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1 establish a partnership
Экономика: организовывать товариществоУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > establish a partnership
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2 to establish a partnership
English-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > to establish a partnership
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3 to establish a partnership
English-russian dctionary of diplomacy > to establish a partnership
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4 partnership
юр., ком. спілка; товариство; партнерство; компанія; підприємство; компаньйони; член спілкиодна з основних організаційних форм підприємств (business²), що складається з двох чи більше фізичних або юридичних осіб (entity), тобто партнерів (partners), які вкладають весь капітал або його частку, свої послуги чи досвід з метою отримати прибуток (profit); ♦ відносини між партнерами формально регулюються угодою (partnership agreement), в якій встановлюються розмір вкладу капіталу, розподіл прибутків та збитків, обов'язки і т. ін.; товариство має юридичні обмеження стосовно відповідальності за борг (debt), і тому кожен член товариства окремо несе відповідальність за його борги═════════■═════════commercial partnership комерційне товариство; general partnership товариство з необмеженою відповідальністю • повне товариство; illegal partnership незаконна спілка; limited partnership товариство з обмеженою відповідальністю; mercantile partnership торговельна спілка; ordinary partnership звичайна торговельна спілка; particular partnership просте товариство • специфічна участь у спілці; private limited partnership закрите товариство з обмеженою відповідальністю; secret partnership таємна участь у спілці; special partnership особливе товариство з обмеженим видом діяльності; trading partnership торговельна спілка; universal partnership всесвітня спілка • загальна спілка; unlimited partnership товариство без обмеженої відповідальності; venture partnership венчурне товариство═════════□═════════deed of partnership угода про спілку; in partnership with за участю; partnership agreement угода про спілку • угода про товариство; partnership assets засоби спілки; partnership-at-will спілка на власний розсуд • спілка за власним бажанням; partnership by estoppel неофіційні партнери, позбавлені права заперечити встановлене • неофіційні члени спілки, позбавлені права заперечити встановлене; partnership certificate свідоцтво про участь у спілці; partnership debt заборгованість товариства; partnership insurance страхування товариства; partnership property майно спілки • власність спілки; to become a partnership ставати/стати спілкою; to be in partnership бути партнером • бути членом спілки • бути компаньйоном; to contract a partnership вступати/вступити в спілку • входити/ввійти в спілку; to dissolve a partnership розпускати/розпустити спілку • ліквідувати спілку; to enter into partnership вступати/вступити в спілку • входити/ввійти в спілку; to establish a partnership організовувати/організувати спілку; to form a partnership створювати/створити спілку; to go into partnership входити/ввійти у спілку; to join a partnership приєднуватися/приєднатися до спілки; to withdraw from a partnership відмовлятися/відмовитися від спілки • виходити/вийти зі спілкиpartnership ‡ business² (383)═════════◇═════════партнер < фр. partenaire — спільник (СІС: 504)▹▹ company* * *просте товариство; повне товариство; партнерство (як правило, без утворення юридичної особи) -
5 partnership
n1) участие2) товарищество; компания
- collapsible partnership
- commandite partnership
- commercial partnership
- general partnership
- illegal partnership
- industrial partnership
- innovative partnership
- limited partnership
- mercantile partnership
- new partnership
- nontrading partnership
- ordinary partnership
- professional partnership
- trading partnership
- underlying private equity partnership
- unlimited partnership
- in partnership with
- be in partnership
- contract a partnership
- convert a partnership into a corporation
- dissolve a partnership
- enter into partnership
- establish a partnership
- form a partnership
- go into partnership
- join a partnership
- offer someone a partnership
- retire from a partnership
- take someone into partnership
- withdraw from a partnershipEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > partnership
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6 partnership
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7 establish partnership
Макаров: организовывать товарищество -
8 Gesellschaft
Gesellschaft f 1. GEN association, society (Vereinigung); company, Co.; 2. RECHT company; partnership (Personengesellschaft); (AE) corporation (Kapitalgesellschaft); 3. WIWI company • eine Gesellschaft auf Matrixmanagement umstellen GEN go matrix • eine (Personen-)Gesellschaft gründen GEN form a partnership, set up a partnership, establish a partnership* * *f 1. < Geschäft> association, company (Co.), society; 2. < Recht> Vertragsrecht company; 3. <Vw> company (Co.) ■ eine Gesellschaft auf Matrixmanagement umstellen < Geschäft> go matrix ■ eine Gesellschaft gründen < Geschäft> form a partnership, set up a partnership, establish a partnership* * *Gesellschaft
