a+pain+in+the+leg

1) (to talk or write (about something); to mention: He doesn't like anyone referring to his wooden leg; I referred to your theories in my last book.) vise til, nevne

2) (to relate to, concern, or apply to: My remarks refer to your last letter.) (hen)vise til, angå, vedrøre

3) (to send or pass on to someone else for discussion, information, a decision etc: The case was referred to a higher law-court; I'll refer you to the managing director.) henvise til

4) (to look for information (in something): If I'm not sure how to spell a word, I refer to a dictionary.) slå opp i, se etter

•

- referee

- reference

verb \/rɪˈfɜː\/

1) henvise, remittere

• refer a patient to a specialist

2) henvise noen til, sende\/dirigere noen til, råde noen til å vende seg til, gi noen henvisning til

• refer a bill to a committee

• the matters was referred to the United Nations

3) henføre, regne med blant, plassere

• organisms which some scientists refer to animals, some refer to plants

• historians refer the fall of Rome to 410 A.D.

4) tilskrive, legge skylden på

• he referred his success to the good training he had had

• they referred the famine to the Civil War

5) angå, vedrøre

• this decision refers to me alone

6) overføre til

• the pain in the shoulder may be referred to the rest of the back

7) (skolevesen, om prøve) stryke

• be referred in a subject

above referred to ovennevnt, tidligere nevnt

refer to henvise til, referere til, påberope (seg på), appellere til, vende seg til

• refer to a book

• referring to your letter

• refer to one's watch

sikte til, referere seg til, med hensyn til hentyde til, tilsikte, mene, antyde, omtale

• are you referring to me?

referred pain ( medisin) overført smerte

small of the back.

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la región lumbar

the región lumbar

1. verb

1) (of people) to jump on one leg:

2) (of certain small birds, animals and insects) to jump on both or all legs:

3) to jump:

4) ( with in(to), ～out (of) ) to get into or out of a car etc:

2. noun

1) a short jump on one leg.

2) (of certain small birds, animals and insects) a short jump on both or all legs:

1) no pl. (uneasiness of body) Beschwerden Pl.

2) no pl. (uneasiness of mind) Unbehagen, das

3) (hardship) Unannehmlichkeit, die

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1) (the state of being uncomfortable; pain: Her broken leg caused her great discomfort.) das Unbehagen

2) (something that causes lack of comfort: the discomforts of living in a tent.) die Unbequemlichkeit

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[dɪˈskʌm(p)fət, AM -fɚt]

1. no pl (slight pain) leichter Schmerz, Beschwerden pl (in mit + dat)

2. no pl (mental uneasiness) Unbehagen nt

3. (inconvenience) Unannehmlichkeit f

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n (lit)

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discomfort [dısˈkʌmfə(r)t]

A s

1. Unannehmlichkeit f, Verdruss m

2. Unbehagen n

3. (körperliche) Beschwerde

4. Sorge f, Qual f

B v/t

1. jemandem Unbehagen verursachen, unbehaglich sein

2. beunruhigen, quälen

* * *

1) no pl. (uneasiness of body) Beschwerden Pl.

2) no pl. (uneasiness of mind) Unbehagen, das

3) (hardship) Unannehmlichkeit, die

* * *

Unbehagen n.

Unbehaglichkeit f.

calf.

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► nombre femenino

1 calf

* * *

* * *

1) (Anat) calf

2) And (=vanidad) vanity

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femenino calf

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= calf.

Ex. Sooner or later almost all runners experience pain in the calf or shin.

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femenino calf

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[ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ]

calf

* * *

* * *

pantorrilla nf

calf

* * *

f ANAT calf

* * *

pantorrilla nf

: calf (of the leg)

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pantorrilla n calf [pl. calves]

- głowa mnie pobolewa (trochę boli) I have a slight headache; (boli z przerwami) I get intermittent headaches a. the occasional headache

- pobolewanie w dole brzucha (słaby ból) a slight pain in the lower stomach; (powtarzający się ból) a nagging pain in the lower stomach

- trochę mnie pobolewa w nodze my leg hurts a bit

* * *

a negative suffix to verbs, not;

era útmakligt, at it is not unmeet that.

* * *

á, prep., often used elliptically, or even adverbially, [Goth. ana; Engl. on; Germ. an. In the Scandinavian idioms the liquid n is absorbed. In English the same has been supposed to happen in adverbial phrases, e. g. ‘along, away, abroad, afoot, again, agate, ahead, aloft, alone, askew, aside, astray, awry,’ etc. It is indeed true that the Ormulum in its northern dialect freq. uses o, even in common phrases, such as ‘o boke, o land, o life, o slæpe, o strande, o write, o naht, o loft,’ etc., v. the glossary; and we may compare on foot and afoot, on sleep (Engl. Vers. of Bible) and asleep; A. S. a-butan and on-butan (about); agen and ongean (again, against); on bæc, aback; on life, alive; on middan, amid. But it is more than likely that in the expressions quoted above, as well as in numberless others, as well in old as in modern English, the English a- as well as the o- of the Ormulum and the modern Scottish and north of England o- are in reality remains of this very á pronounced au or ow, which was brought by the Scandinavian settlers into the north of England. In the struggle for supremacy between the English dialects after the Conquest, the Scandinavian form á or a won the day in many cases to the exclusion of the Anglo-Saxon on. Some of these adverbs have representatives only in the Scandinavian tongues, not in Anglo-Saxon; see below, with dat. B. II, C. VII; with acc. C. I. and VI. The prep. á denotes the surface or outside; í and ór the inside; at, til, and frá, nearness measured to or from an object: á thus answers to the Gr. επί; the Lat. in includes á and i together.]

With dat. and acc.: in the first case with the notion of remaining on a place, answering to Lat. in with abl.; in the last with the notion of motion to the place, = Lat. in with acc.

WITH DAT.

A. Loc.

I. generally on, upon; á gólfi, on the floor, Nj. 2; á hendi, on the hand (of a ring), 48, 225; á palli, 50; á steini, 108; á vegg, 115; á sjá ok á landi, on sea and land. In some instances the distinction between d and i is loose and wavering, but in most cases common sense and usage decide; thus ‘á bók’ merely denotes the letters, the penmanship, ‘í’ the contents of a book; mod. usage, however, prefers ‘í,’ lesa í bók, but stafr á bók. Old writers on the other hand; á bókum Enskum, in English books, Landn. 24, but í Aldafars bók, 23 (in the book De Mensurâ Temporum, by Bede), cp. Grág. i. 76, where á is a false reading instead of at; á bréfi, the contents of a letter: of clothing or arms, mítr á höfði, sverð á hlið, mitre on head, sword on side, Fms. i. 266, viii. 404; hafa lykil á sér, on one’s person, 655 xxvii. 22; möttull á tyglum, a mantle hanging on (i. e. fastened by) laces, Fms. vii. 201: á þingi means to be present at a meeting; í þingi, to abide within a jurisdiction; á himni, á jörðu, on (Engl. in) heaven and earth, e. g. in the Lord’s Prayer, but í helviti, in hell; á Gimli, Edda (of a heavenly abode); á báti, á skipi denote crew and cargo, ‘í’ the timber or materials of which a ship is built, Eg. 385; vera í stafni á skipi, 177: á skógi, to be abroad in a wood (of a hunter, robber, deer); but to be situated (a house), at work (to fell timber), í skógi, 573, Fs. 5, Fms. iii. 122, viii. 31, xi. 1, Glúm. 330, Landn. 173; á mörkinni, Fms. i. 8, but í mörk, of a farm; á firðinum means lying in a firth, of ships or islands (on the surface of the water), þær eyjar liggja á Breiðafirði, Ld. 36; but í firði, living in a district named Firth; á landi, Nj. 98, Fms. xi. 386.

II. á is commonly used in connection with the pr. names or countries terminating in ‘land,’ Engl. in, á Englandi, Írlandi, Skotlandi, Bretlandi, Saxlandi, Vindlandi, Vínlandi, Grænalandi, Íslandi, Hálogalandi, Rogalandi, Jótlandi, Frakklandi, Hjaltlandi, Jamtalandi, Hvítramannalandi, Norðrlöndum, etc., vide Landn. and the index to Fms. xii. In old writers í is here very rare, in modern authors more frequent; taste and the context in many instances decide. An Icelander would now say, speaking of the queen or king, ‘á Englandi,’ ruling over, but to live ‘í Englandi,’ or ‘á Englandi;’ the rule in the last case not being quite fixed.

