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41 bati
------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] bati[Swahili Plural] mabati[English Word] corrugated iron[Part of Speech] noun[Swahili Example] nyumba ya bati [mabati][English Example] corrugated-iron hut------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] bati[Swahili Plural] mabati[English Word] galvanized iron sheet[English Plural] iron sheets[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] bati[Swahili Plural] mabati[English Word] metal[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] bati[Swahili Plural] mabati[English Word] sheet metal[Part of Speech] noun[Swahili Example] fundi wa bati[English Example] sheet-metal worker------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] bati[Swahili Plural] mabati[English Word] roof of metal[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6[Swahili Example] alinijengea kijumba kidogo cha bati [Kez]------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] bati[Swahili Plural] mabati[English Word] tin[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6[Swahili Example] tia bati[English Example] coat or line with tin------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] bati[Swahili Plural] mabati[English Word] zinc[Part of Speech] noun------------------------------------------------------------ -
42 device
1. устройство; приспособление; механизм; аппарат; прибор2. маркаdevice of double sheet control stop — устройство для автоматической остановки машины при подаче сдвоенных листов
air conditioning device — акклиматизационная установка, установка для кондиционирования воздуха, кондиционер
air cushion device — устройство для создания воздушной подушки, устройство для поддува
automatic rubber blanket wash-up device — автоматическое устройство для смывки офсетной резинотканевой пластины
3. устройство для копирования микрокарт4. устройство для копирования апертурных картcontrol device — управляющее устройство, контрольный прибор
corona charging device — зарядное устройство с коронатором, коронирующее зарядное устройство
cutoff device — устройство рубки, устройство резки
decurling device — устройство для разглаживания ; устройство, предотвращающее скручивание, устройство для предотвращения скручивания
detecting device — следящее устройство, детектор
doctoring device — ракельное устройство, ракель
electrophotographic fixing device — устройство для закрепления электрофотографического изображения; закрепляющее устройство электрофотографического аппарата
exposure safeguarding device — устройство, гарантирующее правильную величину экспозиции
fail-safe security device — предохранительно-блокирующее устройство, устройство, обеспечивающее безопасность работы
feeding device — питающее устройство; самонаклад
feed roller force adjusting device — устройство для регулирования степени прижима листоподающего ролика
finger guard device — рукоотталкиватель, рукоограждающее устройство
hand safety device — рукоотталкиватель, рукоограждающее устройство
imaging device — устройство, формирующее изображение
5. лентопитающее устройство6. устройство для передачи листов в захватыinking device — устройство для наката краски; накатная группа красочного аппарата
ink mist prevention device — устройство, предотвращающее пыление краски
7. устройство на входе, входное устройство8. устройство ввода данныхready/not ready device — устройство готовности
9. устройство для передачи листа в захватыattached device — навесной элемент; прикрепленное устройство
10. устройство для захватаmapping device — устройство отображения; способ отображения
11. устройство для вкладывания приложенийjogging device — сталкивающее устройство; устройство для сталкивания
magnifying device — увеличитель, устройство для увеличения
12. счётное устройствоfail-safe device — безаварийное устройство; надёжный прибор
device directory — таблица устройства; указатель устройства
addressed device — адресуемое устройство; адресуемый прибор
13. дозирующее устройство, дозатор14. мешалка15. краскотёрка16. устройство для вызова шрифта смешанного кегляmultiple point ink control device — устройство для управления регулировочными винтами ножа красочного аппарата
numbering device — нумерационное устройство, нумератор
17. устройство на выходе, выходное устройствоdirty-trick device — мина — ловушка
I/O device — устройство ввода-вывода
18. устройство вывода данныхpage makeup device — верстальное устройство; видеотерминальное устройство для пополосной вёрстки
photodetection device — фотоэлектрический щуп, фотоэлектрическое контрольное устройство
photographic composing device — фотонаборное устройство; фотонаборная машина
securing device — устройство, обеспечивающее безопасность
19. устройство для припудривания20. устройство для нанесения порошкаpowder spray device — устройство для распыления порошка, распылитель
print cutting device — устройство для обрезки оттисков; устройство для разрезки запечатываемой ленты на отдельные оттиски
processing control device — управляющее устройство; устройство, управляющее процессом
21. читающее устройствоrecording device — записывающее устройство; способ записи
22. читальный аппарат23. регистровое устройство24. устройство для регулирования приводки25. устройство для перемотки лентыdevice code — код устройства; адрес устройства
device name — имя устройства; номер устройства
26. устройство для сматывания лентыroll-type copying paper supply device — рулонная установка для подачи бумажной ленты в копировальную машину
27. сканирующее устройство28. развёртывающее устройствоselective printing device — устройство для избирательной печати; впечатывающее устройство
sheet feed tray raising and lowering device — устройство для подъёма и опускания стапельного стола самонаклада
sheet piling device — листоукладчик, устройство для укладки листов
sheet stacking device — листоукладчик, листоукладывающее устройство; листовое приёмное устройство
stirring device — перемешивающее устройство, устройство для перемешивания
stock pile level control device — устройство, контролирующее верхний уровень стопы
straightening device — выравнивающее устройство, устройство для выравнивания
tension device — устройство для регулирования натяжения, рулонный тормоз
29. термографическое устройство30. термопреобразователь изображенияthermal print device — устройство для термопечати, устройство для печатания на термочувствительном материале
threading device — устройство для заправки, устройство для проводки
toner fixing device — устройство для закрепления тонера, закрепляющее устройство
toner image fixing device — устройство для закрепления изображения, образованного тонером
trip-saving register device — устройство, предотвращающее автоматическое выключение машины при дополнительном приталкивании
unwinding device — лентопитающее устройство, устройство для разматывания
wash-up device — смывочное устройство, устройство для смывки
web directional control device — устройство, контролирующее подачу ленты
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43 Craufurd, Henry William
SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy[br]fl. 1830s[br]English patentee of the process of coating iron with zinc (galvanized iron).[br]Although described as Commander of the Royal Navy, other personal details of Craufurd appear to be little known. His process for coating sheet iron with a protective layer of zinc, conveyed as a communication from abroad, was granted a patent in 1837. The details closely resembled, indeed are believed to have been based upon, those developed and patented in France in 1836 by Sorel, who had worked in collaboration with Ledru. There had been French interest in substituting zinc for tin as a coating for iron from 1742 with work by Malouin. Zinc-coated iron saucepans were produced in Rouen in the 1780s, but the work was later abandoned. Craufurd's patent directed that iron objects should be dipped into molten zinc, protected from volatilization by a layer of sal ammoniac (ammonium chloride, NH4Cl which also served as a flux. The quite misleading term "galvanizing" had already been introduced by Sorel for his process. Later its pro-tective properties were discovered to depend for effectiveness on the formation of a thin layer of zinc-iron alloy between the iron sheet and its zinc coating. Craufurd's patent was infringed in England soon after being granted, and was followed by several improvements, particularly those of Edmund Morewood, collaborating with George Rogers in five patents, of which four referred to methods of corrugation. The resulting production of zinc-coated iron implements, together with corrugated iron sheeting quickly adopted for building purposes, developed into an important industry of the West Midlands, Bristol, London and other parts of Britain.[br]Bibliography1837, British patent no. 7,355 (coating sheet iron with zinc).Further ReadingH.W.Dickinson, 1943–4, "A study of galvanised and corrugated sheet metal", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 24:27–36 (the best and most concise account).JDBiographical history of technology > Craufurd, Henry William
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44 screw
1) винт; болт; шуруп3) привинчивать; соединять болтом•to fasten with screws — скреплять винтами, свинчивать
- adjusting screw - anchoring screw - attachment screw - binding screw - blending screw - butterfly screw - cap screw - cheese head screw - coach screw - cone-point set screw - connecting screw - constant-taper screw - conveyer screw - cross-feed screw - cut-point set screw - dosing screw - double-threaded screw - dowel screw - earth screw - elevating screw - elevating endless screw - endless screw - eye screw - fastening screw - feed screw - fillister-head screw - fine-setting screw - fixing screw - flange screw - flat-head screw - foot screw - foundation screw - grub screw - helical screw - hexagonal screw - hexagonal-head screw - lag screw - lead screw - left-hand screw - levelling screw - lifting screw - lock screw - locking screw - lubricating screw - micrometer screw - milled screw - mixing screw - multiple start thread screw - non-loosable screw - normal-precision screw - orienting screw - oval-head screw - rigging screw - right-hand screw - round-head screw - self-drilling screw - self-tapping screw - set screw - sheet-metal screw - single-thread screw - slotted screw - socket screw - stop screw - stretching screw - sunk screw - support screw - swing screw - thumb screw - tightening screw - tight-fitting screw - turnbuckle screw - wall screw - wood screw - worm screwto fix with screws — скреплять винтами, болтами, сбалчивать
* * *1. винт2. червяк; шнек3. винтовая линия4. кессонная болезнь- adjusting screw
- Allen head screw
- anchoring screw
- clamp screw
- dosing screw
- drive screw
- feeding screw
- fine adjustment screw
- mixing screw
- pan head screw
- Phillips screw
- recessed-head screw
- self-drilling screw
- self-tapping screw
- sheet-metal screw
- slotted screw
- tangent screw
- wood screw
- zinc-coated steel screw -
45 gage
1) средство (для) измерений; (контрольно-)измерительный прибор; измеритель; (контрольно-)измерительный инструмент; измерительное устройство || измерять2) калибр; мера; размер; сортамент; толщина ( листового металла); диаметр ( проволоки или винта)3) поверять; калибровать; градуировать4) шаблон; лекало5) эталон6) датчик, (первичный) измерительный преобразователь7) манометр; вакуумметр, вакуумный манометр8) гидр. уровнемер; водомер10) матем. калибр ( топологического пространства)11) номер сита12) маяк, правило ( при устройстве асфальтобетонного или бетонного покрытия)13) рейсмус || размечать с помощью рейсмуса16) колея, ширина колеи18) гейч ( вязальной машины)19) класс ( трикотажной машины)•to encase strain gage in cement — изготавливать тензодатчик в плёнке клея;to keep material on gage — поддерживать параметры материала (напр. толщину) в заданных пределах;to mount strain gage — устанавливать тензодатчик;to reverse a gage — менять меру (напр. длины) концами;gage with metric scale — индикатор с метрической шкалой-
absolute gage
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absolute vacuum gage
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acceptance gage
-
accumulative precipitation gage
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acoustical strain gage
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acoustic strain gage
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active strain gage
-
adjustable gage
-
adjustable rail gage
-
adjuster gage
-
adzing gage
-
AE gage
-
Agir water gage
-
air filter vacuum gage
-
air gage
-
air pressure gage
-
air restriction gage
-
air-operated gage
-
alarm pressure gage
-
alcohol gage
-
American wire gage
-
angular gage
-
auxiliary staff gage
-
back gage
-
ball gage
-
ball plug gage
-
battery gage
-
Bayard-Alpert gage
-
bayonet gage
-
bellows gage
-
belt strand tension gage
-
bench gage
-
beta-absorption gage
-
beta gage
-
Birmingham wire gage
-
block gage
-
bonded strain gage
-
bottom-hole pressure gage
-
Bourdon pressure gage
-
box gage
-
brine gage
-
broad based depth gage
-
broad gage
-
bubble gage
-
buoyant-element level gage
-
butt gage
-
caliper gage
-
cap gage
-
capacitance strain gage
-
capacitance gage
-
center gage
-
charge gage
-
check gage
-
circumferential strain gage
-
clapboard gage
-
clearance gage
-
cold-cathode ionization gage
-
Collins flow gage
-
comb gage
-
combination gage
-
combined pressure gage
-
compression gage
-
concentricity gage
-
consistency gage
-
contact gage
-
contact pressure gage
-
contour gage
-
control gage
-
convergence gage
-
counter gage
-
crankshaft gage
-
curve gage
-
cutting gage
-
damped pressure gage
-
deadweight gage
-
deep-sea tsunami gage
-
density gage
-
depth gage
-
dew gage
-
dial bore gage
-
dial gage
-
diametral gage
-
diaphragm pressure gage
-
differential pressure gage
-
differential vacuum gage
-
digital pressure gage
-
digital weighing gage
-
dimension gage
-
direct pressure gage
-
direct-measuring gage
-
direct-reading gage
-
discharge gage
-
downhole casing wall thickness gage
-
draft gage
-
drainage gage
-
draught gage
-
drift diameter pipe gage
-
drilling bit gage
-
dual boost gage
-
dummy strain gage
-
edge-reading gage
-
elastic-element pressure gage
-
electrical resistance strain gage
-
electrical strain gage
-
electrical temperature gage
-
electrically heated snow gage
-
electrical-type strain gage
-
electromagnetic strain gage
-
end gage
-
engine coolant level gage
-
evapotranspiration gage
-
extended track position gage
-
external gage
-
external strain gage
-
fast-response gage
-
fast gage
-
feeler gage
-
female gage
-
fillet gage
-
film gage
-
fixed river gage
-
flat-ended gage
-
flatness gage
-
flexible gage
-
float gage
-
flood gage
-
flow gage
-
flowmeter pressure gage
-
fluid content gage
-
foil strain gage
-
force gage
-
force-feedback gage
-
frame gage
-
free-piston gage
-
fuel level gage
-
fuel pressure gage
-
fuel quantity gage
-
gamma-absorption gage
-
gap gage
-
gas density gage
-
gas gage
-
gasoline gage
-
general-purpose pressure gage
-
glass gage
-
go gage
-
go-no-go gage
-
grinding gage
-
grouser height depth gage
-
hardness gage
-
high-water gage
-
hook gage
-
horseshoe gage
-
hose skiving gage
-
hot-cathode ionization gage
-
hot-cathode magnetron gage
-
inclined staff gage
-
indentation depth gage
-
indicating gage
-
inductance strain gage
-
industrial gage
-
inprocess gage
-
inside gage
-
inspection gage
-
integral pressure gage
-
internal gage
-
ionization gage
-
ion gage
-
ionization pressure gage
-
irradiated fuel assay gage
-
jaw gage
-
Johansson gage
-
joint clearance gage
-
keyway gage
-
Knudsen gage
-
laser gage
-
laser rain gage
-
lead gage
-
length gage
-
level difference gage
-
level gage
-
lever gage
