Перевод: со словенского на английский

с английского на словенский

at+the+present

  • 1 bỳti

    bỳti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a \{1\} Proto-Slavic meaning: `be'
    Page in Trubačev: III 155
    Old Church Slavic:
    byti `be' [verb], bǫdǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    byt' `be' [verb], búdu [1sg]
    Czech:
    býti `be' [verb], budu [1sg]
    Slovak:
    byt' `be' [verb], budem [1sg]
    Polish:
    być `be' [verb], będę [1sg]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bȉti `be' [verb];
    Čak. bȉti (Vrgada) `be' [verb];
    Čak. bȉti (Orbanići) `be' [verb]
    Slovene:
    bíti `be' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bʔutei
    Lithuanian:
    bū́ti `be' [verb]
    Latvian:
    bût `be' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰHu-
    Page in Pokorny: 146
    Other cognates:
    Skt. bhávati `be, become';
    Gk. φύομαι `grow, become' [verb];
    OLat. fūī [verb] `be' [1sgpf];
    OIr. buith `being' [f]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The AP refers to the (perfective) present *bǫdǫ. The present forms that derive from PIE * h₁es- are discussed separately.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bỳti

  • 2 děti

    I. děti I Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `do, say'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 229-230
    Old Church Slavic:
    dějati `do, say' [verb], dějǫ [1sg];
    děti sę `get to, disappear' [verb], deždǫ sę [1sg] \{1\};
    -děti `do, say' [verb], -dějǫ [1sg], -deždǫ [1sg], -děnǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    det' `put, place' [verb], dénu [1sg];
    déjat' (dial.) `do, make' [verb], déju [1sg]
    Czech:
    díti (obs.) `speak' [verb]
    Old Czech:
    dieti `do' [verb], děju [1sg], dějěš [2sg];
    dieti `speak, say' [verb], diem [1sg], dieš [2sg] \{1\}
    Polish:
    dziać `weave, knit (arch.), do' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    djȅti `do, say' [verb], djȅdēm [1sg], djȅnēm [1sg];
    djȅsti (Vuk) `do, say' [verb], djȅdēm [1sg], djȅnēm [1sg]
    Slovene:
    dẹjáti `do, say' [verb], dẹ̑jem [1sg];
    dẹjáti `place, put, do, say' [verb], dẹ̑m [1sg];
    dẹjáti `place, put' [verb], dẹ́nem [1sg], dę́nem [1sg];
    dẹ́ti `place, put, do, say' [verb], dẹ̑m [1sg]
    Lithuanian:
    dė́ti `lay, put' [verb], dẽda [3ps];
    dė́ti (OLith.) `lay, put' [verb], desti [3ps]
    Latvian:
    dêt `lay (eggs)' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: dʰeh₁-
    Page in Pokorny: 235
    Other cognates:
    Skt. dádhāti `put, place, make' [verb];
    Gk. τίθημι `to put down, to ground, to create' [verb];
    Lat. fē-cī `to make' [1sgpfa];
    OHG tuon `to do' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The SJS gives děti sę, 1sg. deždǫ sę, 2sg. deždeši sę (Hilf., Venc.). The latter text does not belong to the Old Church Slavic canon. The quoted passages do not show that the present stem dežd- occurs in Hilf. \{2\} In his Old Czech dictionary, Gebauer has děti, děju `do' and děti, děju `speak, say'. In his Czech historical grammar (III.2: 228), however, he says that deju `I speak' is not attested and claims that the attested 1sg. diem is an innovation.
    II. děti II Grammatical information: Nompf. Proto-Slavic meaning: `children'
    Page in Trubačev: V 14
    Old Church Slavic:
    děti `children' [Nompf]
    Russian:
    déti `children' [Nom p]
    Czech:
    děti `children' [Nom p]
    Slovak:
    deti `children' [Nom p]
    Polish:
    dzieci `children' [Nom p]
    Slovincian:
    ʒìe̯cä `children' [Nom p]
    Bulgarian:
    déti (dial.) `children' [Nom p]
    Page in Pokorny: 241
    Comments: A derivative of the root * dʰeh₁-, cf. Latv. dę̂ls `son', dêt `suck'. The singular *dětь is hardly attested. The common singular of the word for `child' is -> *dětę, wehere the suffix *-t- was enlarged with the suffix *-ę < *- ent-, which is frequent in designations of young living creatures.
    Other cognates:
    Lat. fētus `birth, foetus, offspring'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > děti

