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1 aliquantum
aliquantum ī, n [neut. of aliquantus], a little, some, a considerable amount, something: ex cottidianis sumptibus: auri: itineris, Cs.: muri, L.: equorum et armorum, S.* * *Ito some extent, in some degree, somewhat, slightly, a littleIIcertain/fair amount/number/degree; a considerable quantity; a part/bit -
2 aliquantum
aliquantum adv., somewhat, in some degree, considerably, not a little: commotus: illius conatūs reprimere: modum excedere, L.: intellegere.—With comp: ad rem avidior, T.: praeda spe maior, L.* * *Ito some extent, in some degree, somewhat, slightly, a littleIIcertain/fair amount/number/degree; a considerable quantity; a part/bit -
3 aliquantum
ălĭquantō and ălĭquantum, adv., v. aliquantus. -
4 aliquantum
(noun) a good deal. -
5 aliquantus
ălĭquantus, a, um, adj. [alius-quantus; v. aliquis], somewhat, some, moderate, tolerable; considerable, not a little (designating the medium between much and little; cf. Ernest. ad Suet. Caes. 87; Wolf ad Suet. Caes. 10; Hotting. ad Cic. Div. 2, 1; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 3, 13; 5, 10; Brut. ad Nep. Dion, 3, 3; Kritz ad Sall. C. 8, 2).I.In gen.: M. sed quaero, utrum aliquid actum superioribus diebus, an nihil arbitremur: A. Actum vero et aliquantum quidem, Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 15:II.Romani signorum et armorum aliquanto numero, hostium paucorum potiti,
Sall. J. 74, 3:timor aliquantus, sed spes amplior,
id. ib. 105, 4:spatium,
Liv. 38, 27:iter,
id. 25, 35:pecunia,
App. Mag. p. 320, 1.—Esp.A.In the neutr. as subst.:B.ad quos aliquantum ex cotidianis sumptibus redundet,
Cic. Cael. 57:Alienus ex eā facultate, si quam habet, aliquantum detracturus est,
somewhat, id. Div. in Caecil. 15:ut aliquantum se arbitrentur adeptos ad dicendum,
id. Off. 1, 1; id. Phil. 8, 27; and esp. with partit. gen., some part, some:aliquantum agri,
Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33:nummorum aliquantum et auri,
id. Clu. 179:temporis,
id. Quint. 22:animi,
id. Att. 7, 13 fin.:noctis,
id. Fam. 7, 25 fin. al.:aliquantum negotii sustinere,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 7:itineris,
Caes. B. G. 5, 10 Herz.:equorum et armorum,
Sall. J. 62, 5:famae et auctoritatis,
Liv. 44, 33; 21, 28; 30, 8; 41, 16 al.; Suet. Caes. 81.—The plur. rare, and only in later Lat.:1.aliquanti in caelestium numerum referuntur,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 33:aliquanta oppida,
Eutr. 4 fin.; Spart. Hadr. 7 fin.:aliquantis diebus,
Pall. 1, 19.—Whence, ălĭquantum and ălĭ-quantō, adv. (on the proportionate use of these forms with the posit. and comp. v. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 9, 38; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 5, 10; Web. ad Luc. 2, 225; Zumpt, Gr. § 488), somewhat, in some degree, a little, rather; considerably, not a little (cf. aliquantus).In gen.(α).Aliquantum: Ba. Nam ut in navi vecta es, credo timida es. So. Aliquantum, soror, somewhat so, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 73:(β).quae (consolatio) mihi quidem ipsi sane aliquantum medetur, ceteris item multum illam profuturam puto,
Cic. Div. 2, 1, 3: item qui processit aliquantum ad virtutis aditum ( has come somewhat near), nihilominus, etc., id. Fin. 3, 14, 48:aliquantum commoveri,
id. Clu. 140:quod nisi meo adventu illius conatus aliquantum repressissem,
id. Verr. 2, 64:movit aliquantum oratio regis legatos,
Liv. 39, 29; so id. 5, 23 al.: huc concede aliquantum ( a little), Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 116:aliquantum ventriosus,
id. As. 2, 3, 20:quale sit, non tam definitione intellegi potest (quamquam aliquantum potest), quam, etc.,
to some extent, in some degree, Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45:litteris lectis aliquantum acquievi,
id. Fam. 4, 6:adjutus aliquantum,
Suet. Tib. 13.—Aliquanto:2.non modo non contra legem, sed etiam intra legem et quidem aliquanto,
not a little, considerably so, Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 9: terra etsi aliquanto specie differt, etc., * Tac. G. 5.—Esp., with compp. it has greater or less force, acc. to the context, much more or a little more, somewhat more (the latter sometimes ironic. instead of the former; cf. Quint. 1, 12, 4 Spald.; in class. prose very freq.; most freq. prob. in Suet.; but never perh. in poetry, except in the examples from the ante-class. per.).(α).With aliquanto: Ch. Abeamus intro hinc ad me. St. Atque aliquanto lubentius quam abs te sum egressus, Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 43:(β).aliquanto amplius,
id. As. 3, 3, 2; so Cic. Verr. 2, 1:aliquanto plus,
id. ib. 2, 1:minus aliquanto,
id. Div. in Caecil. 18:melius aliquanto,
id. Brut. 78, 270:sed certe idem melius aliquanto dicerent, si, etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 24, 103:carinae aliquanto planiores quam nostrarum navium,
much flatter, Caes. B. G. 3, 13 Herz.; so,aliquanto crudelior esse coepit,
Nep. Dion, 3, 3:cum majore aliquanto numero quam decretum erat,
Sall. J. 86, 4; so id. C. 8, 2; id. J. 79, 4:aliquanto superior,
Liv. 5, 26, 6:ad majus aliquanto certamen redit,
Liv. 5, 29, 5; so id: 27, 36, 7; Quint. 1, 12, 4; Suet. Caes. 10; 86; id. Tib. 62 al.:soluta est navis aliquanto prius,
some time before, Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 15:maturius aliquanto lupinus seritur,
Pall. R. R. 10, 5:aliquanto serius quam per aetatem liceret,
Cic. Agr. 2, 3.—So with ante and post:aliquanto ante in provinciam proficiscitur, quam,
Cic. Verr. 1, 149; 3, 44:ante aliquanto quam est mortuus,
id. ib. 2, 46; id. Vatin. 25:ad illos aliquanto post venit,
id. Verr. 4, 85:porticum post aliquanto Q. Catulus fecit,
id. Dom. 102: atque ille primo quidem negavit; post autem aliquanto ( but some time afterwards) surrexit, id. Cat. 3, 11:postea aliquanto,
id. Inv. 2, 51, 154.—With aliquantum:aliquantum ad rem est avidior,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51:fortasse aliquantum iniquior erat,
id. Heaut. 1, 2, 27:aliquantum amplior augustiorque,
Liv. 1, 7, 9:aliquantum taetrior,
Val. Max. 5, 9, 3:Garumna aliquantum plenior,
Mel. 3, 2, 5. -
6 praecipiō
praecipiō cēpī, ceptus, ere [prae+capio], to take beforehand, get in advance: ab publicanis pecuniam insequentis anni mutuam praeceperat, had borrowed in advance, Cs.: aliquantum viae, get something of a start, L.: Piraeeum quinqueremibus, preoccupy, L.: si lac praeceperit aestus, i. e. have dried up, V.: praecipitur seges, ripens prematurely, O.—Fig., to take in advance, obtain beforehand, anticipate: alterum mihi est certius, nec praecipiam tamen, I will not anticipate: ut ne multi ante praeciperent oculis quam populus R., got an earlier view: famā prius praecepta res, anticipated by rumor, L.: aliquantum ad fugam temporis, gain some advantage in time, L.: tempore illi praecepto, by priority, L.: praecipio gaudia suppliciorum vestrorum, I rejoice in advance: iam animo victoriam praecipiebant, figured to themselves beforehand, Cs.: cogitatione futura, to imagine beforehand: omnia, V.: quod haec usu ventura opinione praeceperat, had already suspected, Cs.— To give rules, advise, admonish, warn, inform, instruct, teach, enjoin, direct, bid, order: bene praecepi semper quae potui omnia, T.: Quicquid praecipies, esto brevis, H.: de eloquentiā: artem nandi, O.: Mitem animum, recommend, Iu.: haec illi: numerum modumque carinis, prescribe, V.: parcere omnibus: ceteras (sarcinas) incendi, Cu.: an ratio parum praecipit, nec bonum illud esse, nec, etc., teaches: illud potius praecipiendum fuit, ut, etc.: Caesar praecepit vobis, ne sibi adsentiremini: praecipit atque interdicit, omnes unum peterent, Cs.: eis adgrediantur, etc., S.* * *praecipere, praecepi, praeceptus Vtake or receive in advance; anticipate; warn; order; teach, instruct -
7 praecipio
prae-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. [capio], to take or seize beforehand, to get or receive in advance (class., esp. in the trop. sense; syn.: anticipo, praeoccupo).I.Lit.A.In gen., Lucr. 6, 1050:B.nisi aquam praecepimus ante,
id. 6, 804:a publicanis pecuniam insequentis anni mutuam praeceperat,
Caes. B. C. 3, 31:aliquantum viae,
to get the start somewhat, Liv. 36, 19:longius spatium fugā,
id. 22, 41 fin.:iter,
id. 3, 46:Piraeeum quinqueremibus,
to preoccupy, id. 32, 16, 5: mons a Lusitanis praeceptus, Sall. Fragm. ap. Gell. 10, 26, 3:si lac praeceperit aestus,
i. e. have previously dried up, Verg. E. 3, 98.—In partic., in jurid. lang, to receive (esp. an inheritance or bequest) in advance, Plin. Ep. 5, 7, 4:II.si heres centum praecipere jussus sit,
Dig. 30, 122; so ib. 36, 1, 63:quantitatem dotis,
ib. 17, 2, 81:dotem,
ib. 10, 2, 46:per praeceptionem hoc modo legamus: Lucius Titius hominem Stichum praecipito,
Gai. Inst. 2, 216. —Trop.A.In gen., to take or obtain in advance, to anticipate:B.aliquantum ad fugam temporis Syphax et Hasdrubal praeceperunt,
gained some advantage in time, Liv. 30, 8 fin.:tempus,
id. 1, 7:celeres neu praecipe Parcas,
do not hasten in advance of, do not anticipate, Stat. Th. 8, 328; so,veneno fata praecepit,
