Перевод: со словенского на английский

с английского на словенский

zero+in+on

  • 1 ȅzero

    ȅzero; ȅzerъ Grammatical information: n. o; m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `lake'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 33-34
    Old Church Slavic:
    jezero `lake' [n o];
    jezerъ (Zogr., Ass.) `lake' [Accm o]
    Russian:
    ózero `lake' [n o]
    Czech:
    jezero `lake' [n o]
    Slovak:
    jazero `lake' [n o];
    jeźer (E. dial.) `lake' [m o]
    Polish:
    jezioro `lake' [n o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    jězer `lake' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȅzero `lake' [n o], jezèra [Nom p];
    Čak. jȅzero (Vrgada) `lake' [n o], jezerå̃ [Nom p];
    Čak. jȅzero?? (Novi) `lake' [n o], jȅzera [Nom p];
    jȅzēr `lake' [m o]
    Slovene:
    ję̑zerọ `lake' [n o];
    ję̑zer `lake' [m o];
    jezer `lake' [f i]
    Bulgarian:
    ézero `lake' [n o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: éźero
    Lithuanian:
    ẽžeras `lake' [m o] 3b
    Latvian:
    ęzęrs `lake' [m o];
    ęzars `lake' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    assaran `lake' [n]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₁eǵʰ-(e)r-o-
    IE meaning: lake
    Certainty: -
    Comments: In view of "Rozwadowski's change", the reconstruction of the anlaut offers a number of alternatives (*h₂e-, *h₃e-, *Ho-), but not if the etymon under discussion belongs to *ězъ `balk, weir', which in my opinion is the case. A cognate outside Balto-Slavic is Arm. ezr `bank, border, limit' < *h₁(e)ǵʰ- (-> *ězъ for the semantic apects of the etymology). Note that the short initial vowel of *jȅzero requires the reconstruction of an aspirated velar anyhow (Winter's law). The connection with the Greek mythological river Α᾽ χέρων is dubious.
    Other cognates:
    Arm. ezr `edge, border, bank' [r]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ȅzero

  • 2 ȅzerъ

    ȅzero; ȅzerъ Grammatical information: n. o; m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `lake'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 33-34
    Old Church Slavic:
    jezero `lake' [n o];
    jezerъ (Zogr., Ass.) `lake' [Accm o]
    Russian:
    ózero `lake' [n o]
    Czech:
    jezero `lake' [n o]
    Slovak:
    jazero `lake' [n o];
    jeźer (E. dial.) `lake' [m o]
    Polish:
    jezioro `lake' [n o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    jězer `lake' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȅzero `lake' [n o], jezèra [Nom p];
    Čak. jȅzero (Vrgada) `lake' [n o], jezerå̃ [Nom p];
    Čak. jȅzero?? (Novi) `lake' [n o], jȅzera [Nom p];
    jȅzēr `lake' [m o]
    Slovene:
    ję̑zerọ `lake' [n o];
    ję̑zer `lake' [m o];
    jezer `lake' [f i]
    Bulgarian:
    ézero `lake' [n o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: éźero
    Lithuanian:
    ẽžeras `lake' [m o] 3b
    Latvian:
    ęzęrs `lake' [m o];
    ęzars `lake' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    assaran `lake' [n]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₁eǵʰ-(e)r-o-
    IE meaning: lake
    Certainty: -
    Comments: In view of "Rozwadowski's change", the reconstruction of the anlaut offers a number of alternatives (*h₂e-, *h₃e-, *Ho-), but not if the etymon under discussion belongs to *ězъ `balk, weir', which in my opinion is the case. A cognate outside Balto-Slavic is Arm. ezr `bank, border, limit' < *h₁(e)ǵʰ- (-> *ězъ for the semantic apects of the etymology). Note that the short initial vowel of *jȅzero requires the reconstruction of an aspirated velar anyhow (Winter's law). The connection with the Greek mythological river Α᾽ χέρων is dubious.
    Other cognates:
    Arm. ezr `edge, border, bank' [r]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ȅzerъ

