sinful

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incestus, a, um, adj. [2. in-castus], unclean (in a moral and religious sense), impure, polluted, defiled, sinful, criminal (as an adj. mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

In gen.:

cum verborum contumeliis optimum virum incesto ore lacerasset,

Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

saepe Diespiter Neglectus incesto addidit integrum,

punished the good with the bad, Hor. C. 3, 2, 30:

catervae Incestarum avium,

that feed on corpses, Stat. Th. 9, 27:

profana illic omnia, quae apud nos sacra: rursum concessa apud illos, quae apud nos incesta,

Tac. H. 5, 4:

an triste bidental Moverit incestus,

impious, Hor. A. P. 472. —

In partic., unchaste, lewd, incestuous.

Adj.:

Ilion Fatalis incestusque judex... vertit In pulverem,

i. e. Paris, Hor. C. 3, 3, 19;

called also: praedo,

Stat. Ach. 1, 45:

princeps,

Plin. Pan. 52, 3:

amores,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 23; Tac. A. 12, 4:

nuptiae,

id. ib. 11, 25 fin.; cf.

conjugia,

Suet. Claud. 26:

noctes,

Plin. Pan. 63, 7:

voces,

Ov. Tr. 2, 503:

pellicere aliquem incesto sermone,

Liv. 8, 28, 3:

incestus manus intra terminos sacratos inferre,

id. 45, 5, 7:

corruptor et idem incestus,

Juv. 4, 9. — Hence,

incestum, i, n., unchastity, lewdness; esp. as a violation of religious laws, incest (class.):

incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,

Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:

concubuit cum viro... fecit igitur incestum,

id. Inv. 1, 40, 73. committere, Quint. 4, 2, 88; Dig. 23, 2, 39:

ex incesto, quod Augustus cum Julia filia admisisset,

Suet. Calig. 23; cf.:

incesti cum sorore reus,

id. Ner. 5:

cum filia commissum,

Quint. 5, 10, 19:

incesto liberatus,

Cic. Pis. 39, 95:

incesti damnata,

Quint. 7, 8, 3:

ab incesto id ei loco nomen factum,

Liv. 8, 15, 8:

incesti poena... in viro in insulam deportatio est,

Paul. Sent. 2, 26, 15. — In plur.:

stupra... et adulteria, incesta denique,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 35, 75:

super sororum incesta,

Suet. Calig. 36:

Vestalium virginum,

id. Dom. 8.—

incesta, ae, f., an incestuous woman, paramour:

hunc (adamanta) dedit olim barbarus incestae,

Juv. 6, 158.— Adv.: incestē ( incastē, Sen. Contr. 2, 13).

In gen., impurely, sinfully, Lucr. 1, 98:

facere sacrificium Dianae,

Liv. 1, 45, 6.—

In partic., unchastely:

ideo aquam adduxi, ut ea tu inceste uterere?

Cic. Cael. 14, 34:

libidinatum,

Suet. Ner. 28:

agit incestius res suas,

Arn. 5, 170.

incestus, ūs, m. [1. incestus, II.], unchastity, incest (mostly Ciceron.):

quaestio de incestu,

Cic. Mil. 22, 59; id. Brut. 32, 122; 124; id. N. D. 3, 30, 74 Klotz; Liv. 4, 44 Weissenb.; Val. Max. 6, 3, 7.

incestus, a, um, adj. [2. in-castus], unclean (in a moral and religious sense), impure, polluted, defiled, sinful, criminal (as an adj. mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

In gen.:

cum verborum contumeliis optimum virum incesto ore lacerasset,

Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

saepe Diespiter Neglectus incesto addidit integrum,

punished the good with the bad, Hor. C. 3, 2, 30:

catervae Incestarum avium,

that feed on corpses, Stat. Th. 9, 27:

profana illic omnia, quae apud nos sacra: rursum concessa apud illos, quae apud nos incesta,

Tac. H. 5, 4:

an triste bidental Moverit incestus,

impious, Hor. A. P. 472. —

In partic., unchaste, lewd, incestuous.

