deteriorem

• A good seed, planted even in poor soil, will bear rich fruit by its own nature. (Accius)

dētĕrĭor, ius, adj. comp. ( sup. deterrimus, a um) [from an obs. adj. deter, from de, down; hence, lower, inferior, worse], worse, poorer, meaner (freq. and class.—for syn. cf.: malus, injustus, improbus; pravus, nequam, corruptus, perversus; and the compp. pejor, etc.).

Of inanimate things: seges, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13:

ruina rem non fecit deteriorem, haud scio an jam fructuosiorem,

Cic. Att. 14, 11 fin.: so, vectigalia, * Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 4:

muraena carne,

Hor. S. 2, 8, 44:

deterior ac decolor aetas,

Verg. A. 8, 326:

forma,

Lucr. 4, 1275:

mores,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 9:

via,

id. Trin. 3, 2, 54 et saep.:

video meliora proboque, Deteriora sequor,

Ov. M. 7, 21:

cuncta aucta in deterius,

Tac. A. 2, 82; 3, 10; id. H. 3, 13 al.— Sup.:

genus reipublicae ex bono in deterrimum conversum,

Cic. Rep. 2, 26; so,

genus,

id. ib. 1, 42:

finis,

id. Lael. 16, 59:

causa belli,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 107:

color,

Verg. G. 3, 82:

cogitare optima simul et deterrima,

Quint. 12, 1, 4 et saep.—

Of persons:

quo deteriores anteponantur bonis,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 39;

opp. melior,

Cic. Phil. 13, 19; Quint. 2, 4, 21 al.;

opp. optimus,

Liv. 39, 27;

opp. strenuior,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 10:

vidi ego nequam homines, verum te neminem deteriorem,

id. Bac. 5, 2, 61 et saep.:

peditatu erat deterior,

weaker, Nep. Eum. 3 fin.:

infideli deterior,

Vulg. 1 Tim. 5, 8.— Sup.:

homo deterrime et impudentissime,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 16; id. Tusc. 1, 33, 81.— dēterius, adv., worse, less:

de male Graecis Latine scripta deterius,

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:

nequi deterius huic sit quam quoi pessumest,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 80: valeo, Luccei. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14:

olet herba,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 19:

spe nostra si placeant,

id. S. 1, 10, 90.

ap-plĭco ( adp-, Ritschl, Fleck., Baiter, Weissenb., Halm, in Quint.; app-, Merk., Kayser, Halm, in Nep. Rib.), āvi and ui, ātum and ĭtum, 1, v. a. (applicui appears to have first become prevalent in the time of Cic., and is the com. form in Vulg.; cf. Gell. 1, 7 fin.; applicavi is used by Pac. ap. Prisc. p. 860 P.; Varr. ib.; Ter. Heaut. prol. 23; Auct. B. Alex. 17 fin.; Cic. Clu. 16, 46; 24, 66; id. de Or. 1, 39, 177; 2, 13, 55; id. Brut. 91, 316; id. Inv. 2, 13, 43; 2, 51, 153; id. Tusc. 5, 27, 77; id. Ac. 2, 20, 65; and id. Fam. 3, 11, 5; Val. Max. 4, 7, 4; Plin. 11, 2, 1, § 2; Vulg. 1 Reg. 30, 7; ib. Eccli. 33, 12; ib. Osee, 7, 6. It is found in the best MSS. and edd.; cf. Zumpt ad Cic. Verr. p. 240, and Neue, Formenl. II. pp. 477 and 479. Still later than applicui, the sup. applicitum became prevalent, Inscr, Neap. l. 6916; Inscr. Orell. 4570; Col. 4, 22, 1; 4, 24, 18; Quint. 1, 2, 26; 2, 4, 30; 4, 2, 117; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 23; cf. Neue, Formenl. II. p. 551, and v. P. a. infra; cf. plico and its compounds, complico, explico, implico, etc.); orig., to join, fasten, or attach to, to affix; hence, to bring, add, put, place to or near to, etc. (very freq., esp. in trop. signif. and in more elevated style; in Plaut. twice; in Ter. four times;

in Cic. epistt. only once,

Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 3; never in Tac.; syn.: admoveo, adjungo, addo, adhibeo, adicio).

In gen.

Lit.; constr. usu. with ad; rarely with dat.

With ad:

se ad arbores,

to lean against, Caes. B. G. 6, 27 (cf.:

trunco se applicuit,

Just. 12, 9, 9):

applicuit ambos ad eum,

Vulg. Gen. 48, 13; ib. 1 Macc. 9, 3:

umeros ad saxa,

Ov. M. 5, 160:

sinistrum (cornu) ad oppidum,

Liv. 27, 2:

se ad flammam,

to approach, Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 77:

sudarium ad os,

Suet. Ner. 25 al. —

With dat.:

ratem (sc. rati),

Liv. 21, 28, 5:

flumini castra,

id. 32, 30:

corporibus adplicantur,

id. 23, 27:

(asellum) ulmo,

Ov. F. 3, 750:

sanctos applicabit sibi,

Vulg. Num. 16, 5; ib. 2 Par. 2, 16.—Also with local adv.:

boves illuc,

Ov. F. 1, 543.—

Trop.

To connect with, to add to a thing:

ut ad honestatem adplicetur (voluptas),

Cic. Fin. 2, 12, 37:

annum,

Mart. 6, 28, 9:

adplicare verba verbis,

Quint. 7, 10, 17; 7, 3, 19.—

Se or animum, to attach, apply, or devote one's self or one's mind to a person or thing:

illae extemplo se (ad eos) adplicant, adglutinant,

Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 67:

hi se ad vos adplicant,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 13; id. And. 5, 4, 21: ad Siculos se adplicavit, Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 860 P.:

se ad alicujus familiaritatem,

Cic. Clu. 16, 46:

Sicilia se ad amicitiam fidemque populi Romani applicavit,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 1; so id. Lael. 9, 32; id. de Or. 1, 39, 177; id. Fam. 3, 11, 3 al.:

ad Atheniensium societatem se applicare,

Nep. Arist. 2, 3:

Certa res est ad frugem adplicare animum,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 34:

animum aegrotum ad deteriorem partem adplicat,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 22:

ad virtutem animus se adplicat,

Cic. Lael. 14, 48:

aures modis,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 8; so id. C. S. 72 (cf.:

admovere aures, s. v. admoveo, and adhibere aures,

Cic. Arch. 3): sese ad convivia, Cato ap. Gell. 11, 2, 5:

se ad studium musicum,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 23:

me ad eundem quem Romae audiveram Molonem applicavi,

Cic. Brut. 91, 316:

se ad philosophiam, ad jus civile, ad eloquentiam,

id. Off. 1, 32, 115:

se ad scribendam historiam,

id. de Or. 2, 13, 55 al. —

Crimen alicui, to charge one with a crime, Plin. Ep. 10, 66, 4.—

Esp., naut. t. t., navem, or absol. applicari, and in the act. as v. n. (cf. 1. appello, II.), to drive, direct, steer, or bring a ship anywhere, to land, to bring to land:

navim ad naufragum applicarunt,

Cic. Inv. 2. 51, 153: ad Heraeum naves adplicuit, Liv 33, 17;

37, 12, 5: adplicatis nostris ad ter ram navibus,

Caes. B. C. 3, 101 Held.:

Ciae telluris ad oras Applicor,

Ov. M. 3, 598:

applicor ignotis (sc. terris),

id. H. 7, 117 Ruhnk. and Loers.—With in and acc.:

applicor in terras,

Ov. H. 16, 126 (cf.:

appellere in aliquem locum,

Liv. 8, 3, and 28, 42): ad terram adplicant, Auct. B. Hisp. 37 fin.; so Just. 2, 4, 21; 2, 12, 2; Dig. 1, 16, 4.—With acc. of place whither:

aliā applicuimus Samum,

Vulg. Act. 20, 15.—With abl.:

quocumque litore adplicuisse naves,

Liv. 44, 32, 4.— Absol.:

et applicuerant,

Vulg. Marc. 6, 53.— Poet.: quo accedam? quo adplicem? Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44: quae vis immanibus applicat oris, drives or brings you, etc., Verg. A. 1, 616 (cf.:

nos Libycis tempestas adpulit oris,

id. ib. 1, 377):

sublimis rapitur (Medea) et Creteis regionibus applicat angues,

i. e. her dragon-chariot, Ov. M. 7, 223.—Hence,

applĭcātus ( adp-), a, um, P. a.

Placed upon, lying upon or close to, attached to:

aures,

Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 5:

Leucas colli adplicata,

Liv. 33, 17, and Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11:

nervi adplicati ossibus,

id. 11, 37, 88, § 217.—

Inclined or adapted to, directed to:

omne animal adplicatum esse ad se diligendum,

inclined to self-love, Cic. Fin. 4, 13, 34:

vehemens ad aliquam rem applicata occupatio,

id. Inv. 1, 25, 36.— Comp., sup., and adv. not used.—

ap-plĭcĭtus ( adp-), a, um, P. a., applied or joined to, attached to:

adplicitum est cubiculo hypocauston,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 23:

trunco palus,

Col. 4, 22, 2: vites arboribus adplicitae, [p. 143] Quint. 1, 2, 26.— Trop.:

pressus et velut adplicitus rei cultus,

Quint. 4, 2, 117.

ap-plĭco ( adp-, Ritschl, Fleck., Baiter, Weissenb., Halm, in Quint.; app-, Merk., Kayser, Halm, in Nep. Rib.), āvi and ui, ātum and ĭtum, 1, v. a. (applicui appears to have first become prevalent in the time of Cic., and is the com. form in Vulg.; cf. Gell. 1, 7 fin.; applicavi is used by Pac. ap. Prisc. p. 860 P.; Varr. ib.; Ter. Heaut. prol. 23; Auct. B. Alex. 17 fin.; Cic. Clu. 16, 46; 24, 66; id. de Or. 1, 39, 177; 2, 13, 55; id. Brut. 91, 316; id. Inv. 2, 13, 43; 2, 51, 153; id. Tusc. 5, 27, 77; id. Ac. 2, 20, 65; and id. Fam. 3, 11, 5; Val. Max. 4, 7, 4; Plin. 11, 2, 1, § 2; Vulg. 1 Reg. 30, 7; ib. Eccli. 33, 12; ib. Osee, 7, 6. It is found in the best MSS. and edd.; cf. Zumpt ad Cic. Verr. p. 240, and Neue, Formenl. II. pp. 477 and 479. Still later than applicui, the sup. applicitum became prevalent, Inscr, Neap. l. 6916; Inscr. Orell. 4570; Col. 4, 22, 1; 4, 24, 18; Quint. 1, 2, 26; 2, 4, 30; 4, 2, 117; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 23; cf. Neue, Formenl. II. p. 551, and v. P. a. infra; cf. plico and its compounds, complico, explico, implico, etc.); orig., to join, fasten, or attach to, to affix; hence, to bring, add, put, place to or near to, etc. (very freq., esp. in trop. signif. and in more elevated style; in Plaut. twice; in Ter. four times;

in Cic. epistt. only once,

Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 3; never in Tac.; syn.: admoveo, adjungo, addo, adhibeo, adicio).

