ἀποδώσομαι

ἀποδίδωμι

give up: fut ind mid 1st sg

ἀποδίδωμι

give up: fut ind mid 1st sg

πέρνημι, [ per.] 3pl.

A

περνᾶσι Thgn.1215

, Hippon.46 ([ per.] 2sg. περνᾷς dub. in 52) ; part.

περνάς Il.22.45

, Hippon.52 (v. l.), E.Cyc. 271 : [dialect] Ep. Iterat. [ per.] 3sg.

πέρνασκε Il.24.752

: [dialect] Ep. [tense] fut. inf.

περάαν 21.454

(but [tense] pres. περάω is wrongly inferred from forms like ἐπέρασσα): [tense] aor. ἐπέρασσα ib.40, Od.15.387 ; part.

περάσαντες h.Cer. 132

; [tense] aor. opt. [ per.] 3sg. περάσειε [ᾰ] Od.14.297; [tense] aor. subj. [ per.] 2pl.

περάσητε 15.453

, cf. ἀποπέρνημι ; also [tense] aor.

ἔπρησα Schwyzer 714

(Samos, vi B. C.): [tense] pf.

πέπρᾱκα Alex.146.1

, Is.7.31, etc. (v. infr.): [tense] plpf. ἐπεπράκειν [pron. full] [ᾱ] D.18.23 :—[voice] Pass., [tense] pres. [ per.] 3sg.

πέρνᾰται Ar.Eq. 176

, Hsch.: [tense] impf. [ per.] 3pl.

ἐπέρναντο Pi.I.2.7

; part. περνάμενος [pron. full] [ᾰ] Il.18.292 : [tense] pf. part. once

πεπερημένος 21.58

; elsewh. the [tense] pf. is [dialect] Att. πέπρᾱμαι, A.Ch. 132, S.Ph. 978, etc., inf.

πεπρᾶσθαι Ar. Ach. 734

, Pax 1011, And.1.73, etc.; [dialect] Ion.

πέπρημαι Hdt.2.56

, imper.

πεπρήσθω SIG45.35

(Halic., V B.C.), inf. πεπρῆσθαι ib.38: [tense] plpf.

ἐπέπρᾱτο Ar.Ach. 522

: [tense] aor. Trag. and [dialect] Att. ἐπράθην [pron. full] [ᾱ] Sol.36.7, A.Ch. 915, And.1.133, etc.; [dialect] Ion.

ἐπρήθην Hdt.1.156

, SIG229.5 (Erythrae, iv B. C.), etc.: [dialect] Att. [tense] fut. πεπράσομαι [pron. full] [ᾱ] Ar.V. 179, X.An.7.1.36, later

πρᾱθήσομαι Sopat.6

, LXX Le.25.23, etc., cf. Moer.p.294 P.: [dialect] Aeol. [tense] pres. inf. [full] πόρναμεν Hsch. (fort. πορνάμεναι): [tense] pres. part. [voice] Pass. πορνάμεναι Id.—In [dialect] Att. the usual [tense] pres. in act. sense is πωλέω, [tense] fut. ἀποδώσομαι, [tense] aor. ἀπεδόμην: from πέπρᾱμαι, ἐπράθην, etc. is formed the later [tense] pres. [voice] Pass. [full] πιπράσκομαι, first found in Lys.18.20, interpol. in Pl.Phd. 69b, Sph. 224a, and from this the [tense] pres. [voice] Act. [full] πιπράσκω first found in Luc.Asin.32: [tense] impf.

ἐπίπρασκον Plu.2.178c

, Per.16; [dialect] Ion. [full] πιπρήσκω Call.Iamb.1.93, v.l. in Hp.Ep.17:— export for sale, in [dialect] Ep. usu. of exporting captives to foreign parts for sale as slaves,

πολλοὺς ζωοὺς ἑλον ἠδὲ πέρασσα Il.21.102

, cf. Od.14.297; π. τινὰ Αῆμνον sell one to Lemnos, Il.21.40; ἐς Αῆμνον ib.58 ([voice] Pass.), 78;

σέ γε.. νηυσὶν λάβον ἠδ' ἐπέρασσαν τοῦδ' ἀνδρὸς πρὸς δώμαθ' Od.15.387

; κατ' ἀλλοθρόους ἀνθρώπους ib. 453;

δήσειν καὶ περάαν νήσων ἔπι τηλεδαπάων Il.21.454

;

κτείνων καὶ περνὰς ν. ἔ. τ. 22.45

;

πέρνασχ' ὅν τιν' ἕλεσκε πέρην ἁλὸς.. ἐς Σάμον 24.752

;

οὐδ' ἡμᾶς περνᾶσι Thgn.

l. c., cf. Hippon.46; later also of other merchandise,

ὡς χαραδριὸν περνάς Id.52

(v.l. μῶν.. περνᾷς;; τοῖς ξένοις τὰ χρήματα περνάντα σ' εἶδον E.Cyc. l. c.:—[voice] Pass.,

κτήματα περνάμεν' ἵκει Il.18.292

, cf. Pi.I.2.7;

πάντα.. πέρναται Ar.Eq. 176

.

