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chemical+nature

  • 1 chemical nature

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > chemical nature

  • 2 chemical nature

    химическая природа; химические свойства

    English-Russian mining dictionary > chemical nature

  • 3 chemical nature of silk

    English-Russian dictionary on textile and sewing industry > chemical nature of silk

  • 4 phytosterols and health implications: chemical nature and occurrence

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > phytosterols and health implications: chemical nature and occurrence

  • 5 nature

    природа; характер; род, сорт, класс
    •

    - physical nature
    - plastic nature

    English-Russian mining dictionary > nature

  • 6 chemical composition

    1. химический состав вещества [материала] (объекта аналитического контроля)
    2. химический состав

     

    химический состав
    —
    [ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

    EN

    chemical composition
    The nature and proportions of the elements comprising a chemical compound. (Source: CED)
    [http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

    Тематики

    EN

    DE

    FR

     

    химический состав вещества [материала] (объекта аналитического контроля)
    Совокупность компонентов, из которых состоит вещество [материал] объекта аналитического контроля.
    Примечание
    Под компонентом понимают химический элемент, химическое соединение, радикал, изотоп, функциональную группу, группу, класс веществ, обладающих разными свойствами и т.д.
    [ ГОСТ Р 52361-2005]

    Тематики

    Обобщающие термины

    EN

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > chemical composition

  • 7 chemical mandatory

    English-Russian dictionary on nuclear energy > chemical mandatory

  • 8 Chevreul, Michel Eugène

    SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology
    [br]
    b. 31 August 1786 Angers, France
    d. 9 April 1889 Paris, France
    [br]
    French chemist who made significant research contributions to scientific knowledge in the field of colour contrast and standardization and demonstrated the chemical nature of fats.
    [br]
    Between 1811 and 1823, Chevreul's work on the fundamental basis of fats led to a great improvement in both the quality of wax candles and in the fats used in the manufacture of soap, and this had considerable advantageous implications for domestic life. The publication of his researches provided the first specific account of the nature of the fats used in the manufacture of soap. His work also led to the development and manufacture of the stearine candle. Stearine was first described by Chevreul in 1814 and was produced by heating glycerine with stearic acid. As early as 1825 M.Gay Lussac obtained a patent in England for making candles from a similar substance. The stearine candle was much more satisfactory than earlier products; it was firmer and gave a brighter light without any accompanying odour. Chevreul became Director of Dyeing in 1824 at the Royal Manufactory of Gobelins, the French national tapestry firm. While there, he carried out research into 1,442 different shades of colour. From 1830 he occupied the Chair of Chemistry at the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    G.Bouchard, 1932, Chevreul (biography).
    Albert da Costa, 1962, Michel Eugène Chevreul: Pioneer of Organic Chemistry', Wisconsin: Dept of History, University of Wisconsin.
    DY

    Biographical history of technology > Chevreul, Michel Eugène

  • 9 emission forecast

    1. прогноз выбросов

     

    прогноз выбросов
    —
    [ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

    EN

    emission forecast
    The final step in a clean air plan is to predict future air quality to demonstrate that we can (if we can) meet the health standards by implementing the measures proposed in the plan. This is done by first projecting the emission inventory into the future, taking into account changes in population, housing, employment in specific business sectors, and vehicle miles traveled. These data are obtained from various sources and the resulting emissions are adjusted to account for regulations and control measures scheduled for implementation during the same time period. Additional adjustments are made to reflect large facilities that are expected to start up, modify, or shut down. The resulting inventory is an emission forecast, and is usually expressed in tons per day of particular pollutants for a given year. Additional steps may be required to determine how the forecasted quantities of air pollution will affect the overall air quality. One way to accomplish this is through computer modeling. A computer model simulates how pollutants disperse, react, and move in the air. The inputs to such a computer model are complex. They include weather patterns, terrain, and the chemical nature of air pollutants. (Source: APCD)
    [http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

    Тематики

    EN

    DE

    FR

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > emission forecast

  • 10 chemistry

    ['kemistri] 1. noun
    ((the science that deals with) the nature of substances and the ways in which they act on, or combine with, each other: Chemistry was his favourite subject; the chemistry of the blood.) kemi
    2. noun
    (a substance used in or obtained by a chemical process: Some chemicals give off harmful fumes.) kemi
    * * *
    ['kemistri] 1. noun
    ((the science that deals with) the nature of substances and the ways in which they act on, or combine with, each other: Chemistry was his favourite subject; the chemistry of the blood.) kemi
    2. noun
    (a substance used in or obtained by a chemical process: Some chemicals give off harmful fumes.) kemi

