vocational+education+level

n. [u]

1 istruzione; studi (pl.); formazione: to receive a good education, ricevere una buona istruzione; primary education, istruzione elementare; secondary education, istruzione secondaria; higher education, istruzione superiore; further education, istruzione successiva a quella dell'obbligo scolastico; istruzione per adulti; university education, studi universitari; formazione universitaria; level of education, livello di istruzione; livello culturale; compulsory education, istruzione obbligatoria; formal education, istruzione regolare; religious education, educazione religiosa; vocational education, istruzione professionale

2 pedagogia; didattica; insegnamento: a diploma in education, un diploma in pedagogia

3 cultura: an encyclopaedic education, una cultura enciclopedica

4 informazione ( in un dato campo); educazione: health education, informazione sanitaria; sex education, educazione sessuale

5 (fig.) – an education, un'esperienza istruttiva

[ˌedju:ˈkeɪʃən]

adult education обучение взрослых; образование взрослых adult education обучение взрослых education образование; просвещение, обучение; all-round education разностороннее образование basic education начальное образование basic education основное образование; основы знаний (в к.-л. области) basic vocational education начальное профессиональное образование basic vocational education основной курс профессионального образования business education коммерческое образование career education образование направленное на карьеру classical (commercial, art) education классическое (коммерческое, художественное) образование consumer education обучение потребителей continuing education постоянно продолжающееся образование continuous education непрерывное образование distance education заочное образование distance education заочное обучение education воспитание, развитие (характера, способностей) education воспитание education дрессировка, обучение (животных) education культура, образованность education образование, просвещение education образование, воспитание education образование; просвещение, обучение; all-round education разностороннее образование education образование education образованность, культура education образованность education просвещение Education: Education: State Centre for Aid to education Государственный центр по оказанию помощи образованию education: education: tertiary education высшее образование education and training promoting employment обучение и дополнительная подготовка education with production обучение совмещенное с производственным процессом elementary education начальное образование family education семейное воспитание; домашнее образование further education дальнейшее образование further: education дальнейший; добавочный; further education дальнейшее образование (исключая университетское) general education всеобщее образование health education медицинское образование health: education attr. гигиенический, санитарный; health education санитарное просвещение; health bill карантинное свидетельство higher education высшее образование higher: higher высший; higher education высшее образование informal education неформальное образование (вне организационных форм) legal education юридическое образование lifelong education непрерывное образование lifelong education учеба в течение всей жизни, непрерывная учеба nonformal education неформальное образование (организованная систематическая учебная деятельность, часто непосредственно связанная с работой, проводимая вне формальной образовательной системы) occupational education профессиональное образование out-of-school education внешкольное образование permanent education непрерывное обучение permanent education постоянное образование popular education народное образование post-qualifying education последипломное образование postsecondary education высшее образование; обучение после завершения среднего образования (независимо от продолжительности курса или выдаваемого сертификата) primary education начальное образование professional education профессиональное обучение public education народное образование remedial education исправительное обучение safety education образование в области безопасности труда secondary-level education среднее образование education: tertiary education высшее образование trade education специальное образование university education университетское образование vocational education профессионально-техническое образование vocational education профессиональное образование vocational education профессиональное обучение workers education рабочее образование; подготовка прфсоюзных работников

- adult education

- adult education

- below-cost education

- business education

- career education

- college education

- compulsory education

- elementary education

- engineering education

- free education

- general education

- grade school education

- graduate education

- health education

- high education

- higher education

- in-service education

- lifelong education

- management education

- mid-career education

- permanent education

- postgraduate education

- postprimary education

- postsecondary education

- primary education

- private education

- professional education

- public education

- secondary education

- specialized secondary education

- technical education

- technical secondary education

- tertiary education

- third-level education

- trade education

- undergraduate education

- universal primary education

- vocational education

уровни образования

Условно уровни можно разделить на:

1. Primary School

2. High School, no Degree

3. High School Degree

4. Vocational School

5. Some University Courses

6. University Degree

7. Some Graduate Level Courses

8. Master Degree

9. Some Doctorate Level Courses

10. Doctorate Degree

обр. высшее образование (включает все ступени образования, следующие за обязательным средним образованием; основными институтами получения высшего образования являюся колледжи, университеты и профессионально-технические училища; по окончании обучения предполагает получение дипломов, сертификатов или ученых степеней)

(организация, создание) formation

(просвещение) education

What qualifications have you got? Che qualifiche hai?

