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1 SBR
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2 SBR-Verfahren
nsequencing batch reactor (SBR) -
3 reattore SBR
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4 कृ
kṛi
Ā. 2. sg. kṛishé;
impf. 2. andᅠ 3. sg. ákar, 3. sg. rarely ákat ṠBr. III, XI ;
3. du. ákartām;
pl. ákarma, ákarta ( alsoᅠ BhP. ix), ákran (aor., according to Pāṇ. 4-2, 80 Kāṡ.);
Ā. ákri RV. X, 159, 4 and 174, 4,
ákṛithās RV. V, 30, 8,
ákṛita ( RV.);
akrātām ( ṠāṇkhṠr.), ákrata ( RV. AV.):
Impv. kṛidhí ( alsoᅠ MBh. I, 5141 and BhP. VIII),
kṛitám, kṛitá;
Ā. kṛishvá, kṛidhvám;
Subj. 2. andᅠ 3. sg. kar pl. kárma, kárta andᅠ kartana, kran;
Ā. 3. sg. kṛita RV. IX, 69, 5,
3. pl. kránta RV. I, 141, 3:
Pot. kriyāma RV. X, 32, 9 ;
pr. p. P. (nom. pl.) krántas Ā. krāṇá. cl. 1. P. kárasi, kárati, kárathas, káratas, káranti;
Ā. kárase, kárate, kárāmahe:
impf. ákaram, ákaras, ákarat (aor., according to Pāṇ. 3-1, 59):
Impv. kára, káratam, káratām:
Subj. káram, kárāṇi, káras, kárat, kárāma, káran;
Ā. karāmahai;
pr. p. (f.) kárantī (Naigh.) III. cl. 5. P. kṛiṇómi, - ṇóshi, - ṇóti, kṛiṇuthás, kṛiṇmás andᅠ kṛiṇmasi, kṛiṇuthá, kṛiṇvánti;
Ā. kṛiṇvé, kṛiṇushé, kṛiṇuté, 3. du. kṛiṇvaíte RV. VI, 25, 4 ;
pl. kṛiṇmáhe, kṛiṇváte:
impf. ákṛiṇos, ákṛiṇot, ákṛiṇutam, ákṛiṇuta andᅠ - ṇotana RV. I, 110, 8,
ákṛiṇvan;
Ā. 3. sg. ákṛiṇuta pl. ákṛiṇudhvam, ákṛiṇvata:
Impv. kṛiṇú orᅠ kṛiṇuhí orᅠ kṛiṇutā́t, kṛiṇótu, kṛiṇutám, kṛiṇutā́m, 2. pl. kṛiṇutá orᅠ kṛiṇóta orᅠ kṛiṇótana, 3. pl. kṛiṇvántu;
Ā. kṛiṇushvá, kṛiṇutā́m, kṛiṇvā́thām, kṛiṇudhvám:
Subj. kṛiṇávas, - ṇávat orᅠ - ṇávāt, kṛiṇávāva, - ṇávāma, - ṇávātha, - ṇávatha, - ṇávan;
Ā. kṛiṇávai (once - ṇavā RV. X, 95, 2),
kṛiṇavase ( alsoᅠ ṠvetUp. II, 7 v.l. - ṇvase), kṛiṇavate, kṛiṇávāvahai, kṛiṇávāmahai, 3. pl. kṛiṇávanta ( RV.) orᅠ kṛiṇavante orᅠ kṛiṇvata ( RV.):
Pot. Ā. kṛiṇvītá;
pr. p. P. kṛiṇvát (f. -vatī́) Ā. kṛiṇvāṇá. IV) cl. 8. (this is the usual formation in the Brāhmaṇas;
Sūtras, andᅠ in classical Sanskṛit) P. karómi
(ep. kurmi MBh. III, 10943 R. II, 12, 33);
kurvás, kuruthás, kurutás, kurmás < kulmas in an interpolation after RV. X, 128 >,
kuruthá, kurvánti;
Ā. kurvé, etc., 3. pl. kurváte (Pāṇ. 6-4, 108-110):
impf. akaravam, akaros, akarot, akurva, etc.;
Ā. 3. sg. akuruta pl. akurvata:
Impv. kuru, karotu (in the earlier language 2. andᅠ 3. sg. kurutāt, 3. sg. alsoᅠ BhP. VI, 4, 34),
kuruta orᅠ kurutana Nir. IV, 7 ;
Ā. kurushva, kurudhvam, kurvátām:
Subj. karavāṇi, karavas, - vāt, - vāva orᅠ - vāvas (Pāṇ. 3-4, 98 Kāṡ.),
- vāma orᅠ - vāmas ( ib.), - vātha, - van;
Ā. karavai, kuruthās, karavāvahai ( TUp. ;
- he MBh. III, 10762),
karavaithe, - vaite (Pāṇ. 3-4, 95, Kāṡ),
- vāmahai (- he MBh. R. I, 18, 12):
Pot. P. kuryām Ā. kurvīya (Pāṇ. 6-4, 109 and 110) ;
pr. p. P. kurvát (f. -vatī́);
Ā. kurvāṇá:
perf. P. cakā́ra, cakártha, cakṛivá, cakṛimá, cakrá (Pāṇ. 7-2, 13) ;
Ā. cakré, cakriré;
p. cakṛivas (acc. cakrúsham RV. X, 137, 1);
Ā. cakrāṇa ( Vop.): 2nd fut. karishyáti;
Subj. 2. sg. karishyā́s RV. IV, 30, 23 ; 1st fut. kártā:
Prec. kriyāsam:
aor. P. Ved. cakaram RV. IV, 42, 6,
acakrat RV. IV, 18, 12, ácakriran RV. VIII, 6, 20 ;
Ā. 1. sg. kṛiske RV. X, 49, 7 ;
Class. akārshīt Pāṇ. 7-2, 1 Kāṡ. ;
(once akārashīt BhP. I, 10, 1);
Pass. aor. reflex. akāri andᅠ akṛita (Pāṇ. 3-1, 62 Kāṡ.):
Inf. kártum, Ved. kártave, kártavaí, kártos ( seeᅠ ss.vv.);
ind. p. kṛitvā́, Ved. kṛitvī́ < RV. > andᅠ kṛitvā́ya TS. IV, V ;
to do, make, perform, accomplish, cause, effect, prepare, undertake RV. etc.;
to do anything for the advantage orᅠ injury of another (gen. orᅠ loc.) MBh. R. etc.;
to execute, carry out (as an order orᅠ command) ib. ;
to manufacture, prepare, work at, elaborate, build ib. ;
to form orᅠ construct one thing out of another (abl. orᅠ instr.) R. I, 2, 44 Hit. etc.. ;
to employ, use, make use of (instr.) ṠvetUp. Mn. X, 91 MBh. etc.. ;
to compose, describe R. I ;
to cultivate Yājñ. II, 158 (cf. Mn. X, 114);
to accomplish any period, bring to completion, spend
(e.g.. varshāṇidaṡacakruḥ, « they spent ten years» MBh. XV, 6 ;
kshaṇaṉkuru, « wait a moment» MBh. ;
cf. kritakshaṇa);
to place, put, lay, bring, lead, take hold of (acc. orᅠ loc. orᅠ instr. e.g.. ardháṉ-kṛi, to take to one's own side orᅠ party, cause to share in (gen.;
seeᅠ 2. ardhá);
haste orᅠ pāṇau-kṛi, to take by the hand, marry Pāṇ. 1-4, 77 ;
hṛidayena-kṛi, to place in one's heart, love Mṛicch. ;
hṛidi-kṛi, to take to heart, mind, think over, consider Rājat. V, 313 ;
manasi-kṛi id. R. II, 64, 8 Hcar. ;
to determine, purpose <ind. p. - sikṛitvā orᅠ - si-kṛitya> Pāṇ. 1-4, 75 ;
vaṡe-kṛi, to place in subjection, become master of Mn. II, 100);
to direct the thoughts, mind, etc. ( mánas RV. Mn. MBh. etc.. ;
orᅠ buddhim Nal. XXVI, 10 orᅠ matim MBh. R. orᅠ bhāvam < ib. >, etc.)