    English-Danish dictionary > chemistry

  • 11 chemistry

    noun, no pl.
    1) no indef. art. Chemie, die
    2) (fig.) unerklärliche Wirkungskraft
    * * *
    ['kemistri] 1. noun
    ((the science that deals with) the nature of substances and the ways in which they act on, or combine with, each other: Chemistry was his favourite subject; the chemistry of the blood.) die Chemie
    - academic.ru/12290/chemical">chemical
    2. noun
    (a substance used in or obtained by a chemical process: Some chemicals give off harmful fumes.) die Chemikalie
    * * *
    chem·is·try
    [ˈkemɪstri]
    1. (study) Chemie f
    \chemistry lab[oratory] chemisches Labor, Chemielabor nt; SCH Chemiesaal m
    manufacturing \chemistry technische Chemie, Großchemie f
    physical \chemistry physikalische Chemie
    technical \chemistry technische Chemie
    2. CHEM (make-up) chemische Zusammensetzung
    3. ( fam: attraction) [geistige und körperliche] Anziehungskraft
    the \chemistry is right between them die Chemie stimmt zwischen den beiden
    * * *
    ['kemIstrɪ]
    n
    1) Chemie f; (= chemical make-up) chemische Zusammensetzung

    the chemistry between us was perfect — wir haben uns sofort vertragen, es hat sofort zwischen uns gefunkt (inf)

    the chemistry of physical attraction/of love — das Kräftespiel der körperlichen Anziehung/in der Liebe

    * * *
    chemistry [-trı] s
    1. Chemie f:
    chemistry set Chemiebaukasten m
    2. a) chemische Eigenschaften pl oder Zusammensetzung
    b) chemische Abläufe pl (im Körper)
    3. fig Wesen n, Natur f
    4. fig Harmonie f, Verträglichkeit f:
    the chemistry is right between them zwischen ihnen stimmt die Chemie;
    the chemistry between them is all wrong sie können einfach nicht miteinander
    chem. abk
    * * *
    noun, no pl.
    1) no indef. art. Chemie, die
    2) (fig.) unerklärliche Wirkungskraft
    * * *
    n.
    Chemie f.

    English-german dictionary > chemistry

  • 12 Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent

    SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology
    [br]
    b. 26 August 1743 Paris, France
    d. 8 May 1794 Paris, France
    [br]
    French founder of the modern science of chemistry.
    [br]
    As well as receiving a formal education in law and literature, Lavoisier studied science under some of the leading figures of the day. This proved to be an ideal formation of the man in whom "man of science" and "public servant" were so intimately combined. His early work towards the first geological map of France and on the water supply of Paris helped to win him election to the Royal Academy of Sciences in 1768 at the youthful age of 25. In the same year he used some of his private income to buy a part-share in the "tax farm", a private company which leased from the Government the right to collect certain indirect taxes.
    In 1772 Lavoisier began his researches into the related phenomena of combustion, respiration and the calcination or oxidation of metals. This culminated in the early 1780s in the overthrow of the prevailing theory, based on an imponderable combustion principle called "phlogiston", and the substitution of the modern explanation of these processes. At the same time, understanding of the nature of acids, bases and salts was placed on a sounder footing. More important, Lavoisier defined a chemical element in its modern sense and showed how it should be applied by drawing up the first modern list of the chemical elements. With the revolution in chemistry initiated by Lavoisier, chemists could begin to understand correctly the fundamental processes of their science. This understanding was the foundationo of the astonishing advance in scientific and industrial chemistry that has taken place since then. As an academician, Lavoisier was paid by the Government to carry out investigations into a wide variety of practical questions with a chemical bias, such as the manufacture of starch and the distillation of phosphorus. In 1775 Louis XVI ordered the setting up of the Gunpowder Commission to improve the supply and quality of gunpowder, deficiencies in which had hampered France's war efforts. Lavoisier was a member of the Commission and, as usual, took the leading part, drawing up its report and supervising its implementation. As a result, the industry became profitable, output increased so that France could even export powder, and the range of the powder increased by two-thirds. This was a material factor in France's war effort in the Revolution and the Napoleonic wars.
    As if his chemical researches and official duties were not enough, Lavoisier began to apply his scientific principles to agriculture when he purchased an estate at Frechines, near Blois. After ten years' work on his experimental farm there, Lavoisier was able to describe his results in the memoir "Results of some agricultural experiments and reflections on their relation to political economy" (Paris, 1788), which holds historic importance in agriculture and economics. In spite of his services to the nation and to humanity, his association with the tax farm was to have tragic consequences: during the reign of terror in 1794 the Revolutionaries consigned to the guillotine all the tax farmers, including Lavoisier.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1862–93, Oeuvres de Lavoisier, Vols I–IV, ed. J.B.A.Dumas; Vols V–VI, ed. E.Grimaux, Paris (Lavoisier's collected works).
    Further Reading
    D.I.Duveen and H.S.Klickstein, 1954, A Bibliography of the Works of Antoine Laurent Lavoisier 1743–1794, London: William Dawson (contains valuable biographical material).
    D.McKie, 1952, Antoine Lavoisier, Scientist, Economist, Social Reformer, London: Constable (the best modern, general biography).
    H.Guerlac, 1975, Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, Chemist and Revolutionary, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons (a more recent work).
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent

  • 13 Brunschwig, Hieronymus

    SUBJECT AREA: Medical technology
    [br]
    b. c.1440 Strasbourg, Alsace
    d. 1512/13 Strasbourg, Alsace
    [br]
    German surgeon and chemist.
    [br]
    Brunschwig was a widely read and highly respected surgeon of the city of Strasbourg. He was a writer of two works, one on surgery and the other, of greater importance, on chemical distillation. In this he was the inheritor of a tradition of the practice of distillation going back to the first centuries AD. The most familiar chemical tradition in the Middle Ages was that of alchemy, devoted to the attempt to make gold. The appearance of a number of printed books of a severely practical nature after 1500, however, testifies to the existence of a practical tradition that had flourished alongside alchemy. Brunsch-wig's first essay in this field was printed in 1500 and dealt with the preparation of "simples", or remedies with a single active constituent. In 1507 he brought out a work on the distilling of "composites", remedies with two or more active constituents. In these works Brunschwig sought to present a comprehensive account of the various kinds of apparatus available and the methods of preparing medicines, together with an account of the diseases it was hoped to cure with them. It was one of the earliest printed books on a chemical subject and the earliest to include illustrations of chemical apparatus. The works were widely used and did much to turn chemistry away from its preoccupation with gold-making, towards the making of substances useful in medicine.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    The best account of Brunschwig's life and work is the introduction to Book of Distillation by Hieronymus Bruunschwig, 1971, introd. Harold J.Abrahams, New York, Johnson Reprint (the best account of Brunschwig's life and work).
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Brunschwig, Hieronymus