I've got six GCSEs and three A levels. Ho sei materie al GCSE e tre agli A level.

Where did you go to school? Dove sei andato a scuola?

Have you got any work-related qualifications? Hai delle qualifiche professionali?

I've got a diploma in Office Admin. Ho un diploma in amministrazione.

I've got a degree in Business Studies. Ho una laurea in amministrazione aziendale.

Is that a vocational course? È un corso professionale?

I've got a Master's in Economics. Ho un master in economia.

I did a doctorate in microbiology at Glasgow University. Ho fatto un dottorato in microbiologia all'università di Glasgow.

1 orientation, guidance, pointing, positioning.

2 direction, bearing.

3 direction finding, positioning.

4 orientation, awareness of your environment.

* * *

► nombre femenino

1 (capacidad) sense of direction

2 (de un edificio) aspect

■ la casa tiene orientación sur the house faces south

3 (dirección) orientation, direction; (tendencia) leanings plural, tendency

4 (guía) guidance, orientation

\

orientación profesional career guidance, vocational guidance

* * *

1) orientation

2) direction

3) guidance

* * *

1) [de casa] aspect; [de habitación] position, orientation; (=dirección) direction

2) (=guía) guidance, orientation

3) (Dep) orienteering

* * *

1) (de habitación, edificio) aspect (frml)

2) (enfoque, dirección) orientation

3) ( guía) guidance, direction; ( acción de guiar) orientation

- orientación profesional or vocacional

4) ( en un lugar) bearings (pl)

* * *

= orientation, slant, advice, outlook, orienteering, wayfinding, bearing, targeting, centredness, bent of mind.

Ex. A summary at the end of a document is intended to complete the orientation of the reader, and to identify the significant ideas for the reader to remember.

Ex. The 7th edition of CC is due to appear in 1971, and Ranganathan has given an extensive preview in an article in Library Science with a slant to documentation, cited at the end of this chapter.

Ex. A large part of the work of information and advice has been the interpretation of people's eligibility for welfare benefits and other social services.

Ex. In their first review article of children's reference books in 1982, the School Library Journal's Review Committe for children's reference books presents a bleak outlook.

Ex. There are certain types of subject matter better suited to the nonbook format for which no subject heading exists, such as kits designed to develop orienteering.

Ex. The author identifies the architectural barriers in library buildings facing disabled users with particular reference to wayfinding and the provision of suitable signage.

Ex. When the real reading starts the mind, as a result of this skim, already has its bearings and so works more effectively.

Ex. An analysis of customers in terms of benefits can inform effective segmentation, which in turn can lead to more efficient targeting of resources.

Ex. The principles of learner centredness and constructivism provided the bases for the design of synchronous activities such as student moderated seminars in this study.

Ex. Only when students have a scientific bent of mind, will a community and a country grow.

----

* cambiar de orientación = reposition [re-position].

* cambio de orientación = paradigm change, paradigm shift.

* centro de orientación = referral centre.

* con una orientación profesional = career-focused.

* con una orientación social = socially-oriented.

* con una orientación temática específica = subject-oriented.

* de orientación = directional.

* desorientación = disorientation.

* orientación académica = educational guidance.

* orientación a la lectura = readers' guidance.

* orientación bibliográfica = bibliographic instruction (BI).

* orientación hacia el hombre = human-centredness [human-centeredness, -USA].

* orientación profesional = careers guidance, vocational guidance, career guidance, career education, career planning, careers education, career information.

* orientación sexual = sexual orientation.

* orientación sobre salidas profesionales = career guidance.

* programa de orientación = orientation programme.

* programa de orientación bibliográfica = bibliographic instruction program(me).

* servicio de orientación = referral service, advisory service.

* servicio de orientación al lector = readers' advisory service point, readers' advisory service.