(Handelsgesellschaft) company, corporation (US), (Teilhaberschaft) partnership firm, [co]partnership, (Vereinigung) society, association, union, fellowship;
• abgewickelte Gesellschaft dissolved company;
• abhängige Gesellschaft controlled (underlying, US) company, subsidiary company (corporation, US);
• angegliederte Gesellschaft associated (related) company (Br.), affiliated corporation (US), affiliate;
• Kapital anlegende Gesellschaft investor company;
• geographisch aufgegliederte Gesellschaft multidivision corporation (US);
• aufgelöste Gesellschaft dissolved company (corporation, US), company wound up, defunct company;
• aufnehmende Gesellschaft (Fusion) absorbing company;
• nicht auf den Betrieb eines Handelsunternehmens ausgerichtete Gesellschaft non-trading company;
• mit zu geringem Eigenkapital ausgestattete Gesellschaft equity-starved company;
• ausländische (auswärtige) Gesellschaft foreign (alien) corporation (US), alien (overseas, Br.) company;
• ausschüttende Gesellschaft dividend-paying company;
• Verlustausgleich beantragende Gesellschaft claimant company;
• befreundete Gesellschaft corresponding company, correspondent;
• im Wandel begriffene Gesellschaft changing society;
• beherrschende Gesellschaft controlling company;
• beklagte Gesellschaft defendant company (corporation);
• aus mehreren Personen bestehende Gesellschaft corporation aggregate (US);
• beteiligte Gesellschaft participating company;
• privatwirtschaftlich betriebene Gesellschaft privately held company;
• nur in Schablonen denkende Gesellschaft punched-card society;
• einbringende Gesellschaft (Fusion) vendor company;
• fortschrittlich eingestellte Gesellschaft forward-looking company;
• handelsgerichtlich eingetragene Gesellschaft registered(incorporated) company (Br.), registered corporation (US);
• nicht im Handelsregister eingetragene Gesellschaft unregistered corporation (US) (company, Br.);
• emittierende Gesellschaft issuing company;
• enteignete Gesellschaft dispossessed (condemned, US) company;
• Gewinnabführungsbeträge entgegennehmende Gesellschaft claimant company;
• neu entstandene Gesellschaft resultant (newly formed) company;
• durch Simultangründung entstandene Gesellschaft non-prospectus company (Br.);
• erlesene Gesellschaft select company;
• im Handelsregister erloschene Gesellschaft defunct company;
• fehlerhaft errichtete Gesellschaft defective company;
• ordnungsgemäß errichtete Gesellschaft de jure corporation (US);
• exklusive Gesellschaft exclusive social circles;
• federführende Gesellschaft pilot company;
• fortbestehende Gesellschaft standing company;
• äußerst freizügige Gesellschaft permissive society;
• fusionierende Gesellschaft merger company, consolidated corporation (US);
• fusionierte Gesellschaft merged company;
• ordnungsgemäß gegründete Gesellschaft de jure corporation (US);
• aus Steuergründen vorübergehend gegründete Gesellschaft collapsible corporation (US);
• für einen besonderen Zweck gegründete Gesellschaft special partnership;
• gut geleitete Gesellschaft well-managed company;
• im Handelsregister gelöschte Gesellschaft defunct company;
• gemeinnützige Gesellschaft nonprofit[-making] (public-serivce) company, benevolent (membership, US, nonprofit, US, public utility) corporation;
• geschlossene Gesellschaft private party (company), club;
• Gewinn abführende Gesellschaft surrendering company;
• halbstaatliche Gesellschaft semigovernmental corporation (US);
• Handel treibende Gesellschaft commercial partnership;
• herrschende Gesellschaft controlling company;
• integrative Gesellschaft integrated society;
• [nicht] konsolidierte Gesellschaft [non-]consolidated company;
• kontrollierende Gesellschaft proprietary (US) (controlling) company;
• konzessionierte Gesellschaft licensed company;
• leoninische Gesellschaft leonine partnership;
• an der Grenze der Rentabilität liegende Gesellschaft marginal company;
• liquidierte Gesellschaft dissolved company;
• mittelständische Gesellschaft middle-class society;
• nachindustrielle Gesellschaft postindustrial society;
• nahe stehende Gesellschaft associated company (Br.), affiliated corporation (US);
• Not leidende Gesellschaft company in default;
• öffentlich-rechtliche Gesellschaft public company (corporation, US);
• privatrechtliche Gesellschaft private corporation (US);
• rechtsfähige Gesellschaft incorporated (registered) company (Br.), corporation de jure (US);
• nicht rechtsfähige Gesellschaft corporation de facto (US), unincorporated (unregistered) company (Br.);
• rückversicherte Gesellschaft reinsured carrier;
• sanierte Gesellschaft reorganized company (corporation) (US), reconstructed company (corporation);
• staatliche Gesellschaft government company;
• stille Gesellschaft dormant (secret, silent, US) partnership;