  • 3 dojìti

    dojìti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `give milk, milk'
    Page in Trubačev: V 53-54
    Old Church Slavic:
    doiti `breast-feed, nurse' [verb], dojǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    doít' `milk' [verb], dojú [1sg], doít [3sg];
    doít' (dial.) `give milk (cow), suckle (calf)' [verb]
    Czech:
    dojiti `milk' [verb]
    Slovak:
    dojit' `milk, give milk' [verb]
    Polish:
    doić `milk, (arch., dial. ) give milk' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dòjiti `breast-feed, suckle, give milk' [verb], dòjīm [1sg];
    Čak. dojȉti (Vrgada) `breast-feed, suckle, give milk' [verb], dojĩš [2sg];
    Čak. dojȉt (Orbanići) `suckle, breast-feed' [verb], dojĩ [3sg]
    Slovene:
    dojíti `breast-feed, give milk, milk' [verb], dojím [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    dojá `breast-feed, give milk, milk' [verb]
    Page in Pokorny: 241
    Comments: The straightfoward analysis * dʰoiH₁-eie meets with several difficulties. In the first place, one would rather expect * dʰoH₁i-eie in view of forms such as Latv. dêt `suck', where we are dealing with an unextended root. This reconstruction would yield * dajati, however. Skt. dáyati `suckle', has been analyzed as * dʰh₁-eie (see LIV: 142), where the same analysis is applied to OSw. dīa), but this reconstruction cannot account the Slavic form. Klingenschmitt (1982: 148) has suggested for both Slavic *dojìti and Go. daddjan that the formation is built on the present stem, i.e. *dʰ(h₁)éie gave rise to *dʰoi̯éi̯e.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. dháyati `suck' [verb];
    Go. daddjan `breast-feed' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dojìti

  • 4 klěščiti

    klěščiti Grammatical information: v.
    Page in Trubačev: X 22-23
    Czech:
    kleštiti `castrate' [verb];
    klestiti `prune, clear, castrate' [verb]
    Old Czech:
    klestiti `castrate' [verb], klešču [1sg]
    Slovak:
    klieštit' `castrate' [verb]
    Polish:
    kleścić (dial.) `castrate' [verb], kleszczę [1sg], kleścisz [2sg];
    kleszczyc (1902) `castrate' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    klijèštiti `squeeze' [verb]
    Comments: Apparently a derivative of -> *klěšča. The ESSJa suggests that forms reflecting * klestiti are analogical after * pustiti, 1sg. *puščǫ. This may very well be correct, but it should be noted that the West Slavic forms with *- šč-, which could be analogical after the present stem or the noun *klěšča, are comparatively recent.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > klěščiti

  • 5 bàviti

    bàviti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `be, linger'
    Page in Trubačev: I 168-170
    Russian:
    bávit' (dial.) `linger' [verb]
    Ukrainian:
    baviti (OUkr.) `remain, linger, delay' [verb]
    Czech:
    baviti `amuse, take time' [verb]
    Polish:
    bawić `amuse, be, abide' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bȁvit (dial.) `be late, linger' [verb];
    bȁviti se (dial.) `be late, linger' [verb]
    Slovene:
    báviti se `occupy oneself with, linger' [verb], bȃvim se [1sg] \{1\}
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: boʔu-iʔ-tei; bʔu-inʔ-tei
    Lithuanian:
    bùvintis `sojourn' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰoHu-eie-
    Page in Pokorny: 146
    Other cognates:
    Skt. bhāvayati `cause to be, cherish, refresh' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Pleteršnik (I: s.v.) does not indicate the change of tone in the present (o.c. II: I).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bàviti