-
lever-type piston gage
-
limit gage
-
limit plug gage
-
line gage
-
line space gage
-
liquid level gage
-
loading gage
-
low-water gage
-
magnetron gage
-
male gage
-
manometer gage
-
marking gage
-
master gage
-
McLeod gage
-
mechanical pressure gage
-
mechanical strain gage
-
mechanical temperature gage
-
mercurial gage
-
metal-film strain gage
-
metric gage
-
micrometer gage
-
micropressure gage
-
milk gage
-
modulator ionization gage
-
moire strain gage
-
molecular gage
-
mortise gage
-
multichecking indicator gage
-
must gage
-
narrow gage
-
needle gage
-
no-go gage
-
noncontact gage
-
normal gage
-
nude gage
-
nude-ion gage
-
oil circulation gage
-
oil gage
-
oil pressure gage
-
oil temperature gage
-
oil-depth gage
-
optical flat gage
-
optical rain gage
-
optical strain gage
-
packing gage
-
paper gage
-
paper sheet gage
-
paper-backed strain gage
-
parallel slip gage
-
partial pressure gage
-
partial-pressure vacuum gage
-
Penning pressure gage
-
perforation gage
-
petrol gage
-
Philips gage
-
photoelastic strain gage
-
piezoelectric strain gage
-
piezoresistive strain gage
-
pin gage
-
pipe gage
-
Pirani gage
-
piston gage
-
pit rain gage
-
Pitot tube gage
-
Pitot gage
-
plug gage
-
pneumatic gage
-
pneumatic strain gage
-
point gage
-
pointer gage
-
position gage
-
postprocess gage
-
postyield strain gage
-
precipitation gage
-
precision gage
-
pressure gage
-
pressure tide gage
-
pressure-recording gage
-
pressure-vacuum compound recording gage
-
pressure-vacuum gage
-
primary gage
-
production gage
-
profile gage
-
quartz gage
-
radioactive gage
-
radioactive ionization gage
-
radioisotope snow gage
-
radiometer pressure gage
-
radiometer vacuum gage
-
radius gage
-
rail gage
-
rain gage
-
recording rain gage
-
Redhead gage
-
reed gage
-
reference gage
-
reference water gage
-
regular pressure gage
-
remote rain gage
-
resistance strain gage
-
resistivity gage
-
resonance gage
-
retracted track position gage
-
reuse gage
-
ring gage
-
ring seal gage
-
river gage
-
rod gage
-
rosette-type strain gage
-
roundness gage
-
rubber gage
-
sagitta gage
-
sampling gage
-
saw gage
-
screw pitch gage
-
sea gage
-
section gage
-
sectional staff gage
-
seepage gage
-
self-balancing strain gage
-
self-temperature-compensating gage
-
semiconductor strain gage
-
setting gage
-
setup gage
-
sheet metal gage
-
sheet gage
-
shifting gage
-
siding gage
-
sight gage
-
sight level gage
-
silphon gage
-
single-end gage
-
single-head gage
-
size gage
-
slanting hole rain gage
-
slant-tube gage
-
slide gage
-
slip gage
-
sloping gage
-
slur gage
-
smoke gage
-
snap gage
-
snow gage
-
snow-depth gage
-
snow-drift gage
-
soil rain gage
-
sonic gage
-
spherical-ended gage
-
spherical-piston gage
-
spindle-mounted strain gage
-
spindle strain gage
-
staff gage
-
stage gage
-
standard gage
-
standard test gage
-
standard wire gage
-
stepped plug gage
-
strain gage
-
stream gage
-
stress gage
-
strip gage
-
subsurface water gage
-
suction gage
-
suppressor ionization gage
-
surface finish gage
-
surface gage
-
Swedish gage
-
tank-level gage
-
tank gage
-
taper gage
-
temperature gage
-
template gage
-
test gage
-
thermal conductivity gage
-
thermal gage
-
thermistor gage
-
thermistor vacuum gage
-
thermocouple vacuum gage
-
thickness dial gage
-
thickness gage
-
thread gage
-
tide gage
-
tilt and runout gage
-
tipping-bucket rain gage
-
tire depth gage
-
toe-in gage
-
tong torque gage
-
tool-setting gage
-
totalizer precipitation gage
-
totalizer rain gage
-
track gage
-
track pitch gage
-
track sag gage
-
transducer gage
-
tread depth gage
-
tubing gage
-
type-high gage
-
unbonded strain gage
-
unpacked-piston gage
-
U-tube gage
-
vacuum gage
-
vacuum ionization gage
-
vacuum pressure gage
-
vacuum-backed piston gage
-
valve lash gage
-
velocity gage
-
vernier depth gage
-
vernier height gage
-
vernier-caliper gage
-
viscosity gage
-
visual-indicating gage
-
volt gage
-
water level gage
-
wave gage
-
wear-and-tear gage
-
weather gage
-
weighing-type rain and snow gage
-
weir gage
-
weldable strain gage
-
wide gage
-
wind gage
-
wine-level gage
-
wire feeler gage
-
wire gage
-
wire strain gage
-
wire-weight gage
-
working gage
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X-ray gage
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X-ray thickness gage -
46 Junkers, Hugo
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 3 February 1859 Rheydt, Germanyd. 3 February 1935 Munich, Germany[br]German aircraft designer, pioneer of all-metal aircraft, including the world's first real airliner.[br]Hugo Junkers trained as an engineer and in 1895 founded the Junkers Company, which manufactured metal products including gas-powered hot-water heaters. He was also Professor of Thermodynamics at the high school in Aachen. The visits to Europe by the Wright brothers in 1908 and 1909 aroused his interest in flight, and in 1910 he was granted a patent for a flying wing, i.e. no fuselage and a thick wing which did not require external bracing wires. Using his sheet-metal experience he built the more conventional Junkers J 1 entirely of iron and steel. It made its first flight in December 1915 but was rather heavy and slow, so Junkers turned to the newly available aluminium alloys and built the J 4 bi-plane, which entered service in 1917. To stiffen the thin aluminium-alloy skins, Junkers used corrugations running fore and aft, a feature of his aircraft for the next twenty years. Incidentally, in 1917 the German authorities persuaded Junkers and Fokker to merge, but the Junkers-Fokker Company was short-lived.After the First World War Junkers very rapidly converted to commercial aviation, and in 1919 he produced a single-engined low-wing monoplane capable of carrying four passengers in an enclosed cabin. The robust all-metal F 13 is generally accepted as being the world's first airliner and over three hundred were built and used worldwide: some were still in service eighteen years later. A series of low-wing transport aircraft followed, of which the best known is the Ju 52. The original version had a single engine and first flew in 1930; a three-engined version flew in 1932 and was known as the Ju 52/3m. This was used by many airlines and served with the Luftwaffe throughout the Second World War, with almost five thousand being built.Junkers was always ready to try new ideas, such as a flap set aft of the trailing edge of the wing that became known as the "Junkers flap". In 1923 he founded a company to design and manufacture stationary diesel engines and aircraft petrol engines. Work commenced on a diesel aero-engine: this flew in 1929 and a successful range of engines followed later. Probably the most spectacular of Junkers's designs was his G 38 airliner of 1929. This was the world's largest land-plane at the time, with a wing span of 44 m (144 ft). The wing was so thick that some of the thirty-four passengers could sit in the wing and look out through windows in the leading edge. Two were built and were frequently seen on European routes.[br]Bibliography1923, "Metal aircraft construction", Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, London.Further ReadingG.Schmitt, 1988, Hugh Junkers and His Aircraft, Berlin.1990, Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War I, London: Jane's (provides details of Junkers's aircraft).J.Stroud, 1966, European Transport Aircraft since 1910, London.P. St J.Turner and H.J.Nowarra, 1971, Junkers: An Aircraft Album, London.JDS -
47 planish
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48 hierro
m.1 iron (metal).un hierro a piece of metalhierro forjado/fundido wrought/cast iron2 blade.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: herrar.* * *1 (metal) iron2 (punta) head, point3 (marca) brand1 (prisiones) chains, shackles\machacar en hierro frío to bang one's head against a brick wallquien a hierro mata a hierro muere he who lives by the sword, shall die by the swordquitarle hierro a algo to play something downser de hierro to be as strong as an oxhierro colado cast ironhierro forjado wrought ironhierro fundido cast iron* * *noun m.* * *SM1) (=metal) ironhierro bruto — crude iron, pig iron