• stillgelegte Gesellschaft defunct company (Br.);
• effektiv tätige Gesellschaft operating company;
• treuhänderisch tätige Gesellschaft corporation acting as trustee;
• übernehmende Gesellschaft (Fusion) surviving (transferee) company;
• übertragende Gesellschaft (Fusion) transferor company;
• unseriöse Gesellschaft dubious (wildcat) company;
• veräußernde Gesellschaft vendor company;
• verpachtende Gesellschaft lessor company;
• verschachtelte Gesellschaften interrelated companies;
• verstaatlichte Gesellschaft nationalized company;
• vertrauenswürdige Gesellschaft reliable firm;
• vorgeschobene Gesellschaft dummy corporation (US);
• wissensbasierte Gesellschaft knowledge-based society;
• zugelassene Gesellschaft chartered corporation;
• Gesellschaft zur Absatzfinanzierung sales-finance company;
• Gesellschaft, deren Aktien an der Börse gehandelt werden quoted company;
• Gesellschaft in Arbeitnehmerhand employee-owned company;
• Gesellschaft zur Aufbewahrung von Wertgegenständen safe company (US);
• Gesellschaft für musikalische Aufführungs- und mechanische Vervielfältigungsrechte (GEMA) [etwa] Performing Rights Society (Br.);
• Gesellschaft ohne Ausgrenzung inclusive society;
• Gesellschaft mit öffentlich-rechtlichen Befugnissen quasi-public company (corporation, US);
• Gesellschaft zur Bekämpfung des Wettbewerbs Council of Better Business Bureaus;
• Gesellschaft mit Dividendenbeschränkung limited-dividend corporation (US);
• Gesellschaft zur Erschließung von Baugelände industrial development company, development concern (US);
• Gesellschaft zur Finanzierung der Viehzucht cattle-loan company;
• Gesellschaft zur Finanzierung von Warenkrediten commercial credit company;
• Gesellschaft an der Grenze der Rentabilität marginal company;
• Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (GmbH) [etwa] exempt private (limited) company (Br.), a type of close corporation under German law (US), limited liability company, Br., corporation (US);
• Gesellschaft zur Leitung eines öffentlichen Versorgungsbetriebes public service corporation (US);
• Gesellschaft der Luftfrachtagenten society of air cargo agents;
• Gesellschaft mit begrenztem Mitgliederkreis close company (Br.) (corporation, US);
• Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Nachschusspflicht company limited by guarantee (Br.);
• Gesellschaft mit breit gestreutem Produktionsprogramm diversified company (corporation, US);
• Gesellschaft des bürgerlichen Rechts [etwa] partnership at will, non-trading partnership, civil (unlimited) corporation (US);
• Gesellschaft kraft Rechtsscheins partnership by estoppel (Br.);
• Gesellschaft in ausschließlichem Schachtelbesitz wholly-owned corporation (US)
• Gesellschaft auflösen to liquidate a company, to dissolve a business company, to wind up a company (partnership);
• aus einer Gesellschaft austreten to take one’s name off the books, to withdraw from a society;
• einer Gesellschaft als Mitglied beitreten to affiliate o. s. to (with) a society, to enter a society;
• seine Arbeitskraft in eine Gesellschaft einbringen to contribute one’s services to a company;
• Gesellschaft handelsgerichtlich eintragen to register (incorporate) a company;
• in eine Gesellschaft als Teilhaber eintreten to enter a company as partner;
• Gesellschaft errichten to establish a company, to create a corporation (US);
• zwei Gesellschaften fusionieren to unite two companies;
• Gesellschaft gründen to establish a partnership, to incorporate (float, Br., found, form, promote, set up, start) a company, to create a corporation (US);
• Gesellschaft aus den roten Zahlen herausführen to administer a company from red to black (US coll.);
• Gesellschaft nicht verpflichten können to have no power to bind a company;
• Gesellschaft lancieren to promote a company;
• Gesellschaft im Handelsregister löschen [lassen] to withdraw partnership registration;
• jem. Gesellschaft leisten to keep s. o. company;
• Gesellschaft leiten to manage a firm;
• Gesellschaft liquidieren to dissolve a business company (partnership), to liquidate (wind up) a company;
• als Gesellschaft prozessieren to sue in its corporate name;
• Gesellschaft ins Leben rufen to institute a society;
• Finanzen einer Gesellschaft sanieren to rehabilitate a company financially, to reconstruct (reorganize) a company;
• an verschiedenen Gesellschaften beteiligt sein to have holdings in several companies;
• mit 100.000 Dollar an einer Gesellschaft beteiligt sein to have an interest of $ 100,000 in a company;
• Gesellschaft schon vor Zahlung der Steuern in die roten Zahlen treiben to drive a company into the red at the pretax level;
• Gesellschaft übernehmen to take over a company;
• Gesellschaft nur nominell übertragen to transfer a company on paper;
• in eine Gesellschaft umwandeln to form into a company;
• Abend in Gesellschaft verbringen to spend a social evening;
• Gesellschaft verklagen to prosecute a company;
• in eine Gesellschaft aufgenommen werden to be admitted into a company.
umgliedern (umgründen), Gesellschaft
to reorganize a company.