Flor. 3, 9, 4: praecipio gaudia suppliciorum vestrorum, I rejoice in advance, Anton. ap. Cic. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Hirt. B. G. 8, 51; cf. Liv. 45, 1, 1:jam animo victoriam praecipiebant,
figured to themselves beforehand, Caes. B. C. 3, 87 fin.; Liv. 10, 26:spe jam praecipit hostem,
Verg. A. 11, 491: praecipere cogitatione futura, to conjecture or imagine beforehand, Cic. Off. 1, 23, 81:omnia,
Verg. A. 6, 105; cf.:haec usu ventura opinione praeceperat,
had already suspected, Caes. B. G. 7, 9:sed alterum mihi est certius, nec praecipiam tamen,
Cic. Att. 10, 1, 2.—In partic., to give rules or precepts to any one, to advise, admonish, warn, inform, instruct, teach; to enjoin, direct, bid, order, etc. (syn.:mando, impero, doceo): vilici officia, quae dominus praecepit,
Cato, R. R. 142:Philocomasio id praecipiendum est, ut sciat,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 92:quoi numquam unam rem me licet semel praecipere,
id. As. 2, 4, 15:quae ego tibi praecipio, ea facito,
id. Trin. 2, 2, 17:docui, monui, bene praecepi semper quae potui omnia,
Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 6:quicquid praecipies, esto brevis,
Hor. A. P. 335:de eloquentiā,
Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 48:de agriculturā,
Plin. 18, 24, 56, § 201:alicui aliquid praecipere,
Cic. Mur. 2, 4: glossemata nobis, Asin. Gall. ap. Suet. Gram. 22:numerumque modumque carinis Praecipiant,
Verg. A. 11, 329:cantus lugubres,
Hor. C. 1, 24, 2:artem nandi,
Ov. Tr. 2, 486:humanitatem,
Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 2, etc.:mitem animum et mores modicis erroribus aequos Praecipit,
enjoins, recommends, Juv. 14, 16.—With inf.:justitia praecipit, parcere omnibus,
Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 21; so,paeoniam praecipiunt eruere noctu,
Plin. 25, 4, 10, § 29:codicillos aperiri testator praecepit,
Dig. 31, 1, 89.—With ut:illud potius praecipiendum fuit, ut, etc.,
Cic. Lael. 16, 60:recte etiam praecipi potest in amicitiis, ne, etc.,
id. ib. 20, 75:consulentibus Pythia praecepit, ut, etc.,
Nep. Milt. 1, 3.—With subj. alone:praecipit atque interdicit, omnes unum peterent Indutiomarum,
Caes. B. G. 5, 58:his praecepit, omnes mortales pecuniā aggrediantur,
Sall. J. 28, 1.—With acc. and inf.:etiam scelere convictos nonnisi ad opus damnari praeceperat,
Suet. Ner. 31:D. Claudius edicto praecepit,
decreed, commanded, Dig. 48, 10, 15. —As subst.: praecĭpĭens, entis, m., a teacher, Cic. Rep. 1, 46, 70:jam prope consummata fuerit praecipientis opera,
Quint. 2, 6, 6:in numero praecipientium,
id. 2, 3, 5.—Hence, praeceptum, i, n. (acc. to II. B.), a maxim, rule, precept; an order, direction, command, bidding; an injunction, etc. (class.):quo praecepto ab iis diligentissime observato,
Caes. B. G. 5, 35:sine praecepto ullius suā sponte struebatur acies,
Liv. 9, 31:transvectae praecepto ducis alae,
Tac. Agr. 37:hoc praeceptum patet latius,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 58; cf.:hoc praeceptum officii diligenter tenendum est,
id. Off. 2, 14, 51.—In plur.:tuis monitig praeceptisque,
Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 3:in quam (partem) praecepta nobis danda sunt,
id. Inv. 2, 17, 53; 2, 34, 105:abundare praeceptis philosophiae,
id. Off. 1, 1, 1:dare praecepta dicendi,
id. Brut. 76, 273; cf.studiosis dicendi praecepta tradere,
id. Or. 41, 141:deūm praecepta secuti,
orders, commands, Verg. G. 4, 448:sine vi non ulla dabit (Nereus) praecepta,
id. ib. 4, 398. -
8 aliquantus
aliquantus adj., of an indefinite quantity, some, considerable, moderate: signorum numerus, S.: timor aliquantus, sed spes amplior, S.: spatium, L.* * *aliquanta, aliquantum ADJcertain quantity/amount/number/size of; quite a quantity of; moderate -
9 ariēs
ariēs (poet. ariēs, disyl.), ietis, m a ram, C., V. — Meton., the Ram (a constellation), O. — A battering-ram: ab ariete materia defendit. Cs.: arietibus aliquantum muri discussit, L.—A breakwater: (sublicae) pro ariete subiectae, Cs.* * *ram (sheep); battering ram; the Ram (zodiac); large unidentified marine animal -
10 discutiō
discutiō cussī, cussus, ere [dis + quatio], to strike asunder, dash to pieces, shatter: columna ad imum fulmine discussa est, L.: arietibus aliquantum muri, L.: latericium, Cs.: tempora ictu, O.: nubīs, O.: discussae iubae capiti, V.: saxa, Iu.— To break up, scatter, disperse, dissipate, remove, dispel: coetūs, L.: discussa est caligo: discussā nive, Cs.: umbras, V.: somnum sibi lymphā, Pr.: soporem, Cu. — Fig., to remove, scatter, destroy, suppress: caedem: cunctationem eius: eam rem litterae discusserunt, L.: periculum consilio.* * *discutere, discussi, discussus Vstrike down; shatter, shake violently; dissipate, bring to naught; plead case -
11 ē-dō
ē-dō didī, ditus, ere, to give out, put forth, bring forth, raise, set up: animam, i. e. die: vitam, to end: spiritum: clamorem, utter: voces: questūs, O.: Maeander in sinum maris editur, discharges, L.: ordo editus in altum.—To bring forth, give birth to, bear, produce, beget: partum: quem partu edidit, V.: geminos, O.: Electram Atlas Edidit, V.—P. pass.: in lucem, C. poët.: partu, O.: de flumine, O.: Maecenas atavis regibus, H. —To produce: (tellus) Edidit species, O.: utrum alios terra ediderit, L.—To put forth, publish: de re p. libros: delere licebit Quod non edideris, H. —To set forth, publish, relate, tell, utter, announce, declare, disclose: quid in magistratu gesserint: carmen post rem actam editum, L.: hominis nomen, H.: veros ortūs, O.: mea fata tibi, O.: oraculum: haec ex oraculo edita tibi: illum iactum per inane, O.: auctorem doctrinae falso Pythagoran, L.: (hunc) filium ediderim, am inclined to call him, L.: opinio in volgus edita, spread abroad, Cs.: in volgus edit, profectum, etc., N.: editis hostium consiliis, divulged, L.—To give out, promulgate, proclaim, ordain: verba: iudicium: mandata edita, L.: quid fieri vellet, L.—To designate, name: hostiae, quibus editum est diis, caesae, L.: iudices editi (cf. editicii): sibi eum edidit socium. —To bring forth, show, display, produce, perform, bring about, cause, inflict: oves nullum fructum edere possent: contemptus hostis cruentum certamen edidit, L.: ingentem caedem, L.: trepidationis aliquantum, L.: facinus, perpetrate: (scelus) in me: munus gladiatorium, exhibit, L.: exemplum severitatis: in te exempla, make an example of you, T.: in eos omnia exempla cruciatūsque, Cs. -
12 fodiō
fodiō fōdī, fossus, ere [FOD-], to dig, dig up: in fundo, T.: fodit, invenit auri aliquantum: humum, V.— To dig out, make by digging, excavate, mine: puteos, Cs.: cubilia (talpae), V.: argentum, L.: murum, undermine, O.— To prick, pierce, wound, thrust, stab: equi calcaribus armos, V.: ora hastis, L.: militem hastā, Ta.: Noli fodere, jog, T.: aquas (ungulā）, O.—Fig., to goad, sting, disturb: te stimulis.* * *fodere, fodi, fossus Vdig, dig out/up; stab -
13 nox
nox noctis, f [1 NEC-], night: umbra terrae soli officiens noctem efficit: nocte et die concoqui, in twenty-four hours: dinumerationes noctium ac dierum: omni nocte dieque, Iu.: primā nocte, at nightfall, Cs.: de nocte, by night: multā de nocte, late at night: multā nocte: ad multam noctem, Cs.: intempestā nocte, S.: nox proelium diremit, S.: sub noctem naves solvit, Cs.: Conari noctīsque et dies, T.: noctes et dies urgeri, night and day: concubiā nocte: nec discernatur, interdiu nocte, pugnent, by night, L.: O noctes cenaeque deum! i. e. glorious late suppers, H.: omnis et insanā semita nocte sonat, a revelling by night, Pr. — A dream: pectore noctem Accipit, V.— Death: omnīs una manet nox, H.: aeterna, V.— Darkness, obscurity, gloom of tempest: quae quasi noctem quandam rebus offunderet: imber Noctem hiememque ferens, V.— Blindness: Perpetua, O.— Person., the goddess of Night, sister of Erebus, C., V., O.—Fig., darkness, confusion: in hanc rei p. noctem incidisse.— Mental darkness, ignorance: quantum mortalia pectora caecae Noctis habent, O.— Obscurity, unintelligibility: mei versūs aliquantum noctis habebunt, O.* * *prima nocte -- early in the night; multa nocte -- late at night
-
14 re-laxō
re-laxō āvī, ātus, āre, to stretch out, widen again, make wider: fontibus ora, open, O.: vias et caeca Spiramenta, relax the ducts, V.—To unloose, loosen, open: alvus relaxatur: se intestinis relaxantibus: densa, rarefy, V.: tunicarum vincula, O.—Fig., to abate, remit, give respite: remittit aliquantum et relaxat.—To ease, relieve, cheer, relax, lighten: animos doctrinā: animus somno relaxatus: ut ex pristino sermone relaxarentur animi omnium: homines interdum animis relaxantur.—To make loose, relax, loosen: constructio verborum dissolutionibus relaxetur: pater indulgens, quicquid ego astrinxi, relaxat.—To alleviate, mitigate, assuage: tristitiam ac severitatem: quiete laborem, Cu.—To relieve, release, free, abate: (animi) cum se corporis vinculis relaxaverint: insani cum relaxentur, i. e. become lucid. -
15 vacō