  • 14 Davy, Sir Humphry

    [br]
    b. 17 December 1778 Penzance, Cornwall, England
    d. 29 May 1829 Geneva, Switzerland
    [br]
    English chemist, discoverer of the alkali and alkaline earth metals and the halogens, inventor of the miner's safety lamp.
    [br]
    Educated at the Latin School at Penzance and from 1792 at Truro Grammar School, Davy was apprenticed to a surgeon in Penzance. In 1797 he began to teach himself chemistry by reading, among other works, Lavoisier's elementary treatise on chemistry. In 1798 Dr Thomas Beddoes of Bristol engaged him as assistant in setting up his Pneumatic Institution to pioneer the medical application of the newly discovered gases, especially oxygen.
    In 1799 he discovered the anaesthetic properties of nitrous oxide, discovered not long before by the chemist Joseph Priestley. He also noted its intoxicating qualities, on account of which it was dubbed "laughing-gas". Two years later Count Rumford, founder of the Royal Institution in 1800, appointed Davy Assistant Lecturer, and the following year Professor. His lecturing ability soon began to attract large audiences, making science both popular and fashionable.
    Davy was stimulated by Volta's invention of the voltaic pile, or electric battery, to construct one for himself in 1800. That enabled him to embark on the researches into electrochemistry by which is chiefly known. In 1807 he tried decomposing caustic soda and caustic potash, hitherto regarded as elements, by electrolysis and obtained the metals sodium and potassium. He went on to discover the metals barium, strontium, calcium and magnesium by the same means. Next, he turned his attention to chlorine, which was then regarded as an oxide in accordance with Lavoisier's theory that oxygen was the essential component of acids; Davy failed to decompose it, however, even with the aid of electricity and concluded that it was an element, thus disproving Lavoisier's view of the nature of acids. In 1812 Davy published his Elements of Chemical Philosophy, in which he presented his chemical ideas without, however, committing himself to the atomic theory, recently advanced by John Dalton.
    In 1813 Davy engaged Faraday as Assistant, perhaps his greatest service to science. In April 1815 Davy was asked to assist in the development of a miner's lamp which could be safely used in a firedamp (methane) laden atmosphere. The "Davy lamp", which emerged in January 1816, had its flame completely surrounded by a fine wire mesh; George Stephenson's lamp, based on a similar principle, had been introduced into the Northumberland pits several months earlier, and a bitter controversy as to priority of invention ensued, but it was Davy who was awarded the prize for inventing a successful safety lamp.
    In 1824 Davy was the first to suggest the possibility of conferring cathodic protection to the copper bottoms of naval vessels by the use of sacrificial electrodes. Zinc and iron were found to be equally effective in inhibiting corrosion, although the scheme was later abandoned when it was found that ships protected in this way were rapidly fouled by weeds and barnacles.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Knighted 1812. FRS 1803; President, Royal Society 1820. Royal Society Copley Medal 1805.
    Bibliography
    1812, Elements of Chemical Philosophy.
    1839–40, The Collected Works of Sir Humphry Davy, 9 vols, ed. John Davy, London.
    Further Reading
    J.Davy, 1836, Memoirs of the Life of Sir Humphry Davy, London (a classic biography). J.A.Paris, 1831, The Life of Sir Humphry Davy, London (a classic biography). H.Hartley, 1967, Humphry Davy, London (a more recent biography).
    J.Z.Fullmer, 1969, Cambridge, Mass, (a bibliography of Davy's works).
