-
1 frequent
[ˈfriːkwənt]1. adjectivehappening often:مُتَكَرِّرHe made frequent journeys.
2. [frɪˈkwent] verbto visit often:يزور تِكراراHe used to frequent the George Hotel.
-
2 bu so
verbbe abundant--------verbbe common--------verbflout rules--------verbtransgress--------to be abundant--------to be common--------to be frequent--------to be plentiful--------to be unclean--------to overflow--------to run over -
3 frekventere
-
4 vanke
verb. frequent, visit often -
5 verkehren
I v/i1. (hat oder ist verkehrt) Fahrzeug: run; FLUG. fly, operate; verkehren zwischen Boot: auch ply between; in einer Gegend verkehren serve an area2. (hat): in einer Bar etc. verkehren frequent a bar etc.; verkehren bei jemandem visit s.o. regularly, be a regular visitor to ( oder at) s.o.’s house etc.; verkehren mit jemandem associate with s.o.; gesellschaftlich: auch socialize with s.o.; viel mit jemandem verkehren see a great deal of s.o.; in Künstlerkreisen etc. verkehren move in artistic circles; ich verkehre mit ihm nur noch über meinen Anwalt verkehren I deal with him now only through my lawyer* * *(Umgang haben) to associate; to consort;(fahren) to run;(umkehren) to reverse* * *ver|keh|ren ptp verkehrt1. vider Bus/das Flugzeug verkehrt regelmäßig zwischen A und B — the bus runs or goes or operates regularly/the plane goes or operates regularly between A and B
2)(= Gast sein, Kontakt pflegen)
bei jdm verkéhren — to frequent sb's house, to visit sb (regularly)mit jdm verkéhren — to associate with sb
in einem Lokal verkéhren — to frequent a pub
in Künstlerkreisen verkéhren — to move in artistic circles, to mix with artists
mit jdm brieflich or schriftlich verkéhren (form) — to correspond with sb
mit jdm (geschlechtlich) verkéhren — to have (sexual) intercourse with sb
2. vtto turn ( in +acc into)etw ins Gegenteil verkéhren — to reverse sth
See:→ auch verkehrt3. vrto turn ( in +acc into)sich ins Gegenteil verkéhren — to become reversed
* * *((of buses, trains etc) to travel regularly: The buses run every half hour; The train is running late.) run* * *ver·keh·ren *I. vi1. Hilfsverb: haben o sein (fahren) Boot, Bus, Zug to run [or go]der Zug verkehrt auf dieser Nebenstrecke nur noch zweimal am Tag the train only runs twice a day on this branch line; Flugzeug to fly [or go▪ [irgendwo/bei jdm] \verkehren to visit somewhere/sb regularly3. Hilfsverb: haben (Umgang pflegen)▪ [mit jdm] \verkehren to associate [with sb]sie verkehrt mit hochrangigen Diplomaten she associates with high-ranking diplomats▪ [mit jdm] \verkehren to have intercourse [with sb]* * *1.intransitives Verb1) auch mit sein (fahren) run; < aircraft> flyder Dampfer verkehrt zwischen Hamburg und Helgoland — the steamer plies or operates or goes between Hamburg and Heligoland
2)2.in einem Lokal verkehren — frequent a pub (Brit.)
transitives Verb turn (in + Akk. into)3.reflexives Verb turn (in + Akk. into)* * *A. v/iverkehren zwischen Boot: auch ply between;in einer Gegend verkehren serve an area2. (hat):in einer Bar etcverkehren frequent a bar etc;verkehren mit jemandem associate with sb; gesellschaftlich: auch socialize with sb;viel mit jemandem verkehren see a great deal of sb;verkehren move in artistic circles;ich verkehre mit ihm nur noch über meinen Anwalt I deal with him now only through my lawyer3. (hat):verkehren mit geschlechtlich: have (sexual) intercourse withB. v/t (hat) (Sinn etc) twist;ins Gegenteil verkehren reverseC. v/r (hat) change, turn (in +akk into);sich ins Gegenteil verkehren turn into the opposite* * *1.intransitives Verb1) auch mit sein (fahren) run; < aircraft> flyder Dampfer verkehrt zwischen Hamburg und Helgoland — the steamer plies or operates or goes between Hamburg and Heligoland
2)2.in einem Lokal verkehren — frequent a pub (Brit.)
transitives Verb turn (in + Akk. into)3.reflexives Verb turn (in + Akk. into)* * *v.to consort v.to ply between expr. -
6 frequentieren
v/t geh. frequent; das Museum / Lokal wird oder ist stark frequentiert a lot of people go to this museum / restaurant, this museum / restaurant is very popular* * *fre|quen|tie|ren [frekvɛn'tiːrən] ptp frequentiertvt (geh)to frequent* * *fre·quen·tie·ren *[frekvɛnˈti:rən]vt (geh)▪ etw [häufig] \frequentieren Kneipe, Lokal etc. to [often] frequent sth [or patronize]* * ** * *frequentieren v/t geh frequent;das Museum/Lokal wird oderist stark frequentiert a lot of people go to this museum/restaurant, this museum/restaurant is very popular* * * -
7 frecuente
adj.frequent (reiterado).Ricardo es un cliente regular Richard is a frequent customer.pres.subj.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) Present Subjunctive of Spanish verb: frecuentar.* * *► adjetivo1 (repetido) frequent2 (usual) common* * *adj.* * *ADJ1) [gen] frequent; [costumbre] common, prevalent; [vicio] rife2) Méx (=familiar) familiar, over-familiar* * *adjetivo <llamada/visita> frequentno es frecuente verla — it is unusual to see her, you do not often see her
* * *= common [commoner -comp., commonest -sup.], frequent, heavy [heavier -comp., heaviest -sup.], prevalent, recurrent, recurring, rife, regular.Ex. When the cataloguer turns to the description of a piece of music a common problem will be the absence of a title page to be used as the chief source of information.Ex. These people make frequent copies of all the library files.Ex. A leased line connection is useful for heavy users, since it offers higher speeds of transmission.Ex. Pre-co-ordinate indexes are particular prevalent as printed indexes.Ex. One of the major recurrent problems with volunteer and part-time abstractors is maintaining deadlines; delays in some of the documents covered by the service are almost inevitable.Ex. After the probationary period, performance evaluations are administered on a recurring basis.Ex. Chances for advancement were slim, and disillusionment at the lack of encouragement to participate in professional activities outside the job was rife.Ex. Book form was generally regarded as too inflexible for library catalogues, especially where the catalogue required regular updating to cater for continuing and gradual expansion of the collection.----* costumbre cada vez más frecuente = growing practice.* demasiado frecuente = all too frequent.* FAQs (Preguntas Más Frecuentes) = FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions).* muy frecuente y rápido = rapid-fire.* poco frecuente = infrequent.* práctica cada vez más frecuente = growing practice.* saer algo poco frecuente = be a rare occurrence.* ser algo muy poco frecuente = be a rare occurrence.* * *adjetivo <llamada/visita> frequentno es frecuente verla — it is unusual to see her, you do not often see her
* * *= common [commoner -comp., commonest -sup.], frequent, heavy [heavier -comp., heaviest -sup.], prevalent, recurrent, recurring, rife, regular.Ex: When the cataloguer turns to the description of a piece of music a common problem will be the absence of a title page to be used as the chief source of information.
Ex: These people make frequent copies of all the library files.Ex: A leased line connection is useful for heavy users, since it offers higher speeds of transmission.Ex: Pre-co-ordinate indexes are particular prevalent as printed indexes.Ex: One of the major recurrent problems with volunteer and part-time abstractors is maintaining deadlines; delays in some of the documents covered by the service are almost inevitable.Ex: After the probationary period, performance evaluations are administered on a recurring basis.Ex: Chances for advancement were slim, and disillusionment at the lack of encouragement to participate in professional activities outside the job was rife.Ex: Book form was generally regarded as too inflexible for library catalogues, especially where the catalogue required regular updating to cater for continuing and gradual expansion of the collection.* costumbre cada vez más frecuente = growing practice.* demasiado frecuente = all too frequent.* FAQs (Preguntas Más Frecuentes) = FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions).* muy frecuente y rápido = rapid-fire.* poco frecuente = infrequent.* práctica cada vez más frecuente = growing practice.* saer algo poco frecuente = be a rare occurrence.* ser algo muy poco frecuente = be a rare occurrence.* * *‹llamada/visita› frequentchubascos frecuentes frequent showersno es frecuente verla paseando por el parque it is unusual to see her walking in the park, you do not often see her walking in the park* * *
Del verbo frecuentar: ( conjugate frecuentar)
frecuenté es:
1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo
frecuente es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
frecuentar
frecuente
frecuentar ( conjugate frecuentar) verbo transitivo
to frequent
frecuente adjetivo ‹llamada/visita› frequent
frecuentar verbo transitivo to frequent
frecuente adjetivo
1 (que se repite a menudo) frequent
2 (habitual, normal) common: es frecuente que los niños desobedezcan, it's common for children to disobey
' frecuente' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
casarse
- común
- continuamente
- rara
- raro
- utensilio
- asiduo
- continuo
- puente
- roce
English:
bear
- billion
- commonplace
- disobedience
- frequent
- infrequent
- prevalent
- rare
- regular
- occurrence
- uncommon
* * *frecuente adj[reiterado] frequent; [habitual] common* * *adj frequent; ( común) common* * *frecuente adj: frequent♦ frecuentemente adv* * *frecuente adj1. (habitual, repetido) frequentsufre frecuentes pesadillas he has frequent nightmares / he often has nightmares2. (normal, común) common -
8 espacer
espacer [εspase]➭ TABLE 31. transitive verb2. reflexive verb► s'espacer [visites, symptômes] to become less frequent* * *ɛspase
1.
verbe transitif to space [something] out
2.
s'espacer verbe pronominal to become less frequent* * *ɛspase vt1) [arbres, fauteuils] to space out2) [visites] to space out* * *espacer verb table: placerA vtr to space [sth] out [objets, visites, appels téléphoniques].B s'espacer vpr to become less frequent.[ɛspase] verbe transitif1. [séparer - lignes, mots, arbustes] to space out (separable)2. [dans le temps] to space outvous devriez espacer vos rencontres you should meet less often ou less frequently————————s'espacer verbe pronominal intransitif1. [dans le temps - visites] to become less frequent2. [s'écarter - gymnastes] -
9 fréquenter
fréquenter [fʀekɑ̃te]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verba. [+ école, musée] to go to ; [+ lieu, milieu] to frequentb. [+ voisins] to do things withc. ( = courtiser) (old-fashioned) to go around with2. reflexive verb► se fréquenter [amoureux] to go out together* * *fʀekɑ̃te
1.
1) ( côtoyer) to associate with [genre de personne]; to see [somebody] frequently [amis, famille]; to move in [milieu]fréquenter les grands auteurs — fml to read the works of great writers
2) ( sortir avec) to go out with3) ( aller à) to attend [école]; to visit [musée]; to go to [plage]; to frequent [clubs]il fréquente les bars — he hangs about (colloq) in bars
2.
se fréquenter verbe pronominal1) ( se voir) [amis] to see one another2) ( sortir ensemble) to go out together* * *fʀekɑ̃te vt1) [personne] to seeJe ne le fréquente pas beaucoup. — I don't see him often.
2) [lieu] to spend time inÀ cette époque il fréquentait beaucoup le café des Amis. — In those days he spent a lot of time in the café des Amis.
C'est surtout fréquenté par des hommes d'affaires. — The clientele are mainly business men.
* * *fréquenter verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( côtoyer) to associate with [genre de personne, connaissance]; to see [sb] frequently [amis, famille]; to move in [milieu]; ce ne sont pas des gens à fréquenter they are not the sort of people one should associate with; nous les fréquentons peu we don't have much to do with them; je ne veux pas que tu les fréquentes I don't want you to have anything to do with them; elle ne fréquente pas n'importe qui ( par sagesse) she chooses her friends carefully; ( par snobisme) she doesn't go around with just anybody; fréquenter les grands auteurs fml to read the works of great writers;2 ( sortir) to go out with [jeune homme/jeune fille];3 ( aller à) to attend [école, église, cours]; to visit [musée, site]; to go to [restaurant, plage]; to frequent sout [clubs, salons]; il fréquente les bars he hangs about○ in bars; si tu fréquentais moins les cafés if you spent less time in cafés.B se fréquenter vpr1 ( se voir) [amis] to see one another; nous nous fréquentons peu we don't see a great deal of each other;2 ( sortir ensemble) [jeune couple] to go out together.[frekɑ̃te] verbe transitif1. [lieu] to frequent[courtiser]3. (littéraire) [lire]fréquenter les bons écrivains/la littérature italienne to read good books/Italian literature————————se fréquenter verbe pronominal -
10 frecuentar
v.to frequent (place).María acude al médico sin razón Mary frequents the doctor without a reason.* * *1 to frequent, visit* * *verbto frequent, haunt* * *VT to frequent* * *verbo transitivo to frequent* * *= frequent, patronise [patronize, -USA], patronage, hang out.Ex. The figures do not support the postulation that the better educated, public employees, left-wing party supporters frequent libraries most.Ex. In the light of the continuing authoritarianism demonstrated by most librarians towards their patrons, it is small wonder that so few people patronized America's public libraries.Ex. 'Exit' is a vow, or intention, to never again patronage the offending library.Ex. Bigfoot or Sasquatch is generally depicted as a night creature but at times he will come out at daylight and likes to hang out in the woods.----* frecuentar los pasillos del poder = stalk + the corridors of power.* frecuentar una tienda = patronise + shop.* * *verbo transitivo to frequent* * *= frequent, patronise [patronize, -USA], patronage, hang out.Ex: The figures do not support the postulation that the better educated, public employees, left-wing party supporters frequent libraries most.
Ex: In the light of the continuing authoritarianism demonstrated by most librarians towards their patrons, it is small wonder that so few people patronized America's public libraries.Ex: 'Exit' is a vow, or intention, to never again patronage the offending library.Ex: Bigfoot or Sasquatch is generally depicted as a night creature but at times he will come out at daylight and likes to hang out in the woods.* frecuentar los pasillos del poder = stalk + the corridors of power.* frecuentar una tienda = patronise + shop.* * *frecuentar [A1 ]vtto frequentun café frecuentado por actores a café frequented by actors, a café where actors often gosolía frecuentar los burdeles del puerto he used to frequent o he often used to visit the brothels in the port area* * *
frecuentar ( conjugate frecuentar) verbo transitivo
to frequent
frecuentar verbo transitivo to frequent
' frecuentar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
tratar
English:
frequent
- haunt
- patronize
* * *frecuentar vt1. [lugar] to frequent;frecuenta unos ambientes poco recomendables he has some rather dubious haunts2. [persona] to see, to visit;fuera del trabajo, no frecuenta a sus compañeros she doesn't socialize with o see her colleagues outside work* * *v/t frequent* * *frecuentar vt: to frequent, to haunt* * *frecuentar vb1. (lugar) to frequent / to go to2. (persona) to go around with -
11 être
être [εtʀ]━━━━━━━━━1. linking verb━━━━━━━━━➭ TABLE 61━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Pour les locutions comme être en colère, c'est dommage, reportez-vous à l'autre mot.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. <a. to be• soyez sages ! be good!► être de• serez-vous des nôtres demain ? will you be coming tomorrow?2. <• être fabriqué par... to be made by...━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Les temps composés français ne se traduisent pas toujours par des temps composés anglais: le passé composé français peut se traduire soit par le prétérit, soit par le parfait anglais, selon le contexte.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• est-il déjà passé ? has he been already?3. <a. to be• où étais-tu ? where were you?b. ( = aller)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque avoir été décrit un déplacement, il est rendu le plus souvent par to go ; lorsqu'il exprime le fait de s'être trouvé quelque part, il se traduit par to be.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• as-tu déjà été à l'étranger ? -- oui j'ai été en Italie l'an dernier have you ever been abroad? -- yes I went to Italy last year4. <a. ► il est + adjectif it is• il est étrange que... it's odd that...• quelle heure est-il ? what time is it?• il est un pays où... there is a country where...• il est des gens qui... there are people who...• il était une fois... once upon a time there was...d. ► c'est, ce sont + nom ou pronom━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► En anglais, to be se met au temps de l'action décrite.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Notez l'emploi possible d'un auxiliaire en anglais pour traduire les propositions tronquées.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• qui a crié ? -- c'est lui who shouted? -- he did or it was hime. ► c'est + adjectif it is• ça c'est vrai ! that's true!• un hôtel pas cher, c'est difficile à trouver it's not easy to find a cheap hotel• voler, c'est quelque chose que je ne ferai jamais stealing is something I'll never dof. (locutions)► c'est... qui• c'est eux or ce sont eux qui mentaient they are the ones who were lying• c'est toi qui le dis ! that's what you say!• c'est moi qu'on attendait it was me they were waiting for► c'est... que• ne partez pas, c'est à vous que je veux parler don't go, it's you I want to talk to► c'est que (pour expliquer)quand il écrit, c'est qu'il a besoin d'argent when he writes, it's because he needs money• c'est que je le connais bien ! I know him so well!• c'est qu'elle n'a pas d'argent it's because she has no money ; (exclamatif) but she has no money!► ce n'est pas que• ce n'est pas qu'il soit beau ! it's not that he's good-looking!► est-ce que ?• est-ce que c'est vrai ? is it true?• est-ce que vous saviez ? did you know?• est-ce que tu m'entends ? can you hear me?• est-ce que c'est toi qui l'as battu ? was it you who beat him?• quand est-ce que ce sera réparé ? when will it be fixed?• où est-ce que tu l'as mis ? where have you put it?► n'est-ce pas ? → n'est-ce pas5. <a. ( = créature) beingb. ( = individu) person* * *
I ɛtʀverbe intransitif (+ v avoir)1)voilà ce qu'il en est — ( présentation) this is how it is; ( conclusion) that's how it is
qu'en est-il de...? — what's the news on...?