towards any object, turn the attention to, resolve upon, determine on
(loc. dat. inf., orᅠ a sentence with iti e.g.. māṡokemanaḥkṛithāḥ,
do not turn your mind to grief Nal. XIV, 22 ;
gamanāyamatiṉcakre, he resolved upon going R. I, 9, 55 ;
alābuṉsamutsrashṭuṉmanaṡcakre, he resolved to create a gourd MBh. III, 8844 ;
drashṭātavâ̱smî ̱timatiṉcakāra, he determined to seeᅠ him MBh. III, 12335);
to think of (acc.) R. I, 21, 14 ;
to make, render (with two acc. e.g.. ādityaṉkāshṭhāmakurvata, they made the sun their goal AitBr. IV, 7) RV. ṠBr. etc.;
to procure for another, bestow, grant (with gen. orᅠ loc.) RV. VS. ṠBr. etc.. ;
Ā. to procure for one's self, appropriate, assume ṠBr. BṛĀrUp. Mn. VII, 10 etc.. ;
to give aid, help any one to get anything (dat.) RV. VS. ;
to make liable to (dat.) RV. III, 41, 6 ṠBr. IV ;
to injure, violate (e.g.. kanyāṉ-kṛi, to violate a maiden) Mn. VIII, 367 and 369 ;
to appoint, institute ChUp. Mn. ;
to give an order, commission Mn. R. II, 2, 8 ;
to cause to get rid of, free from (abl. orᅠ - tas) Pāṇ. 5-4, 49 Kāṡ. ;
to begin (e.g.. cakreṡobhayitumpurīm, they began to adorn the city) R. II, 6, 10 ;
to proceed, act, put in practice VS. ṠBr. AitBr. etc.;
to worship, sacrifice RV. ṠBr. Mn. III, 210 ;
to make a sound ( svaram orᅠ ṡabdam) MBh. III, 11718 Pāṇ. 4-4, 34 Hit.),
utter, pronounce (often ifc. with the sounds phaṭ, phut, bhāṇ, váshaṭ, svadhā́, svā́hā, hiṉ), pronounce any formula (Mn. II, 74 and XI, 33) ;
(with numeral adverbs ending in dhā) to divide, separate orᅠ break up into parts (e.g.. dvidhā-kṛi, to divide into two parts, ind. p. dvidhākṛitvā orᅠ dvidhā-kṛitya orᅠ - kāram Pāṇ. 3-4, 62 ;
sahasradhā-kṛi, to break into a thousand pieces);
(with adverbs ending in vat) to make like orᅠ similar, consider equivalent (e.g.. rājyaṉtṛiṇa-vatkṛitvā, valuing the kingdom like a straw Vet.);
(with adverbs ending in sāt)
to reduce anything to, cause to become, make subject
( seeᅠ ātma-sāt, bhasma-sāt) Pāṇ. 5-4, 52ff. ;
The above senses of kṛi may be variously modified orᅠ almost infinitely extended according to the noun with which this root is connected, as in the following examples:
sakhyaṉ-kṛi, to contract friendship with;
pūjāṉ-kṛi, to honour;
rājyaṉ-kṛi, to reign;
snehaṉ-kṛi, to show affection;
ājñāṉ orᅠ nideṡaṉ orᅠ ṡāsanaṉ orᅠ kāmaṉ orᅠ yācanāṉ orᅠ vacaḥ orᅠ vacanaṉ orᅠ vākyaṉ-kṛi, to perform any one's command orᅠ wish orᅠ request etc.;
dharmaṉ-kṛi, to do one's duty Mn. VII, 136 ;
nakhāni-kṛi, « to clean one's nails» seeᅠ kṛita-nakha;
udakaṉ Mn. Yājñ. R. Daṡ. orᅠ salilaṉ R. I, 44, 49 kṛi, to offer a libation of Water to the dead;
to perform ablutions;
astrāṇi-kṛi, to practise the use of weapons MBh. III, 11824 ;
darduraṉ-kṛi, to breathe the flute Pāṇ. 4-4, 34 ;
daṇḍaṉ-kṛi, to inflict punishment etc. Vet. ;
kālaṉ-kṛi, to bring one's time to an end i.e. to die;
ciraṉ-kṛi, to be long in doing anything, delay;
manasā (for - si seeᅠ above) kṛi, to place in one's mind, think of, meditate MBh. ;
ṡirasā-kṛi, to place on one's the head;
mūrdhnā-kṛi, to place on one's head, obey, honour
Very rarely in Veda AV. XVIII, 2, 27,
but commonly in the Brāhmaṇas, Sūtras,
andᅠ especially in classical Sanskṛit the perf.
forms cakāra andᅠ cakre auxiliarily used to form the periphrastical perfect of verbs, especially of causatives e.g.. āsāṉcakre, « he sat down» ;
gamayā́ṉcakāra, « he caused to go» < seeᅠ Pāṇ. 3-1, 40 ;
in Veda some other forms of kṛi are used in a similar way, viz. pr. karoti ṠāṇkhṠr. ;
impf. akar MaitrS. and Kāṭh. ;
3. pl. akran MaitrS. and TBr. ;
Prec. kriyāt MaitrS. ( seeᅠ Pāṇ. 3-1, 42);
according to Pāṇ. 3-1, 41, alsoᅠ karotu with vid>
Caus. kārayati, - te,
to cause to act orᅠ do, cause another to perform, have anything made orᅠ done by another
(double acc. instr. andᅠ acc. < seeᅠ Pāṇ. 1-4, 53 >
e.g.. sabhāṉkāritavān, he caused an assembly to be made Hit. ;
rāja-darṡanaṉmāṉkāraya, cause me to have an audience of the king;
vāṇijyaṉkārayedvaiṡyam, he ought to cause the Vaiṡya to engage in trade Mn. VIII, 410 ;
naṡakshyāmikiṉcitkārayituṉtvayā, I shall not be able to have anything done by thee MBh. II, 6);
to cause to manufacture orᅠ form orᅠ cultivate Lāṭy. Yājñ. II, 158 MBh. etc.. ;
to cause to place orᅠ put, have anything placed, put upon, etc.