    ASD

    Biographical history of technology > Davy, Sir Humphry

  • 15 Cross, Charles Frederick

    [br]
    b. 11 December 1855 Brentwood, Middlesex, England
    d. 15 April 1935 Hove, England
    [br]
    English chemist who contributed to the development of viscose rayon from cellulose.
    [br]
    Cross was educated at the universities of London, Zurich and Manchester. It was at Owens College, Manchester, that Cross first met E.J. Bevan and where these two first worked together on the nature of cellulose. After gaining some industrial experience, Cross joined Bevan to set up a partnership in London as analytical and consulting chemists, specializing in the chemistry and technology of cellulose and lignin. They were at the Jodrell laboratory, Kew Gardens, for a time and then set up their own laboratory at Station Avenue, Kew Gardens. In 1888, the first edition of their joint publication A Textbook of Paper-making, appeared. It went into several editions and became the standard reference and textbook on the subject. The long introductory chapter is a discourse on cellulose.
    In 1892, Cross, Bevan and Clayton Beadle took out their historic patent on the solution and regeneration of cellulose. The modern artificial-fibre industry stems from this patent. They made their discovery at New Court, Carey Street, London: wood-pulp (or another cheap form of cellulose) was dissolved in a mixture of carbon disulphide and aqueous alkali to produce sodium xanthate. After maturing, it was squirted through fine holes into dilute acid, which set the liquid to give spinnable fibres of "viscose". However, it was many years before the process became a commercial operation, partly because the use of a natural raw material such as wood involved variations in chemical content and each batch might react differently. At first it was thought that viscose might be suitable for incandescent lamp filaments, and C.H.Stearn, a collaborator with Cross, continued to investigate this possibility, but the sheen on the fibres suggested that viscose might be made into artificial silk. The original Viscose Spinning Syndicate was formed in 1894 and a place was rented at Erith in Kent. However, it was not until some skeins of artificial silk (a term to which Cross himself objected) were displayed in Paris that textile manufacturers began to take an interest in it. It was then that Courtaulds decided to investigate this new fibre, although it was not until 1904 that they bought the English patents and developed the first artificial silk that was later called "rayon". Cross was also concerned with the development of viscose films and of cellulose acetate, which became a rival to rayon in the form of "Celanese". He retained his interest in the paper industry and in publishing, in 1895 again collaborating with Bevan and publishing a book on Cellulose and other technical articles. He was a cultured man and a good musician. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1917.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    FRS 1917.
    Bibliography
    1888, with E.J.Bevan, A Text-book of Papermaking. 1892, British patent no. 8,700 (cellulose).
    Further Reading
    Obituary Notices of the Royal Society, 1935, London. Obituary, 1935, Journal of the Chemical Society 1,337. Chambers Concise Dictionary of Scientists, 1989, Cambridge.
    Edwin J.Beer, 1962–3, "The birth of viscose rayon", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 35 (an account of the problems of developing viscose rayon; Beer worked under Cross in the Kew laboratories).
    C.Singer (ed.), 1978, A History of Technology, Vol. VI, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Cross, Charles Frederick

