flores+v

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    Ver, veris, n. g. Printemps, Prime vere, Le renouveau.

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    Primo vere. Plin. Au commencement du printemps, A la prime vere.

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    Nidificum. Seneca. Auquel les oiseauls font leurs nids.

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    Purpureum. Virgil. Produisant abondance de fleurs de couleur de pourpre.

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    Incipit ver. Cic. Il est le printemps.

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    Rubens ver. Virgil. Produisant fleurs vermeilles.

carpo, carpsī, carptum, ere (vgl. καρπός, ›Abgepflücktes‹, ahd. herbist, ›Zeit des Abpflückens, Erntens‹), rupfen, I) rupfweise wegnehmen, rupfen, abrupfen, A) eig.: 1) mit der Hand, d.i. a) einen Teil vom Ganzen = pflücken, abpflücken, abreißen, flores ex arbore, Ov.: uvam de palmite, Verg.: herbas manibus, Col.: c. manu (Ggstz. convellere ferro), Verg.: coronas ex collo, Hor.: inter cornua saetas, ausreißen, Verg. – b) ein Ganzes in Teile = rupfen, zupfen, vellera, Verg.: mollia lanae fila, Ambros. in Luc. 8, 11: lana mollis bene carpta (woher das franz. charpie), Cels.: pensum, zupfen, spinnen, Hor. u.a.: cibos digitis, an den Sp. klauben, Ov. – dah. scherzh. stolidum pleno vellere carpe pecus, v. Rupfen, d.i. Prellen der reichen Liebhaber, Prop. 1, 13 (16), 8: so auch c. amantem, Ov. am. 1, 8, 91. – 2) mit dem Munde: a) einen Teil vom Ganzen abrupfen = abfressen, von Tieren, alia animalia carpunt, Cic.: gramen (v. Pferden), Verg.: insbes. v. Bienen = ab- od. aussaugen, cibum, Varr. – u. poet. v. Menschen, oscula, Küsse rauben, Prop. u.a. – b) ein Ganzes in Teilen ab- od. ausfressen, v. Vögeln, iecur, Ov.: v. Bienen = ab- od. aussaugen, thyma, Hor.: flores, Macr. – u. prägn. von Menschen, zu sich nehmen, genießen, speisen, unumquicquid, quod quidem erit bellissimum, carpam, Ter.: mullum,

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leporem, Mart. – B) übtr.: 1) pflücken, abpflücken, a) einen Teil vom Ganzen = sich aussuchen, auswählen, flosculos, Cic.: paucos ad ignominiam, Cic. – b) poet.: α) pflücken = nach u. nach od. mit Muße genießen, molles sub divo somnos, Verg.: auras vitales, Verg., od. bl. auras, Sil. – diem, Hor.: aetatem, Catull. – β) einen Raum Strecke für Strecke zurücklegen, ihn durchziehen, durcheilen, durchfliegen, Ov.: prata fugā, durchfliehen, Verg.: aethereum volucri pede iter, Ov.: aëra alis, Ov.: hāc duce carpe vias, Ov.: mare, durchfahren, Ov. – od. einen Gang, eine Bewegung im Raume Strecke für Strecke vornehmen, iter od. viam, gehen, wandeln, Verg., Hor. u.a.: supremum iter, den letzten Gang gehen = sterben, Hor.: fugam, fliehen, Sil.: volatus, fliegen, Stat. – 2) rupfen, a) mit Worten, durchhecheln, herunterreißen, tüchtig mitnehmen, bekritteln, verkleinern (s. Döring Plin. ep. 1, 9, 5), alqm maledico dente, Cic.: alqm sermonibus, Liv.: alqm sinistris sermonibus, Plin. ep.: militum vocibus carpi, Caes.: hoc, Vell.: nostros libellos, Ov.: studium non utile, tadeln, Ov.: famam vitamqae, Plin. pan.: c. et detorquere recte facta, Plin. ep. – b) als milit. t. t., dem Feinde durch wiederholte Neckereien od. Scharmützel (wobei man einzelne wegfängt od. tötet) Abbruch tun, ihn durch Angriffe auf verschiedenen Seiten necken u. schwächen (s. Fabri

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Liv. 22, 16, 2), equitatu agmen adversariorum, Caes.: novissimum agmen od. novissimos, Caes. u. Liv. – dah. im Bilde, numerosum agmen (Schar) reorum posse superari, si per singulos carperetur, wenn man sie einzeln abtue, Plin. ep.: (ira) graves habet impetus; tota vincetur, dum partibus carpitur, wenn man ihm teilweise etwas von seiner Stärke nimmt, Sen. – c) übh. nach u. nach schwächen, -entkräften, -mitnehmen, -verzehren (vgl. Drak. Sil. 2, 458), vires paulatim, Verg.: labor carpit corpus, Ov.: caeco carpi igni, Verg.: carpi parvis cotidie damnis vires suas, verlieren an Zahl, Liv. – II) prägn. = concerpere, discerpere, A) eig.: a) klein hacken, pullus carptus, Apic. 4, 133: Ggstz., pullus integer vel carptus, Apic. 6, 251. – b) zerreißen, zerfleischen, iecur, Ov.: viscera dente, Ov.: alqm, Sen. de ira 3, 18, 2. – B) übtr., zerstückeln, zersplittern (vgl. Drak. Liv. 3, 5, 1), in multas parvasque partes exercitum, Liv.: multifariam vires Romanas, Liv.: quia totum potest excidere, quod potest carpi, Sen.: Etymandrum (fluvium), in Kanäle zersplittern, Curt.: carpenda membris minutioribus oratio est, man muß den Vortrag in kleinere Glieder zerstückeln, in kurzen, abgerissenen Sätzen sprechen, Cic. de or. 3, 190: vix pauca verba carpebat, er gab ein paar abgerissene Worte von sich, Hier. ep. 125, 18. – ⇒ Nbf. carpeo, ēre, zB. carpeas, Apic. 4, 151: Nbf. carpio, wovon carpiunt, Vict. Vit.

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3, 66.

dē-cerpo, cerpsī, cerptum, ere (de u. carpo), abrupfen, rupfend abbrechen, I) eig.: a) mit der Hand, abrupfen, abpflücken, rupfend, pflückend abbrechen, abreißen, aristas, Ov.: ficum, Iuven.: flores, Lucr., Ov. u. Plin. (auch im Bilde, flores modo rerum, Plin.): folia hederae ac vitium, Curt.: omnia folia (ramulorum), Col.: herbas, Ov.: malum, Plin.: uvam, Hor., Plin. u. Plin. ep.: pira, Hor.: tertium ante diem scitote pomum decerptum Carthagine, Cato fr. – mit Abl. womit? aurea poma manu suā, Ov.: laureae ramulos festinabundā manu (im Bilde, v. Ehrgeizigen), Val. Max. 2, 8, 5: haerentem florem pollice, Ov.: lilia tenero ungui, Prop. – m. Advv., m. de od. ex u. Abl., od. m. bl. Abl. von wo? inde (aus dem Lorbeerhain) laureas, Suet.: undique olivam, Hor.: acina de uvis, Cato: mala de arboribus, Hygin.: ex abiete praetenuia fila, Plin.: pomum arbore, Ov., od. adducto ramo, Ov. – b) mit dem Munde usw.: α) einen Teil vom Ganzen abrupfen, atque ita decerpens aequabat semper opus dens, Catull. 64, 315: oscula mordenti rostro, Catull. 68, 127. – β) ein Ganzes in Teilen abfressen, aussaugen, thymum (v. Bienen), Plin. 21, 56: ora puellae, benaschen, Ps.. Verg. cop. 33. – II) übtr.: 1) im Sinne des Entnehmens: a) übh., m. ex u. Abl., humanus animus decerptus ex mente divina, ein Ausfluß aus dem göttlichen Geiste, Cic. Tusc. 5, 38:

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nihil sibi ex ista laude centurio, nihil praefectus, nihil cohors, nihil turma decerpit, eignet sich an, Cic. Marc. 7. – b) insbes.: α) auswählend herausnehmen, entnehmen, auswählen, habent tamen alii quoque comici, si cum venia leguntur, quaedam quae possis decerpere, enthalten manche Ausbeute, Quint.: ex hac (materia) aliquid in usum principii, Quint. – β) pflücken = einernten, genießen, fructus ex re, Hor.: decus primae pugnae, Sil.: primas noctes tecum epulis, Pers.: illibatam virginitatem, Sen. rhet. – 2) im Sinne des Wegnehmens, a) vermindernd abbrechen, Abbruch tun, m. de od. ex u. Abl., haberi dixisti rationem oportere hominum, rei, temporis, ne quid iocus de gravitate decerperet, Cic.: nihil ex cuiusquam dignitate, nihil ex libertate decerpseris, kränke keinen an usw., Plin. ep.: nec hāc re de principatu quidquam decerpsit, Val. Max. – b) vernichtend, vereitelnd, zerstörend entblättern, quae (invidia) spes tantas decerpat, Quint. 6. prooem. § 10.