(e.g.. taṉcitrapaṭaṉvāsa-gṛihebhittāvakārayat,
he had the picture placed on the wall in his house Kathās. V, 30) Mn. VIII, 251. ;
Sometimes the Caus. of kṛi is used for the simple verb orᅠ without a causal signification
(e.g.. padaṉkārayati, he pronounces a word Pāṇ. 1-3, 71 Kāṡ. ;
mithyāk-, he pronounces wrongly ib. ;
kaikeyīmanurājānaṉkāraya, treat orᅠ deal with Kaikeyī as the king does R. II, 58, 16):
Desid. cíkīrshati (aor. 2. sg. acikīrshīs ṠBr. III), ep. alsoᅠ - te, to wish to make orᅠ do, intend to do, design, intend, begin, strive after AV. XII, 4, 19 ṠBr. KātyṠr. Mn. etc.. ;
to wish to sacrifice orᅠ worship AV. V, 8, 3:
Intens. 3. pl. karikrati (pr. p. kárikrat seeᅠ Naigh. II, 1 and Pāṇ. 7-4, 65),
to do repeatedly RV. AV. TS. ;
Class. carkarti orᅠ carikarti orᅠ carīkarti Pāṇ. 7-4, 92 Kāṡ.,
alsoᅠ carkarīti orᅠ carikarīti orᅠ carīkarīti orᅠ cekrīyate < ib. Sch. Vop. >;
+ cf. Hib. caraim, « I perform, execute» ;
ceard, « an art, trade, business, function» ;
sucridh, « easy» ;
Old Germ. karawan, « to prepare» ;
Mod. Germ. gar, « prepared (as food)» ;
Lat. creo, ceremonia;
κραίνω, κρόνος
2) cl. 3. P. p. cakrát (Pot. 2. sg. cakriyās;
aor. 1. sg. akārsham AV. VII, 7, 1 orᅠ akārisham RV. IV, 39, 6),
to make mention of, praise, speak highly of (gen.) RV. AV.:
Intens. (1. sg. carkarmi, 1. pl. carkirāma, 3. pl. carkiran;
Impv. 2. sg. carkṛitā́t andᅠ carkṛidhi;
aor. 3. sg. Ā. cárkṛishe) id. RV. AV. (cf. kārú, kīrí, kīrtí.)
3) to injure, etc. seeᅠ 2. kṛī
to make the sound kharaṭa Pāṇ. 5-4, 57 Kāṡ. ;
P. - karoti, to make straight ib.
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5 चर्
car
perf. cacā́ra AV. etc.., 2. sg. cacartha BhP. IV, 28, 52 ;
pl. cerur, etc.;
- ratur ṠBr. etc.;
Ā. cere BhP. III, 1, 19 ;
fut. carishyati, - te;
aor. acārīt ṠBr. XIV etc.. ;
inf. cáritum II MBh. I, III R. ;
orᅠ cartum MBh. III, XIII R. III BhP. V,
Ved. carádhyai RV. I, 61, 12,
cáritave 113, 5,
caráse 92, 9 and V, 47, 4,
carā́yai VII, 77, 1,
caritos AitĀr. I, 1, 1, 7 ;
ind. p. caritvā́ ṠBr. XIV BhP. X, 75, 19 ;
cartvā MBh. V, 3790 ;
cīrtvā, XIII, 495 ;
p. cárat) to move one's self, go, walk, move, stir, roam about, wander (said of men, animals, water, ships, stars, etc.) RV. AV. etc.;
to spread, be diffused (as fire) VarBṛS. XIX, 7 ;
to move orᅠ travel through, pervade, go along, follow Mn. MBh. etc.;
to behave, conduct one's self, act, live, treat (with instr. orᅠ loc.) RV. AV. etc.;
to be engaged in, occupied orᅠ busy with
(instr. e.g.. yajñénac-, « to be engaged in a sacrifice» ṠBr.) RV. X, 71, 5 AV. VI, 117, 1 AitBr. etc.. ;
(with ṠBr. IV ChUp. Kauṡ. ṠāṇkhṠr. orᅠ without ṠBr. II, XIV mithunám)
to have intercourse with, have to do with (instr.);
(with a p. orᅠ adj. orᅠ ind. p. orᅠ adv.)
to continue performing orᅠ being
(e.g.. arcantaṡcerur, « they continued worshipping» ṠBr. I ;
svāminamavajñāyacaret, « he may go on despising his master» Hit.) RV. AV. VS. etc.. ;
(in astron.) to be in any asterism orᅠ conjunction VarBṛS. ;
to undertake, set about, under go, observe, practise, do orᅠ act in general, effect, make
(e.g.. vratā́ni « to observe vows» AV. etc.;
vighnaṉc-, « to put a hindrance» MBh. ;
bhaikshaṉc- « to beg» Mn. II ;
vivādaṉc-, « to be engaged in a lawsuit» Mn. VIII, 8 ;
mṛigayāṉc-, « to hunt» MBh. R. ;
sambandhāṉṡc, « to enter into connections» Mn. II, 40 ;
mārgaṉcacārabāṇaiḥ, « he made a way with arrows» R. III, 34, 4 ;
tapasāindriyāṇic-, to exercise one's organs with penance MBh. XIV, 544) RV. AV. etc.;
to consume, eat (with acc.), graze Yājñ. III, 324 Pañcat. BhP. V, X Subh. Hit. ;
to make orᅠ render
(with double acc. e.g.. naréndraṉsatya-sthaṉcarāma, « let us make the king keep his word» R. II, 107, 19:
Caus. cārayati, to cause to move orᅠ walk about AV. XII, 4, 28 ;
aor. ácīcarat) ṠāṇkhBr. XXX, 8 Lāṭy. ;
to pasture MBh. XIV R. BhP. III, X ;
to send, direct, turn, move MBh. etc.;
to cause any one (acc.) to walk through (acc.) MBh. XII R. V, 49, 14 ;
to drive away from (abl.) MBh. XII, 12944 ;
to cause any one (acc.) to practise orᅠ perform (with acc.) Mn. XI, 177 and 192 ;
to cause (any animal acc.) to eat Bādar. II, 2, 5 Sch. ;
to cause to copulate Mn. VIII, 362 ;
to ascertain (as through a spy instr.) MBh. III, XV R. I, VI ;
to doubt (cf. vi-) Dhātup. XXXIII, 71:
Desid. cicarishati, to try to go ṠāṇkhBr. XXX, 8 (p. cicarshat);
to wish to act orᅠ conduct one's self ṠBr. XI ;
to try to have intercourse with (instr.), VI: ;
Intens. carcarīti Ā. orᅠ rarely MBh. III, 12850 ;
Pass. cañcūryate (- curīti andᅠ - cūrti Pāṇ. 7-4, 87f. ;
ind. p. - cūrya R. IV, 29, 22 ;
p. once P. - cūryat Hariv. 3602)
to move quickly orᅠ repeatedly, walk about, roam about (in loc.) AV. XX, 127, 4 MBh. etc.. ;
to act wantonly orᅠ coquettishly Bhaṭṭ. IV, 19 ;
(cf. Pāṇ. 3-1, 24);
<cf. πέλομαι, ἀμφίπολος, ἀνατολή etc.>
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6 उपास्
upâ̱s
2) ( upa- 2. as) P. - asyati, to throw off, throw orᅠ cast down upon, throw under
AV. VI, 42, 2 ṠBr. KātyṠr.:
Ā. - asyate, to throw (anything) under one's self TS. I, 6, 10, 1 MaitrS. II, 1, 1. ;
3) ( upa-ās) Ā. - āste, to sit by the side of, sit near at hand (in order to honour orᅠ wait upon) AV. ṠBr. ChUp. Mn. etc.;
to wait upon, approach respectfully, serve, honour, revere, respect, acknowledge, do homage, worship, be devoted orᅠ attached to RV. AV. VS. ṠBr. MBh. etc.. ;
to esteem orᅠ regard orᅠ consider as, take for AV. VS. ṠBr. ;
to pay attention to, be intent upon orᅠ engaged in, perform, converse orᅠ have intercourse with RV. X, 154, 1 AV. MBh. Suṡr. etc.. ;
to sit near, be in waiting for, remain in expectation, expect, wait for RV. I, 162, 12 ṠBr. KātyṠr. MBh. ;
to sit, occupy a place, abide in, reside R. Mn. II, V ;
to be present at, partake of (e.g.. a sacrifice) Mn. III, 104 MBh. XIV ;
to approach, go towards, draw near (e.g.. an enemy's town), arrive at, obtain ṠBr. MBh. Yājñ. Bhaṭṭ. ;
to enter into any state, undergo, suffer Mn. XI, 183 MBh. III R. ;
to remain orᅠ continue in any action orᅠ situation (with pres. p. orᅠ ind. p.) ṠBr. R. Bhag. etc.;
to employ, use, make subservient Suṡr. Sāh.