fierrohierro viejo — scrap iron, old iron
2) (=objeto) iron object; (=herramienta) tool; [de flecha, lanza] head3) (Agr) branding-iron4) (Golf) ironpl hierros irons* * *a) (Metal) ironde hierro — iron (before n)
quitar hierro a algo — to play something down
b) (Agr) ( herramienta) branding iron; ( marca) brandc) (de lanza, flecha) head, tipel que a hierro mata, a hierro muere — he who lives by the sword, dies by the sword
d) ( en golf) iron* * *= iron.Ex. Take, for instance, the title like subject statement 'Determination of magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium in the presence of iron and chromium'.----* cortina de hierro, la = iron curtain, the.* de hierro = iron, ferric.* de hierro fundido = cast-iron.* Edad de Hierro, la = Iron Age, the.* hierro bruto = pig iron.* hierro caliente = hot iron.* hierro en bruto = pig iron.* hierro fundido = cast-iron.* hierro para dorar = hot tool.* mano de hierro = iron fist, iron hand.* mineral de hierro = iron ore.* minería de hierro = iron ore mining.* óxido de hierro = iron oxide.* puño de hierro = iron fist, iron hand.* salud de hierro = cast-iron constitution.* sargento de hierro = drill sergeant.* tornillo de hierro = metal screw.* voluntad de hierro = iron will, will of iron.* * *a) (Metal) ironde hierro — iron (before n)
quitar hierro a algo — to play something down
b) (Agr) ( herramienta) branding iron; ( marca) brandc) (de lanza, flecha) head, tipel que a hierro mata, a hierro muere — he who lives by the sword, dies by the sword
d) ( en golf) iron* * *= iron.Ex: Take, for instance, the title like subject statement 'Determination of magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium in the presence of iron and chromium'.
* cortina de hierro, la = iron curtain, the.* de hierro = iron, ferric.* de hierro fundido = cast-iron.* Edad de Hierro, la = Iron Age, the.* hierro bruto = pig iron.* hierro caliente = hot iron.* hierro en bruto = pig iron.* hierro fundido = cast-iron.* hierro para dorar = hot tool.* mano de hierro = iron fist, iron hand.* mineral de hierro = iron ore.* minería de hierro = iron ore mining.* óxido de hierro = iron oxide.* puño de hierro = iron fist, iron hand.* salud de hierro = cast-iron constitution.* sargento de hierro = drill sergeant.* tornillo de hierro = metal screw.* voluntad de hierro = iron will, will of iron.* * *1 ( Metal) ironatrapados entre los hierros del tren trapped in the wreckage of the trainuna verja de hierro iron railingstiene una salud de hierro he has an iron constitutionuna voluntad de hierro an iron will, a will of ironquitar hierro a algo to play sth down3 (de una lanza, flecha) head, tipel que a hierro mata, a hierro muere he who lives by the sword, dies by the sword4 (en golf) ironun hierro cuatro a four ironCompuestos:wrought iron● hierro fundido or coladocast iron* * *
Del verbo herrar: ( conjugate herrar)
hierro es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
Multiple Entries:
herrar
hierro
hierro sustantivo masculinoa) (Metal) iron;
hierro fundido cast iron;
de hierro iron ( before n)
herrar verbo transitivo
1 (poner herraduras) to shoe
2 (marcar a hierro) to brand
3 (un cofre, mueble) to reinforce with ironwork
hierro sustantivo masculino
1 (metal) iron
una reja de hierro, an iron grille
una dieta rica en hierro, a diet rich in iron
2 (de lanza, flecha, etc) head, tip
3 (señal de ganadería) brand
' hierro' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
candente
- férrea
- férreo
- fierro
- herrar
- oxidada
- oxidado
- viga
- edad
- fundir
- moho
- oxidarse
English:
cast-iron
- dead
- elaborate
- iron
- Iron Age
- knuckle duster
- mineral
- ore
- rule
- brand
- cast
- robust
- wrought iron
* * *♦ nm1. [metal] iron;una valla de hierro iron railings;se enganchó en un hierro he got himself caught on a piece of metal;tener una salud de hierro to have an iron constitution;quitarle hierro a algo to play sth downhierro colado cast iron;hierro dulce mild steel;hierro forjado wrought iron;hierro fundido cast iron;hierro laminado sheet metal2. [de puñal] blade;[de flecha] point;quien a hierro mata a hierro muere he who lives by the sword dies by the sword3. [palo de golf] iron;un hierro del 5 a 5 iron;un hierro corto/largo a short/long iron4. [para marcar animales] branding iron* * *m iron;de hierro iron atr ;salud de hierro iron constitution;quitar hierro a algo fig downplay sth, play sth down* * *hierro nm1) : ironhierro fundido: cast iron2) : branding iron* * *hierro n iron -
49 shears
1) ножницы2) боковые стенки (напр. станины)•- angle shearsshears with mutually perpendicular knives — угловые ножницы, ножницы со взаимно перпендикулярными ножами
- bar shears
- bed shears
- bed-to-saddle shears
- bench shears
- billet shears
- circle shears
- circular shears
- closed type frame shears
- column shears
- crank shears
- crocodile shears
- cross slide shears
- C-type frame shears
- cutoff shears
- disk cutting shears
- disk shears
- end shears
- flat shears
- flying shears
- foot-operated shears
- gang shears
- gang slitting shears
- gap frame shears
- gap shears
- gate shears
- guillotine shears
- hand lever shears
- hardened shears
- heavy-plate shears
- hot shears
- hot-bar shears
- hydraulic shears
- inclined throat shears
- ingot shears
- lever shears
- nibble shears
- nibbling shears
- notching shears
- open throat shears
- parallel shears
- plate shears
- portable shears
- power shears
- power-driven shears
- resquaring shears
- right-angle shears
- rotary bevel shears
- rotary shears
- round, flat, section iron shears
- saddle shears
- scrap shears
- section iron shears
- sheet iron shears
- sheet metal shears
- sheet mill pack shears
- side-cut shears
- side-trimming shears
- single-sided shears
- slab shears
- slitting shears from coils
- slitting shears
- squaring shears
- steam-hydraulic shears
- strip cutting shears
- tinman's shears
- tinner's shears
- top shears
- trimming shears
- universal shears
- vertical shearsEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > shears
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50 chased work
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51 forming
1. образование; формирование2. формование3. изготовление4. штамповка5. гибка6. обжим7. штриховка, образование рубчика8. биговка -
52 Polhem, Christopher
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]b. 18 December 1661 Tingstade, Gotland, Sweden d. 1751[br]Swedish engineer and inventor.