fall!

* * *

* * *

* * *

(-cisi -cisum) to cut down, cut off / arrange, settle

to fall down / fall dead, die / sink, fall

dē-mitto, mīsi, missum, 3, v. a., to send down; to drop; to let, sink, or bring down; to cause to hang or fall down; to lower, put down, let fall (freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

picis e caelo demissum flumen,

Lucr. 6, 257; cf.:

caelo imbrem,

Verg. G. 1, 23:

caelo ancilia,

Liv. 5, 54 et saep.:

barbam malis,

Lucr. 5, 673:

latum clavum pectore,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 28; cf.:

monilia pectoribus,

Verg. A. 7, 278:

laenam ex humeris,

id. ib. 4, 263: Maia genitum demittit ab alto, Verg. A. 1, 297; cf.:

ab aethere currum, Ov M. 7, 219: e muro sporta,

Sall. Hist. 2, 53:

aliquem in sporta per murum,

Vulg. 2 Cor. 11, 33:

taleam (sc. in terram),

to put into the ground, plant, Cato R. R. 45, 2;

arbores altius,

Plin. 17, 11, 16, § 81:

puteum alte in solido,

i. e. to sink deep, Verg. G. 2, 231:

triginta pedes in terram turrium fundamenta,

Curt. 5, 1, 31:

arbusta certo demittunt tempore florem,

Lucr. 5, 670:

demisit nardini amphoram cellarius (i. e. deprompsit),

Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 12:

fasces,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31; cf. id. ib. 1, 40:

cibos (sc. in alvum),

Quint. 10, 1, 19; cf. Ov. M. 8, 835.—Naut. t. t., to lower, demittere antennas, Sall. Hist. 4, 41 Dietsch.;

Auct. B. Alex. 45, 2: cornua (i.e. antennas),

Ov. M. 11, 482; cf.:

effugit hibernas demissa antenna procellas,

id. Tr. 3, 4, 9:

arma, classem, socios Rheno,

Tac. A. 1, 45 fin.; cf.: farinam doliis secundā aquā Volturni fluminis, Frontin. Strat. 3, 14, 2;

and pecora secundā aquā,

id. ib. 3, 14, 4:

manum artifices demitti infra pectus vetant,

Quint. 11, 3, 112; cf.

brachia,

id. 2, 13, 9:

frontem (opp. attolli),

id. 11, 3, 78:

supercilia (opp. allevari), ib. § 79: aures,

Hor. Od. 2, 13, 34; cf.

auriculas,

id. S. 1, 9, 20:

caput,

Ov. M. 10, 192:

crinem,

id. ib. 6, 289:

demisso capite,

Vulg. Job 32, 6 al.:

aliquos per funem,

Verg. A. 2, 262; Hor. A. P. 461:

vestem,

id. S. 1, 2, 95; cf.

tunicam,

id. ib. 25:

stolam,

id. ib. 99 et saep.; often in a violent manner, to cast down, to cast, throw, thrust, plunge, drive, etc.:

equum in flumen,

Cic. Div. 1, 33, 73; cf.:

equos a campo in cavam viam,

Liv. 23, 47:

aliquem in carcerem,

Liv. 34, 44 fin.; cf. Sall. C. 55, 4:

aliquem ad imos Manes,

Verg. A. 12, 884:

hostem in ovilia,

Hor. Od. 4, 4, 10:

gladium in jugulum,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 28; cf.:

ferrum in ilia,

Ov. M. 4, 119:

sublicas in terram,

Caes. B. G. 3, 49, 4; cf.:

huc stipites,

id. ib. 7, 73, 3 and 6:

huc caementa,

Hor. Od. 3, 1, 35:

nummum in loculos,

to put, id. Ep. 2, 1, 175:

calculum atrum in urnam,

Ov. M. 15, 44:

milia sex nummum in arcam nummariam,

Nov. Com. v. 108 Rib.: caput ad fornicem Fabii, to bow, stoop, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 267: tunicam ad talos, Varr. ap. Non. 286, 19; cf. Cic. Clu. 40, 111; Quint. 5, 13, 39 et saep.:

quove velim magis fessas demittere naves,

Verg. A. 5, 29; cf.:

navem secundo amni Scodam,

Liv. 44, 31.— Poet. with dat.:

corpora Stygiae nocti tormentis,

Ov. M. 3, 695; cf.:

aliquem neci,

Verg. A. 2, 85:

aliquem Orco,

id. ib. 2, 398; Hor. Od. 1, 28, 11:

aliquem umbris,

Sil. 11, 142:

ferrum jugulo,

Ov. H. 14, 5:

ferrum lacubus,

id. M. 12, 278:

offa demittitur faucibus boum,

Plin. 27, 11, 76, § 101.—

Se, or in the pass. form with middle signif., to let one's self down, stoop, descend:

(venti vortex) ubi se in terras demisit,

Lucr. 6, 446:

se inguinibus tenus in aquam calidam,

Cels. 1, 3:

se ad aurem alicujus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30; cf.:

cum se demittit ob assem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 64:

concava vallis erat, qua se demittere rivi Assuerant,

Ov. M. 8, 334 al.:

nonullae (matres familias) de muris per manus demissae,

Caes. B. G. 7, 47, 6.— Prov.: demitti de caelo, or simply caelo, to be sent down from heaven, i. e. to be of celestial origin, Liv. 10, 8, 10; Quint. 1, 6, 16.—

Esp., milit. t. t.

To send, bring, or lead down soldiers into a lower place:

in loca plana agmen demittunt,

Liv. 9, 27; cf.:

agmen in vallem infimam,

id. 7, 34:

equites Numidas in inferiorem campum,

id. 27, 18:

agmen in Thessaliam,

id. 32, 13; 38, 2: exercitum in planitiem, Frontin. Strat. 1, 2, 7 al.; and without in:

agmen,

Liv. 9, 2:

levem armaturam,

id. 22, 28 al.:

cum se major pars agminis in magnam convallem demisisset,

had descended, Caes. B. G. 5, 32 fin.;

so with se,

id. ib. 6, 40, 6; 7, 28, 2; id. B. C. 1, 79, 4; Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4 al.—

Arma demittere, in making a military salute: armis demissis salutationem more militari faciunt, with grounded arms, Auct. B. Afr. 85, 6. —

Trop., to cast down, let sink, etc.:

demisere oculos omnes gemitumque dedere,

Ov. M. 15, 612; cf.:

vultu demisso,

Vulg. Isa. 49, 23:

demissis in terram oculis,

Liv. 9, 38, 13;

also in sleep: cadit inscia clavo Dextera, demittitque oculos,

Val. Fl. 3, 41:

vultum,

Val. Max. 8, 14, 5; Curt. 6, 32, 1:

vultum animumque metu,

Ov. M. 7, 133; cf.

vultus,

id. ib. 10, 367; Liv. 2, 58. hoc in pectus tuum demitte, impress this deeply on your mind, Sall. J. 102 fin.; cf.:

eas voces in pectora animosque,

Liv. 34, 50; and:

dolor hoc altius demissus, quo minus profiteri licet,

Just. 8, 5, 11: cum in eum casum me fortuna demisisset, ut, etc., had reduced, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 2:

dignitatem in discrimen,

Liv. 3, 35:

vim dicendi ad unum auditorem (opp. supra modum sermonis attolli),

Quint. 1, 2, 31; to engage in, enter upon, embark in, meddle with:

me penitus in causam,

Cic. Att. 7, 12, 3; cf.:

me in res turbulentissimas,

id. Fam. 9, 1, 2: cogita ne te eo demittas, unde, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16 fin.:

se in comparationem,

Suet. Rhet. 6:

se in adulationem,

to descend to, Tac. A. 15, 73:

se usque ad servilem patientiam,

id. ib. 14, 26:

se ad minora illa,

Quint. 1 prooem. § 5: re in secunda tollere animos et in mala demittere, to let it sink, i. e. to be disheartened, Lucil. ap. Non. 286, 7; cf.:

si vicerint, efferunt se laetitia: victi debilitantur animosque demittunt,

Cic. Fin. 5, 15, 42; so,

animos (with contrahere),

id. Tusc. 4, 6 fin.; and:

animum (with contrahere),

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, § 4:

mentes,

Verg. A. 12, 609 (desperant, sicut e contra sperantes aliquid erigunt mentes, Serv.); and with abl.:

ne se admodum animo demitterent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 29.—In geom., t. t., to let fall a line, Vitr. 3, 5, 5.—Hence, dēmissus, a, um, P. a., brought down, lowered.

Lit.

Of localities, sunken, low-lying, low (cf. dejectus, P. a., no. I.):

campestribus ac demissis locis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 72, 3; cf.:

loca demissa ac palustria,

id. B. C. 3, 49, 5.—

Of other things, drooping, falling, hanging down:

demissis umeris esse,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 22 Ruhnk.:

tremulus, labiis demissis,

with flabby lips, id. ib. 2, 3, 44:

demisso capite discedere,

Cic. Clu. 21, 58; cf.:

tristes, capite demisso,

Caes. B. G. 1, 32:

demisso vultu,

with downcast looks, Sall. C. 31, 7.— Poet. in Gr. constr.:

Dido vultum demissa,

Verg. A. 1, 561.—Also deep:

demissa vulnera,

Sen. Ep. 67 fin. —

Trop.