dē-fluo, flūxī, ere = καταῤῥέω, abfließen, I) im allg., herabfließen, abfließen, A) eig.: a) v. Wasser u. v. Gewässern u. v. andern Flüssigkeiten: α) v. Wasser u. v. Gewässern: aqua defluens, Cels.: montani defluentes rivi, Amm.: plenior unda defluit, Albinov. consol. Liv.: Borysthenes liquidissimus defluit, Mela: Hypanis diu qualis natus est defluit, Mela: defluit incerto lapidosus murmure rivus, Ov.: a celeritate, quā defluit, Tigri nomen est inditum, Curt. – m. per u. Akk., umor in puteis per venam auri defluens, Plin.: per arbores non defluunt imbres, Plin.: per Iberas et Hyrcanos diu et multum distantibus alveis defluunt (v. zwei Flüssen), Mela. – m. Abl. (von wo herab?) od. m. ex u. Abl., defluit saxis umor, Hor.: flumen Clurda Tauro monte defluens, Sall. fr.: defluens ex eo (fonte) rivus, Lact.: Tanais amnis ex Ripaeis montibus defluens, Plin. – m. praeter u. Akk., amnis praeter coloniam defluens, Plin. – m. Adv. (wohin?) od. m. in u. Akk., Anaxum, quo (wo) Varamus (der Fluß V.) defluit, Plin.: Rhenus, ubi Oceano appropinquavit, in plures defluit partes, fließt nach mehreren Seiten hin = teilt sich in mehrere Arme, Caes.: amnes clari in Oceanum defluunt, Plin.: Tanais in mediam fere Maeotida defluit, Mela: aqua pluvia in locum humiliorem e superioribus defluens, Plin. – u. im Bilde, hoc totum (orationis genus) e sophistarum fontibus defluxit in

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forum, Cic. or. 96. – β) v. andern Flüssigkeiten: sanguen eis (vulneribus) defluxerat, Cato: defluent pituita, Plin.: lac, quod in ungue haeret nec defluit, Plin.: mustum sponte defluens, Plin. – m. per u. Akk., per os continens pituita defluit, Cels.: argentum vivum per pelles sudoris vice defluens, Plin. – m. Adv. od. durch Abl. von wo? von wo herab? od. m. ab od. ex u. Abl., mella frondibus defluunt, Mela: sudor a capite et a fronte defluens, Cic.: sanguis, qui defluit a renibus, Plin.: arbores, ex quibus mel defluit, Plin.: sucus ex ipsa (filice) defluens, Plin.: nec tantum Niobae bis sex ad busta superbae sollicito lacrimae defluit a Sipylo, Prop. – m. in od. ad od. extra u. Akk., si quando in scrotum sanguis defluxit, Cels.: quod primum defluxerit in rotundum labrum, Col.: aes ipsum in catinos defluit, scoria extra fornaces, Plin.: potus defluit ad pulmonem, Gell. – b) v. trockenen Ggstdn. auf dem Wasser, herab- od. hinabschwimmen, m. Abl., wo herab? m. ab u. Abl., m. ad u. Akk. od. m. Acc. loc., α) v. sächl. Subjj.: dolia medio amni defluxerunt, Liv.: nuces fusae (die hineingeschütteten) ab Romanis castris medio amni ad Casilinum defluxerunt, Liv.: so nuces sparsae aquā ferente ad oppidum defluxerunt, Frontin. – β) v. leb. Wesen, teils v. Tieren, secundo amni, Verg. georg. 3, 447 (von einem Widder): fluvio secundo, Verg. Aen. 7, 495 (v. einem Hirsche). – teils von Menschen =

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herab- od. hinabsegeln, secundo amni, Liv.: cum paucis navigiis secundo amni, Liv.: Ostiam Tiberi, Suet.: ad insulam, Curt.

B) übtr., herabfließen = allmählich, sanft herab kommen, -herabfallen, -herabgleiten, -herabsinken, m. Adv. (von wo? von wo herab?) od. m. ab od. ex u. Abl., m. in od. ad. u. Akk., a) im konkr. Sinne: iam ipsae defluebant coronae, Cic.: gleba cum regis capiti incĭdisset resoluta defluxit, Curt.: flores arescunt et defluunt, Hyg.: simul defluit fructus, Plin.: ne quid excĭdat aut ne quid in terram defluat, Cic.: ad terram tacito defluxit fistula lapsu, Claud. – tanta flamma ex Aetna monte defluxit, ut etc., Liv. fr. – So insbes.: α) v. der Kleidung, v. Haar, im guten Sinne = herabwallen, pedes vestis defluxit ad imos, Verg. Aen. 1, 104: ut sinus ex composito defluens modum lateris (die Taille) ambiret, Macr. sat. 3, 13, 4: defluentem leniter flectens comam, Prud. perist. 10, 273. – im üblen Sinne = schlapp herabhängen, rusticius tonso toga defluit et male laxus (zu schl. = schlotterig) in pede calceus haeret, Hor. sat. 1, 3, 31 sq. – β) v. Reiter, selten im guten Sinne = sich vom Pferde herabschwingen, portisque ab equo regina sub ipsis desiluit, quam tota cohors imitata relictis ad terram defluxit equis, Verg. Aen. 11, 499 sqq. – gew. im üblen Sinne = vom Pferde herabgleiten, herabsinken (v.

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Verwundeten), ille gravi subito devinctus vulnere habenas misit equi lapsusque in humum defluxit, Furius poët. bei Macr.: moribundus Romanus labentibus super corpus armis ad terram defluxit, Liv.: frenisque manu moriente remissis in latus a dextro paulatim defluit armo, Ov.: haec agentem anima defecit corpusque ex equo defluxit in terram, Curt. – b) im abstr. Sinne: α) übh., herabfließen = herabkommen, quodsi inest in hominum genere mens, fides, virtus, concordia, unde haec in terras nisi ab superis defluere potuerunt? Cic. de nat. deor. 2, 79: philosophorum ingenia Socratico ore defluentia, vom Munde des Sokrates ausgehend (= aus dem Munde des S. ihre Weisheit schöpfend), Vell. 1, 16, 4 H. (Kritz defluentium): ipsum illud primum, a quo defluit (hergekommen ist) secundum, Arnob. 7, 22. – So nun: αα) in absteigender Linie von jmd. herkommen = abstammen, is Gnaeum et Gaium procreavit; a quibus duplex Octaviorum familia defluxit, Suet. Aug. 2, 2. – ββ) ( wie καταῤῥεῑν εἴς τινα) defluere ad alqm od. alci, jmdm. zufließen, zufallen = zuteil werden, necesse est, si quid redundarit de vestro quaestu, ad illum potissimum, per quem agebatis, defluxisse, Cic. Verr. 3, 155: multaque merces, unde potest (von welcher Seite es sein kann = in jeder Beziehung), tibi defluat aequo ab Iove Neptunoque, Hor. carm. 1, 28, 27 sqq. – β) sich entfernend abfließen = allmählich ab-

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gehen (abweichen), allmählich zu etw. übergehen = in etw. verfallen, adulescentes tantum ab eo (Seneca) defluebant (wichen, arteten ab), quantum ille ab antiquis descenderat (gesunken war), Quint. 10, 1, 126. – a necessariis artificiis ad elegantiora defluximus, Cic.: u. im üblen Sinne, nos in omnia deliciarum vitia dicendi quāque ratione defluximus, Quint. – So bes. v. der Rede, v. etw. Höherem zu etw. Geringerem herabkommen, geraten, sed nescio quo pacto ab amicitiis perfectorum hominum ad leves amicitias defluxit oratio, Cic. de amic. 100.

II) prägn., abfließen = wegfließen, ablaufen, sich verlaufen, A) eig., von Gewässern: rusticus exspectat dum defluat amnis; at ille labitur et labetur in omne volubilis aevum, Hor. ep. 1, 2, 42 sq.: cum hiberni defluxere torrentes, Sen. nat. qu. 3, 3.