  • 3 ězъ

    ězъ; ěžь; ěža; ezъ Grammatical information: m. o; m. jo; f. jā; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `weir'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 59
    Church Slavic:
    ězъ (RuCS) `fish weir' [m o];
    (j)ezъ (RuCS) `fish weir' [m o];
    Russian:
    iž (dial.) `fishing tackle made of willow-twigs or a net' [m jo];
    ëz `fish weir' [m o]
    Old Russian:
    ězъ `fish weir' [m o];
    (j)ezъ `fish weir' [m o]
    Belorussian:
    jaz `fishing tackle [m o];
    ez (dial.) `fish weir' [m o]
    Ukrainian:
    jiz `fish weir' [m o];
    jaz `fish weir' [m o]
    Czech:
    jez `mill-pond, dam, weir, dike' [m o]
    Polish:
    jaz `mill-pond, fish weir' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȃz `drain (at a dam or weir), mill-pond, dike' [m o];
    jȇz `mill-pond, dam, weir' [m o];
    jȃž (dial.) `canal' [m jo];
    jȃža (dial.) `brook streaming from a spring' [f jā]
    Slovene:
    jẹ̑z `dike, dam, weir' [m o], jẹ̑za [Gens], jẹzȗ [Gens];
    jẹ́ža `dike, dam, weir, mill-pond' [f jā]
    Bulgarian:
    jaz `dam, weir, dike' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ēź-; eź-o-
    Lithuanian:
    ežià `boundary(-strip), balk' [f jā] 2
    Latvian:
    eža `boundary(-strip), balk' [f jā]
    Old Prussian:
    asy (EV) `boundary(-strip), balk'
    Comments: Meanings such as `mill-pond', `drain, canal' and `brook' form a semantic link between *ěz-/ez- `dam, weir' and -> *ȅzero `lake', cf. MoE dike `thick bank or wall built to control water' vs. MoHG Teich `pond'. The original meaning in Balto-Slavic is best covered by the word balk, meaning both `boundary-strip, dividing ridge', `wooden beam' and (dial.) `fishing-weir'. Arm. ezr (-> *ȅzero), which basically means `edge', agrees semantically very well with the Balto-Slavic etymon under discussion. We must reconstruct *h₁ēǵʰ-o/ā-, with an obscure lengthened grade, alongside *h₁eǵʰ-o/ā-.
    Other cognates:
    Arm. ezr `bank, border, limit' \{1\}

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ězъ

  • 4 ěžь

    ězъ; ěžь; ěža; ezъ Grammatical information: m. o; m. jo; f. jā; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `weir'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 59
    Church Slavic:
    ězъ (RuCS) `fish weir' [m o];
    (j)ezъ (RuCS) `fish weir' [m o];
    Russian:
    iž (dial.) `fishing tackle made of willow-twigs or a net' [m jo];
    ëz `fish weir' [m o]
    Old Russian:
    ězъ `fish weir' [m o];
    (j)ezъ `fish weir' [m o]
    Belorussian:
    jaz `fishing tackle [m o];
    ez (dial.) `fish weir' [m o]
    Ukrainian:
    jiz `fish weir' [m o];
    jaz `fish weir' [m o]
    Czech:
    jez `mill-pond, dam, weir, dike' [m o]
    Polish:
    jaz `mill-pond, fish weir' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȃz `drain (at a dam or weir), mill-pond, dike' [m o];
    jȇz `mill-pond, dam, weir' [m o];
    jȃž (dial.) `canal' [m jo];
    jȃža (dial.) `brook streaming from a spring' [f jā]
    Slovene:
    jẹ̑z `dike, dam, weir' [m o], jẹ̑za [Gens], jẹzȗ [Gens];
    jẹ́ža `dike, dam, weir, mill-pond' [f jā]
    Bulgarian:
    jaz `dam, weir, dike' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ēź-; eź-o-
    Lithuanian:
    ežià `boundary(-strip), balk' [f jā] 2
    Latvian:
    eža `boundary(-strip), balk' [f jā]
    Old Prussian:
    asy (EV) `boundary(-strip), balk'
    Comments: Meanings such as `mill-pond', `drain, canal' and `brook' form a semantic link between *ěz-/ez- `dam, weir' and -> *ȅzero `lake', cf. MoE dike `thick bank or wall built to control water' vs. MoHG Teich `pond'. The original meaning in Balto-Slavic is best covered by the word balk, meaning both `boundary-strip, dividing ridge', `wooden beam' and (dial.) `fishing-weir'. Arm. ezr (-> *ȅzero), which basically means `edge', agrees semantically very well with the Balto-Slavic etymon under discussion. We must reconstruct *h₁ēǵʰ-o/ā-, with an obscure lengthened grade, alongside *h₁eǵʰ-o/ā-.
    Other cognates:
    Arm. ezr `bank, border, limit' \{1\}