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7 गन्धर्व
gandharvám. a Gandharva <though in later times the Gandharvas are regarded as a class, yet in RV. rarely more than one is mentioned;
he is designated as the heavenly Gandharva ( divyág- RV. IX, 86, 36 and X, 139, 5),
andᅠ is alsoᅠ called Viṡvā-vasu ( RV. X, 85, 21 and 22;139, 4 and 5) andᅠ Vāyu-keṡa (in pl. RV. III, 38, 6);
his habitation is the sky, orᅠ the region of the air andᅠ the heavenly waters
( RV. I, 22, 14; VIII, 77, 5; IX, 85, 12; 86, 36; X, 10, 4 AV. II, 2, 3);
his especial duty is to guard the heavenly Soma RV. IX, 83, 4 and 85, 12,
which the gods obtain through his intervention RV. AV. VII, 73, 3 ; cf. RV. I, 22, 14 ;
it is obtained for the human race by Indra, who conquers the Gandharva andᅠ takes it by force ( RV. VIII, 1, 11 and 77, 5);
the heavenly Gandharva is supposed to be a good physician, because the Soma is considered as the best medicine;
possibly, however, the word Soma originally denoted not the beverage so called, but the moon, andᅠ the heavenly Gandharva may have been the genius orᅠ tutelary deity of the moon;
in one passage RV. IX, 86, 36 the heavenly Gandharva andᅠ the Soma are identified;
he is alsoᅠ regarded as one of the genii who regulate the course of the Sun's horses
i, 163, 2; X, 177, 2; cf. 135, 5 ;
he knows andᅠ makes known the secrets of heaven andᅠ divine truths generally
( X, 139, 5 and 6 AV. II, 1, 2; XX, 128, 3 VS. XI, 1; XXXII, 9);
he is the parent of the first pair of human beings, Yama andᅠ Yamī RV. X, 10, 4),
andᅠ has a peculiar mystical power over women andᅠ a right to possess them RV. X, 85, 21 and 22; 40 and 41 ;
for this reason he is invoked in marriage ceremonies AV. XIV, 2, 35 and 36 ;
ecstatic states of mind andᅠ possession by evil spirits are supposed to be derived from the heavenly Gandharva (cf. - gṛihīta, - graha);
the Gandharvas as a class have the same characteristic features as the one Gandharva;
they live in the sky RV. AV. ṠBr. XIV,
guard the Soma RV. IX, 113, 3 ṠBr. III AitBr. I, 27,
are governed by Varuṇa (just as the Apsarasas are governed by Soma) ṠBr. XIII ĀṡvṠr. X, 7, 3,
know the best medicines AV. VIII, 7, 23 VS. XII, 98,
regulate the course of the asterisms ( AV. XIII, 1, 23 BhP. IV, 29, 21 ;
hence twenty-seven are mentioned VS. IX, 7),
follow after women andᅠ are desirous of intercourse with them (AV. ṠBr. III) ;
as soon as a girl becomes marriageable, she belongs to Soma, the Gandharvas, andᅠ Agni Gṛihyās. II, 19 f. Pañcat. Suṡr. ;
the wives of the Gandharvas are the Apsarasas
(cf. gandharvâ̱psarás),
andᅠ like them the Gandharvas are invoked in gambling with dice AV. VII, 109, 5 ;
they are alsoᅠ feared as evil beings together with the Rākshasas, Kimīdins, Piṡācas, etc., amulets being worn as a protection against them ( AV. Suṡr.);
they are said to have revealed the Vedas to Vāc
( ṠBr. III ; cf. PārGṛ. II, 12, 2),
andᅠ are called the preceptors of the Ṛishis ṠBr. XI ;
Purūravas is called among them ( ib.);
in epic poetry the Gandharvas are the celestial musicians orᅠ heavenly singers (cf. RV. X, 177, 2)
who form the orchestra at the banquets of the gods, andᅠ they belong together with the Apsarasas to Indra's heaven, sharing alsoᅠ in his battles;
Yājñ. I, 71 MBh. Hariv. etc..; cf. RTL. p. 238 ;
in the more systematic mythology the Gandharvas constitute one of the classes into which the higher creation is divided
(i.e. gods, manes, Gandharvas AV. XI, 5, 2 ;
orᅠ gods, Asuras, Gandharvas, men TS. VII, 8, 25, 2 ;
cf. ṠBr. X ;
orᅠ gods, men, Gandharvas, Apsarasas, Sarpas, andᅠ manes AitBr. III, 31, 5 ;
for other enumerations cf. Nir. III, 8 Mn. I, 37 RTL. p. 237 ;
III, 196; VII, 23; XII, 47 Nal. etc..);
divine andᅠ human Gandharvas are distinguished
( TUp. II, 8 the divine orᅠ Deva-Gandharvas are enumerated MBh. I, 2550 ff. and 4810 ff.);
another passage names 11 classes of Gandharvas (TĀr. I, 9, 3) ;
the chief orᅠ leader of the Gandharvas is named Citra-ratha Bhag. X, 26 ;
they are called the creatures of Prajāpati Mn. I, 37 ;
orᅠ of Brahmā. Hariv. 11793 orᅠ of Kaṡyapa 11850 ;
orᅠ of the Munis MBh. I, 2550 Hariv. 11553 ;
orᅠ of Prādhā MBh. I, 2556 ;
orᅠ of Arishṭā Hariv. 234 VP. I, 21 orᅠ of Vāc ( PadmaP.);
with Jainas the Gandharvas constitute one of the eight classes of the Vyantaras>;
N. of the attendant of the 17th Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī L. ;
a singer VarBṛS. LXXXVII, 33 BhP. I, 11, 21 ;
the Koïl orᅠ black cuckoo L. ;
a sage, pious man Mahīdh. on VS. XXXII, 9 ;
a horse MBh. III, 11762 ;
cf. II, 1043 ;
the musk deer (derived fr. gandha) L. ;
the soul after death andᅠ previous to its being born again (corresponding in some respects to the western notion of a ghost) L. ;
N. of the 14th Kalpa orᅠ period of the world VāyuP. I, 21, 30 ;
of the 21st Muhūrta Sūryapr. ;
of a Svara orᅠ tone (for gāndhāra?) Hariv. II, 120, 4 ;
m. pl. the Gandharvas ( seeᅠ above);
N. of a people (named together with the Gāndhāras) R. VII, 100, 10 f. and 101, 2 ff. and 11 VarBṛS. XIV, 31 ;
(ā) f. Durgā Hariv. II, 120, 4 (v.l. gāndharvī);
(ī́) f. Gandharvī (daughter of Surabhi andᅠ mother of the race of horses MBh. I, 2631 f. R. III, 20, 28 f. VāyuP.)