* * *

1) (de habitación, edificio) aspect (frml)

2) (enfoque, dirección) orientation

3) ( guía) guidance, direction; ( acción de guiar) orientation

- orientación profesional or vocacional

4) ( en un lugar) bearings (pl)

* * *

* * *

A (de una habitación, un edificio) aspect ( frml)

¿cuál es la orientación de la casa? which way does the house face?

la orientación de la antena the way the antenna is pointing

la orientación de las placas solares the way o direction the solar panels are facing

1 (enfoque, dirección) orientation

le dio una orientación práctica al curso he gave the course a practical bias, he oriented o ( BrE) orientated the course along practical lines

la nueva orientación del partido the party's new direction

2 (inclinación) leaning

C (en un lugar) bearings (pl)

perdí la orientación I lost my bearings

sentido² (↑ sentido (2))

1 (guía, consejo) guidance, direction

2 (acción de guiar) orientation

(para colegiales, estudiantes) vocational guidance, careers advice; (para desempleados) career guidance o advice

sexual orientation

discriminar sobre la base de la orientación sexual to discriminate on the basis of sexual orientation

* * *

a) (de habitación, edificio) aspect (frml);

◊ ¿cuál es la orientación de la casa? which way does the house face?;

b) (enfoque, dirección) orientation

c) ( guía) guidance, direction;

◊ orientación profesional ( para estudiantes) vocational guidance, careers advice;

d) ( en un lugar) bearings (pl)

* * *

orientación nf

1. [dirección] [acción] guiding;

sentido de la orientación sense of direction

2. [posicionamiento] [acción] positioning;

una casa con orientación al oeste a house that faces west;

hay que ajustar la orientación del sensor the position o angle of the sensor needs adjusting;

¿cuál tiene que ser la orientación de la antena? which way should the aerial be pointing?

3. [enfoque] orientation;

le dieron una orientación práctica al curso the course had a practical bias o slant

4. [información] guidance, advice;

algunas orientaciones some guidance

orientación profesional careers advice o guidance, career counselling;

5. [tendencia] tendency, leaning;

un partido con una orientación liberal a party with liberal leanings o tendencies

6. [deporte de aventura] orienteering

* * *

1 orientation

2 ( ayuda) guidance

sentido de la orientación sense of direction

* * *

orientación nf, pl - ciones

1) : orientation

2) dirección: direction, course

3) guía: guidance, direction

* * *

orientación n aspect

instruction [ɛ̃stʀyksjɔ̃]

1. feminine noun

   a. ( = éducation) education

• l'instruction que j'ai reçue the education I received

• niveau d'instruction academic standard

• instruction civique civics sg

• instruction religieuse religious education

   b. (Law) pretrial investigation of a case

• ouvrir une instruction to initiate an investigation into a crime

   c. ( = directive) directive

   d. (Computing) instruction

2. plural feminine noun

instructions ( = directives, mode d'emploi) instructions

• conformément à vos instructions in accordance with your instructions

* * *

1) ( formation) education [U]; Armée training

2) ( connaissances) education [U]

3) ( circulaire) directive

4) Droit preparation of a case for eventual judgment

instructions nom féminin pluriel ( directives) instructions

- instruction civique

- instruction religieuse

* * *

1. nf

1) (= enseignement) education

2) (= savoir) education

3) DROIT preliminary investigation and hearing

4) (= directive) instruction

5) ADMINISTRATION (= document) directive

2. instructions nfpl

(= mode d'emploi) directions, instructions

* * *

instruction

A nf

1 ( formation) education ¢; Mil training; l'instruction de la jeunesse the education of the young; instruction des recrues Mil training of recruits;

2 ( connaissances) education ¢; niveau d'instruction insuffisant poor level of education; homme sans instruction uneducated man; manquer d'instruction to be uneducated; avoir de l'instruction to be well-educated;

3 Admin ( circulaire) directive; instruction ministérielle ministerial directive;

4 Jur preparation of a case for eventual judgment;

5 Ordinat ( énoncé) instruction; ( pas de séquence) statement.

B instructions nfpl ( directives) instructions; donner des instructions à ses employés to give instructions to one's employees; instructions de lavage washing instructions.

instruction civique civics (+ v sg); instruction publique Hist state education GB, public education US; instruction religieuse religious instruction.

[ɛ̃stryksjɔ̃] nom féminin

1. (vieilli) [culture] (general) education

2. [formation] education, teaching

a. [généralement] religious education

b. ÉDUCATION religious instruction

3. DROIT preliminary investigation ou inquiry (of a case by an examining magistrate)

4. INFORMATIQUE instruction, statement

5. [ordre] instruction

6. ADMINISTRATION [circulaire] directive

————————

instructions nom féminin pluriel

[d'un fabricant] instructions, directions

instructions de montage instructions ou directions for assembly

f UNIV. specialist college (with university level courses), university of applied sciences

* * *

* * *

f ≈ technical college of higher education

* * *

* * *

Fachhochschule f UNIV specialist college (with university level courses), university of applied sciences

* * *

* * *

Technical school n.

professional.