[br]He was the eldest son of Wolf Christopher Polhamma, a merchant. The father died in 1669 and the son was sent by his stepfather to an uncle in Stockholm who found him a place in the Deutsche Rechenschule. After the death of his uncle, he was forced to find employment, which he did with the Biorenklou family near Uppsala where he eventually became a kind of estate bailiff. It was during this period that he started to work with a lathe, a forge and at carpentry, displaying great technical ability. He realized that without further education he had little chance of making anything of his life, and accordingly, in 1687, he registered at the University of Uppsala where he studied astronomy and mathematics, remaining there for three years. He also repaired two astronomical pendulum clocks as well as the decrepit medieval clock in the cathedral. After a year's work he had this clock running properly: this was his breakthrough. He was summoned to Stockholm where the King awarded him a salary of 500 dalers a year as an encouragement to further efforts. Around this time, one of increasing mechanization and when mining was Sweden's principal industry, Pohlem made a model of a hoist frame for mines and the Mines Authority encouraged him to develop his ideas. In 1693 Polhem completed the Blankstot hoist at the Stora Kopparberg mine, which attracted great interest on the European continent.From 1694 to 1696 Polhem toured factories, mills and mines abroad in Germany, Holland, England and France, studying machinery of all kinds and meeting many foreign engineers. In 1698 he was appointed Director of Mining Engineering in Sweden, and in 1700 he became Master of Construction in the Falu Mine. He installed the Karl XII hoist there, powered by moving beams from a distant water-wheel. His plan of 1697 for all the machinery at the Falu mine to be driven by three large and remote water-wheels was never completed.In 1707 he was invited by the Elector of Hanover to visit the mines in the Harz district, where he successfully explained many of his ideas which were adopted by the local engineers. In 1700, in conjunction with Gabriel Stierncrona, he founded the Stiersunds Bruk at Husby in Southern Dalarna, a factory for the mass production of metal goods in iron, steel and bronze. Simple articles such as pans, trays, bowls, knives, scissors and mirrors were made there, together with the more sophisticated Polhem lock and the Stiersunds clock. Production was based on water power. Gear cutting for the clocks, shaping hammers for plates, file cutting and many other operations were all water powered, as was a roller mill for the sheet metal used in the factory. He also designed textile machinery such as stocking looms and spinning frames and machines for the manufacture of ribbons and other things.In many of his ideas Polhem was in advance of his time and Swedish country society was unable to absorb them. This was largely the reason for the Stiersund project being only a partial success. Polhem, too, was of a disputatious nature, self-opinionated almost to the point of conceit. He was a prolific writer, leaving over 20,000 pages of manuscript notes, drafts, essays on a wide range of subjects, which included building, brick-making, barrels, wheel-making, bell-casting, organ-building, methods of stopping a horse from bolting and a curious tap "to prevent serving maids from sneaking wine from the cask", the construction of ploughs and threshing machines. His major work, Kort Berattelse om de Fornamsta Mechaniska Inventioner (A Brief Account of the Most Famous Inventions), was printed in 1729 and is the main source of knowledge about his technological work. He is also known for his "mechanical alphabet", a collection of some eighty wooden models of mechanisms for educational purposes. It is in the National Museum of Science and Technology in Stockholm.[br]Bibliography1729, Kort Berattelse om de Fornamsta Mechaniska Inventioner (A Brief Account of the Most Famous Inventions).Further Reading1985, Christopher Polhem, 1661–1751, TheSwedish Daedalus' (catalogue of a travelling exhibition from the Swedish Institute in association with the National Museum of Science and Technology), Stockholm.IMcN -
53 work
1) работа; труд; действие; функционирование2) обработка3) обрабатываемая заготовка; обрабатываемая деталь; обрабатываемое изделие4) механизм5) конструкция6) мн. ч. завод; фабрика; мастерские; технические сооружения; строительные работы7) мн. ч. работающие части механизма, подвижные органы механизма8) работать; обрабатывать9) действовать, двигаться, поворачиваться ( о подвижных частях механизмов)10) коробиться•work performed with materials in a smaller quantity — работа, выполненная с недостаточным использованием материалов
work performed without the necessary diligence — работа, выполненная небрежно
work which is not in accordance with specifications — работа, не соответствующая техническим требованиям
work which is not in accordance with the requirements of the engineer — работа, не отвечающая требованиям инженера
to work down — 1) осаживать ( вниз); оседать 2) обрабатывать на меньший размер
to work in — вделывать, вмонтировать
to work into — углубляться во что-либо, уходить внутрь
to work off — 1) соскакивать, соскальзывать ( во время работы) 2) снимать (напр. стружку)
to work on — действовать на что-либо, оказывать влияние на что-либо
to work out — 1) разрабатывать (план, проект) 2) вырабатывать (что-либо) из чего-либо (напр. вытачивать, выстрагивать, выфрезеровывать) 3) выскакивать, выпадать во время работы
to work over — обрабатывать вторично, перерабатывать, подвергать переработке
to work upon — действовать на что-либо, оказывать влияние на что-либо
- work executed - work in process - work of acceleration - work of deformation - work of ideal cycle - work of resistance - work on arbour - works under way - access to works - actual progress of works - amendment of the date of completion of works - amount of the executed works - applied work - asphalt work - assessment of works - auxiliary work - bank work - bargain work - beat-cob work - betterment work - black and white work - bluff work - bonus work - bosh brick work - branch work - branched work - bright work - carpenter's work - cast steel work - cessation of works - chased work - check of works - checking of works - chequer work - chequered work - cindering work - civil works - civil and erection works - clay work - clearing work - commencement of works - completed works - completion of works - concrete work - diversion work - condensing works - construction works - consumed work - continuous execution of works - contract works - cost of works - cost of uncovering works - covered-up works - date of commencement of works - date of completion of works - day-to-day work - day wage work - dead work - defective works - delay in completion of works - delayed completion of works - demolition works - description of works - design and survey works - desilting works - diaper work of bricklaying - drainage work - dredge work - dressing works - drove work - earth works - effective work - embossed work - emergency works - engineering works - erecting works - erection works - examination of works - excavation works - execution of works - expected period of works - extension of the time for completion of works - external work - face work - fascine work - field works - finely finished work - finishing work - fitter's works - flat trellis work - float work - forming work - forthcoming works - frosted rustic work - gauge work - gauged work - geologic works - geological works - grading works - gunite work - heading work - health work - hot work - hydro-meteorologic works - hydro-meteorological works - inadequate progress of works - incomplete lattice work - indicated work - inlaid work - inspection of works - installation work - intake works - irrigation works - jack works - jobbing work - joggle work - ladder work - line work - link work - locksmith's work - machine work - main works - maintenance work - management of works - maritime works - metal work - milling work - motion work - multiple lattice work - nature of works - neat work - negative work - night work - no-load work - odd works - on the site works - order of execution of works - outlet work - outstanding works - overhead works - panel work - partially completed works - part of works - paternoster work - period of works - period of execution of works - permanent works - pilot-scale work - plane frame work - planer work - pneumatic work - port work - portion of works - pottery work - precision work - preliminary works - preparatory works - pressure cementing work - programme of works - progress of works - proper execution of works - prospecting works - public works - pump works - quantity of works - rag work - R and D work - random work - range work - reclamation work - recoverable-strain work - recuperated work - reflected work - reliability of works - relief work - remedial works - repair work - repairing work - required work - research work - resumption of works - retaining works - reticulated work - right of access to works - river training works - rustic work - safety of works - schedule of works - scope of work - shaper work - sheet metal work - shift work - smith and founder work - spillway works - starting work - step-by-step check of works - step-by-step checking of works - stick and rag work - stoppage of works - subcontract works - submarine work - substituted works - sufficiency of works - supervision for works - supervision for of works - survey work - survey and research works - suspension of works - taking over of works - task work - temporary work - test work - test-hole work - three-coat work - through-carved work - time for completion of works - timely completion of works - tool work - topiary work - topographic works - topographical works - track work - treatment works - trellis work - trench work - trestle work - turning work - uncompleted works - uncovering of works - upon completion of works - variations in works - variations of works - volume of works - wiring work - X-ray workto complete works (in the time stipulated in the contract) — завершать работы (в срок, оговорённый в контракте)