  • 6 ězda

    ězda Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `ride'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 184-185
    Church Slavic:
    jazda `ride' [f ā]
    Russian:
    ezdá `ride, drive' [f ā]
    Czech:
    jízda `ride, cavalry' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    jazda `ride, cavalry' [f ā]
    Polish:
    jazda `ride, cavalry' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jezda `what one rides in/on, ride' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    jẹ́zda `riding' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    jazdá `riding, ride' [f ā];
    jezdá `riding, ride' [f ā]
    Comments: Formation not entirely clear. The sequence *- zd- may have originated from *- dd- if we assume that a suffix -da was added to the present stem *ěd- of *ěxati.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ězda

  • 7 čùti

    čùti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `sense, feel, notice'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 134-136
    Old Church Slavic:
    čuti `sense, notice' [verb], čujǫ [1sg]
    Church Slavic:
    čuti (RuCS) `feel, hear, know' [verb]
    Russian:
    čújat' `scent, sense, feel' [verb], čúju [1sg], čúet [3sg];
    čut' (dial.) `hear' [verb]
    Old Russian:
    čuti `feel, hear, know' [verb]
    Czech:
    číti `sense, feel' [verb];
    čouti (coll., dial.) `sense, feel' [verb]
    Old Czech:
    čúti `sense, feel' [verb];
    čieti `sense, feel' [verb]
    Slovak:
    čut' `hear' [verb]
    Polish:
    czuć `feel' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    čȕti `hear' [verb], čȕjēm [1sg];
    Čak. čȕti (Vrgada) `hear, feel, sense' [verb], čȕješ [2sg];
    Čak. čȕt (Orbanići) `hear, taste, smell' [verb], čȗjen [1sg]
    Slovene:
    čúti `hear, be awake' [verb], čújem [1sg] \{1\}
    Bulgarian:
    čúja `hear' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Pleteršnik (I: s.v.) incorrectly has a falling tone in the present (see o.c. II: III).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > čùti

  • 8 jьměti

    jьměti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: c \{1\} Proto-Slavic meaning: `have'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 226-227
    Old Church Slavic:
    iměti `have' [verb], imamь [1sg] \{2\}
    Russian:
    imét' `have (of abstract possession)' [verb], iméju [1sg]
    Ukrainian:
    imíty (dial.) `have' [verb];
    míty (dial.) `have' [verb]
    Czech:
    míti `have' [verb]
    Old Czech:
    jmieti `have' [verb]
    Polish:
    mieć `have' [verb];
    imieć (arch.) `have' [verb]
    Old Polish:
    imieć `have' [verb];
    jemieć `have' [verb];
    jmieć `have' [verb]
    Slovincian:
    mjìe̯c `have' [verb], mȯ́u̯m [1sg]
    Upper Sorbian:
    měć `have' [verb]
    Lower Sorbian:
    měś `have' [verb]
    Polabian:
    met `have' [verb], mo [3sg]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    imjeti `have' [verb];
    Čak. imȅt (Orbanići) `have' [verb], ȉman [1sg]
    Slovene:
    imẹ́ti `have' [verb], imȃm [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    ímam `have' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₁m-
    Page in Pokorny: 310
    Other cognates:
    Lat. emere `take (in compounds), buy' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The present jьmamь had mobile stress, cf. SCr. ȉmām, imámo (Dubr.) \{2\} Rarely imějǫ.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > jьměti

  • 9 mьglà

    mьglà; mьgà; miglъ Grammatical information: f. ā; f. ā; m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `mist, haze'
    Page in Trubačev: XXI 92-94
    Old Church Slavic:
    mьgla (Ps. Sin. MS 2/N) `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Russian:
    mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];
    mga `dense mist, drizzle, haze in times of drought' [f ā]
    Czech:
    mlha `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mha (poet.) `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mhla (obs., dial.) `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Old Czech:
    mhla `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Polish:
    mgɫa `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Upper Sorbian:
    mihel `wet mist, drizzle' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];
    Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;
    Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};
    mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    măglá `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: migláH
    Lithuanian:
    miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;
    miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;
    mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]
    Latvian:
    migla `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mìegs `sleep' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    maiggun `sleep' [asgf]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₃migʰ-leh₂
    IE meaning: mist, cloud
    Page in Pokorny: 712
    Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather'
    ;
    Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];
    Gk. ὀμίχλη `mist, haze' [f];
    Av. maēɣa- `cloud'
    ;
    Arm. mēg `mist';
    MoDu. miggelen `drizzle, swarm (with)' [verb] \{2\} \{3\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} Illič-Svityč lists a number of SCr. dialect forms which point to AP (b) (1963: 40). The standard language has secondary mobility in this word. \{2\} It cannot be excluded that miggelen is cognate with MDu. miegen `urinate'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mьglà