In gen.

Lit.; constr. usu. with ad; rarely with dat.

With ad:

se ad arbores,

to lean against, Caes. B. G. 6, 27 (cf.:

trunco se applicuit,

Just. 12, 9, 9):

applicuit ambos ad eum,

Vulg. Gen. 48, 13; ib. 1 Macc. 9, 3:

umeros ad saxa,

Ov. M. 5, 160:

sinistrum (cornu) ad oppidum,

Liv. 27, 2:

se ad flammam,

to approach, Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 77:

sudarium ad os,

Suet. Ner. 25 al. —

With dat.:

ratem (sc. rati),

Liv. 21, 28, 5:

flumini castra,

id. 32, 30:

corporibus adplicantur,

id. 23, 27:

(asellum) ulmo,

Ov. F. 3, 750:

sanctos applicabit sibi,

Vulg. Num. 16, 5; ib. 2 Par. 2, 16.—Also with local adv.:

boves illuc,

Ov. F. 1, 543.—

Trop.

To connect with, to add to a thing:

ut ad honestatem adplicetur (voluptas),

Cic. Fin. 2, 12, 37:

annum,

Mart. 6, 28, 9:

adplicare verba verbis,

Quint. 7, 10, 17; 7, 3, 19.—

Se or animum, to attach, apply, or devote one's self or one's mind to a person or thing:

illae extemplo se (ad eos) adplicant, adglutinant,

Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 67:

hi se ad vos adplicant,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 13; id. And. 5, 4, 21: ad Siculos se adplicavit, Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 860 P.:

se ad alicujus familiaritatem,

Cic. Clu. 16, 46:

Sicilia se ad amicitiam fidemque populi Romani applicavit,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 1; so id. Lael. 9, 32; id. de Or. 1, 39, 177; id. Fam. 3, 11, 3 al.:

ad Atheniensium societatem se applicare,

Nep. Arist. 2, 3:

Certa res est ad frugem adplicare animum,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 34:

animum aegrotum ad deteriorem partem adplicat,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 22:

ad virtutem animus se adplicat,

Cic. Lael. 14, 48:

aures modis,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 8; so id. C. S. 72 (cf.:

admovere aures, s. v. admoveo, and adhibere aures,

Cic. Arch. 3): sese ad convivia, Cato ap. Gell. 11, 2, 5:

se ad studium musicum,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 23:

me ad eundem quem Romae audiveram Molonem applicavi,

Cic. Brut. 91, 316:

se ad philosophiam, ad jus civile, ad eloquentiam,

id. Off. 1, 32, 115:

se ad scribendam historiam,

id. de Or. 2, 13, 55 al. —

Crimen alicui, to charge one with a crime, Plin. Ep. 10, 66, 4.—

Esp., naut. t. t., navem, or absol. applicari, and in the act. as v. n. (cf. 1. appello, II.), to drive, direct, steer, or bring a ship anywhere, to land, to bring to land:

navim ad naufragum applicarunt,

Cic. Inv. 2. 51, 153: ad Heraeum naves adplicuit, Liv 33, 17;

37, 12, 5: adplicatis nostris ad ter ram navibus,

Caes. B. C. 3, 101 Held.:

Ciae telluris ad oras Applicor,

Ov. M. 3, 598:

applicor ignotis (sc. terris),

id. H. 7, 117 Ruhnk. and Loers.—With in and acc.:

applicor in terras,

Ov. H. 16, 126 (cf.:

appellere in aliquem locum,

Liv. 8, 3, and 28, 42): ad terram adplicant, Auct. B. Hisp. 37 fin.; so Just. 2, 4, 21; 2, 12, 2; Dig. 1, 16, 4.—With acc. of place whither:

aliā applicuimus Samum,

Vulg. Act. 20, 15.—With abl.:

quocumque litore adplicuisse naves,

Liv. 44, 32, 4.— Absol.:

et applicuerant,

Vulg. Marc. 6, 53.— Poet.: quo accedam? quo adplicem? Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44: quae vis immanibus applicat oris, drives or brings you, etc., Verg. A. 1, 616 (cf.:

nos Libycis tempestas adpulit oris,

id. ib. 1, 377):

sublimis rapitur (Medea) et Creteis regionibus applicat angues,

i. e. her dragon-chariot, Ov. M. 7, 223.—Hence,

applĭcātus ( adp-), a, um, P. a.

Placed upon, lying upon or close to, attached to:

aures,

Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 5:

Leucas colli adplicata,

Liv. 33, 17, and Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11:

nervi adplicati ossibus,

id. 11, 37, 88, § 217.—

Inclined or adapted to, directed to:

omne animal adplicatum esse ad se diligendum,

inclined to self-love, Cic. Fin. 4, 13, 34:

vehemens ad aliquam rem applicata occupatio,

id. Inv. 1, 25, 36.— Comp., sup., and adv. not used.—

ap-plĭcĭtus ( adp-), a, um, P. a., applied or joined to, attached to:

adplicitum est cubiculo hypocauston,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 23:

trunco palus,

Col. 4, 22, 2: vites arboribus adplicitae, [p. 143] Quint. 1, 2, 26.— Trop.:

pressus et velut adplicitus rei cultus,

Quint. 4, 2, 117.

calcŭlus, i, m. dim. [2. calx; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 46].

In gen., a small stone, a pebble:

conjectis in os calculis,

Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261:

Demosthenes calculos linguā volvens dicere domi solebat,

Quint. 11, 3, 54; Vitr. 7, 2:

argilla et dumosis calculus arvis,

gravel in the thorny fields, Serv. ad Verg. G. 2, 180; Plin. 4, 8, 15, § 37; 28, 9, 33, § 124.—

Trop., of discourse:

qui tenui venulā per calculos fluunt,

Quint. 12, 10, 25.—

Esp.

A stone in the bladder or kidneys, the gravel, stone, Cels. 7, 26:

curare,

Plin. 20, 21, 86, § 234:

comminuere et eicere,

id. 20, 4, 13, § 23; cf.

eicere,

Suet. Aug. 80:

movere,

Plin. 20, 22, 91, § 248:

exturbare,

id. 20, 10, 42, § 109:

frangere,

id. 22, 21, 29, § 59:

rumpere,

id. 23, 8, 80, § 153. —

A draughtsman, a stone or counter used in playing draughts. called duodecim scripta, in which, as in chess, by driving a piece from one square to another, the person beaten could not finally move at all (ad incitas redactus est):

in lusu duodecim scriptorum cum prior calculum promovisset, etc.,

Quint. 11, 2, 38; cf. Ov. A. A. 2, 207; 3, 357; id. Tr. 2, 478; Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 5; Mart. 14, 20; Isid. Orig. 18, 67:

calculorum ludus,

Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 5, 165.—

Trop.: calculum reducere, to take back a move: tibi concedo, quod in XII. scriptis solemus, ut calculum reducas, si te alicujus dati paenitet, Cic. ap. Non. p. 170, 28 (Hortens. Fragm. 51 B. and K.): quā re nunc saltem ad illos calculos revertamur, quos tum abjecimus, i. e. those principles of action, id. Att. 8, 12, 5.—

A stone used in reckoning on the counting-board; hence meton., a reckoning, computing, calculating:

calculi et rationes,

Quint. 11, 3, 59; 7, 4, 35; 8, 3, 14;

12, 11, 18 Spald.: calculos subducere,

to compute, reckon, cast up, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 60:

ponere,

Col. 3, 3, 7:

ponere cum aliquo,

Plin. Pan. 20, 5:

de posteris cogitanti in condicionibus deligendus ponendus est calculus,

id. ib. 1, 14, 9:

amicitiam ad calculos vocare,

to subject to an accurate reckoning, hold to a strict account, Cic. Lael. 16, 58:

si ad calculos eum respublica vocet,

settles accounts, reckons, Liv. 5, 4, 7:

revocare aliquid ad calculos,

Val. Max. 4, 7, 1:

ratio calculorum,

Col. 1, 3, 8.—

Trop.:

cum aliquā re parem calculum ponere,

i.e. to render equal for equal, Plin. Ep. 5, 2, 1:

quos ego movi calculos,

considerations which I have suggested, id. ib. 2, 19, 9.—

In the most ancient per., a stone used in voting; a vote, sentence, decision, suffrage; a white one for assent or acquittal, a black for denial or condemnation; cf. Ov. M. 15, 41 sq.; App. M. 10, p. 242.— Hence judicialis, Imp. Just. Cod. 3, 1, 12: deteriorem reportare, i. e. an adverse decision, Impp. Diocl. et Max. Cod. 7, 62, 10:

calculis omnibus,

by a unanimous vote, App. M. 7, p. 191, 21.— Trop.:

si modo tu fortasse errori nostro album calculum adjeceris,

i. e. approve, Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 5.—

The Thracians were accustomed to preserve the recollection of fortunate occurrences by white stones, and of unfortunate by black, Plin. 7, 40, 41, § 131.—Hence,

Trop.:

o diem laetum, notandumque mihi candidissimo calculo!

i. e. a most happy day! Plin. Ep. 6, 11, 3; cf. Mart. 12, 34, 9, § 53; Pers. 2, 1 sq.—

In late Lat., a small weight: calculus constat ex granis ciceris duobus, Auct. Ponder ap. Goes. Agr. p. 322 (in Isid. Orig. 16, 25, 8, called calcus).

ĭta, adv. [pronom. stem i-; cf. is; Sanscr. itthā; Zend, itha], in the manner specified, in this manner, in this wise, in such a way, so, thus.

In gen.