  • 16 balance

    {'bæləns}
    I. 1. везни, теглилка, кантар
    2. махало, баланс, балансир
    3. равновесие
    BALANCE of forces равновесие на силите
    BALANCE of power съотношение на силите, политическо равновесие
    BALANCE of nature равновесие в природата
    off one's BALANCE загубил равновесие (и прен.)
    out of BALANCE с нарушено равновесие
    4. фин. баланс, равносметка, салдо
    BALANCE of trade, trade BALANCE търговски баланс
    BALANCE of payment платежен баланс
    5. разг. остатък, ресто, сметка
    BALANCE in hand остатък
    BALANCE due дефицит, недостиг, липса
    6. противовес
    7. превес, преобладаване
    8. колебания/превратности на съдбата
    9. уравновесеност, нормалност
    10. хармония, хармоничност
    11. BALANCE Везни (съзвездие и зодиакален знак), to be/hang/swing/tremble in (the) BALANCE вися на косъм, в несигурно/критично положение съм
    to hold the BALANCE имам решаващия глас
    to tip/turn the BALANCE решавам изхода на, накланям везните
    on BALANCE като се вземе предвид всичко
    II. 1. уравновесявам, запазвам равновесие, в равновесие съм
    2. изравнявам, уравнявам, уеднаквявам, държа в равновесие
    3. претеглям, преценявам
    съпоставям (with, against)
    4. фин. правя баланс, уравнявам
    5. уреждам (сметка) чрез заплащане на дефицит
    6. колебая се, клатя се
    * * *
    {'balъns} n 1.везни,теглилка, кантар;2. махало, баланс, балан(2) v 1. уравновесявам; запазвам равновесие, в равновесие
    * * *
    хармоничност; хармония; уравновесявам; уравнявам; теглилка; ресто; салдо; остатък; претеглям; преценявам; балансьор; баланс; баланс; балансирам; везни; равносметка; равновесие; противовес; кантар; изравнявам; люлея се; махало;
    * * *
    1. 1 balance Везни (съзвездие и зодиакален знак), to be/hang/swing/tremble in (the) balance вися на косъм, в несигурно/критично положение съм 2. balance due дефицит, недостиг, липса 3. balance in hand остатък 4. balance of forces равновесие на силите 5. balance of nature равновесие в природата 6. balance of payment платежен баланс 7. balance of power съотношение на силите, политическо равновесие 8. balance of trade, trade balance търговски баланс 9. i. везни, теглилка, кантар 10. ii. уравновесявам, запазвам равновесие, в равновесие съм 11. off one's balance загубил равновесие (и прен.) 12. on balance като се вземе предвид всичко 13. out of balance с нарушено равновесие 14. to hold the balance имам решаващия глас 15. to tip/turn the balance решавам изхода на, накланям везните 16. изравнявам, уравнявам, уеднаквявам, държа в равновесие 17. колебания/превратности на съдбата 18. колебая се, клатя се 19. махало, баланс, балансир 20. превес, преобладаване 21. претеглям, преценявам 22. противовес 23. равновесие 24. разг. остатък, ресто, сметка 25. съпоставям (with, against) 26. уравновесеност, нормалност 27. уреждам (сметка) чрез заплащане на дефицит 28. фин. баланс, равносметка, салдо 29. фин. правя баланс, уравнявам 30. хармония, хармоничност
    * * *
    balance[´bæləns] I. v 1. балансирам, уравновесявам, запазвам равновесие, в равновесие съм; 2. изравнявам, уравнявам, уеднаквявам; 3. претеглям, преценявам, правя преценка на, сравнявам, съпоставям ( with, against); 4. търг. правя баланс, балансирам, уравнявам; the accounts do not \balance сметките не излизат; 5. уреждам (сметка) чрез заплащане на дефицит; 6. колебая се, люлея се, движа се насам-натам, трептя, люшкам се, разг. кандилкам се; 7. танцувам в посока, обратна на посоката на своя партньор; II. n 1. равновесие, баланс, равенство; хармония; \balance of power съотношение на силите, (политическо) равновесие; to hold the \balance of power имам решаващ глас в парламента, държа властта (за малка парламентарна група, която може да подкрепи една от двете сили и така да наклони везните); ( thrown) off o.'s \balance загубил равновесие (и прен.); шокиран; изненадан; объркан, смутен; out of \balance с нарушено равновесие; to keep o.'s \balance запазвам спокойствие (душевно равновесие); to lose o.'s \balance излизам извън себе си, загубвам душевното си равновесие; 2. везни, теглилка, кантар; assay-\balance аналитични везни; chemical \balance аптекарски везни; decimal \balance децимал; precision \balance точни везни; spring ( quick, Roman) \balance пружинни везни; 3. махало, баланс, балансир; 4. търг. баланс, билан, сметка; отчет; равносметка, салдо; \balance of trade, trade \balance търговски баланс; \balance of payment платежен баланс; \balance of payments equilibrium равновесие на платежния баланс; to strike a \balance правя баланс, равносметка; намирам компромис (среден вариант), вземам компромисно решение; 5. остатък, излишък, в повече, ресто; сметка; \balance in hand остатък; касова наличност; нещо в резерв; \balance due дефицит, недостиг, липса, загуба; по-малко; bank \balance банкова сметка; 6. противовес, противоположност, противопоставка, противно на; 7. преобладаващо тегло, количество; the \balance of advantage lies with him той има значителни предимства; 8. капризите, непостоянството, изменчивостта, превратностите на съдбата; 9. уравновесеност, душевно равновесие, нормалност; 10. хармония, съзвучие; съразмерност, симетрия; съгласие; хармоничност; 11. астр. (В.) Везни ( съзвездие); • \balance of nature природен баланс; to be ( hang, swing, tremble) in the \balance вися на косъм, в критично положение съм; колебая се, двоумя се, книж. намирам се на кръстопът, съмнявам се; to tip ( turn) the \balance решавам изхода на работата, имам решаващо значение, натежавам на везните; to weigh in the \balance претеглям, преценявам, съдя по качествата; on \balance, upon a fair \balance като се вземе всичко предвид.

