for+either+reason

to come against, to charge against, to charge at, to charge into.

Los soldados acometieron el fuerte The soldiers rushed against the fort.

* * *

(v.) = lambast [lambaste], flail away at, hit out (at/against), take + a swipe at, swipe, lam, lam into, lay into, lash out at/against/on, have + a go at, go to + town on, lash out (on), take + a swat at

Ex. Correctly, the author finds that the realities of antebellum reform are too complex either to laud the reformers' benevolence or to lambast them as fanatics.

Ex. His novels flailed away at ignorance and indecency and his editorials were partisan, personal, fervent, and emotional.

Ex. She has hit out at rumours that she is a man-eater.

Ex. Republicans have been taking a swipe at Canada by saying that the country doesn't do much when it comes to global problems.

Ex. This time the pup simply got too close to the cat while she was just sitting there, so she swiped him.

Ex. Pretty soon he was lamming me on every pretext he could find.

Ex. The girl stared at him for a moment thunderstruck; then she lammed into the old horse with a stick she carried in place of a whip.

Ex. How anyone can get a buzz from laying into someone is beyond me; it's not nice to see it happen - too many times have I seen people beaten up over nothing.

Ex. McCain also lashed out at evangelicals in 2000 and now he's kissing their butt saying he's a Baptist.

Ex. In the 1980s that meant having a go at all the trendy lefties and pacifists, and so our main issues were class politics and violence.

Ex. He was refering to the unbelievable action taken by the riot police who for no good reason decided to go to town on innocent fans.

Ex. The company is too tight to lash out on anything for the employees, even tools to increase productivity.

Ex. I get pretty tired of ignorant people taking swats at the Catholic religion for 'worshiping statues'.

* * *

1 representation, behalf.

2 performance, play, acting, interpretation.

3 representation, mental picture.

4 representation, picture.

5 theatrical, performance, dramatic performance.

* * *

► nombre femenino

1 (gen) representation

■ tiene la representación de esta marca he represents this firm

2 TEATRO performance

\

en representación de as a representative of, representing

* * *

1) performance

2) representation

•

- en representación de

* * *

1) [de concepto, idea, imagen] representation

2) [de país, pueblo, organización] (=acto) representation; (=delegación) delegation

3) (Teat) (=función) performance; (=montaje) production

4) (Com) representation

5) † (=súplica)

6) †† (=importancia) standing

* * *

1) ( acción)

2) ( delegación) delegation

3) (Teatr) performance, production

4)

a) ( símbolo) representation

b) ( imagen) illustration

c) ( muestra) sample

* * *

= map, mapping, picture, representation, typification, depiction, enactment, portrayal, embodiment, staging, simulacrum, re-enactment [reenactment], performance.

Ex. A detailed study of a co-citation map, its core documents' citation patterns and the related journal structures, is presented.

Ex. Recently, proponents of co-citation cluster analysis have claimed that in principle their methodology makes possible the mapping of science using the data in the Science Citation Index.

Ex. No pretence is made of their being either a balanced or complete picture of the article.

Ex. An abstract is a concise and accurate representation of the contents of a document, in a style similar to that of the original document.

Ex. Institutionalization occurs whenever there is a reciprocal typification of habitualized actions by types of actors.

Ex. Miss Laski suggests that the depiction of life found in many novels is naive, over-simplified and, as a constant diet, can do more harm than good.

Ex. To re-emphasize a point that cannot be over-emphasized: reading aloud to children of all ages is vital, if for no other reason, because this is the way we learn how to turn cold print into a dramatic enactment in the theater of our imagination.

Ex. Pictorial sources are created by the portrayal of historical events or subjects using, inter alia, a paint brush, drawing-pen, or pencil, graphic techniques or the camera.

Ex. At first, large public libraries organised readers' advisory services as the embodiment of library adult education.

Ex. The author describes the success of a library in staging a series of music concerts as a public relations exercise.

Ex. The author examines the history of the image, understood as personal simulacrum and cult object.

Ex. And literature is part of that essential human behavior; it engages us in pre-enactments and re-enactments.

Ex. A miniature score is a musical score nor primarily intended for performance use, with type reduced in size.

----

* acoger bajo la representación de Uno = bring under + Posesivo + umbrella.

* en representación de = on behalf of [in behalf of; on + Nombre + behalf], in + Nombre + behalf [in/on behalf of].

* falta de representación = under-representation [underrepresentation].

* guión de representación teatral = scenario.

* no tener representación = be unrepresented.

* organismo que actúa en representación de otros = umbrella.

* organización que actúa en representación de otras = umbrella organisation.

* poder de representación = power of representation.

* representación ante el juzgado = representation at tribunal.

* representación bibliométrica = bibliometric mapping.

* representación del contenido = content representation.

* representación del contenido temático = subject representation.

* representación de personas profanas en la materia = lay representation.

* representación en bits = bit-map.

* representación errónea = misrepresentation.

* representación esquemática = schematic, rich picture.

* representación gráfica = graphic display.

* representación jerárquica = hierarchical display.

* representación mediante diagramas = rich picture.

* representación mediante mapas mentales = cocitation mapping, mind mapping.

* representación óptica médica = medical imaging.

* representación óptica por resonancia magnética = magnetic resonance imaging.

* representación pictórica = pictorial representation.

* representación proporcional = proportionate representation, proportional representation.

* representación teatral = play performance, play making [play-making], stage show, theatrical performance.

* ser la representación misma de = be a picture of.

* sin representación = unrepresented.