Downcast, dejected, dispirited, low (freq.):

erigebat animum jam demissum,

Cic. Clu. 21, 58:

esse fracto animo et demisso,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 16:

(homines) animo demisso atque humili,

id. Font. 11; cf. id. Tusc. 2, 21:

demisso animo fuit,

Sall. J. 98 al.:

demissa voce loqui,

Verg. A. 3, 320.—In the comp.:

nihilo demissiore animo causa ipse pro se dicta,

Liv. 4, 44.— Transf. to the person:

quis P. Sullam nisi moerentem, demissum afflictumque vidit?

Cic. Sull. 26 fin.:

videsne illum demissum?

id. Mur. 21, 45; Quint. 1, 3, 10 al.— Comp.:

orator in ornamentis et verborum et sententiarum demissior,

Cic. Or. 24, 81.—

Lowly, humble, unassuming, shy, retiring (opp. elatus, lofty, proud):

ea omnia, quae proborum, demissorum, non acrium sunt, valde benevolentiam conciliant,

Cic. de Or. 2, 43, 182; cf.:

multum demissus homo,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 57:

sit apud vos modestiae locus, sit demissis hominibus perfugium, sit auxilium pudori,

Cic. Mur. 40, 87.—

Rarely of external condition, humble, poor:

qui demissi in obscuro vitam habent (opp. qui magno imperio praediti in excelso aetatem habent),

Sall. C. 51, 12.—

Poet., and in Tacitus, of genealogical descent, descended, derived, sprung:

ab alto Demissum genus Aenea,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 63; so Verg. G. 3, 35: id. A. 1, 288; Stat. Th. 2, 613; Tac. A. 12, 58.— Sup. does not occur. — Adv.: dēmisse.

Lit., low:

hic alte, demissius ille volabat,

Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 23.—

Trop., humbly, modestly, abjectly, meanly:

non est ausus elate et ample loqui, cum humiliter demisseque sentiret,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 24:

suppliciter demisseque respondere,

id. Fl. 10, 21:

se tueri,

id. Att. 2, 18, 3.— Sup.: haec quam potest demississime atque subjectissime exponit, * Caes. B. C. 1, 84 fin.

dē-scendo, di, sum, 3 ( perf. redupl.: descendidit, Valer. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 4 fin.; and, descendiderant, Laber. ib.; perf.: desciderunt, Inscr. Frat. Arv. 13 Henzen.), v. n., to come down; and of inanimate subjects, to fall, sink down, to descend, opp. to ascendo (class. and freq.).

Lit.

In gen.:

ex equo,

to alight, Cic. de Sen. 10, 34; Auct. B. Hisp. 15, 2;

for which, equo,

Sall. Hist. Fragm. 5, 13:

sicut monte descenderat,

id. J. 50, 2:

e curru,

Suet. Tib. 20:

e tribunali,

id. Claud. 15:

de rostris,

Cic. Vatin. 11:

de templo,

Liv. 44, 45:

de caelo,

id. 6, 18;

for which, caelo,

Hor. Od. 3, 4, 1:

e caelo,

Juv. 11, 27:

caelo ab alto,

Verg. A. 8, 423; cf.:

vertice montis ab alto,

id. ib. 7, 675; and:

ab Histro (Da cus),

id. G. 2, 497:

ab Alpibus,

Liv. 21, 32, 2; 27, 38, 6:

monte,

Verg. A. 4, 159:

aggeribus Alpinis atque arce Monoeci,

id. ib. 6, 831:

antro Castalio,

Ov. M. 3, 14:

per clivum,

id. F. 1, 263 et saep.—Indicating the terminus ad quem:

in mare de caelo,

Lucr. 6, 427:

Juppiter in terras,

id. 6, 402:

in pon tum,

Sil. 1, 607; 15, 152; cf.:

caelo in hibernas undas,

Verg. G. 4, 235:

caelo ad suos honores templaque, etc.,

Ov. F. 5, 551:

in aestum,

Lucr. 6, 402:

in inferiorem ambulationem,

Cic. Tusc. 4:

in campos,

Liv. 6, 737; cf. Curt. 9, 9:

in Piraeum,

Quint. 8, 6, 64 et saep.:

ad naviculas,

Cic. Ac. 2, 48 fin.:

ad genitorem imas Erebi descendit ad umbras,

Verg. A. 6, 404:

sinus vestis infra genua,

Curt. 6, 5 et saep. Poet. also with dat.:

nocti, i. e. ad inferos,

Sil. 13, 708; cf.

Erebo,

id. 13, 759.—With sup.:

per quod oraculo utentes sciscitatum deos descendunt,

Liv. 45, 27, 8.— Absol.:

turbo descendit,

Lucr. 6, 438; cf. Verg. E. 7, 60:

asta ut descendam (sc. ex equo),

dismount, alight, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 120; Suet. Galb. 18:

descendens (sc. e lecto),

Tib. 1, 5, 41:

descendo (sc. de arce),

Verg. A. 2, 632:

umbrae descendentes (sc. ad inferos),

Stat. S. 5, 5, 41.— Poet.: trepidi quoties nos descendentis arenae vidimus in partes, i. e. that seemed to sink as the wild beasts rose from the vaults, Calp. Ecl. 7, 69.—

In partic.

To go down, to go, to come, sc. from the dwelling-houses (which in Rome were mostly situated on eminences) to the forum, the comitia, etc.: in forum descendens, Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 267; so, ad forum, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 538, 26; Q. Cic. Petit. cons. 14; Valer. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 9 fin.; Liv. 24, 7; 34, 1; cf.:

fuge, quo descendere gestis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 5;

Orell. ad loc.: ad comitia,

Suet. Caes. 13 al.:

de palatio et aedibus suis,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 46.— Absol.:

hodie non descendit Antonius,

Cic. Phil. 2, 6, 15; id. Verr. 2, 2, 38; Liv. 2, 54; Sen. Ben. 3, 27 al. —

Transf.:

in causam,

Cic. Phil. 8, 2; Liv. 36, 7; Tac. H. 3, 3:

in partes,

id. A. 15, 50. —

Of land, etc., to sink, fall, slope:

regio,

Val. Fl. 1, 538.—

Of forests whose wood is brought to the plain, Stat. Ach. 2, 115:

Caucasus,

Val. Fl. 7, 55.—

Of water conveyed in pipes, to fall:

subeat descendatque,

Plin. 31, 6, 31, § 57; cf.

of the sea: non magis descenderet aequor,

Luc. 5, 338.—

In milit. lang., to march down, sc. from an eminence [p. 555] into the plain:

ex superioribus locis in planitiem,

Caes. B. C. 3, 98; cf. id. ib. 3, 65, 2:

qua (sc. de monte),

Sall. J. 50, 3:

inde (sc. de arce),

Liv. 32, 32; cf. id. 7, 29:

in aequum locum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 53, 2;

for which, in aequum,

Liv. 1, 12:

in campum omnibus copiis,

id. 23, 29:

in plana,

Front. Strat. 2, 5, 18:

ad Alexandriam,

Liv. 45, 12 et saep.— Absol., Liv. 44, 5; Front. Strat. 3, 17, 9:

ad laevam,

Sall. J. 55 al. —With supine:

praedatum in agros Romanos,

Liv. 3, 10, 4; 10, 31, 2.—Hence,

Transf.:

in aciem,

to go into battle, to engage, Liv. 8, 8; 23, 29; Front. Strat. 1, 11, 11 al.:

in proelium,

id. ib. 2, 1, 10; Just. 21, 2, 5:

in certamen,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 26:

ad pugnam, ad tales pugnas,

Val. Fl. 3, 518; Juv. 7, 173; Front. Strat. 2, 1, 11; 2, 5, 41;

and even, in bellum,

Just. 15, 4, 21; 38, 8, 1; cf.:

in belli periculum,

id. 15, 1, 2.—

In medic. lang., of the excrements: to pass off, pass through, Cels. 2, 4 fin.:

olera,

id. 1, 6:

alvus,

id. 2, 7.—

Pregn., to sink down, penetrate into any thing (freq. only after the Aug. per.;

not in Cic. and Caes.): ferrum in corpus,

Liv. 1, 41; cf. Sil. 16, 544:

toto descendit in ilia ferro,

Ov. M. 3, 67:

(harundo) in caput,

Luc. 6, 216; cf.:

in jugulos gladiis descendebant (hostes),

Flor. 3, 10, 13:

ense in jugulos,

Claud. B. Get. 601:

in terram (fulmen),

Plin. 2, 55, 56, § 146:

in rimam calamus,

id. 17, 14, 24, § 102:

subjacens soli duritia non patitur in altum descendere (radices), lapathi radix ad tria cubita,

Plin. 19, 6, 31, § 98 et saep.:

toto corpore pestis,

Verg. A. 5, 683:

galeas vetant descendere cristae,

to sink down, Stat. Th. 9, 262. —

In an obscene sense, Catull. 112, 2; Juv. 11, 163.—

Trop.