2)je suis à vous tout de suite/dans un instant — I'll be with you right away/in a minute
3)il n'est plus — euph he's no longer with us
fût-il duc/en cristal — even if he were a duke/it were made of crystal
••on ne peut pas être et avoir été — Proverbe you can't stay young forever
••
Dans la plupart des situations exprimant l'existence, l'identité, la localisation, la qualité, être sera traduit par to be: je pense donc je suis = I think therefore I am; le soleil est une étoile = the sun is a star; j'étais chez moi = I was at home; l'eau est froide = the water is coldLes locutions figées contenant être sont traitées sous l'entrée appropriée. Ainsi être en train de/sur le point de/hors de soi etc sont respectivement sous train, point, hors etc; comme si de rien n'était et quoi qu'il en soit sous comme et quoi. De même, les expressions avec si et les questions commençant par que sont traitées sous si et que, à part qu'est-ce à dire?, que l'on trouvera sous dire. Selon le même principe, l'emploi facultatif de étant après considérer comme et présenter comme est traité sous ces verbes; étant donné (que) et étant entendu que sont sous donné et entendu. La plupart des autres emplois de étant se traduisent par being: cela (ou ceci) étant = this being so. En revanche, c'est-à-dire, n'est-ce pas, peut-être et soit sont des entrées à part entière, traitées à leur place dans le dictionnairePar ailleurs, on consultera utilement les notes d'usage répertoriées, notamment pour l'expression de l'heure, la date, les nationalités, les professions, les nombres etcêtre = verbe auxiliaireêtre auxiliaire de la voix passive se traduit par to be. On notera l'emploi des divers temps en anglaisau présent: où sont les épreuves? elles sont révisées par le traducteur = where are the proofs? they are being revised by the translator; votre voiture est réparée = your car has been repaired; les portes sont repeintes chaque année = the doors are repainted every yearau passé: les épreuves ont été révisées en juin = the proofs were revised in June; les épreuves ont été révisées plusieurs fois = the proofs have been revised several times; les épreuves ont été révisées bien avant ma démission = the proofs had been revised long before I resignedêtre se traduit par to have si le temps est également composé en anglais - ce qui est beaucoup moins fréquent qu'en français (voir ci-dessus) - sauf avec naître. Dans certains contextes, on peut avoir: elles sont tombées = they have fallen; ils se sont enfuis = they have escaped; elle s'était vengée = she had taken her revengeLes verbes traduits par une construction passive ou attributive en anglais ( se vendre = to be sold; s'indigner = to be indignant) suivent les mêmes règles au passé: tous les livres se sont vendus = all the books have been sold; elle se serait indignée = she would have been indignantNoter que la forme pronominale à valeur passive est souvent mieux rendue en anglais par une forme intransitive: les livres se sont bien vendus = the books have sold wellêtre = allerLorsqu'il signifie aller, être se traduit par to be en anglais, mais seulement s'il est directement suivi d'un complément de lieu: je n'ai jamais été en Chine = I've never been to China. Suivi d'un infinitif, il se rend par to go to: il a été voir son ami = he's gone to see his friend; j'ai été manger au restaurant = I went to eat in the restaurantDans le sens de s'en aller, on notera les tournures recherchées: ils s'en furent au théâtre = they went to the theatre; ils s'en furent (déçus) = they left (disappointed)est-ce, ou sa variante plus familière c'est, se traduit généralement par is it: est-ce leur fils/voiture? = is it their son/car?; c'est grave? = is it serious?; c'est toi ou ton frère? = is it you or your brother?Quand ce garde sa valeur démonstrative, l'anglais précise la référence: est-ce clair? = is that clear?; qui est-ce? ( en montrant une personne) = who is he/she?; et aussi = who is that?; mais, en parlant de quelqu'un qui vous appelle au téléphone, ou à quelqu'un qui frappe à la porte: = who is it?est-ce n'est généralement pas traduit dans les tournures emphatiques ou permettant d'éviter l'inversion du sujet: est-ce que tu parles russe? = do you speak Russian?; est-ce leur fils, ce garçon? is this boy their son?; qui est-ce qui l'a fait? = who did it?; qui est-ce que tu as rencontré? = who did you meet?; quand/où est-ce que tu manges? = when/where do you eat?; qu'est-ce que c'est? = what is it?, ou, comme vu plus haut, = what is this/that? selon qu'on montre un objet proche ou éloignéNéanmoins, la tournure emphatique est également possible en anglais dans certaines expressions: qu'est-ce que j'entends? = what's this I hear?; est-ce bien ce qu'il a voulu dire? = is that what he really meant?c'est se traduit, selon les contextes, it is ( it's), this is, that is ( that's): c'est facile ( de critiquer) = it's easy; (ce que tu me demandes, ce travail) = that's easy; c'est moi (réponse à ‘qui est-ce?’) = it's me; (réponse à ‘qui le fait?’) = I do; (réponse à ‘qui l'a fait?’) = I did; (pour me désigner sur une photo, ou comme étant le personnage dont il est question) = that's me ( traduit également ça, c'est moi); c'est Mme Fox (qui téléphone, réponse à ‘qui est-ce?’) = it's Mrs Fox; (réponse à ‘qui le fait?’) = Mrs Fox ou Mrs Fox does; (réponse à ‘qui l'a fait?’) = Mrs Fox did; (que je montre, dont vous voulez parler) = that's Mrs Fox; c'est eux, ce sont eux (qui sont là-bas, que je montre) = it's them; ( qui le font) = they do; ( qui l'ont fait) = they did; ( qui arrivent) = here they are; ce sont mes enfants ( que je vous présente) = these are my children; ( qui sont là-bas) = they are my children; c'est cela = that's right; c'est ça! tu crois que je vais faire le travail tout seul? = what's this! do you think I'm going to do the work all by myself?Lorsqu'il reprend un nom, un infinitif ou une proposition qui le précède c'est se traduit seulement par is: une étoile, c'est un réacteur nucléaire = a star is a nuclear reactor; réussir, c'est une question de volonté = to succeed is a question of will; sortir par ce temps, c'est de la folie = going out in this weather is sheer madness; eux, ce sont mes amis = they are my friendsDe même, lorsque c'est que reprend un groupe nominal ou une proposition, il se traduit simplement par is that: le comique, c'est que... = the funny thing is that... On trouvera en général cette tournure sous l'entrée appropriée, comme comique, fort, importer etcLorsque c'est que sert à donner une explication il se rend généralement, et selon le temps, par it is that, it was that, mais aussi, pour insister sur l'explication, par it is/was because: si j'ai fait ça, c'est que je ne pouvais pas faire autrement = if I did that, it was because I couldn't do otherwise. ce n'est pas que se traduit la plupart du temps it is/was not that (la contraction est it's not plutôt que it isn't): ce n'est pas qu'il soit bête, mais... = it's not that he is stupid, but...En corrélation avec un pronom relatif, c'est peut soit garder sa valeur de présentatif (voir plus haut) et se rendre par that's: c'est le journaliste qui m'a interviewé/que nous avons rencontré/dont je te parlais = that's the journalist who interviewed me/(that) we met/I was telling you about; c'est le château où je suis né = that's the castle where I was born; c'est ce qui me fait croire que... = that's what makes me think that...; c'est justement ce que je disais = that's exactly what I was saying; soit constituer une tournure emphatique qui se rend en anglais selon la nuance: c'est de la même femme que nous parlons = we're talking about the same woman; c'était d'en parler devant elle qui me gênait = talking about it in front of her was what made me feel uneasy ou what made me feel uneasy was talking about it in front of her; c'est lui/Paul qui l'a cassé ( je le dénonce) = he/Paul broke it; ( je l'accuse) = he/Paul is the one who broke it; c'est mon frère qui l'a écrit = it was my brother who wrote it ou my brother's the one who wrote it; c'est de ta soeur que je parlais, pas de toi = it was your sister I was talking about, not you; c'est cette voiture qui m'intéresse = this is the car (that) I am interested in; c'est lui le coupable = he is the culprit; ce sont eux les meurtriers = they are the murderersc'est à suivi d'un infinitif se traduit parfois par it is suivi de l'adjectif correspondant si cette même transformation est possible en français ( c'est à désespérer = c'est désespérant = it's hopeless), mais c'est rare, et il est conseillé de se reporter à l'infinitif en question ou à l'un des autres termes obtenus à partir de transformations semblablesc'est à... de faire (ou parfois à faire) se traduira de deux manières: c'est à Pierre/lui de choisir ( c'est son tour) it's Pierre's/his turn to choose; ( c'est sa responsabilité) it's up to Pierre/to him to chooseLa notion de rivalité contenue dans c'est à qui suivi du futur doit être rendue explicite en anglais: c'est à qui proposera le plus de réformes = each is trying to suggest more reforms than the other; c'était à qui des deux aurait le dernier mot = they were each trying to get in the last word; c'était à qui trouverait le plus d'erreurs dans le texte = they were vying with each other to find the most mistakes in the textc'est, équivalent de ça fait dans le compte d'une somme, se rend par it is: c'est 200 francs = it's 200 francs; c'est combien? = how much is it?ce sera avec valeur modale de ce doit être se traduit it must be: ce sera mon professeur de piano = it must be my piano teacherêtre = verbe impersonnelil est facile de critiquer = it is easy to criticize; il serait nécessaire de faire = it would be necessary to do; il est des gens bizarres = there are some strange people; il n'est pas de jour/d'heure sans qu'il se plaigne = not a day/an hour goes by without him complainingOn se référera par ailleurs aux notes d'usage concernant l'heure et la date; voir aussi les entrées temps et foisil est à suivi d'un infinitif se rend différemment, selon les nuances qu'imposent le contexte, par it must be, it has to be, it should be, it can be suivis du participe passé. Pour plus de sûreté, on se reportera à l'infinitif en question, où cette construction est généralement traitéeil est de suivi d'un substantif ou d'un groupe nominal se rend souvent par it is suivi directement d'un adjectif ou d'un substantif précédé d'un déterminant (article, pronom): il est de coutume de faire (ou qu'on fasse) = it is customary ou the custom to do; il est de notre responsabilité de faire = it is our responsibility to do; mais ce n'est pas une règle absolue, et il est préférable de consulter des entrées telles que goût, règle, notoriété etc pour avoir des traductions adéquates. Voir également 1 Voir également 1 ci-dessous pour des exemples supplémentairesCertains cas sont traités sous la rubrique ‘être = verbe impersonnel’; d'autres, expressions figées, le sont sous l'entrée appropriée; voir par exemple poche et frais pour en être de sa poche/pour ses frais. Enfin, quand l'antéc édent de en est exprimé dans la phrase, l'expression est traitée plus bas sous être de: où en étais-je? = where was I?; je ne sais plus où j'en suis = I'm lost; où en es-tu de tes recherches? - j'en suis à mi-chemin/au début = how far have you got in your research? - I'm halfway through/at the beginning; elle a eu plusieurs amants/accidents: elle en est à son quatrième = she has had several lovers/accidents: this is her fourth; j'en suis à me demander si... = I'm beginning to wonder whether...; j'en étais à ne pouvoir distinguer le vrai du faux = I got to the point where I couldn't distinguish between truth and falsehoodSuivie d'un substantif représentant un vêtement, l'expression peut être traduite to be in, mais on consultera l'entrée appropriée pour s'en assurer. Si l'on dit to be in uniform ou éventuellement to be wearing a uniform pour être en uniforme, l'anglais préfère généralement to be wearing a suit à to be in a suit pour être en costume (de même pour robe, tailleur etc). Dans le cas d'un déguisement, on a to be dressed up as: être en pirate = to be dressed up as a piratej'y suis ( je vous comprends) = I'm with you; ( plus général mais un peu familier) = I get it; je n'y suis pas ( je ne comprends pas) = I don't get it; vous y êtes? (vous comprenez?) = are you with me?; (vous êtes prêt(e)?) = are you ready?; 20000 francs? vous n'y êtes pas! = 20,000 francs? you're a long way out!; tu n'y es pas, c'est plus compliqué que ça = you don't realize, it's a lot more complicated than that. Voir aussi les entrées y, adverbe de lieu, et pourêtre + prépositionsLa plupart des cas ( être dans, sur, devant, pour, après, avec etc) sont traités sous la préposition correspondante. Ne sont retenus ici que les cas particuliers de être à et être deLes cas où l'on peut faire l'ellipse de être ou le remplacer par un autre verbe sont traités sous la préposition à; ceux de en être à sous la rubrique ‘en être’, et ceux de c'est à sous la rubrique ‘c'est’Les emplois de être à suivi d'un groupe nominal et signifiant ‘tendre vers’ sont généralement traités sous le substantif approprié, comme temps, hausse, agonie etc dans les expressions le temps est à la pluie, être à la hausse, être à l'agonie. De même, quand être à signifie un état, c'est sous le substantif ou adjectif approprié, comme bout, disposition, quai, vif etc, qu'on trouvera la ou les traductions de l'expression correspondanteSuivi d'un infinitif et signifiant devoir être, être à peut généralement se traduire, en observant les mêmes nuances qu'avec devoir, par must be, have to be ou should be suivi du participe passé du verbe anglais. Il reste conseillé de consulter l'infinitif en question, comme plaindre, prendre etc. On en trouve également un traitement succint sous les rubriques ‘être = verbe impersonnel' et ‘c'est'Au sens de appartenir à, l'anglais utilise to be suivi du cas possessif quand le possesseur est un être animé ou d'un pronom possessif si celui-ci est représent é par un pronom objet. Si le cas possessif n'est pas d'usage, on utilise de préférence to belong to: ce livre est à moi/à mon frère = this book is mine/my brother's; ces dictionnaires sont au service de traduction = these dictionaries belong to the translation department; à qui est ce chien? = who does this dog belong to? ou whose dog is this? Voir 2 ci-dessous pour des exemples supplémentairesQuand elle exprime un état ou une situation, la tournure être de suivie d'un substantif sans déterminant est traduite sous le substantif en question, notamment avis, garde, service etc. De même, certaines expressions où la présence de déterminant est variable, comme dans être de mauvaise foi/d'une incroyable mauvaise foi sont traitées sous l'entrée appropriée, en l'occurrence, foi; voir aussi humeur, massacrante, poil etcLa construction être d'un/d'une suivie d'un adjectif substantivé ou d'un substantif exprimant une qualité ou un défaut peut généralement être rendue par to be so suivi de l'adjectif correspondant en anglais, si le substantif est seul: elle est d'un ridicule/d'une prétention! = she's so ridiculous/so pretentious!; si le substantif est qualifié, l'adjectif devient généralement un adverbe en anglais: il est d'une exquise courtoisie/d'une incompétence rare = he's exquisitely courteous/exceptionally incompetent; mais il n'est pas inutile de vérifier les traductions des adjectifs et substantifs à leur entrée avant de rendre cette constructionAu sens de participer à, faire partie de, la tournure être de se traduit de façon très variable (voir aussi partie): il est des nôtres ( il vient avec nous) = he's with us; (il est de notre clan, agit et pense comme nous) = he's one of us; serez-vous des nôtres? = will you be (coming) with us?; êtes-vous des nôtres? = are you coming with us? (ici, coming est nécessaire, pour éviter l'ambiguïté de are you with us?); les journalistes ne sont pas/ne seront pas du voyage = the journalists aren't coming/won't be coming on the trip; ils ont organisé une expédition mais je n'en étais pas = they organized an expedition but I wasn't part of it; il y avait un congrès mais il n'en était pas = there was a congress but he didn't take partSuivi d'un infinitif et précédé de noms abstraits avec l'article défini ( l'idéal, l'essentiel etc) ou de superlatifs ( le plus simple), être de se traduit généralement par to be suivi de l'infinitif avec to: le plus simple serait de tout recommencer = the simplest thing to do would be to start all over again
II ɛtʀnom masculin1) ( organisme vivant) beingun être sans défense — a defenceless [BrE] creature
2) ( personne) personun être cher or aimé — a loved one
3) ( nature intime) being4) Philosophie
••
Dans la plupart des situations exprimant l'existence, l'identité, la localisation, la qualité, être sera traduit par to be: je pense donc je suis = I think therefore I am; le soleil est une étoile = the sun is a star; j'étais chez moi = I was at home; l'eau est froide = the water is coldLes locutions figées contenant être sont traitées sous l'entrée appropriée. Ainsi être en train de/sur le point de/hors de soi etc sont respectivement sous train, point, hors etc; comme si de rien n'était et quoi qu'il en soit sous comme et quoi. De même, les expressions avec si et les questions commençant par que sont traitées sous si et que, à part qu'est-ce à dire?, que l'on trouvera sous dire. Selon le même principe, l'emploi facultatif de étant après considérer comme et présenter comme est traité sous ces verbes; étant donné (que) et étant entendu que sont sous donné et entendu. La plupart des autres emplois de étant se traduisent par being: cela (ou ceci) étant = this being so. En revanche, c'est-à-dire, n'est-ce pas, peut-être et soit sont des entrées à part entière, traitées à leur place dans le dictionnairePar ailleurs, on consultera utilement les notes d'usage répertoriées, notamment pour l'expression de l'heure, la date, les nationalités, les professions, les nombres etcêtre = verbe auxiliaireêtre auxiliaire de la voix passive se traduit par to be. On notera l'emploi des divers temps en anglaisau présent: où sont les épreuves? elles sont révisées par le traducteur = where are the proofs? they are being revised by the translator; votre voiture est réparée = your car has been repaired; les portes sont repeintes chaque année = the doors are repainted every yearau passé: les épreuves ont été révisées en juin = the proofs were revised in June; les épreuves ont été révisées plusieurs fois = the proofs have been revised several times; les épreuves ont été révisées bien avant ma démission = the proofs had been revised long before I resignedêtre se traduit par to have si le temps est également composé en anglais - ce qui est beaucoup moins fréquent qu'en français (voir ci-dessus) - sauf avec naître. Dans certains contextes, on peut avoir: elles sont tombées = they have fallen; ils se sont enfuis = they have escaped; elle s'était vengée = she had taken her revengeLes verbes traduits par une construction passive ou attributive en anglais ( se vendre = to be sold; s'indigner = to be indignant) suivent les mêmes règles au passé: tous les livres se sont vendus = all the books have been sold; elle se serait indignée = she would have been indignantNoter que la forme pronominale à valeur passive est souvent mieux rendue en anglais par une forme intransitive: les livres se sont bien vendus = the books have sold wellêtre = allerLorsqu'il signifie aller, être se traduit par to be en anglais, mais seulement s'il est directement suivi d'un complément de lieu: je n'ai jamais été en Chine = I've never been to China. Suivi d'un infinitif, il se rend par to go to: il a été voir son ami = he's gone to see his friend; j'ai été manger au restaurant = I went to eat in the restaurantDans le sens de s'en aller, on notera les tournures recherchées: ils s'en furent au théâtre = they went to the theatre; ils s'en furent (déçus) = they left (disappointed)est-ce, ou sa variante plus familière c'est, se traduit généralement par is it: est-ce leur fils/voiture? = is it their son/car?; c'est grave? = is it serious?; c'est toi ou ton frère? = is it you or your brother?Quand ce garde sa valeur démonstrative, l'anglais précise la référence: est-ce clair? = is that clear?; qui est-ce? ( en montrant une personne) = who is he/she?; et aussi = who is that?; mais, en parlant de quelqu'un qui vous appelle au téléphone, ou à quelqu'un qui frappe à la porte: = who is it?est-ce n'est généralement pas traduit dans les tournures emphatiques ou permettant d'éviter l'inversion du sujet: est-ce que tu parles russe? = do you speak Russian?; est-ce leur fils, ce garçon? is this boy their son?; qui est-ce qui l'a fait? = who did it?; qui est-ce que tu as rencontré? = who did you meet?; quand/où est-ce que tu manges? = when/where do you eat?; qu'est-ce que c'est? = what is it?, ou, comme vu plus haut, = what is this/that? selon qu'on montre un objet proche ou éloignéNéanmoins, la tournure emphatique est également possible en anglais dans certaines expressions: qu'est-ce que j'entends? = what's this I hear?; est-ce bien ce qu'il a voulu dire? = is that what he really meant?c'est se traduit, selon les contextes, it is ( it's), this is, that is ( that's): c'est facile ( de critiquer) = it's easy; (ce que tu me demandes, ce travail) = that's easy; c'est moi (réponse à ‘qui est-ce?’) = it's me; (réponse à ‘qui le fait?’) = I do; (réponse à ‘qui l'a fait?’) = I did; (pour me désigner sur une photo, ou comme étant le personnage dont il est question) = that's me ( traduit également ça, c'est moi); c'est Mme Fox (qui téléphone, réponse à ‘qui est-ce?’) = it's Mrs Fox; (réponse à ‘qui le fait?’) = Mrs Fox ou Mrs Fox does; (réponse à ‘qui l'a fait?’) = Mrs Fox did; (que je montre, dont vous voulez parler) = that's Mrs Fox; c'est eux, ce sont eux (qui sont là-bas, que je montre) = it's them; ( qui le font) = they do; ( qui l'ont fait) = they did; ( qui arrivent) = here they are; ce sont mes enfants ( que je vous présente) = these are my children; ( qui sont là-bas) = they are my children; c'est cela = that's right; c'est ça! tu crois que je vais faire le travail tout seul? = what's this! do you think I'm going to do the work all by myself?Lorsqu'il reprend un nom, un infinitif ou une proposition qui le précède c'est se traduit seulement par is: une étoile, c'est un réacteur nucléaire = a star is a nuclear reactor; réussir, c'est une question de volonté = to succeed is a question of will; sortir par ce temps, c'est de la folie = going out in this weather is sheer madness; eux, ce sont mes amis = they are my friendsDe même, lorsque c'est que reprend un groupe nominal ou une proposition, il se traduit simplement par is that: le comique, c'est que... = the funny thing is that... On trouvera en général cette tournure sous l'entrée appropriée, comme comique, fort, importer etcLorsque c'est que sert à donner une explication il se rend