* visita de representación = sales call.

* voto mediante representación = proxy vote.

* * *

1) ( acción)

2) ( delegación) delegation

3) (Teatr) performance, production

4)

a) ( símbolo) representation

b) ( imagen) illustration

c) ( muestra) sample

* * *

* * *

(acción): asistió en representación del Rey she attended as the King's representative

en representación de mis compañeros on behalf of my companions

tiene a su cargo la representación de una editorial he represents a publishing house

B (delegación) delegation

diplomatic representation

proportional representation

C ( Teatr) performance, production

1 (símbolo) representation

la representación escrita de un sonido the written representation of a sound

2 (imagen) illustration

se hizo una representación mental de la escena she pictured the scene in her mind, she conjured up a mental picture of the scene

3 (muestra) sample

de su obra hay una escasa representación en nuestras pinacotecas there are few examples of his work in our galleries

( Esp period) (categoría): [ S ] oficinas alta representación luxury office accommodation

F representaciones fpl ( frml) (peticiones) representations (pl)

hacer representaciones ante algn to make representations to sb

* * *

◊ representación legal legal representation;

* * *

representación nf

1. [símbolo, imagen, ejemplo] representation;

no me hago una representación clara de lo que ocurrió I haven't got a clear picture of what happened;

la paloma es una representación de la paz the dove is a symbol of peace

2. [delegación] representation;

en representación de on behalf of;

acudió a la reunión en representación de sus compañeros he attended the meeting on behalf of his colleagues, he represented his colleagues at the meeting

3. Pol representación mayoritaria majority rule;

representación proporcional proportional representation

4. Teatro performance;

una obra de difícil representación a difficult play to perform;

representación única one-night stand

5. Com representation;

tener la representación de to act as a representative for

* * *

1 representation

2 TEA performance

3 ( delegación)

en representación de on behalf of

* * *

representación nf, pl - ciones

1) : representation

2) : performance

en representación de : on behalf of

* * *

representación n

1. (de una obra) performance

2. (imagen, idea) symbol

at random, at a venture, hit-or-miss, hit-and-miss.

* * *

at random

* * *

= at random, by chance, haphazardly, indiscriminate, indiscriminately, random, randomly, pot luck, hit (and/or) miss, odd, by a fluke, by luck, by a stroke of (good) luck

Ex. Observations were made at random by uninvolved observers.

Ex. If, by chance, the newly entered item is identical to one already in the file, DOBIS/LIBIS ignores the new entry.

Ex. Although university education in modern India dates back to 1856, libraries developed haphazardly and were more embellishments than an integral part of the academic programme.

Ex. Nonetheless, the indiscriminate use of both terms in a data base creates a situation in which the serious scholar is either deprived of access to half of the material in the collection, or must consult two sequences.

Ex. Furthermore, the value of citation bibliometry is currently being undermined by the formation of 'citation clubs', which aim to indiscriminately achieve maximum cross-citing between 'club members'.

Ex. Where the subcategory is small the subsequent arrangement is random.

Ex. The reason for this is that the qualifier, Public Libraries, is randomly distributed depending on whether other facets are cited in between.

Ex. In addition to the 'pot luck' method which some indexers seem to favour, we now have the use of PRECIS to serve as the indexing method in BNB.

Ex. Funds are low, so libraries could benefit from interlibrary loan schemes, although without a national union catalogue, efforts to serve readers are hit and miss = Los fondos son escasos, por lo que las bibliotecas se podrían beneficiar del préstamo interbibliotecario, aunque, sin un catálogo colectivo nacional, los esfuerzos para atender a los usuarios son una lotería.

Ex. For example, review articles are expected to be supported by extensive bibliographies, whilst it is unusual for a letter to carry more than the odd citation.

Ex. The study revealed that most of the deformities are caused by a fluke.

Ex. Machiavelli insisted that the Prince be aware that he was Prince mostly by luck and his job was to never admit it.

Ex. The stream suddenly swept him away, and it was only by a stroke of luck that they found him.

* * *

ὑπέρ (Hom.+) prep. w. gen. and acc. (lit. s.v. ἀνά, beg. In addition to this, for ὑπέρ: LWenger, Die Stellvertretung im Rechte der Papyri 1896; ARobertson, The Use of ὑπέρ in Business Documents in the Papyri: Exp. 8th ser., 28, 1919, 321–27). The loc. sense ‘over, above’ is not found in our lit. (not in the LXX either, but in JosAs 14:4; ApcEsdr 1:9; Just., Tat., Ath.) but does appear in nonliteral senses. The mss. oft. fluctuate between ὑπέρ and περί; see A3 below.

A. w. gen.

① a marker indicating that an activity or event is in some entity’s interest, for, in behalf of, for the sake of someone/someth.

ⓐ w. gen. of pers. or human collective

α. after words that express a request, prayer, etc. After the verbs δέομαι (q.v. b), εὔχομαι (q.v. 1), προσεύχομαι (q.v.), ἐντυγχάνω (q.v. 1a; cp. b), ὑπερεντυγχάνω (q.v.), λιτανεύω (q.v.) etc. After the nouns δέησις (q.v., end) and προσευχή (q.v. 1). S. also 1 Ti 2:1f.

β. after words and expressions that denote working, caring, concerning oneself about. After the verbs ἀγρυπνέω (q.v. 2), ἀγωνίζομαι (q.v. 2b), μεριμνάω (q.v. 2), πρεσβεύω (q.v.) etc. After the nouns ζῆλος (q.v. 1), σπουδή (q.v. 2), ἔχειν πόνον (πόνος 1). ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν διάκονος Col 1:7.