In gen. (esp. freq. in Quint.), to descend, etc.:

a vita pastorali ad agriculturam,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 3 sq.; cf.:

ad aliquem,

Just. 1, 4, 1:

usus in nostram aetatem descendit,

Quint. 1, 11, 18:

(vox) attollitur concitatis affectibus, compositis descendit,

id. 11, 3, 65; cf. id. 9, 4, 92:

grammatici omnes in hanc descendent rerum tenuitatem,

id. 1, 4, 7 et saep.:

in omnia familiaritatis officia,

Plin. Pan. 85, 5.— Pass. impers.:

eo contemptionis descensum, ut, etc.,

Tac. A. 15, 1 et saep.:

si quid tamen olim Scripseris, in Maeci descendat judicis aures,

Hor. A. P. 387:

si descendere ad ipsum Ordine perpetuo quaeris sunt hujus origo Ilus et Assaracus, etc.,

Ov. M. 11, 754.—

In partic.

(Acc. to no. I. A. 4.) To sink deep into, to penetrate deeply:

quod verbum in pectus Jugurthae altius, quam quisquam ratus erat, descendit,

Sall. J. 11, 7; cf.:

ut altius injuriae quam merita descendant,

Sen. Ben. 1, 1 med.; id. Contr. 1 praef.; Spart. Ant. Get. 6:

cura in animos Patrum,

Liv. 3, 52; cf.:

qui (metus deorum) cum descendere ad animos... non posset,

id. 1, 19:

nemo in sese tentat descendere,

to examine himself, Pers. 4, 23.—

To lower one's self, descend to an act or employment, etc.; to yield, agree to any act, esp. to one which is unpleasant or wrong (freq. in Cic. and Caes.; cf. Orell. ad Cic. Cael. 2, and Fabri ad Liv. 23, 14, 3).—Constr. with ad, very rarely with in or absol.:

senes ad ludum adolescentium descendant,

Cic. Rep. 1, 43; cf. id. de Or. 2, 6:

ad calamitatum societates,

id. Lael. 17, 64:

sua voluntate sapientem descendere ad rationes civitatis non solere,

id. Rep. 1, 6 al.:

ad ejusmodi consilium,

Caes. B. G. 5, 29, 5:

ad innocentium supplicia,

id. ib. 6, 16 fin.:

ad vim atque ad arma,

id. ib. 7, 33:

ad gravissimas verborum contumelias,

id. B. C. 3, 83:

ad accusandum, ad inimicitias,

Cic. Mur. 27, 56; id. Sest. 41, 89; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 1: ad extrema, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:

ad frontis urbanae praemia,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 11:

preces in omnes,

Verg. A. 5, 782:

videte, quo descendam, judices,

Cic. Font. 1, 2; cf. id. Verr. 2, 1, 38; Caes. B. C. 1, 81, 5:

ad intellectum audientis,

Quint. 1, 2, 27:

ad minutissima opera,

id. 1, 12, 14; 4, 2, 15: placet mihi ista defensio;

descendo,

I acquiesce, id. ib. 2, 2, 72.—

(Mostly ante-Aug.) To descend or proceed from any person or thing:

ex gradu ascendentium vel descendentium uxorem ducere,

Dig. 23, 2, 68 et saep.:

quod genus liberalitatis ex jure gentium descendit,

ib. 43, 26, 1; cf. ib. 18, 1, 57 fin.:

a Platone,

Plin. 22, 24, 51, § 111; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 43.—Hence, subst.: dē-scendens, entis, m. and f., a descendant; plur. descendentes, posterity, Dig. 23, 2, 68. —

(In Quint.) To depart, deviate, differ from:

tantum ab eo defluebat, quantum ille (sc. Seneca) ab antiquis descenderat,

Quint. 10, 1, 126; id. 3, 5, 8.

2, 16, 13, § 71; Prud. Apoth. 1075.

dī-lābor, lapsus, 3, v. dep. n., to fall asunder, go to pieces, melt away, dissolve (class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

glacies liquefacta et dilapsa,

Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 26; cf.

nix,

Liv. 21, 36, 6:

nebula,

id. 41, 2, 4:

calor,

Verg. A. 4, 705:

Vulcanus (i. e. ignis),

Hor. S. 1, 5, 73:

aestus,

Tac. A. 14, 32 et saep.—Of a river, to flow apart, flow away, hoc quasi rostro finditur Fibrenus, et divisus aequaliter... rapideque dilapsus cito in unum confluit, Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

amnis presso in solum alveo dilabitur,

Curt. 5, 4, 8; cf. Mütz. ad h. 1.— Poet.:

ungula in quinos dilapsa ungues,

divided, Ov. M. 1, 742:

(Proteus) in aquas tenues dilapsus abibit,

melting, Verg. G. 4, 410.—

In partic.

In the historians, of persons, esp. of soldiers, to move away in different directions, to flee, escape, scatter, disperse:

exercitus amisso duce brevi dilabitur,

Sall. J. 18, 3;

so,

absol., id. C. 57, 1; Nep. Eum. 3, 4; Liv. 9, 45; Front. Strat. 2, 1, 18 al.— With ab:

ab signis,

Liv. 23, 18; cf. id. 37, 20.—With ex or e, Liv. 6, 17; 24, 46, 4.— With in:

in oppida,

Liv. 8, 29; cf. id. 21, 32; 40, 33; Front. Strat. 3, 8, 3.—With ad, Suet. Calig. 48; Front. Strat. 3, 6, 3:

domum,

id. ib. 2, 12 fin.:

ab eo,

desert, Vulg. 1 Reg. 13, 8.—

Pregn., to tumble down, i. e. to fall to pieces, go to decay:

monumenta virum dilapsa,

Lucr. 5, 312;

so of buildings,

Liv. 4, 20 Drak.; Tac. A. 4, 43; id. H. 1, 68; 86 fin. al.:

navis putris vetustate,

Liv. 35, 26:

supellex,

Col. 12, 3, 5:

cadavera tabo,

Verg. G. 3, 557; cf.:

corpora foeda,

Ov. M. 7, 550:

fax in cineres,

Hor. C. 4, 13, 28 et saep.

Trop. (acc. to I. B. 2.), to go to decay, go to ruin, perish, be lost: male parta male dilabuntur, like our light come, light go, Poëta ap. Cic. Phil. 2, 27 (for which, disperire, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 22):

ne omnia dilabantur, si unum aliquod effugerit,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 5, 10:

praeclarissime constituta, respublica,

id. Off. 2, 23, 80:

res familiaris,

id. ib. 2, 18, 64:

divitiae, vis corporis, etc.,

Sall. J. 2, 2:

res maxumae (opp. crescere),

id. ib. 10, 6:

omnis invidia,

id. ib. 27, 2:

tempus,

i. e. to slip away, id. ib. 36, 4:

vectigalia publica negligentiā,

i. e. to fall into confusion, Liv. 33, 46 fin.:

curae inter nova gaudia,

to vanish, Ov. P. 4, 4, 21 et saep.:

sunt alii plures fortasse, sed meā memoriā dilabuntur,

vanish, Cic. Phil. 13, 5, 11.—

Of time, to glide away, pass:

dilapso tempore,

Sall. J. 36, 4.

illābor ( inl-), psus, 3, v. dep. n. [inlabor], to fall, slip, slide, glide, or flow into; to fall down, sink down (rare but class.).

Lit.:

quo (i. e. in stomachum) primo illabuntur ea, quae accepta sunt ore,

Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 135; Plin. 5, 29, 31, § 113:

antennis illabitur ebria serpens,

Claud. III. Cons. Stil. 367:

notae jugis illabitur Aetnae,

id. Rapt. Pros. 3, 330:

si fractus illabatur orbis,

should fall in, tumble to ruins, Hor. C. 3, 3, 7:

tepet illabentibus astris Pontus,

Stat. Ach. 1, 138:

rapidus fervor, per pingues unguine taedas illapsus,

Sil. 14, 427:

conjugis illabi lacrimis, unique paratum scire rogum,

to sink down dying, Luc. 5, 281:

qua Nar Tiberino illabitur amni,

id. 1, 475. —

Trop., to flow into, penetrate:

si ea sola voluptas esset, quae quasi titillaret sensus, ut ita dicam, et ad eos cum suavitate afflueret et illaberetur,

Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 39:

sensim pernicies illapsa civium in animos,

id. Leg. 2, 15, 39:

da, pater, augurium, atque animis illabere nostris,

enter into our minds, Verg. A. 3, 89:

animis illapsa voluptas,

Sil. 15, 95; with per, id. 11, 400.

illābor ( inl-), psus, 3, v. dep. n. [inlabor], to fall, slip, slide, glide, or flow into; to fall down, sink down (rare but class.).