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ěžь

  • 5 ěža

    ězъ; ěžь; ěža; ezъ Grammatical information: m. o; m. jo; f. jā; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `weir'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 59
    Church Slavic:
    ězъ (RuCS) `fish weir' [m o];
    (j)ezъ (RuCS) `fish weir' [m o];
    Russian:
    iž (dial.) `fishing tackle made of willow-twigs or a net' [m jo];
    ëz `fish weir' [m o]
    Old Russian:
    ězъ `fish weir' [m o];
    (j)ezъ `fish weir' [m o]
    Belorussian:
    jaz `fishing tackle [m o];
    ez (dial.) `fish weir' [m o]
    Ukrainian:
    jiz `fish weir' [m o];
    jaz `fish weir' [m o]
    Czech:
    jez `mill-pond, dam, weir, dike' [m o]
    Polish:
    jaz `mill-pond, fish weir' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȃz `drain (at a dam or weir), mill-pond, dike' [m o];
    jȇz `mill-pond, dam, weir' [m o];
    jȃž (dial.) `canal' [m jo];
    jȃža (dial.) `brook streaming from a spring' [f jā]
    Slovene:
    jẹ̑z `dike, dam, weir' [m o], jẹ̑za [Gens], jẹzȗ [Gens];
    jẹ́ža `dike, dam, weir, mill-pond' [f jā]
    Bulgarian:
    jaz `dam, weir, dike' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ēź-; eź-o-
    Lithuanian:
    ežià `boundary(-strip), balk' [f jā] 2
    Latvian:
    eža `boundary(-strip), balk' [f jā]
    Old Prussian:
    asy (EV) `boundary(-strip), balk'
    Comments: Meanings such as `mill-pond', `drain, canal' and `brook' form a semantic link between *ěz-/ez- `dam, weir' and -> *ȅzero `lake', cf. MoE dike `thick bank or wall built to control water' vs. MoHG Teich `pond'. The original meaning in Balto-Slavic is best covered by the word balk, meaning both `boundary-strip, dividing ridge', `wooden beam' and (dial.) `fishing-weir'. Arm. ezr (-> *ȅzero), which basically means `edge', agrees semantically very well with the Balto-Slavic etymon under discussion. We must reconstruct *h₁ēǵʰ-o/ā-, with an obscure lengthened grade, alongside *h₁eǵʰ-o/ā-.
    Other cognates:
    Arm. ezr `bank, border, limit' \{1\}

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ěža

  • 6 ezъ

    ězъ; ěžь; ěža; ezъ Grammatical information: m. o; m. jo; f. jā; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `weir'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 59
    Church Slavic:
    ězъ (RuCS) `fish weir' [m o];
    (j)ezъ (RuCS) `fish weir' [m o];
    Russian:
    iž (dial.) `fishing tackle made of willow-twigs or a net' [m jo];
    ëz `fish weir' [m o]
    Old Russian:
    ězъ `fish weir' [m o];
    (j)ezъ `fish weir' [m o]
    Belorussian:
    jaz `fishing tackle [m o];
    ez (dial.) `fish weir' [m o]
    Ukrainian:
    jiz `fish weir' [m o];
    jaz `fish weir' [m o]
    Czech:
    jez `mill-pond, dam, weir, dike' [m o]
    Polish:
    jaz `mill-pond, fish weir' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȃz `drain (at a dam or weir), mill-pond, dike' [m o];
    jȇz `mill-pond, dam, weir' [m o];
    jȃž (dial.) `canal' [m jo];
    jȃža (dial.) `brook streaming from a spring' [f jā]
    Slovene:
    jẹ̑z `dike, dam, weir' [m o], jẹ̑za [Gens], jẹzȗ [Gens];
    jẹ́ža `dike, dam, weir, mill-pond' [f jā]
    Bulgarian:
    jaz `dam, weir, dike' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ēź-; eź-o-
    Lithuanian:
    ežià `boundary(-strip), balk' [f jā] 2
    Latvian:
    eža `boundary(-strip), balk' [f jā]
    Old Prussian:
    asy (EV) `boundary(-strip), balk'
    Comments: Meanings such as `mill-pond', `drain, canal' and `brook' form a semantic link between *ěz-/ez- `dam, weir' and -> *ȅzero `lake', cf. MoE dike `thick bank or wall built to control water' vs. MoHG Teich `pond'. The original meaning in Balto-Slavic is best covered by the word balk, meaning both `boundary-strip, dividing ridge', `wooden beam' and (dial.) `fishing-weir'. Arm. ezr (-> *ȅzero), which basically means `edge', agrees semantically very well with the Balto-Slavic etymon under discussion. We must reconstruct *h₁ēǵʰ-o/ā-, with an obscure lengthened grade, alongside *h₁eǵʰ-o/ā-.
    Other cognates:
    Arm. ezr `bank, border, limit' \{1\}