Referring to what precedes, as has been said, thus, so:

des operam ut investiges sitne ita,

Cic. Att. 12, 17: vidi ego nequam homines, verum te nullum deteriorem. Phil. Ita sum, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 60:

ita aiunt,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 21; 3, 3, 18; id. Ad. 5, 5, 7:

et hercule ita fecit,

Cic. Cael. 11, 37:

factum est ita,

id. Att. 7, 8, 4:

aiunt enim te ita dictitare,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 64, § 151;

frequent in phrase: quae cum ita sint,

since what has been said is true, id. Rosc. Com. 6, 17 init.; so,

quod cum ita sit,

id. Caecin. 12, 33:

quae cum ita essent,

id. Clu. 34, 94 fin. —

To introduce the thought which follows, thus, in the following manner, as follows, in this way:

in tertio de oratore ita scriptum est, in perpetua, etc.,

Quint. 9, 1, 25:

haec ita digerunt: primum... secundum, etc.,

id. 11, 2, 20:

ita sciunt procuratores... nullius apud te auctoritatem valere plus quam meam,

Cic. Fam. 13, 42, 4; id. Tusc. 3, 18, 41:

ita constitui, fortiter esse agendum,

id. Clu. 19, 51. —

In affirmations, esp. in replies, yes, it is so, just so, true: quid istic tibi negoti est? Dav. Mihin'? Si. Ita, Ter. And. 5, 2, 8:

an laudationes? ita, inquit Antonius,

Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 44:

Davusne? ita,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 2; so in solemn affirmation: est ita: est, judices, ita, ut dicitur, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 52, § 117:

et certe ita est,

id. Att. 9, 13, 2:

ita est,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 51; Ter. And. 1, 1, 27;

and in negations: non est ita,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, § 158; strengthened by other particles of affirmation: as vero, profecto, prorsus, plane;

ita vero,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 37:

ita profecto,

id. Am. 1, 1, 214:

non est profecto ita, judices,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 121:

ita prorsus,

id. Tusc. 2, 27, 67:

prorsus ita,

id. Leg. 3, 12, 26:

ita plane,

id. Tusc. 1, 7, 13; id. Ac. 2, 35, 113.—

In interrogations, esp.

Jeeringly, implying an affirmative, = alêthes: itane? really? truly? is it so? itane credis? Ter. And. 2, 3, 25; id. Eun. 5, 8, 28; Cic. Div. 2, 40, 83:

itane est?

id. Rosc. Am. 39, 113;

so with vero or tandem: itane vero? ego non justus?

Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11; id. Verr. 2, 5, 30, § 77; id. Div. 1, 13, 23:

itane tandem?

id. Clu. 65, 182. —

Where surprise or reproach is implied: quid ita? (Gr. ti dai), why so? how is that? what do you mean? accusatis Sex. Roscium. Quid ita? Cic. Rosc. Am. 12, 34; id. N. D. 1, 35, 99; id. Off. 2, 23, 83:

quid ita passus est Eretriam capi? quid ita tot Thessaliae urbes? Quid ita, etc.,

Liv. 32, 21, 13; 27, 34, 13; Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 42.

In partic.

In comparisons, so.

To point out the resemblance, usually corresponding to ut; sometimes to quasi, quomodo, quemadmodum, quam, tamquam, veluti, qualis, etc., as, like, in the same way as:

non ita amo ut sani solent homines,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 38:

ita ut res sese habet,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 24:

ita vero, Quirites, ut precamini, eveniat,

Cic. Phil. 4, 4, 10:

omnis enim pecunia ita tractatur, ut praeda, a praefectis,

id. Fam. 2, 17, 7:

an ita tu's animata, ut qui expers matris imperiis sies?

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 2:

ut homost, ita morem geras,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 77:

ut hirundines... ita falsi amici, etc.,

Auct. Her. 4, 48, 61:

tametsi ita de meo facto loquor, quasi ego illud mea voluntate fecerim,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11, § 29:

sed prorsus ita, quasi aut reus numquam esset futurus, aut, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 4, 22, § 49; Quint. 9, 4, 87:

me consulem ita fecistis, quomodo pauci facti sunt,

Cic. Agr. 2, 1, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 92:

quemadmodum dicimus non feci furtum, ita, non est hoc furtum,

Quint. 7, 3, 1:

non ita variant undae... quam facile mutantur amantes,

Prop. 3, 5, 11:

castra in hostico incuriose ita posita, tamquam procul abesset hostis,

Liv. 8, 38, 2:

neque enim ita se gessit tamquam rationem aliquando esset redditurus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 22, § 49:

Alexander ita cupide profectus fuerat, veluti, etc.,

Just. 12, 2, 1:

sane ita se habet sacrum, quale apud Homerum quoque est,

Quint. 1, 5, 67.—

Following or followed by ut, to denote that two things are in the same condition or category.

Ut... ita, as... so, just as... so also, alike... and, as well... as: Dolabellam ut Tarsenses, ita Laodiceni multo amentiores ultro arcessierunt, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 10:

Hercules cum ut Eurysthei filios, ita suos configebat sagittis,

Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89; id. Leg. 2, 2, 5. —

Ut... ita, although... yet:

ut errare potuisti, sic decipi te non potuisse quis non videt?

Cic. Fam. 10, 20, 2:

haec omnia ut invitis, ita non adversantibus patriciis transacta,

Liv. 3, 55, 15; cf.;

pleraque Alpium sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,

id. 21, 35, 11. —

Ita ut, just as:

ita ut occoepi dicere,

Plaut. Poen. 2, 24; id. Trin. 4, 2, 52:

ita ut antea demonstravimus,

Caes. B. G. 7, 76; Cato, R. R. 144, 2.—

In oaths, emphatic wishes, solemn assertions, etc., expressed by a comparison:

ita ille faxit Juppiter,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 51: ita me di ament, non nil timeo, i.e. may they so love me as it is true that, etc., Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 1; 3, 2, 21:

ita sim felix,

Prop. 1, 7, 3:

sollicitat, ita vivam, me tua valetudo,

Cic. Fam. 16, 20, 1; Verg. A. 9, 208; so, followed by ut, with indic.:

ita mihi salvā re publicā vobiscum perfrui liceat, ut ego non moveor, etc.,

Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 11:

ita me Venus amet, ut ego te numquam sinam, etc.,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 52:

ita me amabit sancta Saturitas, itaque suo me condecoret cognomine, ut ego vidi,

id. Capt. 4, 2, 97; by ut, with subj., adding a second wish:

nam tecum esse, ita mihi omnia quae opto contingant, ut vehementer velim,

Cic. Fam. 5, 21, 1; for which the abl. absol.: ita incolumi Caesare moriar, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B, 3; for the subj. with ita, the fut. indic.:

ita te amabit Juppiter, ut tu nescis?

Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 31; id. Merc. 4, 4, 22.—

To denote a kind or quality, so, such, of this nature, of this kind:

nam ita est ingenium muliebre,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 3:

ita est amor: balista ut jacitur,

id. Trin. 3, 2, 42:

ita sunt res nostrae,

Cic. Att. 4, 1, 8:

ita sunt Persarum mores,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 25:

si ita sum, non tam est admirandum regem esse me,

Cic. Sull. 7, 22; id. Dom. 27, 71:

ita inquam = hoc dico,

id. Phil. 14, 5, 12.—

To denote an expected or natural consequence, so, thus, accordingly, under these circumstances, in this manner, therefore:

ita praetorium missum,

Liv. 21, 54, 3:

ita Jovis illud sacerdotium per hanc rationem Theomnasto datur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51 fin.; esp.: ita fit, thus it comes to pass, hence it follows:

ita fit ut animus de se ipse tum judicet, cum id ipsum, quo judicatur, aegrotet,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, 1; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; 1, 45, 160:

ita fit ut deus ille nusquam prorsus appareat,

id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; id. Leg. 1, 15, 42; so in an inference, therefore: et deus vester nihil agens; expers virtutis igitur;

ita ne beatus quidem,

id. N. D. 1, 40, 110; Suet. Caes. 60; so,

itaque (= et ita), crassum (caelum) Thebis, itaque pingues Thebani,

Cic. Fat. 4, 7; id. N. D. 3, 17, 44.—

Introducing a limitation or restriction, on the condition, on the assumption, in so far, to such an extent, only in so far, etc., commonly followed by ut:

et tamen ita probanda est mansuetudo, ut adhibeatur rei publicae causa severitas,

Cic. Off. 1, 25, 88:

pax ita convenerat, ut Etruscis Latinisque fluvius Albula finis esset,

Liv. 1, 3; 24, 29 fin.:

sed ante omnia ita vos irae indulgere oportet, ut potiorem irā salutem habeatis,

id. 23, 3; so with tamen:

longiorem dicturis periodum colligendus est spiritus, ita tamen ut id neque diu neque cum sono faciamus,

Quint. 11, 3, 53:

haec ita praetereamus, ut tamen intuentes ac respectantes relinquamus,

Cic. Sest. 5, 13. —

To denote degree, so, to such a degree, so very, so much:

quod quid ita placuerit iis, non video,

Quint. 9, 4, 10:

hoc tibi ita mando, ut dubitem an etiam te rogem, ut pugnes ne intercaletur,

Cic. Att. 5, 9, 2:

ita fugavit Samnites, ut, etc.,

Liv. 8, 36; esp. with adjj.:

judices ita fortes tamen fuerunt, ut... vel perire maluerint, quam,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 5:

ita sordidus ut se Non umquam servo melius vestiret,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 96:

ita sunt omnia debilitata,

Cic. Fam. 2, 5, 2; so with negatives: non (haud, nec, etc.) ita, not very, not especially:

non ita magna mercede,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 3:

non ita lato interjecto mari,

id. Or. 8, 25:

non ita antiqua,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 109:

accessione utuntur non ita probabili,

id. Fin. 2, 13, 42:

haec nunc enucleare non ita necesse est,

id. Tusc. 5, 8, 23:

non ita multum provectus,

id. Phil. 1, 3, 7:

post, neque ita multo,

Nep. Cim. 3, 4; id. Pel. 2, 4; id. Phoc. 2, 5.

morbus, i, m. [Sanscr. mar-, die; Gr. brotos (for mrotos), marainô; cf. morior, marceo], a sickness, disease, disorder, distemper, ailment, illness, malady, of body or mind (class.).