γ. after expressions having to do w. sacrifice: ἁγιάζω (q.v. 2), ἁγνίζομαι (s. ἁγνίζω 3). τὸ πάσχα ἡμῶν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἑτύθη Χριστός 1 Cor 5:7 v.l. ἕως οὗ προσηνέχθη ὑπὲρ ἑνὸς ἑκάστου αὐτῶν ἡ προσφορά Ac 21:26 (προσφέρω 2a).—Eph 5:2; Hb 9:7.

δ. gener. εἶναι ὑπέρ τινος be for someone, be on someone’s side (PIand 16, 8 τὸ νόμιμον ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἐστιν.—Opp. εἶναι κατά τινος) Mk 9:40; Lk 9:50; Ro 8:31.—ἐπιτρέπεταί σοι ὑπὲρ σεαυτοῦ λέγειν Ac 26:1 v.l. (for περί). ἵνα μὴ εἷς ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἑνὸς φυσιοῦσθε κατὰ τοῦ ἑτέρου 1 Cor 4:6b. Cp. 2 Cor 1:11ab; 5:20b (δεόμεθα ὑπὲρ Χριστοῦ=as helpers of Christ we beg you. Also prob. is we beg you by or in the name of Christ [Apollon. Rhod. 3, 701 λίσσομʼ ὑπὲρ μακάρων=by the gods, in imitation of Il. 22, 338.—Theaetetus, III B.C.: Anth. Pal. 7, 499, 2]). τοῦτο φρονεῖν ὑπὲρ πάντων ὑμῶν to be thus minded in behalf of you all Phil 1:7 (perh. simply=about; s. 3 below); cp. 4:10 (think of me = care for, be interested in me).

ε. after expressions of suffering, dying, devoting oneself, etc. (JosAs 28:1 κύριος πολεμεῖ καθʼ ἡμῶν ὑπὲρ Ἀσενεθ ‘against us in behalf of Aseneth’; ApcEsdr 6:18 p. 31, 28 Tdf. δικάζεσθαι ὑπὲρ τοῦ γένους τῶν ἀνθρώπων) ἀποθνῄσκειν ὑπέρ τινος die for someone or someth. (ἀποθνῄσκω 1aα; also Jos., Ant. 13, 6) J 11:50–52; 18:14; Ro 5:7ab. τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ τίθησιν ὑπὲρ τινος (cp. Jos., Bell. 2, 201; Sir 29:15; ApcSed 1:5; Ar. 15, 10; Mel., P. 103, 791) J 10:11, 15; 13:37f; 15:13; 1J 3:16b.—Ro 16:4; 2 Cor 12:15; Eph 3:1, 13; Col 1:24a.—So esp. of the death of Christ (already referred to at least in part in some of the passages already mentioned. S. also above 1aγ and below 1c) for, in behalf of humanity, the world, etc.: Mk 14:24; Lk 22:19f; Ro 5:6, 8; 8:32; 14:15; 1 Cor 1:13 (where the hypothetical question μὴ Παῦλος ἐσταυρώθη ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν; was chosen for no other reason than its ref. to the redeeming death of Christ); 11:24; 15:3; Gal 2:20; 3:13; Eph 5:25; 1 Th 5:10 (v.l. περί); 1 Ti 2:6; Tit 2:14; Hb 2:9; 6:20; 1 Pt 2:21 (v.l. περί); 3:18a v.l.; 18b; 1J 3:16a; MPol 17:2ab (Just., A I, 50, 1 ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν γενόμενος ἄνθρωπος).—AMetzinger, Die Substitutionstheorie u. das atl. Opfer, Biblica 21, ’40, 159–87, 247–72, 353–77; EBlakeney, ET 55, ’43/44, 306.

ⓑ w. gen. of thing, in which case it must be variously translated ὑπὲρ (τῶν) ἁμαρτιῶν in order to atone for (the) sins or to remove them 1 Cor 15:3; Gal 1:4; Hb 5:1b; 7:27; 9:7 (here ὑπὲρ … τῶν ἀγνοημάτων); 10:12; B 7:3, 4 (prophetic saying of unknown origin), 5f.—ὑπὲρ τῆς τοῦ κόσμου ζωῆς to bring life to the world J 6:51. ὑπὲρ τῆς δόξης τοῦ θεοῦ to reveal the glory of God 11:4. ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ (cp. Sb 7681, 7 [312 A.D.] ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματός μου=in behalf of) to spread his name Ro 1:5; cp. 3J 7. ὑπὲρ ἀληθείας θεοῦ=in order to show that God’s promises are true Ro 15:8. ὑπὲρ τῆς ὑμῶν παρακλήσεως in order to comfort you 2 Cor 1:6ab. Cp. 12:19. ὑπὲρ τῆς πίστεως ὑμῶν for the strengthening of your faith 1 Th 3:2.