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ezъ

  • 7 jьgъlà

    jьgъlà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `needle'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 213-214
    Old Church Slavic:
    \{1\}
    Church Slavic:
    igla `needle' [f ā]
    Russian:
    iglá `needle' [f ā]
    Ukrainian:
    hólka `needle' [f ā];
    ihlá (dial.) `needle' [f ā]
    Czech:
    jehla `needle' [f ā];
    ihɫa (dial.) `needle' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    ihla `needle' [f ā]
    Polish:
    igɫa `needle, pin' [f ā];
    jegɫa (dial.) `needle, pin' [f ā]
    Slovincian:
    jìe̯glă `needle' [f ā]
    Lower Sorbian:
    gɫa `needle' [f ā]
    Polabian:
    jḁglă `needle' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    ìgla `needle' [f ā], ȉglu [Accs];
    jìgla (dial.) `needle' [f ā];
    jàgla (dial.) `needle' [f ā];
    Čak. iglȁ (Vrgada) `needle' [f ā], ȉglu [Accs];
    Čak. iglȁ (Novi) `needle' [f ā];
    Čak. jȏgla (Hvar) `needle' [f ā], ȉglu [Accs];
    Čak. ȉgla (Orbanići) `needle' [f ā], ȉglo [Accs]
    Slovene:
    ígla `needle, kingpin' [f ā];
    iglà `needle, kingpin' [f ā];
    jǝ̀gla `needle, kingpin' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    iglá `needle' [f ā]
    Old Prussian:
    ayculo `needle' [f ā]
    Comments: The connection with Lith. (dial.) áigyti `prick, sting, incite, beat', aĩgaras `straw' (Toporov PJ s.v. ayculo), does not seem implausible. OPr. ayculo may have <c> for g. The assumption that ay- reflects *ei is not trivial. The Slavic root may have either zero grade or e-grade unless the root has initial *h₂ or *h₃. Note that in case of a zero grade in the root the *u of the suffix would have blocked the progressive palatalization.
    Notes:
    \{1\} According to the Staroslavjanskij slovar', the adjective igъlinъ occurs nine times, always in the context skvozě igъlině uši `through the eye of a needle'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > jьgъlà

  • 8 màlъ

    màlъ Grammatical information: adj. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `small, little'
    Page in Trubačev: XVII 173-178
    Old Church Slavic:
    malъ `small, little' [adj o]
    Russian:
    mályj `small, little' [adj o]
    Czech:
    malý `small, little' [adj o]
    Slovak:
    malý `small, little' [adj o]
    Polish:
    maɫy `small, little' [adj o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mȁo `small, little' [adj o];
    Čak. må̃lī (Vrgada) `small, little' [adj o];
    Čak. mȃli (Orbanići) `small, little' [adj o]
    Slovene:
    mȃli `small, little' [adj o]
    Bulgarian:
    mal (BTR) `small, little' [adj o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: moh₁-lo-
    Page in Pokorny: 724
    Comments: The question is whether *màlъ can be linked to PIE *melH-, as has been advocated by Varbot, for instance (1972: 63). In view of the acute root vowel, I consider this unlikely: we would have to posit a lengthened grade root of which the acute intonation is analogical after forms with full or zero grade. Thus, I prefer to reconstruct a root *mH₁-, which in the etymon under discussion is followed by an l-suffix (cf. Vaillant IV, 545, where the root is assumed to be identical with the root of Ru. majat', which I reconstruct as *meH₂-). The Germanic forms would have s mobile and zero grade of the root. Notice that Pokorny classifies CS mělъkъ under 1. mel-, melǝ- `zermalmen, schlagen, mahlen etc.', while OCS malъ can be found under mēlo-, smēlo- `kleines Tier'.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. μη̃λον `small cattle, goat, sheep' [n] \{1\};
    OIr. míl `(small) `animal';
    Go. smals `small, insignificant'
    ;
    OIc. smali `small (live) `stock, sheep'
    Notes:
    \{1\} The Doric form also has η.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > màlъ

