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61 κτείνω
Grammatical information: v.Other forms: Att. also κτείνυμι, - ύω, Aeol. κτέννω (Hdn.), fut. κτενῶ, ep. also - έω, κτανέω, aor. κτεῖναι, Aeol. κτένναι (Alc.), and κτανεῖν, ep. also κτάμεν(αι) and midd. -pass. κτάσθαι, pass. 3. pl. ἔκταθεν (ep.), hell. κταν(θ)ῆναι, perf. ἀπ-, κατ-έκτονα (Hdt., Att.), hell. also ἀπ-εκτόνηκα, - έκτα(γ)κα, pass. - εκτάνθαι Il.Compounds: As 2. member - κτόνος, e.g. πατρο-κτόνος `who kills his father' (trag.) with - κτονέω, - ία; rarely passive: νεό-κτονος `recently killed' (Pi.); simplex κτόνος (Zonar.) prob. from the compp.; also - κτασία, e.g. ἀνδρο-κτασία, usu. pl. - ίαι f. `murther of men' (Il.), as if from *ἀνδρό-κτα-τος, cf. below and Schwyzer 469.Etymology: The present κτείνυμι (incorrect - εινν- and - ινν-) with sec. full grade after ἔκτεινα ( δείκνυμι: ἔδειξα a. o.) stands for zero grade *κτά-νυ-μι, which agrees exactly to Skt. kṣa-ṇó-mi `injure' ( κτείνω `kill' therefore euphemistical; Chantraine Sprache 1, 143). Other agreements with Indian (and Iranian) are the aorist ἔ-κτα-το (Il.) = Skt. a-kṣa-ta (gramm.) and the ptc. *-κτα-τος (in ἀνδρο-κτασίαι a.o.; s. above) = Skt. á-kṣa-ta-, OP. a-xša-ta- `uninjured'. The Greek system seems further to be based on an athematic root aorist: 1. sg. *ἔ-κτεν-α, 3. sg. - ἔ-κτεν (cf. Gortyn. conj. κατα-σκένε̄ [with σκ for κτ, Schwyzer 326]), 1. pl. ἔ-κτᾰ-μεν, 3. pl. ἔ-κτᾰν; to this the present -κτέν-ι̯ω \> κτείνω, the aorist ἔκτᾰν-ον, ἔκτεινα. Further details in Schwyzer 697 u. 740, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 380f. a. 449f. - Cf. καίνω. - The root was prob. * tken-, Hardarsson, Stud. Wurzelaor. 186. - Against connection with Skt. akṣata Strunk, Nasalpräs. u. Aoriste 99 n. 265.Page in Frisk: 2,33Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κτείνω
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62 λήγω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `cease, stop' (Il.), incid. trans. `make stop, pause' (ep.); on the meaning Porzig Satzinhalte 48ff.Derivatives: λῆξις ( ἀπό-, κατά- λήγω a. o.) `ceasing' (A., A. R., Ph.), as gramm. term `ending etc.' (Demetr. Eloc., A. D.); as 1. member in governing compp. like ληξι-πύρετος `ceasing the fever' (medic.); ἀπόληγμα `border of a cloth' (Aq.); ἄ-(λ)ληκτος `incessantly' (ep.); ληκτικός `stopping', κατα- λήγω `ceasing (before its time), incompletely', of a verse (gramm. a. metr.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Because of ἄ-λληκτος, κατα-λλήξειαν (μ 224) a. o. an orig. *σλήγ-ω is prob. (Schwyzer 310, 414, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 176); to this thematic root-present, from where all forms mentioned come, there is nowhere a direct correspondent. A zero grade nasalpresent is supposed however in λαγγάζω `leave off' and Lat. langueō `be weak'. There is a primary, also zero grade aorist λαγά-σαι with the present λαγαίω `leave off' and several nouns, e.g. λαγαρός. A full grade ō-form is retained in Northgerm., e.g. OWNo. slōkr, Swed. slōk `who walks about, deteriorated man', with Swed. slōka `walk about', usu. `hang weakly (let...)'. - More forms in WP. 2, 712ff., Pok. 959ff. An IE * sleh₂g- is perhaps possible, Pok. 959.Page in Frisk: 2,113-114Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λήγω