B) übtr., sich verlieren, vergehen, verlaufen, schwinden, verschwinden, absol., od. m. Adv. (von wo?), m. ex u. Abl. u. m. bl. Abl., a) im konkr. Sinne: celerrime is odor evanescit atque defluit, Plin.: eorum pinguedo sic defluxit, Cael. Aur.: nullus defluat inde color, Tibull.: ignavus defluxit corpore somnus, Tibull.: antequam tenerae sucus defluat praedae (Dat.), Hor. – Insbes., α) v. Haaren, ausfallen, ausgehen, extemplo tristi medicamine tactae defluxere comae, Ov.: vel affluit capillago vel defluit, Tert.: defluit expulsus morbo latitante capillus, Samm.: capillum de-

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fluere prohibet (v. einer Pflanze), Plin.: alci pili maturius defluunt, Plin. – β) v. Blättern u. Blüten, abfallen, folia arescunt et defluunt, Hyg.: folium eius non defluet u. non defluet folium ex eo, Vulg.: flores nominati, quod cito defluant de arboribus, quasi fluores, Isid. – γ) von Kleidern, abfallen, mirum fuit neque defluxisse eas (Servi Tulli praetextas) neque etc., daß sie weder (stückweise) abgefallen sind, noch usw., Plin. 8, 197: semel obsoleti coloris tunica collo inserta non ante deponitur aut mutatur, quam diuturnā carie in pannulos defluxerit defrustata, Amm. 31, 2, 5. – δ) v. leb. Wesen, sich verlaufen, ex queis (= quibus) magna pars defluxere, pauci restitere, Ps. Sall. de rep. 1, 2, 6: ex novem tribunis, quos tunc habueram, unus me absente defluxit, hat sich verzogen od. verloren (ist mir untreu geworden), Cic. Sest. 69. – b) im abstr. Sinne, α) aus dem Gedächtnisse entschwinden, altius iniuriae quam merita descendunt et illa (näml. merita) cito defluunt, has (näml. iniurias) tenax memoria custodit, Sen. de ben. 1, 1, 8: id tibi ne vacuo defluat ex animo, Prop. 1, 20, 2. – β) der Zeit nach verlaufen, ablaufen, entschwinden, ubi salutatio defluxit, litteris me involvo, Cic. ep. 9, 20, 3: sic horridus ille defluxit numerus Saturnius, Hor. ep. 2, 1, 158.

rosa, ae, f. (vgl. ῥόδον), I) die Rose als Blume u. als Strauch, A) als Blume, 1) eig.: a) übh., Cic. u.a.: frutex rosae, Rosenstock, Colum.: rosa hiberna, Mart.: Plur., Paestanae rosae, Mart. 4, 42, 10: rosarum tempus, Augustin. in psalm. 96, 19: rosae rubentes, Hieron. vit. Paul. erem. § 3: rosas cape, Mart. 2, 59, 3: inter vepres rosae nascuntur (sprichw.), Amm. 16, 7, 4: plena rosarum atria, rosigdurchschimmerte Halle, Ov. met. 2, 113. – b) kollektiv = Rosen, Rosenkränze, pulvinus rosā fartus, Cic.: reticulum plenum rosae, Cic.: in rosa, mit Rosen bekränzt, Cic.: so auch redimitus rosā, Cic.: dah. vivere in aeterna rosa, d.i. in ewigem Vergnügen, angenehm, fröhlich (wie wir: in Rosen leben), Mart.: in rosa iaceat, in Wollust, in stetem Vergnügen, Sen. – Sprichw., rosa, ut dicitur, de spinis floruit, Hieron. vit. Hilarion. § 2. – c) als Schmeichelwort, mea rosa, meine Rose, mein Röschen, Plaut.: tu mihi rosa es, Plaut. – 2) meton., die Rosensalbe, das Rosenöl, Cels. 6, 18, 8. – B) die Rose als Strauch, der Rosenstrauch, -stock, flos rosae, Cels., rosarum, Hor.: Plur. flores rosae, Hor., u. flores rosarum, Lucr.: spinae rosarum, Ambros. – rosa Paesti bis florens, unsere Damaszenerrose, Verg.: rosa laurea, Lorbeerrose, Rosenlorbeer, Oleander (Nerium oleander, L.), Apul. – II) übtr., rosae, eine rosenfarbige Zitronenart, noch jetzt ital. mela

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rosa, Edict. Diocl. 6, 68 (wo rhosae geschr.). Apic. 4, 178 (dazu Schuch).

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carpo, psi, ptum, 3 [cf.: rapio, harpazô, karpos; Engl. grab, grip, grasp].

Lit., of plants, flowers, fruits, etc., to pick, pluck, pluck off, cull, crop, gather (class.; in prose and poetry, esp. in the latter very freq.; syn. decerpere).

In gen.:

(flos) tenui carptus ungui,

Cat. 62, 43; Hor. C. 3, 27, 44; Ov. M. 9, 342:

ab arbore flores,

id. ib. 9, 380; cf.

infra, II.: rosam, poma,

Verg. G. 4, 134:

violas et papavera,

id. E. 2, 47:

violas, lilia,

Ov. M. 5, 392:

frondes uncis manibus,

id. G. 2, 366:

plenis pomaria ramis,

Ov. H. 4, 29:

vindemiam de palmite,

Verg. G. 2, 90:

fructus,

id. ib. 2, 501:

frumenta manu,

id. ib. 3, 176.—

Esp.

Of animals, to take something as nourishment (cf. Burm. ad Phaedr. 1, 28, 4); first, of nourishment from plants, to crop, pluck off, browse, graze on, etc. (syn. depascere); also of flesh, to eat, devour (rare):

alia (animalia) sugunt, alia carpunt, alia vorant, alia mandunt,

Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 122:

carpunt gramen equi,

Verg. A. 9, 353; id. G. 2, 201; Ov. M. 1, 299:

herbam,

Verg. G. 3, 296; 3, 465; Ov. M. 13, 927:

pabula,

id. ib. 4, 217; id. F. 4, 750:

alimenta,

id. M. 15, 478:

apes carpunt ex oleā arbore ceram, e fico mel, etc.,

gather, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 24 sq.; cf.:

apis carpens thyma,

Hor. C. 4, 2, 29.— Poet.:

Invidia (personif. envy) summa cacumina carpit,

Ov. M. 2, 792:

nec carpsere jecur volucres,

id. ib. 10, 43; cf. Phaedr. 1, 28, 4.—Sometimes transf., of men:

prandium,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 52:

carpe cibos digitis,

Ov. A. A. 3, 755: pisces, pulles, Mart. 3, 13, 1.—Also, to carve; hence the pun in Petr. 36 fin. —

Poet., of other things, to tear off, tear away:

summas carpens media inter cornua saetas,

Verg. A. 6, 245.—Of wool, to pluck; hence, poet., to spin:

vellera,

Verg. G. 4, 335:

pensa,

id. ib. 1, 390; Prop. 3 (4), 6, 16; Hor. C. 3, 27, 64:

lana carpta,

carded, Cels. 6, 6, 1 (hence, facete: stolidum pecus, to pluck, i. e. to fleece rich lovers, Prop. 2 (3), 16, 8; Ov. A. A. 1, 420):

ex collo furtim coronas,

to pull off, Hor. S. 2, 3, 256:

crinem genasque,

to tear, rend, lacerate, Val. Fl. 8, 7;

so acc. to Servius's inaccurate account, in a fragment of the Twelve Tables: mulier faciem ne carpito,

Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 606 (instead of the real words: MVLIERES. GENAS. NE. RADVNTO.; cf.

Dirks. Fragm. XII. Tab. p. 668): artus in parva frusta,

Sen. Thyest. 1061.—

Trop.

(Acc. to I. A.) To pluck, snatch, etc.:

ut omni ex genere orationem aucuper, et omnes undique flosculos carpam atque delibem,

Cic. Sest. 56, 119; id. de Or. 1, 42, 191:

atque in legendo carpsi exinde quaedam,

Gell. 9, 4, 5: oscula, to pluck, as it were, from the lips, to snatch, Prop. 1, 20, 27; Ov. H. 11, 117 Loers. N. cr.; id. M. 4, 358; Phaedr. 3, 8, 12 al.:

basia,

Mart. 5, 46, 1:

gaudia,

Ov. A. A. 3, 661:

dulcia,

Pers. 5, 151:

regni commoda carpe mei,

Ov. F. 3, 622:

fugitivaque gaudia carpe,

and snatch pleasures as they fly, Mart. 7, 47, 11:

delicias,

Prop. 2 (3), 34, 74.—

Esp.