ⓒ in place of, instead of, in the name of (Eur.; Polyb. 3, 67, 7; ApcEsdr 1:11 p. 25, 3 Tdf.; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 142; Just., D. 95, 2.—In pap very oft. ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ to explain that the writer is writing ‘as the representative of’ an illiterate pers.; Dssm. LO 285, 2 [LAE 335, 4]; other exx. of pap in DWallace, Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics ’96, 384–86) ἵνα ὑπὲρ σοῦ μοι διακονῇ Phlm 13. Somet. the mng. in place of merges w. on behalf of, for the sake of Ro 9:3. οἱ βαπτιζόμενοι ὑπὲρ τῶν νεκρῶν 1 Cor 15:29a is debated; cp. 29b (s. the lit. s.v. βαπτίζω 2c; also KBornhäuser, Die Furche 21, ’34, 184–87; JWhite, JBL 116, ’97, 487–99 [esp. 497f] favors a causal sense). εἷς ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀπέθανεν 2 Cor 5:14; cp. 15ab, 21 (Eur., Alc. 701 κατθανεῖν ὑπέρ σου).

② marker of the moving cause or reason, because of, for the sake of, for (Diod S 10, 21, 2 τὴν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων τιμωρίαν; schol. on Pind., O. 6, 154b [=OxfT 91]), w. verbs of suffering, giving the reason for it ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὀνόματος Ac 5:41; 9:16; 21:13; ὑπὲρ Χριστοῦ Phil 1:29ab; cp. 2 Th 1:5; ὑπὲρ θεοῦ ἀποθνῄσκω IRo 4:1. Likew. used w. nouns that denote suffering ὑπὲρ Χριστοῦ for Christ’s sake 2 Cor 12:10.—εὐχαριστεῖν ὑπέρ τινος give thanks for someth. 1 Cor 10:30; Eph 5:20; D 9:2; 10:2 (cp. Sb 3926, 12 [I B.C.] τὸ κατεσκευασμένον ὑπὲρ [=in gratefulness for] τῆς ἡμετέρας σωτηρίας Ἰσιδεῖον; Just., A I, 65, 3). δοξάζειν τὸν θεὸν ὑπέρ τινος praise God for someth. Ro 15:9.—ὑπὲρ τούτου with reference to someth. (Synes., Ep. 67 p. 209c) 2 Cor 12:8.—This is prob. the place for ὑπὲρ τῆς εὐδοκίας with (God’s) good pleasure in view Phil 2:13 (εὐδοκία 1).

③ marker of general content, whether of a discourse or mental activity, about, concerning (about equivalent to περί [τινος], w. which it is freq. interchanged in the mss.; s. Kühner-G. I p. 487 [w. exx. fr. Hom., Pla. et al.]. Also quite common in Polyb., Diod S, Dionys. Hal., Joseph., ins [e.g. ISardGauthier 2, 3 ‘write about’] and pap [Schmidt 396]; but Ath. differentiates between λόγος ὑπὲρ [in defense of] τῆς ἀληθείας and λόγος περὶ [about] τῆς ἀληθείας R 1 p. 48, 19; Mlt. 105; Rdm.² p. 140; Johannessohn, Präp 216–21; LDeubner, Bemerkungen z. Text der Vita Pyth. des Iamblichos: SBBerlAk ’35, XIX 27; 71), oft. at the same time in the sense ‘in the interest of’ or ‘in behalf of’ οὗτός ἐστιν ὑπὲρ οὗ ἐγὼ εἶπον J 1:30 (v.l. περί). Ἠσαί̈ας κράζει ὑπὲρ τοῦ Ἰσραήλ Ro 9:27 (v.l. περί). Cp. 2 Cor 1:8 (v.l. περί); 5:12; 7:4, 14; 8:24; 9:2f; 12:5ab (in all the passages in 2 Cor except the first dependent on καυχάομαι, καύχημα, καύχησις); 2 Th 1:4 (ἐγκαυχᾶσθαι). With reference to (Demosth. 21, 121) 2 Cor 8:23; 2 Th 2:1. ἡ ἐλπὶς ἡμῶν βεβαία ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν our hope with reference to you is unshaken 2 Cor 1:7 (ἐλπὶς ὑ. τινος ‘for someth.’ Socrat., Ep. 6, 5 [p. 234, 28 Malherbe]).