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63 μανθάνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `learn to know, experience' (Pi.).Other forms: aor. μαθεῖν (Il.), fut. μαθήσομαι (Thgn., Parm.), perf. μεμάθηκα (Anacr., Xenoph., Emp.).Derivatives: Nom. actionis: 1. μάθη f. `learning, insight' (Emp., H.). 2. μάθος n. `what is learnt, custom' (Alc., Hp., A.). 3. μάθησις = μάθη (Alcm., IA.; Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 99 w. n. 1). 4. μάθημα `what was learnt, knowledge', pl. `(mathematical) sciences' (IA., hell.) with μαθη-ματ-ικός `fond of learning, scientific, mathematic' (Pl., Arist.; Chantraine Études 131 f.), - ικεύομαι `argue mathematically' (Dam.). 5. μαθημοσύνη `learning' (Phryg., Empire; Wyss - συνη 64). Nom. agentis: μαθη-τής `disciple' (IA.), with - τικός `like a disciple' (Pl., Arist.) and - τικεύομαι (Dem.), - τεύω `be a disciple, make a d.' (NT, Plu.) with - τεία `education' (Timo, D. Chr.), - τιάω `want to be a disciple' (Ar.); f. - τρίς (Ph.), - τρια (D.S., Act.Ap. u.a.); μαθετής `id.' (Knossos IIa; after εὑρετής? Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 186).Etymology: On the meaning s. B. Snell Ausdrücke 74f., H. Dörrie, Leid und Erfahrung. Die Wort- und Sinnverbindung παθεῖν -- μαθεῖν im griech. Denken. Mainz 1956. The Greek forms all go back on the zero grade aorist μαθεῖν; full grades could have either μενθ-ήρη ' φροντίς, μέριμνα' (H., EM) or προ-μηθ-ής `design, careful'. The last is isolated (cf. s. v.); with μενθ- agrees OHG mendī `gladness' with menden `rejoice', beside zero grade e.g. in Goth. mundon sis `look at one, σκοπεῖν', OWNo. munda `aim (with a weapon), have a goal'. The root has more or less probable representatives in other languages: Alb. mund `can, overcome' (IE *mn̥dh-); Celt., e.g. Welsh mynnu `want', Lith. mañdras `lively, cheerful', OCS mǫdrъ ' φρόνιμος, σοφός', all with full grade (* mendh- or * mondh-). On Skt. medhā́ `wisdom, insight', Av. mazdā `rememberance' s. Mayrhofer Bibliotheca Orientalis (Leiden) 13 (1956), 112 Sp. 2, where with Duchesne-Guillemin a basis *mn̥sdhā (to mánas = μένος) is assumed. - Further forms in WP. 2, 270 f. (* mendh- `direct one's mind on'), Pok. 730, Fraenkel Wb. s. mañdras, Vasmer Wb. s. múdryj; there also on the further analysis in men-dh- (to μένος).Page in Frisk: 2,170-171Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μανθάνω
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64 μεσόδμη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `crossbeam', from wall to wall of a building or from side to side of a ship, in which the mast was let down (details in Bechtel Lex. s. v.; Od., Hp., Q. S.).Other forms: μεσόδμᾱ (Delph. IVa), μεσόμνη (Att. inscr.; on the phonetics Schwyzer 208).Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Prop. "what belongs to the middle of the house", compound of μέσος and the zero grade of the word for `house', δεμ-, δμ-, seen in δεσ-πότης and δά-πεδον (s. vv.; cf. on δόμος) with ᾱ-suffix: μεσό-δμ-ᾱ like *ἑκατόμ-βϜ-ᾱ (J.Schmidt Pluralbild. 221f., Schwyzer 425 a. 449). From housebuilding the term was transferred to shipbuilding. Often the 2. member - δμη is directly derived from δέμω `build' as zero grade root-noun (cf. νέο-δμᾱ-τος, δέ-δμη-μαι), so "middle-building"; thus Prellwitz BB 17, 172, Persson Beitr. 648, Hermann Gött. Nachr. 1943, 7; cf. also Benveniste BSL 51, 18. Sommer Nominalbild. 76 does not decide the matter. The gloss μεσόδμα γυνή \< ὡς Λάκωνες\> is unclear (gl. 947 has μεσοδόμα).Page in Frisk: 2,213-214Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μεσόδμη