Gesellschaft, deren Aktien an der Börse gehandelt werden
quoted company -
9 организовывать товарищество
1) Economy: establish a partnership2) Makarov: establish partnershipУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > организовывать товарищество
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10 Gesellschaft gründen
Gesellschaft gründen
to establish a partnership, to incorporate (float, Br., found, form, promote, set up, start) a company, to create a corporation (US) -
11 spółka
- ki; -ki; dat sg -ce; gen pl; -ek; fspółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością — EKON limited (liability) company
wchodzić (wejść perf) z kimś w spółkę — to go into partnership with sb
* * *f.Gen.pl. -ek ekon.1. company, corporation, partnership; spółka akcyjna ( w Polsce) joint-stock company; ( w krajach anglosaskich) public limited company; spółka holdingowa holding company; spółka jawna unlimited company; spółka kapitałowa company; spółka komandytowa limited liability partnership; spółka osobowa partnership; spółka cywilna general partnership; spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością limited liability company; spółka joint venture joint venture; spółka zależna daughter company; kapitał spółki equity; statut spółki articles of association l. incorporation; umowa spółki z o.o. ( w Polsce) deed of association; dyrektor spółki company director; wejść do spółki join a company; utworzyć spółkę establish l. set up l. form a company; zlikwidować spółkę dissolve l. liquidate a company.2. przest. joint action; robić coś na spółkę l. do spółki z kimś do sth together with sb; zapłacić na spółkę split the bill, share the costs, go Dutch; wynajmować z kimś pokój/mieszkanie na spółkę share a room/an apartment with sb.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > spółka
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12 creare
createfig ( causare) cause* * *creare v.tr.1 to create: Shakespeare creò innumerevoli personaggi drammatici, Shakespeare created innumerable dramatic characters; creare nuovi modelli, to design new patterns; (teatr.) creare una parte, to create a part2 ( suscitare, causare) to produce, to cause: questo creò molti malintesi, this gave rise to (o caused) a lot of misunderstandings; creare uno scandalo, to create a scandal3 ( costituire) to set* up, to form, to establish: creare una società, to form a partnership // (dir.) creare un precedente, to establish a precedent4 (antiq.) ( eleggere, nominare) to elect, to make*, to appoint: creare qlcu. cavaliere, barone, to create s.o. a knight, a baron.◘ crearsi v.intr.pron. to be created, to be set up: si è creata una situazione insostenibile, an intolerable situation was created.* * *[kre'are]verbo transitivo1) (produrre) to create [opera, modello]; to build* [ impero]2) (costituire) to set* up [compagnia, comitato]; to establish [ precedente]3) fig. (provocare) to create [ scandalo]; to cause [ imbarazzo]; to give* rise to [panico, malintesi]* * *creare/kre'are/ [1]1 (produrre) to create [opera, modello]; to build* [ impero]2 (costituire) to set* up [compagnia, comitato]; to establish [ precedente]3 fig. (provocare) to create [ scandalo]; to cause [ imbarazzo]; to give* rise to [panico, malintesi]. -
13 costituire
constitutesocietà form, create* * *costituire v.tr.1 ( fondare, istituire) to constitute, to establish, to set* up; to form; ( mettere insieme) to build* up, to create, to make* up: costituire un'associazione, to constitute an association; costituire un governo democratico, to set up (o to constitute) a democratic government; costituire una società, ( di persone) to form a partnership, ( commerciale) to incorporate (o to institute) a company, (spec. emettendo azioni) to float a company; costituire una rendita vitalizia a favore di qlcu., to settle an annuity on s.o.; costituire un patrimonio, una fortuna, to build up a fortune2 ( formare, comporre) to constitute, to form, to make* up: questo composto è costituito da tre elementi, three elements form (o go to make up) this compound; due stanze e una cucina costituiscono l'intera sua abitazione, his flat consists of two rooms and a kitchen // (dir.) costituire reato, to amount to a crime3 ( nominare) to appoint, to constitute: ti costituisco mio erede, I am making you my heir // (dir.) costituire qlcu. in mora, to place s.o. in default4 ( rappresentare) to be: imparare molte lingue costituisce il suo sogno, his dream is to learn a lot of languages; la tolleranza costituisce uno dei miei principi fondamentali, tolerance is one of my basic principles.◘ costituirsi v.rifl.1 (dir.) to give* oneself up: dopo tre giorni, l'assassino si costituì, three days later, the murderer gave himself up2 ( nominarsi) to constitute oneself, to appoint oneself: costituire giudice della condotta di qlcu., to constitute oneself a judge of s.o.'s conduct // (dir.): costituire parte civile, to sue for damages in a civil proceeding (o to institute a civil action o to bring an action o to appear as a civil plaintiff); costituire in giudizio, to appear before the court3 ( formarsi, organizzarsi) to set* oneself up, to be formed: (dir.) costituire in comitato, to constitute into a committee; costituire in sindacato, to syndicate; l'Italia si costituì in uno stato solo nel XIX secolo, Italy only became a state in the 19th century; si costituì un gruppo di studio per proseguire le ricerche, a study group was formed to continue the research.* * *[kostitu'ire]1. vt1) (fondare: società, comitato, governo) to set up, form, (accumulare: patrimonio, raccolta) to build up, put together2) (formare: sogg: elementi, parti) to constitute, make up3) (essere, rappresentare) to be, constitute4) (Dir : nominare) to appointcostituire qn presidente/erede — to appoint sb chairman/one's heir
2. vr (costituirsi)2) (ricercato)costituirsi (alla polizia) — to give o.s. up (to the police)
3) Dir* * *[kostitu'ire] 1.verbo transitivo1) (essere) to be*, to constitute2) (mettere in piedi) [persona, gruppo] to constitute, to form, to set* up [squadra, commissione]; to empanel, to constitute [ giuria]; (fondare) to establish [ stato]; to incorporate, to institute [ società]3) (comporre) [ elementi] to make* up, to constitute [ insieme]4) dir. to settle [ rendita] (a, per on)2.verbo pronominale costituirsi1) (consegnarsi alla giustizia) to turn oneself in, to give* oneself up2) (organizzarsi) [ partito] to be* formed- rsi in — to form [partito, società, sindacato]