2. in connection with other names of countries: á Mæri, Vörs, Ögðum, Fjölum, all districts of Norway, v. Landn.; á Mýrum (in Icel.), á Finnmörk, Landn., á Fjóni (a Danish island); but í Danmörk, Svíþjóð (á Svíþjóðu is poët., Gs. 13).

3. before Icel. farms denoting open and elevated slopes and spaces (not too high, because then ‘at’ must be used), such as ‘staðr, völlr, ból, hjalli, bakki, heimr, eyri,’ etc.; á Veggjum, Landn. 69; á Hólmlátri, id.: those ending in ‘-staðr,’ á Geirmundarstöðum, Þórisstöðum, Jarðlangsstöðum…, Landn.: ‘-völlr,’ á Möðruvöllum: á Fitjum (the farm) í Storð (the island), í Fenhring (the island) á Aski (the farm), Landn., Eg.: ‘-nes’ sometimes takes á, sometimes í (in mod. usage always ‘í’), á Nesi, Eb. 14, or í Krossnesi, 30; in the last case the notion of island, νησος, prevails: so also, ‘fjörðr,’ as, þeir börðust á Vigrafirði (of a fight o n the ice), Landn. 101, but orusta í Hafrsfirði, 122: with ‘-bær,’ á is used in the sense of a farm or estate, hón sa á e-m bæ mikit hús ok fagrt, Edda 22; ‘í bæ’ means within doors, of the buildings: with ‘Bær’ as pr. name Landn. uses ‘í,’ 71, 160, 257, 309, 332.

4. denoting on or just above; of the sun, when the time is fixed by regarding the sun in connection with points in the horizon, a standing phrase in Icel.; sól á gjáhamri, when the sun is on the crag of the Rift, Grág. i. 26, cp. Glúm. 387; so, brú á á, a bridge on a river, Fms. viii. 179, Hrafn. 20; taka hús á e-m, to surprise one, to take the house over his head, Fms. i. 11.

III. á is sometimes used in old writers where we should now expect an acc., esp. in the phrase, leggja sverði (or the like) á e-m, or á e-m miðjum, to stab, Eg. 216, Gísl. 106, Band. 14; þá stakk Starkaðr sprotanum á konungi, then Starkad stabbed the king with the wand, Fas. iii. 34; bíta á kampi (vör), to bite the lips, as a token of pain or emotion, Nj. 209, 68; taka á e-u, to touch a thing, lay hold of it, v. taka; fá á e-u, id. (poët.); leggja hendr á (better at) síðum, in wrestling, Fms. x. 331; koma á úvart á e-m, to come on one unawares, ix. 407 (rare).

B. TEMP. of a particular point or period of time, at, on, in:

I. gener. denoting during, in the course of; á nótt, degi, nætrþeli …, Bs. i. 139; or spec. adding a pron. or an adject., á næsta sumri, the next summer; á því ári, þingi, misseri, hausti, vári, sumri …, during, in that year …, Bs. i. 679, etc.; á þrem sumrum, in the course of three summers, Grág. i. 218; á þrem várum, Fms. ii. 114; á hálfs mánaðar fresti, within half a month’s delay, Nj. 99; á tvítugs, sextugs … aldri, á barns, gamals aldri, etc., at the age of …, v. aldr: á dögum e-s, in the days of, in his reign or time, Landn. 24, Hrafn. 3, Fms. ix. 229.

II. used of a fixed recurrent period or season; á várum, sumrum, haustum, vetrum, á kveldum, every spring, summer …, in the evenings, Eg. 711, Fms. i. 23, 25, vi. 394, Landn. 292: with the numeral adverbs, cp. Lat. ter in anno, um sinn á mánuði, ári, once a month, once a year, where the Engl. a is not the article but the preposition, Grág. i. 89.

III. of duration; á degi, during a whole day, Fms. v. 48; á sjau nóttum, Bárð. 166; á því meli, during that time, in the meantime, Grág. i. 259.

IV. connected with the seasons (á vetri, sumri, vári, hausti), ‘á’ denotes the next preceding season, the last winter, summer, autumn, Eb. 40, 238, Ld. 206: in such instances ‘á’ denotes the past, ‘at’ the future, ‘í’ the present; thus í vetri in old writers means this winter; á vetri, last winter; at vetri, next winter, Eb. 68 (in a verse), etc.

C. In various other relations, more or less metaphorically, on, upon, in, to, with, towards, against:

I. denoting object, in respect of, against, almost periphrastically; dvelja á náðum e-s, under one’s protection, Fms. i. 74; hafa metnað á e-u, to be proud of, to take pride in a thing, 127.

2. denoting a personal relation, in; bæta e-t á e-m, to make amends, i. e. to one personally; misgöra e-t á e-m, to inflict wrong on one; hafa elsku (hatr) á e-m, to bear love ( hatred) to one, Fms. ix. 242; hefna sín á e-m, to take revenge on one’s person, on anyone; rjúfa sætt á e-m, to break truce on the person of any one, to offend against his person, Nj. 103; hafa sár á sér, 101; sjá á e-m, to read on or in one’s face; sér hann á hverjum manni hvárt til þín er vel eðr illa, 106; var þat brátt auðséð á hennar högum, at …, it could soon be seen in all her doings, that …, Ld. 22.

3. also generally to shew signs of a thing; sýna fáleika á sér, to shew marks of displeasure, Nj. 14, Fs. 14; taka vel, illa, lítt, á e-u, to take a thing well, ill, or indifferently, id.; finna á sér, to feel in oneself; fann lítt á honum, hvárt …, it could hardly be seen in his face, whether …, Eb. 42; líkindi eru á, it is likely, Ld. 172; göra kost á e-u, to give a choice, chance of it, 178; eiga vald á e-u, to have power over …, Nj. 10.

II. denoting encumbrance, duty, liability; er fimtardómsmál á þeim, to be subject to …, Nj. 231; the phrase, hafa e-t á hendi, or vera á hendi e-m, on one’s hands, of work or duty to be done; eindagi á fé, term, pay day, Grág. i. 140; ómagi (skylda, afvinna) á fé, of a burden or encumbrance, D. I. and Grág. in several passages.

III. with a personal pronoun, sér, mér, honum …, denoting personal appearance, temper, character, look, or the like; vera þungr, léttr … á sér, to be heavy or light, either bodily or mentally; þungr á sér, corpulent, Sturl. i. 112; kátr ok léttr á sér, of a gay and light temper, Fms. x. 152; þat bragð hafði hann á sér, he looked as if, … the expression of his face was as though …, Ld., cp. the mod. phrase, hafa á sér svip, bragð, æði, sið, of one’s manner or personal appearance, to bear oneself as, or the like; skjótr (seinn) á fæti, speedy ( slow) of foot, Nj. 258.

IV. as a periphrasis of the possessive pronoun connected with the limbs or parts of the body. In common Icel. such phrases as my hands, eyes, head … are hardly ever used, but höfuð, eyru, hár, nef, munnr, hendr, fætr … á mér; so ‘í’ is used of the internal parts, e. g. hjarta, bein … í mér; the eyes are regarded as inside the body, augun í honum: also without the possessive pronoun, or as a periphrasis for a genitive, brjóstið á e-m, one’s breast, Nj. 95, Edda 15; súrnar í augum, it smarts in my eyes, my eyes smart, Nj. 202; kviðinn á sér, its belly, 655 xxx. 5, Fms. vi. 350; hendr á henni, her hands, Gísl. (in a verse); í vörunum á honum, on his lips, Band. 14; ristin á honum, his step, Fms. viii. 141; harðr í tungu, sharp of tongue, Hallfred (Fs. 114); kalt (heitt) á fingrum, höndum, fótum …, cold ( warm) in the fingers, hands, feet …, i. e. with cold fingers, etc.; cp. also the phrase, verða vísa (orð) á munni, of extemporising verses or speeches, freq. in the Sagas; fastr á fótum, fast by the leg, of a bondsman, Nj. 27: of the whole body, díla fundu þeir á honum, 209. The pers. pron. is used only in solemn style (poetry, hymns, the Bible), and perhaps only when influenced by foreign languages, e. g. mitt hjarta hví svo hryggist þú, as a translation of ‘warumb betrübst du dich mein Herz?’ the famous hymn by Hans Sachs; instead of the popular hjartað í mér, Sl. 43, 44: hjartað mitt is only used as a term of endearment, as by a husband to his wife, parents to their child, or the like, in a metaphorical sense; the heart proper is ‘í mér,’ not ‘mitt.’