1 professional, career man, pro.

2 career woman.

* * *

► adjetivo

1 (gen) professional

■ es futbolista profesional he's a professional footballer

► nombre masulino o femenino

1 professional

■ en este barrio viven mayormente profesionales mostly professional people live in this neighbourhood

■ trabaja el cuero de maravilla, es todo un profesional he does wonders with leather, he's a real professional

■ los profesionales de la enseñanza están en huelga the teachers are on strike

* * *

* * *

ADJ professional

SMF professional

* * *

adjetivo <fotógrafo/deportista> professional

masculino y femenino

a) ( no aficionado) professional

b) ( de las profesiones liberales) professional

* * *

adjetivo <fotógrafo/deportista> professional

masculino y femenino

a) ( no aficionado) professional

b) ( de las profesiones liberales) professional

* * *

profesional¹

¹ = practitioner, professional, pro.

Nota: Abreviatura de professional.

profesional²

² = occupational, professional, vocational, workmanlike.

* * *

‹fotógrafo/jugador› professional

influye en su vida profesional it is affecting her work o her professional life

1 (no amateur) professional

un gran profesional a true professional

un profesional del crimen a professional criminal

2 (de las profesiones liberales) professional

* * *

* * *

♦ adj

1. [de la profesión] professional

2. [eficaz] professional;

es un albañil muy profesional he's a very professional bricklayer

3. [deportista] professional

♦ nmf

1. [trabajador liberal] professional

2. [deportista] professional

3. [practicante de actividad] professional;

un profesional del crimen a professional criminal;

un profesional del pesimismo a professional pessimist

* * *

I adj professional

II m/f professional

* * *

profesional adj & nmf

: professional

♦ profesionalmente adv

* * *

profesional adj n professional

general ['dʒenərəl]

1 adjective

(a) (common) général;

∎ as a general rule en règle générale, en général;

∎ in general terms en termes généraux;

∎ in the general interest dans l'intérêt de tous;

∎ the general feeling was that he should have won le sentiment général était qu'il aurait dû gagner;

∎ there was a general movement to leave the room la plupart des gens se sont levés pour sortir

(b) (approximate) général;

∎ a general resemblance une vague ressemblance;

∎ to go in the general direction of sth se diriger plus ou moins vers qch;

∎ their house is over in that general direction leur maison se trouve vers là-bas

(c) (widespread) général, répandu;

∎ a general opinion une opinion générale ou répandue;

∎ to be in general use être d'usage courant ou répandu;

∎ to come into general use se généraliser;

∎ this word is no longer in general use ce mot est tombé en désuétude;

∎ there is general agreement on the matter il y a consensus sur la question;

∎ this kind of attitude is fairly general in Europe ce genre d'attitude est assez répandu en Europe;

∎ the rain has been pretty general il a plu un peu partout

(d) (overall → outline, plan, impression) d'ensemble;

∎ the general effect is quite pleasing le résultat général est assez agréable;

∎ I get the general idea je vois en gros;

∎ he gave her a general idea or outline of his work il lui a décrit son travail dans les grandes lignes;

∎ the general tone of her remarks was that… ce qui ressortait de ses remarques c'est que…;

∎ he made himself a general nuisance il a été embêtant à tout point de vue

(e) (ordinary)

∎ this book is for the general reader ce livre est destiné au lecteur moyen;

∎ the general public le grand public

2 noun

(a) (in reasoning)

∎ to go from the general to the particular aller du général au particulier

(b) Military général m

(c) (domestic servant) bonne f à tout faire

3 in general adverb

en général

►► Banking general account manager chargé(e) m,f de clientèle grand public;

general accounts comptabilité f générale;

American General Accounting Office = Cour des comptes américaine;

Finance & Commerce general and administrative expenses frais mpl généraux et frais de gestion;

Commerce general agent agent m d'affaires;

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade accord m général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce;

Medicine general anaesthetic anesthésie f générale;

General Assembly assemblée f générale;

Australian Cinema general (audience) = tous publics;

Insurance general average avarie f commune;

Commerce general business (on agenda) questions fpl diverses;

formerly School General Certificate of Education = certificat de fin d'études secondaires en deux étapes (O level et A level) dont la première est aujourd'hui remplacée par le GCSE;