(Acc. to I. B. 1.) In a good sense, to enjoy, use, make use of (mostly poet.;

syn.: fruor, capio): breve ver et primos carpere flores,

Ov. M. 10, 85 (cf.:

flore aetatis frui,

Liv. 21, 3, 4):

illa mihi sedes, illic mea carpitur aetas,

spent, lived, passed, Cat. 68, 35:

diem,

Hor. C. 1, 11, 8:

honores virtutis,

Val. Fl. 1, 177:

auras vitales,

Verg. A. 1, 388; cf. Sil. 3, 712:

sub dio somnos,

Verg. G. 3, 435:

quietem,

id. A. 7, 414:

soporem,

id. ib. 4, 522:

noctes securas,

Val. Fl. 5, 48; a poet. circumlocution for vivere, degere, etc.—

In a bad sense.

To gnaw at or tear character or reputation, to carp at, slander, calumniate, revile:

more hominum invident, in conviviis rodunt, in circulis vellicant: non illo inimico, sed hoc maledico dente carpunt,

Cic. Balb. 26, 57:

nam is carpebatur a Bibulo, Curione, Favonio,

id. ad Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2:

Paulum obtrectatio carpsit,

Liv. 45, 35, 5:

imperatorem,

id. 44, 38, 2:

quae non desierunt carpere maligni,

Quint. 11, 1, 24:

maligno sermone,

Suet. Aug. 27:

obliquis orationibus,

id. Dom. 2:

nonnihil vocibus,

Caes. B. G. 3, 17:

aliquem sermonibus,

Liv. 7, 12, 12:

sinistris sermonibus,

Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 5:

Ciceronem in his,

Quint. 9, 4, 64:

te ficto quaestu,

Cat. 62, 36 and 37:

et detorquere recte facta,

Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 6:

famam vitamque,

id. Pan. 53, 4; Suet. Calig. 34.—

To rob of strength, to weaken, enfeeble, wear away, consume; or poet., with the idea extended (cf. absumo), to consume completely, to destroy:

vires,

Verg. G. 3, 215; Liv. 9, 27, 6:

quid si carpere singula (jura) et extorquere... patiemini,

id. 34, 3, 2;

esp. of in ward care, anxiety, longing, etc.: at regina, gravi jamdudum saucia curā, Volnus alit venis et caeco carpitur igni,

Verg. A. 4, 2; Ov. M. 3, 490; 10, 370:

solane perpetua maerens carpere juventā?

Verg. A. 4, 32:

curā carpitur ista mei,

Ov. A. A. 3, 680:

aegra assiduo mens carpitur aestu,

Val. Fl. 3, 305; Lucr. 9, 744; Sil. 15, 1:

invidia carpit et carpitur unā,

Ov. M. 2, 781; cf. Prop. 3 (4), 5, 3:

non ego Tot tuos patiar labores carpere lividas Obliviones,

to wear away, Hor. C. 4, 9, 33; cf.: otia corpus alunt, animus quoque pascitur illis;

Inmodicus contra carpit utrumque labor,

Ov. P. 1, 4, 21 sq.:

aras etiam templaque demolitur et obscurat oblivio, neglegit carpitque posteritas,

Plin. Pan. 55, 9:

totum potest excedere quod potest carpi,

Sen. N. Q. 2, 13, 2.—So,

In milit. lang., to inflict injury upon an enemy (esp. by single, repeated attacks), to weaken, harass:

agmen adversariorum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 63:

hostes carpere multifariam vires Romanas,

Liv. 3, 5, 1; 22, 32, 2; 27, 46, 6; cf. id. 3, 61, 13 infra; Weissenb. ad Liv. 22, 16, 2; Tac. A. 12, 32; Luc. 4, 156:

novissimum agmen,

Caes. B. C. 1, 78 fin.:

novissimos,

Liv. 8, 38, 6:

extrema agminis,

id. 6, 32, 11. —

To separate a whole into single parts, to cut to pieces, divide (syn.: dividere, distribuere): neque semper utendum est perpetuitate, sed saepe carpenda membris minutioribus [p. 295] oratio est, Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 190:

in multas parvasque partes carpere exercitum,

Liv. 26, 38, 2:

summam unius belli in multa proelia parvaque,

id. 3, 61, 13:

Erymanthus... ab accolis rigantibus carpitur,

is drawn off into canals, Curt. 8, 9, 410. —With a reference to the meaning

supra:

si erunt plures qui ob innocentem condemnandum pecuniam acceperint, tu non animadvertes in omnis, sed carpes ut velis, et paucos ex multis ad ignominiam sortiere?

distinguish, single out, Cic. Clu. 46, 129; cf.:

in multorum peccato carpi paucos ad ignominiam,

id. ib. —

Viam, iter, etc., or with definite local substantives, terram, mare, litora, etc., to go, tread upon, pass over, navigate, sail along or through, to take or pursue one ' s way (syn. ire):

viam,

Verg. A. 6, 629; Hor. S. 2, 6, 93; Ov. M. 8, 208; 11, 139:

iter,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 95; Ov. H. 18, 34; id. M. 2, 549; 10, 709:

supremum iter = mori,

Hor. C. 2, 17, 12:

gyrum,

to go in a circle, Verg. G. 3, 191:

fugam,

to fly, Sil. 10, 62; cf.:

prata fugā,

Verg. G. 3, 142:

pede viam,

Ov. A. A. 2, 230:

pede iter,

id. F. 3, 604:

pedibus terras, pontum remis,

Prop. 1, 6, 33:

pede campos,

Ov. Tr. 1, 10, 23:

mare,

id. M. 11, 752:

litora,

id. ib. 12, 196;

15, 507: aëra alis,

id. ib. 4, 616; cf. Verg. G. 4, 311:

aethera,

Ov. M. 8, 219:

carpitur acclivis per muta silentia trames,

id. ib. 10, 53.

lēgo, āvi, ātum (archaic perf. legassit for legaverit, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 148), 1, v. a. [lex; and therefore qs. lege creare], a publicist's and jurid. t. t.

A publicist's t. t.

To send with a commission or charge, to send on an embassy, send as ambassador; to depute, despatch:

ne hoc quidem senatui relinquebas, ut legati ex ejus ordinis auctoritate legarentur,

Cic. Vatin. 15, 35:

hominem honestum ac nobilem legarunt ad Apronium,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 114: eos privatae rei causa legari, id. Fam. 3, 8, 4:

juste pieque legatus venio,

Liv. 1, 32:

tres adulescentes in Africam legantur, qui reges adeant, etc.,

Sall. J. 21, 4:

quos Athenienses Romam ad senatum legaverant impetratum, etc.,

Gell. 7, 14, 8.—

Transf. to the commission itself (ante- and post-class.):

quae verba legaverint Rhodii ad hostium ducem,

what they told him through their deputies, Gell. 15, 31 in lemm. —

Beyond the official sphere:

quin potius, quod legatum est tibi negotium, Id curas?

committed, intrusted, Plaut. Cas. 1, 12.—

To appoint or choose as deputy (as the official assistant, lieutenant, of a general or governor):

eum (Messium) Caesari legarat Appius,

Cic. Att. 4, 15, 9:

ego me a Pompeio legari ita sum passus, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 4, 2, 6:

istum legatum iri non arbitror,

id. ib. 10, 1, 4:

ne legaretur Gabinius Pompeio expetenti,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57:

Dolabella me sibi legavit,

chose me for his lieutenant, id. Att. 15, 11, 4:

Calpurnius parato exercitu legat sibi homines nobiles, etc.,

Sall. J. 28.—

A jurid. t. t.: aliquid, to appoint by a last will or testament, to leave or bequeath as a legacy (class.):

Numitori, qui stirpis maximus erat, regnum vetustum Silviae gentis legat,

Liv. 1, 3: legavit quidam uxori mundum omne penumque, Lucil. ap. Gell. 4, 1, 3:

usumfructum omnium bonorum Caesenniae legat,

Cic. Caecin. 4, 11:

Fabiae pecunia legata est a viro,

id. Top. 3, 14:

cui argentum omne legatum est,

Quint. 5, 10, 62:

in argento legato,

id. 7, 2, 11.—

Aliquid alicui ab aliquo, to leave one a legacy to be paid by the principal heir:

uxori testamento legat grandem pecuniam a filio, si qui natus esset: ab secundo herede nihil legat,

Cic. Clu. 12, 33:

si paterfamilias uxori ancillarum usum fructum legavit a filio, neque a secundo herede legavit,

id. Top. 4, 21; Quint. 7, 9, 5.—Hence,

lēgātus, i, m.

(Acc. to lego, I. A.) An ambassador, legate, Cic. Vatin. 15, 35:

legatos mittere,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 35:

ad senatum legatos de aliqua re mittere,

id. de Or. 2, 37, 155; cf.:

missi magnis de rebus uterque Legati,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:

legatos mittere ad indicendum bellum,

Liv. 31, 8; Ov. M. 14, 527.—

(Acc. to lego, I. B.).