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65 νείφει
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `it snows' (Il.).Other forms: Aor. νεῖψαι, νειφθῆναι, fut. νείψει. Cf. νίφ-α f. acc. sg. `(falling) snow' (Hes. Op. 535).Compounds: Sometimes with prefix, e.g. κατα-. Compp., e.g. νιφ-ό-βολος `snow-covered' (Ar., E.), ἀγά-ννιφ-ος `with much snow' (A 420, Σ 186, Epich.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 64).Derivatives: 1. νιφ-άδες pl., also sg. νιφ-άς, - άδος f. `snow-flake, snowstorm' (Il., Pi., trag.), as adj. `rich in snow' (S.); 2. νιφ-ετός m. `falling snow, snowstorm' (Il., Arist.; Schwyzer 501, Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 51 n.1; to be rejected Porzig Satzinhalte 245) with νιφετ-ώδης `connected with snow-fall' (Arist., Plb.); -- 3. νιφ-όεις `snowy, rich in snow' (Il.; on the formation Debrunner Άντίδωρον 28 f.).Etymology: The high-grade thematic root-present νείφει (νῑφέμεν M 280 wrong for νειφ-; Wackernagel Unt. 75), from which the other Greek verbal forms come, agrees with Av. snaēža- (e.g. subj. snaēžāt̃), OHG OE snīwan, Lith. sniẽg-a, -ti, perh. also Lat. nivit (only Pacuv., prob. ī), IE * sneigʷʰ-( eti ` it snows'; beside it with zero grade, also thematic, OIr. snigid `it drops, rains' (on the meaning below). A nasal present is found in Lat. ninguit = Lith. sniñga (: νείφει like linquō: λείπω, s.v.). Further, in meaning deviating, the zero-grade Skt. yotpresent sníhyati `gets wet, sticky', metaph. `finds affection', with sneha- `stickyness, affection etc.', with a shift of meaning from the mild climate as in Celtic (s. above); comparable in Greek, e.g. Nonn. D. 22, 283 αἵματι νείφεις of sticky blood, Lyc. 876 ὀμβρία νιφάς of rain-shower. Diff. Benveniste Μνήμης χάριν 1, 35 ff.: orig. meaning of IE * sneigʷʰ- `clot (together)'; thus Gonda KZ 72, 228 ff. One traces of the meaning `snow' in Mind. (Prākr. siṇeha- `snow' etc.) Turner BSOAS 18, 449ff. and 19, 375; s. Mayrhofer A.I.O.N. 1, 235). The noun acc. νίφ-α (nom. νιφετός, νιφάς, χιών; cf. Schwyzer 584) is identical with Lat. nix, nivis; IE * snigʷʰ-s ( ἀγά-ννιφ-ος \< *- snigʷʰ-); with dental enlargement (cf. νιφετός, but not identical) OIr. snechte `snow'; here prob. also νίβα χιόνα H. as Illyrian, Krahe IF 58, 133. Besides the o-stem IE * snoigʷho-s in Germ., e.g. Goth. snaiws, NHG Schnee, Slav., e.g. OCS sněgъ a.o. -- More forms in WP. 2, 695, Pok. 974, W.-Hofmann s. ninguit etc.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νείφει
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66 πινυτός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `intelligent, sensible, reaonable, prudent, rational' (Od.).Other forms: Variant forms are πνυτός ἔμφρων, σώφρων H., often in Cypr. PN, e.g. Πνυτ-αγόρας (Masson Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 7, 238ff.).Derivatives: - ύσσω (late epic) from * pinut-y-, aor. ind. ἐπίνυσσεν Ξ 249), ptc. pass. πινυσθείς (Pythag.) `to make deliberate, to warn to be clear-minded' with πινυ-τή f. `prudence, reason' (Η 289, υ 71 a. 228, Hp. Ep.), with - τότης f. (Eust.); besides - τάς, - τᾶτος f. (Dor., AP), after ταχυ-τής a. o. (Schwyzer 529 n. 1); πίνυσις σύνεσις, πινυμένην συνετήν H. Also ἀπινύσσω `to be thoughtless, rash' (Ο 10, ε 342 = ζ 258), = ἀπινυτέω (Apollon. Lex.), from *ἀ-πίνυτος; adv. ἀπινύτως H. s. ἀπινύσσων. Beside it pres. πινύσκω, - ομαι (Simon., A., Call., Orph.); this will be *πινυτ-σκ-.