B. w. acc. marker of a degree beyond that of a compared scale of extent, in the sense of excelling, surpassing, over and above, beyond, more than (so always PsSol; TestAbr A 4 p. 81, 29 [Stone p. 10] al.; TestJob 38:6 τὰ ὑπὲρ ἡμᾶς; JosAs 1:6 al.; Ath. 17, 1; 32, 1) κεφαλὴ ὑπὲρ πάντα the supreme Head Eph 1:22 (Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 74 §314 ὑπὲρ ἅπαντα). ὑπὲρ δύναμιν beyond one’s strength 2 Cor 1:8; cp. 8:3 v.l. (OGI 767, 19f ὑπὲρ δύναμιν; Cyranides p. 63, 22 ὑπὲρ λόγον). Also ὑπὲρ ὸ̔ δύνασθε 1 Cor 10:13. μὴ ὑπὲρ ἃ γέγραπται not (to go) beyond what is written 1 Cor 4:6a (s. WLütgert, Freiheitspredigt u. Schwarmgeister in Korinth 1908, 97ff; ASchlatter, Die korinth. Theologie 1914, 7ff; OLinton, StKr 102, 1930, 425–37; LBrun, ibid. 103, ’31, 453–56; PWallis, TLZ 75, ’50, 506–8; ALegault, NTS 18, ’71/72, 227–31; PMarshall, Hybrists Not Gnostics in Corinth: SBLSP 23, 84, 275–87; on the prob. imagery of a school exercise in which children learn to stay between the lines, s. RTyler, CBQ 60, ’98, 97–103; a public foundational document containing bylaws, JHanges, JBL 117, ’98, 275–98 [pap and ins]). ὑπὲρ ἃ λέγω ποιήσεις you will do even more than I ask Phlm 21. ὑπέρ τι καὶ καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν ὑπερευφραίνομαι I feel an exceeding and overwhelming joy B 1:2.—After an adj. in comp. or superl. for ἤ than: mostly so after the comp. (Judg 11:25 B; 15:2 B; 18:26 B; 3 Km 19:4; Ps 18:11; Hab 1:8) τομώτερος ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν μάχαιραν Hb 4:12. Cp. Lk 16:8; J 12:43 v.l.; MPol 18:2. In an unusually compressed statement: τοὺς ἀποστόλους ὄντας ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν ἁμαρτίαν ἀνομωτέρους the apostles, who were more lawless than (people who commit) any and every sin B 5:9; rarely after the superl. (TestAbr A 2 p. 78, 25 [Stone p. 4]) γλυκυτάτη ὑπὲρ τὸ μέλι Hm 5, 1, 6. Likew. after verbs that express the idea of comparison ἡσσώθητε (=ἐγένεσθε ἥσσονες) ὑπὲρ τὰς λοιπὰς ἐκκλησίας, were you treated worse than the other churches? 2 Cor 12:13.—‘More than’ also takes on the sense more exalted or excellent or glorious than; as the timeless one (ἄχρονος), Christ is called ὁ ὑπὲρ καιρόν the one who is exalted beyond time IPol 3:2. ὑπὲρ θάνατον exalted above death ISm 3:2. οὐκ ἔστιν μαθητὴς ὑπὲρ τὸν διδάσκαλον a disciple is not superior to his teacher Mt 10:24a; Lk 6:40.—Mt 10:24b; Ac 26:13; Phil 2:9. οὐκέτι ὡς δοῦλον ἀλλὰ ὑπὲρ δοῦλον no longer as a slave, but as someth. better than a slave Phlm 16. τῷ δυναμένῳ ὑπὲρ πάντα ποιῆσαι to (God) who is able to do greater things than all (we can ask or imagine) Eph 3:20.— More than (PsSol 17:43; TestGad 7:1) ἀγαπᾶν ὑμᾶς ὑπὲρ τὴν ψυχήν μου (JosAs 13:11) B 1:4; cp. 4:6; 19:5; D 2:7. φιλεῖν Mt 10:37ab. ἀρέσει αὐτῷ ὑπὲρ μόσχον 1 Cl 52:2 (Ps 68:32). λάμπειν IEph 19:2. προκόπτειν Gal 1:14. στίλβειν Hs 9, 2, 2.

C. adv. use even more. The adv. use of ὑπέρ is, so far, almost unknown outside the NT (but s. L-S-J-M s.v. ὑπέρ E; Schwyzer II 518; Ursing 49 cites fr. an Aesop-ms. ὅπερ ἔτι ὑπὲρ ἀπεδέξατο, where all the other mss. have μᾶλλον [Phil 3:4 ἐγὼ μᾶλλον]. On the adv. use of other prepositions s. Kühner-G. I p. 526f). διάκονοι Χριστοῦ εἰσιν; ὑπὲρ ἐγώ are they assistants of of Christ? I am so even more (than they) 2 Cor 11:23 (W-H. accent ὕπερ; s. Mlt-Turner 250). Wallis (s. B above) classes 1 Cor 4:6 here.—RBieringer: The Four Gospels, Festschr. FNeirynck, ed. FvanSegbroeck et al. ’92, I 219–48. On ὑπὲρ ἄγαν, ὑπὲρ ἐκεῖνα, ὑπὲρ ἐκπερισσοῦ, ὑπὲρ λίαν s. ὑπεράγαν, ὑπερέκεινα, ὑπερεκπερισσοῦ (-ῶς), ὑπερλίαν.—DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW.

χαίρω mid. by-form χαίρεται TestAbr s. below; impf. ἔχαιρον; fut. χαρήσομαι (B-D-F §77; Mlt-H. 264); 2 aor. pass. ἐχάρην (Hom.+).