School General Certificate of Secondary Education = premier examen de fin de scolarité en Grande-Bretagne; see also GCSE ;

American general dealer bazar m;

University general degree = licence comportant plusieurs matières;

American general delivery poste f restante;

general election élections fpl législatives;

British General Electric Company = société britannique fabriquant des produits électriques, électroniques et de télécommunications;

American School general equivalency diploma = aux États-Unis, diplôme d'études secondaires pour adultes souvent obtenu par correspondance;

Accountancy & Finance general expenses frais mpl généraux;

general headquarters (grand) quartier m général;

general hospital centre m hospitalier;

general knowledge culture f générale;

Accountancy general ledger grand-livre m;

Law general lien privilège m général;

general management committee comité m de direction;

general manager directeur(trice) m,f général(e);

British General Medical Council ≃ conseil m de l'ordre des médecins;

general meeting assemblée f générale;

British General, Municipal, Boilermakers and Allied Trades Union = important syndicat britannique;

British General and Municipal Workers' Union = syndicat britannique des employés des collectivités locales;

British School General National Vocational Qualification = formation professionnelle sur deux ans que l'on peut suivre à partir de seize ans;

Finance general obligation bond emprunt m de collectivité locale;

general officer général m en chef; Accountancy &

Finance British general overheads, American general overhead frais mpl d'administration générale;

General Post Office (in Britain) = titre officiel de la Poste britannique avant 1969; (in US) = les services postaux américains;

general practice médecine f générale;

general practitioner médecin m généraliste, omnipraticien(enne) m,f;

Finance general price level niveau m général des prix;

general secretary (of trade union, political party) secrétaire mf général(e);

general staff état-major m;

general store bazar m;

general strike grève f générale;

the General Strike = la grève de mai 1926 en Grande-Bretagne, lancée par les syndicats par solidarité avec les mineurs;

School General Studies ≃ cours m de culture générale;

General Synod = le Synode général de l'Église anglicane;

Finance general wage level niveau m général des salaires

* * *

Gen.pl. -ół

1. ( instytucja) school; szkoła podstawowa US elementary school; Br. primary school; szkoła średnia l. ponadpodstawowa US high school; Br. secondary school; szkoła pomaturalna college of further education, further education college; szkoła policealna post-secondary school; ( zawodowa) vocational college; szkoła wyższa tertiary-level school; szkoła integracyjna integration school ( both for normally developing and special needs children); szkoła specjalna special school; szkoła społeczna community school; szkoła korespondencyjna correspondence school; distance learning center; Br. distance learning centre; szkoła wieczorowa night school, evening school; szkoła zawodowa vocational school; szkoła zbiorcza consolidation school; szkoła morska naval college; szkoła oficerska Military College; szkoła przetrwania survival school; chodzić do szkoły go to school.

2. ( budynek) school, school building.

3. ( uczniowie i nauczyciele) school; cała szkoła pojechała na wycieczkę the whole school went on a trip.

4. (= doświadczenie, wiedza) schooling, training; być po dobrej szkole be well-trained; szkoła życia school of life; dać komuś szkołę pot. teach sb a lesson; zostać po szkole (np. by się pouczyć) stay after school; zaraz po szkole poszedł do pracy he went to work straight after school.

5. (= metoda) school; szkoła Arystotelesa/flamandzka Aristotelian/Flemish school.

6. muz. (= podręcznik) manual, handbook.

1 education, educational level.

2 learned studies of subject.

* * *

► nombre masculino plural

1 (conocimientos) studies, education sing

* * *

(n.) = academic background, course of study, educational career

Ex. He is thus in danger of losing touch with its traditional constituency (upward-mobile students) whose academic and socioeconomic backgrounds would have previously indicated nearly automatic attendance.

Ex. The notion that a course of study, whether academic or vocational/technical, prepares a person for a lifetime career is outdated and dangerous.

Ex. Adults who have chosen to interrupt their educational careers often face the problem of rusty academic skills.

* * *

a shortfall in the number of workers with the skills needed to fill the jobs currently available. A skills shortage may be caused by a lack of education and vocational training, or by wider social and economic factors such as new technological developments. A skills shortage may affect a region, an industry, or a whole country. Skills shortages of this type need to be addressed at national level through effective manpower planning and the development of strategies for adult education and vocational training. An organization may suffer from a skills shortage as a result of poor recruitment and employee retention policies, or through inadequate provision of training and employee development opportunities.