Corporeal:

morbum appellant totius corporis corruptionem: aegrotationem morbum cum imbecillitate: vitium cum partes corporis inter se dissident: ex quo pravitas membrorum, distortio, deformitas,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, 28: morbus est habitus cujusque corporis contra naturam, qui usum ejus facit deteriorem, Labeo ap. Gell. 4, 2, 3:

morbi aegrotationesque,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 10, 23:

aeger morbo gravi,

id. Cat. 1, 13, 31:

in morbo esse,

to be sick, id. Tusc. 3, 4, 9:

morbo affectum esse,

id. Div. 1, 30, 63:

corporis gravioribus morbis vitae jucunditas impeditur,

id. Fin. 1, 18, 59:

animi valentes morbo tentari non possunt, corpora possunt,

id. Tusc. 4, 14, 31:

affligi,

id. Pis. 35, 85:

urgeri,

id. Fat. 9, 17:

tabescere,

id. N. D. 3, 35, 84:

languere,

Lucr. 6, 1221:

conflictari,

Nep. Dion. 2, 4:

in morbum cadere,

to fall sick, Cic. Tusc. 1, 32, 79:

incidere,

id. Clu. 62, 175:

delabi,

id. Att. 7, 5, 1:

morbum nancisci,

Nep. Att. 21, 1:

morbo consumi,

id. Reg. 2, 1:

perire,

id. ib. 3, 3:

mori,

id. Them. 10, 4:

absumi,

Sall. J. 5, 6:

confici,

id. ib. 9, 4:

opprimi,

Cic. Clu. 7, 22:

homo aeger morbo gravi,

id. Cat. 1, 13, 31:

ex morbo convalescere,

to recover, id. Fam. 13, 29, 4:

a morbo valere,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 26:

morbum depellere,

Cic. Fam. 7, 26, 2:

levare,

to alleviate, relieve, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 57:

amplior fit,

becomes more violent, Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 50:

adgravescit,

id. ib. 3, 2, 2:

ingravescit,

Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 31:

comitialis or major,

epilepsy, Cels. 3, 23:

regius,

the jaundice, id. 3, 24: in morbo consumat, a form of imprecation, may he spend it (the money) in sickness, Sen. Ben. 4, 39, 2.—

Mental.

Disease, a fault, vice, etc.: animi morbi sunt cupiditates immensae, et inanes, divitiarum, etc., Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 59:

morbum et insaniam,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1:

nomen insaniae significat mentis aegrotationem et morbum,

id. Tusc. 3, 4, 9:

hic morbus qui est in re publicā, ingravescet,

id. Cat. 1, 13, 31:

ut, si qui aegrotet, quo morbo Barrus,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 30:

maxima pars hominum morbo jactatur eodem,

id. ib. 2, 3, 121:

qui vultu morbum incessuque fatetur,

Juv. 2, 17.—

Grief, sorrow, distress:

quod mulier facere incepit, nisi id efficere perpetrat, Id illi morbo, id illi senio est,

affliction, distress, Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 12; cf.:

salvere me jubes, quoi tu abiens offers morbum?

id. As. 3, 3, 3.—

Trop., of trees, plants, etc.:

infestantur namque et arbores morbis,

a disease, Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 116 al. —

Morbus, personified as a deity, the son of Erebus and Nox, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; Hyg. Fab. praef.; Sen. Herc. Fur. 694; cf. Verg. A. 6, 275; Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 323.

morbus, i, m. [Sanscr. mar-, die; Gr. brotos (for mrotos), marainô; cf. morior, marceo], a sickness, disease, disorder, distemper, ailment, illness, malady, of body or mind (class.).

Corporeal:

morbum appellant totius corporis corruptionem: aegrotationem morbum cum imbecillitate: vitium cum partes corporis inter se dissident: ex quo pravitas membrorum, distortio, deformitas,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, 28: morbus est habitus cujusque corporis contra naturam, qui usum ejus facit deteriorem, Labeo ap. Gell. 4, 2, 3:

morbi aegrotationesque,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 10, 23:

aeger morbo gravi,

id. Cat. 1, 13, 31:

in morbo esse,

to be sick, id. Tusc. 3, 4, 9:

morbo affectum esse,

id. Div. 1, 30, 63:

corporis gravioribus morbis vitae jucunditas impeditur,

id. Fin. 1, 18, 59:

animi valentes morbo tentari non possunt, corpora possunt,

id. Tusc. 4, 14, 31:

affligi,

id. Pis. 35, 85:

urgeri,

id. Fat. 9, 17:

tabescere,

id. N. D. 3, 35, 84:

languere,

Lucr. 6, 1221:

conflictari,

Nep. Dion. 2, 4:

in morbum cadere,

to fall sick, Cic. Tusc. 1, 32, 79:

incidere,

id. Clu. 62, 175:

delabi,

id. Att. 7, 5, 1:

morbum nancisci,

Nep. Att. 21, 1:

morbo consumi,

id. Reg. 2, 1:

perire,

id. ib. 3, 3:

mori,

id. Them. 10, 4:

absumi,

Sall. J. 5, 6:

confici,

id. ib. 9, 4:

opprimi,

Cic. Clu. 7, 22:

homo aeger morbo gravi,

id. Cat. 1, 13, 31:

ex morbo convalescere,

to recover, id. Fam. 13, 29, 4:

a morbo valere,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 26:

morbum depellere,

Cic. Fam. 7, 26, 2:

levare,

to alleviate, relieve, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 57:

amplior fit,

becomes more violent, Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 50:

adgravescit,

id. ib. 3, 2, 2:

ingravescit,

Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 31:

comitialis or major,

epilepsy, Cels. 3, 23:

regius,

the jaundice, id. 3, 24: in morbo consumat, a form of imprecation, may he spend it (the money) in sickness, Sen. Ben. 4, 39, 2.—

Mental.

Disease, a fault, vice, etc.: animi morbi sunt cupiditates immensae, et inanes, divitiarum, etc., Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 59:

morbum et insaniam,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1:

nomen insaniae significat mentis aegrotationem et morbum,

id. Tusc. 3, 4, 9:

hic morbus qui est in re publicā, ingravescet,

id. Cat. 1, 13, 31:

ut, si qui aegrotet, quo morbo Barrus,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 30:

maxima pars hominum morbo jactatur eodem,

id. ib. 2, 3, 121:

qui vultu morbum incessuque fatetur,

Juv. 2, 17.—

Grief, sorrow, distress:

quod mulier facere incepit, nisi id efficere perpetrat, Id illi morbo, id illi senio est,

affliction, distress, Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 12; cf.:

salvere me jubes, quoi tu abiens offers morbum?

id. As. 3, 3, 3.—

Trop., of trees, plants, etc.:

infestantur namque et arbores morbis,

a disease, Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 116 al. —

Morbus, personified as a deity, the son of Erebus and Nox, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; Hyg. Fab. praef.; Sen. Herc. Fur. 694; cf. Verg. A. 6, 275; Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 323.

nātĭo, ōnis, f. [nascor], a being born, birth; hence, transf.

Personified, Natio, the goddess of birth:

Natio quoque dea putanda est, quae, quia partus matronarum tueatur, a nascentibus Natio nominata est,

Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 47 (al. Nascio).—

A breed, stock, kind, species, race (rare but class.;

syn.: genus, stirps, familia): in hominibus emendis si natione alter est melior, emimus pluris, etc.,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 93 Müll.;

Auct. B. Alex. 7, 3: natio optimatium,

Cic. Sest. 44, 96:

officiosissima candidatorum,

id. Pis. 23, 55.—Also in a contemptuous sense, a race, tribe, set:

salvete, fures maritimi, Famelica hominum natio, quid agitis?

Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 6:

vestra natio (Epicureorum),

Cic. N. D. 2, 29, 74:

ardelionum,

Phaedr. 2, 5, 1.—Of animals:

praegnantes opere levant: venter enim labore nationem reddit deteriorem,

Varr. R. R. 2, 6, 4; cf. id. L. L. 9, § 92 Müll.; and: in pecoribus quoque bonus proventus feturae bona natio dicitur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 167 Müll.— Transf., of things, a sort, kind (post-Aug.):

nationes in apium naturā diximus,

Plin. 22, 24, 50, § 109:

cera natione Pontica,

id. 21, 14, 49, § 83; cf. id. 12, 25, 55, § 125.—

In a more restricted sense, a race of people, nation, people (used commonly in a more limited sense than gens, and sometimes as identical with it; cf.: gens, populus; usually applied by Cicero to distant and barbarous people): nam itast haec hominum natio;

in Epidamniis Voluptarii, etc.,

Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 34:

omnes nationes servitutem ferre possunt: nostra civitas non potest,

Cic. Phil. 10, 10, 20; cf.:

exteris nationibus ac gentibus ostendere, etc.,

id. Font. 11, 25:

ne nationes quidem et gentes,

id. N. D. 3, 39, 93; cf.

, in the reverse order: omnes exterae gentes ac nationes,

id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 31:

per omnes gentes nationesque,

Quint. 11, 3, 87:

eruditissima Graecorum natio,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 18:

Judaei et Syri, nationes natae servituti,

id. Prov. Cons. 5, 10:

immanes ac barbarae nationes,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9, § 27:

quod eas quoque nationes adire volebat,

Caes. B. G. 3, 7:

Suevi majorem Germaniae partem obtinent, propriis adhuc nationibus nominibusque discreti,

Tac. G. 38:

Gannascus, natione Canninefas,

id. A. 11, 18:

patre Camissare, natione Care, matre Scythissā natus,

Nep. Dat. 1, 1:

NATIONE CILIX,

Inscr. Fabr. p. 495, n. 189; so in connection with names of cities: NATIONE ARRETIO, Inscr. Don. cl. 6, n. 181.—

Ad Nationes, the name of a portico in Rome, built by Augustus, where the images of all known nations were set up:

ante aditum porticūs Ad Nationes,

Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 39; cf. Serv. Verg. A. 8, 721.—

In eccl. Lat., like gens, and the Gr. ethnos, opp. to Christians, the heathen:

per deos nationum,

Tert. de Idol. 22.

ob-testātĭo, ōnis, f. [obtestor], an adjuring, conjuring; an engaging or obliging to any thing by calling God to witness (class.): obtestatio est, cum deus testis in meliorem partem vocatur: detestatio, cum in deteriorem, Paul. ex Fest. p. 184 Müll.:

quid ergo illa tua obtestatio tibicinis?