  • 10 mьgà

    mьglà; mьgà; miglъ Grammatical information: f. ā; f. ā; m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `mist, haze'
    Page in Trubačev: XXI 92-94
    Old Church Slavic:
    mьgla (Ps. Sin. MS 2/N) `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Russian:
    mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];
    mga `dense mist, drizzle, haze in times of drought' [f ā]
    Czech:
    mlha `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mha (poet.) `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mhla (obs., dial.) `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Old Czech:
    mhla `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Polish:
    mgɫa `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Upper Sorbian:
    mihel `wet mist, drizzle' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];
    Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;
    Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};
    mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    măglá `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: migláH
    Lithuanian:
    miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;
    miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;
    mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]
    Latvian:
    migla `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mìegs `sleep' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    maiggun `sleep' [asgf]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₃migʰ-leh₂
    IE meaning: mist, cloud
    Page in Pokorny: 712
    Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather'
    ;
    Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];
    Gk. ὀμίχλη `mist, haze' [f];
    Av. maēɣa- `cloud'
    ;
    Arm. mēg `mist';
    MoDu. miggelen `drizzle, swarm (with)' [verb] \{2\} \{3\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} Illič-Svityč lists a number of SCr. dialect forms which point to AP (b) (1963: 40). The standard language has secondary mobility in this word. \{2\} It cannot be excluded that miggelen is cognate with MDu. miegen `urinate'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mьgà

  • 11 miglъ

    mьglà; mьgà; miglъ Grammatical information: f. ā; f. ā; m. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `mist, haze'
    Page in Trubačev: XXI 92-94
    Old Church Slavic:
    mьgla (Ps. Sin. MS 2/N) `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Russian:
    mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];
    mga `dense mist, drizzle, haze in times of drought' [f ā]
    Czech:
    mlha `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mha (poet.) `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mhla (obs., dial.) `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Old Czech:
    mhla `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Polish:
    mgɫa `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Upper Sorbian:
    mihel `wet mist, drizzle' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];
    Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;
    Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};
    mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    măglá `mist, haze' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: migláH
    Lithuanian:
    miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;
    miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;
    mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]
    Latvian:
    migla `mist, haze' [f ā];
    mìegs `sleep' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    maiggun `sleep' [asgf]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₃migʰ-leh₂
    IE meaning: mist, cloud
    Page in Pokorny: 712
    Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather'
    ;
    Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];
    Gk. ὀμίχλη `mist, haze' [f];
    Av. maēɣa- `cloud'
    ;
    Arm. mēg `mist';
    MoDu. miggelen `drizzle, swarm (with)' [verb] \{2\} \{3\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} Illič-Svityč lists a number of SCr. dialect forms which point to AP (b) (1963: 40). The standard language has secondary mobility in this word. \{2\} It cannot be excluded that miggelen is cognate with MDu. miegen `urinate'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > miglъ

  • 12 luska

    luska Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `peel, shell, pod, scale'
    Page in Trubačev: XVI 188-191
    Russian:
    luská (Da l') `skin, peel, chaff' [f ā]
    Czech:
    luska (obs.) `pod, husk' [f ā]
    Old Czech:
    luska `iron scale' [f ā]
    Polish:
    ɫuska `pod, shell, scale (of fish, reptiles)' [f ā]
    Upper Sorbian:
    ɫuska `pod' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    ljȕska `shell, pod, scale (of fish, reptiles)' [f ā];
    lȕska (arch.) `skin, shell, pod, scale (of fish), splinter' [f ā];
    Čak. lūskȁ (Orbanići) `splinter' [f ā], lūskȍ [Accs]
    Slovene:
    lȗska `scale, bran' [f ā]
    Latvian:
    làuskas2 `flake, dandruff' [Nompf ā]
    Comments: According to Vaillant, * luska is derived from the verb * luskati < * lup-sk-ati (< * loup-). Though the accentuation of several forms is in conflict with this etymology, its is nevertheless an attractive solution. The East Latvian form làuskas2 may very well differ etymologically from laûska `something broken, potsherd, splinter, the breaker (personification of frost)', which clearly derive from laûzt `break'. This raises the question to what extent *louǵ-sk- may be present in Slavic.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > luska