vacō āvī, ātus, āre, to be empty, be void, be vacant, be without, not to contain: villa ita completa militibus est, ut vix triclinium... vacaret: maximam putant esse laudem, quam latissime vacare agros, to be uninhabited, Cs.: ostia septem Pulverulenta vacant, septem sine flumine valles, O.: Ora vacent epulis, i. e. abstain from, O.: haec a custodiis classium loca maxime vacabant, Cs.— To be unoccupied, be vacant, be ownerless: cum agri Ligustini... aliquantum vacaret, L.: Piso si adesset, nullius philosophiae vacaret locus, i. e. no system would be without a representative.—Fig., to be vacant, be free, be without, be unoccupied: nulla vitae pars vacare officio potest: amplitudo animi pulchrior, si vacet populo, remains aloof from: res p. et milite illic et pecuniā vacet, be relieved from furnishing, L.: nullum tempus illi umquam vacabat a scribendo: a publico officio et munere: ab opere (milites), Cs.—To be free from labor, be idle, be at leisure, have leisure, have time: quamvis occupatus sis... aut, si ne tu quidem vacas, etc.: Dum perago tecum pauca vaca, i. e. attend, O.: philosophiae, Quinte, semper vaco, have time for: In grande opus, O.: teneri properentur amores, Dum vacat, i. e. in idle hours, O.: si vacat, Iu.: si vacet annalīs nostrorum audire laborum, if there is time, V.: Hactenus indulsisse vacat, i. e. it is permitted, V.: Non vacat exiguis rebus adesse Iovi, Jupiter has no leisure for trifles, O.* * *vacare, vacavi, vacatus Vbe empty; be vacant; be idle; be free from, be unoccupied -
16 ad
ad, prep. with acc. (from the fourth century after Christ written also at; Etrusc. suf. -a; Osc. az; Umbr. and Old Lat. ar, as [p. 27] in Eug. Tab., in S. C. de Bacch., as arveho for adveho; arfuerunt, arfuisse, for adfuerunt, etc.; arbiter for adbiter; so, ar me advenias, Plant. Truc. 2, 2, 17; cf. Prisc. 559 P.; Vel. Long. 2232 P.; Fabretti, Glos. Ital. col. 5) [cf. Sanscr. adhi; Goth. and Eng. at; Celt. pref. ar, as armor, i.e. ad mare; Rom. a].I.As antith. to ab (as in to ex), in a progressive order of relation, ad denotes, first, the direction toward an object; then the reaching of or attaining to it; and finally, the being at or near it.A.In space.1.Direction toward, to, toward, and first,a.Horizontally:b.fugere ad puppim colles campique videntur,
the hills and fields appear to fly toward the ship, Lucr. 4, 390: meridie umbrae cadunt ad septentrionem, ortu vero ad occasum, to or toward the north and west, Plin. 2, 13, and so often of the geog. position of a place in reference to the points of compass, with the verbs jacere, vergere, spectare, etc.:Asia jacet ad meridiem et austrum, Europa ad septentriones et aquiionem,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 31 Mull.;and in Plin. very freq.: Creta ad austrum... ad septentrionem versa, 4, 20: ad Atticam vergente, 4, 21 al.—Also trop.: animus alius ad alia vitia propensior,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 81.—In a direction upwards (esp. in the poets, very freq.): manusque sursum ad caelum sustulit, Naev. ap. Non. 116, 30 (B. Pun. p. 13, ed. Vahl.): manus ad caeli templa tendebam lacrimans, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 50 ed. Vahl.); cf.:c.duplices tendens ad sidera palmas,
Verg. A. 1, 93: molem ex profundo saxeam ad caelum vomit, Att. ap. Prisc. 1325 P.: clamor ad caelum volvendus, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 104 Mull. (Ann. v. 520 ed. Vahl.) (cf. with this: tollitur in caelum clamor, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, or Ann. v. 422):ad caelumque ferat flammai fulgura rursum, of Aetna,
Lucr. 1, 725; cf. id. 2, 191; 2, 325: sidera sola micant;ad quae sua bracchia tendens, etc.,
Ov. M. 7, 188:altitudo pertingit ad caelum,
Vulg. Dan. 4, 17.—Also in the direction downwards (for the usu. in):2.tardiore semper ad terras omnium quae geruntur in caelo effectu cadente quam visu,
Plin. 2, 97, 99, § 216.The point or goal at which any thing arrives.a.Without reference to the space traversed in passing, to, toward (the most common use of this prep.): cum stupro redire ad suos popularis, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 317 Mull. (B. Pun. p. 14 ed. Vahl.):(α).ut ex tam alto dignitatis gradu ad superos videatur potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12: ad terras decidat aether, Lucan. 2, 58. —Hence,With verbs which designate going, coming, moving, bearing, bringing near, adapting, taking, receiving, calling, exciting, admonishing, etc., when the verb is compounded with ad the prep. is not always repeated, but the constr. with the dat. or acc. employed; cf. Rudd. II. pp. 154, 175 n. (In the ante-class. per., and even in Cic., ad is generally repeated with most verbs, as, ad eos accedit, Cic. Sex. Rosc. 8:(β).ad Sullam adire,
id. ib. 25:ad se adferre,
id. Verr. 4, 50:reticulum ad naris sibi admovebat,
id. ib. 5, 27:ad laborem adhortantur,
id. de Sen. 14:T. Vectium ad se arcessit,
id. Verr. 5, 114; but the poets of the Aug. per., and the historians, esp. Tac., prefer the dative; also, when the compound verb contains merely the idea of approach, the constr. with ad and the acc. is employed; but when it designates increase, that with the dat. is more usual: accedit ad urbem, he approaches the city; but, accedit provinciae, it is added to the province.)—Ad me, te, se, for domum meam, tuam, suam (in Plaut. and Ter. very freq.):(γ).oratus sum venire ad te huc,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 1, 12: spectatores plaudite atque ite ad vos comissatum, id. Stich. fin.:eamus ad me,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64:ancillas traduce huc ad vos,
id. Heaut. 4, 4, 22:transeundumst tibi ad Menedemum,
id. 4, 4, 17: intro nos vocat ad sese, tenet intus apud se, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 86 P.:te oro, ut ad me Vibonem statim venias,
Cic. Att. 3, 3; 16, 10 al.—Ad, with the name of a deity in the gen., is elliptical for ad templum or aedem (cf.:(δ).Thespiadas, quae ad aedem Felicitatis sunt,
Cic. Verr. 4, 4; id. Phil. 2, 35:in aedem Veneris,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 120;in aedem Concordiae,
Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 21;2, 6, 12): ad Dianae,
to the temple of, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 43:ad Opis,
Cic. Att. 8, 1, 14:ad Castoris,
id. Quint. 17:ad Juturnae,
id. Clu. 101:ad Vestae,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 35 al.: cf. Rudd. II. p. 41, n. 4, and p. 334.—With verbs which denote a giving, sending, informing, submitting, etc., it is used for the simple dat. (Rudd. II. p. 175): litteras dare ad aliquem, to send or write one a letter; and: litteras dare alicui, to give a letter to one; hence Cic. never says, like Caesar and Sall., alicui scribere, which strictly means, to write for one (as a receipt, etc.), but always mittere, scribere, perscribere ad aliquem:(ε).postea ad pistores dabo,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 119:praecipe quae ad patrem vis nuntiari,
id. Capt. 2, 2, 109:in servitutem pauperem ad divitem dare,
Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 48:nam ad me Publ. Valerius scripsit,
Cic. Fam. 14, 2 med.:de meis rebus ad Lollium perscripsi,
id. ib. 5, 3:velim domum ad te scribas, ut mihi tui libri pateant,
id. Att. 4, 14; cf. id. ib. 4, 16:ad primam (sc. epistulam) tibi hoc scribo,
in answer to your first, id. ib. 3, 15, 2:ad Q. Fulvium Cons. Hirpini et Lucani dediderunt sese,
Liv. 27, 15, 1; cf. id. 28, 22, 5.—Hence the phrase: mittere or scribere librum ad aliquem, to dedicate a book to one (Greek, prosphônein):has res ad te scriptas, Luci, misimus, Aeli,
Lucil. Sat. 1, ap. Auct. Her. 4, 12:quae institueram, ad te mittam,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5: ego interea admonitu tuo perfeci sane argutulos libros ad Varronem;and soon after: mihi explices velim, maneasne in sententia, ut mittam ad eum quae scripsi,
Cic. Att. 13, 18; cf. ib. 16; Plin. 1, 19.—So in titles of books: M. Tullii Ciceronis ad Marcum Brutum Orator; M. T. Cic. ad Q. Fratrem Dialogi tres de Oratore, etc.—In the titles of odes and epigrams ad aliquem signifies to, addressed to. —With names of towns after verbs of motion, ad is used in answer to the question Whither? instead of the simple acc.; but commonly with this difference, that ad denotes to the vicinity of, the neighborhood of:(ζ).miles ad Capuam profectus sum, quintoque anno post ad Tarentum,
Cic. de Sen. 4, 10; id. Fam. 3, 81:ad Veios,
Liv. 5, 19; 14, 18; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 7; id. B. C. 3, 40 al.—Ad is regularly used when the proper name has an appellative in apposition to it:ad Cirtam oppidum iter constituunt,
Sall. J. 81, 2; so Curt. 3, 1, 22; 4, 9, 9;or when it is joined with usque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 87; id. Deiot, 7, 19.— (When an adjective is added, the simple acc. is used poet., as well as with ad:magnum iter ad doctas proficisci cogor Athenas,
Prop. 3, 21, 1; the simple acc., Ov. H. 2, 83: doctas jam nunc eat, inquit, Athenas).—With verbs which imply a hostile movement toward, or protection in respect to any thing, against = adversus:(η).nonne ad senem aliquam fabricam fingit?
Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 34:Lernaeas pugnet ad hydras,
Prop. 3, 19, 9: neque quo pacto fallam, nec quem dolum ad eum aut machinam commoliar, old poet in Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73:Belgarum copias ad se venire vidit,
Caes. B. G. 2, 5; 7, 70:ipse ad hostem vehitur,
Nep. Dat. 4, 5; id. Dion. 5, 4: Romulus ad regem impetus facit (a phrase in which in is commonly found), Liv. 1, 5, 7, and 44, 3, 10:aliquem ad hostem ducere,
Tac. A. 2, 52:clipeos ad tela protecti obiciunt,
Verg. A. 2, 443:munio me ad haec tempora,
Cic. Fam. 9, 18:ad hos omnes casus provisa erant praesidia,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65; 7, 41;so with nouns: medicamentum ad aquam intercutem,
Cic. Off. 3, 24:remedium ad tertianam,
Petr. Sat. 18:munimen ad imbris,
Verg. G. 2, 352:farina cum melle ad tussim siccam efficasissima est,
Plin. 20, 22, 89, § 243:ad muliebre ingenium efficaces preces,
Liv. 1, 9; 1, 19 (in these two passages ad may have the force of apud, Hand).—The repetition of ad to denote the direction to a place and to a person present in it is rare:b.nunc tu abi ad forum ad herum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 100; cf.:vocatis classico ad concilium militibus ad tribunos,
Liv. 5 47.—(The distinction between ad and in is given by Diom. 409 P., thus: in forum ire est in ipsum forum intrare; ad forum autem ire, in locum foro proximum; ut in tribunal et ad tribunal venire non unum est; quia ad tribunal venit litigator, in tribunal vero praetor aut judex; cf. also Sen. Ep. 73, 14, deus ad homines venit, immo, quod propius est, in homines venit.)—The terminus, with ref. to the space traversed, to, even to, with or without usque, Quint. 10, 7, 16: ingurgitavit usque ad imum gutturem, Naev. ap. Non. 207, 20 (Rib. Com. Rel. p. 30): dictator pervehitur usque ad oppidum, Naev. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 153 Mull. (B. Pun. p. 16 ed. Vahl.):3.via pejor ad usque Baii moenia,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 96; 1, 1, 97:rigidum permanat frigus ad ossa,
Lucr. 1, 355; 1, 969:cum sudor ad imos Manaret talos,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 10:ut quantum posset, agmen ad mare extenderet,
Curt. 3, 9, 10:laeva pars ad pectus est nuda,
id. 6, 5, 27 al. —Hence the Plinian expression, petere aliquid (usque) ad aliquem, to seek something everywhere, even with one:ut ad Aethiopas usque peteretur,
Plin. 36, 6, 9, § 51 (where Jan now reads ab Aethiopia); so,vestis ad Seras peti,
id. 12, 1, 1.— Trop.:si quid poscam, usque ad ravim poscam,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 5, 10:deverberasse usque ad necem,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 13;without usque: hic ad incitas redactus,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 136; 4, 2, 52; id. Poen. 4, 2, 85; illud ad incitas cum redit atque internecionem, Lucil. ap. Non. 123, 20:virgis ad necem caedi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 29, § 70; so Hor. S. 1, 2, 42; Liv. 24, 38, 9; Tac. A. 11, 37; Suet. Ner. 26; id. Dom. 8 al.Nearness or proximity in gen. = apud, near to, by, at, close by (in anteclass. per. very freq.; not rare later, esp. in the historians): pendent peniculamenta unum ad quemque pedum, trains are suspended at each foot, Enn. ap. Non. 149, 33 (Ann. v. 363 ed. Vahl.):B.ut in servitute hic ad suum maneat patrem,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 98;3, 5, 41: sol quasi flagitator astat usque ad ostium,
stands like a creditor continually at the door, id. Most. 3, 2, 81 (cf. with same force, Att. ap. Non. 522, 25;apud ipsum astas): ad foris adsistere,
Cic. Verr. 1, 66; id. Arch. 24:astiterunt ad januam,
Vulg. Act. 10, 17:non adest ad exercitum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 6; cf. ib. prol. 133:aderant ad spectaculum istud,
Vulg. Luc. 23, 48: has (testas) e fenestris in caput Deiciunt, qui prope ad ostium adspiraverunt, Lucil. ap. Non. 288, 31:et nec opinanti Mors ad caput adstitit,
Lucr. 3, 959:quod Romanis ad manum domi supplementum esset,
at hand, Liv. 9, 19, 6:haec arma habere ad manum,
Quint. 12, 5, 1:dominum esse ad villam,
Cic. Sull. 20; so id. Verr. 2, 21:errantem ad flumina,
Verg. E. 6, 64; Tib. 1, 10, 38; Plin. 7, 2, § 12; Vitr. 7, 14; 7, 12; and ellipt. (cf. supra, 2. g):pecunia utinam ad Opis maneret!