RV. X, 11, 2 R. ;
night BhP. IV, 29, 21 ;
+ cf. Gk. κένταυρος fr. κενθαργγος
- गन्धर्वकन्या
- गन्धर्वखण्ड
- गन्धर्वगृहीत
- गन्धर्वग्रह
- गन्धर्वतैल
- गन्धर्वत्व
- गन्धर्वदत्ता
- गन्धर्वनगर
- गन्धर्वपत्नी
- गन्धर्वपद
- गन्धर्वपुर
- गन्धर्वराज
- गन्धर्वर्तु
- गन्धर्वलोक
- गन्धर्वविद्या
- गन्धर्वविवाह
- गन्धर्ववेद
- गन्धर्वहस्त
- गन्धर्वहस्तक
- गन्धर्वाप्सरस्
- गन्धर्वेष्ठा
-
8 अग्निहोत्र
agní-hotra1) ( agní-) mfn. sacrificing to Agni AV. VI, 97, 1 ;
(ī́) f. the cow destined for the Agnihotra ṠBr. AitBr. ;
( agni, hotri) - vatsá m. her calf. ṠBr. ;
agní-hotrá2) n. AV. etc. oblation to Agni (chiefly of milk, oil, andᅠ sour gruel;
there are two kinds of Agnihotra, one is nitya i.e. of constant obligation, the other kāmya i.e. optional);
the sacred fire Mn. Yājñ. etc.;
( agnihotra) - devatā f. the deity of the Agnihotra;
tvá n. the state of the Agnihotra MaitrS. ;
-sthālī́ f. a pot used at the Agnihotra ṠBr. ;
- hávanī f. a spoon used at the Agnihotra ṠBr. ĀṡvGṛ. ;
- hút, offering the Agnihotra AV. ;
- homa m. a libation at the Agnihotra KātySr. ;
agnihotrāyaṇin mfn. one who offers only the Agnihotra KātyṠr. ;
agnihotrâvṛit f. ( seeᅠ āvṛit) the mere Agnihotra without recitation of Vedic formulas KātyṠr. ;
agnihotrâ̱hutí < ṠBr. cf. āhuti> andᅠ agniḥotrêshṭi < KātyṠr. cf. ishṭi> f. a libation orᅠ offering at the Agnihotra;
agnihotrôcchishṭá < ṠBr. > andᅠ agnihotrôccheshaṇá < TS. >, n. the remains of the Agnihotra
-
9 उत्था
ut-thā( ud-sthā Pāṇ. 8-4, 61 ;
cf. ut-tambh) P. Ā. (but not Ā. in the sense of, « rising, standing up» Pāṇ. 1-3, 24)
- tishṭhati, - te (pf. - tasthau aor. - asthāt etc.) to stand up, spring up, rise, raise one's self, set out RV. AV. ṠBr. Ragh. Ṡak. Bhag. etc.;
to rise (from the dead) BhP. ;
to rise (from any occupation), leave off;
to finish AitBr. ṠBr. TāṇḍyaBr. etc.;
to come forth, arise, appear, become visible, result;
to spring, originate from RV. AV. ṠBr. TS. MBh. Kathās. etc.;
to come in (as revenues) Ṡak. ;
to rise (for the performance of any action);
to be active orᅠ brave;
to make efforts, take pains with, strive for;
to excel MBh. R. etc.:
Caus. - thāpayati (aor. 1. sg. úd-atishṭhipam AV. VII, 95, 2)
to cause, to stand up, raise, rouse, start
AV. AitBr. TBr. ṠBr. MBh. Daṡ. BhP. etc.. ;
to set up, lift up, erect Gobh. MBh. R. Hit. etc.;
to get out Hit. ;
to drive out, send out, push out AitBr.:Kathās. BhP. ;
to excite;
to produce Ragh. Sāh. ;
to arouse, awaken, raise to life, make alive, animate;
to stir up, agitate ṠBr. KaushUp. Hariv. R. Kathās. etc.:
Desid. - tishṭhāsati, to wish orᅠ intend to stand up ṠBr. XI, 1, 6, 5 ;
to intend to leave off (a sacrifice) Nyāyam.
-
10 एकविंश
éka-viṉṡámf (ī)n. the twentyfirst TS. ṠBr. etc.;
consisting of twenty-one parts (as the Ekaviṇṡa-stoma) VS. ṠBr. AitBr. etc.;
m. the Ekaviṇṡa-stoma AV. VIII, 9, 20 VS. ṠBr. etc.. ;
N. of one of the six Pṛishṭhya-stomas KātyṠr. XX, 6, 26; XXIII, 1, 18 ;
- vat mfn. accompanied with the Ekaviṇṡa-stoma ṠBr. VIII ;
- saṉpád f. accomplishing the number twenty-one ṠBr. ;
- stoma m. a Stoma (q.v.) consisting of twenty-one parts TS. V ṠBr. XIII.
-
11 चतुर्विंशति
catur-viṉṡati( cát-) f. sg. (once pl.;
alsoᅠ once n. sg. BhP. XII, 13, 4 and 7)
24 VS. XVIII, 25 ṠBr. etc.. ;
( ācaturviṉṡates, « to the 24th year» Mn. II, 38);
- kṛitvas ind. 24 times ĀpṠr. ;
(- tiṉkṛítvas ṠBr. IV);
- gavá n. sg. a set of 24 oxen ṠBr. VII, 2, 2, 6 ;
- tama mfn. the 24th (ch. of R.);
- tīrthaṉkara-pūjā f. « worship of the 24 Tirthaṃkaras (of the Jainas)»
N. of wk.;
- daṇḍaka-stava m. N. of wk.;
- dhā ind. twenty-fourfold Hcat. ;
- purāṇa n. N. of wk.;
- mata n. « views of the 24 chief legislators»
N. of wk. Yājñ. III, 327/328, 9; 33 and 48 ;
- māna n. a sum of 24 (paid in gold), TānḍyaBr. XVIII, 3, 2 ;
- vikrama mf (ā)n. ( cát-) measuring 24 paces ṠBr. III, 5, 1, 10 ;
- sāhasra mf (ī)n. consisting of 24000 MBh. I, 1, 102 R. (G) I, 4, 147 ;
- smṛiti f. = - mata;
- ty-akshara mf (ā)n. ( cát-) having 24 syllables ṠBr. RPrāt. ;
- ty-avatāra-caritra n. history of the 24 incarnations
N. of a work by Narahara-dāsa;
- ty-ahá m. sg. 24 days ṠBr. XI Gaut. PārGṛ. II, 3.
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12 चेद्
cếd( Padap. caid) ind., (never found at the beginning of a sentence orᅠ verse) = ca, « andᅠ» AV. II, 30, 2 ;
( céd-ca, « as well as»);
XVIII, 2, 37 ;
« when» (the verb being accentuated cf. Pāṇ. 8-1, 30)
RV. VII, 74, 4; VIII, 79, 5; X, 109, 3 AV. V, 17, 8 ;
« if» (the verb being accentuated cf. Pāṇ. 3-1, 30 ;
with pr. AV. XII, 4, 21 ṠBr. etc.. cf. Pāṇ. 3-3, 8f. and, 132 Kāṡ. ;
Subj. AV. VI, 122, 2 Pot. XII, 4, 48 ṠBr. XIV Mn. etc.. ;
(for Cond. MBh. V. 960 and Rājat. V, 478);
cf. Pāṇ. 3-3, 9 and 156 Kāṡ. >,
perf. < AV. VI, 51, 3 MBh. XII, 986ff. perf. p. Pāṇ. 3-3, 132 Kāṡ. >
aor. < AV. IV, 28, 4; XII, 4, 18 ; cf. Pāṇ. 3-3, 132 Kāṡ. >
fut. < ṠBr. I, XIV MBh. R. Ṡak. ; cf. Pāṇ. 3-3, 8f.; 132f. and 156 Kāṡ. >
Cond. < MBh. VII, 3423 Ṡak. ; cf. Pāṇ. 3-3, 139 Kāṡ. >,
perf. orᅠ fut. Pass. p. orᅠ with an auxiliar verb to be supplied
AV. IX, 5, 6; XII, 2, 36 KātyṠr. Mn. etc..)
athaced
« but if» MBh. V, 2775 Bhag. II, 33; XVIII, 58 ;
apiced
« even» Hariv. 11308 ;
iticen
(often placed at the end of an objector's statement)
« if it be argued that»
na
« no, it is not so» Bādar. II, 1, 35 Sarvad. II, 158 ;
orᅠ not-but
naced
(gaṇa câ̱di, alsoᅠ separated by the verb MBh. ;
orᅠ the verb preceded by na placed at the end of the sentence
ṠBr. XIV, 6, 8, 1 Bhag. II, 33; XVIII, 58 Hit. ;
rarely cenna in reversed order beginning the apodosis
Sāṃkhyak. 1 Sāh. Ṡrut. Hit.)