généralement, et selon le temps, par it is that, it was that, mais aussi, pour insister sur l'explication, par it is/was because: si j'ai fait ça, c'est que je ne pouvais pas faire autrement = if I did that, it was because I couldn't do otherwise. ce n'est pas que se traduit la plupart du temps it is/was not that (la contraction est it's not plutôt que it isn't): ce n'est pas qu'il soit bête, mais... = it's not that he is stupid, but...En corrélation avec un pronom relatif, c'est peut soit garder sa valeur de présentatif (voir plus haut) et se rendre par that's: c'est le journaliste qui m'a interviewé/que nous avons rencontré/dont je te parlais = that's the journalist who interviewed me/(that) we met/I was telling you about; c'est le château où je suis né = that's the castle where I was born; c'est ce qui me fait croire que... = that's what makes me think that...; c'est justement ce que je disais = that's exactly what I was saying; soit constituer une tournure emphatique qui se rend en anglais selon la nuance: c'est de la même femme que nous parlons = we're talking about the same woman; c'était d'en parler devant elle qui me gênait = talking about it in front of her was what made me feel uneasy ou what made me feel uneasy was talking about it in front of her; c'est lui/Paul qui l'a cassé ( je le dénonce) = he/Paul broke it; ( je l'accuse) = he/Paul is the one who broke it; c'est mon frère qui l'a écrit = it was my brother who wrote it ou my brother's the one who wrote it; c'est de ta soeur que je parlais, pas de toi = it was your sister I was talking about, not you; c'est cette voiture qui m'intéresse = this is the car (that) I am interested in; c'est lui le coupable = he is the culprit; ce sont eux les meurtriers = they are the murderersc'est à suivi d'un infinitif se traduit parfois par it is suivi de l'adjectif correspondant si cette même transformation est possible en français ( c'est à désespérer = c'est désespérant = it's hopeless), mais c'est rare, et il est conseillé de se reporter à l'infinitif en question ou à l'un des autres termes obtenus à partir de transformations semblablesc'est à... de faire (ou parfois à faire) se traduira de deux manières: c'est à Pierre/lui de choisir ( c'est son tour) it's Pierre's/his turn to choose; ( c'est sa responsabilité) it's up to Pierre/to him to chooseLa notion de rivalité contenue dans c'est à qui suivi du futur doit être rendue explicite en anglais: c'est à qui proposera le plus de réformes = each is trying to suggest more reforms than the other; c'était à qui des deux aurait le dernier mot = they were each trying to get in the last word; c'était à qui trouverait le plus d'erreurs dans le texte = they were vying with each other to find the most mistakes in the textc'est, équivalent de ça fait dans le compte d'une somme, se rend par it is: c'est 200 francs = it's 200 francs; c'est combien? = how much is it?ce sera avec valeur modale de ce doit être se traduit it must be: ce sera mon professeur de piano = it must be my piano teacherêtre = verbe impersonnelil est facile de critiquer = it is easy to criticize; il serait nécessaire de faire = it would be necessary to do; il est des gens bizarres = there are some strange people; il n'est pas de jour/d'heure sans qu'il se plaigne = not a day/an hour goes by without him complainingOn se référera par ailleurs aux notes d'usage concernant l'heure et la date; voir aussi les entrées temps et foisil est à suivi d'un infinitif se rend différemment, selon les nuances qu'imposent le contexte, par it must be, it has to be, it should be, it can be suivis du participe passé. Pour plus de sûreté, on se reportera à l'infinitif en question, où cette construction est généralement traitéeil est de suivi d'un substantif ou d'un groupe nominal se rend souvent par it is suivi directement d'un adjectif ou d'un substantif précédé d'un déterminant (article, pronom): il est de coutume de faire (ou qu'on fasse) = it is customary ou the custom to do; il est de notre responsabilité de faire = it is our responsibility to do; mais ce n'est pas une règle absolue, et il est préférable de consulter des entrées telles que goût, règle, notoriété etc pour avoir des traductions adéquates. Voir également 1 Voir également 1 ci-dessous pour des exemples supplémentairesCertains cas sont traités sous la rubrique ‘être = verbe impersonnel’; d'autres, expressions figées, le sont sous l'entrée appropriée; voir par exemple poche et frais pour en être de sa poche/pour ses frais. Enfin, quand l'antéc édent de en est exprimé dans la phrase, l'expression est traitée plus bas sous être de: où en étais-je? = where was I?; je ne sais plus où j'en suis = I'm lost; où en es-tu de tes recherches? - j'en suis à mi-chemin/au début = how far have you got in your research? - I'm halfway through/at the beginning; elle a eu plusieurs amants/accidents: elle en est à son quatrième = she has had several lovers/accidents: this is her fourth; j'en suis à me demander si... = I'm beginning to wonder whether...; j'en étais à ne pouvoir distinguer le vrai du faux = I got to the point where I couldn't distinguish between truth and falsehoodSuivie d'un substantif représentant un vêtement, l'expression peut être traduite to be in, mais on consultera l'entrée appropriée pour s'en assurer. Si l'on dit to be in uniform ou éventuellement to be wearing a uniform pour être en uniforme, l'anglais préfère généralement to be wearing a suit à to be in a suit pour être en costume (de même pour robe, tailleur etc). Dans le cas d'un déguisement, on a to be dressed up as: être en pirate = to be dressed up as a piratej'y suis ( je vous comprends) = I'm with you; ( plus général mais un peu familier) = I get it; je n'y suis pas ( je ne comprends pas) = I don't get it; vous y êtes? (vous comprenez?) = are you with me?; (vous êtes prêt(e)?) = are you ready?; 20000 francs? vous n'y êtes pas! = 20,000 francs? you're a long way out!; tu n'y es pas, c'est plus compliqué que ça = you don't realize, it's a lot more complicated than that. Voir aussi les entrées y, adverbe de lieu, et pourêtre + prépositionsLa plupart des cas ( être dans, sur, devant, pour, après, avec etc) sont traités sous la préposition correspondante. Ne sont retenus ici que les cas particuliers de être à et être deLes cas où l'on peut faire l'ellipse de être ou le remplacer par un autre verbe sont traités sous la préposition à; ceux de en être à sous la rubrique ‘en être’, et ceux de c'est à sous la rubrique ‘c'est’Les emplois de être à suivi d'un groupe nominal et signifiant ‘tendre vers’ sont généralement traités sous le substantif approprié, comme temps, hausse, agonie etc dans les expressions le temps est à la pluie, être à la hausse, être à l'agonie. De même, quand être à signifie un état, c'est sous le substantif ou adjectif approprié, comme bout, disposition, quai, vif etc, qu'on trouvera la ou les traductions de l'expression correspondanteSuivi d'un infinitif et signifiant devoir être, être à peut généralement se traduire, en observant les mêmes nuances qu'avec devoir, par must be, have to be ou should be suivi du participe passé du verbe anglais. Il reste conseillé de consulter l'infinitif en question, comme plaindre, prendre etc. On en trouve également un traitement succint sous les rubriques ‘être = verbe impersonnel' et ‘c'est'Au sens de appartenir à, l'anglais utilise to be suivi du cas possessif quand le possesseur est un être animé ou d'un pronom possessif si celui-ci est représent é par un pronom objet. Si le cas possessif n'est pas d'usage, on utilise de préférence to belong to: ce livre est à moi/à mon frère = this book is mine/my brother's; ces dictionnaires sont au service de traduction = these dictionaries belong to the translation department; à qui est ce chien? = who does this dog belong to? ou whose dog is this? Voir 2 ci-dessous pour des exemples supplémentairesQuand elle exprime un état ou une situation, la tournure être de suivie d'un substantif sans déterminant est traduite sous le substantif en question, notamment avis, garde, service etc. De même, certaines expressions où la présence de déterminant est variable, comme dans être de mauvaise foi/d'une incroyable mauvaise foi sont traitées sous l'entrée appropriée, en l'occurrence, foi; voir aussi humeur, massacrante, poil etcLa construction être d'un/d'une suivie d'un adjectif substantivé ou d'un substantif exprimant une qualité ou un défaut peut généralement être rendue par to be so suivi de l'adjectif correspondant en anglais, si le substantif est seul: elle est d'un ridicule/d'une prétention! = she's so ridiculous/so pretentious!; si le substantif est qualifié, l'adjectif devient généralement un adverbe en anglais: il est d'une exquise courtoisie/d'une incompétence rare = he's exquisitely courteous/exceptionally incompetent; mais il n'est pas inutile de vérifier les traductions des adjectifs et substantifs à leur entrée avant de rendre cette constructionAu sens de participer à, faire partie de, la tournure être de se traduit de façon très variable (voir aussi partie): il est des nôtres ( il vient avec nous) = he's with us; (il est de notre clan, agit et pense comme nous) = he's one of us; serez-vous des nôtres? = will you be (coming) with us?; êtes-vous des nôtres? = are you coming with us? (ici, coming est nécessaire, pour éviter l'ambiguïté de are you with us?); les journalistes ne sont pas/ne seront pas du voyage = the journalists aren't coming/won't be coming on the trip; ils ont organisé une expédition mais je n'en étais pas = they organized an expedition but I wasn't part of it; il y avait un congrès mais il n'en était pas = there was a congress but he didn't take partSuivi d'un infinitif et précédé de noms abstraits avec l'article défini ( l'idéal, l'essentiel etc) ou de superlatifs ( le plus simple), être de se traduit généralement par to be suivi de l'infinitif avec to: le plus simple serait de tout recommencer = the simplest thing to do would be to start all over again* * *ɛtʀ1. nm2. vb (avec attribut)1) (état, description) to beIl est instituteur. — He's a teacher.
Vous êtes grand. — You're tall.
Vous êtes fatigué. — You're tired.
Je suis heureux. — I'm happy.
être à qn — to be sb's, to belong to sb
Ce livre est à Paul. — This book is Paul's., This book belongs to Paul.
C'est à moi. — It's mine.
C'est à eux. — It's theirs.
C'est à lui de le faire. — It's up to him to do it.
3) (origine)Il est de Paris. — He is from Paris.
Il est des nôtres. — He is one of us.
4) (obligation, but)être à (+ infinitif) C'est à réparer. — It needs repairing.
C'est à essayer. — You should try it.
Il est à espérer que... — It is to be hoped that...
3. vi1) (= se trouver) to beJe ne serai pas ici demain. — I won't be here tomorrow.
2) (date)Nous sommes le 10 janvier. — It's the 10th of January., Today is the 10th of January.
3) (= faire partie) to beêtre de ceux qui... — to be one of those who...
Il voulait en être. — He wanted to be part of it.
4) (= exister) to beêtre ou ne pas être... — to be or not to be...
en être à qch (= avoir atteint) — to have got to sth, to have got as far as sth, (= être réduit à) to be reduced to sth
Nous en étions au dessert. — We had got to the dessert., We had got as far as dessert.
Il en est à faire des ménages pour vivre. — He's been reduced to doing cleaning jobs to earn a living.
4. vb aux1) (dans verbes composés) to haveIl est parti. — He has left., He has gone.
Il n'est pas encore arrivé. — He hasn't arrived yet.
2) (forme passive) to beIl a été promu. — He has been promoted.
5. vb impersil est... — it is...
Il est impossible de le faire. — It's impossible to do it.
Il est 10 heures. — It's 10 o'clock.
See:* * *I.être ⇒ Note d'usage verb table: être vi1 il n'est pas jusqu'à l'Antarctique qui ne soit pollué even the Antarctic is polluted; il en est de Pierre comme de Paul it is the same with Pierre as with Paul; voilà ce qu'il en est ( présentation) this is how it is; ( conclusion) that's how it is; il n'en est rien this isn't at all the case; il en sera toujours ainsi it will always be so; il en a été de même it was the same; qu'en est-il de…? what's the news on…?;2 je suis à vous tout de suite/dans un instant I'll be with you right away/in a minute; je suis à vous I'm all yours; être à ce qu'on fait to have one's mind on what one is doing; elle est toujours à se plaindre she's always complaining;3 il n'est plus euph he's no longer with us; ce temps n'est plus those days are gone; ces traditions ne sont plus these traditions are things of the past; fût-il duc/en cristal even if he were a duke/it were made of crystal, even were he a duke/were it made of crystal; n'était leur grand âge were it not for their advanced age, if it were not for their advanced age; ne serait-ce qu'en faisant if only by doing; ne fût-ce que pour la soulager/qu'un instant if only to relieve her/for a moment; fût-ce pour des raisons humanitaires if only on humanitarian grounds.on ne peut pas être et avoir été Prov you can't stay young forever.II.être nm1 ( organisme vivant) being; être humain/vivant/surnaturel human/living/supernatural being; les êtres animés et inanimés animate and inanimate things; les êtres et les choses living things and objects; un être sans défense a defencelessGB creature; ces plantes sont des êtres inférieurs these plants are inferior life-forms;2 ( personne) person; un être d'exception an exceptional person; un être faible et timoré a weak and timorous person; les êtres qui doutent people who doubt; l'amitié entre deux êtres friendship between two people; un être cher or aimé a loved one; ce sont des êtres simples they're simple beings ou souls; son mari est un être sensible her husband is a sensitive soul;3 ( nature intime) being; de tout son être [détester, souhaiter] with one's whole being; au fond de son être, elle savait que in the core of her being, she knew that; blessé au plus profond de son être hurt to the core; les êtres contradictoires qui vous habitent the conflicting selves within you;I[ɛtr] nom masculin2. RELIGIONl'être éternel ou infini ou suprême the Supreme Being3. [personne] personII[ɛtr] verbe intransitifA.[EXPRIME L'EXISTENCE, LA RÉALITÉ]B.[RELIE L'ATTRIBUT, LE COMPLÉMENT AU SUJET]1. [suivi d'un attribut] to beje ne te le prêterai pas! — comment ou comme tu es! (familier) I won't lend it to you! — you see what you're like!Bruno/ce rôle est tout pour moi Bruno/this part means everything to me2. [suivi d'une préposition]j'y suis, j'y reste here I am and here I staya. [à la maison] I'm not at home for anyoneb. [au bureau] I won't see anybodyje suis à vous [je vous écoute] I'm all yourstout le monde est à la page 15/au chapitre 9? is everybody at page 15/chapter 9?vous êtes (bien) au 01.40.06.24.08 this is 01 40 06 24 08être de [provenir de] to be from, to come fromBruno est de sa famille Bruno is a member of her family ou is a relative of hersêtre de [participer à]: je suis de mariage le mois prochain I've got (to go to) a wedding next monthj'en suis au moment où il découvre le trésor I've got to the part ou the bit where he discovers the treasureoù en étais-je? [après une interruption dans une conversation] where was I ?tu en es encore à lui chercher des excuses! — oh non, je n'en suis plus là! you're still trying to find excuses for him! — oh no, I'm past that!ne plus savoir où l'on en est: je ne sais plus du tout où j'en suis dans tous ces calculs I don't know where I am any more with all these calculationsj'ai besoin de faire le point, je ne sais plus où j'en suis I've got to take stock, I've completely lost track of everythingy être [comprendre]: tu te souviens bien de Marie, une petite brune! — ah, oui, j'y suis maintenant! but you must remember Marie, a brunette! — oh yes, I'm with you now!mais non, vous n'y êtes pas du tout! you don't understand!3. [dans l'expression du temps] to benous sommes le 8/jeudi today is the 8th/ThursdayC.[SUBSTITUT DE ALLER, PARTIR] to go————————[ɛtr] verbe impersonnel1. [exister]il était une fois un prince... once (upon a time) there was a prince...2. [pour exprimer l'heure]3. (soutenu & locution)on a dit que vous vouliez démissionner — il n'en est rien it was rumoured you wanted to resign — that's not trueil n'est que de: il n'est que de lire les journaux pour s'en rendre compte you only have to read the newspapers to be aware of it————————[ɛtr] verbe auxiliaire1. [sert à former les temps composés]je suis/j'étais descendu I came/had come down2. [sert à former le passif]3. [sert à exprimer une obligation]cela étant locution adverbiale[dans ces circonstances] things being what they are[cela dit] having said that -
12 krachen
I v/i1. (hat gekracht) crash (auch Donner); Feuer, Radio: crackle; Tür etc.: bang, slam; auf der Straße kracht es dauernd there’s one crash after another on that road; du tust, was ich dir sage, sonst kracht’s umg. you’ll do as I tell you, or there’ll be trouble; dass es nur so krachte umg. like crazy3. (ist) (krachend zusammenstoßen mit) crash ( gegen oder in + Akk into); er ist mit 100 Sachen gegen den Baum gekracht he crashed ( oder slammed) into the tree at 60 mphII v/refl (hat) umg. (sich streiten) have a row (Am. an argument); (mehrmals) have rows (Am. arguments); wir krachen uns oft we often have rows (Am. arguments, set-tos umg.); er hat sich mit ihr gekracht he’s had a bust-up with her* * *das Krachencrash* * *krạ|chen ['kraxn]1. vikrachend fallen etc — to fall etc with a crash or bang
..., dass es nur so krachte (lit) —... with a bang or crash; (fig)... with a vengeance
sonst krachts! (inf) — or there'll be trouble
gleich krachts (inf) — there's going to be trouble
2) aux sein (inf) (= aufplatzen) to rip (open), to split; (= brechen) to break; (Eis) to crack; (Betrieb) to crash3) aux sein inf = aufprallen) to crash2. vr (inf)to have a row or fight or quarrel* * *1) (to make a sudden loud noise: We could hear the fireworks banging in the distance.) bang2) (to (cause to) break partly without falling to pieces: The window cracked down the middle.) crack3) (a noise as of heavy things breaking or falling on something hard: I heard a crash, and looked round to see that he'd dropped all the plates.) crash4) (to (cause to) fall with a loud noise: The glass crashed to the floor.) crash5) (to crash: The lorry ploughed into the back of a bus.) plough* * *kra·chen[ˈkraxn̩]I. viII. vi impers Hilfsverb: haben1. (ein Krachen verursachen)▪ es kracht there is a crashing noiseauf der Kreuzung hat es gekracht there's been a crash on the intersectionder Betrieb kracht the company is going bankrupt4.▶ es [so richtig] \krachen lassen to [really] let rip* * *1.intransitives Verbkrachende Kälte/krachender Frost — (fig.) bitter cold/heavy frost
2) mit sein (ugs.): (bersten) < ice> crack; < bed> collapse; <trousers, dress, etc.> splitdie Tür krachte ins Schloss — the door banged or slammed shut
4) (ugs.): (Bankrott machen) crash5) (unpers.)an der Kreuzung kracht es dauernd — there are frequent crashes at that junction
2.sonst kracht's! — (fig. ugs.) or there'll be trouble
* * *A. v/iauf der Straße kracht es dauernd there’s one crash after another on that road;dass es nur so krachte umg like crazy3. (ist) (krachend zusammenstoßen mit) crash (in +akk into);er hat sich mit ihr gekracht he’s had a bust-up with her* * *1.intransitives Verbkrachende Kälte/krachender Frost — (fig.) bitter cold/heavy frost
2) mit sein (ugs.): (bersten) < ice> crack; < bed> collapse; <trousers, dress, etc.> split3) mit sein (ugs.): (krachend auftreffen) crashdie Tür krachte ins Schloss — the door banged or slammed shut
4) (ugs.): (Bankrott machen) crash5) (unpers.)2.sonst kracht's! — (fig. ugs.) or there'll be trouble
* * *v.to crash v. -
13 ser
m.1 being (ente).ser humano human beinglos seres vivos living things2 ens.v.1 to be (to be in some place or situation, to originate in, to belong to, to pertain, to exist really).fue aquí it was herelo importante es decidirse the important thing is to reach a decisionser de to be made of; (estar hecho de) to be from; (provenir de) to belong to; (ser propiedad de) to be a member of (formar parte de)¿de dónde eres? where are you from?los juguetes son de mi hijo the toys are my son'ses alto/gracioso he is tall/funnyes azul/difícil it's blue/difficultes un amigo/el dueño he is a friend/the ownerYo soy buena I am good.2 to be (to be worth, quantity).¿cuánto es? how much is it?son 300 pesos that'll be 300 pesos¿qué (día) es hoy? what day is it today?, what's today?mañana será 15 de julio tomorrow (it) will be 15 July¿qué hora es? what time is it?, what's the time?son las tres (de la tarde) it's three o'clock (in the afternoon), it's three (pm)3 to be (joined to nouns which signify employment or occupation).soy abogado/actriz I'm a lawyer/an actressson estudiantes they're students4 to be (to happen, to occur, to fall out).es muy tarde it's rather lateera de noche/de día it was night/day5 to be (auxiliary verb, by which the passive is formed).fue visto por un testigo he was seen by a witness6 to exist, to live.7 to be for.Me es muy fácil aprender español It is very easy for me to learn Spanish.* * *Present IndicativeImperfect SubjunctivePast IndicativeFuture Indicativeseré, serás, será, seremos, seréis, serán.Conditionalsería, serías, sería, seríamos, seríais, serían.Present Subjunctivesea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean.Imperfect SubjunctiveFuture SubjunctiveImperativesé (tú), sea (él/Vd.), seamos (nos.), sed (vos.), sean (ellos/Vds.).Past Participlesido.\\————————* * *1. verb- ser de2. noun m.* * *SF ABR Esp= Sociedad Española de Radiodifusión radio network* * *I 1.1) ( seguido de adjetivos) to be[ ser expresses identity or nature as opposed to condition or state, which is normally conveyed by estar. The examples given below should be contrasted with those to be found in estar 1 cópula 1]es inglés/rubio/católico — he's English/fair/(a) Catholic
era cierto/posible — it was true/possible
sé bueno, estáte quieto — be a good boy and keep still
que seas muy feliz — I hope you'll be very happy; (+ me/te/le etc)
para serte sincero — to be honest with you, to tell you the truth
siempre le he sido fiel — I've always been faithful to her; ver tb verbo intransitivo I 5
¿éste es o se hace?/¿tú eres o te haces? — (AmL fam) is he/are you stupid or something? (colloq)
2) ( hablando de estado civil) to beel mayor es casado/divorciado — the oldest is married/divorced
3) (seguido de nombre, pronombre, sintagma nominal) to besoy peluquera/abogada — I'm a hairdresser/a lawyer
ábreme, soy Mariano/yo — open the door, it's Mariano/it's me
por ser usted, haremos una excepción — for you o since it's you, we'll make an exception
dame cualquiera que no sea ése — give me any one except o but that one
4) (con predicado introducido por `de')es de los vecinos — it belongs to the neighbors, it's the neighbors'
este libro no es de aquí — this book doesn't go o belong here
ésa es de las que... — she's one of those people who..., she's the sort of person who...