Cic. Phil. 1, 17.—Even of persons:qui primum pilum ad Caesarem duxerat (for apud),
Caes. B. G. 6, 38; so id. ib. 1, 31; 3, 9; 5, 53; 7, 5; id. B. C. 3, 60:ad inferos poenas parricidii luent,
among, Cic. Phil. 14, 13:neque segnius ad hostes bellum apparatur,
Liv. 7, 7, 4: pugna ad Trebiam, ad Trasimenum, ad Cannas, etc., for which Liv. also uses the gen.:si Trasimeni quam Trebiae, si Cannarum quam Trasimeni pugna nobilior esset, 23, 43, 4.—Sometimes used to form the name of a place, although written separately, e. g. ad Murcim,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 154:villa ad Gallinas, a villa on the Flaminian Way,
Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 37: ad urbem esse (of generals), to remain outside the city (Rome) until permission was given for a triumph:“Esse ad urbem dicebantur, qui cum potestate provinciali aut nuper e provincia revertissent, aut nondum in provinciam profecti essent... solebant autem, qui ob res in provincia gestas triumphum peterent, extra urbem exspectare, donec, lege lata, triumphantes urbem introire possent,”
Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 3, 8.—So sometimes with names of towns and verbs of rest:pons, qui erat ad Genavam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 7:ad Tibur mortem patri minatus est,
Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 10:conchas ad Caietam legunt,
id. Or. 2, 6:ad forum esse,
to be at the market, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 136; id. Most. 3, 2, 158; cf. Ter. Ph. 4, 2, 8; id. And. 1, 5, 19.—Hence, adverb., ad dextram (sc. manum, partem), ad laevam, ad sinistram, to the right, to the left, or on the right, on the left:ad dextram,
Att. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 225; Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 1; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 44; Cic. Univ. 13; Caes. B. C. 1, 69:ad laevam,
Enn. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 51; Att. ib. p. 217: ad sinistram, Ter. [p. 28] Ad. 4, 2, 43 al.:ad dextram... ad laevam,
Liv. 40, 6;and with an ordinal number: cum plebes ad tertium milliarium consedisset,
at the third milestone, Cic. Brut. 14, 54, esp. freq. with lapis:sepultus ad quintum lapidem,
Nep. Att. 22, 4; so Liv. 3, 69 al.; Tac. H. 3, 18; 4, 60 (with apud, Ann. 1, 45; 3, 45; 15, 60) al.; cf. Rudd. II. p. 287.In time, analogous to the relations given in A.1.Direction toward, i. e. approach to a definite point of time, about, toward:2.domum reductus ad vesperum,
toward evening, Cic. Lael. 3, 12:cum ad hiemem me ex Cilicia recepissem,
toward winter, id. Fam. 3, 7.—The limit or boundary to which a space of time extends, with and without usque, till, until, to, even to, up to:3.ego ad illud frugi usque et probus fui,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 53:philosophia jacuit usque ad hanc aetatem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. de Sen. 14:quid si hic manebo potius ad meridiem,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 55; so id. Men. 5, 7, 33; id. Ps. 1, 5, 116; id. As. 2, 1, 5:ad multam noctem,
Cic. de Sen. 14:Sophocles ad summam senectutem tragoedias fecit,
id. ib. 2; cf. id. Rep. 1, 1:Alexandream se proficisci velle dixit (Aratus) remque integram ad reditum suum jussit esse,
id. Off. 2, 23, 82:bestiae ex se natos amant ad quoddam tempus,
id. Lael. 8; so id. de Sen. 6; id. Somn. Sc. 1 al. —And with ab or ab-usque, to desig. the whole period of time passed away:ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,
Cic. Att. 7, 8:usque ab aurora ad hoc diei,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 8.—Coincidence with a point of time, at, on, in, by:C.praesto fuit ad horam destinatam,
at the appointed hour, Cic. Tusc. 5, 22:admonuit ut pecuniam ad diem solverent,
on the day of payment, id. Att. 16, 16 A:nostra ad diem dictam fient,
id. Fam. 16, 10, 4; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 5: ad lucem denique arte et graviter dormitare coepisse, at (not toward) daybreak, id. Div. 1, 28, 59; so id. Att. 1, 3, 2; 1, 4, 3; id. Fin. 2, 31, 103; id. Brut. 97, 313:ad id tempus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 24; Sall. J. 70, 5; Tac. A. 15, 60; Suet. Aug. 87; Domit. 17, 21 al.The relations of number.1.An approximation to a sum designated, near, near to, almost, about, toward (cf. Gr. epi, pros with acc. and the Fr. pres de, a peu pres, presque) = circiter (Hand, Turs. I. p. 102):2.ad quadraginta eam posse emi minas,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 111:nummorum Philippum ad tria milia,
id. Trin. 1, 2, 115; sometimes with quasi added:quasi ad quadraginta minas,
as it were about, id. Most. 3, 1, 95; so Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 93:sane frequentes fuimus omnino ad ducentos,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1:cum annos ad quadraginta natus esset,
id. Clu. 40, 110:ad hominum milia decem,
Caes. B. G. 1, 4:oppida numero ad duodecim, vicos ad quadringentos,
id. ib. 1, 5.—In the histt. and post-Aug. authors ad is added adverbially in this sense (contrary to Gr. usage, by which amphi, peri, and eis with numerals retain their power as prepositions): ad binum milium numero utrinque sauciis factis, Sisenn. ap. Non. 80, 4:occisis ad hominum milibus quattuor,
Caes. B. G. 2, 33:ad duorum milium numero ceciderunt,
id. B. C. 3, 53:ad duo milia et trecenti occisi,
Liv. 10, 17, 8; so id. 27, 12, 16; Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Rudd. II. p. 334.—The terminus, the limit, to, unto, even to, a designated number (rare):D.ranam luridam conicere in aquam usque quo ad tertiam partem decoxeris,
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 26; cf. App. Herb. 41:aedem Junonis ad partem dimidiam detegit,
even to the half, Liv. 42, 3, 2:miles (viaticum) ad assem perdiderat,
to a farthing, to the last farthing, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 27; Plin. Ep. 1, 15:quid ad denarium solveretur,
Cic. Quint. 4.—The phrase omnes ad unum or ad unum omnes, or simply ad unum, means lit. all to one, i. e. all together, all without exception; Gr. hoi kath hena pantes (therefore the gender of unum is changed according to that of omnes): praetor omnes extra castra, ut stercus, foras ejecit ad unum, Lucil. ap. Non. 394, 22:de amicitia omnes ad unum idem sentiunt,
Cic. Lael. 23:ad unum omnes cum ipso duce occisi sunt,
Curt. 4, 1, 22 al.:naves Rhodias afflixit ita, ut ad unam omnes constratae eliderentur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 27; onerariae omnes ad unam a nobis sunt exceptae, Cic. Fam. 12, 14 (cf. in Gr. hoi kath hena; in Hebr., Exod. 14, 28).— Ad unum without omnes:ego eam sententiam dixi, cui sunt assensi ad unum,
Cic. Fam. 10, 16:Juppiter omnipotens si nondum exosus ad unum Trojanos,
Verg. A. 5, 687.In the manifold relations of one object to another.1.That in respect of or in regard to which a thing avails, happens, or is true or important, with regard to, in respect of, in relation to, as to, to, in.a.With verbs:b.ad omnia alia aetate sapimus rectius,
in respect to all other things we grow wiser by age, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 45:numquam ita quisquam bene ad vitam fuat,
id. ib. 5, 4, 1:nil ibi libatum de toto corpore (mortui) cernas ad speciem, nil ad pondus,
that nothing is lost in form or weight, Lucr. 3, 214; cf. id. 5, 570; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 58; id. Mur. 13, 29: illi regi Cyro subest, ad immutandi animi licentiam, crudelissimus ille Phalaris, in that Cyrus, in regard to the liberty of changing his disposition (i. e. not in reality, but inasmuch as he is at liberty to lay aside his good character, and assume that of a tyrant), there is concealed another cruel Phalaris, Cic. Rep. 1, 28:nil est ad nos,
is nothing to us, concerns us not, Lucr. 3, 830; 3, 845:nil ad me attinet,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 54:nihil ad rem pertinet,
Cic. Caecin. 58;and in the same sense elliptically: nihil ad Epicurum,
id. Fin. 1, 2, 5; id. Pis. 68:Quid ad praetorem?
id. Verr. 1, 116 (this usage is not to be confounded with that under 4.).—With adjectives:c.ad has res perspicax,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 129:virum ad cetera egregium,
Liv. 37, 7, 15:auxiliaribus ad pugnam non multum Crassus confidebat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 25:ejus frater aliquantum ad rem est avidior,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51; cf. id. And. 1, 2, 21; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 129:ut sit potior, qui prior ad dandum est,
id. Phorm. 3, 2, 48:difficilis (res) ad credendum,
Lucr. 2, 1027:ad rationem sollertiamque praestantior,
Cic. N. D. 2, 62; so id. Leg. 2, 13, 33; id. Fin. 2, 20, 63; id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; id. Font. 15; id. Cat. 1, 5, 12; id. de Or. 1, 25, 113; 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 200; id. Fam. 3, 1, 1; Liv. 9, 16, 13; Tac. A. 12, 54 al.—With nouns:d.prius quam tuum, ut sese habeat, animum ad nuptias perspexerit,
before he knew your feeling in regard to the marriage, Ter. And. 2, 3, 4 (cf. Gr. hopôs echei tis pros ti):mentis ad omnia caecitas,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:magna vis est fortunae in utramque partem vel ad secundas res vel ad adversas,
id. Off. 2, 6; so id. Par. 1:ad cetera paene gemelli,
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 3.—So with acc. of gerund instead of the gen. from the same vb.:facultas ad scribendum, instead of scribendi,