« if not» (= noced forming a sentence by itself
ṠBr. XIV, 7, 2, 15) ṠBr. XIV SāṇkhṠr. I, 17, 1 Mn. etc.. ;
noced
(gaṇa câ̱di) id. (forming a sentence by itself
e.g.. dūramapasaranoceddhantavyo'simayā,
« depart to a distance, if not i.e. if thou departest not, thou art to be killed by me»)
MBh. XII, 7, 21 and 29, 145; Pañcat. Kathās. Vet. Hit. ;
exceptionally = naced (beginning a sentence) MBh. XIII, 5809 ;
yadiced
( alsoᅠ separated by the verb) = ced, « if» (with pr. Pot. fut.)
MBh. I, 2403 Hariv. 11895 R. II, 8, 34 and 48, 19 (cf. ned.)
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13 त्रयस्त्रिंश
tráyas-triṉṡámf (ī́)n. the 33rd ṠBr. (du. « the 32nd andᅠ 33rd», IV, XI);
(chs. of MBh. and R.);
+ 33 ṠBr. XIII, 5, 4, 12 f. ;
consisting of 33 parts ( stóma, sometimes to be supplied) VS. AV. TBr. ṠBr. TāṇḍyaBr. MaitrUp. ;
numbering 33 (the gods) VS. XX AV. ṠBr. ṠāṇkhṠr. IV ;
celebrated with the - ṡá Stoma VS. ṠBr. KātyṠr. ṠāṇkhSr. ;
- sa-pati m. « lord of the gods», Indra L. ;
- ṡá-vartani mfn. forming the path for the - ṡá Stoma TS. IV ;
- ṡá-stoma mfn. containing the - ṡá Stoma ṠBr. XIII ṠāṇkhṠr. X.
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14 दिश्
diṡ
cl. 6. diṡáti, - te <later the only Pres. stem>;
pf. didéṡa, didiṡé;
fut. dekshyati, - te; deshṭā Siddh. ;
aor. adikshat ṠBr. etc.;
adikshi, ádishṭa RV. ;
inf. deshṭum MBh. etc.;
díṡe RV.) to point out, show, exhibit RV. VIII, 82, 15 ;
to produce, bring forward (as a witness in a court of justice) Mn. VIII ;
to promote, effect, accomplish Kir. I, 18 ;
to assign, grant, bestow upon (dat. RV. II, 41, 17 AV. XIV, 2, 13 ;
gen. MBh. III, 14278; XIII, 1843 ;
loc. R. I, 2, 28);
to pay (tribute) Hariv. 16061 ;
to order, command, bid (inf.) Kir. V, 28:
Pass. diṡyate MBh. etc.:
Caus. deṡayati, - te;
aor. adīdiṡat, to show, point out, assign MBh. R. ;
to direct, order, command ib. ;
teach, communicate, tell, inform confess Buddh.:
Desid. didikshati, - te, to wish to show etc.:
Intens. dédishṭe, 3. pl. - ṡate, (p. f. pl. - ṡatīs) to show, exhibit, manifest RV. ;
to order, command ib.:
Pass. dediṡyate, to show orᅠ approve one's self. AV. VS. ;
+ Cf. Zd. dis;
Gk. δείκνυμι;
Lat. dīco, in-dṛcare etc.;
Goth. teihan;
Old Eng. téon (fr. tíhan)
2) f. quarter orᅠ region pointed at, direction, cardinal point RV. AV. ṠBr. etc. (four in number, viz. prācī, east;
dakshiṇā, south;
pratici, west;
andᅠ udīcī, north AV. XV, 2, 1 ĀṡvGṛ. IV, 8 etc.. ;
Sometimes a 5th, dhruvā AV. III, 9, 15 ṠBr. IX, 4, 3, 10 ;
andᅠ a 6th, ūrdhvā AV. III, 27, 1 ṠBr. XIV, 6, 11, 5 ;
andᅠ a 7th, vy-adhvā AV. IV, 40, l ṠBr. IX, 5, 2, 8 ;
but oftener 8 are given i.e. the 4 cardinal andᅠ the 4 intermediate quarters, S.E., S. W. N. W., andᅠ N.E. Mn. I, 13 <cf. upa->;
andᅠ even a 9th, andᅠ 10th, tiryak orᅠ adhas andᅠ ūrdhvam
ṠBr. VI, 2, 2, 34 MBh. I, 729 ;
diṡāmpati <cf. dik-pati) below> = Soma RV. IX, 113, 2,
orᅠ = Rudra VS. XVI, 17);
quarter, region, direction, place, part
(pl., rarely eg. the whole world e.g.. diṡi, diṡi,
in all directions, everywhere Bhartṛ. I, 86 ;
digbhyas, from every quarter BhP. I, 15, 8 ;
diṡodiṡas, hither andᅠ thither Pañc. II, 116/117 ;
diṡo'valokya, looking into the quarter of the sky
i.e. into the air Ratn. IV, 4/5 díso'ntāt,
from the extremities of the world ib., Introd. 6);
country, esp. foreign country, abroad
(cf. dig-āgata andᅠ - lābha, below);
space (beside kāla) Kap. II, 12;
the numeral 10 (cf. above) Ṡrutab. Sūryas. ;
a hint, reference, instance, example Suṡr. Sāh. Sch. ;
precept, order, manner RV. ;
+ cf. δίκη
Old High Germ. ṡeiga ( seeᅠ alsoᅠ diṡā)>;
mark of a bite L. ;
N. of a river MBh. VI, 327. ;
3) a vulgar form for dṛiṡ, to seeᅠ Pāṇ. I, 3, 1 Vārtt. 13 Pat.
-
15 प्रजन्
pra-janĀ. - jāyate (ep. alsoᅠ P. - ti), to be born orᅠ produced, spring up from (abl.) be begotten (by <instr. orᅠ abl.>;
from <abl.>;
orᅠ with <loc.>;
in <loc. orᅠ adhi>) RV. etc. etc.;
to become an embryo ṠBr. ;
to be born again MBh. ;
to propagate offspring with orᅠ by (instr.) RV. ṠBr. Mn. ;
to bring forth, generate, bear, procreate (acc.);
beget on (loc. orᅠ instr.) MBh. ;
to cause to be reproduced ṠBr.:
Caus. - janayati, to cause any one (acc.) to propagate offspring (instr.) RV. ;
to beget, procreate MaitrS. (aor. prajanayāmakaḥ;
cf. Pāṇ. 3-1, 42) AV. ṠBr. ;
to cause to be reproduced ṠBr.:
Desid. - jijanishate, to wish to be born ṠBr.:
Desid. of Caus. - jijanayishati, to wish to cause to be conceived orᅠ born ib.