① to be in a state of happiness and well-being, rejoice, be glad opp. κλαίειν J 16:20; Ro 12:15ab (Damasc., Vi. Isid. 284 χαρίεις πρὸς τοὺς χαρίεντας); 1 Cor 7:30ab; Hv 3, 3, 2. Opp. λύπην ἔχειν J 16:22. W. ἀγαλλιᾶσθαι (Hab 3:18; TestJob 43:15; ParJer 6:20; cp. TestAbr A 11 p. 89, 17 [Stone p. 26]) Mt 5:12; 1 Pt 4:13b; cp. Rv 19:7; GJs 17:2. W. εὐφραίνεσθαι (Jo 2:23 al. in LXX) Lk 15:32; Rv 11:10. W. σκιρτᾶν Lk 6:23. W. acc. of inner obj. (B-D-F §153, 1; Rob. 477) χ. χαρὰν μεγάλην be very glad (Jon 4:6; JosAs 3:4 al.) Mt 2:10. τῇ χαρᾷ ᾗ (by attraction for ἥν) χαίρομεν 1 Th 3:9. Also χαρᾷ χ., which prob. betrays the infl. of the OT (Is 66:10), J 3:29 (B-D-F §198, 6; Rob. 531; 550). The ptc. is used w. other verbs with joy, gladly (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 40 §169 ἄπιθι χαίρων; 3 Km 8:66; Eutecnius 4 p. 43, 7 ἄπεισι χαίρουσα; Laud. Therap. 12 χαίρων ἐστέλλετο) ὑπεδέξατο αὐτον χαίρων Lk 19:6; cp. vs. 37; 15:5; Ac 5:41; 8:39.—The obj. of or reason for the joy is denoted in var. ways: w. simple dat. τοῖς τὰ πολλὰ λέγουσιν those who are (merely) garrulous Papias (2:3) (Aristonous 1, 45 [p. 164 Coll. Alex.]; Just., A I, 5, 3 al.; Orig., C. Cels. 8, 69, 20; s. also below on Ro 12:12) or prep. χαίρειν ἐπί τινι rejoice over someone or someth. (Soph. et al.; X., Cyr. 8, 4, 12, Mem. 2, 6, 35; Pla., Leg. 5, 729d; Diod S 1, 25, 2; Plut., Mor. 87e; 1088e; BGU 531 I, 4 [I A.D.]; POxy 41, 17; Tob 13:15ab; Pr 2:14; 24:19; Bar 4:33; JosAs 4:4; Jos., Ant. 1, 294; 3, 32; Ar. 15, 7; Just., D. 28, 4; Iren. 1, 16, 3 [Harv I 163, 9]) Mt 18:13; Lk 1:14; 13:17; Ac 15:31; Ro 16:19; 1 Cor 13:6; 16:17; 2 Cor 7:13; Rv 11:10; Hs 5, 2, 5 and 11; 8, 1, 16; 8, 5, 1 and 6; Dg 11:5. Also διά w. acc. (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 102 §428; EpArist 42) J 3:29; 11:15 the ὅτι-clause gives the reason, and δί ὑμᾶς is for your sakes = in your interest; cp. 1 Th 3:9. ἔν τινι (Soph., Trach. 1118; Pla., Rep. 10, 603c; En 104:13) Hs 1:11. ἐν τούτῳ over that Phil 1:18a (for other functions of ἐν s. below). περί τινος in someth. (Pla., Ep. 2, 310e.—περὶ πλοῦτον Did., Gen. 150, 8) 1 Cl 65:1. ἵνα μὴ λύπην σχῶ ἀφʼ ὧν ἔδει με χαίρειν (either ἀπὸ τούτων ἀφʼ ὧν or ἀπὸ τούτων οἷς) 2 Cor 2:3. The reason or object is given by ὅτι (Lucian, Charon 17; Ex 4:31; Just., A II, 2, 7) Lk 10:20b; J 11:15 (s. above); 14:28; 2 Cor 7:9, 16; Phil 4:10; 2J 4. χ. ἐν τούτῳ ὅτι Lk 10:20a. χ. ὅταν 2 Cor 13:9. χ. … γάρ Phil 1:18b (19). The reason or obj. is expressed by a ptc. (X., Cyr. 1, 5, 12; Pla., Rep. 5, 458a; Dio Chrys. 22 [39], 1 al.; PGM 4, 1212 χαίρεις τοὺς σοὺς σῴζων; 1611; Just., D. 114, 4): ἰδόντες τὸν ἀστέρα ἐχάρησαν Mt 2:10; cp. Lk 23:8; J 20:20; Ac 11:23; Phil 2:28; Hv 3, 12, 3. ἀκούσαντες ἐχάρησαν they were delighted by what they heard Mk 14:11; cp. Ac 13:48; Hv 3, 3, 2.—1 Cl 33:7; Dg 5:16. λαβόντες τὰ ἐδέμσματα ἐχάρησαν Hs 5, 2, 10. W. gen. and ptc. (as Just., D. 85, 6) 9, 11, 7. If χαίρειν is also in the ptc., καί comes betw. the two participles: χαίρων καὶ βλέπων (and) it is with joy that I see Col 2:5. ἐχάρην ἐρχομένων ἀδελφῶν καὶ μαρτυρούντων I was glad when some fellow-Christians came and testified 3J 3.—τῇ ἐλπίδι χαίρ. Ro 12:12 is not ‘rejoice over the hope’ (the dat. stands in this mng. X., Mem. 1, 5, 4; Theopompus [IV B.C.]: 115 Fgm. 114 Jac.; Epict., App. D, 3 [p. 479 Sch.] ἀρετῇ χ.; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 28, 137 οἷς ὁ θεὸς χ.; Pr 17:19), but rather rejoice in hope or filled with hope (B-D-F §196). τὸ ἐφʼ ὑμῖν χαίρω as far as you are concerned, I am glad Ro 16:19 v.l. In the majority of cases in our lit. ἐν does not introduce the cause of the joy (s. above): χαίρω ἐν τοῖς παθήμασιν I rejoice in the midst of (though because of is also poss.) (the) suffering(s) Col 1:24 (the Engl. ‘in’ conveys both ideas). χαίρ. ἐν κυρίῳ Phil 3:1; 4:4a, 10 (the imperatives in 3:1; 4:4ab are transl. good-bye [so Hom. et al.] by Goodsp., s. Probs. 174f; this would class them under 2a below). Abs. Lk 22:5; J 4:36; 8:56 (EbNestle, Abraham Rejoiced: ET 20, 1909, 477; JMoulton, ‘Abraham Rejoiced’: ibid. 523–28); 2 Cor 6:10; 7:7; 13:11; Phil 2:17f; 4:4b (s. Goodsp. above); 1 Th 5:16; 1 Pt 4:13a; cp. 13b; GPt 6:23; Hv 3, 3, 3f; Hs 1:11; 5, 3, 3; GJs 16:3.—On the rare mid. χαιρόμενος (TestAbr A 11 p. 89, 21 [Stone p. 26] χαίρεται καὶ ἀγάλλεται) Ac 3:8 D, s. Mlt. 161 w. note 1; B-D-F §307.