Lit.:

quo (i. e. in stomachum) primo illabuntur ea, quae accepta sunt ore,

Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 135; Plin. 5, 29, 31, § 113:

antennis illabitur ebria serpens,

Claud. III. Cons. Stil. 367:

notae jugis illabitur Aetnae,

id. Rapt. Pros. 3, 330:

si fractus illabatur orbis,

should fall in, tumble to ruins, Hor. C. 3, 3, 7:

tepet illabentibus astris Pontus,

Stat. Ach. 1, 138:

rapidus fervor, per pingues unguine taedas illapsus,

Sil. 14, 427:

conjugis illabi lacrimis, unique paratum scire rogum,

to sink down dying, Luc. 5, 281:

qua Nar Tiberino illabitur amni,

id. 1, 475. —

Trop., to flow into, penetrate:

si ea sola voluptas esset, quae quasi titillaret sensus, ut ita dicam, et ad eos cum suavitate afflueret et illaberetur,

Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 39:

sensim pernicies illapsa civium in animos,

id. Leg. 2, 15, 39:

da, pater, augurium, atque animis illabere nostris,

enter into our minds, Verg. A. 3, 89:

animis illapsa voluptas,

Sil. 15, 95; with per, id. 11, 400.

inter-cīdo, īdi, īsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to cut asunder, cut up, cut to pieces, divide, pierce, cut through.

Lit.:

harundinetum,

to thin out by cutting, Col. 4, 32, 4:

venas,

Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 174:

radices,

id. 18, 19, 49, 2, § 177:

olivas acuto calamo,

Pall. Nov. 22, 3:

lacus, interciso monte, in Nar defluit,

Cic. Att. 4, 15, 5; cf.:

an Isthmos intercidi possit,

Quint. 8, 3, 46:

aedis,

Dig. 9, 2, 49:

flammas ignis,

Vulg. Psa. 28, 7:

pontem,

to cut down, Liv. 36, 6.—

Esp., of accounts, to mutilate, falsify:

commentarios,

Plin. Ep. 6, 22, 4:

rationes dominicas,

Dig. 11, 3, 1, § 5. —

Transf., to part, divide, cut up, mangle, mutilate, destroy:

sententias,

to pervert in reading, Gell. 13, 30, 9:

lux intercisa,

Stat. Th. 2, 184:

jugum mediocri valle a castris intercisum,

separated, Hirt. B. G. 8, 14: dies intercisi, half-holidays: intercisi dies sunt, per quos mane et vesperi est nefas;

medio tempore, inter hostiam caesam et exta porrecta, fas: a quo quod fas tum intercedit: aut eo est intercisum nefas, intercisum,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 31 Müll.; cf. Macr. S. 1, 16; Ov. F. 1, 49. — Hence, intercīsē, adv., piecemeal, interruptedly, confusedly, Cic. Part. Or. 7, 24; Gell. 11, 2, 5:

dictum,

syncopated, id. 15, 3, 4.

inter-cĭdo, ĭdi, 3, v. n. [cado], to fall between.

Lit.:

ita in arto stipatae erant naves ut vix ullum telum in mari vanum intercideret,

Liv. 26, 39; 21, 8; 3, 10, 6.—

Transf.

To occur meanwhile, to happen:

si quae interciderunt, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3. —

To fall to the ground, go to ruin, be lost, perish: pereant amici, dum una inimici intercidant, Poët. ap. Cic. Deiot. 9, 25:

intercidunt ova,

Plin. 9, 51, 74, § 163:

credo, quia nulla gesta res insignem fecerit consulatum, memoriā intercidisse,

Liv. 2, 8, 5:

utrum pejorem vocas, apud quem gratia beneficii intercidit, an apud quem etiam memoria?

Sen. Ben. 3, 1:

augur erat: nomen longis intercidit annis,

Ov. F. 2, 433:

sive (opera) exstant, sive intercidere,

Plin. 35, 8, 34, § 53:

haec sequenti tempore interciderunt,

Quint. 1, 5, 52:

cum verba intercidant invalescantque temporibus,

fall into disuse, become obsolete, id. 10, 2, 13:

quod si interciderit tibi nunc aliquid (= excidit e memoria),

something escapes you, you have forgotten something, Hor. S. 2, 4, 6.

in-vādo, vāsi, vāsum (invasse, Lucil. Sat. 2, 4), 3, v. n. and a., to go, come, or get into, to enter upon.

Lit.:

ignis quocumque invasit, cuncta disturbat ac dissipat,

Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 41:

consul exercitusque Romanus sine certamine urbem invasere,

Liv. 10, 10, 4; 24, 33 al.:

forum,

Tac. H. 1, 33:

oppidum,

Front. Strat. 3, 10, 2.—

Transf.

To get into, fall into: ut profugiens hostem, inimici invadam manus, Att. ap. Non. 234, 1.—

In gen., to go, make, accomplish a distance:

biduo tria milia stadiorum invasit,

Tac. A. 11, 8.—

To enter upon, set foot upon:

tuque invade viam,

Verg. A. 6, 260:

lutum minis frigidum,

App. M. 9, p. 232, 11. —

To enter violently, move against, rush upon, fall upon, assail, assault, attack, invade (syn. oppugno); constr with in and acc., or simple acc.

With in and acc. (so nearly always in Cic.; cf. II. B. g infra):

in oppidum antiquum et vetus,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 60:

in transversa latera invaserant cohortes,

Liv. 27, 42:

globus juvenum in ipsum consulem invadit,

id. 2, 47:

in collum (mulieris) invasit,

fell upon her neck, Cic. Phil. 2, 31, 77:

alicujus pectus amplexibus,

to embrace, Petr. 91:

aliquem basiolis,

id. 85;

with osculari,

id. 74:

in Galliam,

Cic. Phil. 11, 2:

si in eas (urbes) vi cum exercitu invasisses,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 20:

cum ferro in aliquem,

id. Caecin. 9, 25.— Impers.:

in oculos invadi nunc est optimum,

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 58.—

With simple acc.:

aciem hastati invadunt,

Liv. 9, 35:

stationem hostium,

id. 37, 20:

validissimas Pompeii copias,

Nep. Dat. 6, 7:

vicinos portus,

Verg. A. 3, 382:

urbem,

id. ib. 2, 265:

jam tandem invasit medios,

id. ib. 12, 497:

eam (Europam),

Nep. Them. 2:

regem,

Val. Max. 3, 2, 3:

in lecto cubantem,

Nep. Dion, 9, 4:

greges,

Ov. F. 2, 210:

madida cum veste gravatum,

Verg. A. 6, 361:

ventus invasit nubem,

Lucr. 6, 174:

canes appropinquantem invadunt,

Col. 7, 12, 7:

castra,

Liv. 10, 35; cf.:

quem semel invasit senectus,

Col. 2, 1, 4.— Pass.:

sperans, mox effusos hostes invadi posse,

Sall. J. 87 fin. — Pass. impers.:

signo dato, undique simul ex insidiis invaditur,

Sall. J. 113.—

To rush into, enter hurriedly into a struggle, fight, etc. ( poet.):

Martem,

Verg. A. 12, 712:

proelia,

Mart. 9, 57, 6:

certamina,

Sil. 17, 473:

bella,

id. 9, 12:

pugnam,

id. 12, 199 al.; cf.: in pugnas, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 323, 32; and:

aut pugnam aut aliquid jam dudum invadere magnum mens agitat mihi,

to attempt, enter hurriedly upon, Verg. A. 9, 186. —

To make an attack on, seize, grasp:

Jubae barbam,

Suet. Caes. 71:

cibum avidius,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 20, 9:

pallium,

Petr. 5, 15:

capillos,

Prop. 3, 8 (4, 7), 5:

virgineos artus,

Ov. M. 11, 200; cf. Suet. Ner. 29. —

Trop.

To fall upon, seize, take possession of, usurp; constr. with in and acc., or simple acc.

With in and acc.:

in multas pecunias,

Cic. Phil. 2, 16:

in quod ipsa invaderet,

id. N. D. 2, 49, 124:

in fortunas alicujus,

id. Phil. 2, 26, 65; id. Rosc. Am. 5:

in praedia alicujus,

id. ib. 8:

in nomen Marii,

id. Phil. 1, 1:

in arcem illius causae,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 8. —

With simple acc.:

dictaturam,

Suet. Caes. 9:

consulatum,

id. Aug. 26:

rempublicam,

Just. 5, 8, 12:

imperium,

Sall. J. 38.—

To make an attack on, seize, lay hold of, attack, befall a person or thing; with simple acc., or in and acc., or dat.

With simple acc.:

cum gravis morbus invasit,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 40:

ne reliquos populares metus invaderet,

Sall. J. 35 fin.:

cupido Marium,

id. ib. 89, 6; id. C. 31, 1 al.:

tantus repente terror invasit, ut,

Caes. B. C. 1, 14.—

With in and acc.:

dolor in oculos,

Lucr. 6, 659:

pestis in vitam invasit,

Cic. Off. 3, 7:

in philosophiam,

id. Tusc. 2, 1, 4:

in nomen Marii,

id. Phil. 1, 2, 5:

vis avaritiae in animos eorum invasit,

Sall. J. 32, 4:

vis morbi in corpus meum,

Liv. 28, 29; cf.:

lassitudine invaserunt misero (mihi) in genua flemina,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 5. [p. 993] —

Rarely with dat.:

furor invaserat improbis,

Cic. Fam. 16, 12, 2; Gell. 19, 4. —

Absol.:

ubi pro continentiā et aequitate lubido atque superbia invasere,

Sall. C. 2, 5:

ubi contagio quasi pestilentia invasit,

id. ib. 10, 6:

cum potentiā avaritia sine modo... invasere,

id. J. 41, 9.—

To assail with words, accost ( poet.):

continuo invadit,

Verg. A. 4, 265:

Agrippa consules anni prioris invasit, cur silerent,

Tac. A. 6, 4:

Vinnium Laco minaciter invasit,

id. H. 1, 33.—Hence, invāsus, a, um, P. a., ingrafted:

comae, i. e. rami,

Pall. Insit. 120.

lăbo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. [from the same root as 1. labor], to totter, be ready to fall, begin to sink, to give way, be loosened (syn.: vacillo, titubo, nato).