Cic. Font. 6;facultas ad agendum,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 1, 2: cf. Rudd. II. p. 245.—In gramm.: nomina ad aliquid dicta, nouns used in relation to something, i. e. which derive their significance from their relation to another object: quae non possunt intellegi sola, ut pater, mater;2.jungunt enim sibi et illa propter quae intelleguntur,
Charis. 129 P.; cf. Prisc. 580 ib.—With words denoting measure, weight, manner, model, rule, etc., both prop. and fig., according to, agreeably to, after (Gr. kata, pros):3.columnas ad perpendiculum exigere,
Cic. Mur. 77:taleis ferreis ad certum pondus examinatis,
Caes. B. G. 5, 12: facta sunt ad certam formam. Lucr. 2, 379:ad amussim non est numerus,
Varr. 2, 1, 26:ad imaginem facere,
Vulg. Gen. 1, 26:ad cursus lunae describit annum,
Liv. 1, 19:omnia ad diem facta sunt,
Caes. B. G. 2, 5:Id ad similitudinem panis efficiebant,
id. B. C. 3, 48; Vulg. Gen. 1, 26; id. Jac. 3, 9:ad aequos flexus,
at equal angles, Lucr. 4, 323: quasi ad tornum levantur, to or by the lathe, id. 4, 361:turres ad altitudiem valli,
Caes. B. G. 5, 42; Liv. 39, 6:ad eandem crassitudinem structi,
id. 44, 11:ad speciem cancellorum scenicorum,
with the appearance of, like, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 8:stagnum maris instar, circumseptum aedificiis ad urbium speciem,
Suet. Ner. 31:lascivum pecus ludens ad cantum,
Liv. Andron. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 1:canere ad tibiam,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 2: canere ad tibicinem, id. ib. 1, 2 (cf.:in numerum ludere,
Verg. E. 6, 28; id. G. 4, 175):quod ad Aristophanis lucernam lucubravi,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 9 Mull.: carmen castigare ad unguem, to perfection (v. unguis), Hor. A. P. 294:ad unguem factus homo,
a perfect gentleman, id. S. 1, 5, 32 (cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 86):ad istorum normam sapientes,
Cic. Lael. 5, 18; id. Mur. 3:Cyrus non ad historiae fidem scriptus, sed ad effigiem justi imperii,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:exercemur in venando ad similitudinem bellicae disciplinae,
id. N. D. 2, 64, 161: so,ad simulacrum,
Liv. 40, 6:ad Punica ingenia,
id. 21, 22:ad L. Crassi eloquentiam,
Cic. Var. Fragm. 8:omnia fient ad verum,
Juv. 6, 324:quid aut ad naturam aut contra sit,
Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:ad hunc modum institutus est,
id. Tusc. 2, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 31; 3, 13:ad eundem istunc modum,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 70:quem ad modum, q. v.: ad istam faciem est morbus, qui me macerat,
of that kind, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 73; id. Merc. 2, 3, 90; cf.91: cujus ad arbitrium copia materiai cogitur,
Lucr. 2, 281:ad eorum arbitrium et nutum totos se fingunt,
to their will and pleasure, Cic. Or. 8, 24; id. Quint. 71:ad P. Lentuli auctoritatem Roma contendit,
id. Rab. Post. 21:aliae sunt legati partes, aliae imperatoris: alter omnia agere ad praescriptum, alter libere ad summam rerum consulere debet,
Caes. B. C. 3, 51:rebus ad voluntatem nostram fluentibus,
Cic. Off. 1, 26:rem ad illorum libidinem judicarunt,
id. Font. 36:ad vulgi opinionem,
id. Off. 3, 21.—So in later Lat. with instar:ad instar castrorum,
Just. 36, 3, 2:scoparum,
App. M. 9, p. 232:speculi,
id. ib. 2, p. 118: ad hoc instar mundi, id. de Mundo, p. 72.—Sometimes, but very rarely, ad is used absol. in this sense (so also very rarely kata with acc., Xen. Hell. 2, 3; Luc. Dial. Deor. 8): convertier ad nos, as we (are turned), Lucr. 4, 317:ad navis feratur,
like ships, id. 4, 897 Munro. —With noun:ad specus angustiac vallium,
like caves, Caes. B. C. 3, 49.—Hence,With an object which is the cause or reason, in conformity to which, from which, or for which, any thing is or is done.a.The moving cause, according to, at, on, in consequence of:b.cetera pars animae paret et ad numen mentis momenque movetur,
Lucr. 3, 144:ad horum preces in Boeotiam duxit,
on their entreaty, Liv. 42, 67, 12: ad ea Caesar veniam ipsique et conjugi et fratribus tribuit, in consequence of or upon this, he, etc., Tac. Ann. 12, 37.—The final cause, or the object, end, or aim, for the attainment of which any thing,(α).is done,(β).is designed, or,(γ). (α).Seque ad ludos jam inde abhinc exerceant, Pac. ap. Charis. p. 175 P. (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 80):(β).venimus coctum ad nuptias,
in order to cook for the wedding, Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 15:omnis ad perniciem instructa domus,
id. Bacch. 3, 1, 6; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 41; Liv. 1, 54:cum fingis falsas causas ad discordiam,
in order to produce dissension, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 71:quantam fenestram ad nequitiam patefeceris,
id. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:utrum ille, qui postulat legatum ad tantum bellum, quem velit, idoneus non est, qui impetret, cum ceteri ad expilandos socios diripiendasque provincias, quos voluerunt, legatos eduxerint,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57:ego vitam quoad putabo tua interesse, aut ad spem servandam esse, retinebo,
for hope, id. Q. Fr. 1, 4; id. Fam. 5, 17:haec juventutem, ubi familiares opes defecerant, ad facinora incendebant,
Sall. C. 13, 4:ad speciem atque ad usurpationem vetustatis,
Cic. Agr. 2, 12, 31; Suet. Caes. 67:paucis ad speciem tabernaculis relictis,
for appearance, Caes. B. C. 2, 35; so id. ib. 2, 41; id. B. G. 1, 51.—Aut equos alere aut canes ad venandum. Ter. And. 1, 1, 30:(γ).ingenio egregie ad miseriam natus sum,
id. Heaut. 3, 1, 11;(in the same sense: in rem,
Hor. C. 1, 27, 1, and the dat., Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 6):ad cursum equum, ad arandum bovem, ad indagandum canem,
Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 40:ad frena leones,
Verg. A. 10, 253:delecto ad naves milite,
marines, Liv. 22, 19 Weissenb.:servos ad remum,
rowers, id. 34, 6; and:servos ad militiam emendos,
id. 22, 61, 2:comparasti ad lecticam homines,
Cat. 10, 16:Lygdamus ad cyathos,
Prop. 4, 8, 37; cf.:puer ad cyathum statuetur,
Hor. C. 1, 29, 8.—Quae oportet Signa esse [p. 29] ad salutem, omnia huic osse video, everything indicative of prosperity I see in him, Ter. And. 3, 2, 2:4.haec sunt ad virtutem omnia,
id. Heaut. 1, 2, 33:causa ad objurgandum,
id. And. 1, 1, 123:argumentum ad scribendum,
Cic. Att. 9, 7 (in both examples instead of the gen. of gerund., cf. Rudd. II. p. 245):vinum murteum est ad alvum crudam,
Cato R. R. 125:nulla res tantum ad dicendum proficit, quantum scriptio,
Cic. Brut. 24:reliquis rebus, quae sunt ad incendia,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101 al. —So with the adjectives idoneus, utilis, aptus, instead of the dat.:homines ad hanc rem idoneos,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 6:calcei habiles et apti ad pedem,
Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 231:orator aptus tamen ad dicendum,
id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5:sus est ad vescendum hominibus apta,
id. N. D. 2, 64, 160:homo ad nullam rem utilis,
id. Off. 3, 6:ad segetes ingeniosus ager,
Ov. F. 4, 684.—(Upon the connection of ad with the gerund. v. Zumpt, § 666; Rudd. II. p. 261.)—Comparison (since that with which a thing is compared is considered as an object to which the thing compared is brought near for the sake of comparison), to, compared to or with, in comparison with:E.ad sapientiam hujus ille (Thales) nimius nugator fuit,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 25; id. Trin. 3, 2, 100:ne comparandus hic quidem ad illum'st,
Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 14; 2, 3, 69:terra ad universi caeli complexum,
compared with the whole extent of the heavens, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:homini non ad cetera Punica ingenia callido,
Liv. 22, 22, 15:at nihil ad nostram hanc,
nothing in comparison with, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 70; so Cic. Deiot. 8, 24; and id. de Or. 2, 6, 25.Adverbial phrases with ad.1.Ad omnia, withal, to crown all:2.ingentem vim peditum equitumque venire: ex India elephantos: ad omnia tantum advehi auri, etc.,
Liv. 35, 32, 4.—Ad hoc and ad haec (in the historians, esp. from the time of Livy, and in authors after the Aug. per.), = praeterea, insuper, moreover, besides, in addition, epi toutois:3.nam quicumque impudicus, adulter, ganeo, etc.: praeterea omnes undique parricidae, etc.: ad hoc, quos manus atque lingua perjurio aut sanguine civili alebat: postremo omnes, quos, etc.,
Sall. C. 14, 2 and 3:his opinionibus inflato animo, ad hoc vitio quoque ingenii vehemens,
Liv. 6, 11, 6; 42, 1, 1; Tac. H. 1, 6; Suet. Aug. 22 al.—Ad id quod, beside that (very rare):4.ad id quod sua sponte satis conlectum animorum erat, indignitate etiam Romani accendebantur,
Liv. 3, 62, 1; so 44, 37, 12.—Ad tempus.a.At a definite, fixed time, Cic. Att. 13, 45; Liv. 38, 25, 3.—b.At a fit, appropriate time, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 141; Liv. 1, 7, 13.—c.For some time, for a short time, Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27; id. Lael. 15, 53; Liv. 21, 25, 14.—d.According to circumstances, Cic. Planc. 30, 74; id. Cael. 6, 13; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9.—5.Ad praesens (for the most part only in post-Aug. writers).a.For the moment, for a short time, Cic. Fam. 12, 8; Plin. 8, 22, 34; Tac. A. 4, 21.—b.At present, now, Tac. A. 16, 5; id. H. 1, 44.—So, ad praesentiam, Tac. A. 11, 8.—6.Ad locum, on the spot:7.ut ad locum miles esset paratus,
Liv. 27, 27, 2.—Ad verbum, word for word, literally, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; id. de Or. 1, 34, 157; id. Ac. 2, 44, 135 al.—8.Ad summam.a. b. 9.Ad extremum, ad ultimum, ad postremum.a. (α).Of place, at the extremity, extreme point, top, etc.:(β).missile telum hastili abiegno et cetera tereti, praeterquam ad extremum, unde ferrum exstabat,
