ὑπερ-πέσσω

ὑπερ-πέσσω, übermäßig, mehr als zu gut verdauen

Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: `ripe', metaph. `soft, mild'.

Other forms: m. f. (ion. att.; Hom. only voc. πέπον, s.v.), f. also πέπειρα (Anacr., Hp., S., Ar.) with new m. πέπειρος (Hp., Thphr., LXX); comp. a. superl. πεπαί-τερος, - τατος (after πεπαίνω [Schwyzer 535]?), also πεπειρό-τερος, - τατος (cf. Leumann Mus. Helv. 2, 9f. = Kl. Schr. 223f.),

Derivatives: πεπαίνω, aor. πεπᾶν-αι, - θῆναι with - θήσομαι, perf. inf. πεπάνθαι (Arist.), also w. ἐκ-, κατα-, ὑπερ-, `to make ripe, to ripen', metaph. `to mollify, to mellow, to soothe' (IA.) with πέπαν-σις f. `ripening' (Arist.), - τικός `making ripe' (Hp., Dsc.); backformation πέπαν-ος (- ός) `ripe' (Paus., Artem.); πέπανας πλακούντια H. (= πόπανα, s. πέσσω).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [798] * pekʷ- `cook'

Etymology: Old primary formation with n-suffix from the IE verb for `cook, make ripe' (s. πέσσω); so prob. from IE * pekʷ-on-; cf. first πίων ( πέπειρα in any case after πίειρα). Parallel goes the u̯o-formation in Skt. pak-vá-, Pasht. pox `cooked, done, ripe'. Nothing resists connecting πέπων, if from *πέπ-Ϝων, directly with this (on the phonetics cf. Schwyzer 301). -- The ep. voc. πέπον `deer, best !' (on it Brunius-Nilsson Δαιμόνιε [Diss. Uppsala 1955] 55ff.) Specht KZ 55, 18 f. wants to separate it from πέπων `ripe' and connect with Lith. pẽpinti `coddle'; thus on πεπαίνω in the meaning `weaken' Fraenkel Arch. Philol. 7, 21 ff.; all of this strongly doubted and rejected by Fraenkel Wb. s. v. and s. paĩkas. --Further s. πέσσω.

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Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `boil, seethe' (mostly intr.; s. Brunel Aspect verbal 198f.).

Other forms: Aor. ζέ(σ)σαι (Il.), late forms ζέννυμι (to ζέσαι after σβέσαι: σβέννυμι a. o.), ἔζεσμαι, ἐζέσθην,

Compounds: also with prefix, e. g. ἀνα-, ἀπο-, ἐκ-, ἐπι-, ὑπερ-,

Derivatives: also from the prefixcompounds: ( ἀνά-, ἔκ-, ὑπέρ-)ζέσις `seething, boiling' (Pl., Arist.; s. Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 53, 163); ( ἐπί-, ἀπό-)ζέμα `boiling, decoction' (LXX, medic.), also ἀπό-ζεσμα `id.' ( PHolm.); ἔκ-ζε(σ)μα `eczema' (medic.); ἀνά-ζεσμος `boiling up' (Aët.); verbal adj. ( ἔκ-, ὑπέρ)ζεστός `boiled, seething, hot' (Arist., Str.) with ζεστότης `heat' (Paus.). With ablaut, nevertheless prob. late: ζόη τὸ ἐπάνω τοῦ μέλιτος H., acc. to Eust. 906, 52 `foam on the milk'.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [506] * ies- `boil, foam'

Etymology: The thematic root present ζέω from *ζέσ-ω (cf. ζεσ-τός, ζέσ-μα) is identical with Skt. yasati (gramm.) `seethe, boil', Germ., e. g. OHG jesan `ferment, foam'; IE -i̯ésō. In Skt. the yot present yás-ya-ti and the reduplicated yéṣati (\< ya-iṣ-); a mix of these buildings seems Av. yaēš-ya- (ptc. acc. sg. f. yaēšyantīm) `boil'. The verb is found also in Tocharian, A ysäṣ (pres. ind. 3. sg.; stem yäs-), B yayāsau (ptc. pret.) `boil'; further Alban. ziej (IE *i̯esei̯ō), Mann Lang. 28, 38; Celtic has nominal formations, e. g. Gallo-Rom. *i̯estā `foam', Welsh ias `boil, foam'. See Bq. - Another expression for `boil' which is less widely spread is ἕψω (s. v.); cf. also πέσσω.

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