2. of other things, and as a periphrasis of a genitive, of a part belonging to the whole, e. g. dyrr á husi = húsdyrr, at the house-doors; turn á kirkju = kirkju turn; stafn, skutr, segl, árar … á skipi, the stem, stern, sail … of a ship, Fms. ix. 135; blöð á lauk, á tré …, leaves of a leek, of a tree …, Fas. i. 469; egg á sverði = sverðs egg; stafr á bók; kjölr á bók, and in endless other instances.

V. denoting instrumentality, by, on, or a-, by means of; afla fjár á hólmgöngum, to make money a-duelling, by means of duels, Eg. 498; á verkum sínum, to subsist on one’s own work, Njarð. 366: as a law term, sekjast á e-ju, to be convicted upon …, Grág. i. 123; sekst maðr þar á sínu eigini ( a man is guilty in re sua), ef hann tekr af þeim manni er heimild ( possessio) hefir til, ii. 191; falla á verkum sínum, to be killed flagranti delicto, v. above; fella e-n á bragði, by a sleight in wrestling; komast undan á flótta, to escape by flight, Eg. 11; á hlaupi, by one’s feet, by speed, Hkr. ii. 168; lifa á e-u, to feed on; bergja á e-u, to taste of a thing; svala sér á e-u, to quench the thirst on.

VI. with subst. numerals; á þriðja tigi manna, up to thirty, i. e. from about twenty to thirty, Ld. 194; á öðru hundraði skipa, from one to two hundred sail strong, Fms. x. 126; á níunda tigi, between eighty and ninety years of age, Eg. 764, v. above: used as prep., á hendi, on one’s hand, i. e. bound to do it, v. hönd.

VII. in more or less adverbial phrases it may often be translated in Engl. by a participle and a- prefixed; á lopti, aloft; á floti, afloat; á lífi, alive; á verðgangi, a-begging; á brautu, away; á baki, a-back, behind, past; á milli, a-tween; á laun, alone, secretly; á launungu, id.; á móti, against; á enda, at an end, gone; á huldu, hidden; fara á hæli, to go a-heel, i. e. backwards, Fms. vii. 70;—but in many cases these phrases are transl. by the Engl. partic. with a, which is then perh. a mere prefix, not a prep., á flugi, a-flying in the air, Nj. 79; vera á gangi, a-going; á ferli, to be about; á leiki, a-playing, Fms. i. 78; á sundi, a-swimming, ii. 27; á verði, a-watching, x. 201; á hrakningi, a-wandering; á reiki, a-wavering; á skjálfi, a-shivering; á-hleri, a-listening; á tali, a-talking, Ísl. ii. 200; á hlaupi, a-running, Hkr. ii. 268; á verki, a-working; á veiðum, a-hunting; á fiski, a-fishing; á beit, grazing: and as a law term it even means in flagranti, N. G. L. i. 348.

VIII. used absolutely without a case in reference to the air or the weather, where ‘á’ is almost redundant; þoka var á mikil, a thick fog came on, Nj. 267; niðamyrkr var á, pitch darkness came on, Eg. 210; allhvast á norðan, a very strong breeze from the north, Fms. ix. 20; þá var á norðrænt, a north wind came on, 42, Ld. 56; hvaðan sem á er, from whatever point the wind is; var á hríð veðrs, a snow storm came on, Nj. 282; görði á regn, rain came on, Fms. vi. 394, xi. 35, Ld. 156.

WITH ACC.

A. Loc.

I. denoting simple direction towards, esp. connected with verbs of motion, going, or the like; hann gékk á bergsnös, Eg. 389; á hamar, Fas. ii. 517.

2. in phrases denoting direction; liggja á útborða, lying on the outside of the ship, Eg. 354; á annat borð skipinu, Fms. vii. 260; á bæði borð, on both sides of the ship, Nj. 124, Ld. 56; á tvær hliðar, on both sides, Fms. v. 73. Ísl. ii. 159; á hlið, sidewards; út á hlið, Nj. 262, Edda 44; á aðra hönd henni, Nj. 50, Ld. 46; höggva á tvær hendr, to hew or strike right and left, Ísl. ii. 368, Fas. i. 384, Fms. viii. 363, x. 383.

3. upp á, upon; hann tók augu Þjaza ok kastaði upp á himin, Edda 47: with verbs denoting to look, see, horfa, sjá, líta, etc.; hann rak skygnur á land, he cast glances towards the land, Ld. 154.

II. denoting direction with or without the idea of arriving:

1. with verbs denoting to aim at; of a blow or thrust, stefna á fótinn, Nj. 84; spjótið stefnir á hann miðjan, 205: of the wind, gékk veðrit á vestr, the wind veered to west, Fms. ix. 28; sigla á haf, to stand out to sea, Hkr. i. 146, Fms. i. 39: with ‘út’ added, Eg. 390, Fms. x. 349.

2. conveying the notion of arriving, or the intervening space being traversed; spjótið kom á miðjan skjöldinn, Eg. 379, Nj. 96, 97; langt upp á land, far up inland, Hkr. i. 146: to reach, taka ofan á belti, of the long locks of a woman, to reach down to the belt, Nj. 2; ofan á bringu, 48; á þa ofan, 91.

III. without reference to the space traversed, connected with verbs denoting to go, turn, come, ride, sail, throw, or the like, motion of every kind; hann kastar honum á völlinn, he flings him down, Nj. 91; hlaupa á skip sitt, to leap on board his ship, 43; á hest, to mount quickly, Edda 75; á lend hestinum, Nj. 91; hann gengr á sáðland sitt, he walks on to his fields, 82: on, upon, komast á fætr, to get upon one’s legs, 92; ganga á land, to go a-shore, Fms. i. 40; ganga á þing, vii. 242, Grág. (often); á skóg, á merkr ok skóga, into a wood, Fb. i. 134, 257, Fms. xi. 118, Eg. 577, Nj. 130; fara á Finnmörk, to go travelling in Finmark, Fms. i. 8; koma, fara á bæ, to arrive at the farm-house; koma á veginn, Eg. 578; stíga á bát, skip, to go on board, 158; hann gékk upp á borg, he went up to the burg (castle), 717; en er þeir komu á loptriðið, 236; hrinda skipum á vatn, to float the ships down into the water, Fms. i. 58; reka austr á haf, to drift eastwards on the sea, x. 145; ríða ofan á, to ride down or over, Nj. 82.

IV. in some cases the acc. is used where the dat. would be used, esp. with verbs denoting to see or hear, in such phrases as, þeir sá boða mikinn inn á fjörðinn, they saw great breakers away up in the bight of the firth, the acc. being due perhaps to a motion or direction of the eye or ear towards the object, Nj. 124; sá þeir fólkit á land, they saw the people in the direction of land, Fas. ii. 517: in phrases denoting to be placed, to sit, to be seated, the seat or bench is freq. in the acc. where the dat. would now be used; konungr var þar á land upp, the king was then up the country, the spectator or narrator is conceived as looking from the shore or sea-side, Nj. 46; sitja á miðjan bekk, to be seated on the middle bench, 50; skyldi konungs sæti vera á þann bekk … annat öndvegi var á hinn úæðra pall; hann setti konungs hásæti á miðjan þverpall, Fms. vi. 439, 440, cp. Fagrsk. l. c., Sturl. iii. 182; eru víða fjallbygðir upp á mörkina, in the mark or forest, Eg. 58; var þar mörk mikil á land upp, 229; mannsafnaðr er á land upp (viewed from the sea), Ld. 76; stóll var settr á mótið, Fas. i. 58; beiða fars á skip, to beg a passage, Grág. i. 90.

V. denoting parts of the body; bíta e-n á barka, to bite one in the throat, Ísl. ii. 447; skera á háls, to cut the throat of any one, Nj. 156; brjóta e-n á háls, to break any one’s neck; brjóta e-n á bak, to break any one’s back, Fms. vii. 119; kalinn á kné, frozen to the knees with cold, Hm. 3.