ser de lo que no hay — (fam) to be incredible (colloq)
5) (hipótesis, futuro)2.¿será cierto? — can it be true?
ser vi1)a) ( existir) to beb) (liter) ( en cuentos)érase una vez... — once upon a time there was...
2)a) (tener lugar, ocurrir)¿dónde fue el accidente? — where did the accident happen?
el asunto fue así... — it happened like this...
b) ( en preguntas)ser de algo/alguien: ¿qué habrá sido de él? I wonder what happened to o what became of him; ¿qué es de Marisa? (fam) what's Marisa up to (these days)? (colloq); ¿qué va a ser de nosotros? — what will become of us?
3) ( sumar)¿cuánto es (todo)? — how much is that (altogether)?
son 3.000 pesos — that'll be o that's 3,000 pesos
cuatro y cuatro son ocho — four and four are o make eight
4) (causar, significar) to be5) ( resultar)6) ( consistir en) to belo importante es participar — the important o main thing is to take part
7) (indicando finalidad, adecuación)8) ( usado para enfatizar)fue aquí donde lo vi — this is where I saw him, it was here that I saw him
fui yo quien or la que lo dije fui yo quien or la que lo dijo — I was the one who said it, it was me that said it
9)es que...: ¿es que no lo saben? do you mean to say they don't know?; es que no sé nadar the thing is I can't swim; díselo, si es que te atreves — tell him, if you dare
10)lo que es... — (fam)
lo que es yo, no pienso hablarle más — I certainly have no intention of speaking to him again
lo que es saber idiomas! — it sure is something to be able to speak languages! (AmE), what it is to be able to speak languages! (BrE)
11) (en locs)a no ser que — (+ subj) unless
como debe ser: ¿ves como me acordé? - como debe ser! see, I did remember- I should think so too!; los presentó uno por uno, como debe ser she introduced them one by one, as you should; ¿cómo es eso? why is that?, how come? (colloq); como/cuando/donde sea: tengo que conseguir ese trabajo como sea I have to get that job no matter what; hazlo como sea, pero hazlo do it any way o however you want but get it done; puedo dormir en el sillón o donde sea I can sleep in the armchair or wherever you like o anywhere you like; como ser (CS) such as; de no ser así (frml) should this not be the case (frml); de ser así (frml) should this be so o the case (frml); de no ser por...: de no ser por él,... if it hadn't been o if it weren't for him,...; eso es! that's it!, that's right!; lo que sea: cómete una manzana, o lo que sea have an apple or something; tú pagas tus mil pesos o lo que sea... you pay your thousand pesos or whatever...; estoy dispuesta a hacer lo que sea I'm prepared to do whatever it takes o anything; no sea que or no vaya a ser que (+ subj) in case; cierra la ventana, no sea or no vaya a ser que llueva close the window in case it rains; ten cuidado, no sea or no vaya a ser que lo eches todo a perder be careful or you'll ruin everything; o sea: los empleados de más antigüedad, o sea los que llevan aquí más de... longer serving employees, that is to say those who have been here more than...; o sea que no te interesa in other words, you're not interested; o sea que nunca lo descubriste so you never found out; (ya) sea..., (ya) sea... either..., or...; (ya) sea por caridad, (ya) sea por otra razón,... whether he did it out of charity or for some other reason,...; sea como sea: hay que impedirlo, sea como sea it must be prevented now matter how o at all costs; sea cuando sea whenever it is; sea quien sea le dices que no estoy whoever it is, tell them I'm not in; si no fuera/hubiera sido por... — if it wasn't o weren't/hadn't been for...
12) ( en el tiempo) to be¿qué fecha es hoy? — what's the date today?, what's today's date
¿qué día es hoy? — what day is it today?
3.serían las cuatro cuando llegó — it must have been (about) four (o'clock) when she arrived; ver tb verbo impersonal
ser v impers to be4.ser v aux ( en la voz pasiva)IIser + pp — to be + pp
1)a) ( ente) beingb) (individuo, persona)2)a) ( naturaleza)b) ( carácter esencial) essence3) (Fil) being* * *I 1.1) ( seguido de adjetivos) to be[ ser expresses identity or nature as opposed to condition or state, which is normally conveyed by estar. The examples given below should be contrasted with those to be found in estar 1 cópula 1]es inglés/rubio/católico — he's English/fair/(a) Catholic
era cierto/posible — it was true/possible
sé bueno, estáte quieto — be a good boy and keep still
que seas muy feliz — I hope you'll be very happy; (+ me/te/le etc)
para serte sincero — to be honest with you, to tell you the truth
siempre le he sido fiel — I've always been faithful to her; ver tb verbo intransitivo I 5
¿éste es o se hace?/¿tú eres o te haces? — (AmL fam) is he/are you stupid or something? (colloq)
2) ( hablando de estado civil) to beel mayor es casado/divorciado — the oldest is married/divorced
3) (seguido de nombre, pronombre, sintagma nominal) to besoy peluquera/abogada — I'm a hairdresser/a lawyer
ábreme, soy Mariano/yo — open the door, it's Mariano/it's me
por ser usted, haremos una excepción — for you o since it's you, we'll make an exception
dame cualquiera que no sea ése — give me any one except o but that one
4) (con predicado introducido por `de')es de los vecinos — it belongs to the neighbors, it's the neighbors'
este libro no es de aquí — this book doesn't go o belong here
ésa es de las que... — she's one of those people who..., she's the sort of person who...
ser de lo que no hay — (fam) to be incredible (colloq)
5) (hipótesis, futuro)2.¿será cierto? — can it be true?
ser vi1)a) ( existir) to beb) (liter) ( en cuentos)érase una vez... — once upon a time there was...
2)a) (tener lugar, ocurrir)¿dónde fue el accidente? — where did the accident happen?
el asunto fue así... — it happened like this...
b) ( en preguntas)ser de algo/alguien: ¿qué habrá sido de él? I wonder what happened to o what became of him; ¿qué es de Marisa? (fam) what's Marisa up to (these days)? (colloq); ¿qué va a ser de nosotros? — what will become of us?
3) ( sumar)¿cuánto es (todo)? — how much is that (altogether)?
son 3.000 pesos — that'll be o that's 3,000 pesos
cuatro y cuatro son ocho — four and four are o make eight
4) (causar, significar) to be5) ( resultar)6) ( consistir en) to belo importante es participar — the important o main thing is to take part
7) (indicando finalidad, adecuación)8) ( usado para enfatizar)fue aquí donde lo vi — this is where I saw him, it was here that I saw him
fui yo quien or la que lo dije fui yo quien or la que lo dijo — I was the one who said it, it was me that said it
9)es que...: ¿es que no lo saben? do you mean to say they don't know?; es que no sé nadar the thing is I can't swim; díselo, si es que te atreves — tell him, if you dare
10)lo que es... — (fam)
lo que es yo, no pienso hablarle más — I certainly have no intention of speaking to him again
lo que es saber idiomas! — it sure is something to be able to speak languages! (AmE), what it is to be able to speak languages! (BrE)
11) (en locs)a no ser que — (+ subj) unless
como debe ser: ¿ves como me acordé? - como debe ser! see, I did remember- I should think so too!; los presentó uno por uno, como debe ser she introduced them one by one, as you should; ¿cómo es eso? why is that?, how come? (colloq); como/cuando/donde sea: tengo que conseguir ese trabajo como sea I have to get that job no matter what; hazlo como sea, pero hazlo do it any way o however you want but get it done; puedo dormir en el sillón o donde sea I can sleep in the armchair or wherever you like o anywhere you like; como ser (CS) such as; de no ser así (frml) should this not be the case (frml); de ser así (frml) should this be so o the case (frml); de no ser por...: de no ser por él,... if it hadn't been o if it weren't for him,...; eso es! that's it!, that's right!; lo que sea: cómete una manzana, o lo que sea have an apple or something; tú pagas tus mil pesos o lo que sea... you pay your thousand pesos or whatever...; estoy dispuesta a hacer lo que sea I'm prepared to do whatever it takes o anything; no sea que or no vaya a ser que (+ subj) in case; cierra la ventana, no sea or no vaya a ser que llueva close the window in case it rains; ten cuidado, no sea or no vaya a ser que lo eches todo a perder be careful or you'll ruin everything; o sea: los empleados de más antigüedad, o sea los que llevan aquí más de... longer serving employees, that is to say those who have been here more than...; o sea que no te interesa in other words, you're not interested; o sea que nunca lo descubriste so you never found out; (ya) sea..., (ya) sea... either..., or...; (ya) sea por caridad, (ya) sea por otra razón,... whether he did it out of charity or for some other reason,...; sea como sea: hay que impedirlo, sea como sea it must be prevented now matter how o at all costs; sea cuando sea whenever it is; sea quien sea le dices que no estoy whoever it is, tell them I'm not in; si no fuera/hubiera sido por... — if it wasn't o weren't/hadn't been for...
12) ( en el tiempo) to be¿qué fecha es hoy? — what's the date today?, what's today's date
¿qué día es hoy? — what day is it today?
3.serían las cuatro cuando llegó — it must have been (about) four (o'clock) when she arrived; ver tb verbo impersonal
ser v impers to be4.ser v aux ( en la voz pasiva)IIser + pp — to be + pp
1)a) ( ente) beingb) (individuo, persona)2)a) ( naturaleza)b) ( carácter esencial) essence3) (Fil) being* * *ser11 = being, creature.Ex: A feeling of unshielded relief filled Pope's whole being.
Ex: Stories that lead to doing things are all the more attractive to children, who are active rather than passive creatures.* abducción por seres extraterrestres = alien abduction.* alimentación del ser humano = human nutrition.* llegada de seres extraterrestres = alien visitation.* nutrición del ser humano = human nutrition.* ser consecuente con Uno mismo = be true to + Reflexivo.* ser extraterrestre = alien creature.* ser fiel con Uno mismo = be true to + Reflexivo.* ser humano = human being, human, human person.* ser inteligente = intelligent being.* ser pensante = sentient being.* ser superior = supreme being, higher being, superior being.* ser supremo = supreme being.* ser todo un éxito = hit + a home run, knock it out of + the park.* ser vivo = living being, sentient being.* todo ser humano = every living soul.* tráfico de seres humanos = trafficking in human beings.* trata de seres humanos = trafficking in human beings.ser22 = be, take + the form of, stand as.Ex: Systems such as Dialog, IRS, ORBIT and BLAISE may be accessed by libraries and information units.