* * *1. работа2. изделие3. обработка4. возводимый объект (строительства) ( по подрядному договору); конструкция, сооружение5. работа, мощность6. pl сооружение, сооружения7. pl завод, фабрика, мастерскиеwork above ground — наземные работы ( в отличие от подземных и подводных); работы, производимые на поверхности земли
work below ground ( level) — подземные работы
work carried out on site — работы, выполненные на стройплощадке
work done in sections — работа, выполненная отдельными секциями [частями]
work in open excavations — работы в открытых выемках [горных выработках]
work in progress — (строительные) работы в стадии выполнения, выполняемые [производимые] (строительные) работы; объект в стадии строительства
work in water — работы, производимые в воде [под водой]
work near water — работы, производимые близ водоёмов или рек
- work of deformationwork on schedule — работы в процессе выполнения ( по графику); работы, предусмотренные планом [графиком]
- work of external forces
- work of internal forces
- above-ground works
- additional work
- agricultural works
- alteration work
- ashlar work
- auxiliary work
- avalanche baffle works
- axed work
- backfill work
- backing masonry work
- bag work
- bench work
- block work
- brewery works
- brick work
- broken-color work
- brush work
- building work
- building site works
- carcass work
- carpenter's work
- cement works
- chemical production works
- civil engineering work
- coast protection works
- cob work
- completed work
- complicated building work
- concrete work
- concrete block masonry work
- concrete masonry work
- constructional work
- construction work
- continuous shift work
- contract work
- coursed work
- crib work
- day work
- dead work
- defective work
- defence works
- deformation work
- demolition work
- development work
- diver's works
- diversion works
- donkey work
- drainage works
- earth work
- earth-moving work
- elastic work of a material
- electric work
- electricity production works
- emergency work
- enclosed construction works
- engineering works
- erection work
- erosion protection works
- excavation works
- experimental work
- external work
- extra work
- facing work
- factory work
- fascine work
- finishing work
- finish work
- floating construction works
- flood-control works
- flood-protection works
- floor work
- floor-and-wall tiling work
- floor covering work
- food industry production work
- foundation work
- funerary works
- further day's work
- gas works
- gauged work
- glazed work
- glazier's work
- half-plain work
- hammered work
- hand work
- handy work
- heat insulation work
- heavy work
- highly mechanized work
- hot work
- in-fill masonry work
- innovative construction work
- insulating work
- intake works
- internal work in the system
- ironmongery work
- joinery work
- land retention works
- landslide protection works
- loading works
- manual work
- marine works
- metallurgical processing works
- night work
- nonconforming work
- office work
- off-the-site work
- one-coat work
- open-air intake works
- open construction works
- ornamental works
- ornate work
- outlet works
- overhang work
- overhead work
- permanent works up to ground level
- petroleum extraction works
- piece work
- pitched work
- plaster work
- plumbing work
- power production works
- precast works
- production works
- promotion work
- protection works
- protective works
- public works
- random ashlar work
- refurbishment work
- refuse disposal works
- refuse incineration works
- regulation works
- reinforced concrete work
- research work
- reticulated work
- road transport works
- roof tiling work
- rubble ashlar masonry work
- sanitary works
- sea defence works
- sediment exclusion works
- sewage disposal works
- single construction works
- smillage-axed work
- solid plaster work
- steel construction works
- steel works
- steel plate work
- structural restoration work
- surface transport works
- temporary works
- textile work
- three-coat work
- tiling work
- training works
- transport works
- treatment works
- two-coat work
- underground work
- underwater work
- unloading works
- vermiculated work
- virtual work
- waste disposal works
- water works
- water treatment works -
54 richten
I v/t1. (lenken, wenden) direct, turn ( auf + Akk towards); (Gewehr, Kamera etc.) point (at); (Augen) turn (towards); (Aufmerksamkeit) direct, turn (to); (Brief, Frage etc.) address (an + Akk to); (Kritik) direct, level (at); eine Frage an jemanden / den Sprecher richten put a question to s.o. / address a question to the speaker; das war gegen dich gerichtet that was aimed at ( oder intended for, meant for) you; alle Blicke richteten sich auf... (Akk) all eyes turned to look at... ( oder in the direction of...); gerichtet auf (+ Akk) MIL., Rakete: targeted on2. Dial. (zurechtmachen) (Bett) make; (Zimmer) tidy up; (Haare) do; (vorbereiten, zubereiten) get s.th. ready, prepare; (Tisch) lay the table; (ausbessern) repair, fix; (in Ordnung bringen) see to; er wird’s schon richten umg. he’ll fix it4. (gerade biegen) straighten, flatten; MED. (Knochenbruch etc.) set; TECH. (Bleche) level; sich (Dat) die Zähne richten lassen have one’s teeth straightenedII v/refl1. sich richten nach (Regeln, Wünschen) comply with; (abhängen von) depend on; (sich orientieren an) take one’s cue from; (nach einem Vorbild) follow s.o.’s example; Sache: be model(l)ed after ( oder on); sich nach der Mode richten follow the fashion; sich nach den Vorschriften richten observe the regulations; nach der Uhr kannst du dich nicht richten you can’t go by that clock; das richtet sich ( ganz) nach dem Wetter etc. that depends (entirely) on the weather etc.; ich richte mich ( ganz) nach Ihnen whatever suits you best; warum müssen sich alle nach ihr richten? why does everybody have to fit in with her ( oder what she wants)?2. (wenden) sich richten an (+ Akk) oder gegen be directed ( oder aimed) at; mein Verdacht richtet sich gegen ihn I suspect himIII v/i judge ( über jemanden s.o.), pass judg(e)ment (on s.o.); milde / streng richten be mild / harsh in one’s judgement; richtet nicht, auf dass ihr nicht gerichtet werdet! BIBL. judge not that ye be not judged!* * *(adressieren) to address;(reparieren) to fix;(urteilen) to judge;(zielen) to point; to direct; to rivet* * *rịch|ten ['rɪçtn]1. vt1) (= lenken) to direct (auf +acc towards), to point ( auf +acc at, towards); Augen, Blicke, Aufmerksamkeit, Kamera to direct, to turn ( auf +acc towards), to focus ( auf +acc on); Pläne, Wünsche, Tun to direct ( auf +acc towards)den Kurs nach Norden/Osten etc richten —
die Augen gen Himmel richten (liter) richt euch! (Mil) (Sch) — to raise or lift one's eyes heavenwards (liter) or to heaven (liter) right dress! get in a straight line!