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16 विद्
vid1) cl. 2. P. Dhātup. XXIV, 56 ;
vetti ( vidmahe Br. ;
vedati, - te Up. MBh. ;
vidáti, - te AV. etc.;
vindati, - te MBh. etc.;
Impv. vidāṉ-karotu Pañcat. <cf. Pāṇ. 3-1, 41 >;
1. sg. impf. avedam, 2. sg. avet orᅠ aves Pāṇ. 8-2, 75, RV. etc.. etc.. ;
3. pl. avidus Br. ;
cf. Pāṇ. 3-4, 109 ;
avidan MBh. etc.;
pf. véda <often substituted for pr. vetti cf. Pāṇ. 3-4, 83 >, 3. pl. vidús orᅠ vidre RV. ;
viveda MBh. etc.;
vidāṉcakā́ra Br. etc. <cf. Pāṇ. 3-1, 38 ;
accord. toᅠ Vop. alsoᅠ vidām-babhūva>;
aor. avedīt ib. ;
vidām-akran TBr. ;
fut. veditā́ ṠBr. ;
vettā MBh. fut. vedishyati, - te Br. Up. ;
vetsyati, - te MBh. etc.;
inf. véditum, - tos Br. ;
vettum MBh. etc.;
ind. p. viditvā́ Br. etc.), to know, understand, perceive, learn, become orᅠ be acquainted with, be conscious of, have a correct notion of (with acc., in older, language alsoᅠ with gen.;
with inf. = to know how to) RV. etc. etc. ( viddhiyathā, « know that» ;
vidyāt, « one should know», « it should be understood» ;
yaevamveda <in Br. >, « who knows thus», who has this knowledge);
to know orᅠ regard orᅠ consider as, take for, declare to be, call (esp. in 3. pl. vidus, with two acc. orᅠ with acc. andᅠ nom. with iti,
e.g.. taṉsthaviraṉviduḥ, « they consider orᅠ call him aged» ;
rājarshiritimāṉviduḥ, « they consider me a Rājarshi») Up. Mn. MBh. etc.;
to mind, notice, observe, remember (with gen. orᅠ acc.) RV. AV. Br. ;
to experience, feel (acc. orᅠ gen.) RV. etc. etc.;
to wish to know, inquire about (acc.) ṠBr. MBh.:
Caus. vedáyate (rarely - ti;
aor. avīvidat;
Pass. vedyate), to make known, announce, report, tell ṠBr. etc. etc.;
to teach, explain ṠāṇkhṠr. Nir. ;
to recognize orᅠ regard as, take for (two acc.) MBh. Kāv. etc.;
to feel, experience ṠBr. Mn. etc.:
Desid. of Caus. in vivedayishu q.v.:
Desid. vividishati orᅠ vivitsati, to wish to know orᅠ learn, inquire about (acc.) ṠBr. etc. etc.:
Intens. vevidyate, vevetti
+ Gr. cf. Gk. εἶδον for ἐγγιδον, οἶδα for γγοιδα = veda;
Lat. videre;
Slav. věděti;
Goth. witan, wait;
Germ. wiṡṡan, wissen;
Angl. Sax. wât;
Eng. wot
víd2) mfn. knowing, understanding, a knower (mostly ifc.;
superl. vit-tama) KaṭhUp. Mn. MBh. etc.;
m. the planet Mercury VarBṛS. (cf. 2. jña);
f. knowledge understanding RV. KaushUp. ;
(pl.) Bhām. ;
3) (originally identical with 1. vid) cl. 6. P. Ā. Dhātup. XXVIII, 138 ;
vindáti, - te (Ved. alsoᅠ vitté, vidé;
p. vidāná orᅠ vidāna <q.v.>;
ep. 3. pl. vindate Pot. vindyāt, often = vidyāt;
pf. vivéda <3. pl. vividus Subj. vividat>, vividvás, 3. pl. vividre, vidré RV. etc. etc.;
p. vividvás RV. ;
vividivas Pāṇ. 7-2, 68 ;
aor. ávidat, - data ib. <Ved. Subj. vidā́si, -dā́t;
Pot. vidét, deta VS. AV. Br. ;
3. sg. videshṭa AV. II, 36, 3 >;
Ā. 1. sg. avitsi RV. Br. ;
fut. vettā, vedishyati Gr.;
vetsyati, - te Br. etc.;
inf. vidé RV. ;
vettum MBh. etc.;
véttave AV. ;
- ttavai <?> andᅠ - tos Br. ;
ind. p. vittvā́ AV. Br. ;
- vidya Br. etc.), to find, discover, meet orᅠ fall in with, obtain, get, acquire, partake of, possess RV. etc. etc. (with diṡas, to find out the quarters of she sky MBh.);
to get orᅠ procure for (dat.) RV. ChUp. ;
to seek out, look for, attend to RV. etc. etc.;
to feel, experience Cāṇ. ;
to consider as, take for (two acc.) Kāv. ;
to come upon, befall, seize, visit RV. AV. Br. ;
to contrive, accomplish, perform, effect, produce RV. ṠBr. ;
(Ā. m. c. alsoᅠ P.) to take to wife, marry (with orᅠ scil. bhāryām) RV. Mn. MBh. etc.;
to find (a husband), marry (said of a woman) AV. Mn. MBh. ;
to obtain (a son, with orᅠ scil. sutam) BhP.:
Pass. orᅠ Ā. vidyáte (ep. alsoᅠ - ti;
p. vidyamāna <q.v.>;
aor. avedi), to be found, exist, be RV. etc. etc.;
(esp. in later language) vidyate, « there is, there exists», often with na, « there is not» ;
with bhoktum, « there is something to eat» ;
followed by a fut., « is it possible that?» Pāṇ. 3-3, 146 Sch. ;
yathā-vidé, « as it happens» i.e. « as usual», « as well as possible» RV. I, 127, 4 etc..:
Caus. vedayati, to cause to find etc. MBh.:
Desid. vividishati orᅠ vivitsati, - te Gr. (cf. vivitsita):
Intens. vevidyate, vevetti ib. (for p. vévidat andᅠ - dāna seeᅠ vi- andᅠ saṉvid)
4) (ifc.) finding, acquiring, procuring ( seeᅠ anna-, aṡva-, ahar-vid etc.)
5) cl. 7. Ā. Dhātup. XXIX, 13 ;
vintte, to consider as, take for (two acc.) Bhaṭṭ.