  • 13 xoditi

    xoditi Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `go, walk'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 48-49
    Old Church Slavic:
    xoditi `go, walk' [verb], xoždǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    xodít' `go, walk' [verb], xožú [1sg], xódit [3sg]
    Czech:
    choditi `go, walk' [verb]
    Slovak:
    chodit' `go, walk' [verb]
    Polish:
    chodzić `go, walk' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    hòditi `go, walk' [verb], hȍdīm [1sg];
    Čak. hodȉti (Vrgada) `go, walk' [verb];
    Čak. hodȉt (Orbanići) `go, walk' [verb], hȍdin [1sg]
    Slovene:
    hóditi `go, walk' [verb], hǫ́dim [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    xódja `go, walk' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: sod-
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 884
    Comments: The initial x is thought to have originated after prefixes triggering the "ruki-rule" (e.g. pri-, u-). In order to explain the absence of the effects of Winter's law, Kortlandt assumes that xoditi replaces a reduplicated present *sizd-, where the law would not apply (Kortlandt 1988: 394).
    Other cognates:
    Gk. ὁδεύω `wander' [verb];
    Av. āsnaoiti `approaches' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > xoditi

  • 14 xȏdъ

    xȏdъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `motion, movement'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 51-52
    Old Church Slavic:
    xodъ (Supr.) `motion, movement' [m o]
    Russian:
    xod `motion, movement' [m o], xóda [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    xid `motion, movement' [m o], xóda [Gens]
    Czech:
    chod `motion, movement, walking' [m o]
    Slovak:
    chod `motion, movement, walk' [m o]
    Polish:
    chód `motion, movement, walking' [m o], chodu [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    hȏd `motion, movement, speed' [m o], hȍda [Gens];
    Čak. hȏd (Vrgada) `motion, movement, speed' [m o], hȍda [Gens];
    Čak. huȏt (Orbanići) `walk, walking' [m o], hȍda [Gens]
    Slovene:
    hòd `motion, movement, walking' [m o], hóda [Gens];
    hǫ̑d `motion, movement, walking' [m o], hodȃ [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    xod `motion, movement, step' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: sod-o- \{1\}
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 884
    Other cognates:
    Gk. ὁδός `wander' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The initial x is thought to have originated after prefixes triggering the "ruki-rule" (e.g. pri-, u-). In order to explain the absence of the effects of Winter's law, Kortlandt assumes that xoditi replaces a reduplicated present *sizd-, where the law would not apply (Kortlandt 1988: 394).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > xȏdъ

  • 15 dāvàti

    dāvàti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `give'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 197
    Old Church Slavic:
    - davati `give' [verb]
    Russian:
    davát' `give' [verb], dajú [1sg]
    Czech:
    dávati `give' [verb]
    Slovak:
    dávat' `give' [verb]
    Polish:
    dawać `give' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dávati `give' [verb], dȃjēm [1sg];
    dávati (Vuk: SW) `give' [verb], dájēm [1sg];
    dávati `give' [verb], dȃvām [1sg];
    Čak. då̄vȁti `give' [verb], då̃ješ [2sg];
    Čak. dāvȁt (Orbanići) `give' [verb], dājȅn [1sg]
    Slovene:
    dávati `give' [verb], dávam [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    dávam `give' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: doʔu̯aʔ-
    Latvian:
    dãvât `give (iter.)' [verb]
    Page in Pokorny: 223
    Comments: The secondary je-present dajǫ is built on the aorist stem. The long non-acute root vowel of the imperfective iteratives in - dāvati can be traced to a perfect form * dh₃-ēu (Kortlandt 1989: 111).
    Other cognates:
    Gk. δίδωμι `give' [verb];
    Skt. dádāti `give' [verb];
    Lat. dāre `give' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dāvàti