5) dir.- rsi parte civile — to institute a civil action, to sue for damages in a civil proceeding
- rsi in giudizio — to enter an appearance, to appear before the court
* * *costituire/kostitu'ire/ [102]1 (essere) to be*, to constitute; il furto costituisce reato theft constitutes an offence; costituire una minaccia to pose a threat2 (mettere in piedi) [persona, gruppo] to constitute, to form, to set* up [squadra, commissione]; to empanel, to constitute [ giuria]; (fondare) to establish [ stato]; to incorporate, to institute [ società]4 dir. to settle [ rendita] (a, per on)II costituirsi verbo pronominale1 (consegnarsi alla giustizia) to turn oneself in, to give* oneself up2 (organizzarsi) [ partito] to be* formed4 (raggrupparsi) - rsi in to form [partito, società, sindacato]5 dir. - rsi parte civile to institute a civil action, to sue for damages in a civil proceeding; - rsi in giudizio to enter an appearance, to appear before the court. -
14 begründen
begründen v RECHT substantiate (einen Anspruch)* * *begründen
(Geschäft) to found, to establish, to set up, (Gesellschaft) to float, (substanziieren) to ground, to substantiate;
• Anspruch näher begründen to substantiate a claim;
• Antrag begründen to speak in support of a motion;
• ausführlich begründen to give detailed reasons;
• Entscheidung begründen to state the reasons for a decision;
• späteren Erfolg begründen to lay the foundation for future success;
• Mietverhältnis begründen to enter into a lease;
• seine Sache begründen to make out one’s case;
• Schadenersatzansprüche begründen to sound in damages;
• Teilhaberschaft begründen to organize a partnership;
• Treuhandverhältnis begründen to create a trust;
• Vertragsverhältnis begründen to create a contract;
• seinen Wohnsitz begründen to elect domicile at a place, to establish a domicile. -
15 liability
n1) обязанность; ответственность3) pl долги, задолженность, денежные обязательства4) бухг. пассив
- absolute liability
- acceptance liabilities
- accrued liabilities
- actual tax liability
- additional liabilities
- assessed tax liabilities
- bank liabilities
- business liabilities
- capital liabilities
- carrier's liability
- civil liability
- collective liability
- common law liability
- contingent liabilities
- contract liabilities
- contractual liabilities
- corporate liability
- corporate profits tax liability
- criminal liability
- cross liabilities
- current liabilities
- debt liability
- debtor's liability for payment of the borrowed funds
- deferred liabilities
- deposit liabilities
- direct liability
- eligible liabilities
- employer's liability
- estimated liabilities
- external liabilities
- financial liability
- fixed liabilities
- floating liabilities
- foreign liabilities
- full liability
- government liability
- gross liabilities
- imputed liability
- income tax liability
- indirect liability
- individual liability
- insurance liability
- interest sensitive liabilities
- internal liabilities
- joint liability
- joint and several liability
- licensee's liabilities
- licensor's liability
- legal liability
- limited liability
- liquid liabilities
- long-term liabilities
- material liability
- matured liabilities
- maturing liability
- maximum liability
- noncontractual liability
- noncurrent liabilities
- net liabilities
- off-balance-sheet liability
- other liabilities
- outstanding liabilities
- partnership liabilities
- payroll liabilities
- pension liabilities
- personal liability
- primary liability
- prime liability
- prior-year tax liability
- products liability
- proportional liability
- quick liabilities
- rate-sensitive liabilities
- reserve liability
- secondary liabilities
- secured liability
- short-term liabilities
- sight liability
- solo liability
- tax liability
- time liability
- total liabilities
- trade liabilities
- underwriting liability
- unfunded pension liability
- unlimited liability
- vicarious liability
- year's tax liability
- liability for compensation
- liability for damage
- liability for damages
- liability for debts
- liability for debts and torts
- liability for defects
- liability for endorsement
- liability for infringement
- liability for loss
- liability for partnership debts
- liabilities for settlements
- liability for tax
- liability of an acceptor
- liabilities of a bank
- liability of a carrier
- liability of a drawer
- liability of indemnity
- liability of infringement
- liability on a bill
- liability on a charter
- liability to compensate for damage
- liability to compensate for losses
- liabilities to creditors
- liability to furnish information
- liability to indemnify
- liability to insure
- liability to pay customs duties
- liability to provide maintenance
- liabilities to stockholders
- liabilities under a contract
- without liability
- accept liability
- accrue liabilities
- admit liability
- assume liability
- break down liabilities
- calculate tax liability
- carry as liability
- clear the current liability
- clear off liabilities
- contract liabilities
- create liability
- deny liability
- discharge liabilities
- discharge from liability
- discharge from liabilities
- disclaim liability
- enjoy limited liability
- establish liability
- exclude liability
- exempt liability
- extend liability
- fail to one's liabilities
- fail to meet liabilities
- free from liability
- have liability on a bill
- incur liability
- incur liabilities
- involve liability
- limit liability
- meet liabilities
- minimize tax liability
- modify liabilities
- pay liabilities
- plug the state's unfunded pension liability
- release from liability
- relieve from liability
- repay liabilities
- repudiate liability
- service one's liabilities
- shoulder liability
- take liability upon oneself
- understate tax liability
- undertake liabilityEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > liability
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16 share
1. n1) доля; часть; пай; паевой взнос2) акция
- A shares
- agreed share