Cic. Dom. 48, 125:

viri,

Cic. Clu. 12, 35; id. Balb. 14, 33.—

Transf., an earnest entreaty, adjuration (rare); in plur.:

matronae in preces obtestationesque versae,

supplications, Liv. 27, 50:

senatus ad infimas obtestationes procumbens,

Tac. A. 1, 12: quā obtestatione discedens, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 5; Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 4; Suet. Tib. 40.

praes, praedis, m. [prae and vas, vadis], a surety, bondsman (in money matters; whereas vas denotes a surety in general; class.; cf.: sponsor, vindex).

Lit.:

praedia dicta, item ut praedes, a praestando: quod ea pignore data publice mancupis fidem praestent,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 40 Müll.:

praes, qui a magistratu interrogatus, in publicum ut praes siet, a quo et cum respondet, dicit praes,

id. ib. 6, § 74; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 223 Müll.:

manceps dicitur qui quid a populo emit conducitve: qui idem praes dicitur, quia tam debet, praestare populo quod promisit, quam is, qui pro eo praes factus, Fest. s. v. manceps, p. 151 Müll.: praedes dicuntur satisdatores locupletes pro re, de quā apud judicem lis est, ne interea, qui tenet, diffidens causae, possessionem deteriorem faciat, tecta dissipet, excidat arbores et culta deserat,

Ascon. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 115:

praedes pecuniae publicae accipere,

id. Fam. 2, 17, 4:

praedem esse pro aliquo,

id. Att. 12, 52, 1:

praedes dare,

id. Rab. Post. 4, 8:

praedem fieri,

id. Att. 13, 3, 1:

per praedem agere,

id. ib. 9, 9, 4:

praedes tenentur,

id. Fam. 5, 20, 3: cavere populo praedibus ae praediis, an old formula, signifying to procure security to the people by bondsmen and their property, id. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 142:

quis subit in poenam capitali judicio? vas. Quid, si lis fuerit nummaria? quis dabitur? praes,

Aus. Idyll. 12:

praedesque eo nomine praetori dabuntur,

Gai. Inst. 4, 13:

jubebat praedes adversario dare litis,

id. ib. 4, 16.—

Transf., the property of sureties:

praedes vendere,

Cic. Phil. 2, 31, 78.—

Trop.:

cum sex libris, tamquam praedibus, me ipsum obstrinxerim,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 8.

praes, adv. [prae], at hand, now (ante-class.):

ibi tibi parata praes est,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 17.

răpĭo, pŭi, ptum, 3 (old perf. subj. rapsit, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; part. perf. fem. ex raptabus, Gell. ap. Charis. p. 39 P.), v. a. [root harp; Gr. harpê, a bird of prey, harpagê, harpazô; Lat. rapidus, rapax, rapina, etc.; cf. Sanscr. lup-, lumpāmi, rumpo; Gr. lupê], to seize and carry off, to snatch, tear, drag, draw, or hurry away, = violenter sive celeriter capio (freq. and class.; in Cæs. not at all, and in Cic. mostly in the trop. signif.; cf.: ago, fero, traho, capio, sumo).

Lit.

In gen., Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 15; 30; 31:

quo rapitis me? quo fertis me?

id. Men. 5, 7, 10; cf. Verg. A. 6, 845; Ov. M. 9, 121:

quo me cunque rapit tempestas?

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 15; cf. id. C. 3, 25, 1:

sumasne pudenter an rapias,

snatch, id. Ep. 1, 17, 45; cf. id. S. 1, 5, 76:

hostes vivos rapere soleo ex acie: ex hoc nomen mihi est (sc. Harpax),

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 60:

te ex lustris uxor,

id. As. 5, 2, 84:

volucri spe et cogitatione rapi a domo,

Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 7:

ab aede rapuit funale,

Ov. M. 12, 247:

torrem ab aris,

id. ib. 12, 271:

deque sinu matris ridentem... Learchum... rapit,

id. ib. 4, 516 (for which, simply sinu, id. ib. 13, 450):

hastam, de vulnere,

id. ib. 5, 137:

telum,

Verg. A. 10, 486:

repagula de posti,

Ov. M. 5, 120:

(frondes) altā rapit arbore ventus,

id. ib. 3, 730:

vi atque ingratis... rapiam te domum,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 40:

aliquem sublimem domum,

id. As. 5, 2, 18; cf.:

sublimem,

id. Mil. 5, 1; id. Men. 5, 7, 6; Ter. And. 5, 2, 20:

commeatum in naves rapiunt,

Liv. 41, 3:

aliquem in jus,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 21; so,

in jus,

id. Poen. 5, 5, 56; Hor. S. 1, 9, 77; 2, 3, 72; cf.:

in jus ad regem,

Liv. 1, 26:

in carcerem,

Suet. Tib. 11; 61:

aliquem ad cornuficem,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 156; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 37:

ad praetorem,

id. Aul. 4, 10, 30:

ad supplicium ob facinus,

Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 238:

ad mortem,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 52, § 138; id. Cat. 1, 10, 27:

ad tortorem,

id. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:

ad poenam,

Suet. Claud. 10; 37; id. Vit. 14:

ad consulem,

Liv. 10, 20:

matres, virgines, pueros ad stuprum,

id. 26, 13:

teneram virginem ad virum,

Cat. 61, 3 (cf.:

rapi simulatur virgo ex gremio matris, aut, si ea non est, ex proximā necessitudine, cum ad virum traditur, quod videlicet ea res feliciter Romulo cessit,

Fest. p. 289 Müll.):

illum (sc. lembum) in praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,

Verg. G. 1, 203:

nec variis obsita frondibus Sub divum rapiam,

drag into open day, Hor. C. 1, 18, 13. — Poet.:

Nasonis carmina rapti,

i. e. torn from his home, borne far away, Ov. P. 4, 16, 1; cf. id. H. 13, 9; Stat. S. 3, 5, 6. —

With the idea of swiftness predominating:

Turnus rapit Totam aciem in Teucros,

Verg. A. 10, 308:

rapit agmina ductor,

Luc. 1, 228:

agmina cursu,

Sil. 7, 116:

legiones,

Plin. Pan. 14:

curru rapi,

Sil. 1, 134:

quattuor hinc rapimur raedis,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 86:

Notus rapit biremes,

Sil. 17, 276:

carinas venti rapuere,

Luc. 3, 46:

rapit per aequora navem,

hurries it away, Verg. A. 10, 660; cf.:

ventis per aequora,

Ov. M. 14, 470:

missos currus,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 114:

pedes quo te rapiunt,

id. C. 3, 11, 49:

arma rapiat juventus,

snatch up, Verg. A. 7, 340; so,

arma,

Ov. M. 2, 603:

arma manu,

Verg. A. 8, 220:

bipennem dextrā,

id. ib. 11, 651:

cingula,

id. ib. 9, 364.—

With reflex. pron., to hasten, hurry, tear one ' s self, etc.:

ocius hinc te Ni rapis,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 118; cf. Ov. Am. 3, 5, 29:

se ad caedem optimi cujusque,

Cic. Phil. 13, 8, 18.—

In partic.

To carry off by force; to seize, rob, ravish; to plunder, ravage, lay waste, take by assault, carry by force, etc. (very freq.; cf.

praedor),

Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 11:

erat ei vivendum latronum ritu, ut tantum haberet, quantum rapere potuisset,

Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 62:

tamquam pilam rapiunt inter se rei publicae statum tyranm ab regibus,

id. Rep. 1, 44, 68:

virgines rapi jussit... quae raptae erant, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 7, 12; 2, 8, 14; so,

virgines,

to carry off, abduct, Sall. C. 51, 9; Liv. 1, 9; Quint. 7, 7, 3; 9, 2, 70; Hor. C. 2, 4, 8; Ov. M. 12, 225; id. A. A. 1, 680:

raptus a dis Ganymedes,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:

ab Idā,

Hor. C. 3, 20, 16:

omne sacrum rapiente dextrā,

id. ib. 3, 3, 52:

alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,

pillage and plunder, Verg. A. 2, 374 (the Homeric agousi kai pherousi; for which, in prose, ferre et agere; v. ago); cf.:

rapturus moenia Romae,

Luc. 3, 99:

Theumeson,

to seize by force, Stat. Th. 4, 370:

Armeniam,

to plunder, lay waste, Tac. A. 13, 6:

Karthaginem,

Sil. 15, 401:

urbem,

Stat. Th. 7, 599:

raptas ad litora vertere praedas,

Verg. A. 1, 528.— Absol.:

rapio propalam,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 10:

ut Spartae, rapere ubi pueri et clepere discunt,

Cic. Rep. 4, 5, 11 (Non. 20, 14):

agunt, rapiunt, tenent,

id. Rep. 3, 33, 45 Mos.; cf.

along with trahere,

Sall. C. 11, 4; id. J. 41, 5;

with congerere, auferre,

Mart. 8, 44, 9.— With the idea of rapidity predominating: castra urbesque primo impetu rapere, to conquer rapidly (= raptim capere), Liv. 6, 23, 5 Drak.; so,

castra,

Flor. 3, 20, 4; 4, 12, 34:

Bithyniam,

id. 3, 5, 6:

Hispaniam,

id. 2, 17, 6:

arces,

Luc. 6, 14.— Part. perf. subst.

rapta, ae, f., the ravished one, the seduced:

gratus raptae raptor fuit,

Ov. A. A. 1, 680; id. H. 5, 97; 13, 55; 16, 339; id. F. 4, 607.—

raptum, i, n., the plunder, that which is stolen:

rapto vivere,

to live by robbery, Liv. 7, 25 fin.; 22, 39; 28, 24: Quint. 3, 7, 24; Sen. Ep. 70 fin.; Curt. 3, 10 fin.; Just. 41, 4, 7; Verg. A. 7, 749; Ov. M. 11, 291; id. Tr. 5, 10, 16;

for which: ex rapto vivere,

id. M. 1, 144; so,

rapto gaudere,

Liv. 29, 6, 3 Drak.:

rapto potiri,

Verg. A. 4, 217:

rapto uti,

Vell. 2, 73, 3:

sine rapto vivere,

id. 2, 32 fin. —

To cut off, mutilate ( poet.):

caput,

Sil. 15, 807:

ora gladio,

id. 7, 704:

rapuit non dente ferarum,

Luc. 10, 517.—

To carry off suddenly or prematurely by death, to snatch away ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

improvisa leti Vis rapuit rapietque gentes,

Hor. C. 2, 13, 20; so id. ib. 2, 17, 5; 4, 2, 21; id. Ep. 1, 14, 7; Verg. A. 6, 428; Ov. P. 4, 11, 5; Stat. S. 2, 1, 208; 5, 3, 16; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 46; Suet. Calig. 7; Just. 2, 2, 13 (but Liv. 3, 50, 8: fato erepta, v. Drak.)— Absol.:

et labor et durae rapit inclementia mortis,

i. e. hurries on, Verg. G. 3, 68:

RAPTA EST = obiit,

Inscr. Orell. 4475.