  • 16 dàti

    dàti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `give'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 194-195
    Old Church Slavic:
    dati `give' [verb], damь [1sg], dasi [2sg], dastъ [3sg], damъ [1pl], daste [2pl], dadętъ [3pl]
    Russian:
    dat' `give' [verb], dam [1sg], daš' [2sg], dast [3sg], dadím [1pl], dadíte [2pl], dadút [3pl]
    Czech:
    dáti `give' [verb]
    Old Czech:
    dáti `give' [verb], dám [1sg], dáš [2sg], dádie [3pl]
    Slovak:
    dáti (OSlk.) `give' [verb];
    dat' `give' [verb]
    Polish:
    dać `give' [verb], dam [1sg], dadzą [3pl]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dȁti `give' [verb], dȃm [1sg], dámo [1pl];
    Čak. dȁti (Vrgada) `give' [verb], då̃š [2sg], då̑dȅš [2sg];
    Čak. dȁt (Orbanići) `give' [verb], dãn [1sg], dāmȍ [1pl]
    Slovene:
    dáti `give' [verb], dám [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    dam `give' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: doʔtei; doʔd-mi [1sg]
    Lithuanian:
    dúoti `give' [verb]
    Latvian:
    duôt `give' [verb]
    Old Prussian:
    dāt `give' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: deh₃-; didh₃-
    IE meaning: give
    Page in Pokorny: 223
    Comments: In the reduplicated present the first element became acute as a result of Winter's law.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. δίδωμι `give' [verb];
    Skt. dádāti `give' [verb];
    Lat. dāre `give' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dàti

  • 17 žę̄dàti

    žę̄dàti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `wish, desire'
    Old Church Slavic:
    žędati `wish, long for, desire' [verb], žęždǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    žadát' (dial.) `thirst for' [verb], žadáju [1sg]
    Czech:
    žádati `ask, demand' [verb]
    Slovak:
    žiadat' `ask, demand' [verb]
    Polish:
    żądać `demand' [verb]
    Upper Sorbian:
    žadać `wish, desire, demand' [verb]
    Lower Sorbian:
    žedaś `demand' [verb]
    Lithuanian:
    pasigèsti `miss' [verb], pasigeñda [3ps]
    Comments: The nasal of the Slavic root must have originated from a nasal present, cf. Lith. -geñda.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. θέσσασθαι `pray for' [verb];
    Gk. ποθέω `desire' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > žę̄dàti

  • 18 žędьnъ

    žędьnъ Grammatical information: adj. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `avid, greedy'
    Russian:
    žádnyj `greedy, avaricious' [adj o];
    žáden `greedy, avaricious' [adj o], žadná [Nomsf], žádno [Nomsn]
    Czech:
    žádný (obs.) `avid' [adj o]
    Polish:
    żądny `eager, anxious' [adj o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    žédan `thirsty' [adj o], žédna [Nomsf], žédno [Nomsn];
    Čak. žȇdan (Vrgada) `thirsty' [adj o], žēdnȁ [Nomsf], žȇdno [Nomsn]
    Slovene:
    žę́dǝn `thirsty' [adj o]
    Bulgarian:
    žáden `thirsty' [adj o];
    žắden `thirsty' [adj o];
    žéden (dial.) `thirsty' [adj o]
    Comments: The nasal of the Slavic root must have originated from a nasal present, cf. Lith. -geñda.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. θέσσασθαι `pray for' [verb];
    Gk. ποθέω `desire' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > žędьnъ

  • 19 želàti

    želě̀ti II; želàti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a \{1\} Proto-Slavic meaning: `wish, want'
    Old Church Slavic:
    želěti `wish, want' [verb], želějǫ [1sg];
    želati `wish, want' [verb], želajǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    želát' `wish, want' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    žèljeti `wish, want, desire' [verb], žèlīm [1sg];
    Čak. želȉti (Vrgada) `wish, want, desire' [verb], želĩš [2sg];
    Čak. želȉt (Hvar) `wish, want, desire' [verb], želín [1sg];
    Čak. želȅt (Orbanići) `wish, want, desire' [verb], želĩn [1sg]
    Slovene:
    želẹ́ti `wish, want' [verb], želím [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    želája `wish, want' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: gʷʰel-
    Page in Pokorny: 489
    Other cognates:
    Gk. θέλω `wish, want' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The Serbo-Croatian and Slovene i-present is mobile.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > želàti

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