Ex: Hierarchical relationships may also take the form of co-ordinate relationships, in which case they may be represented by 'RT' or related term, in a similar manner to affinitive relationships below.Ex: Meantime, our new library stand as as a confident symbol of the importance of ALL librarires to the nation's cultural, educational and economic success.* anhelar ser = ache to be.* a no ser que = unless.* así es = that's how it is.* así sea = amen.* así son las cosas = that's they way things are.* centrado en el ser humano = anthropocentric.* clonación del ser humano = human cloning.* como es el caso de = as it is with.* cómo + ser = what + be like.* conseguir ser el centro de atención = capture + spotlight.* continuar siendo importante = remain + big.* crearse el prestigio de ser = establish + a record as.* cualquiera que fuere = any... whatsoever.* cualquiera que fuese = any... whatsoever.* cualquiera que sea + Nombre = whichever + Nombre.* debilidad del ser humano = mankind's frailty.* dejar de ser útil = outlive + Posesivo + usefulness.* demostrar ser = prove + to be.* de tal forma que + ser/estar = in such form as to + be.* dicho sea de paso = by the by(e).* dime con quién andas y te diré quién eres = you are known by the company you keep.* dinero + ser para = money + go towards.* el + Nombre + es inestimable = the + Nombre + cannot be overestimated.* el ser barato = cheapness.* el sueño de todo ser viviente = the stuff dreams are made of.* entrar sin ser visto = sneak into.* es = it's [it is].* esa es la cuestión = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.* esa es la dificultad = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.* es decir = i.e. (latín - id est), in other words, that is, that is to say, which is to say.* es de deducir que = it follows that.* es de destacar que = significantly.* es de esperar = hopefully.* es de esperar que = all being well.* es de resaltar que = significantly.* es de suponer que = presumably.* ese es el asunto = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.* ese es el problema = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.* es el momento adecuado = the moment is ripe, the time is ripe.* es el momento oportuno = the moment is ripe, the time is ripe.* es evidente = clearly.* es importante destacar = importantly.* es inevitable que = inevitably.* es interesante que = interestingly.* es lo que a mí me parece = my two cents' worth.* es lo que yo pienso = my two cents' worth.* es más = more important, moreover.* es más fácil decirlo que hacerlo = easier said than done.* es mi opinión = my two cents' worth.* es mi parecer = my two cents' worth.* es por lo tanto deducible que = it therefore follows that.* es por lo tanto de esperar que = it therefore follows that.* es por lo tanto lógico que = it therefore follows that.* ¡esta es tu oportunidad! = here's your chance!.* estar siendo + Participio = be in process of + Nombre.* evitar ser afectado = escape + unaffected.* fue durante mucho tiempo = long remained.* haber sido aceptado = be here to stay, have come + to stay.* haber sido comprobado exhaustivamente = be thoroughly tested.* la razón de ser = the reason for being.* la verdad sea dicha = to tell the truth.* llegar a ser = become, develop into.* llegar a ser conocido como = become + known as.* lo que es aun peor = worse still.* lo que es peor = what's worse.* lo que haya que de ser, será = que sera sera, what's meant to be, will be, whatever will be, will be.* lo que + ser = what + be like.* lo que tenga que ser, será = que sera sera, whatever will be, will be, what's meant to be, will be.* merecer ser mencionado = deserve + mention.* no ser aconsejable = be undesirable.* no ser + Adjetivo + Infinitivo = be less than + Adjetivo + Infinitivo.* no ser así ya = be no longer the case.* no ser bien visto = be in the doghouse.* no ser cobarde = be no chicken.* no ser consciente de = remain + unaware of.* no ser deseable = be undesirable.* no + ser + de sorprender que = it + be + not surprising that.* no ser fácil = be no picnic, not be easy.* no ser gran cosa = not add up to much, add up to + nothing.* no ser lo suficientemente bueno = not be good enough.* no ser más que = be nothing more than, be nothing but.* no ser nada = add up to + nothing.* no ser nada fácil = be hard-pushed to.* no ser ningún jovencito = be no chicken.* no ser ni una cosa ni otra = fall between + two stools.* no ser sino = be nothing but.* no ser una gran pérdida = be no great loss.* no ser un lecho de rosas = be not all roses.* no ser verdad = be untrue.* no somos todos iguales = one size doesn't fit all.* no tener razón de ser + Infinitivo = there + be + no sense in + Gerundio.* para ser específico = to be specific.* para ser franco = in all honesty.* para ser sincero = to be honest, in all honesty.* pasar a ser = become, develop into.* por ser + Adjetivo = as being + Adjetivo.* por si fuera poco = to boot, to add salt to injury, to rub salt in the wound.* posible de ser consultado por máquina = machine-viewable.* posible de ser visto en pantalla = displayable.* primer puesto + ser para = pride of place + go to.* puede muy bien ser = could well be.* puede muy bien ser que = it may well be that.* que fue = one-time.* que fue común antes = once-common.* que ha sido abordado con preguntas = accost.* que puede ser apilado = stacking.* razón de ser = point, raison d'etre, rationale, sense of purpose.* ser reconocido = gain + recognition.* resultar ser = prove + to be, turn out to be, happen + to be.* sea como sea = be that as it may, at all costs, at any cost, at any price, come hell or high water.* sea cual fuere = any... whatsoever, any... whatsoever.* sea cual fuese = any... whatsoever, any... whatsoever.* sea cual sea el criterio utilizado = by any standard(s).* sea lo que sea = whatever it is, be that as it may, call it what you want.* seamos realistas = face it, let's face it.* sean cuales sean = whatever they may be.* sentido del ser humano = human sense.* ser accesible a través de = be available through.* ser aceptado = take + hold, gain + acceptance, take off.* ser acertado = be spot on.* ser aconsejable = be welcome, be better served by, be in order.* ser acorde con = be commensurate with.* ser acuciante = be acute.* ser acusado de delito criminal = face + criminal charge.* ser adecuado = be right, stand up, fit + the bill.* ser + Adjetivo = get + Adjetivo.* ser + Adjetivo + para = have + a + Adjetivo + effect on.* ser afectado por = have + a high stake in.* ser aficionado a = be fond of.* ser afortunado = be lucky, strike + lucky.* ser agradable de oír = be good to hear.* ser agradable + Verbo = be neat to + Verbo.* ser algo bien conocido que = it + be + a (well)-known fact that.* ser algo bueno = be a good thing.* ser algo completamente distinto = be nothing of the sort.* ser algo común = be a fact of life, dominate + the scene, be a common occurrence, become + a common feature, be a part of life.* ser Algo demasiado difícil para = be in over + Posesivo + head, be out of + Posesivo + depth.* ser algo excepcional = be the exception rather than the rule, be in a league of its own.* ser algo fácil = be a cinch, be a doddle, be a breeze, be a picnic, be duck soup.* ser algo facilísimo = be a cinch, be a doddle, be a breeze, be a picnic, be duck soup.* ser algo habitual = become + a common feature, be a fact of life.* ser Algo imponente = loom + large.* ser algo inevitable = the (hand)writing + be + on the wall, see it + coming.* ser algo más profundo que = go + deeper than.* ser algo más serio que = go + deeper than.* ser algo (muy) bien sabido que = it + be + a (well)-known fact that.* ser algo muy claro = be a dead giveaway.* ser algo muy fácil de conseguir = be there for the taking.* ser Algo muy importante = loom + large.* ser algo muy obvio = be a dead giveaway.* ser algo muy poco frecuente = be a rare occurrence.* ser algo muy raro = be a rare occurrence.* ser algo muy revelador = be a giveaway.* ser algo natural para = be second nature to + Pronombre, come + naturally to.* ser algo normal = be a fact of life, become + a common feature, be a part of life.* ser algo permanente = be here to stay.* ser algo poco común = be the exception rather than the rule.* ser algo poco conocido que = it + be + a little known fact that.* ser algo poco frecuente = be a rare occurrence.* ser algo poco sabido que = it + be + a little known fact that.* ser algo por lo que = be a matter for/of.* ser algo por ver = be an open question.* ser algo que no ocurre con frecuencia = be a rare occurrence.* ser algo seguro = be a cinch, be a doddle, be a breeze, be a picnic, be duck soup.* ser algo útil para = be something in the hand for.* ser amado = loved-one.* ser amigo de = be buddies with.* ser analizado como una frase = be phrase parsed.* ser apreciado = receive + appreciation.* ser apropiado = be right.* ser aproximadamente + Número = be around + Número, be about + Número.* ser arrestado = be under arrest.* ser asequible = be available, become + available.* ser asequible a = be amenable to.* ser así = be the case (with), be just like that.* ser atacado = be under attack, come under + fire, be under assault.* ser atractivo = look + attractive, be popular in appeal.* ser atrevido = make + a bold statement.* ser atribuible a = be attributable to.* ser aun más = be all the more.* ser autosuficiente = stand on + Posesivo + own, self-serve.* ser autosuficiente económicamente = pay + Posesivo + own way.* ser avaricioso = have + Posesivo + cake and eat it.* ser bienvenido = be most welcome, make + welcome, be welcome.* ser bonito + Verbo = be neat to + Verbo.* ser buenísimo + Gerundio = be terrific at + Gerundio.* ser bueno = make + good + Nombre.* ser bueno en = be good at.* ser bueno para Alguien = be to + Posesivo + advantage.* ser cada vez más importante = increase in + importance.* ser capaz de = be capable of.* ser capaz de hacer cualquier cosa por = go to + any lengths to, go to + great lengths to.* ser característico de = be emblematic of.* ser carísimo = cost + be prohibitive.* ser caro = be steep.* ser casi seguro = be a good bet.* ser chiquito pero matón = punch above + Posesivo + weight.* ser chulo = be cool.* ser clavado a = be a dead ringer for.* ser cliente de una tienda = patronise + shop.* ser coherente = cohere.* ser como el día y la noche = different as night and day.* ser como hablar con la pared = be like talking to a brick wall.* ser como mínimo = be no less than.* ser como una esfera = wrap around.* ser como un círculo = wrap around.* ser como un libro abierto = be an open book.* ser complementario el uno del otro = be integral one to another.* ser complementarios = be integral one to another.* ser completamente diferente = be in a different league.* ser completo = be all inclusive.* ser común = be the case (with).* ser condenado a prisión = receive + prison sentence.* ser confuso = be deceiving.* ser conocido por = famously, have + a track record of.* ser conocido por todos = be out in the open.* ser consciente = sentient being.* ser consciente de = be alive to, be aware of, be cognisant of, be mindful of/that, become + cognisant of, be aware of, realise [realize, -USA].* ser consciente de + Posesivo + valía = be alive to + Posesivo + worth.* ser consciente + desafortunadamente = be painfully aware of.* ser contradictorio de = run + contrary to.* ser contraproducente = defeat + Posesivo + purpose, blowback.* ser contrario a = be contrary to, be hostile to.* ser conveniente + Infinitivo = be as well + Infinitivo, be well + Infinitivo.* ser correcto = be all right, be correct, be right.* ser cortés con = be civil towards.* ser costumbre = be customary.* ser creativo = be inventive.* ser creíble = invoke + belief.* ser criticado = be subjected to + criticism, be (the) subject of/to criticism, take + heat, come under + fire.* ser crucial (para) = be central (to).* ser cuestión de = come down to.* ser culpable = be to blame.* ser culpable (por/de) = be at fault (for/to).* ser dado a = be amenable to, be apt to, be given to.* ser de = be a native of.* ser de alto nivel = be at a high level.* ser de armas tomar = be a (real) handful.* ser de ayuda = be of assistance.* ser debatible = be a moot point, be open to question, be open to debate, be at issue.* ser de calidad = be up to snuff, be up to scratch.* ser decisión de + Nombre = be down to + Nombre.* ser de contenido + Adjetivo = be + Adjetivo + in content.* ser de crecimiento rápido = be a quick grower.* ser de difícil acceso = tuck away.* ser de dominio público = be public domain.* ser deficiente = be wanting.* ser definitivo = be final.* ser de gran ayuda para = be a boon to.* ser de gran beneficio para = be of great benefit to.* ser de importancia primordial = be of key importance.* ser de importancia vital = lie at + the heart of.* ser de interés para = be of interest (to/for).* ser dejado en la obligación de Uno = be derelict in + duty.* ser de la izquierda = be of the left.* ser de la noche = night creature.* ser de la opinión de que = be of the opinion that, be of the view that.* ser del gusto de Uno = be to + Posesivo + taste.* ser del orden de + Número = be of the order of + Número.* ser de los que piensan que = subscribe to + view.* ser demasiado = be over-provided, be a mouthful.* ser demasiado + Adjetivo = be too + Adjetivo + by half.* ser demasiado complaciente = lean over + too far backwards.* ser demasiado común = be all too common.* ser demasiado para = be too much for, be too much for.* ser demasiado precavido = err + on the side of caution.* ser demasiado preciso = put + too fine a point on, split + hairs.* ser demasiado quisquilloso = put + too fine a point on, split + hairs.* ser demasiado tarde para echar atrás = reach + the point of no return.* ser de mucho uso = take + Nombre + a long way.* ser de número limitado = be limited in number.* ser de origen + Adjetivo = be + Adjetivo + in origin.* ser de poco valor = be of little use, be of little value.* ser de primera categoría = be top notch.* ser de raza negra o de piel morena = be coloured.* ser de sabios = be a point of wisdom.* ser desacertado = miss + the mark, miss + the point.* ser desastroso = spell + bad news, be a shambles, be (in) a mess.* ser desconocido para = be alien to.* ser descorazonador = be dispiriting.* ser desoído = be unheeded.* ser despiadado = play + hardball.* ser detenido = be under arrest.* ser de un solo uso = be a one-trip pony.* ser de un tipo diferente = be different in kind, differ in + kind (from).* ser de un valor especial = be of particular value.* ser de uso general = be in general use, be generally available.* ser de utilidad = be of use.* ser de utilidad a = be of service to.* ser diestro en = be skilled at.* ser difícil = be a stretch.* ser difícil de bregar = be a (real) handful.* ser difícil de conseguir = be hard to get.* ser difícil de creer = beggar + belief.* ser difícil de encontrar = be hard to find.* ser difícil de lograr = be hard to get.* ser difícil de superar = take + some beating.* ser digno de = merit.* ser digno de admiración = deserve + admiration.* ser digno de crítica = merit + a critical eye.* ser digno de + Infinitivo = be worth + Gerundio.* ser diplomático = say + the right thing.* ser discutible = be open to question, be open to debate, be at issue.* ser dogmático = be dogmatic.* ser dos mundos completamente distintos = be poles apart.* ser dudoso = be doubtful.* ser duro = play + hardball.* ser eficaz para + Infinitivo = be efficient at + Gerundio.* ser el acabóse = take + the biscuit, take + the cake, be the limit.* ser el alma de = be the life of, be the life and soul of.* ser el asunto = be the point.* ser el beneficiario de = be on the receiving end of.* ser el blanco de = be a pushover for.* ser el blanco de las críticas = come under + fire.* ser el canalizador de = be the conduit for.* ser el capitán = skipper, captain.* ser el caso (de) = be the case (with).* ser el centro de atención = steal + the limelight, steal + the show, cut + a dash.* ser el centro de todas las miradas = cut + a dash.* ser el colmo = be the last straw, bring + the situation to a head, take + the biscuit, take + the cake, be the limit.* ser el contrincante más débil = punch above + Posesivo + weight.* ser el culo del mundo = be the pits.* ser elegido = get in.* ser elevado = be steep.* ser el éxito de la fiesta = steal + the limelight, steal + the show.* ser el fin de = sign + a death warrant (for).* ser el jefe = be in charge, call + the shots, be the boss, call + the tune, rule + the roost.* ser el límite = be the limit.* ser el mandamás = call + the shots, be the boss, call + the tune, rule + the roost.* ser el más afectado por = bear + the brunt of.* ser el máximo = be the limit.* ser el momento clave = mark + the watershed.* ser el momento (de) = be the time to.* ser el momento decisivo = mark + the watershed.* ser el momento de/para = it + be + time to/for.* ser el objetivo de Uno = be in business for.* ser el orgullo de = be the pride and joy of.* ser el origen de = provide + the material for.* ser el paraje natural de = be home to.* ser el preludio = usher in.* ser el primero = be second to none, come out on + top.* ser el primero en = lead + the way in.* ser el primero en + Infinitivo = take + the lead in + Gerundio.* ser el punto de partida de = form + the basis of.* ser el punto más débil de Alguien = be at + Posesivo + weakest.* ser el punto más flaco de Alguien = be at + Posesivo + weakest.* ser el que con mayor frecuencia = be (the) most likely to.* ser el que con menor frecuencia = be (the) least likely to.* ser el resultado de = follow from, result from.* ser el segundo de a bordo = play + second fiddle.* ser el último grito = be all the rage.* ser el último mono ser el último mono = feel + pulled and tugged.* ser emblemático de = be emblematic of.* ser en balde = be of no avail, be to no avail.* ser en cierto modo un + Nombre = be something of a + Nombre.* ser en vano = be of no avail, be to no avail.* ser enviado a = have + the lead to.* ser equiparable a = be commensurate with.* ser erróneo = be wide of the mark, be wrong.* ser escaso = be few and far between, be in short supply.* ser esclavo de = be slave to.* ser estupendo = sound + great, be fine and dandy.* ser estúpido = be off + Posesivo + rocker.* ser exigente al elegir = pick and choose.* ser exigente al escoger = pick and choose.* ser experto en = be skilled at.* ser expulsado de = be dropped from.* ser extraño para = be alien to.* ser extremadamente + Adjetivo = be too + Adjetivo + by half.* ser fácil = be easy.* ser fácil de conseguir = be readily available.* ser facilísimo = be a snap, be a piece of cake.* ser factible de = be amenable to.* ser familiar = strike + familiar chords, ring + a bell.* ser famoso = gain + recognition, be popular.* ser famoso por = famously, have + a track record of.* ser favorable = be a plus.* ser ficticio = be fiction.* ser fiel a = cleave to.* ser fructífero = come to + fruition.* ser goloso = have + a sweet tooth.* ser grosero con = be abusive of.* ser hábil para = be adroit at.* ser habitual = be customary.* ser harina de otro costal = be a different kettle of fish.* ser hipertenso = be hyper.* ser hora de = it + be + time to/for.* ser hora de definirse = time to climb off the fence.* ser hora de irse = be time to go.* ser hora de marcharse = be time to go.* ser hora ya de que = be about time (that), be high time (that/to/for).* ser humilde = hide + Posesivo + light under a bushel.* sería mejor que + Subjuntivo = better + Infinitivo.* ser ideal = suit + best, be just the thing, be just the ticket, be just the job.* ser ideal para Uno = be (right) up + Posesivo + alley, be + Posesivo + cup of tea.* ser idóneo para = be suited to.* ser ignorado = be unheeded.* ser igual a = be equivalent to, equal.* ser igual que = amount to + the same thing as.* ser ilegal = be against the law.* ser ilimitado = be boundless.* ser implacable = play + hardball.* ser imponente = be awe-inspiring.* ser importante = be of importance, make + a difference, be of consequence.* ser importantísimo = make + all the difference in the world, make + difference in the world.* ser importantísimo (para) = be central (to).* ser imposible = be dead meat.* ser imprescindible = be a must.* ser improcedente = be out of order.* ser imprudente = be reckless.* ser inalterable = set in + stone, set in + tablets of stone.* ser incapaz de = be unable to.* ser incoherente = Negativo + hold + water.* ser incompatible (con) = be irreconcilable (with).* ser inconsistente = Negativo + hold + water.* ser increíble = beggar + belief.* ser independiente = go + Posesivo + own way, stew in + Posesivo + own juice, stand on + Posesivo + own (two) feet.* ser indescriptible = beggar + description.* ser indispensable = be a must.* ser ineficaz = fire + blanks.* ser infundado = be unfounded.* ser inherente a = inhere in.* ser inimaginable = beggar + imagination.* ser inminente = be on the cards.* ser inmune a = be immune from, be immune against.* ser innovador = break + new ground, break + ground.* ser innumerable = be without number, be legion.* ser innumerables = run into + the thousands.* ser insignificante = pale into + insignificance, stick + Algo + on a pin-point, be of no consequence.* ser insignificante de = be slight in.* ser inteligente = be talented.* ser interesante = be of interest (to/for).* ser interesante + Infinitivo = be as well + Infinitivo, be well + Infinitivo.* ser interesante + Verbo = be neat to + Verbo.* ser interminable = there + be + no end to.* ser intransigente = play + hardball.* ser inútil = fire + blanks.* ser irrespetuoso con = disrespect, diss.* ser justo = play + fair.* ser justo con todos = give the devil his due.* ser justo hasta con el diablo = give the devil his due.* ser justo lo que se necesita = be just the thing, be just the ticket, be just the job.* ser justo lo que Uno necesita = be (right) up + Posesivo + alley.* ser justo que = there + be + justice in.* ser juzgado = stand + trial, stand for + trial.* ser la abreviatura de = be short for.* ser la base de = be at the core of, form + the basis of, be at the heart of.* ser la ciudad de = be home to.* ser la clave de = hold + the key to.* ser la comidilla del barrio = be the talk of the town.* ser la comidilla del pueblo = be the talk of the town.* ser la consecuencia de = follow from, result from.* ser la costumbre = be customary.* ser la cuestión = be the point.* ser la culminación de Algo = represent + the culmination of, mark + the culmination of.* ser la culpa de = be the fault of.* ser la debilidad de Alguien = be a sucker for.* ser la elección lógica = be a/the natural choice.* ser la elección natural = be a/the natural choice.* ser la excepción = be the exception.* ser la excepción a la regla = constitute + the exception to the rule.* ser la excepción que confirma la regla = be the exception rather than the rule.* ser la forma abreviada de = be short for.* ser la forma de = be a recipe for.* ser la fórmula para = be a recipe for.* ser la gota que colma el vaso = bring + the situation to a head.* ser la idea central de = be at the core of, be at the heart of.* ser la imagen de = be a picture of.* ser la intención = be the intention.* ser la intención de uno = be + Posesivo + intention.* ser la manera de = be a recipe for.* ser la materia prima de = be grist to + Posesivo + mill.* ser la mayoría = be in the majority.* ser la mejor alternativa = be the best bet.* ser la mejor manera de = be the conduit for.* ser lamentable = be a pity.* ser la minoría = be in the minority.* ser la norma = be the norm, be the rule, become + the norm.* ser la novedad = be on the scene.* ser la obra de = be the work of.* ser la persona ideal para = be the best placed to.* ser la persona más indicada para = be in a position to.* ser la propia responsabilidad de Alguien = be of + Posesivo + own making.* ser la prueba de fuego de Algo = test + Nombre + to the limit.* ser la punta de lanza de = spearhead.* ser la razón de = lie at + the root of.* ser la representación misma de = be a picture of.* ser la responsabilidad de = be the responsibility of.* ser la responsabilidad de Alguien + Infinitivo = it + lie with + Nombre/Pronombre + to + Infinitivo.* ser la última palabra = be all the rage.* ser la última persona del mundo que + Infinitivo = be one of the last people in the world to + Infinitivo.* ser lector de una biblioteca = library membership.* ser lento = be slow off the mark, be slow off the blocks.* ser líder en = take + the lead in + Gerundio.* ser lo de Uno = be cut out for, be (right) up + Posesivo + alley.* ser lo más parecido a = be as close as we come to.* ser lo mismo = be one and the same.* ser lo normal = be the order of the day.* ser lo principal de = be at the core of, be at the heart of.* ser lo que a Uno le encanta = be (right) up + Posesivo + alley.* ser lo que a Uno le gusta = be (right) up + Posesivo + alley, be + Posesivo + cup of tea.* ser lo que a Uno le interesa = be (right) up + Posesivo + alley, be + Posesivo + cup of tea.* ser lo que a Uno le va = be (right) up + Posesivo + alley.* ser lo que a Uno más le gusta = be + Posesivo + big scene.* ser lo que nos espera = be the shape of things to come.* ser lo suficientemente + Adjetivo + como para = be + Adjetivo + enough to.* ser lo suficientemente comprensivo = go + far enough.* ser lo suficientemente conocido como para que = be sufficiently well known for.* serlo todo para todos = be all things to all men, be all things to all people.* ser lo último = be all the rage, be the pits.* ser lo último en = become + the next stop in.* ser lo último en lo que + pensar = be the last thing of + Posesivo + mind.* ser lo último que + ocurrir + a Alguien = be the last thing of + Posesivo + mind.* ser magnífico + Gerundio = be terrific at + Gerundio.* ser malo = be a joke, spell + bad news, make + poor + Nombre.* ser maravilloso = sound + great.* ser más astuto que = outfox, outwit, outsmart.* ser más interno = inner being.* ser más un + Nombre = be more of a + Nombre.* ser mayor = be older.* ser mejor en = be better at.* ser mejor que = be superior to, compare + favourably.* ser mejor que + Subjuntivo = better + Infinitivo.* ser menor = be less.* ser menos + Adjetivo = be less of a(n) + Nombre.* ser mínimo = be at a minimum.* ser mirado de forma extraña = get + some funny looks.* ser modesto = hide + Posesivo + light under a bushel.* ser molesto = be disturbing.* ser moroso = be in default.* ser motivador = be motivating.* ser motivo de preocupación = loom + large.* ser mucho = be a mouthful.* ser mucho más = be all the more.* ser mucho más que = be far more than.* ser muy aconsejable que = be well advised to.* ser muy alto = be metres high.* ser muy amigo de = be pally with.* ser muy antiguo = go ba* * */ser/= Sociedad Española de Radiodifusión* * *
ser ( conjugate ser) cópula
1 ( seguido de adjetivos) to be◊ ser expresses identity or nature as opposed to condition or state, which is normally conveyed by estar. The examples given below should be contrasted with those to be found in estar 1 cópula 1 es bajo/muy callado he's short/very quiet;
es sorda de nacimiento she was born deaf;
es inglés/católico he's English/(a) Catholic;
era cierto it was true;
sé bueno, estate quieto be a good boy and keep still;
que seas muy feliz I hope you'll be very happy;
(+ me/te/le etc)
ver tb imposible, difícil etc
2 ( hablando de estado civil) to be;
es viuda she's a widow;
ver tb estar 1 cópula 2
3 (seguido de nombre, pronombre) to be;
ábreme, soy yo open the door, it's me
4 (con predicado introducido por `de'):
soy de Córdoba I'm from Cordoba;
es de los vecinos it belongs to the neighbors, it's the neighbors';
no soy de aquí I'm not from around here
5 (hipótesis, futuro):
¿será cierto? can it be true?