VI. denoting round; láta reipi á háls hesti, round his horse’s neck, 623. 33; leggja söðul á hest, Nj. 83; and ellipt., leggja á, to saddle; breiða feld á hofuð sér, to wrap a cloak over his head, 164; reyta á sik mosa, to gather moss to cover oneself with, 267; spenna hring á hönd, á fingr, Eg. 300.

VII. denoting a burden; stela mat á tvá hesta, hey á fimtán hesta, i. e. a two, a fifteen horse load, Nj. 74: metaph., kjósa feigð á menn, to choose death upon them, i. e. doom them to death, Edda 22.

B. TEMP.

I. of a period of time, at, to; á morgun, to-morrow (í morgun now means the past morning, the morning of to-day), Ísl. ii. 333.

II. if connected with the word day, ‘á’ is now used before a fixed or marked day, a day of the week, a feast day, or the like; á Laugardag, á Sunnudag …, on Saturday, Sunday, the Old Engl. a-Sunday, a-Monday, etc.; á Jóladaginn, Páskadaginn, on Yule and Easter-day; but in old writers more often used ellipt. Sunnudaginn, Jóladaginn …, by dropping the prep. ‘á,’ Fms. viii. 397, Grág. i. 18.

III. connected with ‘dagr’ with the definite article suffixed, ‘á’ denotes a fixed, recurring period or season, in; á daginn, during the day-time, every day in turn, Grett. 91 A.

IV. connected with ‘evening, morning, the seasons,’ with the article; á kveldit, every evening, Ld. 14; á sumarit, every summer, Vd. 128, where the new Ed. Fs. 51 reads sumrum; á haust, every autumn, Eg. 741 (perh. a misprint instead of á haustin or á haustum); á vetrinn, in the winter time, 710; á várit, every spring, Gþl. 347; the sing., however, is very rare in such cases, the old as well as mod. usage prefers the plur.; á nætrnar, by night, Nj. 210; á várin, Eg. 710; á sumrin, haustin, á morgnana, in the morning (á morgin, sing., means to-morrow); á kveldin, in the evening, only ‘dagr’ is used in sing., v. above (á daginn, not á dagana); but elliptically and by dropping the article, Icelanders say, kveld og morgna, nótt og dag, vetr sumar vor og haust, in the same sense as those above mentioned.

V. denoting duration, the article is dropped in the negative phrase, aldri á sinn dag, never during one’s life; aldri á mína daga, never in my life, Bjarn. 8, where a possess. pron. is put between noun and prep., but this phrase is very rare. Such phrases as, á þann dag, that day, and á þenna dag, Stj. 12, 655 xxx. 2. 20, are unclassical.

VI. á dag without article can only be used in a distributive sense, e. g. tvisvar á dag, twice a-day; this use is at present freq. in Icel., yet instances from old writers are not on record.

VII. denoting a movement onward in time, such as, liðið á nótt, dag, kveld, morgun, sumar, vetr, vár, haust (or nóttina, daginn …), jól, páska, föstu, or the like, far on in the night, day …, Edda 33; er á leið vetrinn, when the winter was well on, as the winter wore on, Nj. 126; cp. áliðinn: also in the phrase, hniginn á inn efra aldr, well stricken in years, Ld. 68.

C. Metaph. and in various relations:

I. somewhat metaphorically, denoting an act only (not the place); fara á fund, á vit e-s, to call for one, Eg. 140; koma á ræðu við e-n, to come to a parley with, to speak, 173; ganga á tal, Nj. 103; skora á hólm, to challenge to a duel on an island; koma á grið, to enter into a service, to be domiciled, Grág. i. 151; fara á veiðar, to go a-hunting, Fms. i. 8.

β. generally denoting on, upon, in, to; bjóða vöxtu á féit, to offer interest on the money, Grág. i. 198; ganga á berhögg, to come to blows, v. berhögg; fá á e-n, to make an impression upon one, Nj. 79; ganga á vápn e-s, to throw oneself on an enemy’s weapon, meet him face to face, Rd. 310; ganga á lagið, to press on up the spear-shaft after it has passed through one so as to get near one’s foe, i. e. to avail oneself of the last chance; bera fé á e-n, to bribe, Nj. 62; bera öl á e-n, to make drunk, Fas. i. 13; snúinn á e-t, inclined to, Fms. x. 142; sammælast á e-t, to agree upon, Nj. 86; sættast, verða sáttr á e-t, in the same sense, to come to an agreement, settlement, or atonement, 78, Edda 15, Eb. 288, Ld. 50, Fms. i. 279; ganga á mála, to serve for pay as a soldier, Nj. 121; ganga á vald e-s, to put oneself in his power, 267; ganga á sætt, to break an agreement; vega á veittar trygðir, to break truce, Grág. ii. 169.

II. denoting in regard to, in respect to:

1. of colour, complexion, the hue of the hair, or the like; hvítr, jarpr, dökkr … á hár, having white, brown, or dark … hair, Ísl. ii. 190, Nj. 39; svartr á brún ok brá, dark of brow and eyebrow; dökkr á hörund, id., etc.

2. denoting skill, dexterity; hagr á tré, a good carpenter; hagr á járn, málm, smíðar …, an expert worker in iron, metals …, Eg. 4; fimr á boga, good at the bow: also used of mastership in science or arts, meistari á hörpuslátt, a master in striking the harp, Fas. iii. 220; fræðimaðr á kvæði, knowing many poems by heart, Fms. vi. 391; fræðimaðr á landnámssögur ok forna fræði, a learned scholar in histories and antiquities (of Are Frode), Ísl. ii. 189; mikill á íþrótt, skilful in an art, Edda (pref.) 148; but dat. in the phrase, kunna (vel) á skíðum, to be a cunning skater, Fms. i. 9, vii. 120.

3. denoting dimensions; á hæð, lengd, breidd, dýpt …, in the heighth, length, breadth, depth …, Eg. 277; á hvern veg, on each side, Edda 41 (square miles); á annan veg, on the one side, Grág. i. 89.

β. the phrase, á sik, in regard to oneself, vel (illa) á sik kominn, of a fine ( ugly) appearance, Ld. 100, Fas. iii. 74.

III. denoting instrumentality; bjargast á sínar hendr, to live on the work of one’s own hands, (á sínar spýtur is a mod. phrase in the same sense); (vega) á skálir, pundara, to weigh in scales, Grág. ii. 370; at hann hefði tvá pundara, ok hefði á hinn meira keypt en á hinn minna selt, of a man using two scales, a big one for buying and a little one for selling, Sturl. i. 91; á sinn kostnað, at one’s own expense; nefna e-n á nafn, by name, Grág. i. 17, etc. The Icel. also say, spinna á rokk, snældu, to spin on or with a rock or distaff; mala á kvern, to grind in a ‘querne,’ where Edda 73 uses dat.; esp. of musical instruments, syngja, leika á hljóðfæri, hörpu, gígju …; in the old usage, leika hörpu …, Stj. 458.

IV. denoting the manner or way of doing:

1. á þessa lund, in this wise, Grág. ii. 22; á marga vega, á alla, ymsa vega, in many, all, respects, Fms. i. 114; á sitt hóf, in its turn, respectively, Ld. 136, where the context shews that the expression answers to the Lat. mutatis mutandis; á Þýðersku, after German fashion, Sks. 288.

2. esp. of language; mæla, rita á e-a tungu, to speak, write in a tongue; á Írsku, in Irish, Ld. 76; Norrænu, in Norse, Eb. 330, Vm. 35; a Danska tungu, in Danish, i. e. Scandinavian, Norse, or Icelandic, Grág. i. 18; á Vára tungu, i. e. in Icelandic, 181; rita á Norræna tungu, to write in Norse, Hkr. (pref.), Bs. i. 59:—at present, dat. is sometimes used.

3. in some phrases the acc. is used instead of the dat.; hann sýndi á sik mikit gaman, Fms. x. 329; hann lét ekki á sik finna, he shewed no sign of motion, Nj. 111; skaltú önga fáleika á þik gera (Cod. Kalf.), 14.

V. used in a distributive sense; skal mörk kaupa gæzlu á kú, eðr oxa fim vetra gamlan, a mark for every cow, Grág. i. 147; alin á hvert hross, 442; á mann, per man (now freq.): cp. also á dag above, lit. B.

VI. connected with nouns,

1. prepositional; á hendr (with dat.), against; á hæla, at heel, close behind; á bak, at back, i. e. past, after; á vit (with gen.), towards.