- allocated shares
- allotted shares
- assented shares
- B shares
- bank shares
- bearer share
- below par shares
- bogus share
- bonification shares
- bonus share
- budget shares
- callable share
- capital share
- commercial shares
- controlling share
- convertible preference shares
- co-op share
- cumulative shares
- cumulative preference shares
- deferred shares
- deferred ordinary share
- diluted shares
- directors' share
- directors' qualification share
- distributive share
- dominant share
- employee share
- encumbered share
- equal share
- equity shares
- excess shares
- factor share
- forfeited shares
- founders' share
- fractional share
- fully paid shares
- fully paid-up shares
- gold shares
- golden share
- growth share
- high-priced shares
- incentive shares
- income shares
- industrial shares
- inscribed share
- investment trust shares
- irredeemable preference shares
- legended share
- listed shares
- loan share
- low-priced shares
- market share
- maximum share
- minimum share
- mutual fund share
- new shares
- noncumulative shares
- nonparticipating shares
- nonredeemable preferred shares
- nontradable shares
- nonvoting shares
- no-par-value shares
- ordinary shares
- ordinary shares with a voting right
- original shares
- outstanding shares
- own shares
- paid-up shares
- paired shares
- participating shares
- participating preference shares
- partly paid shares
- partnership share
- par value shares
- perpetual preference shares
- personal share
- preference shares
- preferred shares
- priority shares
- promoters' shares
- promoting shares
- proportional share
- proportionate share
- pro rata share
- pro-rated share
- qualification shares
- qualifying shares
- quality shares
- quota share
- quoted shares
- railway shares
- redeemable preference shares
- redeemable preferred shares
- registered shares
- single share
- small share
- speculative shares
- split share
- staff shares
- stamped shares
- subscription shares
- sufficient share
- surplus share
- term shares
- tracking shares
- transferable shares
- treasury share
- twin shares
- underpriced shares
- unissued share
- unquoted shares
- voteless shares
- voting shares
- voting right shares
- wage share
- share in the authorized fund
- share in a business
- share in capital
- share in deliveries
- share in expenses
- share in the loss
- share in ownership
- share in profits
- share in property
- share of commission
- share of corporate stock
- share of partnership income
- share of profits
- share of public spending
- share of revenues
- share of services
- share of stock
- share of supplies
- share of the world market
- share of the world oil trade
- share to bearer
- shares without par value
- in equal shares
- allot shares
- apply for shares
- buyback shares
- convert shares
- delist shares
- determine a share
- disperse shares
- dispose of shares
- encumber a share
- establish a share
- exchange shares
- flog shares
- float shares
- go shares
- gobble up a share
- have a share in smth
- hold shares
- issue shares
- list shares
- pay off shares
- pay up shares
- place shares
- pledge a share
- put shares on the market
- recall shares
- redeem shares
- release shares at the rate of
- release shares on the market
- sell shares piecemeal
- snap up shares
- split shares
- subscribe for shares
- surrender shares
- suspend shares
- take up shares
- tout shares
- trade shares
- transfer shares
- unload shares2. attr.3. v1) делить, разделять, участвовать в чем-л.2) иметь долю -
17 Bodmer, Johann Georg
SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Railways and locomotives, Steam and internal combustion engines, Textiles, Weapons and armour[br]b. 9 December 1786 Zurich, Switzerlandd. 30 May 1864 Zurich, Switzerland[br]Swiss mechanical engineer and inventor.[br]John George Bodmer (as he was known in England) showed signs of great inventive ability even as a child. Soon after completing his apprenticeship to a local millwright, he set up his own work-shop at Zussnacht. One of his first inventions, in 1805, was a shell which exploded on impact. Soon after this he went into partnership with Baron d'Eichthal to establish a cotton mill at St Blaise in the Black Forest. Bodmer designed the water-wheels and all the machinery. A few years later they established a factory for firearms and Bodmer designed special machine tools and developed a system of interchangeable manufacture comparable with American developments at that time. More inventions followed, including a detachable bayonet for breech-loading rifles and a rifled, breech-loading cannon for 12 lb (5.4 kg) shells.Bodmer was appointed by the Grand Duke of Baden to the posts of Director General of the Government Iron Works and Inspector of Artillery. He left St Blaise in 1816 and entered completely into the service of the Grand Duke, but before taking up his duties he visited Britain for the first time and made an intensive five-month tour of textile mills, iron works, workshops and similar establishments.In 1821 he returned to Switzerland and was engaged in setting up cotton mills and other engineering works. In 1824 he went back to England, where he obtained a patent for his improvements in cotton machinery and set up a mill near Bolton incorporating his ideas. His health failing, he was obliged to return to Switzerland in 1828, but he was soon busy with engineering works there and in France. In 1833 he went to England again, first to Bolton and four years later to Manchester in partnership with H.H.Birley. In the next ten years he patented many more inventions in the fields of textile machinery, steam engines and machine tools. These included a balanced steam engine, a mechanical stoker, steam engine valve gear, gear-cutting machines and a circular planer or vertical lathe, anticipating machines of this type later developed in America by E.P. Bullard. The metric system was used in his workshops and in gearing calculations he introduced the concept of diametral pitch, which then became known as "Manchester Pitch". The balanced engine was built in stationary form and in two locomotives, but although their running was remarkably smooth the additional complication prevented their wider use.After the death of H.H.Birley in 1846, Bodmer removed to London until 1848, when he went to Austria. About 1860 he returned to his native town of Zurich. He remained actively engaged in all kinds of inventions up to the end of his life. He obtained fourteen British patents, each of which describes many inventions; two of these patents were extended beyond the normal duration of fourteen years. Two others were obtained on his behalf, one by his brother James in 1813 for his cannon and one relating to railways by Charles Fox in 1847. Many of his inventions had little direct influence but anticipated much later developments. His ideas were sound and some of his engines and machine tools were in use for over sixty years. He was elected a Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1835.