See:→ zugrunde2)(= ausrichten)
etw nach jdm/etw richten — to suit or fit sth to sb/sth; Lebensstil, Verhalten to orientate sth to sb/sth3) (= adressieren) Briefe, Anfragen to address, to send (an +acc to); Bitten, Forderungen, Gesuch to address, to make ( an +acc to); Kritik, Vorwurf to level, to direct, to aim (gegen at, against)4) (esp S Ger) (= zurechtmachen) to prepare, to get ready; Essen auch to get, to fix; (= in Ordnung bringen) to do, to fix; (= reparieren) to fix; Haare to do; Tisch to lay (Brit), to set; Betten to make, to dojdm ein Bad richten (form, S Ger) — to draw (form) or run a bath for sb
6)(Aus: = erreichen)
richten — to do nicely for oneself (inf)7) (old = hinrichten) to execute, to put to death2. vr1) (= sich hinwenden) to focus, to be focussed (auf +acc on), to be directed ( auf +acc towards); (Gedanken, Augen, Blick) to turn, to be directed ( auf +acc towards); (Hoffnungen) to be focussed ( auf +acc on); (Protest, Kritik) to be directed or aimed (gegen at)2) (= sich wenden) to consult (an jdn sb); (Maßnahme, Vorwurf etc) to be directed or aimed (gegen at)3) (= sich anpassen) to follow (nach jdm/etw sb/sth)sich nach den Vorschriften richten — to go by the rules
mir ist es egal, ob wir früher oder später gehen, ich richte mich nach dir — I don't mind if we go earlier or later, I'll fit in with you or I'll do what you do
wir richten uns ganz nach unseren Kunden — we are guided entirely by our customers' wishes
warum sollte die Frau sich immer nach dem Mann richten? — why should the woman always do what the man wants?
sich nach den Sternen/der Wettervorhersage/dem, was er behauptet, richten — to go by the stars/the weather forecast/what he maintains
und richte dich ( gefälligst) danach! (inf) — (kindly) do as you're told
4) (= abhängen von) to depend (nach on)5) (esp S Ger = sich zurechtmachen) to get readyfür die Party brauchst du dich nicht extra zu richten — you don't have to get specially done up for the party (inf)
3. viliter = urteilen) to judge (über jdn sb), to pass judgement ( über +acc on)milde/streng richten — to be mild/harsh in one's judgement
richtet nicht, auf dass ihr nicht gerichtet werdet! (Bibl) — judge not, that ye be not judged (Bibl)
* * *1) (to speak or write to: I shall address my remarks to you only.) address3) ((usually with at) to aim (a gun etc): He levelled his pistol at the target.) level5) (to direct (over or towards something): The firemen played their hoses over the burning house.) play6) (to aim in a particular direction: He pointed the gun at her.) point7) (to point or aim (a gun, telescope etc) in a particular direction: He trained the gun on/at the soldiers.) train* * *rich·ten[ˈrɪçtn̩]I. vt1. (lenken)▪ etw irgendwohin \richten to point sth somewhere; Strahl a. to direct sth somewhere; Waffe, Kamera a. to train sth somewhereden Blick zu Boden \richten to look down; (aus Demut, Scham) to lower one's eyesden Blick in die Ferne \richten to look into the distanceden Kurs nach Osten \richten to steer an easterly course▪ etw auf jdn/etw \richten to point sth at sb/sth; Strahl a. to direct sth towards [or at] sb/sth; Waffe, Kamera a. to train sth on sb/sth2. (konzentrieren)er hat all sein Tun auf dieses Ziel gerichtet everything he did served to achieve this objectunsre Verbesserungen sind auf die Verkaufsleistung gerichtet our improvements affect sales performance onlyein kommunistisch gerichteter Gedanke a thought based on [or aligned along] communist teachingsseine Wut gegen jdn \richten to vent one's anger on sb3. (umändern)▪ etw nach jdm/etw \richten to arrange sth to suit sb/sth4. (mitteilen)▪ etw an jdn/etw \richten to address sth to sb/sth; Kritik to direct [or level] sth at sb; (zusenden a.) to send sth to sb/sth [or sb/sth sth]eine Bitte/Frage an jdn \richten to put a request/question to sbdie Frage ist an Sie gerichtet the question is meant for youein Gesuch an jdn \richten to petition sbeine Mahnung an jdn \richten to give/send sb a warningdas Wort an jdn \richten to address sb5. (begradigen)Blech \richten to flatten sheet metaleine Delle \richten to dress [or sep true up] a denteinen Knochenbruch \richten to set a fracture6. (justieren)▪ etw \richten to align sth; eine Antenne \richten to direct [or align] an aerialeine Kanone \richten to aim a cannon7. (aufstellen)sich/jdm die Haare \richten to do one's/sb's hairsich/jdm die Krawatte \richten to adjust [or straighten] one's/sb's tie▪ [jdm] etw \richten to fix [or repair] [or mend] sth [for sb]▪ [jdm] etw \richten to prepare sth [or get sth ready] [for sb]jdm ein Bad \richten to run a bath for sbdie Betten \richten to make the bedsdas Frühstück \richten to make [or get] breakfastden Tisch \richten to lay the table▪ etw \richten to arrange sthdas kann ich schon \richten I can arrange itdas lässt sich schon \richten that should be no problem12. (aburteilen)▪ jdn \richten to judge sb, to pass judg[e]ment on sb13. (verurteilen)▪ jdn \richten to condemn sb▪ jdn \richten to execute sbII. vr1. (aufstehen)2. (lenken)▪ sich akk irgendwohin \richten to point somewhere; Strahlen a. to be directed somewhere; Augen to look somewheredie Strahlen richteten sich auf einen Punkt the beams converged to a pointihr ganzer Hass richtete sich auf ihn he was the object of all her hatredsein ganzes Denken richtet sich auf eine Lösung his single thought is to find a solution4. (kritisieren)in seiner Rede richtet er sich gegen die Partei he spoke derogatorily of the party, his speech criticized the party5. (betreffen)▪ sich akk an jdn/etw \richten to be directed at sb/sth; Kritik, Vorwurf a. to be aimed [or levelled [or AM -l-]] at sb/sth6. (fragen)▪ sich akk an jdn/etw \richten to ask sb/sth; (sich wenden a.) to turn to sb/sth; (Rat holen a.) to consult sb/sth7. (orientieren)wir richten uns ganz nach Ihnen we'll fit in with you8. (abhängen)▪ sich akk nach etw dat \richten to depend on sth, to be dependent on sth; Quantität a. to be based on sth9. MILricht euch! right dress!III. vi1. (urteilen) to pass judg[e]mentgerecht/hart \richten to be an impartial/a harsh judge* * *1.transitives Verb1) direct < gaze> (auf + Akk. at, towards); turn <eyes, gaze> (auf + Akk. towards); point <torch, telescope, gun> (auf + Akk. at); aim, train <gun, missile, telescope, searchlight> (auf + Akk. on); (fig.) direct <activity, attention> (auf + Akk. towards); address < letter, remarks, words> (an + Akk. to); direct, level < criticism> (an + Akk. at); send <letter of thanks, message of greeting> (an + Akk. to)2) (geraderichten) straighten; set < fracture>4) (aburteilen) judge; (verurteilen) condemn; s. auch zugrunde 1)2.reflexives Verbsich auf jemanden/etwas richten — (auch fig.) be directed towards somebody/something