2. adverbially; á braut, away, abroad; á víxl, in turns; á mis, amiss; á víð ok dreif, a-wide and a-drift, i. e. dispersedly.

3. used almost redundantly before the following prep.; á eptir, after, behind; á undan, in front of; á meðal, á milli, among; á mót, against; á við, about, alike; á frá (cp. Swed. ifrån), from (rare); á fyrir = fyrir, Haustl. 1; á hjá, beside (rare); á fram, a-head, forwards; á samt, together; ávalt = of allt, always: following a prep., upp á, upon; niðr á, down upon; ofan á, eptir á, post eventum, (temp.) á eptir is loc., id., etc.

VII. connected with many transitive verbs, answering to the Lat. ad- or in-, in composition, in many cases periphrastically for an objective case. The prep. generally follows after the verb, instead of being prefixed to it as in Lat., and answers to the Engl. on, to; heita kalla, hrópa á, to call on; heyra, hlusta, hlyða á, to hearken to, listen to; hyggja, hugsa á, to think on; minna á, to remind; sjá, líta, horfa, stara, mæna, glápa, koma auga … á, to look on; girnast á, to wish for; trúa á, to believe on; skora á, to call on any one to come out, challenge; kæra á, to accuse; heilsa á, to greet; herja, ganga, ríða, hlaupa, ráða … á, to fall on, attack, cp. ágangr, áreið, áhlaup; ljúga á, to tell lies of, to slander; telja á, to carp at; ausa, tala, hella, kasta, verpa … á, to pour, throw on; ríða, bera, dreifa á, to sprinkle on; vanta, skorta á, to fall short of; ala á, to plead, beg; leggja á, to throw a spell on, lay a saddle on; hætta á, to venture on; gizka á, to guess at; kveða á, to fix on, etc.: in a reciprocal sense, haldast á, of mutual strife; sendast á, to exchange presents; skrifast á, to correspond (mod.); kallast á, to shout mutually; standast á, to coincide, so as to be just opposite one another, etc.

f. [Lat. aqua; Goth. ahva; Hel. aha; A. S. eâ; O. H. G. aha, owa; cp. Germ. ach and aue; Fr. eau, eaux; Engl. Ax-, Ex-, etc., in names of places; Swed.-Dan. å; the Scandinavians absorb the hu, so that only a single vowel or diphthong remains of the whole word]:—a river. The old form in nom. dat. acc. sing. is , v. the introduction to A, page 1, Bs. i. 333 sq., where ́n, ́ (acc.), and ́na; so also Greg. 677; the old fragm. of Grág. ii. 222, 223, new Ed. In the Kb. of the Edda the old form occurs twice, viz. page 75, ́na (acc.), (but two lines below, ána), í ́nni (dat.) The old form also repeatedly occurs in the Kb. and Sb. of the Grág., e. g. ii. 266, 267: gen. sing. ár; nom. pl. ár, gen. á contracted, dat. ám, obsolete form ́m; Edda 43, Eg. 80, 99, 133, 185: proverbs, at ósi skal á stemma, answering to the Lat. principiis obsta, Edda 60; hér kemr á til sæfar, here the river runs into the sea, metaph. = this is the very end, seems to have been a favourite ending of old poems; it is recorded in the Húsdrápa and the Norðsetadrápa, v. Edda 96, Skálda 198; cp. the common saying, oil vötn renna til sævar, ‘all waters run into the sea.’ Rivers with glacier water are in Icel. called Hvítá, White river, or Jökulsá: Hitá, Hot river, from a hot spring, opp. to Kaldá, v. Landn.: others take a name from the fish in them, as Laxá, Lax or Salmon river (freq.); Örriða á, etc.: a tributary river is þverá, etc.: ár in the Njála often means the great rivers Ölfusá and Þjórsá in the south of Iceland. Áin helga, a river in Sweden, Hkr. ii: á is also suffixed to the names of foreign rivers, Tempsá = Thames; Dóná, Danube (Germ. Don-au), (mod.), etc. Vide Edda (Gl.) 116, 117, containing the names of over a hundred North-English and Scottish rivers.

COMPDS: áráll, árbakki, árbrot, ardjúp, árfarvegr, árfors, árgljúfr, árhlutr, ármegin, árminni, ármót, áróss, árreki, árstraumr, árströnd, árvað, árvegr, árvöxtr.

nome (pinch) pizzicotto m.; (bite) morso m.

••

nome colloq. (small measure) sorso m.

verbo transitivo (forma in -ing ecc. - pp-) (pinch) pizzicare; (bite) mordere, morsicare; (playfully) mordicchiare

verbo intransitivo (forma in -ing ecc. - pp-)

1) (bite) [ animal] mordere; (playfully) mordicchiare; [ bird] beccare

2) BE colloq.

•

- nip along

- nip off

••

* * *

1) (to press between the thumb and a finger, or between claws or teeth, causing pain; to pinch or bite: A crab nipped her toe; The dog nipped her ankle.) pizzicare; pungere; mordere

2) (to cut with such an action: He nipped the wire with the pliers; He nipped off the heads of the flowers.) tagliare

3) (to sting: Iodine nips when it is put on a cut.) pizzicare

4) (to move quickly; to make a quick, usually short, journey: I'll just nip into this shop for cigarettes; He nipped over to Paris for the week-end.) (fare un salto)

5) (to stop the growth of (plants etc): The frost has nipped the roses.) distruggere

1) (the act of pinching or biting: His dog gave her a nip on the ankle.) pizzico; morso

2) (a sharp stinging quality, or coldness in the weather: a nip in the air.) (aria pungente), (freddo intenso)

3) (a small drink, especially of spirits.) goccetto

•

- nippy

* * *

1. n

(pinch) pizzico, (bite) morso

2. vt

(pinch) pizzicare, (bite) morsicare, (prune: bud, shoot) spuntare, (subj: cold: plant) assiderare, (face) pungere

3. vi Brit

(drink) goccio, bicchierino

* * *

1 pizzico; pizzicotto; morso; morsetto; morsettino

2 aria pungente; gelo; freddo intenso: The nip of the night startled the boy, il freddo pungente della notte fece sussultare il ragazzo

3 (fig. antiq.) detto (o osservazione) pungente; sarcasmo

4 sapore piccante ( del formaggio)

5 (naut.) presa ( di un cavo); cocca; volta

6 (mecc.) grippaggio

● nip and tuck, (fam.) chirurgia plastica; ( sport) (sost.) testa a testa, situazione di parità; cosa ottenuta a stento, di misura; (avv.) testa a testa, alla pari.

sorso, goccetto ( di liquore); cicchetto (fam.).

A v. t.

1 pizzicare; dare un pizzicotto a; pizzicottare; ( di un insetto, ecc.) pungere; mordere; morsicare: He's nipped his forefinger in the drawer, si è pizzicato l'indice nel cassetto; The bulldog nipped me on the leg, il bulldog mi morse a una gamba

2 ( del gelo, del vento) tagliare; recidere; distruggere: Frost nipped the plants in our garden, il gelo distrusse le piante del nostro giardino

3 ( slang USA) sgraffignare; arraffare; rubare

B v. i.

1 dare pizzicotti; pungere; morsicare

2 pungere (fig.); essere gelido, pungente: The wind nips hard today, oggi tira un vento gelido

3 fare una corsa (o un salto); recarsi alla svelta; fare un viaggetto: to nip down to the post office, fare un salto alla Posta; to nip over to London, fare un viaggetto a Londra

4 (mecc.) bloccarsi; grippare

● (fig.) to nip st. in the bud, stroncare qc. sul nascere; distruggere qc. in boccio.

A v. i.

bere un bicchierino ( di liquore); prendere un cicchetto (fam.)

B v. t.

bere ( un liquore) a sorsi, a bicchierini.

* * *

nome (pinch) pizzicotto m.; (bite) morso m.

••

nome colloq. (small measure) sorso m.

verbo transitivo (forma in -ing ecc. - pp-) (pinch) pizzicare; (bite) mordere, morsicare; (playfully) mordicchiare

verbo intransitivo (forma in -ing ecc. - pp-)

1) (bite) [ animal] mordere; (playfully) mordicchiare; [ bird] beccare

2) BE colloq.