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The relation between the relevant forms is not satisfactorily explained. If one may derive πινυ-τή as abstractformation from *πενυ-τή with transition of ε to ι (Schulze Q. 323 n. 3), πενυ- could be taken as a disyllabic ablaut grade of πνεϜ-, beside the monosyllabic πνῡ- (with long vowel) in πέ-πνῡ-μαι (Frisk Eranos 43, 215 ff.). Assuming a dissimilation πι- from πυ- or a basic form *πε-νε-υ-μι (Nehring ClassPhil. 42, 108 ff.) one connected since Fick 2, 152 Lat. pŭ-tāre, OCS py-tati `scrutari' (also with νήπιος, νηπύτιος). One connects πέπνυμαι with πνέω, s.v. w. further analysis. Details w. lit. in Frisk l.c.; older etymology, to be rejected, in Bq s. πινυτός. - However, a form penu- posited as a root variant, is improbable and not attested; also a root ending in two semivowels is not permitted; also the transition ε \> ι is not explained. So the form πινυτός cannot be explained from IE. Also the variation πινυτός\/ πνυτο- cannot be explained. But a variation ι\/zero is known from Pre-Greek: it indicated a palatalized consonant, so pnyut-; the palatalisation could also be ignored, which gave πνυτο-; cf. Beekes, Evidence an Counterevidence, FS Kortlandt. So the words are Pre-Greek and have nothing to do with πνέω.Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πινυτός
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67 πλατύς 1
πλατύς 1.Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `wide, broad, flat, level' (Il.).Compounds: Often as 1. member, e.g. πλατύ-φυλλος `broad-leaved' (Arist., Thphr.).Derivatives: πλατύτης f. `width, breadth' (Hp., X.); πλατύνω, also w. δια-, ἐν- a.o., `to widen, to make broad' (X., Arist.) with πλάτ-υσμα (- υμμα) n. `dish, brick etc.' (Herod., Hero, pap.), - υσμός m. `broadening' (Arist., LXX). Also πλατεῖον n. `board, table' (Plb.), after the instrument names in - εῖον; from πλατεῖα ( χείρ, φωνή e. o.) πλατειάζω `to blow with the flat of the hand' (Pherecr.), `pronounce broadly' (Theoc.). -- Besides several formations: πλάτος n. `width, breadth, size' (Simon., Emp., Hdt., Ar.) with ἀ-πλατής `without breadth' (Arist.); πλατ-ικός (v.l. - υκός) `concerning the width, breadth, exhaustive, extensive' (Vett. Val., Arist.-comm.); cf. γεν-ικός to γένος. -- πλαταμών, - ῶνος m. `flat stone, ledge of rock, flat beach etc.' (h. Merc. 128, hell.) with - αμώδης `flat' (Arist.). -- πλάτη f. `blade of an oar, oar', meton. `ship', also `shoulder blade' (usu. ὠμο-πλάτη Hp.) (trag., Arist.); πλάτης, Dor. -ᾱς m. `pedestal of a gravestone' (inscr. Asia Minor, cf. γύης, πόρκης); πλάτιγξ τῆς κώπης τὸ ἄκρον H. -- PN Πλάταια (Β 504 a.o.), usu. pl. - αί f. (IA.) town in Boeotia with - αιίς, - αιεῖς etc.; accent-change as in ἄγυια: - αί (s. v.).Etymology: With πλατύς are deiretcly dientical Skt. pr̥thú-, Av. pǝrǝʮu- `wide, broad' (on the dental bel.). To this πλάτος like e.g. βάρος to βαρύς (s. v.) with zero grade instead of the older full grade in Skt. práthas- = Av. fraʮah- n. `breadth', Celt., e.g. Welsh. lled `id.' Also πλαταμών has -- the secondary zero grade excepted -- an exact Skt. agreement, i.e. prathi-mán- m. `extension, breadth'; cf. bel. With the reserve necessary with PN Πλάταια can be identified with Skt. pr̥thivī́ f. `earth', prop. "the broad (stretches of earth); here also a Celtic agreement e.g. in Welsh.