    English-Bulgarian dictionary > balance

  • 17 natural

    1. adjective
    1) natürlich; Natur[zustand, -begabung, -talent, -seide, -schwamm, -faser, -erscheinung]

    the natural world — die Natur[welt]

    it is natural for dogs to fight — es ist natürlich, dass Hunde kämpfen

    die of or from natural causes — eines natürlichen Todes sterben

    have a natural tendency to... — naturgemäß dazu neigen,... zu...

    2) (unaffected) natürlich [Art, Lächeln, Stil]
    3) leiblich [Eltern, Kind usw.]; natürlich (Rechtsspr. veralt.) [Kind]
    2. noun
    (person) Naturtalent, das
    * * *
    ['næ ərəl] 1. adjective
    1) (of or produced by nature, not made by men: Coal, oil etc are natural resources; Wild animals are happier in their natural state than in a zoo.) natürlich
    2) (born in a person: natural beauty; He had a natural ability for music.) angeboren
    4) (normal; as one would expect: It's quite natural for a boy of his age to be interested in girls.) natürlich
    5) (of a musical note, not sharp or flat: G natural is lower in pitch than G sharp.) ohne Vorzeichen
    2. noun
    1) (a person who is naturally good at something.) das Naturtalent
    2) (in music (a sign () indicating) a note which is not to be played sharp or flat.) das Auflösungszeichen
    •
    - academic.ru/49165/naturalist">naturalist
    - naturally
    - natural gas
    - natural history
    - natural resources
    * * *
    natu·ral
    [ˈnætʃərəl, AM -ɚəl]
    I. adj
    1. (not artificial) flavour, ingredients, mineral water natürlich; colour, curls, dye, fertilizer Natur-; SCI natürlich
    \natural abundance NUCL natürliche Isotopenhäufigkeit
    \natural oscillation Eigenschwingung f
    \natural sciences pl Naturwissenschaften pl
    to be a \natural blonde naturblondes Haar haben
    \natural fibre [or AM fiber] Naturfaser f
    \natural material Naturprodukt m
    \natural pearls echte Perlen
    \natural phenomenon Naturphänomen nt
    2. (as in nature) harbour, reservoir, camouflage natürlich; fabric, wood naturbelassen; MATH nicht logarithmisch
    \natural state Naturzustand m
    it's not \natural for a woman to be so thin es ist gegen die weibliche Natur, so dünn zu sein
    3. (caused by nature) natürlich
    \natural causes natürliche Ursachen
    to die from \natural causes eines natürlichen Todes sterben
    \natural disaster Naturkatastrophe f
    4. (inborn) angeboren
    he has a \natural talent for sports er hat eine natürliche Begabung für Sport
    to be a \natural leader ein geborener Führer/eine geborene Führerin sein
    5. BIOL, SOCIOL
    \natural father/mother/parents leiblicher Vater/leibliche Mutter/Eltern
    6. (normal) natürlich, normal
    I'm sure there's a \natural explanation for it ich bin sicher, es gibt dafür eine ganz normale Erklärung
    it's quite \natural... es ist ganz natürlich,...
    \natural inclination Neigung f
    \natural wastage ECON natürliche Fluktuation
    7. after n MUS ohne Vorzeichen nach n
    8. MATH number natürlich
    II. n
    1. ( approv fam) Naturtalent nt
    to be a \natural for sth ein Naturtalent für etw akk sein
    she is a \natural for the role of Ophelia sie ist die Idealbesetzung für die Rolle der Ophelia
    he is a \natural for that type of work Arbeit dieser Art liegt ihm
    as a teacher, he's a \natural er ist der ideale Lehrer
    2. MUS Auflösungszeichen nt
    * * *
    ['ntSrəl]
    1. adj
    1) natürlich, Natur-; rights naturgegeben; (= understandable) mistake verständlich

    it is ( only) natural for you/him to think... — es ist nur natürlich, dass Sie denken/er denkt...

    in its natural state — im Naturzustand

    2) (= chemical-free) food, hair colour natürlich

    she is a natural blonde — sie ist von Natur aus blond, blond ist ihre natürliche Haarfarbe

    3) (= inborn) gift, ability, quality angeboren

    he is a natural artist/comedian —

    4) (= unaffected) manner natürlich, ungekünstelt; person, charm natürlich
    5) (MATH) number natürlich
    6) parents leiblich; (old) child natürlich
    2. n
    1) (MUS) (= symbol) Auflösungszeichen nt; (= note) Note f ohne Vorzeichen; (= note with a natural symbol) Note f mit Auflösungszeichen

    B natural — H, h

    D natural — D, d

    See:
    → also major, minor
    2) (inf: person) Naturtalent nt
    3) (inf: life) Leben nt

    I've never heard the like in all my natural — ich habe so was mein Lebtag noch nicht gehört (inf)