② in impv., a formalized greeting wishing one well, also in indicative, to use such a greeting (in effect, to express that one is on good terms w. the other, cp. Soph., Oed. R. 596 νῦν πᾶσι χαίρω=now I bid everyone good day)

ⓐ in spoken address, oft. on meeting people (Hom. et al.; also χαίροις TestAbr A 16 p. 97, 21 [Stone p. 42]; B 13 p. 117, 18 [82]; JosAs 8:2; GrBar 11:6f; loanw. in rabb.) χαῖρε, χαίρετε welcome, good day, hail (to you), I am glad to see you, somet. (e.g. Hermas)=how do you do? or simply hello Mt 26:49; 27:29; 28:9 (here perh. specif. good morning [Lucian, Laps. inter Salutandum 1 τὸ ἑωθινὸν … χαίρειν; also scholia p. 234, 13 Rabe; Cass. Dio 69, 18; Nicetas Eugen. 2, 31 H.; so Goodsp., Probs. 45f; he translates Lk 1:28 and the 2J and H passages in the same way]); Mk 15:18; Lk 1:28; GJs 11:1 (Ps.-Callisth. 1, 4, 2 Nectanebos says to Olympia upon entering her room: χαίροις Μακεδόνων βασίλεια); J 19:3 (on the sarcastic greeting as king cp. Diod S 34 + 35, Fgm. 2, 8f [Eunus]); Hv 1, 1, 4; 1, 2, 2ab; 4, 2, 2ab. χαίρειν τινὶ λέγειν greet someone, bid someone the time of day (Epict. 3, 22, 64; pass.: χαίρειν αὐτοῖς ὑφʼ ἡμῶν λέγεσθαι Iren. 1, 16, 3 [Harv. I 162, 11]) 2J 10f.—On the poss. sense farewell, good-bye for Phil 3:1; 4:4 s. 1 above, end.

ⓑ elliptically at the beginning of a letter greetings (X., Cyr. 4, 5, 27; Theocr. 14, 1; Plut., Ages. 607 [21, 10]=Mor. 213a; Aelian, VH 1, 25; Jos., Vi. 217; 365; Mel., HE 4, 26, 13; pap [Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 477–82; HLietzmann, Griech. Pap.: Kl. T. 14², 1910; Witkowski, Epistulae; GMilligan, Selections fr. the Gk. Pap.² 1911]; LXX.—B-D-F §389; 480, 5; Rob. 944; 1093. GGerhard, Untersuchungen zur Gesch. des griech. Briefes, diss. Heidelb. 1903, Philol 64, 1905, 27–65; FZiemann, De Epistularum Graecarum Formulis Sollemnibus: Dissertationes Philologicae Halenses XVIII/4, 1911; PWendland, Die urchristl. Literaturformen^{2, 3} 1912, 411–17 [Suppl. 15: Formalien des Briefes]; WSchubart, Einführung in die Papyruskunde 1918; Dssm., LO 116ff=LAE 146ff [lit.]; FExler, The Form of the Ancient Gk. Letter 1923; ORoller, D. Formular d. paul. Briefe ’33; RArcher, The Ep. Form in the NT: ET 63, ’51f, 296–98; Pauly-W. III 836ff; VII 1192ff; Kl. Pauly II 324–27; BHHW I 272f) τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς … χαίρειν greetings to the brethren Ac 15:23; cp. 23:26; Js 1:1; AcPlCor 1:1; 2:1. Ign. uses the common formula πλεῖστα χαίρειν (πολύς 3bα) IEph ins; IMg ins; ITr ins; IRo ins; ISm ins; IPol ins.—The introduction to B is unique: χαίρετε, υἱοὶ καὶ θυγατέρες, ἐν ὀνόματι κυρίου, ἐν εἰρήνῃ 1:1.—JLieu, ‘Grace to you and Peace’, The Apostolic Greeting: BJRL 68, ’85, 161–78.—Schmidt, Syn. II 550–73. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW.

1 authoritative, powerful, commanding, dominant.

Se me pasó el bus I missed the bus.

2 authoritarian, despotic, dictatorial, domineering.

* * *

► adjetivo

1 authoritarian

* * *

* * *

* * *

- ria adjetivo authoritarian

* * *

= authoritarian, imperious, assertive, dictatorial, authoritative, controlling, bossy [bossier -comp., bossiest -sup.], peremptory, overbearing.

Ex. Examples would include deliberately contriving an authoritarian atmosphere, either institutional, by means of rules and regulations, or personal, by means of academic status, for instance.

Ex. As she ascended the staircase to the library director's office, she tried to fathom the reason for the imperious summons.

Ex. I tried to say at the very outset of my remarks that there probably has not been sufficient consumer-like and assertive leverage exerted upon our chief suppliers.

Ex. However, her strong-mindedness, dictatorial tactics, and attempts to dominate her teachers and staff have made her many enemies.

Ex. While the operating instructions must be regarded as authoritative, they should not be seen as sacrosanct tablets of stone.

Ex. The implications here are that the organizational climate must be nurturing rather than coercive, empowering rather than controlling.

Ex. Regardless of gender, problem drinking was mainly related to traits of negative masculinity ( bossy, noisy, aggressive, etc) whereas binge eating was mainly related to negative femininity (shy, needs approval from others, etc).