-Lat. Letavia, Welsh Llydau `Brittany'. The identification, which is in itself possible, of πλάτανος with Celt., e.g. OIr. lethan, Welsh llydan `broad' is however rather improbable; cf. s. v. The same suffix also in Hitt. paltana-'arm, shoulder', which resembles semantically πλάτη (Laroche Rev. de phil. 75, 38, Benveniste BSL 50, 42). On πλάτη beside πλάτος cf. βλάβη: βλάβος, πάθη: πάθος a.o.; after κώπη? -- A corresponding primary verb is only in Skt. práthati, -te `extend' retained, to which as verbal noun prathi-mán-: πλατα-μών prop. "which extends" (cf. τελα-μών prop. "who bears"). The from this and from pr̥thi-vī : Πλάτα-ια resulting disyll. root * pleth₂-: *pl̥th₂ gave the Skt. aspirate (in prevocalic position): pr̥thú- from *pl̥th₂-ú-, práthas- from *pléth₂os-. -- Far remains Arm. layn `broad' (to Lat. lātus `broad'), s. W.-Hofmann s. v. w. lit. Further details with rich lit. in Mayrhofer s. pr̥thúḥ, pr̥thvī́, práthati, práthaḫ, prathimā́, W.-Hofmann s. 1. planta, Fraenkel s. platùs; older lit. in WP. 2, 99f. (Pok. 833f.).Page in Frisk: 2,553-554Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πλατύς 1
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68 ῥικνός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `bent, crooked, shrivelled (of age, dryness, cold), stiff' (ep. poet. h.Ap.); ῥικνοφυεῖς τὰς στρεβλὰς καὶ πεπιεσμένας H.Compounds: ἐπί-ρρικνος `somewhat bent' (X., Poll.).Derivatives: ῥικν-ήεις `id.', enlarged form (Nic.); - ότης = καμπυλότης H.; - ώδης `shrivelled' (Hp., AP); ῥικνόομαι, rarely with κατα-, δια-, `to shrivel, to contract, to contort' (S., Arist., Opp.) with ῥίκνωσις f. `shrivelling, wrinkledness' (Hp.). -- Beside it ῥοικός `crooked, bowlegged' (Archil., Hp., Arist.). -- Further ῥικάζεται H. as explanation (beside στροβεῖται) of ῥιξικάζεται (s.v.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1158] *wroiḱ- `turn, envelop, crooked'Etymology: With ῥικ-νός: ῥοικ-ός cf. e.g. πικ-ρός: ποικ-ίλος. With ῥοικός agree Lith. ráišas (raĩšas) `limping, lame' (cf. for the meaning κυλλός `crooked, crippled'), Germ., MEng. wrāh `wrong, stubborn', NDutch wreeg `stiff', formally also Av. urvaēsa m. `whirlwind, tuningpoint of the racecourse', IE *u̯riḱo-s m. approx. `turning, curvature', adj. `turned, crooked'. Beside it from IE *u̯reiḱo-s a.o. MLG wrīch `forbidden, distorted, fixed, stiff etc.' Corresponding primary verbs: a zero grade yot-present in Av. urvis-ya- `turn in circles, turn about'; a full grade root-present in OE wrēon (PGm. *u̯rīhan, IE *u̯reiḱ-) with pret. wrāh (PGm. *u̯raih, IE *u̯roiḱ-a) `envelop' (on the meaning cf. εἰλύω and 2. εἰλέω; s.vv.). A denominative or deverbative deriv. is the ἅπ. λεγ ῥικάζεται H.; the form ῥιξικά-ζεται, thus glossed (and with στροβεῖται), must, if at all rightly transmitted, be an expressive enlargement; cf. Baunack Phil. 70, 370. -- Further representatives of this richly developed root in WP. 1, 278 f.. Pok. 1158f., W.-Hofmann s. rīca ('enveloping kerchief'; IE *u̯reiḱā), Fraenkel s. ráišas 1.; there rich lit.Page in Frisk: 2,656Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥικνός
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69 изолированный корень
1) Mathematics: by implicit function theorem, then, x=0 is an isolated zero2) Physiology: isolated rootУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > изолированный корень
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70 корень полинома
Makarov: polynomial root, polynomial zero -
71 погрешность
accuracy метр., drift, error, imprecision, inaccuracy, lapse, uncertainty, precision* * *погре́шность ж.