  • 9 nič

    love, nil, no, nothing, zero

    Slovenian-english dictionary > nič

  • 10 brьdnǫti

    brьdnǫti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `wade'
    Page in Trubačev: III 67
    Czech:
    břednouti `melt, (obs.) wade' [verb]
    Slovak:
    bŕdnut' `wade, roam' [verb]
    Polish:
    brnąć `wade' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: bird-
    Lithuanian:
    brìsti `wade' [verb], breñda [3sg], brìdo [3sgprt]
    Latvian:
    brist `wade' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰrdʰ-
    IE meaning: wade
    Page in Pokorny: 164
    Comments: One would have suspected *bьrdnǫti, but Cz. břednouti points to *brьd. Apparently the zero grade of the root was influenced by the full grade of other forms. Likewise, Proto-East Baltic *bristi must have ousted *birsti < *bʰrdʰ-ti on the analogy of forms with full grade. How old the metathesis actually is, cannot be determined.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > brьdnǫti

  • 11 bъrna

    bъrna Grammatical information: f. ā
    Page in Trubačev: III 130
    Slovene:
    bŕna (Steiermark) `carnival mask depicting an animal' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    bắrna `lip' [f ā]
    Macedonian:
    brna `nose-ring (of animals)' [f ā]
    Lithuanian:
    burnà `mouth, face' [f ā] 3
    Latvian:
    puȓns `snout' [m o]
    Comments: The root can be reconstructed as a zero grade * bʰrH-, wich may be identical with the root of Lat. forāre, OHG borōn `perforate'. For the initial p of the Latvian form, see Kiparsky 1968.
    Other cognates:
    Arm. beran `mouth'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bъrna

  • 12 dyra

    dyra; dyr'a Grammatical information: f. ā; f. jā Proto-Slavic meaning: `hole'
    Page in Trubačev: V 205
    Russian:
    dyrá `hole, gap' [f ā]
    Old Russian:
    dyrja `hole' [f ā]
    Polabian:
    dară `hole, prison' [f ā]
    Indo-European reconstruction: dr(H)-
    Comments: In the ESSJa, it is argued that Ru. dyrá, which occurs alongside dirá (-> * dira), results from secondary ablaut (starting from * dъr- instead of of * dьr- `tear'. The same is suggested for -> * dura. It seems to me that such a scenario requires that there existed a formally and semantically similar root. In this particular case the root of Lith. dùrti `stab, push' has often been mentioned, but more often than not (e.g. Vasmer s.v. dyrá, Fraenkel LEW: 113, Sɫawski SEJP I: 208) the latter root is considered etymologically identical. This implies that already in Balto-Slavic both * dir- and * dur- functioned as the zero grade of * der- `tear'. Here I would like to adopt a more agnostic attitude, i.e. I prefer to separate forms belonging to the "u" ablaut series provisionally from * der- `tear'. Note that Baltic * duris firmly acute, while in the case of the verb `to tear' there are many indications for an old circumflex.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dyra

  • 13 dyr'a

    dyra; dyr'a Grammatical information: f. ā; f. jā Proto-Slavic meaning: `hole'
    Page in Trubačev: V 205
    Russian:
    dyrá `hole, gap' [f ā]
    Old Russian:
    dyrja `hole' [f ā]
    Polabian:
    dară `hole, prison' [f ā]
    Indo-European reconstruction: dr(H)-
    Comments: In the ESSJa, it is argued that Ru. dyrá, which occurs alongside dirá (-> * dira), results from secondary ablaut (starting from * dъr- instead of of * dьr- `tear'. The same is suggested for -> * dura. It seems to me that such a scenario requires that there existed a formally and semantically similar root. In this particular case the root of Lith. dùrti `stab, push' has often been mentioned, but more often than not (e.g. Vasmer s.v. dyrá, Fraenkel LEW: 113, Sɫawski SEJP I: 208) the latter root is considered etymologically identical. This implies that already in Balto-Slavic both * dir- and * dur- functioned as the zero grade of * der- `tear'. Here I would like to adopt a more agnostic attitude, i.e. I prefer to separate forms belonging to the "u" ablaut series provisionally from * der- `tear'. Note that Baltic * duris firmly acute, while in the case of the verb `to tear' there are many indications for an old circumflex.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dyr'a