•

- nip along

- nip off

••

1) (the joint at the bend of the leg: He fell and cut his knee; The child sat on her father's knee; She was on her knees weeding the garden; He fell on his knees and begged for mercy.) rodilla

2) (the part of an article of clothing covering this joint: He has a hole in the knee of his trousers.) rodillera

•

- kneecap

knee n rodilla

tr[niː]

noun

1 SMALLANATOMY/SMALL rodilla

2 (of trousers) rodillera

■ on one's knees de rodillas

transitive verb

1 dar un rodillazo a

\

to go down on one's knees arrodillarse

to bring somebody to their knees humillar a alguien

to bring the country to its knees llevar el país al borde de la ruina

knee ['ni:] n

: rodilla f

• rodilla s.f.

• ángulo s.m.

• dar un rodillazo a v.

noun (Anat, Clothing) rodilla f

transitive verb darle* or pegarle* un rodillazo a

N (Anat) rodilla f ; [of garment] rodilla f

VT dar un rodillazo a

* * *

noun (Anat, Clothing) rodilla f

transitive verb darle* or pegarle* un rodillazo a

v/i bes. südd., österr. hüpfen; das ist gehupft wie gesprungen umg. it’s six of one and half a dozen of the other

* * *

to skip; to leap; to hip; to hop

* * *

vi (esp S Ger) aux sein

* * *

1) (to jump about playfully: The lambs are frisking in the fields.) frisk

2) ((of people) to jump on one leg: The children had a competition to see who could hop the farthest; He hopped about in pain when the hammer fell on his foot.) hop

3) ((of certain small birds, animals and insects) to jump on both or all legs: The sparrow/frog hopped across the lawn.) hop

4) (to go along with a hop on each foot in turn: The little girl skipped up the path.) skip

* * *

vi Hilfsverb: sein bes SÜDD, ÖSTERR s. hüpfen

▶ das ist gehupft wie gesprungen (fam) it's six of one and half a dozen of the other

* * *

intransitives Verb; mit sein (südd., österr.) hop

* * *

hupfen v/i besonders südd, österr → hüpfen;

das ist gehupft wie gesprungen umg it’s six of one and half a dozen of the other

* * *

intransitives Verb; mit sein (südd., österr.) hop

* * *

to frisk v.

to hop v.

to skip v.

of [ɒv, əv]

   a. de

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► de + le = du, de + les = des

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• a cry of pain un cri de douleur

• a kilo of oranges un kilo d'oranges

• the wife of the doctor la femme du médecin

• a portrait of the queen un portrait de la reine

• the average age of the students l'âge moyen des étudiants

• south of Paris au sud de Paris

• to die of hunger mourir de faim

• the city of Paris la ville de Paris

• his love of animals son amour pour les animaux

• it was kind of him to say so c'était gentil de sa part de dire cela

• how much of this do you want? combien en voulez-vous ?

• the tip of it is broken le bout est cassé

• the whole of the house toute la maison

• you of all people ought to know vous devriez le savoir mieux que personne

► of + possessive

• a friend of Paul's un ami de Paul

• a friend of ours un de nos amis

• a painting of the queen's un tableau qui appartient à la reine

• that funny nose of hers son drôle de nez

   b. (with numbers) there are six of them (people) ils sont six ; (things) il y en a six

• he asked the six of us to lunch il nous a invités tous les six à déjeuner

• he's got four sisters, I've met two of them il a quatre sœurs, j'en ai rencontré deux

   c. ( = about) de

• what do you think of him? que pensez-vous de lui ?

• what do you think of it? qu'en pensez-vous ?

• what of it? et alors ?

   d. (material) de, en

• a dress made of wool une robe en or de laine

   e. (in descriptions) de

• a girl of ten une fille de dix ans

• a question of no importance une question sans importance

• a town of narrow streets une ville aux rues étroites

• that idiot of a doctor cet imbécile de docteur

   f. (with dates) the 2nd of June le 2 juin

   g. (with times) (US) a quarter of six six heures moins le quart

* * *

1) ( in most uses) de

2) ( made of)

3) ( indicating an agent)

4) ( indicating a proportion)

5) GB ( in expressions of time)

shoot [∫u:t]

(verb: preterite, past participle shot)

1. noun

   a. ( = new growth) pousse f

   b. ( = chute) glissière f

   c. ( = photo assignment) séance f (de photos) ; ( = filming session) séance f (de tournage)

2. transitive verb

   a. [+ animal] ( = hunt) chasser ; ( = kill) abattre ; [+ person] ( = hit) atteindre d'une balle ; ( = wound) blesser par balle(s) ; ( = kill) abattre ; ( = execute) fusiller

• to be shot in the head être atteint d'une balle dans la tête

• to shoot sb dead abattre qn

• he was shot as a spy il a été fusillé pour espionnage

• to shoot the lights griller le feu rouge

• to shoot o.s. in the foot (inf) (figurative) agir contre son propre intérêt

   b. ( = fire) [+ gun] tirer un coup de (at sur ) ; [+ arrow] décocher (at sur ) ; [+ bullet] tirer (at sur ) ; [+ rocket, missile] lancer (at sur)

• the volcano shot lava high into the air le volcan projetait de la lave dans les airs

• to shoot a goal marquer un but

• he shot the bolt il a poussé le verrou

• to shoot the breeze (inf) (US) bavarder

• to shoot a line (inf!) raconter des bobards

   c. [+ look, glance] décocher

• to shoot questions at sb mitrailler qn de questions

   d. [+ film, scene] tourner ; [+ photo] prendre

   e. [+ rapids] franchir

3. intransitive verb

   a. tirer (at sur)

• to go shooting (British = hunt) chasser aller à la chasse

• to shoot to kill tirer pour abattre

• don't shoot! ne tirez pas !

   b. ( = move quickly) to shoot in/past entrer/passer en flèche

• to shoot along filer

• to shoot to fame devenir très vite célèbre

• he shot across the road il a traversé la rue comme une flèche

• the pain went shooting up his arm la douleur au bras le lancinait

   c. [footballer] tirer

• to shoot at goal shooter

4. exclamation

5. compounds

► shoot-out noun ( = fight) fusillade f ; (Football) épreuve f des tirs au but

► shoot down separable transitive verb

   a. [+ plane] abattre

• to shoot down in flames (inf) [+ project] démolir ; [+ person] descendre en flammes (inf)

   b. ( = kill) abattre

► shoot out

1. intransitive verb

[person, car] sortir comme une flèche ; [flame, water] jaillir

2. separable transitive verb

• he shot out an arm and grabbed my pen il a avancé brusquement le bras et a attrapé mon stylo

► shoot up intransitive verb

   a. [flame, water] jaillir ; [rocket, price] monter en flèche

   b. [tree, plant] pousser vite ; [child] bien pousser (inf)

   c. (Drugs) (inf) se shooter (inf)

* * *

1) Botany ( young growth) pousse f; ( offshoot) rejeton m

2) GB ( hunt meeting) partie f de chasse

3) Cinema tournage m

transitive verb (prét, pp shot)

1) ( fire) tirer [bullet, arrow] (at sur); lancer [missile] (at sur)

2) ( hit with gun) tirer sur [person, animal]; ( kill) abattre [person, animal]

3) ( direct)

4) Cinema, Photography ( film) tourner [film, scene]; prendre [quelque chose] (en photo) [subject]

5) ( push) mettre [bolt]

6) ( in canoeing)

7) ( in golf)

8) US Games jouer à [pool, craps]

9) ( in hunting) chasser [game]

10) (colloq) ( inject) shoot up (colloq)

intransitive verb (prét, pp shot)

1) ( fire a gun) tirer (at sur)

2) ( move suddenly)

3) Cinema tourner

4) Sport ( in football etc) tirer, shooter

5) ( in hunting) [person] chasser

reflexive verb (prét, pp shot)

- shoot down

- shoot out

- shoot up

••

- osadził papierosa w szklanej fifce he planted a cigarette in a glass holder

- osadzić bagnet na karabin to fix a bayonet onto a rifle

- diament osadzony w srebro a diamond mounted in silver

- binokle krzywo osadzone na nosie glasses perched unevenly on sb’s nose

- blisko/głęboko osadzone oczy close-set/deep-set eyes

- pies miał nisko osadzone uszy the dog had low-set ears

- sędzia dobrze osadzony w środowisku przen. a judge well-established in judiciary circles

- wiersze mocno osadzone w tradycji przen. poems deeply set in tradition

- osadzić kolonistów na nowych terenach to settle colonists in a. on new territories