errorвводи́ть попра́вку на погре́шность — allow for an errorпогре́шность синхрониза́ции составля́ет столько-то секу́нд — synchronization is in error by so-much secondsпогре́шность (в чём-л.) [m2]составля́ет ( столько-то) — (something) is in error by (so-mach, so-many)учи́тывать погре́шность — allow for an errorучи́тывать погре́шность на глаз — allow for an error by estimationабсолю́тная погре́шность — absolute errorаддити́вная погре́шность — additive errorпогре́шность в вычисле́нии — miscalculationпогре́шность визи́рования — sighting errorвысо́тная погре́шность — altitude errorгистере́зисная погре́шность — hysteresis errorпогре́шность градуиро́вочной характери́стики — calibration errorпогре́шность дискретиза́ции — digitizing error; ( для квантования по уровню) quantizing error; ( для квантования по времени) sampling errorдополни́тельная погре́шность — complementary errorпогре́шность измере́ния — measurement errorпогре́шность инструме́нта — instrument(al) errorквадра́нтная погре́шность — quadrantal errorпогре́шность квантова́ния — ( по уровню) quantizing [quantization] error; ( по времени) sampling errorпогре́шность ку́рса — beading errorпогре́шность ме́ры — error due to the standard usedме́стная погре́шность — site errorпогре́шность местоположе́ния — position errorнеустрани́мая погре́шность — irreducible errorнулева́я погре́шность — zero errorпогре́шность округле́ния — round-off errorокта́нтная погре́шность — octantal errorосновна́я погре́шность — basic [fundamental] errorоста́точная погре́шность — individual deviation, residualпогре́шность от гру́за — cargo errorпогре́шность от кре́на мор. — heeling errorпогре́шность от местоположе́ния радиоста́нции — station-location errorотноси́тельная погре́шность — relative error; ( в виде дроби) fractional error; (в %) percentage error; (при наличии численного значения, в % от показания) … % of the indicationпогре́шность от подключе́ния нагру́зки — loading errorпогре́шность отсчё́та — reading errorпреде́льно допусти́мая погре́шность — limit or error, accuracyпогре́шность прибо́ра — instrument(al) errorприведё́нная погре́шность ( в процентах oт верхнего предела) — error, % f.s.d; error, % of the range (used); error referred to full-scale valueсистемати́ческая погре́шность — systematic errorслуча́йная погре́шность — random errorсре́дняя погре́шность — mean errorсре́дняя квадрати́ческая погре́шность — root-mean-square error, standard deviationстатисти́ческая погре́шность — statistical errorтемперату́рная погре́шность — temperature errorфа́зовая погре́шность — phase errorпогре́шность фикса́ции результа́та ( снятия отсчета) — visible errorпогре́шность хо́да ( микрометра) — error of runпогре́шность юстиро́вки — alignment error* * * -
72 усиление
amplification, boost, enhancement, gain, ( изображения) intensification, magnification, magnifying, multiplication, reinforcement, ( чулка или носка) splicing selection, shoring, strengthening* * *усиле́ние с.1. ( механическое) strengthening, reinforcement, beefing-upусиле́ние не зави́сит от частоты́ — the gain remains flat with frequencyобеспе́чивать равноме́рное усиле́ние по диапазо́ну — give a flat gain over the (frequency) rangeусиле́ние происхо́дит в основно́м по промежу́точной частоте́ — amplification takes place largely at the intermediate frequencyусиле́ние анте́нны — antenna gainусиле́ние анте́нны, испо́льзуемое — realized (antenna) gainвноси́мое усиле́ние — insertion gainвтори́чно-электро́нное усиле́ние элк. — secondary-emission multiplicationга́зовое усиле́ние элк. — gas amplification, gas multiplicationдифференциа́льное усиле́ние тлв. — differential gainусиле́ние, допусти́мое по сви́сту тлф. — singing marginусиле́ние на сре́дней частоте́ диапазо́на — midfrequency gainнулево́е усиле́ние — zero gainо́бщее усиле́ние — total [overall] amplification; overall gainпараметри́ческое усиле́ние — parametric [reactance] amplificationусиле́ние по мо́щности — power amplification; power gainусиле́ние по напряже́нию — voltage amplification; voltage gainусиле́ние по то́ку — current amplification; current gainпредвари́тельное усиле́ние — preamplificationравноме́рное усиле́ние — flat [uniform] gainфотографи́ческое усиле́ние — intensificationусиле́ние шва — свар. weld reinforcement; ( с обратной стороны) root reinforcementусиле́ние шва пла́вно перехо́дит в основно́й мета́лл — the weld reinforcement blends smoothly with parent metal* * * -
73 soluzione
"solution;Lösung;soluçao"* * *f solutionsoluzione provvisoria stopgap* * *soluzione s.f.1 (chim.) solution: soluzione satura, saturated solution; soluzione tamponata, buffered solution; aumentare la concentrazione di una soluzione, to strengthen a solution; diluire la concentrazione di una soluzione, to dilute a solution2 ( spiegazione, scioglimento) (re)solution, solving: soluzione di un dubbio, di un problema, solution of a doubt, of a problem; cercare, trovare la soluzione, to look for, to find a solution // (dir.) soluzione transattiva di una lite, settlement of a dispute5 (comm.) ( pagamento) payment, settlement, discharge: soluzione di un debito, discharge (o payment) of a debt; pagamento in un'unica soluzione, single payment; pagare in un'unica soluzione, to pay outright (o at one go).* * *[solut'tsjone]sostantivo femminile1) chim. farm. solution2) (risoluzione) (di problema) solution, answer (di to); resolution (di of); (di quiz, indovinello) answer (di to); (di esercizio) key; (di equazione) solution3) comm. (pagamento)•soluzione di continuità — break, gap, interruption
soluzione finale — stor. Final Solution
* * *soluzione/solut'tsjone/sostantivo f.1 chim. farm. solution2 (risoluzione) (di problema) solution, answer (di to); resolution (di of); (di quiz, indovinello) answer (di to); (di esercizio) key; (di equazione) solution; non è (un problema) di facile soluzione there is no easy answer (to the problem); una soluzione di comodo an easy way out3 comm. (pagamento) pagare in un'unica soluzione to pay outright; pagamento in un'unica soluzione single settlementsoluzione di continuità break, gap, interruption; senza soluzione di continuità without interruption; soluzione finale stor. Final Solution. -
74 погрешность
ж. errorпогрешность синхронизации составляет столько-то секунд — synchronization is in error by so-much seconds
погрешность дискретизации — digitizing error; quantizing error; sampling error
погрешность квантования — quantizing error; sampling error
относительная погрешность — relative error; fractional error; percentage error; … % of the indication
Синонимический ряд:ошибка (сущ.) ляпсус; ошибка -
75 brьdnǫti
brьdnǫti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `wade'Page in Trubačev: III 67Czech:břednouti `melt, (obs.) wade' [verb]Slovak:bŕdnut' `wade, roam' [verb]Polish:brnąć `wade' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bird-Lithuanian:brìsti `wade' [verb], breñda [3sg], brìdo [3sgprt]Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: bʰrdʰ-IE meaning: wadePage in Pokorny: 164Comments: One would have suspected *bьrdnǫti, but Cz. břednouti points to *brьd. Apparently the zero grade of the root was influenced by the full grade of other forms. Likewise, Proto-East Baltic *bristi must have ousted *birsti < *bʰrdʰ-ti on the analogy of forms with full grade. How old the metathesis actually is, cannot be determined. -
76 dьrati