  • 14 dьlbiti

    dьlbiti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `hollow, chisel'
    Page in Trubačev: V 206
    Russian:
    dolbíti `hollow, chisel' [verb], dolbljú [1sg], dolbít [3sg]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dúbiti `hollow, chisel' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: dʰlbʰ -
    Page in Pokorny: 246
    Comments: Verb in *- iti containing the zero grade of * dʰelbʰ- `dig'. Like Adams (1999: 738), I consider the etymological relationship with Toch. B tsälp- `free (from)' doubtful.
    Other cognates:
    OE delfan `dig' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dьlbiti

  • 15 dьrati

    dьrati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `tear, flay'
    Page in Trubačev: V 218-219
    Old Church Slavic:
    dьrati `flay' [verb], derǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    drat' `tear' [verb], derú [1sg], derët [3sg]
    Czech:
    dráti `tear' [verb], deru [1sg]
    Slovak:
    drat' `tear' [verb]
    Old Polish:
    drać `tear' [verb], dziorę [1sg]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dráti `flay' [verb];
    derȁti `flay' [verb], dȅrēm [1sg];
    Čak. derȁti (Vrgada) `flay' [verb], dȅreš [2sg];
    Čak. derȁt (Orbanići) `flay' [verb], dȅro [3pl]
    Slovene:
    dę̑rati `flay' [verb], dẹ̑rem [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    derá `flay' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: dir-
    Lithuanian:
    dìrti `tear, peel' [verb], dìriu [1sg];
    dir̃ti `tear, peel', derù [1sg]
    Latvian:
    dìrât `flay' [verb]
    Page in Pokorny: 206
    Comments: Verb in *- ati with zero grade of the root * der-.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. dárti `scatter, split' [3sgaorinj];
    Gk. δέρω `flay' [verb];
    Go. distaíran `tear apart' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dьrati

  • 16 dьrvьn̨a

    dьrvьn̨a Grammatical information: f. jā Proto-Slavic meaning: `field'
    Russian:
    derévnja `village, (dial.) field, wasteland, ploughed field' [f jā]
    Old Russian:
    derévnja `village, field' [f jā] \{1\}
    Lithuanian:
    dirvà `(arable) land, field' [f ā] 2/4
    Latvian:
    dìrva2 `(arable) land, field' [f ā]
    Indo-European reconstruction: dr(H)-u-
    Comments: The reconstruction of a zero grade implies that the sequence ere in the Russian forms originates from the so-called vtoroe polnoglasie.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. drū́vā- `spelt' [f]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The meaning `field' is attested in the Domostroj.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dьrvьn̨a

  • 17 glistъ

    glístъ; glīstà Grammatical information: m. o; f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `worm'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 128-129
    Russian:
    glist `intestinal worm' [m o], glistá [Gens]
    Belorussian:
    hlist `intestinal worm' [m o], hlistá [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    hlyst `intestinal worm' [m o], hlystá [Gens]
    Czech:
    hlíst `intestinal worm' [m o];
    hlísta `intestinal worm' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    hlísta `intestinal worm' [f ā]
    Polish:
    glista `intestinal worm, earth-worm' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    glísta `intestinal worm, earth-worm' [f ā];
    Čak. glȋsta (Orbanići) `worm' [f ā];
    Čak. glȋs (Orbanići) `worm' [f i], glȋsti [f i]
    Slovene:
    glísta `intestinal worm, earth-worm' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    glist `intestinal worm, earth-worm' [m o]
    Lithuanian:
    glaĩstas `layer of clay, plaster' [m o] 2/4
    Indo-European reconstruction: glH₁it-to-??
    Comments: Though masculine o-stems belonging to AP (b) in principle continue old neuters, I am uncertain of this holds for original oxytona, i.e. words that were already oxytone before Dybo's law. Here the reconstruction of an old oxytonon may account for the unexpected absence of a laryngeal in the root, which can now be attributed to the Early Slavic loss of laryngeals in pretonic position. In view of Hirt's law, which would have generated root stress, a reconstruction with a zero grade (*glh1it-tó) is preferable. The semantically different Lith. glaĩstas probably contains a old neuter.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > glistъ