verbo intransitivo
1
b) (liter) ( en cuentos):◊ érase una vez … once upon a time there was …
2a) (tener lugar, ocurrir):
¿dónde fue el accidente? where did the accident happen?b) ( en preguntas):◊ ¿qué habrá sido de él? I wonder what happened to o what became of him;
¿qué es de Marisa? (fam) what's Marisa up to (these days)? (colloq);
¿qué va a ser de nosotros? what will become of us?
3 ( sumar):◊ ¿cuánto es (todo)? how much is that (altogether)?;
son 3.000 pesos that'll be o that's 3,000 pesos;
somos diez en total there are ten of us altogether
4 (indicando finalidad, adecuación) ser para algo to be for sth;
( en locs)
¿cómo es eso? why is that?, how come? (colloq);
como/cuando/donde sea: tengo que conseguir ese trabajo como sea I have to get that job no matter what;
hazlo como sea, pero hazlo do it any way o however you want but get it done;
el lunes o cuando sea next Monday or whenever;
puedo dormir en el sillón o donde sea I can sleep in the armchair or wherever you like o anywhere you like;
de ser así (frml) should this be so o the case (frml);
¡eso es! that's it!, that's right!;
es que …: ¿es que no lo saben? do you mean to say they don't know?;
es que no sé nadar the thing is I can't swim;
lo que sea: cómete una manzana, o lo que sea have an apple or something;
estoy dispuesta a hacer lo que sea I'm prepared to do whatever it takes;
o sea: en febrero, o sea hace un mes in February, that is to say a month ago;
o sea que no te interesa in other words, you're not interested;
o sea que nunca lo descubriste so you never found out;
(ya) sea …, (ya) sea … either …, or …;
sea como sea at all costs;
sea cuando sea whenever it is;
sea donde sea no matter where;
sea quien sea whoever it is;
si no fuera/hubiera sido por … if it wasn't o weren't/hadn't been for …
( en el tiempo) to be;◊ ¿qué fecha es hoy? what's the date today?, what's today's date;
serían las cuatro cuando llegó it must have been (about) four (o'clock) when she arrived;
ver tb v impers
ser v impers to be;
ser v aux ( en la voz pasiva) to be;
fue construido en 1900 it was built in 1900
■ sustantivo masculino
1
◊ ser humano/vivo human/living beingb) (individuo, persona):
2 ( naturaleza):
ser
I sustantivo masculino
1 being: es un ser despreciable, he's despicable
ser humano, human being
ser vivo, living being
2 (esencia) essence: eso forma parte de su ser, that is part of him
II verbo intransitivo
1 (cualidad) to be: eres muy modesto, you are very modest
2 (fecha) to be: hoy es lunes, today is Monday
ya es la una, it's one o'clock
3 (cantidad) eran unos cincuenta, there were about fifty people
(al pagar) ¿cuánto es?, how much is it?
son doscientas, it is two hundred pesetas
Mat dos y tres son cinco, two and three make five
4 (causa) aquella mujer fue su ruina, that woman was his ruin
5 (oficio) to be a(n): Elvira es enfermera, Elvira is a nurse
6 (pertenencia) esto es mío, that's mine
es de Pedro, it is Pedro's
7 (afiliación) to belong: es del partido, he's a member of the party
es un chico del curso superior, he is a boy from the higher year
8 (origen) es de Málaga, she is from Málaga
¿de dónde es esta fruta? where does this fruit come from?
9 (composición, material) to be made of: este jersey no es de lana, this sweater is not (made of) wool
10 ser de, (afinidad, comparación) lo que hizo fue de tontos, what she did was a foolish thing
11 (existir) Madrid ya no es lo que era, Madrid isn't what it used to be
12 (suceder) ¿qué fue de ella?, what became of her?
13 (tener lugar) to be: esta tarde es el entierro, the funeral is this evening 14 ser para, (finalidad) to be for: es para pelar patatas, it's for peeling potatoes
(adecuación, aptitud) no es una película para niños, the film is not suitable for children
esta vida no es para ti, this kind of life is not for you
15 (efecto) era para llorar, it was painful
es (como) para darle una bofetada, it makes me want to slap his face
no es para tomárselo a broma, it is no joke
16 (auxiliar en pasiva) to be: fuimos rescatados por la patrulla de la Cruz Roja, we were rescued by the Red Cross patrol
17 ser de (+ infinitivo) era de esperar que se marchase, it was to be expected that she would leave
♦ Locuciones: a no ser que, unless
como sea, anyhow
de no ser por..., had it not been for
es más, furthermore
es que..., it's just that...
lo que sea, whatever
o sea, that is (to say)
sea como sea, in any case o be that as it may
ser de lo que no hay, to be the limit
' ser' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
A
- acceder
- además
- aficionada
- aficionado
- alardear
- alcanzar
- alimentar
- alta
- alto
- ambicionar
- antigüedad
- aparición
- arma
- atinar
- atorarse
- aúpa
- babear
- básica
- básico
- bendición
- caber
- cacho
- cada
- cafetera
- cafetero
- calco
- callo
- canela
- cansada
- cansado
- cantar
- capaz
- capirote
- carácter
- cardo
- carne
- carné
- caso
- cero
- colarse
- comida
- comidilla
- comido
- conmigo
- conquistador
- conquistadora
- contagiarse
- contemplar
- contienda
English:
accountable
- addicted
- adjust
- allow
- allowance
- ambition
- amount to
- anathema
- anomaly
- arduous
- around
- aspire
- aware
- bad
- be
- beating
- being
- belong
- betray
- big
- bill
- bind over
- bird
- booby trap
- boring
- bounce
- can
- carry
- catch up
- cerebral
- ceremonial
- ceremony
- charm
- chip
- claim
- come into
- come under
- connoisseur
- court
- degree
- deserve
- destroy
- differ
- do
- dodger
- doubly
- due
- ear
- easy
- edit
* * *ser The auxiliary verb ser is used with the past participle of a verb to form the passive (e.g. la película fue criticada the movie was criticized).♦ v aux[para formar la voz pasiva] to be;fue visto por un testigo he was seen by a witness;la propuesta es debatida o [m5] está siendo debatida en el parlamento the proposal is being debated in parliament♦ v copulativo1. [con adjetivos, sustantivos, pronombres] [indica cualidad, identidad, condición] to be;es alto/gracioso he's tall/funny;soy chileno/chiapaneco I'm Chilean/from Chiapas;es azul/difícil it's blue/difficult;sé discreta/paciente be discreet/patient;es un amigo/el dueño he's a friend/the owner;son unos amigos míos they're friends of mine;es el cartero/tu madre it's the postman o US mailman/your mother;soy yo, ábreme open up, it's me;soy Víctor [al teléfono] it's Víctor;la casa es aquella de ahí the house is that one over there;es un tipo muy simpático he's a very nice guy;¿es eso verdad? is that true?;eso no es cierto that isn't true;es obvio que le gustas it's obvious that he likes you;no es necesario ir it isn't necessary to go;es posible que llueva it may rain;no está mal para ser de segunda mano it's not bad considering it's second-hand;no pierde sus derechos por ser inmigrante just because he's an immigrant doesn't mean he doesn't have any rights;te lo dejo en la mitad por ser tú seeing as o because it's you, I'll let you have it half-price;por ser usted, señora, 15 euros to you, madam, 15 euros;que seas muy feliz I wish you every happiness, I hope you'll be very happy;¡será imbécil el tipo! the guy must be stupid!;este restaurante ya no es lo que era this restaurant isn't as good as it used to be o isn't what it used to be;RP Famser loco por algo to be wild about sth2. [con sustantivos, adjetivos] [indica empleo, dedicación, estado civil, religión] to be;soy abogado/actriz I'm a lawyer/an actress;son estudiantes they're students;para ser juez hay que trabajar mucho you have to work very hard to be o become a judge;es padre de tres hijos he's a father of three;es soltero/casado/divorciado he's single/married/divorced;era viuda she was a widow;son budistas/protestantes they are Buddhists/Protestants;el que fuera gobernador del estado the former governor of the state;Am Fam¿tú eres o te haces? are you stupid or what?;RP Fam¿vos sos o te hacés? are you stupid or what?[provenir de] to be from; [pertenecer a] to belong to;un juguete que es todo de madera a completely wooden toy, a toy made completely of wood;¿de dónde eres? where are you from?;estas pilas son de una linterna these batteries are from a torch;¿es de usted este abrigo? is this coat yours?, does this coat belong to you?;los juguetes son de mi hijo the toys are my son's;portarse así es de cobardes only cowards behave like that, it's cowardly to behave like that¿de qué equipo eres? [aficionado] which team o who do you support?;soy del Barcelona I support Barcelona;ser de los que… to be one of those people who…;ése es de los que están en huelga he is one of those on strike;no es de las que se asustan por cualquier cosa she's not one to get scared easily♦ vi1. [ocurrir, tener lugar] to be;fue aquí it was here;¿cuándo es la boda? when's the wedding?;la final era ayer the final was yesterday;¿cómo fue lo de tu accidente? how did your accident happen?;¿qué fue de aquel amigo tuyo? what happened to that friend of yours?;¿qué es de Pablo? how's Pablo (getting on)?2. [constituir, consistir en] to be;fue un acierto que nos quedáramos en casa we were right to stay at home;lo importante es decidirse the important thing is to reach a decision;su ambición era dar la vuelta al mundo her ambition was to travel round the world;tratar así de mal a la gente es buscarse problemas treating people so badly is asking for trouble3. [con fechas, horas] to be;¿qué (día) es hoy? what day is it today?, what's today?;hoy es jueves today's Thursday, it's Thursday today;¿qué (fecha) es hoy? what's the date today?, what date is it today?;mañana será 15 de julio tomorrow (it) will be 15 July;¿qué hora es? what time is it?, what's the time?;son las tres (de la tarde) it's three o'clock (in the afternoon), it's three (pm);4. [con precios] to be;¿cuánto es? how much is it?;son 300 pesos that'll be 300 pesos;¿a cómo son esos tomates? how much are those tomatoes?5. [con cifras, en operaciones] to be;ellos eran unos 500 there were about 500 of them;11 por 100 son 1.100 11 times 100 is 1,100este trapo es para (limpiar) las ventanas this cloth is for (cleaning) the windows;este libro es para niños this book is for children;la ciudad no es para mí the city isn't for me7. [con "de" más infinitivo] [indica necesidad, posibilidad]es de desear que… it is to be hoped that…;era de esperar que pasara algo así it was to be expected that something like that would happen;es de suponer que aparecerá presumably, he'll turn up;es de temer cuando se enoja she's really scary when she gets angrylo que es a mí, no me llamaron they certainly didn't call me, they didn't call me, anyway;¿es que ya no te acuerdas? don't you remember any more, then?, you mean you don't remember any more?es que no vine porque estaba enfermo the reason I didn't come is that I was ill, I didn't come because I was ill, you see;¿cómo es que no te han avisado? how come they didn't tell you?10. Literario [existir]Platón, uno de los grandes sabios que en el mundo han sido Plato, one of the wisest men ever to walk this earthtengo que conseguirlo (sea) como sea I have to get it one way or another;hay que evitar (sea) como sea que se entere we have to prevent her from finding out at all costs o no matter what;hazlo cuando sea do it whenever;de no ser/haber sido por… if it weren't/hadn't been for…;de no ser por él no estaríamos vivos if it weren't for him, we wouldn't be alive;de no ser así otherwise;de ser así if that should happen;déjalo donde sea leave it anywhere o wherever;érase una vez, érase que se era once upon a time;dile lo que sea, da igual tell her anything o whatever, it doesn't make any difference;haré lo que sea para recuperar mi dinero I will do whatever it takes o anything to get my money back;se enfadó, y no era para menos she got angry, and not without reason;no sea que…, no vaya a ser que… in case…;la llamaré ahora no sea que luego me olvide I'll call her now in case I forget later;Estados Unidos y Japón, o sea, las dos economías mundiales más importantes the United States and Japan, that is to say o in other words, the two most important economies in the world;50 euros, o sea unas 8.300 pesetas 50 euros, that's about 8,300 pesetas;o sea que no quieres venir so you don't want to come then?;por si fuera poco as if that wasn't enough;habla con quien sea talk to anyone;sea quien sea no abras la puerta don't open the door, whoever it is;si no fuera/hubiera sido por… if it weren't/hadn't been for…;Amsiendo que… seeing that o as…, given that…;Amsiendo que tienes la plata, cómprate el vestido más caro seeing as o since you've got the money, buy yourself the more expensive dress♦ v impersonal[indica tiempo] to be;es muy tarde it's rather late;era de noche/de día it was night/day♦ nm1. [ente] being;seres de otro planeta beings from another planetser humano human being;Ser Supremo Supreme Being;los seres vivos living things2. [persona] person;sus seres queridos his loved ones4. [esencia, naturaleza] being;la quiero con todo mi ser I love her with all my being o soul* * *f abr (= Sociedad Española de Radiodifusión) network of independent Spanish radio stations* * *ser {77} vi1) : to beél es mi hermano: he is my brotherCamila es linda: Camila is pretty2) : to exist, to liveser, o no ser: to be or not to be3) : to take place, to occurel concierto es el domingo: the concert is on Sunday4) (used with expressions of time, date, season)son las diez: it's ten o'clockhoy es el 9: today's the 9th5) : to cost, to come to¿cuánto es?: how much is it?¿será posible?: can it be possible?7)ser de : to come fromsomos de Managua: we're from Managua8)ser de : to belong toese lápiz es de Juan: that's Juan's pencil9)es que : the thing is thates que no lo conozco: it's just that I don't know him¡sea! : agreed!, all right!sea... sea : either... orla cuenta ha sido pagada: the bill has been paidél fue asesinado: he was murderedser nm: beingser humano: human being* * *ser2 vb1. (en general) to be2. (estar hecho) to be made3. (pertenecer) to belongeste libro es de María this book belongs to María / this book is María's -
14 SÆKJA