An official assistant given to a general or the governor of a province, a deputy, lieutenant, lieutenant-general:

quos legatos tute tibi legasti?

Cic. Pis. 14, 33:

qui M. Aemilio legati fuerunt,

id. Clu. 36, 99:

Quintus frater meus legatus est Caesaris,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 21; id. Off. 3, 20, 79; cf.:

Murena summo imperatori legatus L. Lucullo fuit, qua in legatione duxit exercitum, etc.,

id. Mur. 9, 20; 14, 32:

neque se ei legatum defuturum,

id. Phil. 11, 7, 17; Val. Max. 5, 5, 1:

hiberna cum legato praefectoque tradidisses,

Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

(Calvisius) duos legatos Uticae reliquerat,

id. Phil. 3, 10 fin.:

quaestorius,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 56; Caes. B. G. 2, 5 fin.:

L. Caesar, cujus pater Caesaris erat legatus,

id. B. C. 1, 8, 2:

magnitudo et splendor legati,

Liv. 38, 58, 9:

in magna legatum quaere popina,

Juv. 8, 172.—

Under the emperors, a governor sent to a province by the emperor, Tac. A. 12, 40; id. Agr. 33; Suet. Vesp. 4; Spart. Hadr. 3 et saep.; cf. legatio, I. B. 2., and Orell. ad Tac. Agr. 9.—

Legati legionum, commanders, Suet. Tib. 19; id. Vesp. 4; cf.:

Caesar singulis legionibus singulos legatos et quaestorem praefecit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 52; Tac. A. 2, 36; id. H. 1, 7.—Also called;

legatus praetorius,

Tac. Agr. 7.—

lēgātum, i, n. (acc. to lego, II.), a bequest, legacy:

legatum est delibatio hereditatis, qua testator ex eo, quod universum heredis foret, alicui quid collatum velit,

Dig. 30, 116:

Hortensii legata cognovi,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 9:

reliqua legata varie dedit,

Suet. Aug. 101; id. Tib. 48:

legatum peto ex testamento,

Quint. 4, 2, 6:

jus capiendi legata alicui adimere,

Suet. Dom. 8:

cymbala pulsantis legatum amici,

Juv. 9, 62:

legatorum genera sunt quattuor,

Gai. Inst. 2, 192; cf. sqq.

lĕgo, lēgi, lectum ( gen. plur. part. legentum, Ov. Tr. 1. 7, 25), 3, v. a. [Gr. legô, logos, logas, etc.; Lat. legumen, di-leg-ens, neg-leg-o, etc.; cf. Germ. lesen], to bring together, to gather, collect.

Lit.

In gen.:

oleam,

Cato, R. R. 144:

nuces,

Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 265:

herbas collibus,

Ov. M. 14, 347: flores et humi nascentia fraga, [p. 1048] Verg. E. 3, 92; cf.:

roscida mala,

id. ib. 8, 38:

flores in calathos,

Ov. F. 5, 218:

spolia caesorum,

Liv. 5, 39:

quos (montanos asparagos),

Juv. 11, 69.—Of the dead who have been burned:

ossa,

Ov. H. 10, 150:

homini mortuo ossa,

Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60: ossa filii, Sen. de Ira, 2, 33, 6; cf. Quint. 8, 5, 21; Lact. de Mort. Persec. 21, 11:

reliquias legerunt primores equestris ordinis,

Suet. Aug. 100. —

Esp.

To take out, pick out, extract, remove:

quibusdam et radi ossa et legi... quae sine totius pernicie corporis haerere non poterant,

Sen. Prov. 1, 3, 2:

ossa vivis,

id. ad Marc. 22, 3:

ossa in capite lecta,

id. Ben. 5, 24, 3:

ossa e vulneribus,

Quint. 6, 1, 30.—

To pluck, strip, gather fruit from (a tree, etc.):

oleam qui legerit,

Cato, R. R. 144, 1:

ficus non erat apta legi,

Ov. F. 2, 254.—

Poet.: legere fila, to wind up:

extrema Lauso Parcae fila legunt,

i. e. spin the last thread of life, Verg. A. 10, 815; cf.:

quae dedit ingrato fila legenda viro,

Ov. F. 3, 462:

stamen,

Prop. 4 (5), 4, 40 (42).—

Naut. t. t.: vela legere, to draw together, furl:

omnis navita ponto umida vela legit,

Verg. G. 1, 373:

vela legunt socii,

id. A. 3, 532:

ipse dabit tenera vela, legetque manu,

Ov. H. 15, 215; Val. Fl. 2, 13:

prora funem legit Argus ab alta,

draws in, takes in, id. 1, 312:

ancoras classis legit,

is weighing anchor, Sen. Troad. 759.—

To take to one's self unjustly, to carry off, steal, purloin, plunder, abstract (not in Cic.): omnia viscatis manibus leget, omnia sumet: crede mihi, auferet omnia, Lucil. ap. Non. 332 and 396, 4:

majus esse maleficium stuprare ingenuam quam sacrum legere,

Auct. Her. 2, 30 fin.:

sacra divum,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 117:

soceros legere et gremiis abducere pactas,

Verg. A. 10, 79 Serv. ad loc. (but Forbig. renders legere here as = eligere, sumere; cf. 8. infra).—

Of places, to go, pass, or wander through ( poet.):

nec me studiosius altera saltus Legit,

Ov. M. 5, 579:

pars cetera pontum Pone legit,

sails through, Verg. A. 2, 207:

vada dura lego,

id. ib. 3, 706:

freta,

id. ib. 3, 127:

aequora Afra,

Ov. F. 4, 289:

Ioniumque rapax Icariumque legit,

id. ib. 4, 566: vestigia alicujus, to follow one's footsteps, to track or pursue him:

subsequitur pressoque legit vestigia gressu,

id. M. 3, 17; cf.:

et vestigia retro Observata legit,

Verg. A. 9, 392:

tortos orbes,

to wander through, id. ib. 12, 481.—

To pass or sail by, to skirt, to coast along a shore, land, or place (mostly poet.):

Inarimen Prochytenque legit,

Ov. M. 14, 89; 15, 705; 709: primi litoris oram, coast along, i. e. not enter into details, Verg. G. 2, 44; id. E. 8, 7:

navibus oram Italiae,

Liv. 21, 51 fin.:

oram Campaniae,

Suet. Tib. 11; cf.

terram,

id. Aug. 16. —

Pregn., to choose from a number, to pick out, single out, select, elect (class.):

alia esse oportet forma quem tu pugno legeris,

pick out to fight with, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 160:

judices,

Cic. Phil. 5, 6, 16:

omnia, quae leget quaeque reiciet,

id. Fin. 4, 15, 40:

scribam,

to elect, appoint, id. Clu. 45, 126:

condiciones nubendi,

id. Cael. 15:

cives in patres,

Liv. 23, 22:

viros ad bella,

Ov. M. 7, 669:

geminasque legit de classe biremes,

Verg. A. 8, 79: legit virum vir, each one singles out his man (of the combatants in a battle), id. ib. 11, 632:

senatum ad modum pristinum redegit duabus lectionibus: prima ipsorum arbitratu, quo vir virum legit,

Suet. Aug. 35; Tac. H. 1, 18: neque ejus legendam filiam (sc. virginem Vestalem) qui domicilium in Italia non haberet, At. Cap. ap. Gell. 1, 12, 8.—

With inf.:

fidissima custos Lecta sacrum justae veneri occultare pudorem,

Stat. Th. 1, 530.

Trop.

To catch up, i. e. overhear a conversation:

nunc huc concedam, ut horum sermonem legam,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 4, 21 (cf. sublegere, id. Mil. 4, 2. 98).—

To catch with the eye, to view, observe, behold, survey, see.