  • 18 glīstà

    glístъ; glīstà Grammatical information: m. o; f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `worm'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 128-129
    Russian:
    glist `intestinal worm' [m o], glistá [Gens]
    Belorussian:
    hlist `intestinal worm' [m o], hlistá [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    hlyst `intestinal worm' [m o], hlystá [Gens]
    Czech:
    hlíst `intestinal worm' [m o];
    hlísta `intestinal worm' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    hlísta `intestinal worm' [f ā]
    Polish:
    glista `intestinal worm, earth-worm' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    glísta `intestinal worm, earth-worm' [f ā];
    Čak. glȋsta (Orbanići) `worm' [f ā];
    Čak. glȋs (Orbanići) `worm' [f i], glȋsti [f i]
    Slovene:
    glísta `intestinal worm, earth-worm' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    glist `intestinal worm, earth-worm' [m o]
    Lithuanian:
    glaĩstas `layer of clay, plaster' [m o] 2/4
    Indo-European reconstruction: glH₁it-to-??
    Comments: Though masculine o-stems belonging to AP (b) in principle continue old neuters, I am uncertain of this holds for original oxytona, i.e. words that were already oxytone before Dybo's law. Here the reconstruction of an old oxytonon may account for the unexpected absence of a laryngeal in the root, which can now be attributed to the Early Slavic loss of laryngeals in pretonic position. In view of Hirt's law, which would have generated root stress, a reconstruction with a zero grade (*glh1it-tó) is preferable. The semantically different Lith. glaĩstas probably contains a old neuter.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > glīstà

  • 19 grьměti

    grьměti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `thunder, roar'
    Page in Trubačev: VII 163-164
    Old Church Slavic:
    grъmę (Supr.) `thundering' [Nomsm pprsa]
    Russian:
    gremét' `thunder, roar' [verb], gremljú [1sg], gremít [3sg]
    Czech:
    hřm̌eti `thunder, roar, rumble' [verb];
    hřmíti `thunder, roar, rumble' [verb]
    Slovak:
    hrmiet' `thunder, roar' [verb]
    Polish:
    grzmieć `thunder, roar' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    gr̀mljeti `thunder' [verb], gr̀mīm [1sg];
    germȉti (Vrgada) `thunder' [verb], germĩ [3sg];
    Čak. gr̄mȅt (Orbanići) `thunder' [verb], gr̄mĩ [3sg]
    Slovene:
    grmẹ́ti `thunder' [verb], grmím [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    gărmjá `thunder' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: grimeʔtei
    Lithuanian:
    grumė́ti `thunder, roar, rumble' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: gʰrm-ehL1-
    Page in Pokorny: 458
    Comments: The zero grade must have been metathesized quite early - possibly in Balto-Slavic times - on the analogy of the full grade.
    Other cognates:
    OIc. gramr `grim, hostile' [adj], OE grimman `rage'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > grьměti

  • 20 jūxà

    jūxà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `broth, soup'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 193
    Church Slavic:
    juxa `broth' [f ā]
    Russian:
    uxá `fish-soup' [f ā], uxú [Accs] \{1\}
    Czech:
    jícha `liquid, sauce, (arch.) soup' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    jucha `cabbage soup' [f ā]
    Polish:
    jucha `bull's blood, soup, sauce, juice' [f ā]
    Slovincian:
    ju̇̂ẋa `soup' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    júha (dial.) `soup, broth' [f ā];
    Čak. jūhȁ (Vrgada) `soup, broth' [f ā] \{2\};
    Čak. jūhȁ (Novi) `soup, broth' [f ā];
    Čak. jūhȁ (Orbanići) `soup' [f ā], jȗho [Accs]
    Slovene:
    júha `soup' [f ā]
    Lithuanian:
    jū́šė `broth, soup' [f ā] 1
    Old Prussian:
    juse `soup' [f]
    Comments: The fact that all in all the accentological evidence points to AP (b) is problematic in view of the laryngeal reflected by forms from other branches. If the root is identical with Skt. yu- `unite, attach, bind', we may reconstruct * ieu- alongside * ieuH, cf. Lith. jáuti, jaũti. In any case, Slavic has full grade, * ieu(H)-s- or * iou(H)-s-, against zero grade in Baltic.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. yū́ṣ- (RV+) `broth' [n];
    Lat. iūs `broth' [n]
    Notes:
    \{1\} AP (b) is also attested in Old Russian (Zaliznjak 1985: 135). \{2\} According to Jurišić, this form is a recent designation of čõrba.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > jūxà

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