ῥάγ-δην

ῥαγή ( δια-)

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `tore, chink, gap, cleft' (Hp.).

Other forms: more usu. ῥαγ-άς, - άδος f. `id.' (hell. a. late).

Derivatives: - άδιον n. dimin. (Celsus), beside it ῥάγ-δην `torrential, fierce, vehement' adv. (Plu.) with ῥαγδ-αῖος `id.' (com., Arist.), - αιότης f. (Poll.); for the meaning cf. ῥαγά ( ῥάγα cod.) ἀκμή, βία, ὁρμή H. (also Erot. on ῥαγή).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]

Etymology: Primary nouns (resp. adv.) from ῥαγῆναι, ῥήγνυμι, but a form with short α is then impossible ( ῥαγῆναι must be analogical). Diff. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 41 n. 3: to ῥάσσω `bump'); s.v. The word may well be Pre-Greek; note also ῥαγδ-αιος with ῥαγδ- which is hardly taken from ῥάγδην.

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Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to beat, to smash, to thrust, to stamp' (also of dancers), intr. `to strike, to dash' (hell.).

Other forms: Att. ῥάττω, Ion. ῥήσσω (ep. Σ 571, ἐπι- ῥάσσω Ω 454, 456, h.Ap. 516, also LXX, NT), fut. ῥάξω, aor. ῥᾶξαι (Att., hell.), ῥαχθῆναι (LXX).

Compounds: Also w. prefix, e.g. ἐπι-, συν-, κατα-.

Derivatives: 1. σύρ-, πρόσ-ραξις f. `crash, impact' (Arist., pap.), ἀπό- ῥάσσω n. of a ball-game (Poll., Eust.). 2. κατα-ρράκτης as adj. `rushing down, precipitous' (S., Str.), as subst. m. `waterfall' (D. S., Str.), `portcullis, boarding bridge' (LXX, App. a.o.), n. bird that sweeps down (Ar., Arist.), Κατα-ρρήκτης m. n. of a river in Phrygia (Hdt.); κατα-ρρακτήρ `rushing down' (Lyc.; of a bird). 3. ῥακτήριον ὄρχησίς τις, - τήρια τύμπανα H., ῥακτήριος approx. `suitable for beating', also `clamorous'? (S. Fr. 802 u. 699); ῥάκτριαι f. (- ια n.?) pl. `staffs, to beat off olives' (Poll., H., Phot.). On ῥάγ-δην, - δαῖος s. ῥαγή; on ῥαχία s.v.

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: Rather rare verb, which in the koine was confused with ῥήγνυμι. Without certain connection. As before the ῥ- a consonant must have disappeared, an original PGr. *Ϝρά̄χ-ι̯ω (cf. ῥαχ-ία) can be identified with a Slavic verb for `beat' (also with loss of u̯-), e.g. Russ. razítь, Czech. raziti, to which a.o. Czech. ráz `stroke, stamp', Russ. raz `turn', IE *u̯rāǵ(h)- (WP. 1, 318f. with Lidén Ein balt.-slav. Anlautges. 24 f.). The Slav. words, however, have also been connected with Russ. rézatь `cut, slaughter', OCS rězati ' κόπτειν' etc. and so with ῥήγνυμι (s. Vasmer s. raz II and Fraenkel s. rė́zti 1), which however clearly semant. slightly deviate. (As in Greek ῥήσσω and ῥήγνυμι, so in Slav. the corresponding verbs may have partly coalesced. -- The attractive connection with ἀράσσω (Bechtel Lex. s. ῥήσσω with Joh. Schmidt; cf. ταλα-: τλᾱ-, ταράξαι: θρά̄σσω) would require a PGr. *Ϝαράχ-ι̯ω; but there is no trace of a Ϝ-. Cf. ῥάχις.

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