2 simply, sell (as always in the [dialect] Att. forms),

τὰ κτήματα πέντε ταλάντων πεπρακότας Is.

l.c.:—[voice] Pass., to be sold, esp. for exportation, Sol. l. c., Hdt.1.156, A.Ch. 915, E. Ion 310 ; ἐς Αιβύην, ἐς Θεσπρωτούς, Hdt.2.54,56;

ἐπ' ἐξαγωγῇ SIG45.38

(Halic., V B.C.); ὠνούμενά τε καὶ πιπρασκόμενα interpol. in Pl.Phd. 69b;

τὸ ὠνηθὲν ἢ πραθέν Id.Lg. 850a

; πραθείσης ὀλίγου [τῆς πεντηκοστῆς] the tax of 2 per cent. having been sold or let for a small sum, And.1.133.

II sell for a bribe, of political leaders,

τοὺς πεπρακότας αὑτοὺς ἐκείνῳ D.10.63

, cf. 17.13;

τὰ ὅλα πεπρακέναι Id.18.28

; τἆλλα πλὴν ἑαυτοὺς οἰομένοις πωλεῖν πρώτους ἑαυτοὺς πεπρακόσιν αἰσθέσθαι ib.46;

τὴν πατρῴαν γῆν πεπρακέναι Din.1.71

;

πεπρακότες τὴν τοῦ βίου παρρησίαν Alex.146.1

: metaph. in [voice] Pass., πέπραμαι I am bought and sold !, i. e. betrayed, ruined,

πέπραμαι κἀπόλωλα S.Ph. 978

;

εὐμορφίᾳ πραθεῖσα E.Tr. 936

. (Cogn. with περάω (A), πέραν, OIr. renaid 'he sells'.)

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to take for selling, to sell' (Il.).

Other forms: πέρναμαι (Il.), aor. περασ(σ)αι (Il., also Aeol. a. Ion. inscr.) w. fut. inf. περάαν (Φ 454), pass. πρᾱθῆναι, Ion. πρηθ-, w. fut. - ήσομαι, perf. midd. πέπρᾱμαι, - ημαι (IA.), w. fut. πεπράσομαι (Ar., X.); as young Att. innovations act. πέπρᾱκα and pres. πιπράσκομαι, later -ω (Thphr. [?], Luc., Plu.), - ήσκω (Call.); further forms: ἔπρησα (Samos VI^a; to ἐπήθην), πέρνησον πώλησον H. (from present); πεπερημένος (Φ 58; for πεπρημένος after περάσαι).

Compounds: Also w. ἀπο-, παρα-, συν- a.o..

Derivatives: 1. πρᾶσις, Ion. πρῆσις f. ( διά-, ἀπό- πέρνημι a.o.) `sale' (IA.) with πράσιμος `for sale' (Pl., X.; Arbenz 64 a. 66). 2. ἀπόπραμα n. `sub-letting' (hell. pap.). 3. πρατήρ, Ion. πρη- m. `salesman' (IA.) with - ήριον n. `selling point, market' (Hdt.; hell.); also πράτωρ, - ορος m. `id.' (hell. inscr. a. pap.; προ- πέρνημι Din. a. Is. in Poll.) with πρατορεύω `to act as a salesman' (Tenos III<sup>a</sup>). 4. πράτης, - ου m. `id.' (also συμ-, προ- πέρνημι; Att. orator in Poll., pap.); in late papp. etc. often in compounds like ἐλαιο-, οἰνο-πρά-της; cf. also Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 43 f. a. 214. 5. πρατικός in -ή, - όν `sales tax', resp. `sale on commission' (pap.).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [817] * perh₂- `sell'

Etymology: The system περᾰ́-σαι: πέ-πρᾱ-μαι, πρᾱ-θῆναι agrees with zu κερᾰ́σαι: κέ-κρᾱ-μαι, κρᾱ-θῆναι; also with πελᾰ́-σαι: πέ-πλη-μαι, πλῆ-το (s. κεράννυμι and πέλας) etc.; to this πέρ-νη-μι, περ-να-μαι with analog. ε for orig. zero grade, which appears in πορνάμεν πωλεῖν, πορνάμεναι πωλούμεναι H. (Aeol.). The antiquity of this present formation is shown by the identical forms in Celt., OIr. renim `sell' (IE *pr̥-neh₂-: *pr̥-nh₂-); cf. κίρνημι, πίλναμαι. Further without exact non-Gr. agreement. The word represents an old branch of the great family of πείρω, πέρᾱ (s. vv.); on the development of the meaning Schulze Kl. Schr. 203 n. 3, Benveniste BSL 51, 38. -- As present and aor. act. were used for the vanishing πέρνημι, πέρναμαι and περάσαι, esp. in Ion. and Att., other verbs: πωλεῖν ( πωλῆσαι) and ἀποδόσθαι ( ἀποδίδοσθαι), also in fut. πωλήσω and ἀποδώσομαι; s. Chantraine Rev. de phil. 66, 11ff. w. further details a. lit. S. also πόρνη.

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