-
17 साधु
sādhusādhúmf (vī́)n. straight, right RV. AV. BhP. ;
leading straight to a goal, hitting the mark, unerring (as an arrow orᅠ thunderbolt) RV. ṠBr. ;
straightened, not entangled (as threads) Kauṡ. ;
well-disposed, kind, willing, obedient RV. R. ;
successful, effective, efficient (as a hymn orᅠ prayer) RV. Kām. ;
ready, prepared (as Soma) RV. AitBr. ;
peaceful, secure RV. ;
powerful, excellent, good for (loc.) orᅠ towards (loc. gen., dat. acc., with prati, anu, abhi, pari, orᅠ comp.) ṠBr. etc. etc.;
fit, proper, right VarBṛS. ;
good, virtuous, honourable, righteous ṠBr. Mn. MBh. etc.;
well-born, noble, of honourable orᅠ respectable descent W. ;
correct, pure;
classical (as language) ib. ;
m. a good orᅠ virtuous orᅠ honest man ṠBr. Mn. MBh. etc.;
a holyman, saint, sage, seer Kālid. ;
(with Jainas) a Jina orᅠ deified saint W. ;
a jeweller Hit. ;
a merchant, money-lender, usurer L. ;
(in gram. accord. toᅠ some) a derivative orᅠ inflected noun;
(vī) f. a chaste orᅠ virtuous woman, faithful wife Mn. MBh. etc.;
a saintly woman W. ;
a kind of root (= medā) L. ;
n. the good orᅠ right orᅠ honest, a good etc. thing orᅠ act ( sādhvasti with dat., « it is well with-» ;
sādhu-man with acc., to consider a thing good, approve) RV. etc. etc.;
gentleness, kindness, benevolence ṠBr. MBh. etc.;
(ú) ind. straight, aright, regularly RV. AV. ;
well, rightly, skilfully, properly, agreeably (with vṛit andᅠ loc., « to behave well towards»
<once sā́dhu, in RV. VIII, 32, 10 >;
with kṛi, « to set eight» ;
with ās, « to be well orᅠ at ease») RV. etc. etc.;
good! well done! bravo! ṠBr. MBh. etc.;
well, greatly, in a high degree R. Kām. BhP. ;
well, enough of. away with (instr.)! MBh. Pañcat. ;
well come on! (with Impv. orᅠ 1. pr.) MBh. Kāv. etc.;
assuredly, indeed R. Kām. ;
- साधुकर्मन्
- साधुकार
- साधुकारिन्
- साधुकीर्ति
- साधुकृत्
- साधुकृत
- साधुकृत्य
- साधुगत
- साधुचरण
- साधुचरित्र
- साधुज
- साधुजन
- साधुजात
- साधुतम
- साधुतर
- साधुतस्
- साधुता
- साधुदत्त
- साधुदर्शिन्
- साधुदायिन्
- साधुदेविन्
- साधुदेवी
- साधुद्वितिल्य
- साधुधी
- साधुध्वनि
- साधुनिगुहिन्
- साधुनिग्रह
- साधुपदवी
- साधुपुत्र
- साधुपुष्प
- साधुप्रतिक्रमणसूत्र
- साधुफल
- साधुभाव
- साधुमत्
- साधुमत
- साधुमात्र
- साधुमात्रा
- साधुम्मन्य
- साधुरत्नसूरि
- साधुरन्धिन्
- साधुवत्
- साधुवन्दन
- साधुवाचक
- साधुवाद
- साधुवादिन्
- साधुवाह
- साधुवाहिन्
- साधुविगर्हित
- साधुवृक्ष
- साधुवृत्त
- साधुवृत्ति
- साधुवेष
- साधुशब्द
- साधुशील
- साधुशुक्ल
- साधुष्ठान
- साधुसंसर्ग
- साधुसंस्कृत
- साधुसमक्षरूप
- साधुसमाचार
- साधुसम्मत
- साधुसिद्ध
-
18 आदित्य
ādityá1) (Pāṇ. 4-1, 85) mfn. belonging to orᅠ coming from Aditi TS. II, 2, 6, 1 ṠBr. etc.. ;
m. « son of Aditi» ;
(ās) m. pl.
N. of seven deities of the heavenly sphere RV. IX, 114, 3, etc.. ṠBr. III, 1, 3, 3 ;
(the chief is Varuṇa, to whom the N. Āditya is especially applicable;
the succeeding five are Mitra, Aryaman, Bhaga, Daksha, Aṇṡa;
that of the seventh is probably Sūrya orᅠ Savitṛi;
as a class of deities they are distinct from the viṡvedevāḥ ChUp. ;
sometimes their number is supposed to be eight TS. Sāy. ;
andᅠ in the period of the Brāhmaṇas twelve, as representing the sun in the twelve months of the year ṠBr. IV, 5, 7, 2, etc..);
N. of a god in general, especially of Sūrya (the sun) RV. AV. AitBr. ṠBr. Ṡiṡ. etc.;
N. of Vishṇu in his Vāmana orᅠ dwarf avatāra (as son of Kaṡyapa andᅠ Aditi) ChUp. ;
the plant Calotropis Gigantea L. ;
(au) m. du. N. of a constellation, the seventh lunar mansion L. ;
(ā) f. (?) the sun VS. IV, 21 ;
(am) n. = au (cf. punar-vasu);
N. of a Sāman. ChUp. ;
2) mfn. (Pāṇ. 4-1, 85) relating orᅠ belonging to orᅠ coming from the Ādityas RV. I, 105, 16 VS. ṠBr. etc.. ;
relating to the god of the sun
- आदित्यकान्ता
- आदित्यकेतु
- आदित्यकेशव
- आदित्यगति
- आदित्यगर्भ
- आदित्यग्रह
- आदित्यचन्द्रौ
- आदित्यजूत
- आदित्यज्योतिस्
- आदित्यतीर्थ
- आदित्यतेजस्
- आदित्यत्व
- आदित्यदर्शन
- आदित्यदास
- आदित्यदेव
- आदित्यदेवत
- आदित्यनामन्
- आदित्यपत्त्र
- आदित्यपर्णिका
- आदित्यपर्णिन्
- आदित्यपर्णिनी
- आदित्यपाक
- आदित्यपात्र
- आदित्यपुराण
- आदित्यपुष्पिका
- आदित्यप्रभ
- आदित्यबन्धु
- आदित्यभक्ता
- आदित्यमण्डल
- आदित्ययशस्
- आदित्यलोक
- आदित्यवत्
- आदित्यवनि
- आदित्यवर्ण
- आदित्यवर्मन्
- आदित्यवल्लभा
- आदित्यव्रत
- आदित्यव्रतिक
- आदित्यशयन
- आदित्यसंवत्सर
- आदित्यसूक्त
- आदित्यसूनु
- आदित्यसेन
- आदित्यस्तोत्र
- आदित्यस्थाली
- आदित्यस्वामिन्
- आदित्यहृदय
- आदित्याचार्य
- आदित्यानुवर्तिन्
-
19 आवृत्
ā-vṛit
Inf. - vṛíte RV. III, 42, 3)
to turn orᅠ draw round orᅠ back orᅠ near RV. ṠāṇkhṠr. ;
to turn orᅠ go towards;
to turn round orᅠ back, return, revolve RV. AV. VS. ṠBr. ChUp. MBh. Kathās. R. etc..:
Caus. P. - vartayati (Ved. Subj. - vavártati Pot. - vavṛityāt, etc.) Ā. - vartayate (Ved. Pot. - vavṛitīta, etc.) to cause to turn, roll;
to draw orᅠ turn towards;
to lead near orᅠ towards;
to bring back;
to turn round orᅠ back RV. AV. VS. TBr. MBh. BhP. etc.. ;
to repeat, recite, say repeatedly;
to pray ĀṡvṠr. KātyṠr. Kathās. R. Hariv. etc.:
Intens. - varīvartti RV. I, 164, 31 AV. IX, 10, 11, etc..,
to move quickly orᅠ repeatedly
ā-vṛít2) f. turning towards orᅠ home, entering RV. ;
turn of path orᅠ way, course, process, direction AV. VS. TS. ṠBr. ;
progress of an action, occurrence, a series of actions ṠBr. AitBr. etc.;
doing an act without speaking orᅠ silently (cf. agnihotrâ̱vṛit) ṠBr. KātyṠr. ĀṡvṠr. etc.;
order, method ṠBr.
-
20 उत्क्रम्
ut-kram
(Ved. impf. 3. pl. - akraman AV. IV, 3, 1),
- te (pf. 3. pl. - cakramus ṠBr.)
to step up, go up, ascend AV. VS. TS. ṠBr. KātyṠr. R. Kathās. etc.. ;
to step out, go out orᅠ away;
to pass away, die ṠBr. Mn. Nir. Kād. etc.. ;
to go over, pass over, omit;
not to notice;
to neglect, transgress MBh. R. etc..:
Caus. P. - kramayati andᅠ - krāmayati, to cause to go up orᅠ ascend TS. ṠBr. Kauṡ. etc.:
Desid. - cikramishati, orᅠ - cikramishyati, to wish to go up orᅠ out ṠBr. ChUp.
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