In gen.:

tumulum capit, unde omnes longo ordine posset Adversos legere,

Verg. A. 6, 755 Heyne ad loc.; and cf. Verg. A. 6, 34.—

In partic., to read or peruse a writing:

ut eos libros per te ipse legeres,

Cic. Top. 1:

defensionem causae,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 112:

legi apud Clitomachum, A. Albium jocantem dixisse, etc.,

id. Ac. 2, 45, 137:

aliquid studiose intenteque,

Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 1:

significas legisse te in quadam epistula mea, jussisse Verginium, etc.,

id. ib. 9, 19, 1: philosophorum consultorumque opiniones, Quint. 12, 11, 17:

liber tuus et lectus est et legitur a me diligenter,

Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 1:

orationem,

Quint. 1, 1, 6:

aiunt multum legendum esse non multa,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 15.—With a pers. obj.:

antiquos et novos,

Quint. 2, 5, 23:

antiquos studiosius,

id. 3, 6, 62:

poëtas,

id. 1, 4, 4. —In pass.:

Horatius fere solus legi dignus,

Quint. 10, 1, 96:

si cum judicio legatur Cassius Severus,

id. 10, 1, 116:

dumque legar, mecum pariter tua fama legetur,

Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 5:

sepulcra legens,

when reading epitaphs, Cic. de Sen. 7, 21:

legentium plerisque,

Liv. 1 praef. §

4: opus nescio an minimae legentibus futurum voluptati,

to my readers, Quint. 3, 1, 2; cf. id. 9, 4, 2; 2, 5, 3:

nec Cynicos nec Stoica dogmata,

Juv. 13, 121.— Absol.:

legendi usus,

Lact. 3, 25, 9:

memoriam continuus legendi usus instruit,

Macr. S. 1, 5, 1.—

In partic.

To read out, read aloud, recite (esp. freq. in post-Aug. authors):

convocatis auditoribus volumen legere, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 51, 191: codicem pro contione, id. Fragm. ap. Quint. 4, 4, 8:

audio me male legere, dumtaxat versus, orationes enim commodius,

Plin. Ep. 9, 34:

obturem impune legentibus aures,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 105:

quem vero arripuit tenet occiditque legendo,

with recitation, id. A. P. 475:

quis dabit historico quantum daret acta legenti,

to read him the news, Juv. 7, 104.—

To find in an author or a writing:

ut scriptum legimus,

Cic. Deiot. 7, 19:

legi etiam scriptum, esse avem quandam, etc.,

id. N. D. 2. 49 init.:

ego vero haec scripta legi,

id. Planc. 39, 94:

praeterea scriptum legimus, Gallos in venatibus tinguere sagittas,

Gell. 17, 15, 7. relatum legere, Nep. praef. 1.— Pass.:

in aliis codicibus non peccato sed peccatis legitur,

Aug. Cont. Jul. Rel. 1, 22; id. Don. Persev. 6 init. al.—

A publicist's t. t.: legere senatum, to read over or call off the names of senators (which was done by the censors;

v. lectio, II. A. 2.): censores fideli concordia senatum legerunt,

Liv. 40, 51; 9, 29; 9, 30; 9, 46; 43, 15 al.—Hence, lĕgens, entis, Part. as subst. m., a reader ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose for lector), Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 25.— Plur., Liv. praef. 4; Quint. 3, 1, 2; Plin. 8, 16, 17, § 44; Tac. A. 4, 33.—Also, lectus, a, um, P. a., chosen, picked out, selected; choice, excellent (class.): argenti lectae numeratae minae, good, i. e. of full weight, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 50; so,

argentum,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 3:

ut neque vir melior neque lectior femina in terris sit,

Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:

lectissimi viri atque ornatissimi,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 6, § 15; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 29:

uxor lectissima,

id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:

(verbis) lectis atque illustribus uti,

id. de Or. 3, 37, 150:

nihil est aliud... pulcre et oratorie dicere nisi optimis sententiis verbisque lectissimis dicere,

id. Or. 68, 227:

juvenum lectissime,

Stat. S. 5, 1, 247; cf.:

viginti lectis equitum comitatus,

Verg. A. 9, 48.—Hence, adv.: lectē, choicely, selectly (very rare):

ab lego lecte ac lectissime,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 36 Müll.— Comp.:

lectius,

Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2 (al. lecta).

lēgo, āvi, ātum (archaic perf. legassit for legaverit, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 148), 1, v. a. [lex; and therefore qs. lege creare], a publicist's and jurid. t. t.

A publicist's t. t.

To send with a commission or charge, to send on an embassy, send as ambassador; to depute, despatch:

ne hoc quidem senatui relinquebas, ut legati ex ejus ordinis auctoritate legarentur,

Cic. Vatin. 15, 35:

hominem honestum ac nobilem legarunt ad Apronium,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 114: eos privatae rei causa legari, id. Fam. 3, 8, 4:

juste pieque legatus venio,

Liv. 1, 32:

tres adulescentes in Africam legantur, qui reges adeant, etc.,

Sall. J. 21, 4:

quos Athenienses Romam ad senatum legaverant impetratum, etc.,

Gell. 7, 14, 8.—

Transf. to the commission itself (ante- and post-class.):

quae verba legaverint Rhodii ad hostium ducem,

what they told him through their deputies, Gell. 15, 31 in lemm. —

Beyond the official sphere:

quin potius, quod legatum est tibi negotium, Id curas?

committed, intrusted, Plaut. Cas. 1, 12.—

To appoint or choose as deputy (as the official assistant, lieutenant, of a general or governor):

eum (Messium) Caesari legarat Appius,

Cic. Att. 4, 15, 9:

ego me a Pompeio legari ita sum passus, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 4, 2, 6:

istum legatum iri non arbitror,

id. ib. 10, 1, 4:

ne legaretur Gabinius Pompeio expetenti,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57:

Dolabella me sibi legavit,

chose me for his lieutenant, id. Att. 15, 11, 4:

Calpurnius parato exercitu legat sibi homines nobiles, etc.,

Sall. J. 28.—

A jurid. t. t.: aliquid, to appoint by a last will or testament, to leave or bequeath as a legacy (class.):

Numitori, qui stirpis maximus erat, regnum vetustum Silviae gentis legat,

Liv. 1, 3: legavit quidam uxori mundum omne penumque, Lucil. ap. Gell. 4, 1, 3:

usumfructum omnium bonorum Caesenniae legat,

Cic. Caecin. 4, 11:

Fabiae pecunia legata est a viro,

id. Top. 3, 14:

cui argentum omne legatum est,

Quint. 5, 10, 62:

in argento legato,

id. 7, 2, 11.—

Aliquid alicui ab aliquo, to leave one a legacy to be paid by the principal heir:

uxori testamento legat grandem pecuniam a filio, si qui natus esset: ab secundo herede nihil legat,

Cic. Clu. 12, 33:

si paterfamilias uxori ancillarum usum fructum legavit a filio, neque a secundo herede legavit,

id. Top. 4, 21; Quint. 7, 9, 5.—Hence,

lēgātus, i, m.

(Acc. to lego, I. A.) An ambassador, legate, Cic. Vatin. 15, 35:

legatos mittere,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 35:

ad senatum legatos de aliqua re mittere,

id. de Or. 2, 37, 155; cf.:

missi magnis de rebus uterque Legati,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:

legatos mittere ad indicendum bellum,

Liv. 31, 8; Ov. M. 14, 527.—

(Acc. to lego, I. B.).

An official assistant given to a general or the governor of a province, a deputy, lieutenant, lieutenant-general:

quos legatos tute tibi legasti?

Cic. Pis. 14, 33:

qui M. Aemilio legati fuerunt,

id. Clu. 36, 99:

Quintus frater meus legatus est Caesaris,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 21; id. Off. 3, 20, 79; cf.:

Murena summo imperatori legatus L. Lucullo fuit, qua in legatione duxit exercitum, etc.,

id. Mur. 9, 20; 14, 32:

neque se ei legatum defuturum,

id. Phil. 11, 7, 17; Val. Max. 5, 5, 1:

hiberna cum legato praefectoque tradidisses,

Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

(Calvisius) duos legatos Uticae reliquerat,

id. Phil. 3, 10 fin.:

quaestorius,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 56; Caes. B. G. 2, 5 fin.:

L. Caesar, cujus pater Caesaris erat legatus,

id. B. C. 1, 8, 2:

magnitudo et splendor legati,

Liv. 38, 58, 9:

in magna legatum quaere popina,

Juv. 8, 172.—

Under the emperors, a governor sent to a province by the emperor, Tac. A. 12, 40; id. Agr. 33; Suet. Vesp. 4; Spart. Hadr. 3 et saep.; cf. legatio, I. B. 2., and Orell. ad Tac. Agr. 9.—

Legati legionum, commanders, Suet. Tib. 19; id. Vesp. 4; cf.:

Caesar singulis legionibus singulos legatos et quaestorem praefecit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 52; Tac. A. 2, 36; id. H. 1, 7.—Also called;

legatus praetorius,

Tac. Agr. 7.—

lēgātum, i, n. (acc. to lego, II.), a bequest, legacy:

legatum est delibatio hereditatis, qua testator ex eo, quod universum heredis foret, alicui quid collatum velit,

Dig. 30, 116:

Hortensii legata cognovi,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 9:

reliqua legata varie dedit,

Suet. Aug. 101; id. Tib. 48:

legatum peto ex testamento,

Quint. 4, 2, 6:

jus capiendi legata alicui adimere,

Suet. Dom. 8:

cymbala pulsantis legatum amici,

Juv. 9, 62:

legatorum genera sunt quattuor,

Gai. Inst. 2, 192; cf. sqq.

lĕgo, lēgi, lectum ( gen. plur. part. legentum, Ov. Tr. 1. 7, 25), 3, v. a. [Gr. legô, logos, logas, etc.; Lat. legumen, di-leg-ens, neg-leg-o, etc.; cf. Germ. lesen], to bring together, to gather, collect.