[br]Bibliography1845, "The advantages of working stationary and marine engines with high-pressure steam, expansively and at great velocities; and of the compensating, or double crank system", Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 4:372–99.1846, "On the combustion of fuel in furnaces and steam-boilers, with a description of Bodmer's fire-grate", Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 5:362–8.Further ReadingObituary, 1868–9, Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 28:573–608.H.W.Dickinson, 1929–30, "Diary of John George Bodmer, 1816–17", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 10:102–14.D.Brownlie, 1925–6, John George Bodmer, his life and work, particularly in relation to the evolution of mechanical stoking', Transactions of the Newcomen Society 6:86–110.W.O.Henderson (ed.), 1968, Industrial Britain Under the Regency: The Diaries of Escher, Bodmer, May and de Gallois 1814–1818, London: Frank Cass (a more complete account of his visit to Britain).RTS -
18 Owen, Robert
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]b. 14 May 1771 Newtown, Montgomeryshire, Walesd. 17 November 1858 Newtown, Montgomeryshire, Wales[br]Welsh cotton spinner and social reformer.[br]Robert Owen's father was also called Robert and was a saddler, ironmonger and postmaster of Newtown in Montgomeryshire. Robert, the younger, injured his digestion as a child by drinking some scalding hot "flummery", which affected him for the rest of his life. He developed a passion for reading and through this visited London when he was 10 years old. He started work as a pedlar for someone in Stamford and then went to a haberdasher's shop on old London Bridge in London. Although he found the work there too hard, he stayed in the same type of employment when he moved to Manchester.In Manchester Owen soon set up a partnership for making bonnet frames, employing forty workers, but he sold the business and bought a spinning machine. This led him in 1790 into another partnership, with James M'Connel and John Kennedy in a spinning mill, but he moved once again to become Manager of Peter Drink-water's mill. These were all involved in fine spinning, and Drinkwater employed 500 people in one of the best mills in the city. In spite of his youth, Owen claims in his autobiography (1857) that he mastered the job within six weeks and soon improved the spinning. This mill was one of the first to use Sea Island cotton from the West Indies. To have managed such an enterprise so well Owen must have had both managerial and technical ability. Through his spinning connections Owen visited Glasgow, where he met both David Dale and his daughter Anne Caroline, whom he married in 1799. It was this connection which brought him to Dale's New Lanark mills, which he persuaded Dale to sell to a Manchester consortium for £60,000. Owen took over the management of the mills on 1 January 1800. Although he had tried to carry out social reforms in the manner of working at Manchester, it was at New Lanark that Owen acquired fame for the way in which he improved both working and living conditions for the 1,500-strong workforce. He started by seeing that adequate food and groceries were available in that remote site and then built both the school and the New Institution for the Formation of Character, which opened in January 1816. To the pauper children from the Glasgow and Edinburgh slums he gave a good education, while he tried to help the rest of the workforce through activities at the Institution. The "silent monitors" hanging on the textile machines, showing the performance of their operatives, are famous, and many came to see his social experiments. Owen was soon to buy out his original partners for £84,000.Among his social reforms were his efforts to limit child labour in mills, resulting in the Factory Act of 1819. He attempted to establish an ideal community in the USA, to which he sailed in 1824. He was to return to his village of "Harmony" twice more, but broke his connection in 1828. The following year he finally withdrew from New Lanark, where some of his social reforms had been abandoned.[br]Bibliography1857, The Life of Robert Owen, Written by Himself, London.Further ReadingG.D.H.Cole, 1965, Life of Robert Owen (biography).J.Butt (ed.), 1971, Robert Owen, Prince of Cotton Spinners, Newton Abbot; S.Pollard and J.Salt (eds), 1971, Robert Owen, Prophet of the Poor. Essays in Honour of theTwo-Hundredth Anniversary of His Birth, London (both describe Owen's work at New Lanark).RLH -
19 Roberts, Richard