- osadzić kogoś w więzieniu to put sb in prison

- akcja filmu osadzona jest w świecie artystów the film is set in the artistic world

- rzeka osadza muł na polach the river leaves a deposit of silt on the fields

- na dnie zbiornika z morską wodą osadzona jest sól there’s a deposit of salt at the bottom of the container with the seawater

- osadzić konia to bring up a. rein (in) a horse

- osadził go w miejscu nagły ból nogi a sudden pain in his leg stopped him short

- próbował coś powiedzieć, ale z miejsca go osadzono he tried to say something but he was immediately silenced

- „uspokój się” – osadził go ojciec ‘calm down’ – his father restrained him

- przybysze osadzali się na pogranicznych ziemiach the newcomers settled on the frontier

- na ściankach zbiornika osadza się sól salt forms a deposit on the walls of the container

- na dnie szklanki osadziły się fusy po kawie coffee dregs settled at the bottom of the glass

- konie osadziły się tuż przed bramą the horses stopped right before the gate

v/i bes. südd., österr. hüpfen; das ist gehupft wie gesprungen umg. it’s six of one and half a dozen of the other

* * *

to skip; to leap; to hip; to hop

* * *

vi (esp S Ger) aux sein

* * *

1) (to jump about playfully: The lambs are frisking in the fields.) frisk

2) ((of people) to jump on one leg: The children had a competition to see who could hop the farthest; He hopped about in pain when the hammer fell on his foot.) hop

3) ((of certain small birds, animals and insects) to jump on both or all legs: The sparrow/frog hopped across the lawn.) hop

4) (to go along with a hop on each foot in turn: The little girl skipped up the path.) skip

* * *

vi Hilfsverb: sein bes SÜDD, ÖSTERR s. hüpfen

▶ das ist gehupft wie gesprungen (fam) it's six of one and half a dozen of the other

* * *

intransitives Verb; mit sein (südd., österr.) hop

* * *

hüpfen v/i hop; (springen) jump (

vor Freude for joy);

ihm hüpfte das Herz vor Freude fig his heart leapt for joy

* * *

intransitives Verb; mit sein (südd., österr.) hop

* * *

to frisk v.

to hop v.

to skip v.

* * *

[teik] n 1 quantidade que se pegou. 2 ato de pegar. 3 objeto que se pegou. 4 Cin tomada. 5 receita, renda. 6 parte, quinhão. 7 cicatriz de vacina. • vt+vi (ps took, pp taken) 1 tomar, pegar. a pain took him in the leg / ele foi tomado de dores na perna. 2 alcançar, agarrar, prender, capturar, apropriar-se. 3 arrebatar, arrancar, levar. 4 receber (como pagamento), aceitar, obter, adquirir. he won’t take "no" for an answer / ele não vai aceitar um "não" como resposta. 5 tomar, receber como marido ou mulher, tomar alojamento ou pensão. 6 suportar, receber, acolher. 7 tomar, comer, beber, engolir, consumir. 8 ganhar. 9 apanhar, contrair (doença). 10 ocupar. 11 usar, tomar (um veículo). 12 aproveitar (oportunidade). 13 tirar, tomar (férias). 14 submeter-se, sofrer, agüentar, aturar. I wouldn’t take it from anybody / não aturaria isso de ninguém. he couldn’t take it / Amer coll ele não agüentou. 15 necessitar, requerer, exigir. it takes an honest man to... / é necessário um homem honesto para... he’s got what it takes / ele possui as qualidades necessárias. 16 abranger, ocupar, consumir (tempo). 17 escolher, selecionar. 18 afastar, remover (por morte). 19 diminuir, prejudicar. 20 subtrair, extrair, extorquir, fraudar, lesar, roubar. 21 guiar, levar. 22 acompanhar, escoltar, levar. 23 carregar, transportar. 24 tirar (fotografia). 25 ser fotogênico. 26 sentir (orgulho). 27 determinar, verificar. 28 agir, ter efeito. 29 compreender. 30 supor, presumir. how old do you take him? / quantos anos lhe dá? 31 considerar. 32 assumir (responsabilidade), adotar. 33 alugar, empregar. 34 escrever, anotar. 35 tomar assinatura, assinar. 36 Gram ser usado com. 37 agradar, atrair, encantar. 38 prender (a atenção). 39 ir, andar. 40 vencer, conquistar, tomar (obstáculo). 41 ficar, tornar-se. 42 pegar, começar a crescer. 43 ser afetado por, sentir, experimentar, contrair. 44 fig manietar, subjugar. 45 assaltar, surpreender. 46 necessitar, custar. 47 colher. 48 fazer (viagem). 49 conquistar. 50 enveredar. 51 deduzir. 52 inflamar-se. 53 conceber, emprenhar, engravidar. 54 morder a isca. 55 preparar-se, empreender. as I take it a meu ver, na minha opinião. don’t take on so much about that não se preocupe tanto com isso, não faça tanto caso disso. it takes two to make a bargain quando um não quer dois não brigam. take it on! tome conta disso! take it or leave it! faça como quiser! take me, for example eu, por exemplo. taken all round considerado em conjunto. to be taken ill ficar doente. to be taken out of oneself ficar fora de si. to be taken with estar encantado com, ficar impressionado com. to take aback surpreender, espantar (alguém). to take a back seat deixar-se suplantar, aceitar ou receber lugar inferior, ser demasiado modesto. to take a breath respirar para descansar. to take account of prestar atenção a, considerar. to take action a) tomar medidas. b) Jur demandar. to take advantage of tirar proveito de, prevalecer-se de. to take after puxar a, sair à semelhança de. she takes after her mother / ela puxa à mãe. to take aim visar. to take a joke topar uma brincadeira. to take along levar. to take amiss levar a mal, sentir-se ofendido. to take away a) tirar, roubar, tomar. b) descontar. c) levar embora, afastar. to take back a) levar de volta, retirar. b) aceitar de volta. to take care ser cauteloso, tomar cuidado. to take care of cuidar de. to take charge of encarregar-se de. to take down a) tirar de cima, descer, trazer para baixo. b) escrever, anotar, registrar por escrito, tomar nota. c) derrubar (árvore), demolir (casa). d) passar na frente, transpassar. to take down a peg humilhar, baixar a estima. they took him down a peg / tiraram-lhe a prosa. to take effect entrar em vigor. to take evasive action coll evadir-se. to take exception at não gostar de. she took exception at what he said / ela não gostou do que ele disse. to take felt Mil dar baixa. to take fire a) inflamar-se. b) fig exaltar-se. to take for tomar por, considerar, confundir com. to take for a walk levar para um passeio. to take for granted tomar como certo, não dar atenção por julgar óbvio. to take forward favorecer, proteger. to take from tirar, descontar. to take heed tomar conhecimento de, considerar. to take hold of pegar. to take in a) tomar, absorver, chupar, comer, recolher, guardar (velas). b) receber (dinheiro), comprar (mercadorias). c) receber (hóspede). d) recolher, aceitar em casa. e) receber (trabalho) para fazer em casa. f) notar, perceber. g) compreender. h) engolir (mentiras). i) enganar. you can’t take me in / você não pode me tapear. to take in hand empreender, tentar. to take into account levar em conta, considerar. to take into one’s head dar na cabeça, decidir-se. to take in vain fazer mau uso, abusar. to take it easy ir com calma, ir devagar. to take it from someone acreditar em alguém. to take leave a) despedir-se, partir. b) Mil pedir licença. to take long tomar tempo, levar tempo. it would take us too long / isto nos tomaria tempo demais. how long does it take? / quanto tempo leva? to take lying down aceitar sem protesto ou defesa. to take off a) tirar. it was taken off my hands / foi tirado das minhas mãos. b) levantar vôo, decolar (também fig). he’ll take off any minute now / ele vai decolar a qualquer momento, vai começar a fazer sucesso. c) escapar, safar-se. he took himself off / coll ele safou-se, ele deu às de vila-diogo. d) exonerar. they took him off / eles exoneraram-no. to take on a) tomar conta. b) empregar, contratar. c) assumir (aparência). d) adotar, adquirir, contrair. to take one’s life into one’s hands Amer coll tomar o próprio destino nas mãos. to take one’s time não se apressar. to take on in the service alistar-se no serviço militar. to take out a) tirar, comprar. b) tirar de dentro. c) arrancar (dente). d) sacar (dinheiro). e) emprestar (livro). f) tirar (mancha). g) convidar uma dama (para dançar). h) escolher, reservar (mercadorias). i) levar para um passeio. will you take us out on Sunday? / você nos levará para passear domingo? to take out a licence tirar um documento de licença. to take over a) assumir (cargo, serviço), tomar posse. b) levar alguma coisa a alguém. to take part in tomar parte. to take path jurar. to take place acontecer, ocorrer. to take root arraigar, criar raízes, firmar-se. to take someone by surprise surpreender alguém, pegar de surpresa. to take someone by the hand a) pegar alguém pela mão. b) fig proteger alguém. to take someone for a ride Amer coll levar alguém para um passeio (a fim de matar). to take something off one’s hands encarregar-se de alguma coisa. to take steps tomar medidas. to take stock of examinar, analisar. to take the air a) Aeron levantar vôo. b) sair ao ar livre para um passeio. to take the cake ser o melhor. to take through rever, estudar. to take to a) ir para. b) refugiar-se em. the fox took to the earth / a raposa refugiou-se na cova. c) ocupar-se, dedicar-se. he takes to study / ele dedica-se aos estudos. d) afeiçoar-se, dar-se bem com. children take to him / crianças gostam dele. e) começar a fazer habitualmente, acostumar-se. we took kindly to this way of life / acostumamo-nos facilmente a este modo de vida. to take to heart levar a sério. to take to one’s bed ficar de cama por doença. she took to her bed / ela ficou de cama (por doença). to take to one’s heels correr, fugir. to take to pieces desmontar. to take up a) começar a estudar. he took up law / ele começou a estudar Direito. b) encurtar, diminuir. you’d better take that skirt up a little / é melhor você encurtar um pouco essa saia. c) adotar, começar, seguir. he took up teaching / ele seguiu a carreira de professor. d) ocupar, fazer uso de. e) utilizar, absorver. it takes up all my time / isto toma todo meu tempo. to take upon oneself tomar sob sua responsabilidade, assumir o encargo. to take up the cudgels for someone apoiar alguém, ficar do lado de alguém. to take up with ter relações, ter amizade com. what size do you take? que tamanho você usa?