Lit.: labat, labuntur saxa, caementae cadunt, Enn. ap. Non. 196, 3 (Trag. v. 142 Vahl.):

signum labat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, 95:

si ex ictu... labant dentes,

Cels. 7, 12, 1:

labat ariete crebro Janua,

Verg. A. 2, 492:

labant curvae naves,

roll, Ov. M. 2, 163:

pressaeque labant sub gurgite turres,

id. ib. 1, 290:

(turris) qua summa labantis Juncturas tabulata dabant,

Verg. A. 2, 463:

littera labat,

written with a trembling hand, Ov. H. 10, 140:

labare sermone,

to stutter, speak indistinctly, Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 146:

si labat oculus et hac atque illac movetur,

is unsteady, Cels. 7, 7, 14:

tarda trementi genua labant,

sink, Verg. A. 5, 432; so,

pedes,

Ov. F. 6, 676:

vincla labant,

are loosed, id. A. A. 2, 85.— Poet., of dying persons:

inde labant populi,

fall, sink, Luc. 6, 93; cf.:

omnia tum vero vitaï claustra lababant,

Lucr. 6, 1153.—With Gr. acc.:

egressi labant vestigia prima,

Verg. A. 10, 283 Forbig. (Rib. egressisque).—

Trop.

To waver, to be unstable, undecided, to hesitate (in opinion, resolution, etc.):

si res labat, Itidem amici collabascunt,

Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 16; cf.:

scito, labare meum consilium illud, quod satis jam fixum videbatur,

Cic. Att. 8, 14, 2:

labamus mutamusque sententiam,

id. Tusc. 1, 32, 78:

cum ei labare M. Antonius videretur,

id. Phil. 6, 4, 10:

animumque labantem inpulit,

Verg. A. 4, 22:

labantia corda,

id. ib. 12, 223:

socii labant,

waver in fidelity, Liv. 22, 61; cf.:

fides sociorum,

id. 32, 30, 9:

animus regis,

id. 40, 54; 2, 39:

quīs lababat fides,

whose fidelity was wavering, Sil. 2, 392:

mens,

Ov. M. 6, 629:

tu mente labantem dirige me,

Luc. 2, 244:

ex nimia matrem pietate labare sensit,

Ov. M. 6, 629:

memoria labat,

becomes weak, Liv. 5, 18; cf.:

mens in illis (phreneticis) labat, in hoc (cordiaco) constat,

Cels. 3, 19:

nec dubium habebatur labare hostes,

Tac. A. 2, 26:

labante jam Agrippina,

id. H. 14, 22:

labantem ordinem contirmare,

Suet. Caes. 14:

acies labantes restituere,

Tac. G. 8 init.:

sustinere labantem aciem,

id. H. 3, 23; 5, 18.—

To sink, fall to pieces, go to ruin:

quid non sic aliud ex alio nectitur, ut non, si unam litteram moveris, labent omnia?

Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74:

omnes rei publicae partes aegras et labantes sanare et confirmare,

id. Mil. 25, 68; cf.:

sustinuisse labantem fortunam populi Romani,

Liv. 26, 41:

sicuti populo Romano sua fortuna labet,

id. 42, 50:

labante egregia quondam disciplina,

id. 36, 6:

cum res Trojana labaret,

Ov. M. 15, 437:

labantibus Vitellii rebus,

Tac. H. 2, 86:

si quid in moribus labaret,

id. A. 2, 33.

occīdo ( obc-), cīdi, cīsum, 3 (occisit for occiderit, Lex Num. Pompil. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. occisum. pp. 178 and 179; also Lex XII. Tab. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4), v. a. [ob-caedo], to strike down, strike to the ground; to beat, smash, crush.

Lit.

In gen. (very rare):

aliquem pugnis,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 20:

occare id est comminuere, ne sit glaeba: quod ita occidunt, occare dictum,

to crush, Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 1:

occisum ad mortem,

wounded to death, Vulg. Apoc. 13, 3.—

In partic., to strike or cut down; to cut off, kill, slay (class. and very freq.; syn.: interficio, trucido, obtrunco): summus ibi capitur meddix: occiditur alter, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll. (Ann. v. 296 Vahl.):

L. Virginius filiam suā manu occidit,

Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 66:

ejus copias,

id. Phil. 14, 14, 36:

ipse pro castris fortissime pugnans occiditur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 36: occidione occidere, to completely cut off, destroy; v. occidio:

ad unum omnes,

to cut off all to the last man, Liv. 3, 23:

aliquem veneno,

to destroy with poison, Suet. Claud. 44; Just. 3, 2, 1:

occisus videtur non tantum qui per vim aut per caedem interfectus est, velut jugulatus... sed et is qui veneno Necatus dicitur,

Paul. Sent. 3, 5, 2 sqq.; cf.:

et occidet eum lingua viperae,

Vulg. Job, 20, 16:

occisa sunt in terrae motu,

id. Apoc. 11, 13:

dedistine ei gladium qui se occideret?

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 92: cum ipse se conaretur occidere, Cic. ap. Quint. 5, 10, 69; so,

se occidere,

Curt. 6, 10, 18; Quint. 7, 3, 7; Suet. Vit. 10; Eutr. 1, 8; 6, 24; Lact. 3, 18, 8; cf.:

occidit, adversariumne? immo vero aiunt se et eum, quem defendit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 74, 302.—

Transf.

To plague to death; to torture, torment, pester (cf. exanimo, II. B.; very rare;

not in Cic. or Cæs.): occidis me, cum istuc rogitas,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 21:

aliā occidis fabulā,

id. Men. 5, 5, 23:

occidis saepe rogando,

Hor. Epod. 14, 5:

legendo,

id. A. P. 475.—

To ruin, undo:

occidisti me tuis fallaciis,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 67.—Hence, oc-cīsus, a, um, P. a., ruined, lost, unfortunate, undone (Plautin.):

occisa est haec res, nisi, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 7.— Sup.:

occisissimus sum omnium, qui vivunt,

I am the most unfortunate, Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 53.

occĭdo, cĭdi, cāsum, 3, v. n. [obcado], to fall down, fall.

Lit.

In gen. (rare):

et alia Signa de caelo ad terram occidunt,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 8: ut alii [p. 1251] super alios occiderent, Liv. 21, 35:

arbores ita inciderant, ut momento levi impulsae occiderent,

id. 23, 24.—

In partic.

Of the heavenly bodies, to go down, set (class.): prope jam occidente sole, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24:

soles occidere, et redire possunt: Nobis, cum semel occidit brevis lux, Nox est perpetua una dormienda,

Cat. 5, 4:

Capra, Aquila, Canicula,

Col. 11, 2, 94:

occasura pars caeli,

i. e. western, Plin. 2, 25, 23, § 92: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, i. e. sundown, sunset, Lex XII. Tab.; cf. Gell. 17, 2, 10 (Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Müll., gives, instead of it, OCCASVS SOLIS; v. 2. occasus); so,

ante solem obcasum,

before sunset, Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 41:

donec lux occidat,

Juv. 13, 158.—Fig.:

non occidet ultra sol tuus,

Vulg. Isa. 60, 20.—

Pregn., to fall, perish, die (class.;

syn.: obeo, pereo, intereo): exstincto calore, occidimus ipsi et extinguimur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 23:

in bello,

id. Fam. 9, 5, 2:

Eudemus proelians ad Syracusas occidit,

id. Div. 1, 25, 53:

sperans hostium saevitiā facile eum occasurum,

Sall. J. 7, 2:

occiderit ferro Priamus?

Verg. A. 2, 581: dextrā suā, to die by one's own hand (by suicide), id. ib. 12, 659:

minimo vulnere,

Ov. M. 6, 265.—

Transf., to perish, be ruined, lost, etc.