Lit.

In gen.:

oleam,

Cato, R. R. 144:

nuces,

Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 265:

herbas collibus,

Ov. M. 14, 347: flores et humi nascentia fraga, [p. 1048] Verg. E. 3, 92; cf.:

roscida mala,

id. ib. 8, 38:

flores in calathos,

Ov. F. 5, 218:

spolia caesorum,

Liv. 5, 39:

quos (montanos asparagos),

Juv. 11, 69.—Of the dead who have been burned:

ossa,

Ov. H. 10, 150:

homini mortuo ossa,

Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60: ossa filii, Sen. de Ira, 2, 33, 6; cf. Quint. 8, 5, 21; Lact. de Mort. Persec. 21, 11:

reliquias legerunt primores equestris ordinis,

Suet. Aug. 100. —

Esp.

To take out, pick out, extract, remove:

quibusdam et radi ossa et legi... quae sine totius pernicie corporis haerere non poterant,

Sen. Prov. 1, 3, 2:

ossa vivis,

id. ad Marc. 22, 3:

ossa in capite lecta,

id. Ben. 5, 24, 3:

ossa e vulneribus,

Quint. 6, 1, 30.—

To pluck, strip, gather fruit from (a tree, etc.):

oleam qui legerit,

Cato, R. R. 144, 1:

ficus non erat apta legi,

Ov. F. 2, 254.—

Poet.: legere fila, to wind up:

extrema Lauso Parcae fila legunt,

i. e. spin the last thread of life, Verg. A. 10, 815; cf.:

quae dedit ingrato fila legenda viro,

Ov. F. 3, 462:

stamen,

Prop. 4 (5), 4, 40 (42).—

Naut. t. t.: vela legere, to draw together, furl:

omnis navita ponto umida vela legit,

Verg. G. 1, 373:

vela legunt socii,

id. A. 3, 532:

ipse dabit tenera vela, legetque manu,

Ov. H. 15, 215; Val. Fl. 2, 13:

prora funem legit Argus ab alta,

draws in, takes in, id. 1, 312:

ancoras classis legit,

is weighing anchor, Sen. Troad. 759.—

To take to one's self unjustly, to carry off, steal, purloin, plunder, abstract (not in Cic.): omnia viscatis manibus leget, omnia sumet: crede mihi, auferet omnia, Lucil. ap. Non. 332 and 396, 4:

majus esse maleficium stuprare ingenuam quam sacrum legere,

Auct. Her. 2, 30 fin.:

sacra divum,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 117:

soceros legere et gremiis abducere pactas,

Verg. A. 10, 79 Serv. ad loc. (but Forbig. renders legere here as = eligere, sumere; cf. 8. infra).—

Of places, to go, pass, or wander through ( poet.):

nec me studiosius altera saltus Legit,

Ov. M. 5, 579:

pars cetera pontum Pone legit,

sails through, Verg. A. 2, 207:

vada dura lego,

id. ib. 3, 706:

freta,

id. ib. 3, 127:

aequora Afra,

Ov. F. 4, 289:

Ioniumque rapax Icariumque legit,

id. ib. 4, 566: vestigia alicujus, to follow one's footsteps, to track or pursue him:

subsequitur pressoque legit vestigia gressu,

id. M. 3, 17; cf.:

et vestigia retro Observata legit,

Verg. A. 9, 392:

tortos orbes,

to wander through, id. ib. 12, 481.—

To pass or sail by, to skirt, to coast along a shore, land, or place (mostly poet.):

Inarimen Prochytenque legit,

Ov. M. 14, 89; 15, 705; 709: primi litoris oram, coast along, i. e. not enter into details, Verg. G. 2, 44; id. E. 8, 7:

navibus oram Italiae,

Liv. 21, 51 fin.:

oram Campaniae,

Suet. Tib. 11; cf.

terram,

id. Aug. 16. —

Pregn., to choose from a number, to pick out, single out, select, elect (class.):

alia esse oportet forma quem tu pugno legeris,

pick out to fight with, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 160:

judices,

Cic. Phil. 5, 6, 16:

omnia, quae leget quaeque reiciet,

id. Fin. 4, 15, 40:

scribam,

to elect, appoint, id. Clu. 45, 126:

condiciones nubendi,

id. Cael. 15:

cives in patres,

Liv. 23, 22:

viros ad bella,

Ov. M. 7, 669:

geminasque legit de classe biremes,

Verg. A. 8, 79: legit virum vir, each one singles out his man (of the combatants in a battle), id. ib. 11, 632:

senatum ad modum pristinum redegit duabus lectionibus: prima ipsorum arbitratu, quo vir virum legit,

Suet. Aug. 35; Tac. H. 1, 18: neque ejus legendam filiam (sc. virginem Vestalem) qui domicilium in Italia non haberet, At. Cap. ap. Gell. 1, 12, 8.—

With inf.:

fidissima custos Lecta sacrum justae veneri occultare pudorem,

Stat. Th. 1, 530.

Trop.

To catch up, i. e. overhear a conversation:

nunc huc concedam, ut horum sermonem legam,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 4, 21 (cf. sublegere, id. Mil. 4, 2. 98).—

To catch with the eye, to view, observe, behold, survey, see.

In gen.:

tumulum capit, unde omnes longo ordine posset Adversos legere,

Verg. A. 6, 755 Heyne ad loc.; and cf. Verg. A. 6, 34.—

In partic., to read or peruse a writing:

ut eos libros per te ipse legeres,

Cic. Top. 1:

defensionem causae,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 112:

legi apud Clitomachum, A. Albium jocantem dixisse, etc.,

id. Ac. 2, 45, 137:

aliquid studiose intenteque,

Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 1:

significas legisse te in quadam epistula mea, jussisse Verginium, etc.,

id. ib. 9, 19, 1: philosophorum consultorumque opiniones, Quint. 12, 11, 17:

liber tuus et lectus est et legitur a me diligenter,

Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 1:

orationem,

Quint. 1, 1, 6:

aiunt multum legendum esse non multa,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 15.—With a pers. obj.:

antiquos et novos,

Quint. 2, 5, 23:

antiquos studiosius,

id. 3, 6, 62:

poëtas,

id. 1, 4, 4. —In pass.:

Horatius fere solus legi dignus,

Quint. 10, 1, 96:

si cum judicio legatur Cassius Severus,

id. 10, 1, 116:

dumque legar, mecum pariter tua fama legetur,

Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 5:

sepulcra legens,

when reading epitaphs, Cic. de Sen. 7, 21:

legentium plerisque,

Liv. 1 praef. §

4: opus nescio an minimae legentibus futurum voluptati,

to my readers, Quint. 3, 1, 2; cf. id. 9, 4, 2; 2, 5, 3:

nec Cynicos nec Stoica dogmata,

Juv. 13, 121.— Absol.:

legendi usus,

Lact. 3, 25, 9:

memoriam continuus legendi usus instruit,

Macr. S. 1, 5, 1.—

In partic.