Adj.:

Ilion Fatalis incestusque judex... vertit In pulverem,

i. e. Paris, Hor. C. 3, 3, 19;

called also: praedo,

Stat. Ach. 1, 45:

princeps,

Plin. Pan. 52, 3:

amores,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 23; Tac. A. 12, 4:

nuptiae,

id. ib. 11, 25 fin.; cf.

conjugia,

Suet. Claud. 26:

noctes,

Plin. Pan. 63, 7:

voces,

Ov. Tr. 2, 503:

pellicere aliquem incesto sermone,

Liv. 8, 28, 3:

incestus manus intra terminos sacratos inferre,

id. 45, 5, 7:

corruptor et idem incestus,

Juv. 4, 9. — Hence,

incestum, i, n., unchastity, lewdness; esp. as a violation of religious laws, incest (class.):

incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,

Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:

concubuit cum viro... fecit igitur incestum,

id. Inv. 1, 40, 73. committere, Quint. 4, 2, 88; Dig. 23, 2, 39:

ex incesto, quod Augustus cum Julia filia admisisset,

Suet. Calig. 23; cf.:

incesti cum sorore reus,

id. Ner. 5:

cum filia commissum,

Quint. 5, 10, 19:

incesto liberatus,

Cic. Pis. 39, 95:

incesti damnata,

Quint. 7, 8, 3:

ab incesto id ei loco nomen factum,

Liv. 8, 15, 8:

incesti poena... in viro in insulam deportatio est,

Paul. Sent. 2, 26, 15. — In plur.:

stupra... et adulteria, incesta denique,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 35, 75:

super sororum incesta,

Suet. Calig. 36:

Vestalium virginum,

id. Dom. 8.—

incesta, ae, f., an incestuous woman, paramour:

hunc (adamanta) dedit olim barbarus incestae,

Juv. 6, 158.— Adv.: incestē ( incastē, Sen. Contr. 2, 13).

In gen., impurely, sinfully, Lucr. 1, 98:

facere sacrificium Dianae,

Liv. 1, 45, 6.—

In partic., unchastely:

ideo aquam adduxi, ut ea tu inceste uterere?

Cic. Cael. 14, 34:

libidinatum,

Suet. Ner. 28:

agit incestius res suas,

Arn. 5, 170.

incestus, ūs, m. [1. incestus, II.], unchastity, incest (mostly Ciceron.):

quaestio de incestu,

Cic. Mil. 22, 59; id. Brut. 32, 122; 124; id. N. D. 3, 30, 74 Klotz; Liv. 4, 44 Weissenb.; Val. Max. 6, 3, 7.

nĕ-fas, n. indecl., something contrary to divine law, sinful, unlawful, execrable, abominable, criminal; an impious or wicked deed, a sin, a crime (cf.: scelus, flagitium, peccatum).

Lit.:

quicquid non licet, nefas putare debemus,

Cic. Par. 3, 2. 25; cf.:

officia tua mihi nefas est oblivisci,

id. Fam. 15, 21, 5:

Mercurius, quem Aegyptii nefas habent nominare,

id. N. D. 3, 22, 56: nefas est dictu, miseram fuisse talem senectutem, id. Sen. 5, 13:

eum, cui nihil umquam nefas fuit,

id. Mil. 27, 73:

quibus nefas est... deserere patronos,

Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

corpora viva nefas Stygiā vectare carinā,

Verg. A. 6, 391:

fas atque nefas,

right and wrong, id. G. 1, 505; Hor. Epod. 5, 87; cf. id. C. 1, 18, 10; Ov. M. 6, 585:

per omne fas ac nefas,

in every way, Liv. 6, 14, 10:

nefas triste piare,

Verg. A. 2, 184:

illa dolos dirumque nefas in pectore versat, Certa mori,

id. ib. 4, 563:

lex maculosum edomuit nefas,

i. e. adultery, Hor. C. 4, 5, 22:

in omne nefas se parare,

Ov. M. 6, 613:

summum crede nefas animam praeferre pudori,

Juv. 8, 83:

belli,

civil war, Luc. 2, 507; cf.:

fugiens civile nefas,

id. 7, 432:

magnum nefas contrahere,

Just. 24, 3:

facere nefas,

Vulg. Deut. 22, 21:

operari,

ib. Lev. 20, 13.— Poet., of a wicked person, a wretch, monster:

exstinxisse nefas tamen... Laudabor (i. e. Helen, as the destroyer of Troy),

Verg. A. 2, 585.—Also inserted as an interjection, O horrid! shocking! dreadful! quātenus, heu nefas! virtutem incolumem odimus, Hor. C. 3, 24, 30; cf.:

heu nefas, heu!

id. ib. 4, 6, 17:

quosne, nefas! omnes infandā in morte reliqui?

Verg. A. 10, 673:

sequiturque, nefas! Aegyptia conjux,

id. ib. 8, 688:

Lavinia virgo Visa, nefas! longis comprendere crinibus ignem,

O horrible! id. ib. 7, 73.—Esp.:

est nefas,

it is forbidden, contrary to law, Varr. L. L. 6, 4. —

Poet., transf.