* * *i. e. sœkja, an irregular verb, pres. sæki (sœki); pret. sótti, qs. sókti (as þótti from þykkja; cp. Engl. seek, sought); subj. sækti (sœkti); imperat. sæk, sæktú: part. sóttr, sótt (qs. sóktr, cp. þótt from þykkja); subj. sætti, Þkv. 14: [sak, sök, sók-n, referring to a lost strong verb, saka, sök; Ulf. sôkjan = ζητειν, αἰτειν; A. S. sêcan; Engl. seek; O. H. G. sohhjan; Germ. suchen; Dan. söge; Swed. söka.]A. To seek, fetch; ek mun fara heim ok s. mér bendi, Fms. iii. 209; s. sér skála-við, Nj. 280; s. sér kirkju-við, to fetch church-timber, Ld. 316; s. heilræði at e-m, Nj. 31; sækja vatn, to fetch water, Fas. ii. 29, Fb. i. 257, Fs. 100; gékk Gunnlaugr til lækjar eins ok sótti (vatn) í hjálminum, Ísl. ii. 269; er þér skyldra at s. Svanlaugu, Nj. 182; Kormakr sótti (Germ. abbolen) Steingerði, Korm. 228; skatt er Egill hafði sótt til Vermalands, Eg. 588; s. giptu á fund e-s., to fetch, derive good luck from, Fms. v. 253, 254.2. to visit, frequent (Germ. besuchen); enn aldna jötun ek sótta, Hm. 104; skyldi menn þangat til s. um alla Vestfjörðu, Eb. 26; sækja þing, to frequent a þing (þing-sókn); þeir vildueigi þangat s. þingit, Íb. 9; s. kirkju, to visit, frequent a church (kirkju-sókn); þessa brennu sótti margs-konar þjóð, Edda 38; sækja e-n at liðveizlu, to call on one for support, Fms. xi. 344; sækja e-n at eptirmáli, to seek one’s aid in …, Sturl. i. 193; hann var mikill málafylgis-maðr ef hann var at sóttr til ásjá, Bs. i. 82; s. or s. heim, to visit; fyrir því sótta ek þik heim, at mik hafði hér at landi borit, Eg. 165, (cp. heim-sókn, in a hostile sense), Nj. 107; hann sótti marga ókunna staði, Fms. vii. 199; sækja fuglar háleik lopts, Sks. 47 B; sækir Anselmus heim þat klaustr, Mar.; hann mundi aldri fljúga svá langt, at eigi mundi hann s. heim hönd, come back to the hand, Edda 70; s. fund e-s, Sturl. iii. 81; skyldi Bárðr s. norðr þangat ráðit, B. should go north to fetch his bride, Eg. 26; Sveinn sótti sér friðland, went in search of, Fms. x. 404; drottning býðr honum veizlu með svá mikið fjölmenni sem hann vill til hafa sótt, Orkn. 340; var blótveizla mikil ok sótti þar til konungr, Fms. i. 35; hann sækir á hönd Engla konungi, sought his service, Eg. 76; til Túnsbergs sóttu mjök kaupmenn, Fms. i. 11; at þér sækit norðr higat á várn fund, Sturl. iii. 81; þeir höfðu sótt ( advanced) langt á land upp, Fms. x. 239; þeir sækja ( advance) upp hólinn, Eg. 744; þá sækir ( arrives) sá maðr vestan af Írlandi er Haraldr hét, Fms. x. 418.3. to proceed, advance, absol.; er hann sótti langt austr, had advanced far eastward, Eg. 56; þá er þeir sóttu ofan at skipunum, Fms. vii. 159; er mornaði ok sól sótti á himin, Eg. 372, v. l.; þeir biðu þess at sólin sótti á himininn. Fms. viii. 114: impers., fór hann útleið, er suðr sótti, 82; þegar er ór sækir enum mesta háleik hafsins, Sks. 173 B; er síðar er á hausti ok nær meir sækir vetri, 225 B.4. to catch, overtake; fiðr hann geldinga ok fær eigi sótt, Ísl. ii. 331: to overcome, munu þeir mik aldri fá sótt meðan ek kem boganum við, Nj. 116; hann varðisk svá vel, at þeir fá eigi lengi sótt hann, 153; mér lízt ef þeir standa úti sem vér munim þá aldri sótta geta, 197; þangat sækir þik engi, … er þat eigi allra at s. hann þangat, 20, 21; mun ek eigi skjótt verða sóttr, Eb. 188: to carry, take, eigi mun eyin sótt verða, Fær. 98; her eru hiis ramlig, ok munu beir eigi skjótt sækja, Nj. 198; var áin allíll at sækja, the river was very bad to cross, Ld. ch. 15; býðr hann þeim at s. fjallit norðr í bygð, to cross the mountain, take that road, Bs. ii. 32.II. to attack; þá er hann (acc.) sótti þetta mein (nom.), Mar.; s. e-n með vápnum, Fms. ii. 172; griðungr sækir mann, Grág. ii. 122; s. e-n til dauðs. Stj. 99; samna liði ok s. hann norðr þangat, Nj. 20; þá er þeir sóttu Gunnar á Hlíðarenda inn í hús inn, Eb. 248; þeir sóttu þá hálfu djarfligar, 287.2. to pursue; hann lét þaðan s. útróðra ok selveiðar ok eggver, Eg. 135; Skallagrímr sótti fast smiðju-verkit, 142; hann lét mjök sækja föng þau er fyrir vóru, 134; sækja knáliga ferðina, leiðina, róðrinn, to press a matter, urge it on, 203, Fms. viii. 144; straumr var mikill, hann sótti fast sundit, swam hard, Grett. 148; s. bardagann frýju-laust, Fms. xi. 136; réri skip innan fjörðinn ok sóttu knáliga, Grett. 89; þeir er eptir Agli réru sóttu ákaft, Eg. 362.3. as a law phrase, sækja sök, mál, to prosecute, lead a cause; á hverr at sækja þá sök er vill, Grág. i. 17; skalt þú s. þær sakir báðar, Nj. 98; nú liðu þrjú þing þau er menn ætluðu, at hann mundi s. málit, 71; at annarr-hvárr okkarr sæki málit, ok munu vit þá verða at hluta með okkr, 86; nefndu þér nökkura vátta at orðunum—Önga, segir Skarphéðinn, vér ætlum ekki at s. þetta nema á vápna-þingi, 141, passim: metaph. to urge, press, hann sótti þat mál mjök, pressed the case bard, Eg. 108; sótti ( urged) hann þá enn um liðveizlu, Sturl. iii. 232: s. mann, to prosecute in a lawsuit; manna þeirra er menn vilja s. hér á þingi, Grág. i. 19; á þingi, þess manns er sóttr er, 26; sá skal s. goðann er sótt vill hafa, til fullra laga, 34; s. mann fullri sekt, 120; s. e-n sökum, Eg. 728; sótti Kolskeggr til lands at Móeiðar-hváli, laid claim to the estate at M., Nj. 103: with prepp., s. eptir, to pursue, 20, Fms. x. 239, Sturl. i. 11 (cp. eptir-sókn): sækja at (cp. at-sókn), to pursue, attack, Fms. vii. 70, Nj. 83, 84, Eg. 585: s. fram, to advance in battle, 297, Fms. i. 38.B. Reflex. to be advanced, be past, of a road or distance, work in hand, or the like; sóttisk þá mjök hafit, Fms. iv. 201; nú er meir en hálf-sótt, more than half-way passed: dró sundr með þeim, ok sóttisk mjök hafit, vi. 263; en er á leið vetrinn sóttisk mjök borgar-görðin, Edda 70; sóttisk þeim seint skip þeirra, Nj. 8; seint mun þat ok sækjask at grafa undir borgina, Fms. vi. 152; Galta þótti Lopti seint sækjask, that he went on slowly, Bs. i. 650; en þeim mönnum hefir lítt sókzk ( little succeeded in attacking) ofr-menni slikt í hús inn, Eb. 248; því nema þeir nú stað, at þeir ætla at þeim muni ílla sækjask at vinna oss, Nj. 198.2. recipr. to seek one another; sækjask sér um líkir, to flock together, Fms. ix. 389: to attack one another, fight, þeir nafnar sóttusk lengi, Landn. 85; þeir Hrafn sóttusk meðan ok Þorkell svarti, Ísl. ii. 268; fá sér vígi ok sækjask þaðan, Sturl. ii. 192: of a lawsuit, ef þeir vilja eigi sækjask, K. Þ. K. 52. -
15 abatir
v.1 to knock down (derribar) (muro).El porrazo abatió la puerta The blow knocked down the door.2 to depress, to dishearten.no te dejes abatir por tan poca cosa don't let something so trivial get you downLa muerte de María abatió a Ricardo Ann's death disheartened Richard.3 to stamp out, to beat, to eradicate.EXEX abatió la corrupción EXEX stamped out corruption.4 to shoot down, to bring down, to down.Ellos se abalanzaron a limpiar They hastened to clean.5 to drift, to cast, to make leeway.La embarcación abatió y se perdió The boat drifted and got lost.* * *1 (derribar) to knock down, pull down3 (bajar) to lower, take down4 (desanimar) to depress5 (humillar) to humiliate2 (ceder) to give in3 (desanimarse) to lose heart, become depressed4 figurado (descender) to fall upon* * *verb1) to knock down, demolish2) depress* * *1. VT1) (=derribar) to demolish, knock down; [+ tienda de campaña] to take down; [+ árbol] to cut down, fell; [+ ave] to shoot down, bring down; [+ bandera] to lower, strike; [+ persona] to knock down2) [enfermedad, dolor] to lay low, prostrate frm3) (=desanimar) to depress, discourage; (=humillar) to humble, humiliate2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( derribar) <pájaro/avión> to bring down; <muro/edificio> to knock down; < árbol> to fell2) (deprimir, entristecer)3) < asiento> to recline2.abatirse v pron1) ( deprimirse) to get depressed2) (frml)abatirse sobre algo/alguien — pájaro/avión to swoop down on something/somebody; desgracia to befall something/somebody (frml)
* * *= break + Posesivo + spirit, cast + a pall of gloom over, defeat, lay + Nombre + low, dishearten.Ex. And though it was a terrible tragedy in Madrid, to pull out of Iraq would be to give in to the terrorists, give them and inch and they'll take a mile, we've got to show them that our spirit will not be broken.Ex. This prolonged dry spell has cast a pall of gloom over the agrochemical business.Ex. The article is entitled 'Dewey Decimal system defeats Truman! Library cartoons'.Ex. She suffered frequent flare-ups of widespread inflammation that would lay her low for days on end.Ex. It is easy to be disheartened by the negative flow of news, but the strength of our labor market should bolster the confidence of our outlook.----* abatirse = come to + pieces, fall to + pieces, swoop.* abatirse sobre = bear down on.* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( derribar) <pájaro/avión> to bring down; <muro/edificio> to knock down; < árbol> to fell2) (deprimir, entristecer)3) < asiento> to recline2.abatirse v pron1) ( deprimirse) to get depressed2) (frml)abatirse sobre algo/alguien — pájaro/avión to swoop down on something/somebody; desgracia to befall something/somebody (frml)
* * *= break + Posesivo + spirit, cast + a pall of gloom over, defeat, lay + Nombre + low, dishearten.Ex: And though it was a terrible tragedy in Madrid, to pull out of Iraq would be to give in to the terrorists, give them and inch and they'll take a mile, we've got to show them that our spirit will not be broken.
Ex: This prolonged dry spell has cast a pall of gloom over the agrochemical business.Ex: The article is entitled 'Dewey Decimal system defeats Truman! Library cartoons'.Ex: She suffered frequent flare-ups of widespread inflammation that would lay her low for days on end.Ex: It is easy to be disheartened by the negative flow of news, but the strength of our labor market should bolster the confidence of our outlook.* abatirse = come to + pieces, fall to + pieces, swoop.* abatirse sobre = bear down on.* * *abatir [I1 ]vtA (derribar) ‹pájaro/avión› to shoot down, bring down; ‹muro/edificio› to knock down, pull down, demolish; ‹árbol› to fell, cut downnuestro objetivo es abatir la violencia our objective is to stamp out o eradicate violencefue abatido a tiros por la policía he was gunned down by the policeB(deprimir, entristecer): la enfermedad lo abatió mucho his illness made him feel very low o really laid him lowla angustia que abate a los supervivientes de las grandes catástrofes the distress suffered by survivors of disastersno te dejes abatir por las preocupaciones don't let your worries get you downC (inclinar, bajar) ‹cabeza› to bow, lower; ‹asiento› to recline■ abatirseA (deprimirse) to get depressedB ( frml) abatirse SOBRE algo/algn «pájaro/avión» to swoop down ON sth/sb; «desgracia» to befall sth/sb ( frml)el águila se abatió sobre su presa the eagle swooped down on its preyel hambre se abate sobre los habitantes the inhabitants are falling victim to starvationel caos se abatió sobre el país the country was plunged into chaosun temporal de gran intensidad se abatió sobre la costa a violent storm struck o hit the coast* * *
abatir ( conjugate abatir) verbo transitivo
1 ( derribar) ‹pájaro/avión› to bring down;
‹muro/edificio› to knock down;
‹ árbol› to fell;
2 (deprimir, entristecer):
no te dejes abatir por las preocupaciones don't let your worries get you down
3 ‹ asiento› to recline
abatirse verbo pronominal
1 ( deprimirse) to get depressed
2 (frml) abatirse sobre algo/algn [pájaro/avión] to swoop down on sth/sb;
[ desgracia] to befall sth/sb (frml);
abatir verbo transitivo
1 (derribar, derrumbar) to knock down, pull down: los enemigos abatieron tres de nuestros aviones, the enemy shot down three of our planes
2 (tumbar el respaldo) to fold down
3 (desalentar) to depress, dishearten: las malas noticias no nos abatieron, the bad news didn't discourage us
' abatir' also found in these entries:
English:
depress
- strike down
- depressed
- gun
- shoot
* * *♦ vt1. [derribar] [muro] to knock down;[avión] to shoot down;el atracador fue abatido a tiros the robber was gunned down2. [desanimar] to depress, to dishearten;no te dejes abatir por tan poca cosa don't let yourself be upset by something so trivial* * *v/t1 edificio knock obring down2 figkill; ( deprimir) depress* * *abatir vt1) derribar: to demolish, to knock down2) : to shoot down3) deprimir: to depress, to bring low -
16 debilitar
v.to weaken.Las drogas debilitan la mente Drugs weaken the mind.La falta de ejercicio debilita el cuerpo Lack of exercise weakens the body* * *1 to weaken, debilitate1 to weaken, get weak, become weak* * *verb* * *1. VT1) (Med) [+ persona, sistema inmunológico] to weaken, debilitate; [+ salud] to weaken2) [+ resistencia] to weaken, impair2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivoa) < persona> to weaken, debilitate; <salud/voluntad> to weakenb) <economía/defensa> to weaken, debilitate2.debilitarse v pronb) sonido to get o become faint/fainterc) economía to grow o become weak/weaker* * *= undermine, weaken, attenuate, undercut, lay + Nombre + low.Ex. Furthermore, the value of citation bibliometry is currently being undermined by the formation of 'citation clubs', which aim to indiscriminately achieve maximum cross-citing between 'club members'.Ex. The gangplank can be thrown across without weakening the chain of command.Ex. In the emerging technological environment of distributed systems, however, the informal or even formal links between source and user are attenuated or broken.Ex. The effects of liberalization threaten to undercut the delivery of a long cherished social objective.Ex. She suffered frequent flare-ups of widespread inflammation that would lay her low for days on end.----* debilitarse = become + brittle, languish.* * *1.verbo transitivoa) < persona> to weaken, debilitate; <salud/voluntad> to weakenb) <economía/defensa> to weaken, debilitate2.debilitarse v pronb) sonido to get o become faint/fainterc) economía to grow o become weak/weaker* * *= undermine, weaken, attenuate, undercut, lay + Nombre + low.Ex: Furthermore, the value of citation bibliometry is currently being undermined by the formation of 'citation clubs', which aim to indiscriminately achieve maximum cross-citing between 'club members'.
Ex: The gangplank can be thrown across without weakening the chain of command.Ex: In the emerging technological environment of distributed systems, however, the informal or even formal links between source and user are attenuated or broken.Ex: The effects of liberalization threaten to undercut the delivery of a long cherished social objective.Ex: She suffered frequent flare-ups of widespread inflammation that would lay her low for days on end.* debilitarse = become + brittle, languish.* * *debilitar [A1 ]vt1 ‹persona› to weaken, debilitate; ‹salud› to weakenla quimioterapia lo ha ido debilitando he's become weaker and weaker with the chemotherapy, the chemotherapy has made him increasingly weak o has gradually weakened o debilitated himcontribuyó a debilitar su salud mental it contributed to the deterioration of his mental state2 ‹voluntad› to weaken3 ‹economía/defensa› to weaken, debilitate1 «persona» to become weak; «salud» to deterioratese debilitó mucho con la enfermedad the illness made him very weak, he was debilitated by the illness, he became very weak as a result of the illness2 «voluntad» to weaken3 «sonido» to get o become faint/fainter4 «economía» to grow o become weak/weaker* * *
debilitar ( conjugate debilitar) verbo transitivo
to weaken
debilitarse verbo pronominal
[ salud] to deteriorate;
[ voluntad] to weaken
debilitar verbo transitivo to weaken, debilitate: la operación le ha debilitado, the operation left her feeling weak
su opción debilita la posición alemana, her decision undermines the German position
' debilitar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
enervar
- minar
- desgastar
English:
chip away
- debilitate
- shake
- soften up
- weaken
* * *♦ vt1. [enfermo, organismo] to weaken;[salud] to weaken, to undermine2. [voluntad, moral] to weaken, to undermine3. [gobierno, moneda, economía] to weaken, to debilitate;este escándalo puede debilitar al ministro this scandal could weaken the minister's position* * *v/t weaken* * *debilitar vt: to debilitate, to weaken* * *debilitar vb to weaken -
17 desanimar
v.to discourage.El fracaso desalienta a los chicos Failure discourages the kids.* * *1 to discourage, dishearten1 to be discouraged, be disheartened, lose heart* * *verb* * *1. VT1) (=desalentar) to discourage2) (=deprimir) to depress, sadden2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo to discourage2.desanimarse v pron to become disheartened o discouraged* * *= discourage, dissuade, frighten off, put + Nombre + off, put off, kill + the momentum, dampen, dispirit, lay + Nombre + low, dampen + Posesivo + spirits.Ex. Several pages of entries under one keyword are discouraging to say the least.Ex. Indeed, does the very design of our curricula dissuade the best, the brightest and the most creative from even considering entering our programs?.Ex. Then something compelled her to blurt out: 'Are you interested in the job?' 'We haven't frightened you off, have we?' ejaculated another, with a nervous laugh.Ex. Defoe's eighteenth century style full of tedious moralizing and philosophical musings, and not exactly well-stocked with dramatic excitements to relieve the steady pace, seemed not at all to put him off.Ex. Whatever the situation, prepared for or unexpected, it is always too easy to overplay one's hand, praising a book so extravagantly, so effusively, that many children are put off.Ex. Papers by Lin and coleagues advocate post-processing of downloaded bibliographic text in a way that does not kill the momentum for futher searching.Ex. Ten years ago ambition abounded; now risk-taking is out of style and vanguardism has been dampened by a pervasive enthusiasm for the past.Ex. Adverse fortune may attend us, but it shall never dispirit us.Ex. She suffered frequent flare-ups of widespread inflammation that would lay her low for days on end.Ex. Despite being physically challenged, the harsh realities of life have failed to dampen her spirits.----* desanimarse = lose + heart.* no desanimarse = keep + Posesivo + chin up.* sin dejarse desanimar = undaunted.* * *1.verbo transitivo to discourage2.desanimarse v pron to become disheartened o discouraged* * *= discourage, dissuade, frighten off, put + Nombre + off, put off, kill + the momentum, dampen, dispirit, lay + Nombre + low, dampen + Posesivo + spirits.Ex: Several pages of entries under one keyword are discouraging to say the least.