    4) (old: idiot) Einfaltspinsel m
    * * *
    natural [ˈnætʃrəl]
    A adj (adv → naturally)
    1. natürlich, Natur…:
    a natural blonde eine echte Blondine;
    die a natural death eines natürlichen Todes sterben;
    natural disaster Naturkatastrophe f;
    there is a natural explanation for it es gibt eine natürliche Erklärung dafür;
    natural ice Natureis n;
    natural law Naturgesetz n;
    natural wonder Naturwunder n; → person 1, representative A 1
    2. naturgemäß, der menschlichen Natur entsprechend
    3. naturbedingt, den Naturgesetzen entsprechend oder folgend
    4. angeboren, eigen ( beide:
    to dat):
    natural talent natürliche Begabung
    5. geboren (Führungsperson etc)
    6. real, wirklich, physisch
    7. selbstverständlich, natürlich:
    it comes quite natural to him es fällt ihm leicht
    8. natürlich, ungezwungen, ungekünstelt (Benehmen etc)
    9. üblich, normal, natürlich:
    it is natural for him to get drunk es ist ganz normal, dass er sich betrinkt; → wastage 1
    10. naturgetreu, natürlich wirkend (Nachahmung, Bild etc)
    11. unbearbeitet, Natur…, Roh…:
    natural food naturbelassene Lebensmittel pl
    12. naturhaft, urwüchsig:
    natural landscape Naturlandschaft f
    13. a) unehelich
    b) leiblich (Eltern etc)
    14. BOT in der Natur oder wild wachsend
    15. MATH natürlich (Logarithmus, Zahl)
    16. MUS
    a) ohne Vorzeichen
    b) mit einem Auflösungszeichen (versehen) (Note)
    c) Vokal…:
    B s
    1. obs Idiot(in), Schwachsinnige(r) m/f(m)
    2. umg
    a) Naturtalent n (Person):
    be a natural for (wie) geboren oder geschaffen sein für
    b) (sicherer) Erfolg (auch Person), (eine) klare Sache‘ ( for sb für jemanden)
    3. MUS
    a) Auflösungszeichen n
    b) aufgelöste Note
    c) Stammton m
    d) weiße Taste (einer Klaviatur)
    nat. abk
    * * *
    1. adjective
    1) natürlich; Natur[zustand, -begabung, -talent, -seide, -schwamm, -faser, -erscheinung]

    the natural world — die Natur[welt]

    it is natural for dogs to fight — es ist natürlich, dass Hunde kämpfen

    die of or from natural causes — eines natürlichen Todes sterben

    have a natural tendency to... — naturgemäß dazu neigen,... zu...

    2) (unaffected) natürlich [Art, Lächeln, Stil]
    3) leiblich [Eltern, Kind usw.]; natürlich (Rechtsspr. veralt.) [Kind]
    2. noun
    (person) Naturtalent, das
    * * *
    adj.
    naturgemäß adj.
    natürlich adj. n.
    natürliche Zahl (Mathematik) f.

    English-german dictionary > natural

  • 18 chemistry

    'kemistri
    1. noun
    ((the science that deals with) the nature of substances and the ways in which they act on, or combine with, each other: Chemistry was his favourite subject; the chemistry of the blood.) química

    2. noun
    (a substance used in or obtained by a chemical process: Some chemicals give off harmful fumes.) producto químico
    chemistry n química
    tr['kemɪstrɪ]
    1 química
    chemistry ['kɛmɪstri] n, pl - tries : química f
    n.
    • química (Química) s.f.
    'keməstri, 'kemɪstri
    mass noun
    a) ( science) química f
    b) ( interaction) sintonía f, vibraciones fpl

    good/bad chemistry — buena/mala sintonía

    ['kemɪstrɪ]
    1.

    the chemistry between them is right — (fig) están muy compenetrados

    2.
    CPD

    chemistry laboratory N — laboratorio m de química

    chemistry set N — juego m de química

    * * *
    ['keməstri, 'kemɪstri]
    mass noun
    a) ( science) química f
    b) ( interaction) sintonía f, vibraciones fpl

    good/bad chemistry — buena/mala sintonía

    English-spanish dictionary > chemistry

  • 19 chemistry

    'kemistri 1. noun
    ((the science that deals with) the nature of substances and the ways in which they act on, or combine with, each other: Chemistry was his favourite subject; the chemistry of the blood.) kjemi
    2. noun
    (a substance used in or obtained by a chemical process: Some chemicals give off harmful fumes.) kjemikalium
    kjemi
    subst. \/ˈkeməstrɪ\/
    kjemi

    English-Norwegian dictionary > chemistry

  • 20 chemistry

    ['kemistri] 1. noun
    ((the science that deals with) the nature of substances and the ways in which they act on, or combine with, each other: Chemistry was his favourite subject; the chemistry of the blood.) efnafræði
    2. noun
    (a substance used in or obtained by a chemical process: Some chemicals give off harmful fumes.) (efnafræðilegt) efni

    English-Icelandic dictionary > chemistry

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