Transf. ( poet.), of any action or motion which resembles seizing, snatching, etc.:

flammanm,

to catch quickly, Verg. A. 1, 176; Ov. M. 3, 374; cf.:

incendia,

id. ib. 15, 350: nigrum colorem, to take or assume quickly, id. ib. 7, 289; cf.:

vim monstri,

id. ib. 4, 744;

and v. III.: Halesus Turno feroces Mille rapit populos,

leads hastily on, Verg. A. 7, 725; cf. id. ib. 10, 178: rapiuntque ruuntque; Litora deseruere, take hold, seize in haste (the cables, etc.), id. ib. 4, 581; cf.:

scalas, Auct. B. Alex. 20, 4.—Of the gliding movement of a serpent nec rapit immensos orbes per humum,

sweeps along, Verg. G. 2, 153:

pars densa ferarum Tecta rapit,

i. e. range quickly through, Verg. A. 6, 8 Heyne; cf.:

acrior et campum sonipes rapit,

Stat. Th. 5, 3.

Trop.

In gen., to snatch, force, or hurry away:

fertur quasi torrens oratio, quamvis multa cujusquemodi rapiat,

Cic. Fin. 2, 1, 3:

ipsae res verba rapiunt,

carry along with them, id. ib. 3, 5, 19: aspice me quanto rapiat Fortuna periclo, carries away (the figure taken from a storm at sea), Prop. 1, 15, 3:

aliquem in deteriorem viam,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 54; cf.:

(comoediam) in pejorem partem,

i. e. to put a bad construction upon, to misconstrue, misrepresent, Ter. Ad. prol. 3: consilium meum in contrariam partem, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 2:

aliquem in invidiam,

Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 7:

opinionibus vulgi rapimur in errorem,

id. Leg. 2, 17, 43:

si quis in adversum rapiat casusve deusve,

Verg. A. 9, 211; Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:

cum aliqua his ampla et honesta res objecta est, totos ad se convertit et rapit,

seizes upon, appropriates, id. Off. 2, 10, 37; cf.:

commoda ad se,

id. ib. 3, 5, 22:

victoriae gloriam in se,

Liv. 33, 11 fin.:

almum Quae rapit hora diem,

snatches away, Hor. C. 4, 7, 8; cf.:

simul tecum solatia rapta,

Verg. E. 9, 18:

impetus rapit huc, rapit illuc,

Stat. Th. 12, 794.—

In partic.

To carry along or away with passion, to transport, ravish, captivate; and with a designation of the limit, to carry or hurry away, to attract strongly to any thing (usually in a bad sense):

impetu raptus,

Quint. 7, 2, 44:

judicem rapere,

id. 6, 2, 3; cf. id. 10, 1, 110; 12, 10, 61:

praedae ac rapinarum cupiditas caeca te rapiebat,

Cic. Pis. 24, 57:

amentiā rapi,

id. Fam. 16, 12, 2:

furorne caecus, an rapit vis acrior, An culpa?

Hor. Epod. 7, 13; cf.:

in medias res auditorem,

id. A. P. 149:

utraque forma rapit,

Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 44:

quem (sc. leonem) cruenta Per medias rapit ira caedes,

Hor. C. 3, 2, 12:

rapit omnes ira,

Sil. 14, 299: hormê, quae hominem huc et illuc rapit, Cic. Off. 1, 28 fin.; cf. Verg. A. 4, 286; 8, 21:

ad quas (res) plerique inflammati aviditate rapiuntur,

Cic. Off. 2, 11, 38:

animus cupidine caecus ad inceptum scelus rapiebat,

Sall. J. 25, 7:

ea (cupiditas) ad oppugnandam Capuam rapit,

Liv. 7, 30 et saep.—In a good sense:

qui ad divinarum rerum cognitionem curā omni studioque rapiantur,

Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111:

rapi ad opes augendas generis humani,

id. Rep. 1, 2, 3. — Poet., with inf. (for ad aliquid):

(mundus) rapit aetherios per carmina pandere census,

Manil. 1, 12.—

To seize by violence, to snatch, steal ( poet.): Hippodameam raptis nactu'st nuptiis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26 (Trag. v. 398 Vahl.):

oscula,

Hor. C. 2, 12, 28; Tib. 1, 4, 53; 55; [p. 1524] 1, 8, 58; cf.:

Venerem incertam,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 109; cf.:

sed rapiat sitiens Venerem,

but may eagerly seize upon, Verg. G. 3, 137:

illicitas voluptates,

Tac. H. 3, 41:

spem adoptionis acrius in dies,

id. ib. 1, 13 fin.:

quo facinore dominationem raptum ierit expediam,

id. A. 4, 1; cf. id. H. 2, 6.—

With the idea of rapidity or haste predominating, to snatch, seize, or lay hold of quickly, to hasten, precipitate ( poet.; in prose only since the Aug. per.): vive, Ulixes, dum licet: Oculis postremum lumen radiatum rape: non dixit cape, non pete; haberet enim moram sperantis diutius sese victurum;

sed rape,

Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 162 (from an old poet.):

rapiamus, amici, Occasionem de die,

Hor. Epod. 13, 3; so,

occasionem,

Juv. 15, 39:

viam,

to hasten, Ov. H. 19, 74 Loers; cf.

iter,

Sil. 12, 471:

gressus,

Luc. 3, 116:

cursus,

id. 5, 403:

letum,

id. 4, 345:

bellum,

to wage suddenly, id. 5, 403:

nefas,

to hasten, precipitate, id. 10, 428:

ut limis rapias, quid prima secundo Cera velit versu,

may hastily note, Hor. S. 2, 5, 53 al. —In prose:

raptae prope inter arma nuptiae,

Liv. 30, 14, 2 Drak.:

repente impetu facto transitum rapuit,

Front. Strat. 1, 4, 8:

inter rapienda momenta periculorum communium,

Amm. 18, 7, 7 et saep.—

In late Lat., to strive for in purchasing:

exemplaria litterarum certatim,

Hier. Ep. 57, 2:

librum totā certatim urbe,

Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 23.

răpĭo, pŭi, ptum, 3 (old perf. subj. rapsit, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; part. perf. fem. ex raptabus, Gell. ap. Charis. p. 39 P.), v. a. [root harp; Gr. harpê, a bird of prey, harpagê, harpazô; Lat. rapidus, rapax, rapina, etc.; cf. Sanscr. lup-, lumpāmi, rumpo; Gr. lupê], to seize and carry off, to snatch, tear, drag, draw, or hurry away, = violenter sive celeriter capio (freq. and class.; in Cæs. not at all, and in Cic. mostly in the trop. signif.; cf.: ago, fero, traho, capio, sumo).

Lit.

In gen., Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 15; 30; 31:

quo rapitis me? quo fertis me?

id. Men. 5, 7, 10; cf. Verg. A. 6, 845; Ov. M. 9, 121:

quo me cunque rapit tempestas?

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 15; cf. id. C. 3, 25, 1:

sumasne pudenter an rapias,

snatch, id. Ep. 1, 17, 45; cf. id. S. 1, 5, 76:

hostes vivos rapere soleo ex acie: ex hoc nomen mihi est (sc. Harpax),

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 60:

te ex lustris uxor,

id. As. 5, 2, 84:

volucri spe et cogitatione rapi a domo,

Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 7:

ab aede rapuit funale,

Ov. M. 12, 247:

torrem ab aris,

id. ib. 12, 271:

deque sinu matris ridentem... Learchum... rapit,

id. ib. 4, 516 (for which, simply sinu, id. ib. 13, 450):

hastam, de vulnere,

id. ib. 5, 137:

telum,

Verg. A. 10, 486:

repagula de posti,

Ov. M. 5, 120:

(frondes) altā rapit arbore ventus,

id. ib. 3, 730:

vi atque ingratis... rapiam te domum,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 40:

aliquem sublimem domum,

id. As. 5, 2, 18; cf.:

sublimem,

id. Mil. 5, 1; id. Men. 5, 7, 6; Ter. And. 5, 2, 20:

commeatum in naves rapiunt,

Liv. 41, 3:

aliquem in jus,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 21; so,

in jus,

id. Poen. 5, 5, 56; Hor. S. 1, 9, 77; 2, 3, 72; cf.:

in jus ad regem,

Liv. 1, 26:

in carcerem,

Suet. Tib. 11; 61:

aliquem ad cornuficem,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 156; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 37:

ad praetorem,

id. Aul. 4, 10, 30:

ad supplicium ob facinus,

Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 238:

ad mortem,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 52, § 138; id. Cat. 1, 10, 27:

ad tortorem,

id. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:

ad poenam,

Suet. Claud. 10; 37; id. Vit. 14:

ad consulem,

Liv. 10, 20:

matres, virgines, pueros ad stuprum,

id. 26, 13:

teneram virginem ad virum,

Cat. 61, 3 (cf.:

rapi simulatur virgo ex gremio matris, aut, si ea non est, ex proximā necessitudine, cum ad virum traditur, quod videlicet ea res feliciter Romulo cessit,

Fest. p. 289 Müll.):

illum (sc. lembum) in praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,

Verg. G. 1, 203:

nec variis obsita frondibus Sub divum rapiam,

drag into open day, Hor. C. 1, 18, 13. — Poet.:

Nasonis carmina rapti,

i. e. torn from his home, borne far away, Ov. P. 4, 16, 1; cf. id. H. 13, 9; Stat. S. 3, 5, 6. —

With the idea of swiftness predominating:

Turnus rapit Totam aciem in Teucros,

Verg. A. 10, 308:

rapit agmina ductor,

Luc. 1, 228:

agmina cursu,

Sil. 7, 116:

legiones,

Plin. Pan. 14:

curru rapi,

Sil. 1, 134:

quattuor hinc rapimur raedis,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 86:

Notus rapit biremes,

Sil. 17, 276:

carinas venti rapuere,

Luc. 3, 46:

rapit per aequora navem,

hurries it away, Verg. A. 10, 660; cf.:

ventis per aequora,

Ov. M. 14, 470:

missos currus,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 114:

pedes quo te rapiunt,

id. C. 3, 11, 49:

arma rapiat juventus,

snatch up, Verg. A. 7, 340; so,

arma,

Ov. M. 2, 603:

arma manu,

Verg. A. 8, 220:

bipennem dextrā,

id. ib. 11, 651:

cingula,

id. ib. 9, 364.—

With reflex. pron., to hasten, hurry, tear one ' s self, etc.:

ocius hinc te Ni rapis,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 118; cf. Ov. Am. 3, 5, 29:

se ad caedem optimi cujusque,

Cic. Phil. 13, 8, 18.—

In partic.