Of persons:

sin plane occidimus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 4.—So, esp., occidi, an exclamation of despair, I am lost, undone, Plaut. Stich. 2, 3, 75; Ter. And. 3, 4, 26:

nulla sum, nulla sum: tota tota occidi,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 1:

occidimus funditus,

Verg. A. 11, 413.—

Of things:

non hercle occiderunt mihi etiam fundique atque aedes,

I have not yet lost, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 72:

occidit spes nostra,

is gone, id. Most. 2, 1, 2:

lumen (oculorum),

Lucr. 3, 414:

dolus,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 6:

causa,

Lucr. 2, 790:

rem publicam occidere,

Cic. Dom. 30, 96:

vita,

id. Tusc. 1, 45, 109:

occidit ornatus (mundi),

perishes, id. Ac. 2, 38, 119:

vestra beneficia occasura esse,

id. Mil. 36, 100.—Hence, occĭdens, entis, P. a.; as subst., m., the quarter of the setting sun, the west, the occident (class.):

ab oriente ad occidentem,

Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:

vel occidentis usque ad ultimum sinum,

Hor. Epod. 1, 13:

cui se oriens occidensque submiserat,

Plin. 7, 30, 31, § 112:

validissima in se civium arma viribus occidentis coepta,

Tac. H. 2, 6: partes mundi, Paul. ex Fest. p. 339 Müll.

occīdo, for occedo, q. v.

occumbo ( obc-), cŭbui, cŭbĭtum, 3, v. n. [ob-cumbo, cubo], to fall or sink down (cf.: occido, obeo, oppeto); hence,

To go down, to set, of the heavenly bodies (postclass.):

cometes cum oriretur occumberetque,

Just. 37, 2, 3:

cum sol occumberet,

Vulg. Gen. 15, 12; id. 3 Reg. 22, 36.—

To fall dying, to die (the class. signif. of the word); constr. absol. or with mortem, morte, or morti.

Absol.: cum veter occubuit Priamus, fell, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P. (Ann. v. 17 Vahl.):

aut occubuissem honeste, aut victores hodie viveremus,

Cic. Att. 3, 15, 4: pro libertate cos occubuisse, Suet. Aug. 12 fin.:

circa se dimicans occubuerat,

id. Tit. 4:

fertur et ante annos occubuisse suos,

Ov. A. A. 3, 18:

dederat ne ferro occumbere posset,

id. M. 12, 207:

acie,

Suet. Ner. 2.—

With mortem or morte (the vacillation of MSS. between these two forms makes it difficult to ascertain which was the prevailing one; cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 387;

Krebs, Antibarb. p. 790): pro patriā mortem (al. morte) occumbere,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 102 (Kühner, Moser, Orelli, and Baiter have mortem, Klotz and Fischer morte):

quod liberata patria... mortem occubuisset,

Liv. 2, 7, 8; 3, 50, 8; 26, 25, 14:

qui pugnantes mortem occubuissent,

id. 31, 18, 6. —So, too, letum, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 725 P. (Ann. v. 390 Vahl.):

necem voluntariam,

Suet. Aug. 13 (al., with inferior MSS., nece voluntariā):

ictus clavā morte occubuit,

Liv. 1, 7, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.:

morte occumbentis,

id. 8, 10, 4:

ambo pro republicā morte occubuisse,

id. 38, 58.—

With morti (perh. only poet.): pro vostrā vitā morti occumbant obviam. Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 2, 62 (Trag. v. 176 Vahl.); so,

certae morti, Verg. A. l. l.: neci,

Ov. M. 15, 499.—

To succumb to, fall by the hand of one ( poet.).—With dat.:

Rullo ditissimus agri Occumbis,

Sil. 5, 260; Claud. B. Get. 74.—With per:

per te vidit Vulcani occumbere prolem,

Ov. M. 7, 437. —

Like accumbere, to lie at table, Afran. ap. Non. 97, 29.

ob-vĕnĭo, vēni, ventum, 4, v. n.

Lit., to come before or in the way of, to meet (syn.: obviam venio, occurro;

perh. only in the foll. passage): se in tempore pugnae obventurum,

would come up to the fight, join in the battle, Liv. 29, 34, 8.—

Transf.

To come or fall to one; to fall to one's lot; usually referring only to what is accidental, as the result of a lot, etc.:

Syria Scipioni,

Caes. B. C. 1, 6:

legati, quibus hae partes ad defendendum obvenerant,

id. B. G. 7, 81:

tibi obvenit iste labos,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 40:

Aemilio novum bellum in Etruriā sorte obvenit,

Liv. 9, 31, 1:

cui classis obvenisset,

id. 30, 40, 12.—But also in gen.:

cum hereditas ei obvenisset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 7, § 19 (dub.;

Orell. and B. and K. venisset): si istiusmodi mi fundus hereditate obvenerit,

Varr. R. R. 1, 12, 2:

cum obvenisset mihi hereditas,

Plin. Ep. 7, 11, 6; 3, 6, 1; id. Pan. 40, 1; Just. 38, 5, 4:

haud ab re tibi istic obvenit labos,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 40.—

Still more gen., like obtingere, of an event, to fall out, to befall, happen, occur to one:

obvenit occasio,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 15:

vitium (at the auspices),

Cic. Phil. 2, 33, 83; id. Off. 2, 21, 74:

quaecumque obvenissent,

Suet. Vesp. 21:

obveniens lucrum,

Gai. Inst. 3, 151.

occīdo ( obc-), cīdi, cīsum, 3 (occisit for occiderit, Lex Num. Pompil. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. occisum. pp. 178 and 179; also Lex XII. Tab. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4), v. a. [ob-caedo], to strike down, strike to the ground; to beat, smash, crush.

Lit.

In gen. (very rare):

aliquem pugnis,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 20:

occare id est comminuere, ne sit glaeba: quod ita occidunt, occare dictum,

to crush, Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 1:

occisum ad mortem,

wounded to death, Vulg. Apoc. 13, 3.—

In partic., to strike or cut down; to cut off, kill, slay (class. and very freq.; syn.: interficio, trucido, obtrunco): summus ibi capitur meddix: occiditur alter, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll. (Ann. v. 296 Vahl.):

L. Virginius filiam suā manu occidit,

Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 66:

ejus copias,

id. Phil. 14, 14, 36:

ipse pro castris fortissime pugnans occiditur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 36: occidione occidere, to completely cut off, destroy; v. occidio:

ad unum omnes,

to cut off all to the last man, Liv. 3, 23:

aliquem veneno,

to destroy with poison, Suet. Claud. 44; Just. 3, 2, 1:

occisus videtur non tantum qui per vim aut per caedem interfectus est, velut jugulatus... sed et is qui veneno Necatus dicitur,

Paul. Sent. 3, 5, 2 sqq.; cf.:

et occidet eum lingua viperae,

Vulg. Job, 20, 16:

occisa sunt in terrae motu,

id. Apoc. 11, 13:

dedistine ei gladium qui se occideret?

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 92: cum ipse se conaretur occidere, Cic. ap. Quint. 5, 10, 69; so,

se occidere,

Curt. 6, 10, 18; Quint. 7, 3, 7; Suet. Vit. 10; Eutr. 1, 8; 6, 24; Lact. 3, 18, 8; cf.:

occidit, adversariumne? immo vero aiunt se et eum, quem defendit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 74, 302.—

Transf.

To plague to death; to torture, torment, pester (cf. exanimo, II. B.; very rare;

not in Cic. or Cæs.): occidis me, cum istuc rogitas,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 21:

aliā occidis fabulā,

id. Men. 5, 5, 23:

occidis saepe rogando,

Hor. Epod. 14, 5:

legendo,

id. A. P. 475.—

To ruin, undo:

occidisti me tuis fallaciis,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 67.—Hence, oc-cīsus, a, um, P. a., ruined, lost, unfortunate, undone (Plautin.):

occisa est haec res, nisi, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 7.— Sup.:

occisissimus sum omnium, qui vivunt,

I am the most unfortunate, Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 53.

occĭdo, cĭdi, cāsum, 3, v. n. [obcado], to fall down, fall.

Lit.

In gen. (rare):

et alia Signa de caelo ad terram occidunt,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 8: ut alii [p. 1251] super alios occiderent, Liv. 21, 35:

arbores ita inciderant, ut momento levi impulsae occiderent,

id. 23, 24.—

In partic.

Of the heavenly bodies, to go down, set (class.): prope jam occidente sole, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24:

soles occidere, et redire possunt: Nobis, cum semel occidit brevis lux, Nox est perpetua una dormienda,

Cat. 5, 4:

Capra, Aquila, Canicula,

Col. 11, 2, 94:

occasura pars caeli,

i. e. western, Plin. 2, 25, 23, § 92: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, i. e. sundown, sunset, Lex XII. Tab.; cf. Gell. 17, 2, 10 (Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Müll., gives, instead of it, OCCASVS SOLIS; v. 2. occasus); so,

ante solem obcasum,

before sunset, Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 41:

donec lux occidat,

Juv. 13, 158.—Fig.:

non occidet ultra sol tuus,

Vulg. Isa. 60, 20.—

Pregn., to fall, perish, die (class.;

syn.: obeo, pereo, intereo): exstincto calore, occidimus ipsi et extinguimur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 23:

in bello,

id. Fam. 9, 5, 2:

Eudemus proelians ad Syracusas occidit,

id. Div. 1, 25, 53:

sperans hostium saevitiā facile eum occasurum,

Sall. J. 7, 2:

occiderit ferro Priamus?

Verg. A. 2, 581: dextrā suā, to die by one's own hand (by suicide), id. ib. 12, 659:

minimo vulnere,

Ov. M. 6, 265.—

Transf., to perish, be ruined, lost, etc.