Liv. 21, 8, 10.—Of time = telos de, at last, finally:(γ).ibi ad postremum cedit miles,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 52; so id. Poen. 4, 2, 22; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89; id. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Caes. B. G. 7, 53; Liv. 30, 15, 4 al.— Hence,of order, finally, lastly, = denique: inventa componere; tum ornare oratione; post memoria sepire;b.ad extremum agere cum dignitate,
Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142.—In Liv., to the last degree, quite: improbus homo, sed non ad extremum perditus, 23, 2, 3; cf.:10.consilii scelerati, sed non ad ultimum dementis,
id. 28, 28, 8.—Quem ad finem? To what limit? How far? Cic. Cat. 1, 1; id. Verr. 5, 75.—11.Quem ad modum, v. sub h. v.► a.Ad (v. ab, ex, in, etc.) is not repeated like some other prepositions with interrog. and relative pronouns, after nouns or demonstrative pronouns:b.traducis cogitationes meas ad voluptates. Quas? corporis credo,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 37 (ubi v. Kuhner).—Ad is sometimes placed after its substantive:c.quam ad,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 39:senatus, quos ad soleret, referendum censuit,
Cic. N. D. 2, 4:ripam ad Araxis,
Tac. Ann. 12, 51;or between subst. and adj.: augendam ad invidiam,
id. ib. 12, 8.—The compound adque for et ad (like exque, eque, and, poet., aque) is denied by Moser, Cic. Rep. 2, 15, p. 248, and he reads instead of ad humanitatem adque mansuetudinem of the MSS., hum. atque mans. But adque, in acc. with later usage, is restored by Hand in App. M. 10, p. 247, adque haec omnia oboediebam for atque; and in Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 9, utroque vorsum rectum'st ingenium meum, ad se adque illum, is now read, ad te atque ad illum (Fleck., Brix).II.In composition.A.Form. According to the usual orthography, the d of the ad remains unchanged before vowels, and before b, d, h, m, v: adbibo, adduco, adhibeo, admoveo, advenio; it is assimilated to c, f, g, l, n, p, r, s, t: accipio, affigo, aggero, allabor, annumero, appello, arripio, assumo, attineo; before g and s it sometimes disappears: agnosco, aspicio, asto: and before qu it passes into c: acquiro, acquiesco.—But later philologists, supported by old inscriptions and good MSS., have mostly adopted the following forms: ad before j, h, b, d, f, m, n, q, v; ac before c, sometimes, but less well, before q; ag and also ad before g; a before gn, sp, sc, st; ad and also al before l; ad rather than an before n; ap and sometimes ad before p; ad and also ar before r; ad and also as before s; at and sometimes ad before t. In this work the old orthography has commonly been retained for the sake of convenient reference, but the better form in any case is indicated.—B.Signif. In English up often denotes approach, and in many instances will give the force of ad as a prefix both in its local and in its figurative sense.1.Local.a. b.At, by: astare, adesse.—c. d.Up (cf. de- = down, as in deicio, decido): attollo, ascendo, adsurgo.—2.Fig.a.To: adjudico, adsentior.—b.At or on: admiror, adludo.—c.Denoting conformity to, or comparison with: affiguro, adaequo.—d.Denoting addition, increase (cf. ab, de, and ex as prefixes to denote privation): addoceo, adposco.—e.Hence, denoting intensity: adamo, adimpleo, aduro, and perhaps agnosco.—f.Denoting the coming to an act or state, and hence commencement: addubito, addormio, adquiesco, adlubesco, advesperascit. See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 74-134. -
17 adjicio
ad-jĭcĭo (better adicio), jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. [jacio], to throw or cast a thing to, to put or place at or near. —Constr.: aliquid alicui rei.I.In gen.:B.rogum bustumve novum vetat propius sexaginta pedes adici aedes alienas,
to place nearer than, Cic. Leg. 2, 24:hordei numero ad summam tritici adjecto,
id. Verr. 3, 188:adjectoque cavae supplentur sanguine venae,
Ov. M. 7, 291; so ib. 266; 14, 276.— More freq. trop.: quo ne imprudentiam quidem oculorum adici fas fuit, to turn the eyes pryingly to, to direct the sight to, etc., Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 36:Parthus adjecit Armeniae manum,
Vell. 2, 100:album calculum errori,
to approve, Plin. Ep. 1, 2. —With in:virus in anguīs,
Ov. A. A. 3, 7:telum ex locis superioribus in litus,
to throw, to hurl, Caes. B. G. 4, 23, 3.—Transf. to mental objects, to turn or direct the mind, eye, etc., to, to fasten them upon something.—With dat. or ad:II.qui amabilitati animum adiceret,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 1:animum militi,
id. Mil. 3, 3, 34:ad virginem animum adjecit,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 63:cum ad omnia vestra pauci homines cupiditatis oculos adjecissent,
Cic. Agr. 2, 10:plane videbant adjectum esse oculum hereditati,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 37 (diff. from adicere oculos, cited above):adjecit animum ad consilium,
Liv. 25, 37:novo etiam consilio animum adjecit,
id. 28, 33.—Esp.A.To add or apply to a thing by way of increase, to increase, = prostithenai (cf. addo).— Lit. and trop.; constr. with ad or dat.:B.ad bellicam laudem ingenii gloriam,
Cic. Off. 1, 32:decus alicui,
Vell. 2, 36:aliquantum ea res duci famae et auctoritatis adjecit,
Liv. 44, 33: so id. 10, 7; 24, 5; Tac. Agr. 26; Suet. Oth. 11; id. Tib. 67; id. Calig. 15; id. Caes. 38 al.:morem ritusque sacrorum adiciam,
Verg. A. 12, 837:adjecere bonae paulo plus artis Athenac,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 43; so Ov. M. 10, 656; id. P. l, 8, 56; Vulg. Matt. 6, 27 and 33; also to add a new thought to what has preceded (cf.: addo, accedo, advenio; hence, like addo, in the sing., though several persons are addressed):huc natas adice septem,
Ov. M. 6, 182.—Of a speaker, to add to what has already been said. —Constr. with acc. and inf. (only in Vell. and in the histt. after the Aug. per.):C.adiciens numquam defuturos raprores Italicae libertatis lupos,
Vell. 2, 27, 2; so,adjecerat Tiberius non id tempus censurae nec defuturum corrigendi auctorem,
Tac. A. 2, 33:adjecit in domo ejus venenum esse,
id. ib. 4, 21.—Rarely followed by orat. directa:cum dixisset... adjecissetque: Si quid huic acciderit, etc.,
Vell. 2, 32, 1.—With ut and subj., Liv. 2, 27.—In anctions, t. t., to add to a bid, to out-bid: liciti sunt usque adeo, quoad se efficere posse arbitrabantur;D.super adjecit Aeschrio,
bid on, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33, § 77 B. and K.; but cf. Zumpt ad h. l.; Dig. 18, 2, 19.—In gen., in the Vulg. by Hebraism (cf.), to add to do, to do further: adjecit Dominus loqui, the Lord furthermore spake, Isa. 7, 10:non adiciet, ut resurgat,
ib. 24, 20:adiciens dixit parabolam,
ib. Luc. 19, 11. -
18 adsequor
as-sĕquor ( ads-, Fleck., B. and K., Halm), sĕcūtus (or sĕquutus; v. sequor), 3, v. dep., to follow one in order to come up to him, to pursue.I.A.. In gen. (only ante-class. in the two foll. exs.): ne sequere, adsequere, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 73 Müll.:B.Adsequere, retine,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 89.—Far more freq.,Esp., to reach one by pursuing him:II.sequendo pervenire ad aliquem: nec quicquam sequi, quod adsequi non queas,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—Hence, to overtake, come up with a person or thing (with the idea of active exertion; while consequi designates merely a coming up with, a meeting with a desired object, the attainment of a wish; cf. Doed. Syn. III. p. 147 sq. According to gen. usage, adsequor is found only in prose;but consequor is freq. found in the poets): si es Romae jam me adsequi non potes, sin es in viā, cum eris me adsecutus, coram agemus,
Cic. Att. 3, 5; [p. 178] poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, 94:Pisonem nuntius adsequitur,
Tac. A. 2, 75.—In the histt. also absol.:ut si viā rectā vestigia sequentes īssent, haud dubie adsecuturi fuerint,
Liv. 28, 16:in Bruttios raptim, ne Gracchus adsequeretur, concessit,
id. 24, 20:nondum adsecutā parte suorum,
arrived, id. 33, 8; Tac. H. 3, 60.—Trop.A.To gain, obtain, procure:B.eosdem honorum gradus adsecuti,
Cic. Planc. 25, 60:immortalitatem,
id. ib. 37, 90:omnes magistratus sine repulsā,
id. Pis. 1, 2; so Sall. J. 4, 4:regnum,
Curt. 4, 6 al.:nihil quicquam egregium,
Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 134; id. Verr. 2, 1, 57:quā in re nihil aliud adsequeris, nisi ut, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 34, 96:adsecutas virtute, ne, etc.,
Just. 2, 4.—To attain to one in any quality, i. e. to come up to, to equal, match; more freq. in regard to the quality itself, to attain to:III.Sisenna Clitarchum velle imitari videtur: quem si adsequi posset, aliquantum ab optimo tamen abesset,
Cic. Leg. 1, 2 fin.:benevolentiam tuam erga me imitabor, merita non adsequar,
id. Fam. 6, 4 fin.; so id. ib. 1, 4 fin.:qui illorum prudentiam, non dicam adsequi, sed quanta fuerit perspicere possint,
id. Har. Resp. 9, 18:ingenium alicujus aliquā ex parte,
Plin. Ep. 4, 8, 5: ut longitudo aut plenitudo harum multitudinem alterius adsequatur et exaequet, Auct. ad Her. 4, 20.—Transf. to mental objects, to attain to by an effort of the under standing, to comprehend, understand:ut essent, qui cogitationem adsequi possent et voluntatem interpretari,
Cic. Inv. 2, 47, 139:quibus (ratione et intellegentiā) utimur ad eam rem, ut apertis obscura adsequamur,
id. N. D. 3, 15, 38:ut scribas ad me, quid ipse conjecturā adsequare,
id. Att. 7, 13 A fin.:Quis tot ludibria fortunae... aut animo adsequi queat aut oratione complecti?