To carry off by force; to seize, rob, ravish; to plunder, ravage, lay waste, take by assault, carry by force, etc. (very freq.; cf.

praedor),

Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 11:

erat ei vivendum latronum ritu, ut tantum haberet, quantum rapere potuisset,

Cic. Phil. 2, 25, 62:

tamquam pilam rapiunt inter se rei publicae statum tyranm ab regibus,

id. Rep. 1, 44, 68:

virgines rapi jussit... quae raptae erant, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 7, 12; 2, 8, 14; so,

virgines,

to carry off, abduct, Sall. C. 51, 9; Liv. 1, 9; Quint. 7, 7, 3; 9, 2, 70; Hor. C. 2, 4, 8; Ov. M. 12, 225; id. A. A. 1, 680:

raptus a dis Ganymedes,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:

ab Idā,

Hor. C. 3, 20, 16:

omne sacrum rapiente dextrā,

id. ib. 3, 3, 52:

alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,

pillage and plunder, Verg. A. 2, 374 (the Homeric agousi kai pherousi; for which, in prose, ferre et agere; v. ago); cf.:

rapturus moenia Romae,

Luc. 3, 99:

Theumeson,

to seize by force, Stat. Th. 4, 370:

Armeniam,

to plunder, lay waste, Tac. A. 13, 6:

Karthaginem,

Sil. 15, 401:

urbem,

Stat. Th. 7, 599:

raptas ad litora vertere praedas,

Verg. A. 1, 528.— Absol.:

rapio propalam,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 10:

ut Spartae, rapere ubi pueri et clepere discunt,

Cic. Rep. 4, 5, 11 (Non. 20, 14):

agunt, rapiunt, tenent,

id. Rep. 3, 33, 45 Mos.; cf.

along with trahere,

Sall. C. 11, 4; id. J. 41, 5;

with congerere, auferre,

Mart. 8, 44, 9.— With the idea of rapidity predominating: castra urbesque primo impetu rapere, to conquer rapidly (= raptim capere), Liv. 6, 23, 5 Drak.; so,

castra,

Flor. 3, 20, 4; 4, 12, 34:

Bithyniam,

id. 3, 5, 6:

Hispaniam,

id. 2, 17, 6:

arces,

Luc. 6, 14.— Part. perf. subst.

rapta, ae, f., the ravished one, the seduced:

gratus raptae raptor fuit,

Ov. A. A. 1, 680; id. H. 5, 97; 13, 55; 16, 339; id. F. 4, 607.—

raptum, i, n., the plunder, that which is stolen:

rapto vivere,

to live by robbery, Liv. 7, 25 fin.; 22, 39; 28, 24: Quint. 3, 7, 24; Sen. Ep. 70 fin.; Curt. 3, 10 fin.; Just. 41, 4, 7; Verg. A. 7, 749; Ov. M. 11, 291; id. Tr. 5, 10, 16;

for which: ex rapto vivere,

id. M. 1, 144; so,

rapto gaudere,

Liv. 29, 6, 3 Drak.:

rapto potiri,

Verg. A. 4, 217:

rapto uti,

Vell. 2, 73, 3:

sine rapto vivere,

id. 2, 32 fin. —

To cut off, mutilate ( poet.):

caput,

Sil. 15, 807:

ora gladio,

id. 7, 704:

rapuit non dente ferarum,

Luc. 10, 517.—

To carry off suddenly or prematurely by death, to snatch away ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

improvisa leti Vis rapuit rapietque gentes,

Hor. C. 2, 13, 20; so id. ib. 2, 17, 5; 4, 2, 21; id. Ep. 1, 14, 7; Verg. A. 6, 428; Ov. P. 4, 11, 5; Stat. S. 2, 1, 208; 5, 3, 16; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 46; Suet. Calig. 7; Just. 2, 2, 13 (but Liv. 3, 50, 8: fato erepta, v. Drak.)— Absol.:

et labor et durae rapit inclementia mortis,

i. e. hurries on, Verg. G. 3, 68:

RAPTA EST = obiit,

Inscr. Orell. 4475.

Transf. ( poet.), of any action or motion which resembles seizing, snatching, etc.:

flammanm,

to catch quickly, Verg. A. 1, 176; Ov. M. 3, 374; cf.:

incendia,

id. ib. 15, 350: nigrum colorem, to take or assume quickly, id. ib. 7, 289; cf.:

vim monstri,

id. ib. 4, 744;

and v. III.: Halesus Turno feroces Mille rapit populos,

leads hastily on, Verg. A. 7, 725; cf. id. ib. 10, 178: rapiuntque ruuntque; Litora deseruere, take hold, seize in haste (the cables, etc.), id. ib. 4, 581; cf.:

scalas, Auct. B. Alex. 20, 4.—Of the gliding movement of a serpent nec rapit immensos orbes per humum,

sweeps along, Verg. G. 2, 153:

pars densa ferarum Tecta rapit,

i. e. range quickly through, Verg. A. 6, 8 Heyne; cf.:

acrior et campum sonipes rapit,

Stat. Th. 5, 3.

Trop.

In gen., to snatch, force, or hurry away:

fertur quasi torrens oratio, quamvis multa cujusquemodi rapiat,

Cic. Fin. 2, 1, 3:

ipsae res verba rapiunt,

carry along with them, id. ib. 3, 5, 19: aspice me quanto rapiat Fortuna periclo, carries away (the figure taken from a storm at sea), Prop. 1, 15, 3:

aliquem in deteriorem viam,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 54; cf.:

(comoediam) in pejorem partem,

i. e. to put a bad construction upon, to misconstrue, misrepresent, Ter. Ad. prol. 3: consilium meum in contrariam partem, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 2:

aliquem in invidiam,

Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 7:

opinionibus vulgi rapimur in errorem,

id. Leg. 2, 17, 43:

si quis in adversum rapiat casusve deusve,

Verg. A. 9, 211; Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:

cum aliqua his ampla et honesta res objecta est, totos ad se convertit et rapit,

seizes upon, appropriates, id. Off. 2, 10, 37; cf.:

commoda ad se,

id. ib. 3, 5, 22:

victoriae gloriam in se,

Liv. 33, 11 fin.:

almum Quae rapit hora diem,

snatches away, Hor. C. 4, 7, 8; cf.:

simul tecum solatia rapta,

Verg. E. 9, 18:

impetus rapit huc, rapit illuc,

Stat. Th. 12, 794.—

In partic.

To carry along or away with passion, to transport, ravish, captivate; and with a designation of the limit, to carry or hurry away, to attract strongly to any thing (usually in a bad sense):

impetu raptus,

Quint. 7, 2, 44:

judicem rapere,

id. 6, 2, 3; cf. id. 10, 1, 110; 12, 10, 61:

praedae ac rapinarum cupiditas caeca te rapiebat,

Cic. Pis. 24, 57:

amentiā rapi,

id. Fam. 16, 12, 2:

furorne caecus, an rapit vis acrior, An culpa?

Hor. Epod. 7, 13; cf.:

in medias res auditorem,

id. A. P. 149:

utraque forma rapit,

Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 44:

quem (sc. leonem) cruenta Per medias rapit ira caedes,

Hor. C. 3, 2, 12:

rapit omnes ira,

Sil. 14, 299: hormê, quae hominem huc et illuc rapit, Cic. Off. 1, 28 fin.; cf. Verg. A. 4, 286; 8, 21:

ad quas (res) plerique inflammati aviditate rapiuntur,

Cic. Off. 2, 11, 38:

animus cupidine caecus ad inceptum scelus rapiebat,

Sall. J. 25, 7:

ea (cupiditas) ad oppugnandam Capuam rapit,

Liv. 7, 30 et saep.—In a good sense:

qui ad divinarum rerum cognitionem curā omni studioque rapiantur,

Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111:

rapi ad opes augendas generis humani,

id. Rep. 1, 2, 3. — Poet., with inf. (for ad aliquid):

(mundus) rapit aetherios per carmina pandere census,

Manil. 1, 12.—

To seize by violence, to snatch, steal ( poet.): Hippodameam raptis nactu'st nuptiis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26 (Trag. v. 398 Vahl.):

oscula,

Hor. C. 2, 12, 28; Tib. 1, 4, 53; 55; [p. 1524] 1, 8, 58; cf.:

Venerem incertam,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 109; cf.:

sed rapiat sitiens Venerem,

but may eagerly seize upon, Verg. G. 3, 137:

illicitas voluptates,

Tac. H. 3, 41:

spem adoptionis acrius in dies,

id. ib. 1, 13 fin.:

quo facinore dominationem raptum ierit expediam,

id. A. 4, 1; cf. id. H. 2, 6.—

With the idea of rapidity or haste predominating, to snatch, seize, or lay hold of quickly, to hasten, precipitate ( poet.; in prose only since the Aug. per.): vive, Ulixes, dum licet: Oculis postremum lumen radiatum rape: non dixit cape, non pete; haberet enim moram sperantis diutius sese victurum;

sed rape,

Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 162 (from an old poet.):

rapiamus, amici, Occasionem de die,

Hor. Epod. 13, 3; so,

occasionem,

Juv. 15, 39:

viam,

to hasten, Ov. H. 19, 74 Loers; cf.

iter,

Sil. 12, 471:

gressus,

Luc. 3, 116:

cursus,

id. 5, 403:

letum,

id. 4, 345:

bellum,

to wage suddenly, id. 5, 403:

nefas,

to hasten, precipitate, id. 10, 428:

ut limis rapias, quid prima secundo Cera velit versu,

may hastily note, Hor. S. 2, 5, 53 al. —In prose:

raptae prope inter arma nuptiae,

Liv. 30, 14, 2 Drak.:

repente impetu facto transitum rapuit,

Front. Strat. 1, 4, 8:

inter rapienda momenta periculorum communium,

Amm. 18, 7, 7 et saep.—

In late Lat., to strive for in purchasing:

exemplaria litterarum certatim,

Hier. Ep. 57, 2:

librum totā certatim urbe,

Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 23.

spĕcĭes, ēi ( gen. sing. specie or specii, Matius ap. Gell. 9, 14, 15; gen. and dat. plur. were not in use in Cicero's time, but formarum, formis were used instead; cf. Cic. Top. 7, 30.—At a later period were introduced:

specierum,

Pall. Oct. 14, 15; Cod. Just. 1, 2, 10; Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 5, § 151; cf. Charis. p. 18 P.; and Diom. p. 281 P.:

speciebus,

App. ad Asclep. p. 92, 25; Cod. Just. 11, 9, 1 al.; Dig. 28, 2, 29, § 10), f. [specio].