Ex: Indeed, does the very design of our curricula dissuade the best, the brightest and the most creative from even considering entering our programs?.Ex: Then something compelled her to blurt out: 'Are you interested in the job?' 'We haven't frightened you off, have we?' ejaculated another, with a nervous laugh.Ex: Defoe's eighteenth century style full of tedious moralizing and philosophical musings, and not exactly well-stocked with dramatic excitements to relieve the steady pace, seemed not at all to put him off.Ex: Whatever the situation, prepared for or unexpected, it is always too easy to overplay one's hand, praising a book so extravagantly, so effusively, that many children are put off.Ex: Papers by Lin and coleagues advocate post-processing of downloaded bibliographic text in a way that does not kill the momentum for futher searching.Ex: Ten years ago ambition abounded; now risk-taking is out of style and vanguardism has been dampened by a pervasive enthusiasm for the past.Ex: Adverse fortune may attend us, but it shall never dispirit us.Ex: She suffered frequent flare-ups of widespread inflammation that would lay her low for days on end.Ex: Despite being physically challenged, the harsh realities of life have failed to dampen her spirits.* desanimarse = lose + heart.* no desanimarse = keep + Posesivo + chin up.* sin dejarse desanimar = undaunted.* * *desanimar [A1 ]vtto discouragelo que me han contado me ha desanimado totalmente what they've told me has totally discouraged meto become disheartened o discouraged* * *
desanimar ( conjugate desanimar) verbo transitivo
to discourage
desanimarse verbo pronominal
to become disheartened o discouraged
desanimar verbo transitivo to discourage, dishearten
' desanimar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
desinflar
English:
discourage
- dishearten
- undeterred
* * *♦ vtto discourage;los comentarios de sus amigos lo han desanimado he has been put off o discouraged by his friends' comments* * *v/t discourage, dishearten* * *desanimar vtdesalentar: to discourage, to dishearten* * *desanimar vb to discourage -
18 resistir
v.1 to withstand.resiste muy mal el calor he can't take the heat2 to resist (it) (mostrarse firme) (ante tentaciones).resistir a algo to resist somethingNoel aguanta muchas penas Noel endures many sorrows.3 to tolerate, to stand.no lo resisto más, me voy I can't stand it any longer, I'm off4 to keep going (person).ese corredor resiste mucho that runner has a lot of staminael tocadiscos aún resiste the record player's still going strongresistir a algo to stand up to something, to withstand something5 to take the strain (mesa, dique).resistir a algo to withstand something* * *1 (aguantar - algo) to hold (out); (- alguien) to hold out, take (it), have endurance2 (durar) to endure, last3 (ejército) to hold out, resist1 (soportar) to stand, tolerate2 (peso etc) to bear, withstand, take3 (tentación etc) to resist1 (rechazar) to resist2 (oponerse) to resist, put up resistance4 (negarse) to refuse* * *verb1) to resist2) endure3) hold* * *1. VT1) [+ peso] to bear, take, support; [+ presión] to take, withstand2) [+ ataque, tentación] to resist; [+ propuesta] to resist, oppose, make a stand against3) (=tolerar) to put up with, endureno puedo resistir este frío — I can't bear o stand this cold
4)2. VI1) (=oponer resistencia) to resist2) (=durar) to last (out), hold outel equipo no puede resistir mucho tiempo más — the team can't last o hold out much longer
3) (=soportar peso)¿resistirá la silla? — will the chair take it?
3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivoa) ( aguantar) <dolor/calor/presión> to withstand, take¿resistirá otro invierno? — will it last o survive another winter?
su corazón no resistiría un golpe tan fuerte — his heart couldn't take o stand a shock like that
no la resisto — (Col, Per fam) I can't stand her
b) <tentación/impulso> to resist2.resistir via) ( aguantar)no resistió, era demasiado peso — it didn't take it o hold, it was too heavy
¿cuánto resistes debajo del agua? — how long can you stay underwater?
b) ejército to hold out, resist3.resistirse v pron1) ( oponer resistencia) to resist2) ( tener reticencia)resistirse A + INF: se resiste a aceptarlo she's unwilling o reluctant to agree to it; me resisto a creerlo I find it hard to believe; no pude resistirme a decírselo — I couldn't resist telling her
3) (fam) ( plantear dificultades)* * *= defy, resist, stand up to, cope with, withstand, hold fast, hold off, stand + the gaff.Ex. Some categories of material defy helpful categorisation, and need to be treated as special cases.Ex. Abstracts are, it must be noted, covered by copyright provisions, and an author may resist direct copying of his abstract.Ex. However, he would prefer a binding that will stand up to being stuffed into after-hours book drops and being hauled from one library to another.Ex. Publishers sometimes produce library editions, particularly of reference works, which will cope with the frequent handling expected in library use.Ex. While the current problems associated with serial economics have driven a wedge between vendors, librarians and publishers, they should be cooperating and communicating in order to withstand the information explosion.Ex. He tried to hold fast defending the cause of the Church and avoiding debates on particular cases of intolerance or persecution.Ex. A dam at the Strait of Gibraltar could be constructed to limit the outflow and reverse the climate deterioration, thus holding off the next ice age.Ex. Thus far the oil companies have stood the gaff well, considering the burden thrown on them by declining prices and mounting stocks.----* imposible de resistir = impossible to resist.* resistir con todas las fuerzas = resist + with every cell in + Posesivo + body.* resistir el paso del tiempo = stand + the test of time, withstand + the test of time, survive + the test of time, pass + the test of time.* resistirse = buck + the system, buck.* resistirse a = be loath to.* resistir una tentación = resist + temptation.* resistir un impulso = resist + impulse.* sin resistirse = passively.* * *1.verbo transitivoa) ( aguantar) <dolor/calor/presión> to withstand, take¿resistirá otro invierno? — will it last o survive another winter?
su corazón no resistiría un golpe tan fuerte — his heart couldn't take o stand a shock like that
no la resisto — (Col, Per fam) I can't stand her
b) <tentación/impulso> to resist2.resistir via) ( aguantar)no resistió, era demasiado peso — it didn't take it o hold, it was too heavy
¿cuánto resistes debajo del agua? — how long can you stay underwater?
b) ejército to hold out, resist3.resistirse v pron1) ( oponer resistencia) to resist2) ( tener reticencia)resistirse A + INF: se resiste a aceptarlo she's unwilling o reluctant to agree to it; me resisto a creerlo I find it hard to believe; no pude resistirme a decírselo — I couldn't resist telling her
3) (fam) ( plantear dificultades)* * *= defy, resist, stand up to, cope with, withstand, hold fast, hold off, stand + the gaff.Ex: Some categories of material defy helpful categorisation, and need to be treated as special cases.
Ex: Abstracts are, it must be noted, covered by copyright provisions, and an author may resist direct copying of his abstract.Ex: However, he would prefer a binding that will stand up to being stuffed into after-hours book drops and being hauled from one library to another.Ex: Publishers sometimes produce library editions, particularly of reference works, which will cope with the frequent handling expected in library use.Ex: While the current problems associated with serial economics have driven a wedge between vendors, librarians and publishers, they should be cooperating and communicating in order to withstand the information explosion.Ex: He tried to hold fast defending the cause of the Church and avoiding debates on particular cases of intolerance or persecution.Ex: A dam at the Strait of Gibraltar could be constructed to limit the outflow and reverse the climate deterioration, thus holding off the next ice age.Ex: Thus far the oil companies have stood the gaff well, considering the burden thrown on them by declining prices and mounting stocks.* imposible de resistir = impossible to resist.* resistir con todas las fuerzas = resist + with every cell in + Posesivo + body.* resistir el paso del tiempo = stand + the test of time, withstand + the test of time, survive + the test of time, pass + the test of time.* resistirse = buck + the system, buck.* resistirse a = be loath to.* resistir una tentación = resist + temptation.* resistir un impulso = resist + impulse.* sin resistirse = passively.* * *resistir [I1 ]vt1 (aguantar, soportar) ‹dolor/calor› to withstand, take; ‹presión› to withstand, take, standno resistía más el frío que hacía allí it was so cold there, I couldn't take it any more¿crees que resistirá otro invierno? do you think it will last o withstand o survive another winter?su corazón no resistiría un golpe tan fuerte his heart wouldn't take o stand a shock like thatno resistió el peso adicional it couldn't take the extra weightno resisto que se burlen de mí ( fam); I can't stand people making fun of mea María no la invites, no la resisto (Col, Per fam); don't invite María, I can't stand her2 ‹tentación/impulso› to resist3 ( Mil) ‹ataque› to resist, withstand; ‹enemigo› to resist, hold out against■ resistirvi1(aguantar): ya te dije que no resistiría, era demasiado peso I told you it wouldn't take it o hold, it was too heavyya no resisto más I can't stand it any more, I can't take (it) any more¿cuánto resistes debajo del agua? how long can you stay underwater?2 «ejército» to hold out, resistA (oponer resistencia) to resistsi se resisten, dispararemos if you resist o put up any resistance, we will fireno hay mujer que se le resista women find him irresistibleB (tener reticencia) resistirse A + INF:se resiste a aceptar las condiciones she's unwilling o reluctant to agree to the conditionsme resisto a creerlo I find it hard to believe, I'm loath to believe itno pude resistirme a decírselo I couldn't resist telling herC ( fam)(plantear dificultades): esta cerradura se me resiste I can't get this lock opentantas cifras se me resisten all these figures defeat me o are beyond me ( colloq)* * *
resistir ( conjugate resistir) verbo transitivo
◊ no la resisto (Col, Per fam) I can't stand her
verbo intransitivo
resistirse verbo pronominal
b) ( tener reticencia):◊ se resiste a aceptarlo she's unwilling o reluctant to agree to it;
me resisto a creerlo I find it hard to believe
resistir
I verbo transitivo
1 (soportar, tener paciencia) to put up with: no resisto que hablen a gritos, I can't stand shouting
no podrá resistir otro golpe así, he won't be able to stand another blow like this
2 (contener una tentación, impulso, curiosidad) to resist
3 (un ataque, etc) to resist ➣ Ver nota en resist
II verbo intransitivo
1 (mantenerse en pie, aguantar) to hold (out): me voy a la cama, no resisto más, I'm going to bed, I can't last any longer
espero que el estante resista, I hope the shelf holds
2 (ante un enemigo, invasor) to resist: resistieron heroicamente, they held out heroically
' resistir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
vencer
English:
bear up
- hang on
- hold off
- hold out
- last
- last out
- oppose
- resist
- stand
- stand up
- withstand
- hang
- hold
- support
* * *♦ vt1. [peso, dolor, críticas] to withstand, to take;[ataque] to withstand;la presa no resistió la fuerza de las aguas the dam could not withstand the force of the water;resiste muy mal el calor he can't take the heat2. [tentación, impulso, deseo] to resist3. [tolerar] to tolerate, to stand;no lo resisto más I can't stand it any longer♦ vi1. [ejército, ciudad]resistir (a algo/a alguien) to resist (sth/sb)2. [persona, aparato] to keep going;ese corredor resiste mucho that runner has a lot of stamina;el tocadiscos aún resiste the record player's still going strong;resistir a algo to stand up to sth, to withstand sth3. [mesa, dique] to take the strain;este puente ya no resiste en pie this bridge is on its last legs;resistir a algo to withstand sth4. [mostrarse firme] [ante tentaciones] to resist (it);¡ya no resisto más! I can't stand it any longer!;resistir a algo to resist sth* * *I v/i1 resist2 ( aguantar) hold out;no resisto más I can’t take any moreII v/t1 tentación resist* * *resistir vt1) : to stand, to bear, to tolerate2) : to withstandresistir vi: to resistresistió hasta el último minuto: he held out until the last minute* * *resistir vbla estantería no resistía tanto peso y se partió the shelf couldn't take so much weight and it broke in two4. (tentación) to resist -
19 multiplier
multiplier [myltiplije]➭ TABLE 71. transitive verb• les autorités multiplient les appels au calme the authorities are issuing repeated appeals for calm2. reflexive verb* * *myltiplije
1.
1) Mathématique to multiply [chiffre] ( par by)2) ( augmenter) to increase [risques, fortune]; to increase the number of [trains, accidents]multiplier les bénéfices par cinq/par cent — to increase profits fivefold/a hundredfold
multiplier les risques d'accident par trois/dix — to make the risk of accident three/ten times more likely
3) ( faire en grand nombre)
2.
se multiplier verbe pronominal1) ( augmenter) [succursales, villas] to grow in number; [incidents, arrestations] to be on the increase; [difficultés, obstacles] to increase; [contacts, disputes] to become more frequent2) ( se reproduire) [animaux, microbes] to multiply* * *myltiplije vt* * *multiplier verb table: plierA vtr1 Math to multiply [chiffre] (par by);2 ( augmenter) to increase [risques, chances, gains, rendement, fortune]; to increase the number of [trains, accidents]; multiplier les bénéfices par cinq/par cent to increase profits fivefold/a hundredfold; multiplier les risques d'accident par trois/dix to make the risk of accident three/ten times more likely;3 ( faire en grand nombre) multiplier les excuses/exemples to give endless excuses/examples; multiplier les visites/erreurs to make endless visits/mistakes.B se multiplier vpr1 ( augmenter) [succursales, villas] to grow in number; [incidents, arrestations] to be on the increase; [difficultés, obstacles] to increase; [contacts, disputes] to become more frequent;2 ( se reproduire) [animaux, microbes] to multiply.[myltiplije] verbe transitif————————se multiplier verbe pronominal intransitif -
20 děti
I. děti I Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `do, say'Page in Trubačev: IV 229-230Old Church Slavic:dějati `do, say' [verb], dějǫ [1sg];děti sę `get to, disappear' [verb], deždǫ sę [1sg] \{1\};-děti `do, say' [verb], -dějǫ [1sg], -deždǫ [1sg], -děnǫ [1sg]Russian:déjat' (dial.) `do, make' [verb], déju [1sg]Czech:díti (obs.) `speak' [verb]Old Czech:Polish:dziać `weave, knit (arch.), do' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:djȅti `do, say' [verb], djȅdēm [1sg], djȅnēm [1sg];djȅsti (Vuk) `do, say' [verb], djȅdēm [1sg], djȅnēm [1sg]Slovene:dẹjáti `do, say' [verb], dẹ̑jem [1sg];dẹjáti `place, put, do, say' [verb], dẹ̑m [1sg];dẹjáti `place, put' [verb], dẹ́nem [1sg], dę́nem [1sg];dẹ́ti `place, put, do, say' [verb], dẹ̑m [1sg]Lithuanian:dė́ti `lay, put' [verb], dẽda [3ps];Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: dʰeh₁-Page in Pokorny: 235Other cognates:Skt. dádhāti `put, place, make' [verb];Notes:\{1\} The SJS gives děti sę, 1sg. deždǫ sę, 2sg. deždeši sę (Hilf., Venc.). The latter text does not belong to the Old Church Slavic canon. The quoted passages do not show that the present stem dežd- occurs in Hilf. \{2\} In his Old Czech dictionary, Gebauer has děti, děju `do' and děti, děju `speak, say'. In his Czech historical grammar (III.2: 228), however, he says that deju `I speak' is not attested and claims that the attested 1sg. diem is an innovation.II. děti II Grammatical information: Nompf. Proto-Slavic meaning: `children'Page in Trubačev: V 14Old Church Slavic:děti `children' [Nompf]Russian:déti `children' [Nom p]Czech:děti `children' [Nom p]Slovak:Polish:Slovincian:ʒìe̯cä `children' [Nom p]Bulgarian:déti (dial.) `children' [Nom p]Page in Pokorny: 241Comments: A derivative of the root * dʰeh₁-, cf. Latv. dę̂ls `son', dêt `suck'. The singular *dětь is hardly attested. The common singular of the word for `child' is -> *dětę, wehere the suffix *-t- was enlarged with the suffix *-ę < *- ent-, which is frequent in designations of young living creatures.Other cognates:
См. также в других словарях:
frequent — ► ADJECTIVE 1) occurring or done many times at short intervals. 2) doing something often; habitual. ► VERB ▪ visit (a place) often or habitually. DERIVATIVES frequenter noun frequently adverb. ORIGIN … English terms dictionary
frequent — ♦♦ frequents, frequenting, frequented (The adjective is pronounced [[t]fri͟ːkwənt[/t]]. The verb is pronounced [[t]frɪkwe̱nt[/t]].) 1) ADJ GRADED If something is frequent, it happens often. Bordeaux is on the main Paris Madrid line so there are… … English dictionary
frequent — I UK [ˈfriːkwənt] / US [ˈfrɪkwənt] adjective ** a) happening often Their arguments were becoming more and more frequent. frequent contact: The President is in frequent telephone contact with the German Chancellor. at frequent intervals (=… … English dictionary
frequent — {{Roman}}I.{{/Roman}} verb Frequent is used with these nouns as the subject: ↑tourist Frequent is used with these nouns as the object: ↑bar, ↑cafe, ↑restaurant {{Roman}}II.{{/Roman}} adj. VERBS ▪ be, seem … Collocations dictionary
frequent — fre|quent1 [ frikwənt ] adjective ** happening often: Their arguments were becoming more and more frequent. frequent contact: The President is in frequent telephone contact with the German Chancellor. at frequent intervals (=regularly):… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
frequent*/ — [ˈfriːkwənt] adj I happening often Ant: infrequent Their arguments were becoming more and more frequent.[/ex] He was a frequent visitor to our house.[/ex] Inspections must be carried out at frequent intervals (= regularly).[/ex] II verb [T]… … Dictionary for writing and speaking English
frequent — 1 adjective happening often: I try to maintain frequent contact with my children. | Her headaches are becoming less frequent. | a frequent visitor/user/correspondent etc (=someone who often visits, uses something etc): The Governor became a… … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
frequent — I. transitive verb Date: 15th century 1. to associate with, be in, or resort to often or habitually < a bar frequented by sports fans > 2. archaic to read systematically or habitually • frequentation noun • frequenter noun … New Collegiate Dictionary
frequent — adjective /ˈfrikwənt / (say freekwuhnt) 1. happening or occurring at short intervals: to make frequent trips to a place. 2. constant, habitual, or regular: a frequent guest. 3. at short distances apart: a coast with frequent lighthouses. –verb… …
frequent — 1. adjective /ˈfɹiː.kwənt/ Done or occurring often. I take frequent breaks so I dont get too tired. See Also: frequency, frequently, infrequent, frequently asked question, FAQ 2. verb /ˈfɹiː.kwənt/ To visit often … Wiktionary
frequent — [16] Frequent comes from Latin frequēns, which meant ‘crowded’ as well as ‘regularly repeated’ (it is not known what the origins of frequēns were, although it may be related to Latin farcīre ‘stuff’, source of English farce). The sense ‘crowded’… … The Hutchinson dictionary of word origins