Curt. 4, 16, 10; Sex. Caecil. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 5:quid istuc sit, videor ferme adsequi,
Gell. 3, 1, 3:visum est et mihi adsecuto omnia a principio diligenter ex ordine tibi scribere,
Vulg. Luc. 1, 3:adsecutus es meam doctrinam,
ib. 2 Tim. 3, 10; ib. 1 Tim. 4, 6.► Pass. acc. to Prisc. p. 791 P., but without an example; in Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 73 fin., instead of the earlier reading, it is better to read, ut haec diligentia nihil eorum investigare, nihil adsequi potuerit; cf. Zumpt ad h. l., and Gronov. Observ. 1, 12, 107; so also B. and K. -
19 adsumo
as-sūmo ( ads-, Lachm., Halm, B. and K., Weissenb., K. and H.; ass-, Merk.), mpsi, mptum, 3, v. a., to take to or with one's self, to take up, receive, adopt, accept, take.I.In gen.A.Lit.:B.Plura sibi adsumunt quam de se corpora mittunt,
Lucr. 2, 1124:cibus atque umor membris adsumitur intus,
id. 4, 1091;so of nourishment,
Cels. 1, 3; 5, 27, n. 17; Scrib. Comp. 200:numquam committet, ut id, quod alteri detraxerit, sibi adsumat,
Cic. Off. 3, 5, 23:sacra Cereris adsumpta de Graeciā,
id. Balb. 24, 55:socius et administer omnium consiliorum adsumitur Scaurus,
Sall. J. 29, 2:eos in societatem consilii avunculi adsumunt,
Liv. 2, 4, 2:adulescentes conscii adsumpti,
id. ib.:in societatem armorum,
id. 2, 22; so,in consilium,
Plin. Ep. 3, 19; id. Pan. 8:in consortium,
id. Ep. 7, 3:nec decet aliter filium adsumi, si adsumatur a principe,
i. e. is adopted, id. ib. 7, 4;8, 3: uxorem,
id. ib. 83, 4:si rursum (uxor) adsumeretur,
Tac. A. 12, 2:adsumptis duobus filiis ire perrexit,
Vulg. Gen. 48, 1; ib. 2 Par. 23, 20:Tunc adsumpsit eum Diabolus,
ib. Matt. 4, 5:adsumit Jesus Petrum,
ib. Marc. 9, 1:quem (arietem) adsumens obtulit holocaustum pro filio,
ib. Gen. 22, 13; ib. Lev. 14, 10 et saep.:in familiam nomenque,
Tac. A. 1, 8 et saepe: cautum dignos adsumere, to take or choose as friends only those worthy of you, Hor. S. 1, 6, 51:adsumpsit Jesus duodecim, i. e. as his disciples,
Vulg. Luc. 18, 31. —So of the assumption of our Lord to heaven: Dominus Jesus adsumptus est in caelum, Vulg. Marc. 16, 9; ib. Act. 1, 2.—Trop.:II.libero tempore, omnis voluptas adsumenda est, omnis dolor repellendus,
Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 33:laudem sibi ex aliquā re,
id. Mur. 14, 31:ut acer equus pugnae adsumit amorem,
Ov. M. 3, 705:omne quod sumatur in oratione, aut ex suā sumi vi atque naturā aut adsumi foris,
Cic. de Or. 2, 39, 163:alii (loci) adsumuntur extrinsecus,
id. Top. 2, 8; id. Planc. 23, 56 Wund.:orator tractationem orationis sibi adsumet,
id. de Or. 1, 12, 54.—Also, like arrogare, to usurp, to claim, assume, arrogate:neque mihi quicquam assumpsi neque hodie adsumo,
Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 17; Auct. ad Her. 1, 1:cogam Assumptumque patrem commentaque sacra fateri,
Ov. M. 3, 558.—Of discourse, to take up, begin (eccl. Lat., after the Hebrew):At ille adsumptā parabolā suā ait,
Vulg. Num. 23, 18; 23, 7; ib. Job, 27, 1; 29, 1.—Esp.,A.Sometimes, like accipio, without the idea of action, to receive, obtain:B.fetus Melliferarum apium sine membris corpora nasci, Et serosque pedes serasque assumere pennas,
Ov. M. 15, 384:Qui sperant in Domino, adsument pennas sicut aquilae,
Vulg. Isa. 40, 31:a ventis alimenta adsumere,
Ov. M. 7, 79:illas assumere robora gentes,
id. ib. 15, 421.—To take in addition to, to add to:C.si quis aliam quoque artem sibi adsumpserit,
Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 217; 1, 37, 170:aliquantum jam etiam noctis adsumo,
id. Fam. 7, 23 fin.:ne qui postea adsumerentur,
Liv. 21, 19:Butram tibi Septiciumque et Sabinum adsumam,
Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 28.—In logic, t. t., to add or join to a syllogism the minor proposition: Ea (propositio vera ac perspicua) est hujus modi: Si quo die Romae ista caedes facta est, ego Athenis eo die fui, in caede interesse non potui. Hoc quia perspicue verum est, nihil attinet approbari; quā re adsumi statim oportet hoc modo: fui autem Athenis eo die, Cic. Inv. 1, 36, 63; id. Div. 2, 51, 106; 2, 53, 108.—D.In gram.: adsumpta verba.a.Epithets, epitheta, Cic. Part. Or. 7. —b.Figurative expressions, tropes, Quint. 10, 1, 121. -
20 adtero
at-tĕro ( adt-, Dietsch), trīvi, trītum, 3, v. a. ( perf. inf. atteruisse, Tib. 1, 4, 48; cf. Vell. Long. p. 2234 P.), to rub one thing against another; hence, in gen., to rub away, wear out or diminish by rubbing, to waste, wear away, weaken, impair, exhaust.I.Lit. (most freq. after the Aug. per.; in Cic. only once as P. a.; v. infra): insons Cerberus leniter atterens caudam, rubbing against or upon (sc. Herculi), * Hor. C. 2, 19, 30:II.asinus spinetis se scabendi causā atterens,
Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 204: aures, * Plaut. Pers. 4, 9, 11 (cf. antestor):bucula surgentes atterat herbas,
tramples upon, Verg. G. 4, 12:opere insuetas atteruisse manus,
Tib. 1, 4, 48; so Prop. 5, 3, 24, and Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 158; so,dentes usu atteruntur,
id. 7, 16, 15, § 70:attrivit sedentis pedem,
Vulg. Num. 22, 25:vestem,
Dig. 23, 3, 10; Col. 11, 2, 16;Cels. praef.: vestimenta,
Vulg. Deut. 29, 5; ib. Isa. 51, 6.— Poet., of sand worn by the water flowing over it:attritas versabat rivus harenas,
Ov. M. 2, 456.—Trop., to destroy, waste, weaken, impair:A.postquam utrimque legiones item classes saepe fusae fugataeque et alteri alteros aliquantum adtriverant,
Sall. J. 79, 4:magna pars (exercitūs) temeritate ducum adtrita est,
id. ib. 85, 46:Italiae opes bello,
id. ib. 5, 4; so Tac. H. 1, 10; 1, 89; 2, 56; Curt. 4, 6 fin.; cf. Sil. 2, 392 Drak.:nec publicanus atterit (Germanos),
exhausts, drains, Tac. G. 29:famam atque pudorem,
Sall. C. 16, 2:et vincere inglorium et atteri sordidum arbitrabatur,
and to suffer injury in his dignity, Tac. Agr. 9 Rupert.:eo tempore, quo praecipue alenda ingenia atque indulgentiā quādam enutrienda sunt, asperiorum tractatu rerum atteruntur,
are enfeebled, Quint. 8, prooem. 4:filii ejus atterentur egestate,
Vulg. Job, 20, 10:Nec res atteritur longo sufflamine litis,
Juv. 16, 50.— Hence, attrītus, a, um, P. a., rubbed off, worn off or away, wasted.Lit.1.In gen.: ut rictum ejus (simulacri) ac mentum paulo sit attritius, * Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43:2.ansa,
Verg. E. 6, 17:vomer,
worn bright, id. G. 1, 46; cf. Juv. 8, 16 Rupert.:caelaturae,
Plin. 33, 12, 55, § 157; Petr. 109, 9.—In medicine, attritae partes or subst. attrita, ōrum, n. (sc. membra), bruised, excoriated parts of the body:B.medetur et attritis partibus sive oleo etc.,
Plin. 24, 7, 28, § 43:attritis medetur cinis muris silvatici etc.,
id. 30, 8, 22, § 70.—Trop.: attrita frons, a shameless, impudent face (lit. a smooth face, to which shame no longer clings; cf. perfrico), Juv. 13, 242 Rupert.; so,domus Israël attritā fronte,
Vulg. Ezech. 3, 7.— Sup. and adv. not used.
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