Of persons:

sin plane occidimus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 4.—So, esp., occidi, an exclamation of despair, I am lost, undone, Plaut. Stich. 2, 3, 75; Ter. And. 3, 4, 26:

nulla sum, nulla sum: tota tota occidi,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 1:

occidimus funditus,

Verg. A. 11, 413.—

Of things:

non hercle occiderunt mihi etiam fundique atque aedes,

I have not yet lost, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 72:

occidit spes nostra,

is gone, id. Most. 2, 1, 2:

lumen (oculorum),

Lucr. 3, 414:

dolus,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 6:

causa,

Lucr. 2, 790:

rem publicam occidere,

Cic. Dom. 30, 96:

vita,

id. Tusc. 1, 45, 109:

occidit ornatus (mundi),

perishes, id. Ac. 2, 38, 119:

vestra beneficia occasura esse,

id. Mil. 36, 100.—Hence, occĭdens, entis, P. a.; as subst., m., the quarter of the setting sun, the west, the occident (class.):

ab oriente ad occidentem,

Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:

vel occidentis usque ad ultimum sinum,

Hor. Epod. 1, 13:

cui se oriens occidensque submiserat,

Plin. 7, 30, 31, § 112:

validissima in se civium arma viribus occidentis coepta,

Tac. H. 2, 6: partes mundi, Paul. ex Fest. p. 339 Müll.

occīdo, for occedo, q. v.

occumbo ( obc-), cŭbui, cŭbĭtum, 3, v. n. [ob-cumbo, cubo], to fall or sink down (cf.: occido, obeo, oppeto); hence,

To go down, to set, of the heavenly bodies (postclass.):

cometes cum oriretur occumberetque,

Just. 37, 2, 3:

cum sol occumberet,

Vulg. Gen. 15, 12; id. 3 Reg. 22, 36.—

To fall dying, to die (the class. signif. of the word); constr. absol. or with mortem, morte, or morti.

Absol.: cum veter occubuit Priamus, fell, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P. (Ann. v. 17 Vahl.):

aut occubuissem honeste, aut victores hodie viveremus,

Cic. Att. 3, 15, 4: pro libertate cos occubuisse, Suet. Aug. 12 fin.:

circa se dimicans occubuerat,

id. Tit. 4:

fertur et ante annos occubuisse suos,

Ov. A. A. 3, 18:

dederat ne ferro occumbere posset,

id. M. 12, 207:

acie,

Suet. Ner. 2.—

With mortem or morte (the vacillation of MSS. between these two forms makes it difficult to ascertain which was the prevailing one; cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 387;

Krebs, Antibarb. p. 790): pro patriā mortem (al. morte) occumbere,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 102 (Kühner, Moser, Orelli, and Baiter have mortem, Klotz and Fischer morte):

quod liberata patria... mortem occubuisset,

Liv. 2, 7, 8; 3, 50, 8; 26, 25, 14:

qui pugnantes mortem occubuissent,

id. 31, 18, 6. —So, too, letum, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 725 P. (Ann. v. 390 Vahl.):

necem voluntariam,

Suet. Aug. 13 (al., with inferior MSS., nece voluntariā):

ictus clavā morte occubuit,

Liv. 1, 7, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.:

morte occumbentis,

id. 8, 10, 4:

ambo pro republicā morte occubuisse,

id. 38, 58.—

With morti (perh. only poet.): pro vostrā vitā morti occumbant obviam. Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 2, 62 (Trag. v. 176 Vahl.); so,

certae morti, Verg. A. l. l.: neci,

Ov. M. 15, 499.—

To succumb to, fall by the hand of one ( poet.).—With dat.:

Rullo ditissimus agri Occumbis,

Sil. 5, 260; Claud. B. Get. 74.—With per:

per te vidit Vulcani occumbere prolem,

Ov. M. 7, 437. —

Like accumbere, to lie at table, Afran. ap. Non. 97, 29.

praecĭpĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [praeceps], to throw or cast down headlong, to precipitate (class.; syn.. deicio, deturbo, proruo).

Lit.:

pilae in mare praecipitatae,

Nep. Alcib. 6 fin.:

truncas rupes in tecta domosque,

Stat. Th. 10, 881: currum scopulis, hurl or dash against, Ov. M. 15, 518:

pinus,

Stat. Achill. 2, 546.— Freq. with se or pass. in middle sense:

se e Leucade,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 41:

se a tecto,

Sen. Ep. 4, 4:

se de turri,

Liv. 23, 37:

sese in fossas,

Caes. B. C. 3, 69:

praecipitasse se quosdam constabat (sc. de muro),

threw themselves from the wall, Liv. 23, 19, 6; Hor. S. 2, 3, 277:

plerique semet ipsi praecipitaverunt,

Liv. 21, 14, 1:

se in Tiberim,

id. 4, 12, 11; Caes. B. G. 4, 15; Curt. 4, 16, 16; 6, 6, 32;

Auct. B. Alex. 18: ubi Nilus praecipitans se fragore auditum accolis aufert,

Plin. 6, 29, 35, § 118:

praecipitare volens etiam pulcherrima,

to throw overboard, Juv. 12, 38.—Mid.:

cum alii super vallum praecipitarentur,

threw themselves down, Sall. J. 58, 6; Ov. F. 4, 164; id. M. 7, 760; 11, 556:

lux Praecipitatur aquis,

sinks in the ocean, sets, id. ib. 4, 92; cf.:

hac te praecipitato,

run this way, for life! Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 36.— Absol.: si quando iis (parvis) ludentes minamur, praecipitaturos alicunde, extimescunt, that we will throw them down from any place (= nos eos dejecturos), Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 31.—

Transf., in gen., to bend a thing down:

vitem,

Cato, R. R. 32, 2:

partem (vitis),

Col. 4, 20, 4:

palmitem,

id. 5, 6, 33.—

Trop.

To throw, hurl, or cast down, to precipitate: [p. 1414] praecipitari ex altissimo dignitatis gradu, Cic. Dom. 37, 98; cf.:

in tanta mala praeeipitatus ex patrio regno,

Sall. J. 14, 23.— Esp. with reflex. pron.:

semet ipse praecipitare,

to hasten to ruin, destroy one's self, Sall. J. 41, 9:

se in exitium,

Cels. 3, 21:

se in insidias,

Liv. 3, 18, 7 dub. (Madv. omits se):

furor iraque mentem Praecipitant,

carry away, urge onward, sway violently, Verg. A. 2, 317:

spem festinando praecipitare,

Ov. P. 3, 1, 140:

in senectam praecipitare,

to cause to grow old prematurely, Plin. 17, 12, 19, § 94:

quosdam praecipitat subjecta potentia magnae Invidiae,

Juv. 10, 56.—In pass., Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 43: nox praecipitata, declining, i. e. drawing to a close, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 47; cf.: aetas praecipitata (opp. adulescens), declining age, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5.—

To hasten, hurry a thing (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

quae Praecipitent obitum,

hasten their setting, Cic. Arat. 349:

vindemiam,

Col. 3, 21, 10:

consulta viri,

Sil. 3, 166:

ne praecipitetur editio,

Quint. Ep. ad Tryph. 2:

consilia raptim praecipitata,

precipitate, Liv. 31, 32.— Poet.:

moras,

i. e. exchange delay for haste, Verg. A. 8, 443; 12, 699:

Tiphyn pelago parari praecipitat,

Val. Fl. 2, 390:

cursum,

Juv. 15, 78.—

With acc. and inf., to hasten, press, urge to do any thing ( poet.):

dare tempus Praecipitant curae,

Verg. A. 11, 3:

si praecipitant miserum cognoscere curae,

Stat. Th. 1, 679. —

Neutr., to hasten or rush down, to throw one's self down, rush headlong, sink rapidly, to fall (class., but only of involuntary falling; cf. I. A.).

Lit.:

praecipitare istuc quidem est, non descendere,

Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 90:

de montibus altis ad terram,

Lucr. 4, 1021:

ubi Nilus praecipitat ex altissimis montibus,

Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 19; cf.:

Fibrenus... statim praecipitat in Lirem,

id. Leg. 2, 3, 6: and:

in amni praecipitante,

id. de Or. 3, 48, 186:

nimbi In vada praecipitant,

Verg. A. 9, 670; 11, 617:

in fossam,

Liv. 25, 11, 6; 7, 6, 9; 38, 2, 14;

39, 2, 3: in insidias,

id. 2, 51; 5, 18; Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 82:

non fugis hinc praeceps, dum praecipitare potestas?

Verg. A. 4, 565:

sol praecipitans,

Cic. de Or. 3, 55, 209:

jam nox caelo Praecipitat,

is sinking, draws to a close, Verg. A. 2, 9:

hiems jam praecipitaverat,

had closed, come to an end, Caes. B. C. 3, 25.—

Trop.

