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1 basis
(a) (foundation) base f;∎ basis of calculations base de calcul;∎ basis for depreciation base amortissable;∎ on the basis of these figures sur la base de ces chiffres∎ employed on a part-time basis employé(e) à mi-temps;∎ paid on a weekly basis payé(e) à la semaine -
2 basis-set-free calculations
Универсальный англо-русский словарь > basis-set-free calculations
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3 AIBD basis
метод расчета доходности облигаций Ассоциации международных дилеров по облигациям (годовая база, в отличие от полугодовой в США); см. Association of International Bond Dealers;в настоящее время методика таких расчетов содержится в брошюре "ISMA Formulae for Yield and Other Calculations". -
4 coupled-cluster calculations of the electronic excitation spectrum in a polarized basis
Универсальный англо-русский словарь > coupled-cluster calculations of the electronic excitation spectrum in a polarized basis
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5 finite basis set and finite difference Hartree-Fock calculations
Универсальный англо-русский словарь > finite basis set and finite difference Hartree-Fock calculations
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6 calculation
noun1) (result) Rechnung, diehe is out in his calculations — er hat sich verrechnet
2) (calculating) Berechnung, die3) (forecast) Schätzung, die* * *noun die Berechnung* * *cal·cu·la·tion[ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃən]nwe are £20,000 out in our \calculations wir haben uns um 20.000 Pfund verrechnet\calculation basis Kalkulationsgrundlage f\calculation method Berechnungsverfahren nt\calculation principle Rechnungsgrundlage fto make [or do] \calculations Berechnungen [o Kalkulationen] anstellenby our \calculations nach unseren Schätzungenit took some \calculation es bedurfte einiger Rechnereithere's an element of \calculation in his behaviour sein Verhalten hat etwas Berechnendes* * *["klkjU'leISən]nBerechnung f, Kalkulation f; (= critical estimation) Schätzung fyou're out in your calculations — du hast dich verrechnet
* * *1. Berechnung f, Ausrechnung f:be out in one’s calculation sich verrechnet haben2. WIRTSCH Kalkulation f:calculation of profits Gewinnkalkulation, Rentabilitätsrechnung f3. Überlegung f:after much calculation nach reiflicher Überlegung4. a) Berechnung f:with cold calculation kalt berechnendb) Schläue f, Gerissenheit f umg* * *noun1) (result) Rechnung, die2) (calculating) Berechnung, die3) (forecast) Schätzung, die* * *n.Berechnung f.Kalkulation f. -
7 ♦ calculation
♦ calculation /kælkjʊˈleɪʃn/n.1 [cu] calcolo, calcoli: to make a calculation of st., fare il calcolo di qc.; calcolare qc.; to do calculations, fare i calcoli; on the basis of our calculation, secondo i nostri calcoli; This is confirmed by calculation, questo è confermato dai calcoli; precise calculations, calcoli esatti (o precisi)2 [cu] calcolo, calcoli; previsione, previsioni; valutazione; stima: on a rough calculation, secondo una stima approssimativa; political calculations, valutazioni politiche; to get one's calculations wrong, sbagliare i propri calcoli -
8 расчёт I
м.
1. (вычисление) calculation, computation;
~ времени timing;
~ прочности calculation of the strength;
приблизительный ~ estimation, estimate;
точный ~ accurate calculations pl. ;
(о цене) exact estimate;
производить ~ы make* calculations, compute;
2. (уплата денег) payment, account, ком. settlement в окончательный ~ in settlement;
произвести ~ settle up;
хозяйственный ~ cost accounting;
безналичный ~ clearing settlement;
взаимные ~ы mutual settlements;
международные ~ы international settlements, international clearing;
3. (увольнение): взять ~ resign;
дать ~ кому-л. pay* off smb. ;
получить ~ be* discharged;
4. (наказание, расплата): с ним у меня будет ~ короткий he`ll get short shrift from me;
5. (намерение, предположение) expectation;
~ оказался правильным it worked out as expected;
это не входило в мои ~ы I had not allowed for that;
в его ~ не входило... he did not reckon with...;
обмануться в своих ~ах miscalculate;
6. разг. (польза, выгода) advantage;
мне нет никакого ~а ждать I have nothing to gain by waiting;
7. воен. (люди) crew, detachment;
squad, (manning) detail амер. ;
из ~ counting, reckoning;
из ~ по десяти рублей на человека at the rate of ten roubles per head;
из ~ среднего заработка on a basis of the average earnings;
быть в ~е с кем-л. have* settled accounts with smb. ;
be* quits with smb. ;
теперь мы с вами в ~е now we`re quits;
принимать что-л. в ~ take* smth. into consideration/account;
~ный: ~ная денежная единица money of account;
~ная прибыль profit of payments;
~ные документы( платежные требования, платежные поручения, расчетные чеки) payment services.Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > расчёт I
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9 расчет
I муж.