Act., a seeing, sight, look, view (rare; cf.

aspectus): speciem quo vortimus,

Lucr. 4, 242; so id. 4, 236 (for which, a little before, visus); 5, 707; 5, 724; Vitr. 3, 2 fin.; 5, 9:

si tantis intervallis nostra species potest id animadvertere,

id. 9, 4:

qui sensus nostros specie primā acerrime commovent,

Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 98:

qui doloris speciem ferre non possunt,

id. Tusc. 2, 23, 54.—

Pass., prop. that which is seen in a thing, i. e. the outward appearance, outside, exterior; shape, form, figure, mien, etc. (freq. and class.; syn. forma).

Lit.:

praeter speciem stultus,

Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 49:

quod speciem ac formam similem gerit ejus imago,

Lucr. 4, 52; cf.:

quae species formaque pugnae, qui motus hominum non ita expictus est, ut, etc.,

outlines, contours, Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114:

esse aliquem humanā specie et figurā,

id. Rosc. Am. 22, 63:

hominis esse specie deos confitendum est,

id. N. D. 1, 18, 48:

edepol specie lepida mulier!

Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 2; cf.:

bellan' videtur specie mulier?

id. Bacch. 4, 7, 40; id. Most. 1, 3, 23; id. Mil. 4, 2, 10; 4, 6, 20:

urbis speciem vidi,

id. Pers. 4, 4, 2; so,

species praeclara oppidi,

Cic. Rep. 3, 32, 44; id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129:

sphaerae (Archimedeae), etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 21:

navium,

Caes. B. G. 4, 25; cf.:

nova atque inusitata,

id. ib. 2, 31:

horribilis,

id. ib. 7, 36:

agro bene culto nihil potest esse specie ornatius,

Cic. Sen. 16, 57:

horum hominum species est honestissima,

id. Cat. 2, 8, 18:

ad speciem magnifico ornatu,

as to outward appearance, id. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58:

populi,

id. Rep. 3, 33, 45:

nec ulla deformior species est civitatis, quam illa, in quā opulentissimi optimi putantur,

id. Rep. 1, 34, 51: speciem honesti habere, the look or semblance of what is right, id. Off. 3, 2, 7:

turba majorem quam pro numero speciem ferens,

Curt. 3, 2, 3; cf.:

fallaces sunt rerum species, quibus credimus,

Sen. Ben. 4, 34, 1.—

Something seen, a spectacle, sight, appearance:

ponite itaque ante oculos miseram quidem illam ac flebilem speciem,

Cic. Phil. 11, 3:

non tulit hanc speciem furiatā mente Coroebus,

Verg. A. 2, 407 (cf. I. supra).—

Trop., that which is seen by the mind, an idea, notion: hanc illi idean appellabant:

nos recte speciem possumus dicere,

Cic. Ac. 1, 8, 30; cf. id. Top. 7, 30:

insidebat in ejus mente species eloquentiae,

id. Or. 5, 18:

excellentis eloquentiae speciem et formam adumbrabimus,

id. ib. 14, 43:

species, forma et notio viri boni,

id. Off. 3, 20, 81; cf.:

prima sit haec forma et species et origo tyranni,

id. Rep. 2, 29, 51:

qui species alias veri scelerisque capiet,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 208:

utinam non inanes species anxio animo figuraret,

Curt. 7, 1, 36.—

In partic.

A look, show, seeming, appearance, semblance, pretence, cloak, color, pretext, etc. (opp. that which is real, actual, etc.).

In gen.:

obiciuntur saepe formae, quae reapse nullae sunt, speciem autem offerunt,

Cic. Div. 1, 37, 81:

ista securitas specie quidem blanda sed reapse, etc.,

id. Lael. 13, 47:

cujus rei species erat acceptio frumenti,

Sall. J. 29, 4:

fraudi imponere aliquam speciem juris,

Liv. 9, 11:

specie liberā... re verā, etc.,

id. 35, 31; cf.:

litteras inanis vanā specie libertatis adumbratas esse,

id. 33, 31, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.:

plurimi ibi a fallaci equitum specie agasonibusque excepti sunt,

id. 7, 15, 7:

si dux primam speciem adpropinquantis terroris sustinuisset,

id. 44, 6, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.:

quae (nomina) primā specie admirationem, re explicatā risum movent,

Cic. Fin. 4, 22, 61:

quaedam humanitatis habent primam speciem ut misericordia,

id. Tusc. 4, 14, 32:

similitudinem quandam speciemque sapientium gerere,

id. Off. 3, 4, 16:

si speciem utilitatis voluptas habere dicetur,

id. ib. 3, 33, 120.— Hence,

Esp. with gen. of that which is assumed or pretended, under pretext of, under pretence of, etc.

With abl.:

fortis viros specie quādam virtutis adsimulatae tenebat,

Cic. Cael. 6, 14.—

With sub:

sub specie tutelae liberūm ejus invasisse regnum,

Curt. 9, 2, 7; 10, 6, 21; Liv. 44, 24, 4.—

With per:

per speciem celebrandarum cantu epularum,

Liv. 9, 30, 8:

per speciem auxilii Byzantiis ferendi, re ipsā, etc.,

id. 39, 35, 4; 40, 13, 8; 42, 52, 8.—

With in:

si quis in speciem refectionis (viae) deteriorem viam facit,

Dig. 43, 11, 1, § 2.—Adverb.: in speciem, for a show, as a pretence:

haud dubio in speciem consensu fit ad Poenos deditio,

Liv. 24, 1, 8:

dilatā in speciem actione, re ipsā sublatā,

id. 3, 9, 13; so,

ad speciem tabernaculis relictis,

Caes. B. C. 2, 35 fin.; id. B. G. 1, 51; Quint. Cic. Pet. Cons. 5, 18 al.—

Also with gen.: in speciem, after the manner, in the fashion, like (cf. tamquam; poet.):

inque chori ludunt speciem,

Ov. M. 3, 685:

in montis speciem curvari,

id. ib. 15, 509; cf.:

scorpiones vermiculos ovorum specie pariunt,

Plin. 11, 25, 30, § 86.—

Pregn., like the Engl. show, for ornament, display, splendor, beauty (cf.:

dignitas, venustas): ut in usum boni sint et in speciem populo,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 42:

fuit pompa, fuit species, fuit incessus saltem Seplasiā dignus et Capuā,

Cic. Pis. 11, 24:

adhibere quandam in dicendo speciem atque pompam,

id. de Or. 2, 72, 294:

speciem candoremque caeli,

id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68; cf. id. N. D. 2, 37; 2, 39:

specie et motu capere homines,

id. Brut. 62, 224:

triumpho praebere speciem,

Liv. 34, 52, 10:

addere speciem,

id. 37, 40; 9, 40:

si fortunatum species et gratia praestat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 203:

ducit te species,

id. S. 2, 2, 35:

speciem Saturnia vaccae probat,

Ov. M. 1, 612:

juvenis,

Juv. 10, 310:

corporis,

Curt. 7, 9, 19; Vitr. 3, 2.—

Transf.

Concr. (for simulacrum, i. q. eidôgon).

An appearance in sleep, a vision, apparition (mostly poet.), Lucr. 1, 125:

repetit quietis Ipsa suae speciem,

Ov. M. 9, 473:

voce suā specieque viri turbata soporem Excutit,

id. ib. 11, 677:

in quiete utrique consuli eadem dicitur visa species viri, etc.,

Liv. 8, 6:

per nocturnas species,

id. 26, 19; cf.:

mirabundi velut ad somni vanam speciem,

id. 33, 32, 7; Sil. 13, 394; Curt. 3, 6, 7.—

A likeness, image, statue: tum species ex aere vetus concidit... Et divum simulacra peremit fulminis ardor... Sancta Jovis species... Haec tardata diu species tandem celsā in sede locata, Cic. poët. Div. 1, [p. 1737] 12, 21.—

Reputation, honor:

o speciem dignitatemque populi Romani, quam reges pertimescant,

Cic. Dom. 33, 89.—

The particular thing among many to which the looks are turned; hence, a particular sort, kind, or quality, a species:

species pars est generis,

App. Asclep. p. 78, 26:

harum singula genera minimum in binas species dividi possunt, etc.,

Varr. R. R. 3, 3, 3; cf.:

genus est id, quod sui similes communione quādam, specie autem differentes, duas aut plures complectitur partes,

Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 189:

primum illud genus quaerimus, ex quo ceterae species suspensae sunt... Homo species est, ut Aristoteles ait, canis species: commune his vinculum animal,

Sen. Ep. 58, 7; Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; id. L. L. 10, § 18; Cic. Inv. 1, 27, 40; id. Or. 10, 33; id. Top. 18, 68; Quint. 3, 6, 26; 3, 10, 2; 5, 10, 90 al.: codicillis multas species vestis, argenti specialiter reliquit, many kinds or sorts, Dig. 34, 2, 19; cf. ib. 41, 1, 7.—

In later jurid. lang., a special case:

proponitur apud eum species talis: Sutor puero discenti cervicem percussit, etc.,

Dig. 9, 2, 5 fin.; 31, 1, 85.—

In late Lat., goods, wares (that are classed together; cf. assortment);

publicae,

Cod. Just. 1, 2, 10:

annonariae,

ib. 11, 73, 3:

vendenda sit species,

i. e. wine, Pall. Oct. 14, 3.—Esp., spices, drugs, etc., Macr. S. 7, 8 med.; Dig. 39, 4, 16, § 7; Pall. Oct. 14 fin.