To fall down, to fall, rush, or sink to ruin:

qui in amorem Praecipitavit, pejus perit quam si saxo saliat,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 31:

praecipitantes impellere, certe est inhumanum,

Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2; so,

praecipitantem impellamus,

id. Clu. 26, 70:

ubi non subest, quo praecipitet ac decidat,

he may tumble down, id. Rep. 1, 45, 69:

praecipitante re publicā,

id. Sull. 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 31, 87; and:

cum ad Cannas praecipitasset Romana res,

Liv. 27, 40:

ad exitium praecipitans,

Cic. Att. 3, 15, 7.—

To be too hasty:

cum vitiosum sit adsentiri quicquam aut falsum aut incognitum, sustinenda est potius omnis adsensio, ne praecipitet, si temere processerit,

Cic. Ac. 2, 21, 68.—Hence, praecĭpĭ-tanter, adv., hastily, precipitately:

agens mannos ad villam,

Lucr. 3, 1063.

rŭo, ŭi, ŭtum (ruiturus, a, um, Ov. M. 4, 459; Luc. 7, 404; Mart. 1, 88, 4; Plin. Ep. 7, 19, 8; gen. plur. part. ruentum, Verg. A. 11, 886), 3, v. n. and a., to fall with violence, rush down; to fall down, tumble down, go to ruin (cf.: labor, procumbo, cado).

Neutr. (very freq. and class.).

Lit. Rarely of persons:

caedebant pariter pariterque ruebant Victores victique,

Verg. A. 10, 756; so Val. Fl. 7, 642.—Of things:

ruere illa non possunt, ut haec non eodem labefacta motu concidant,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

spectacula runnt,

fell down, tumbled down, Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 47; cf.:

parietes ruunt,

id. Most. 1, 2, 36:

lateres veteres,

id. Truc. 2, 2, 50; so,

aedes,

id. Am. 5, 1, 43; id. Most. 1, 2, 69:

omnia tecta (supra aliquem),

Lucr. 4, 403; Liv. 4, 21, 5; Quint. 8, 3, 68 al.:

altae turres,

Lucr. 5, 307:

moles et machina mundi,

id. 5, 96:

murus,

Liv. 21, 11:

templa deum,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 104;

aulaea,

id. ib. 2, 8, 71:

acervus,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 47:

murus latius quam caederetur,

Liv. 21, 11:

tecta in agris,

id. 4, 21:

silices a montibus altis,

Lucr. 5, 314:

alto a culmine Troja,

Verg. A. 2, 290.— Poet.:

caeli templa,

Lucr. 1, 1105: ruit arduus aether, it rains, or the rain descends in torrents, Verg. G. 1, 324; cf. id. A. 8, 525:

caelum imbribus immodicis,

Mart. 3, 100, 3; cf.:

caelum in se,

Liv. 40, 58:

ruit imbriferum ver,

i.e. is ending, hastening to its close, Verg. G. 1, 313; cf.:

turbidus imber aquā,

id. A. 5, 695:

tempestas,

Tac. A. 1, 30.

Prov.: caelum ruit, the sky is falling; of any thing very improbable: Cl. Quid tum, quaeso, si hoc pater resciverit? Sy. Quid si nunc caelum ruat? Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 41. —

Transf., of rapid, hasty movements, to hasten, hurry, run, rush (cf.:

volo, curro): id ne ferae quidem faciunt, ut ita ruant atque turbentur,

Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 34; cf. id. Att. 7, 7, 7:

(Pompeium) ruere nuntiant et jam jamque adesse,

id. ib. 7, 20, 1:

huc omnis turba ruebat,

Verg. A. 6, 305:

Aeneadae in ferrum ruebant,

id. ib. 8, 648:

per proelia,

id. ib. 12, 526:

quidam inermes ultro ruere ac se morti offerre,

Tac. Agr. 37:

contis gladiisque ruerent,

id. A. 6, 35:

in aquam caeci ruebant,

Liv. 1, 27 fin.:

in castra fugientes,

id. 24, 16, 2: in vulnera ac tela, id. 26, 44:

promiscue in concubitus,

id. 3, 47:

eques pedesque certatim portis ruere,

id. 27, 41:

ad urbem infesto agmine,

id. 3, 3:

ad portas,

Tac. A. 1, 66:

ad convivium,

id. H. 2, 68 fin.:

per vias,

id. ib. 5, 22:

destinatā morte in proelium,

Flor. 2, 18, 12:

ruebant laxatis habenis aurigae,

Curt. 4, 15, 3:

de montibus amnes,

Verg. A. 4, 164:

flumina per campos,

Ov. M. 1, 285:

in Galliam Rhenus,

Tac. H. 5, 19.— Poet., of time:

vertitur interea caelum et ruit Oceano Nox,

i.e. hastens up, sets in, Verg. A. 2, 250:

revoluta ruebat dies,

was advancing, hastening on, id. ib. 10, 256; cf. of the setting of the sun, Val. Fl. 1, 274; App. M. 3, p. 136, 19.— Of sound, to break forth:

antrum, unde ruunt totidem voces, responsa Sibyllae,

Verg. A. 6, 44.—

Trop.

(Acc. to A. 1.) To fall, fail, sink (very rare):

ratio ruat omnis,

Lucr. 4, 507:

quae cum accidunt nemo est quin intellegat, ruere illam rem publicam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 6, § 12:

Vitellium ne prosperis quidem parem, adeo ruentibus debilitatum,

by his falling fortunes, Tac. H. 3, 64:

tam florentes Atheniensium opes ruisse,

Just. 5, 1, 9.—

(Acc. to A. 2.) To rush, dash, hurry, hasten, run, etc. (freq. and class.):

tamquam ad interitum ruerem voluntarium,

Cic. Marcell. 5, 14:

emptorem pati ruere et per errorem in maximam fraudem incurrere,

to act hastily, commit an oversight, id. Off. 3, 13, 55; cf. Liv. 3, 11:

cum cotidie rueret,

Cic. Sest. 64, 133; id. Att. 2, 14, 1; Quint. 2, 20, 2:

compescere ruentes,

Tac. H. 1, 56; 2, 63 fin.; cf. id. ib. 2, 34:

ad seditiones et discordias et bella civilia,

id. ib. 1, 46:

crudelitatis odio in crudelitatem ruitis,

Liv. 3, 53:

in servitium,

Tac. A. 1, 7:

in exitium,

id. H. 1, 84:

in sua fata,

Ov. M. 6, 51:

omnia fatis In pejus,

Verg. G. 1, 200:

quo scelesti ruitis?

Hor. Epod. 7, 1:

quo ruis,

Verg. A. 10, 811; Ov. M. 9, 428:

multos video, quā vel impudentiā vel fames duxit, ruentes,

Quint. 2, 20, 2.— Poet., with inf.:

quo ruis imprudens, vage, dicere fata?

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 71:

scire ruunt,

Luc. 7, 751; Stat. Th. 7, 177; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 387.— Impers. pass.:

ut ferme fugiendo in media fata ruitur,

Liv. 8, 24.—

Act., to cast down with violence, to dash down, tumble down, hurl to the ground, prostrate (except the jurid. phrase ruta caesa, perh. only poet. and in post-Aug. prose, for in the passage, Cic. Att. 2, 15, 2, seu ruet seu eriget rem publicam, ruet might be neutr.)

Lit.:

imbres fluctusque... frangere malum, Ruere antennas, etc.,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 18:

naves (vis venti),

Lucr. 1, 272:

res impetibus crebris (venti),

id. 1, 293:

ceteros ruerem, agerem, raperem, funderem et prosternerem,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 21:

immanem molem volvuntque ruuntque,

Verg. A. 9, 516:

cumulos ruit pinguis harenae,

breaks down, levels, id. G. 1, 105: sese superne in praedam, to cast one ' s self upon, App. Flor. 1, p. 341, 6.—

Poet., transf., to cast up from the bottom, to turn up, throw up, rake up: cum mare permotum ventis, ruit intus harenam, casts up (syn. eruit), Lucr. 6, 726; cf.:

totum (mare) a sedibus imis (venti),

Verg. A. 1, 85:

spumas salis aere,

id. ib. 1, 35:

cinerem et confusa Ossa focis,

id. ib. 11, 211:

atram nubem ad caelum (ignis),

id. G. 2, 308:

unde Divitias aerisque ruam, dic, augur, acervos,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 22.—Hence, rŭtus, a, um, P. a., found only in the phrase rūta et caesa or rūta caesa (acc. to Varro, the u was pronounced long, although it is short in the compounds erutus, obrutus, etc.:

in venditionis lege fundi ruta caesa ita dicimus, ut U producamus,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 104).—In jurid. lang., every thing dug up (ruta) and cut down (caesa) on an estate without being wrought, and which is reserved by the owner at a sale; the timber and minerals: si ruta et caesa excipiantur in venditione, ea placuit esse ruta, quae eruta sunt, ut harena, creta et similia;

caesa ea esse, ut arbores caesas, et carbones et his similia, etc.,

Dig. 19, 1, 17:

in rutis caesis ea sunt, quae terrā non tenentur, quaeque opere structili tectoriove non continentur,

ib. 50, 16, 241:

ruta caesa dicuntur, quae venditor possessionis sui usus gratiā concidit ruendoque contraxit,

Fest. p. 262 Müll.:

ut venditores, cum aedes fundumve vendiderint rutis caesis receptis, concedant tamen aliquid emptori, quod ornandi causā apte et loco positum esse videatur,

Cic. Top. 26, 100: dicet te ne in rutis quidem et caesis solium tibl fraternum recepisse, Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 226.