1) calculation, computation;
estimation, estimate (приблизительный) ;
reckoning по моему расчету ≈ by my calculations из расчета ≈ on the basis of
2) тех. calculation
3) (с кем-л.) (уплата) settlement( of accounts) ;
settling( with) ;
payment быть в расчете с кем-л. ≈ to be quits/even with smb.;
to be all even with за наличный расчет ≈ for cash( payment)
4) (увольнение) dismissal, discharge;
sack разг.;
брит. давать расчет брать расчет
5) ({(значение, важность) account принимать в расчет ≈ to take into account/consideration;
to take account (of)
6) (намерение) intention
7) (предусмотрительность) providence;
assumption, expectation с таким расчетом, что ≈ on the assumption that;
with the idea that в расчете на что-л., с расчетом на что-л. ≈ on/with the expectation of, in anticipation of, counting on/upon
8) разг. (выгода) use;
benefit, advantage;
gain нет расчета делать это ≈ there is no point in doing this брак по расчету ≈ marriage for money, marriage of convenience;
marriage for money
9) перен. retribution с ним будет короткий расчет ≈ retribution will be swift II муж;
воен. gunners мн.;
team, crew, detachment орудийный расчет ≈ guncrewcalculation -
10 net present value
Finthe value of an investment calculated as the sum of its initial cost and the present value of expected future cash flows.Abbr. NPVEXAMPLEA positive NPV indicates that the project should be profitable, assuming that the estimated cash flows are reasonably accurate. A negative NPV indicates that the project will probably be unprofitable and therefore should be adjusted, if not abandoned altogether.NPV enables a management to consider the time-value of money it will invest. This concept holds that the value of money increases with time because it can always earn interest in a savings account. When the time-value-of-money concept is incorporated in calculation of NPV, the value of a project’s future net cash receipts in “today’s money” can be determined. This enables proper comparisons between different projects.For example, if Global Manufacturing Inc. is considering the acquisition of a new machine, its management will consider all the factors: initial purchase and installation costs; additional revenues generated by sales of the new machine’s products, plus the taxes on these new revenues. Having accounted for these factors in its calculations, the cash flows that Global Manufacturing projects will generate from the new machine are:At first glance, it appears that cash-flows total 45% more than the $100,000 initial cost, a sound investment indeed. But time-value of NPV calculation money shrinks return on the project considerably, since future dollars are worth less than present dollars in hand. NPV accounts for these differences with the help of presentvalue tables, which list the ratios that express the present value of expected cash-flow dollars, based on the applicable interest rate and the number of years in question.In the example, Global Manufacturing’s cost of capital is 9%. Using this figure to find the corresponding ratios on the present value table, the $100,000 investment cost, expected annual revenues during the five years in question, the NPV calculation is shown below.NPV is still positive. So, on this basis at least, the investment should proceed. -
11 Shannon, Claude Elwood
[br]b. 30 April 1916 Gaylord, Michigan, USA[br]American mathematician, creator of information theory.[br]As a child, Shannon tinkered with radio kits and enjoyed solving puzzles, particularly crypto-graphic ones. He graduated from the University of Michigan in 1936 with a Bachelor of Science in mathematics and electrical engineering, and earned his Master's degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1937. His thesis on applying Boolean algebra to switching circuits has since been acclaimed as possibly the most significant this century. Shannon earned his PhD in mathematics from MIT in 1940 with a dissertation on the mathematics of genetic transmission.Shannon spent a year at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, then in 1941 joined Bell Telephone Laboratories, where he began studying the relative efficiency of alternative transmission systems. Work on digital encryption systems during the Second World War led him to think that just as ciphers hide information from the enemy, "encoding" information could also protect it from noise. About 1948, he decided that the amount of information was best expressed quantitatively in a two-value number system, using only the digits 0 and 1. John Tukey, a Princeton colleague, named these units "binary digits" (or, for short, "bits"). Almost all digital computers and communications systems use such on-off, or two-state logic as their basis of operation.Also in the 1940s, building on the work of H. Nyquist and R.V.L. Hartley, Shannon proved that there was an upper limit to the amount of information that could be transmitted through a communications channel in a unit of time, which could be approached but never reached because real transmissions are subject to interference (noise). This was the beginning of information theory, which has been used by others in attempts to quantify many sciences and technologies, as well as subjects in the humanities, but with mixed results. Before 1970, when integrated circuits were developed, Shannon's theory was not the preferred circuit-and-transmission design tool it has since become.Shannon was also a pioneer in the field of artificial intelligence, claiming that computing machines could be used to manipulate symbols as well as do calculations. His 1953 paper on computers and automata proposed that digital computers were capable of tasks then thought exclusively the province of living organisms. In 1956 he left Bell Laboratories to join the MIT faculty as Professor of Communications Science.On the lighter side, Shannon has built many devices that play games, and in particular has made a scientific study of juggling.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNational Medal of Science. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Medal of Honor, Kyoto Prize.BibliographyHis seminal paper (on what has subsequently become known as information theory) was entitled "The mathematical theory of communications", first published in Bell System Technical Journal in 1948; it is also available in a monograph (written with Warren Weaver) published by the University of Illinois Press in 1949, and in Key Papers in the Development of Information Theory, ed. David Slepian, IEEE Press, 1974, 1988. For readers who want all of Shannon's works, see N.J.A.Sloane and A.D.Wyner, 1992, TheCollected Papers of Claude E.Shannon.HO
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