To read out, read aloud, recite (esp. freq. in post-Aug. authors):

convocatis auditoribus volumen legere, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 51, 191: codicem pro contione, id. Fragm. ap. Quint. 4, 4, 8:

audio me male legere, dumtaxat versus, orationes enim commodius,

Plin. Ep. 9, 34:

obturem impune legentibus aures,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 105:

quem vero arripuit tenet occiditque legendo,

with recitation, id. A. P. 475:

quis dabit historico quantum daret acta legenti,

to read him the news, Juv. 7, 104.—

To find in an author or a writing:

ut scriptum legimus,

Cic. Deiot. 7, 19:

legi etiam scriptum, esse avem quandam, etc.,

id. N. D. 2. 49 init.:

ego vero haec scripta legi,

id. Planc. 39, 94:

praeterea scriptum legimus, Gallos in venatibus tinguere sagittas,

Gell. 17, 15, 7. relatum legere, Nep. praef. 1.— Pass.:

in aliis codicibus non peccato sed peccatis legitur,

Aug. Cont. Jul. Rel. 1, 22; id. Don. Persev. 6 init. al.—

A publicist's t. t.: legere senatum, to read over or call off the names of senators (which was done by the censors;

v. lectio, II. A. 2.): censores fideli concordia senatum legerunt,

Liv. 40, 51; 9, 29; 9, 30; 9, 46; 43, 15 al.—Hence, lĕgens, entis, Part. as subst. m., a reader ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose for lector), Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 25.— Plur., Liv. praef. 4; Quint. 3, 1, 2; Plin. 8, 16, 17, § 44; Tac. A. 4, 33.—Also, lectus, a, um, P. a., chosen, picked out, selected; choice, excellent (class.): argenti lectae numeratae minae, good, i. e. of full weight, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 50; so,

argentum,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 3:

ut neque vir melior neque lectior femina in terris sit,

Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:

lectissimi viri atque ornatissimi,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 6, § 15; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 29:

uxor lectissima,

id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:

(verbis) lectis atque illustribus uti,

id. de Or. 3, 37, 150:

nihil est aliud... pulcre et oratorie dicere nisi optimis sententiis verbisque lectissimis dicere,

id. Or. 68, 227:

juvenum lectissime,

Stat. S. 5, 1, 247; cf.:

viginti lectis equitum comitatus,

Verg. A. 9, 48.—Hence, adv.: lectē, choicely, selectly (very rare):

ab lego lecte ac lectissime,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 36 Müll.— Comp.:

lectius,

Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2 (al. lecta).

rŏsa, ae, f. [kindr. with rhodon], a rose.

Lit., Varr R. R. 1, 35, 1; Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 14:

Paestanae rosae,

Mart. 4, 42, 10:

cape rosas,

id. 2, 59, 3;

sacred to Venus,

Aus. Idyll. 14; cf. id. ib. 6, 76 and 92;

blooms latest of the spring flowers,

Plin. 21, 11, 38, § 64.—Hence, sera, Hor. C. 1, 38, 3; cf.

Cicero's reproach: cum rosam viderat, tum incipere ver arbitrabatur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 27.—Used on festive and solemn occasions for wreaths, for strewing in the way or upon graves, at feasts, etc., Lucr. 2, 627; Hor. C. 1, 36, 15; 2, 11, 14; 3, 19, 22; 29, 3; Prop. 1, 17, 22; 3, 5 (4, 4), 22; 4 (5), 8, 40; Plin. 18, 26, 64, § 236; Sen. Hippol. 769; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 34; Tac. H. 2, 70 et saep.; cf. Becker, Gall. 3, p. 32 (2d edit.): plena rosarum Atria. Ov. M. 2, 113.— Prov.: inter vepres rosae nascuntur, Amm. 16, 7, 4. —

Collect., for roses, wreaths of roses (only so in class. prose):

sertis redimiri jubebis et rosā?

Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 43:

an tu me in violā putabas aut in rosā dicere?

on, among roses, id. ib. 5, 26, 73:

in rosā potare,

id. Fin. 2, 20, 65:

jacere,

Sen. Ep. 36, 9:

vivere,

Mart. 8, 77, 2; cf.:

multā in rosā,

Hor. C. 1, 5, 1:

pulvinus perlucidus rosā fartus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 27.—

Transf.

As a word of endearment, in Plautus:

mea rosa,

my rose, my rosebud, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 74; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 50;

or simply rosa,

id. Men. 1, 3, 9:

tu mihi rosa es,

id. Curc. 1, 2, 6.—

Oil of roses, Cels. 8, 3; 4; 6, 18, 8. —

The season or month of roses, Inscr. Grut. 753, 4; cf. rosales.—

The rose-bush, rose-tree:

nimium breves Flores amoenae ferre jube rosae,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 14:

radix silvestris rosae,

Plin. 8, 41, 63, § 152.— Plur.:

flores rosarum,

Lucr. 2, 627; cf. Hor. C. 3, 29, 3:

terram ad rosarum et vineae satum vertere,

Plin. 18, 26, 64, § 236.

1) жар, зной (meridiei L; caniculae H)

2) поэт. лето

3)

а) кипение, волнение (maris Lcr; pelagi Ctl)

б) смущение, тревога ( explicare aestum alicujus PJ)

4) поэт. течение, волны, валы ( delphini aestum secabant V)

5) клубы испарений (ae. Averni Lcr)

1) ласковый, нежный, дружелюбный, приветливый (oculi PM; oratio Pt; filius C; canes V)

2) вкрадчивый, льстивый

3) соблазнительный, заманчивый, прелестный, чарующий (flores V; quies O)

1) срывать, рвать, собирать (flores ab arbore и arbore frondes O; fructūs V)

2) щипать, есть (herbam V; carpunt gramen equi V; apes carpunt mel Vr); объедать, пожирать ( jecur O); подбирать, брать ( cibos digitis O)

3) вырывать, выщипывать (setas, vellera V); дёргать, теребить, прясть ( pensum H)

4) разрезать ( obsonium Pt); дробить, разделять, расщеплять, разлагать

5) перен. срывать, похищать (oscula Prp, O, Ph)

6) ирон. ощипывать, обирать (stolidum pleno vellere pecus Prp; amantem O)

7) вкушать, наслаждаться, ловить (breve ver O; molles somnos V; diem H; fugitiva gaudia M; auras V, Sil)

8) извлекать ( aliquid in legendo AG); выбирать ( paucos ad ignominiam C)

9) истощать, ослаблять, изнурять, утомлять, мучить

10) нападать, порицать, осуждать, хулить, поносить, клеветать (maligno sermone Su; maledico dente C)

11) пойти, отправиться

1) связывать ( manus C); перевязывать ( vulnera Su)

2) соединять (hommes vinculo sermonis inter se C); скреплять ( uno ictu pilorum scuta Cs)

3) задерживать (aliquem in Graecia C); сдерживать, умерять, останавливать ( impĕtum alicujus C)

4) объединять

1)

а) собирать (omnia praesegmina Pl; sarmenta virgultaque Cs; fructūs H; flores O; multa multorum facete dicta C); собирать, скручивать (capillos sparsos in nodum O; neta in globum Hier); собирать, укладывать

б) собирать, скоплять, накапливать (aquas Q, O; umorem C; pecuniam H); набирать (exercitus collectus ex senibus desperatis C); собирать, стягивать, сосредоточивать (milites, copias undique C; dispersos QC)

2)

а) подбирать (pallium Pl; togam M); поднимать ( librum elapsum PJ)

б) вздымать ( pulverem Olympicum curriculo H)

3) содержать в себе, простираться, иметь протяжением ( sexaginta ducentos pedes PM)

4) располагать в порядке, перебирать, излагать, перечислять (aliquos memoriter C; singula PJ)

5) исчислять, определять ( intervalla siderum et mensuras solis ac terrae Q)

6) сдерживать, останавливать ( amentes equos O)

7) приобретать, получать (robur V; vires ad agendum aliquid L); снискивать, стяжать (benevolentiam civium aliquā re C; famam clementiae L; auctoritatem Cs)

8) возвр.

9) делать вывод, (умо)заключать (aliquid ex aliquā re, per aliquid и aliquā re Q etc.)

1) обрывать (aristas O; folia QC); срывать (flores Lcr; poma O; undique decerpta oliva H)

2) слегка посасывать ( apes decerpunt thymum PM); перен. прикасаться поцелуем (d. candida ora puellae V)

3) брать, взять, урвать, присвоить (nihil sibi ex aliquā re d. C)

4) стяжать, добывать ( decus primae pugnae Sil)

5) отнимать (aliquid de gravitate C; nihil ex dignitate PJ); разрушать, уничтожить ( spes tantas Q)

1) стекать вниз, свергаться (flumen defluit de monte Sl, defluit saxis umor H; sudor a fronte defluens C)

2) вести род, происходить ( ab aliquo Su)

3) растекаться

4) ниспадать ( vestis defluxit ad imos pedes V) или небрежно свисать ( toga defluit H)

5) спадать (ad или in terram L, Q, C)

6) плыть, плавать (d. secundo amni V; medio amni L; fluvio secundo V)

7) отступать, удаляться, отхлынуть, оставить

8) постепенно переходить (d. a necessariis artificiis ad elegantiora C)

9) доставаться, выпадать на долю (ad aliquem C; multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove H)

10) схлынуть, иссякнуть, перестать течь ( amnis defluit H)

11) проходить, исчезать, пропадать (vires, tempus, ingenium defluxerunt Sl, odor defluit PM)

12) выпадать, вылезать ( comae defluxerunt O); опадать ( flores defluunt de arboribus Is)

13) схлынуть, кончаться (ubi salutatio defluxit, litteris me involvo C)

14) устареть, выйти из употребления (numerus Saturnius defluxit H)