A horrible or monstrous thing:

Eumenides Stygiumque nefas,

Luc. 6, 695; 1, 626:

infernum,

id. 7, 170; Stat. Th. 6, 942.—

Impossible: levius fit patientiā Quicquid corrigere est nefas, an impossibility (= athemiton, adunaton), Hor. C. 1, 24, 20.

noxĭōsus, a, um, adj. [noxia] (postAug.).

Very hurtful, injurious, or noxious:

res,

Sen. Ben. 7, 10, 1:

noxiosissimo animali (al. noxissimo s. noxiissimo),

id. Clem. 1, 26, 3.—

Full of guilt, vicious, sinful: animi perditi noxiosique, v. l. Sen. Ep. 70, 23:

noxiosissimum corpus,

Petr. 130, 7.

peccātrix, īcis, f. [id.], a female sinner (post-class.), Paul. Nol. Carm. 28, 127; Hier. adv. Joann. Jerosol. n. 4; Vulg. Luc. 7, 39.—

Adj., sinning, sinful:

peccatrix anima, Prud. Cath. prooem. 35: gens,

Tert. Spect. 3:

generatio,

Vulg. Marc. 8, 38:

radix,

id. 1 Macc. 1, 11.

pecco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [often referred to Sanscr. pāpa, pāpaka, wicked; but better to root pik-, to be angry; cf.: piget, pigeo, and Fick, Vergl. Wört. 632], to miss or mistake any thing; to do amiss, to transgress, to commit a fault, to offend, sin:

peccare est tamquam transilire lineas,

Cic. Par. 3, 1, 20:

alius magis alio vel peccat vel recte facit,

id. Fin. 3, 14, 48; id. Or. 47, 157:

peccare largiter,

to make a great mistake, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 8; id. Ep. 3, 4, 53.—With acc.:

si unam peccavisses syllabam,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 29: aliquid, to offend in any respect:

plura in aliquā re,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 44:

Empedocles multa alia peccat,

Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29:

eadem fere,

id. ib. 1, 12, 31:

talia peccandi jam mihi finis erit,

Ov. P. 3, 7, 10.—With in and acc.:

si quid in te peccavi... in me ipsum peccavi vehementius,

Cic. Att. 3, 15, 4:

in rem publicam,

id. ib. 7, 1, 3 (al. in re publicā).—With erga aliquem, Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 62.— In aliquo or in aliquā re:

quod in eo (Valerio) peccandi Germanis causa non esset,

Caes. B. G. 1, 47:

in servo necando semel peccatur,

Cic. Par. 3, 2, 25:

in hoc eodem peccat Hieronymus,

id. Fin. 2, 10, 32:

non modo in vitā sed saepissime et in poëmatis et in oratione peccatur,

id. Or. 21, 70.—With abl. alone:

et pecuniā et mollibus consultis,

Tac. A. 1, 40:

libidine,

Juv. 6, 135.—With dat. of person (late Lat.):

Domino,

Vulg. Deut. 1, 41; id. 2 Reg. 12, 13.— De aliquă re, Caecil. ap. Gell. 2, 23, 13.—

In partic., of sexual sin:

quid inter-Est in matronā, ancillā, peccesve togatā?

Hor. S. 1, 2, 63; Ov. H. 16, 295; Mart. 1, 35, 2.—

Transf., of animals and inanim. things, to fail, miscarry:

ne Peccet (equus) ad extremum ridendus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 9:

unus de toto peccaverat orbe comarum Anulus,

Mart. 2, 66, 1:

si senseris vina peccatura,

Pall. 11, 14.—Hence, peccans, antis, P. a., sinful, full of sin:

unus dies bene actus peccanti immortalitati anteponendus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 5.— Comp.:

peccantius,

more faulty, worse, Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 8, 88.—

As subst.: peccans, antis, comm., an offender, sinner: non prodest latere peccantibus. Sen. Ep. 97, 13:

peccantium poena,

id. ib. 97, 14:

ad officium peccantes redire cogeret,

Nep. Ages. 5, 3.— Adv.: peccanter, wrongly, incorrectly, falsely, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 9, 40:

definire aliquid,

id. ib. 3, 1, 5.

pollŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a. [cf.: adluo, diluo; Gr. louô, to wash; luma, lumê, lumainô, to cleanse, ruin], to soil, defile, pollute.

Lit. (very rare):

ore dapes,

Verg. A. 3, 234:

ora cruore,

Ov. M. 15, 98:

pollui cuncta sanie, odore, contactu,

Tac. A. 4, 49:

usu tegmina,

id. ib. 13, 57:

vina deciduo immundiore lapsu,

Plin. 14, 19, 23, § 119:

polluta mensa cruore,

Sil. 7, 183.—

Trop.