Ex. The author's argumentation is vehement, sometimes peremptory, but not conclusive.

Ex. Overbearing parents are likely to raise obsessive kids, according to a new study.

* * *

- ria adjetivo authoritarian

* * *

* * *

1 ‹gobierno/doctrina› authoritarian

2 ‹persona/carácter› authoritarian

* * *

◊ - ria adjetivo

* * *

♦ adj

1. [persona] authoritarian

2. [gobierno] authoritarian

♦ nm,f

authoritarian

* * *

adj authoritarian

* * *

autoritario, - ria adj

: authoritarian

familiar in the twinkling of an eye

in the twinkling of an eye

* * *

* * *

= in the blink of an eye, in the twinkling of an eye, in a snap, in a jiffy, in the time it takes to flick a switch, at the flick of a switch, with the flick of a switch, in a flash, in no time at all, in next to no time, in no time, with the tip of a hat, in and out in a flash, in a heartbeat, as quick as a wink, at the drop of a hat, in a trice

Ex. Society has moved from micro to macro scale in almost the blink of an eye.

Ex. You can send an email message from Boston to Addis Ababa in a twinkling of an eye, but that message may be expunged in a second twinkling.

Ex. Firefox installs in a snap, and it's free.

Ex. The article is entitled 'Chemistry in a Jiffy'.

Ex. In the time it takes to flick a switch, the party can disintegrate into a free-for-all of petty bickering.

Ex. It may now be possible to lower your blood pressure at the flick of a switch by stimulating parts of the brain with electrodes.

Ex. Either armor piercing or high explosive ammunition may be selected with the flick of a switch.

Ex. In a flash, without a moment wasted on intelligent astonishment, the poor accosted earthling gives a detailed description of the instrument he apparently assumes without further investigation the stranded space man needs.

Ex. In no time at all, the printing revolution also changed institutions, including the educational system.

Ex. What we call the universe, in short, came from almost nowhere in next to no time.

Ex. Follow each of these tips, and you'll be on the road to success in no time.

Ex. These people have absolutely no scruples, commiting genocide with the tip of a hat.

Ex. Burglars could be in and out in a flash and it may be hours before you even realise that anything is missing.

Ex. Life is too short, and it can be over in a heartbeat.

Ex. And quick as a wink, Jack picked up the coin and put it into his purse.

Ex. Sometimes these tantrums start at the drop of a hat for often no apparent reason other than the fact that he's 2 years old.

Ex. In a trice we find ourselves left without civilisation -- just a push of a wrong button and everything goes straight to a primitive state.

* * *

touchy, delicate, jumpy, finicky.

* * *

► adjetivo

1 finicky, fussy, touchy

► nombre masculino,nombre femenino

1 fusspot

* * *

1) (=susceptible) touchy, oversensitive; (=irritable) irritable; (=perfeccionista) pernickety *, persnickety (EEUU) *, choosy, fussy

2) (=preocupado por nimiedades) too bothered about petty details

* * *

- sa adjetivo (meticuloso, exigente) fussy, picky (colloq); ( susceptible) touchy

* * *

= fastidious, nitpicking [nit-picking], irritable, fussy [fussier -comp., fussiest -sup.], quibbler, finicky [finickier -comp., finickiest -sup.], fusspot, fussbudget, picky [pickier -comp., pickiest -sup.].

Ex. Some of them will be sufficiently bizarre to suit the most fastidious connoisseur of the present artifacts of civilization.

Ex. Librarians are expected, by their popular media image, to be fussy, nit-picking, pedants.

Ex. 'Searching' or even 'ordering' would be better, so long as we didn't imply by either of them an ' irritable reaching after fact and reason'.

Ex. Librarians are expected, by their popular media image, to be fussy, nit-picking, pedants.

Ex. They attacked him, not as grammarians and philologists, but as quibblers, cavillers; not with arguments, but insults.

Ex. After all, even a healthy cat can become finicky when offered an unfamiliar meal.

Ex. As for Steve, he traded his days as a bachelor for life with a fusspot.

Ex. And they're playing an odd couple reminiscent of Neil Simon's classic pairing of a fussbudget and a slob.

Ex. If by chance she gets close to a boy that she likes she suddenly get very picky and think of all his negative points.

----

* ser demasiado quisquilloso = put + too fine a point on, split + hairs.

* ser muy quisquilloso = be picky.

* * *

- sa adjetivo (meticuloso, exigente) fussy, picky (colloq); ( susceptible) touchy

* * *

* * *

(meticuloso, exigente): es terriblemente quisquilloso y no le gusta que nadie toque sus cosas he is terribly particular and he doesn't like anyone touching his things

ningún hotel le vino bien, es tan quisquilloso none of the hotels suited him, he's so hard to please o so choosy o so fussy

2 (susceptible) touchy

* * *

◊ -sa adjetivo (meticuloso, exigente) fussy, picky (colloq);

* * *

♦ adj

1. [detallista] pernickety

2. [susceptible] touchy, oversensitive

♦ nm,f

1. [detallista] nit-picker

2. [susceptible] touchy person;

ser un quisquilloso to be touchy

* * *

adj touchy

* * *

quisquilloso, -sa adj

: fastidious, fussy

quisquilloso, -sa n

: fussy person, fussbudget

* * *

quisquilloso adj

1. (exigente) fussy [comp. fussier; superl. fussiest]

2. (susceptible) touchy [comp. touchier; superl. touchiest]