[br]b. 22 April 1789 Carreghova, Llanymynech, Montgomeryshire, Walesd. 11 March 1864 London, England[br]Welsh mechanical engineer and inventor.[br]Richard Roberts was the son of a shoemaker and tollkeeper and received only an elementary education at the village school. At the age of 10 his interest in mechanics was stimulated when he was allowed by the Curate, the Revd Griffith Howell, to use his lathe and other tools. As a young man Roberts acquired a considerable local reputation for his mechanical skills, but these were exercised only in his spare time. For many years he worked in the local limestone quarries, until at the age of 20 he obtained employment as a pattern-maker in Staffordshire. In the next few years he worked as a mechanic in Liverpool, Manchester and Salford before moving in 1814 to London, where he obtained employment with Henry Maudslay. In 1816 he set up on his own account in Manchester. He soon established a reputation there for gear-cutting and other general engineering work, especially for the textile industry, and by 1821 he was employing about twelve men. He built machine tools mainly for his own use, including, in 1817, one of the first planing machines.One of his first inventions was a gas meter, but his first patent was obtained in 1822 for improvements in looms. His most important contribution to textile technology was his invention of the self-acting spinning mule, patented in 1825. The normal fourteen-year term of this patent was extended in 1839 by a further seven years. Between 1826 and 1828 Roberts paid several visits to Alsace, France, arranging cottonspinning machinery for a new factory at Mulhouse. By 1826 he had become a partner in the firm of Sharp Brothers, the company then becoming Sharp, Roberts \& Co. The firm continued to build textile machinery, and in the 1830s it built locomotive engines for the newly created railways and made one experimental steam-carriage for use on roads. The partnership was dissolved in 1843, the Sharps establishing a new works to continue locomotive building while Roberts retained the existing factory, known as the Globe Works, where he soon after took as partners R.G.Dobinson and Benjamin Fothergill (1802–79). This partnership was dissolved c. 1851, and Roberts continued in business on his own for a few years before moving to London as a consulting engineer.During the 1840s and 1850s Roberts produced many new inventions in a variety of fields, including machine tools, clocks and watches, textile machinery, pumps and ships. One of these was a machine controlled by a punched-card system similar to the Jacquard loom for punching rivet holes in plates. This was used in the construction of the Conway and Menai Straits tubular bridges. Roberts was granted twenty-six patents, many of which, before the Patent Law Amendment Act of 1852, covered more than one invention; there were still other inventions he did not patent. He made his contribution to the discussion which led up to the 1852 Act by publishing, in 1830 and 1833, pamphlets suggesting reform of the Patent Law.In the early 1820s Roberts helped to establish the Manchester Mechanics' Institute, and in 1823 he was elected a member of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester. He frequently contributed to their proceedings and in 1861 he was made an Honorary Member. He was elected a Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1838. From 1838 to 1843 he served as a councillor of the then-new Municipal Borough of Manchester. In his final years, without the assistance of business partners, Roberts suffered financial difficulties, and at the time of his death a fund for his aid was being raised.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember, Institution of Civil Engineers 1838.Further ReadingThere is no full-length biography of Richard Roberts but the best account is H.W.Dickinson, 1945–7, "Richard Roberts, his life and inventions", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 25:123–37.W.H.Chaloner, 1968–9, "New light on Richard Roberts, textile engineer (1789–1864)", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 41:27–44.RTS -
20 Thornley, David
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]b. c. 1741 Liverpool (?), Englandd. 27 January 1772 Nottingham, England[br]English partner in Arkwright's cotton-spinning venture.[br]On 4 November 1766 David Thornley married Mary, daughter of Joseph Brown, roper, at St Peter's, Liverpool. In Gore's Dictionary for 1767 Thornley is described as "merchant" and his wife as "milliner" of Castle Street, Liverpool. David Thornley was distantly related to Richard Arkwright and certainly by 1768 Thornley had begun his active association with Arkwright when he joined him in Preston, an event recorded in the inquiry into the qualifications of those who had voted in the Burgoyne election. Thornley may have helped Arkwright with the technical development of his spinning machine.On 14 May 1768, Arkwright, Smalley and Thornley became partners in the cotton-spinning venture at Nottingham for a term of fourteen years, or longer if a patent could be obtained. Each partner was to have three one-ninth shares and was to advance such money as might be necessary to apply for a patent as well as to develop the spinning machine. Profits were to be divided equally as often as convenient and the partners were to devote their whole time to the business after a period of two years. How-ever, it seems that in 1769 the partners had difficulty in raising the necessary money to finance the patent, and Thornley had to reduce his stake in the partnership to a one-ninth share. By this time Thornley must have moved to Nottingham, where Arkwright established his first mill. On 19 January 1770, additional finance was provided by two new partners, Samuel Need and Jedediah Strutt, and alterations were made to the mill buildings that the partners had leased to work the spinning machines by horse power. Arkwright and Thornley were to be responsible for the day-to-day management of the mill, receiving £25 per annum for these duties. Thornley appears to have remained at Nottingham to supervise the mill, while the other partners moved to Cromford to establish the much larger enterprise there. It was at Nottingham that David Thornley died in January 1772, and his share in the partnership was bought from his wife, Mary, by Arkwright. Mary returned to her millinery business in Liverpool.[br]Further ReadingUntil copies of the original agreements between Arkwright's partners were presented to the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Thornley's existence was unknown. The only account of his life is given in R.S.Fitton, 1989, The Arkwrights, Spinners of Fortune, Manchester. The "Articles of Agreement", 19 June 1769, are printed in R.L. Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester. This book also includes part of Arkwright's agreement with his later partners which mentions Thornley's death and covers the technical aspects of the cotton-spinning invention.RLH
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