In gen., to defile morally, to pollute, contaminate, violate, dishonor, desecrate, etc. (class.;

syn.: inquino, contamino): polluta et violata sacra,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 187; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

deorum hominumque jura inexpiabili scelere,

id. Phil. 11, 12, 29:

fratris filiam incesto,

Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 6:

tragico pollutus concubitu,

Juv. 2, 29:

famam domūs stupro turpi,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 17:

nec Electrae jugulo se polluit,

Juv. 8, 218:

mentem suam et aures hominum nefariā voce,

Tac. A. 3, 50: incestis se matrimoniis, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 6, 4, 3: jejunia, to violate, break, Nigid. ap. Isid. Orig. 20, 2:

Jovem,

to insult, Prop. 4 (5), 9, 8: ferias, to desecrate (by labor), Gell. 2, 28, 3:

avaritia invadit, polluit, vastat omnia,

Sall. J. 41, 9; Ov. M. 2, 794:

polluta pax,

Verg. A. 7, 467:

polluendam perdendamque rempublicam relinquere,

Tac. H. 2, 76:

ferias,

Macr. S. 1, 16, 11.—Esp., in eccl. Lat., to render unclean, in a ceremonial sense, Vulg. Lev. 7, 21; pass., to be unclean, id. ib. 11, 27;

15, 32: pollutum et mundum,

id. ib. 10, 10: pollutum comedit, id. Osee, 9, 3.—

In partic., to violate, dishonor a woman (post-Aug.), Tac. A. 12, 46; id. Agr. 31; Vulg. Ezech. 18, 11.—Hence, pollū-tus, a, um, P. a., polluted, i. e. no longer virgin, then vicious, unchaste, Cat. 60, 46:

femina,

Liv. 10, 23, 10:

princeps,

Tac. H. 2, 37 fin.:

scelesta pollutaque femina,

App. M. 10, 34.— Comp.:

senectus,

more vicious, more sinful, Sil. 11, 47.— Sup.:

dives,

App. M. 9, p. 234, 31.

pollŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a. [cf.: adluo, diluo; Gr. louô, to wash; luma, lumê, lumainô, to cleanse, ruin], to soil, defile, pollute.

Lit. (very rare):

ore dapes,

Verg. A. 3, 234:

ora cruore,

Ov. M. 15, 98:

pollui cuncta sanie, odore, contactu,

Tac. A. 4, 49:

usu tegmina,

id. ib. 13, 57:

vina deciduo immundiore lapsu,

Plin. 14, 19, 23, § 119:

polluta mensa cruore,

Sil. 7, 183.—

Trop.

In gen., to defile morally, to pollute, contaminate, violate, dishonor, desecrate, etc. (class.;

syn.: inquino, contamino): polluta et violata sacra,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 187; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

deorum hominumque jura inexpiabili scelere,

id. Phil. 11, 12, 29:

fratris filiam incesto,

Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 6:

tragico pollutus concubitu,

Juv. 2, 29:

famam domūs stupro turpi,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 17:

nec Electrae jugulo se polluit,

Juv. 8, 218:

mentem suam et aures hominum nefariā voce,

Tac. A. 3, 50: incestis se matrimoniis, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 6, 4, 3: jejunia, to violate, break, Nigid. ap. Isid. Orig. 20, 2:

Jovem,

to insult, Prop. 4 (5), 9, 8: ferias, to desecrate (by labor), Gell. 2, 28, 3:

avaritia invadit, polluit, vastat omnia,

Sall. J. 41, 9; Ov. M. 2, 794:

polluta pax,

Verg. A. 7, 467:

polluendam perdendamque rempublicam relinquere,

Tac. H. 2, 76:

ferias,

Macr. S. 1, 16, 11.—Esp., in eccl. Lat., to render unclean, in a ceremonial sense, Vulg. Lev. 7, 21; pass., to be unclean, id. ib. 11, 27;

15, 32: pollutum et mundum,

id. ib. 10, 10: pollutum comedit, id. Osee, 9, 3.—

In partic., to violate, dishonor a woman (post-Aug.), Tac. A. 12, 46; id. Agr. 31; Vulg. Ezech. 18, 11.—Hence, pollū-tus, a, um, P. a., polluted, i. e. no longer virgin, then vicious, unchaste, Cat. 60, 46:

femina,

Liv. 10, 23, 10:

princeps,

Tac. H. 2, 37 fin.:

scelesta pollutaque femina,

App. M. 10, 34.— Comp.:

senectus,

more vicious, more sinful, Sil. 11, 47.— Sup.:

dives,

App. M. 9, p. 234, 31.