dьrati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `tear, flay'Page in Trubačev: V 218-219Old Church Slavic:Russian:Czech:Slovak:Old Polish:drać `tear' [verb], dziorę [1sg]Serbo-Croatian:dráti `flay' [verb];derȁti `flay' [verb], dȅrēm [1sg];Čak. derȁti (Vrgada) `flay' [verb], dȅreš [2sg];Čak. derȁt (Orbanići) `flay' [verb], dȅro [3pl]Slovene:dę̑rati `flay' [verb], dẹ̑rem [1sg]Bulgarian:derá `flay' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: dir-Lithuanian:dìrti `tear, peel' [verb], dìriu [1sg];dir̃ti `tear, peel', derù [1sg]Latvian:dìrât `flay' [verb]Page in Pokorny: 206Other cognates:Skt. dárti `scatter, split' [3sgaorinj];Go. distaíran `tear apart' [verb] -
77 jūxà
jūxà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `broth, soup'Page in Trubačev: VIII 193Church Slavic:Russian:uxá `fish-soup' [f ā], uxú [Accs] \{1\}Czech:jícha `liquid, sauce, (arch.) soup' [f ā]Slovak:Polish:Slovincian:ju̇̂ẋa `soup' [f ā]Serbo-Croatian:júha (dial.) `soup, broth' [f ā];Čak. jūhȁ (Vrgada) `soup, broth' [f ā] \{2\};Čak. jūhȁ (Novi) `soup, broth' [f ā];Čak. jūhȁ (Orbanići) `soup' [f ā], jȗho [Accs]Slovene:júha `soup' [f ā]Lithuanian:jū́šė `broth, soup' [f ā] 1Old Prussian:Comments: The fact that all in all the accentological evidence points to AP (b) is problematic in view of the laryngeal reflected by forms from other branches. If the root is identical with Skt. yu- `unite, attach, bind', we may reconstruct * ieu- alongside * ieuH, cf. Lith. jáuti, jaũti. In any case, Slavic has full grade, * ieu(H)-s- or * iou(H)-s-, against zero grade in Baltic.Other cognates:Skt. yū́ṣ- (RV+) `broth' [n];Notes:\{1\} AP (b) is also attested in Old Russian (Zaliznjak 1985: 135). \{2\} According to Jurišić, this form is a recent designation of čõrba. -
78 līcè
līcè Grammatical information: n. jo Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `cheek, face'Page in Trubačev: XV 75-78Old Church Slavic:Russian:licó `face, person' [n o]Old Russian:Czech:líce `face, (lit.) cheek' [n o]Old Czech:líce `cheek' [n o]Polish:Serbo-Croatian:líce `face, appearance' [n o];Čak. līcȅ (Vrgada: obs.) `face, appearance' [n o], lȉca [Nom p];Čak. līcȅ (Novi) `face, appearance' [n o], líca [Nom p];Čak. līcȅ (Orbanići) `cheek' [n o], lĩca [Nom p]Slovene:líce `cheek, face' [n o]Bulgarian:licé `face, appearance, person' [n o]Old Prussian:laygnan (EV) `cheek'Comments: Since the third palatalization is generally considered not to have operated after *ei, one may advance the hypothesis that the root originally had zero grade.Other cognates: -
79 sě̀nь
sě̀nь Grammatical information: f. i Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `shadow'Old Church Slavic:sěnь `shadow' [f i]Russian:Czech:síň `(entrance) hall' [f i]Old Czech:sieň `(entrance) hall' [f i]Slovak:sieň `(entrance) hall' [f i]Polish:sień `(entrance) hall' [f i]Serbo-Croatian:sjȅn `shadow' [m o]Latvian:seĩja (dial.) `face' [f ā];Other cognates:Skt. chāyā́- (RV+) `shadow, reflection' [f ā];Gk. σκιά̑ `shadow' [f];Notes:\{1\} The *s- was adopted from forms with zero grade of the root, cf. *sijati. -
80 vъtorъjь
vъtorъjь Grammatical information: num. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `second, secondaryOld Church Slavic:Russian:vtorój `second, secondary' [num o] \{2\}Ukrainian:vtóryj `second, secondary' [num o]Polish:wtóry (arch.) `second, secondary' [num o]Slovene:vtóri `second' [num o]Indo-European reconstruction: (h1)ui-tor-o-Comments: The PIE form may have had initial *h₁- < *d- as a result of dissimilation before a following dental. It is not very likely that the PIE form was *n-toro-, with an unparallelled zero grade of the root reflected in Lith. añtras `second', etc.Other cognates:Skt. vitarám (RV) `again, further' [adv];Notes:
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