adj. binnen; binnengekomen (post); hoort erbij; modern

adv. in; erin; binnen; in huis; onder druk staand; modern, "in" (in spreektaal); in periode van (van fruit etc.)

n. betrokken bij de leidende partij; iemand met machtpositie; invloed

prep. in; binnen; erin

〈 zelfstandig naamwoord〉

→ ins ins/

————————

〈 bijvoeglijk naamwoord〉

1  intern ⇒ inwonend, binnen-

2 〈 informeel〉 populair ⇒ modieus, in

3  exclusief ⇒ afgestemd op een kleine groep/elite

4 voor/met ingekomen post

♦voorbeelden:

3   in-crowd • kliekje, wereldje

4   in box/tray • brievenbak met/voor ingekomen post

————————

[ in] 〈 bijwoord〉

1 〈 beweging of richting〉 binnen ⇒ naar binnen, erheen, erin, in-

2 〈 plaats of ligging〉 binnen ⇒ in

3 〈 het referentiepunt is een persoon of groep〉 geaccepteerd ⇒ erbij, opgenomen; 〈 van dingen ook〉 in (de mode)

4  in gebruik ⇒ in werking

♦voorbeelden:

1   built in • ingebouwd

     come in! • (kom) binnen!

     fit something in • iets (er)in passen

     I flew in today • ik ben vandaag met het vliegtuig aangekomen

     mix the flour in • meng de bloem erbij

     the police moved in • de politie kwam tussenbeide

     the stairs were put in • de trap werd geïnstalleerd

     snowed in • ingesneeuwd

2   have friends in • vrienden (thuis) ontvangen

     in between • er tussen(in)

     in between • tussen

4   pears are in • het is perentijd

¶ from there on in • van dan af

     know somebody in and out • iemand door en door kennen

→ all all/, be in be in/, come in come in/ etc.

————————

〈 voorzetsel〉

1 〈plaats of ligging; ook figuurlijk〉in

2 〈richting; ook figuurlijk〉in ⇒ naar, ter

3 〈met abstract naamwoord dat handeling of toestand uitdrukt; voornamelijk idiomatisch te vertalen〉- ende ⇒ in, be-, ver-, ge-

4 〈 tijd〉in ⇒ binnen

5 〈 activiteit, beroep〉 wat betreft ⇒ in, op het gebied van

6 〈 medium〉in

7 〈 verhouding, maat, graad〉in ⇒ op, uit

8 〈 in de vorm van〉 als

9  in zover dat ⇒ in, met betrekking tot, doordat, omdat

♦voorbeelden:

1   in the army • in het leger

     wounded in the leg • aan het been gewond

     in my opinion • naar mijn mening

     play in the street • op straat spelen

     be in one's twenties • in de twintig zijn

     there is something in his story • er zit iets in zijn verhaal

2   in aid of • ten voordele van

     in payment of • ter betaling van

3   in bloom • in bloei, bloeiende

     he was in charge (of) • hij was verantwoordelijk (voor)

     in honour of • ter ere van

     be in love • verliefd zijn

     be in luck • geluk hebben

     be in pain • pijn lijden

     in ruins • vervallen

     in search of • op zoek naar

4   in a few minutes • over enkele minuten

     I have not been out in months • ik ben in geen maanden uit geweest

     in the morning • 's ochtends

     early in spring • vroeg in het voorjaar

     in all those years • gedurende al die jaren

     it melts in heating • het smelt als het verwarmd wordt

5   deal in cereals • handelen in granen

     the latest thing in computers • het laatste snufje op het gebied van computers

     something in evening dress • iets in de richting van avondkledij

     2 feet in length • twee voet hoog

     he is in oil • hij zit in de olie-industrie

     equals in strength • gelijken wat kracht betreft

     rich in vitamins • rijk aan vitaminen

     be in it • erbij betrokken zijn, meedoen

     he is not in it • hij telt niet mee

     there's nothing in it • het heeft niets om het lijf

6   pay in cash • contant betalen

     painted in red • roodgeverfd

     in Russian • in het Russisch

7   in general • in/over het algemeen

     not in the least • niet in het minst

     in the main • in/over het algemeen

     sell in ones • per stuk verkopen

     one in twenty • één op twintig

8   in confidence • in vertrouwen

     you have a fine brother in Henry • je hebt aan Henry een fijne broer

     buy in instalments • op afbetaling kopen

     £100 in taxes • £100 aan belastingen

9   he resembles you in being short-tempered • hij lijkt op jou in zoverre dat hij opvliegend is

     difficult in that it demands concentration • moeilijk omdat het concentratie vergt

→ be in be in/

1) infml

2) sl esp BrE

3) sl esp AmE

4) sl esp AmE

5) AmE sl

6) AmE sl

1)

2)

1) infml

2) AmE sl

► verbo pronominal

1 tabú (aguantarse) to lump it, put up with it

2 tabú (echarse a perder) to get fucked up

3 tabú (estropearse) to go bust

* * *

1. VPR

1) (=fastidiarse)

2) (=estropearse)

3)

EXCL Esp shit! **, bloody hell! **

* * *

* * *

vpr

1. [aguantarse] to fucking well put up with it;

no hay otra cosa, así que te jodes y te lo comes it's all we've got, so tough shit, you'll just have to eat it o you'll just have to fucking well put up with it and eat it;

si no puedes venir, te jodes if you can't come, tough shit o too fucking bad!;

¡hay que joderse! can you fucking believe it?;

¡que se joda! he can fuck off!;

a joderse y a aguantarse tough shit!, too fucking bad!;

¡jódete y baila! tough shit!;

joderse y tomar quina es la mejor medicina too bad!, it can't be helped!

2. [estropearse]

¡se jodió el invento! that's really gone and fucked things up!

3. [romperse] [objeto, aparato]

4. [lesionarse]

♦ interj

¡joderse, cómo escuece la herida Jesus, this wound really stings!;

¡calla ya, joderse! for fuck's sake, shut up!, shut the fuck up!;

¡joderse con el niño de los cojones! I've had it up to here with that fucking brat!;

¡joderse qué sitio más bonito! shit o Br bloody hell, this place is really beautiful!;

¡joderse, qué caro! Christ, that's expensive!;

¡joderse qué frío hace! Christ but it's freezing!