2)sich an jemanden/etwas richten — < person> turn on somebody/something; <appeal, explanation> be directed at somebody/something
sich gegen jemanden/etwas richten — < person> criticize somebody/something; <criticism, accusations, etc.> be aimed or levelled or directed at somebody/something
3) (sich orientieren)sich nach jemandem/jemandes Wünschen richten — fit in with somebody/somebody's wishes
4) (abhängen)3.sich nach jemandem/etwas richten — depend on somebody/something
intransitives Verb (urteilen) judge; pass judgementüber jemanden richten — judge somebody; pass judgement on somebody; (zu Gericht sitzen) sit in judgement over somebody
* * *A. v/t1. (lenken, wenden) direct, turn (auf +akk towards); (Gewehr, Kamera etc) point (at); (Augen) turn (towards); (Aufmerksamkeit) direct, turn (to); (Brief, Frage etc) address (eine Frage an jemanden/den Sprecher richten put a question to sb/address a question to the speaker;das war gegen dich gerichtet that was aimed at ( oder intended for, meant for) you;2. dial (zurechtmachen) (Bett) make; (Zimmer) tidy up; (Haare) do; (vorbereiten, zubereiten) get sth ready, prepare; (Tisch) lay the table; (ausbessern) repair, fix; (in Ordnung bringen) see to;er wird’s schon richten umg he’ll fix itnach by)sich (dat)die Zähne richten lassen have one’s teeth straightenedB. v/r1.sich richten nach (Regeln, Wünschen) comply with; (abhängen von) depend on; (sich orientieren an) take one’s cue from; (nach einem Vorbild) follow sb’s example; Sache: be model(l)ed after ( oder on);sich nach der Mode richten follow the fashion;sich nach den Vorschriften richten observe the regulations;nach der Uhr kannst du dich nicht richten you can’t go by that clock;ich richte mich (ganz) nach Ihnen whatever suits you best;warum müssen sich alle nach ihr richten? why does everybody have to fit in with her ( oder what she wants)?2. (wenden)sich richten an (+akk) odermein Verdacht richtet sich gegen ihn I suspect him3.sich selbst richten euph take one’s own lifeC. v/i judge (über jemanden sb), pass judg(e)ment (on sb);milde/streng richten be mild/harsh in one’s judgement;richtet nicht, auf dass ihr nicht gerichtet werdet! BIBEL judge not that ye be not judged!* * *1.transitives Verb1) direct < gaze> (auf + Akk. at, towards); turn <eyes, gaze> (auf + Akk. towards); point <torch, telescope, gun> (auf + Akk. at); aim, train <gun, missile, telescope, searchlight> (auf + Akk. on); (fig.) direct <activity, attention> (auf + Akk. towards); address <letter, remarks, words> (an + Akk. to); direct, level < criticism> (an + Akk. at); send <letter of thanks, message of greeting> (an + Akk. to)2) (geraderichten) straighten; set < fracture>2.reflexives Verbsich auf jemanden/etwas richten — (auch fig.) be directed towards somebody/something
2)sich an jemanden/etwas richten — < person> turn on somebody/something; <appeal, explanation> be directed at somebody/something
sich gegen jemanden/etwas richten — < person> criticize somebody/something; <criticism, accusations, etc.> be aimed or levelled or directed at somebody/something
sich nach jemandem/jemandes Wünschen richten — fit in with somebody/somebody's wishes
4) (abhängen)3.sich nach jemandem/etwas richten — depend on somebody/something
intransitives Verb (urteilen) judge; pass judgementüber jemanden richten — judge somebody; pass judgement on somebody; (zu Gericht sitzen) sit in judgement over somebody
* * *(nach, auf) v.to direct (to, at) v. v.to judge (by) v. -
55 coil coating
<metal.srfc> (gen.; coating of sheet metal by continuous processes) ■ Bandbeschichten n ; Coil-Coating n prakt -
56 plane
<tech.gen> ■ eben; planar; plan< math> ■ Ebene f< prod> (e.g. workpiece surface) ■ plan<tools.wood> ■ Hobel m DIN 7223--------plane (off) -
57 punch
<edp.av> ■ Punch m ; Punch-Funktion f<metal.tools> (for punching or enlarging the nail holes in a horseshoe) ■ Dorn m<mvhcl.tools> (pliers-like body panel spot-welding tool) ■ Lochzange f<qualit.mat> (compression test) ■ Druckstempel m< tools> ■ Stanze f< tools> ■ Locher m -
58 strip coating
<metal.srfc> (gen.; coating of sheet metal by continuous processes) ■ Bandbeschichten n ; Coil-Coating n prakt -
59 punch
punch [pʌntʃ]1 noun∎ he gave him a punch on the chin/in the stomach il lui a donné un coup de poing dans le menton/dans l'estomac;∎ familiar to pack a powerful or mean punch (hit hard) cogner dur□ ; Boxing avoir du punch□ ; (drink, cocktail) être costaud; (film) être percutant□∎ find a slogan with a bit more punch trouvez un slogan un peu plus accrocheur(c) (for holes → in paper) perforateur m inv; (→ in metal) poinçonneuse f; (for tickets → by hand) poinçonneuse f; (→ machine) composteur m; (steel rod, die) poinçon m(d) (for stamping design) machine f à estamper(e) (for nails, bolts) chasse-clou m∎ he punched him on the chin/nose il lui a donné un coup de poing au menton/sur le nez;∎ he punched him in or on the jaw il lui a donné un coup de poing dans les gencives;∎ he punched the door il a martelé la porte à coups de poing;∎ to punch the air lever le bras en signe de victoire(b) (key, button) appuyer sur;∎ I punched the return key j'ai appuyé sur la touche retour(c) (pierce → ticket) poinçonner; (→ in machine) composter; (→ paper, computer card) perforer; (→ sheet metal) poinçonner;∎ to punch a hole in sth faire un trou dans qch;∎ to punch the time clock or one's time card pointer∎ to punch cattle être cowboy(strike) frapper;∎ no punching! pas de coups de poing!;∎ they were punching away at each other ils se donnaient des coups de poingpunch line chute f (d'une histoire drôle);∎ I've forgotten the punch line j'ai oublié la chute ou comment ça finit➲ punch in∎ punch your number in composez votre numéro∎ familiar I'll punch your face or head or teeth in! je vais te casser la figure!American (on time clock) pointer (en arrivant)(a) (enter → code, number) taper, composer(b) (cut out → form, pattern) découper;∎ the holes are punched out by a machine les trous sont faits par une machine(c) (remove → nail, bolt) enlever au chasse-clou∎ American to get punched out se faire tabasser ou amocher;∎ American to punch it out with sb échanger des coups de poing avec qn□ -
60 clip
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