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81 О-165
HE ОТРЫВАЯСЬ смотреть, глядеть на кого-что, следить за кем-чем ( Verbal Adv Invar adv(to look at s.o. or sth.) intently, constantly, without looking awayX не отрываясь смотрел на Y-a - X kept (was) staring at YX fixed his eyes (had his eyes fixed) on Y X did not take his eyes off Y....Борисов хлопнул (гипсовый бюст) Сталина по голове и затряс рукой от боли, но тут же выражение боли на его лице сменилось выражением смертельного страха... Он раскрыл рот и смотрел на Голубева не отрываясь, словно загипнотизированный. А тот и сам до смерти перепугался (Войнович 2)....Borisov whacked (the plaster bust of) Stalin on the head, then shook his hand in pain. Instantly, the expression of pain on his face changed into one of mortal fear....He opened his mouth and stared at Golubev as if hypnotized. Golubev, meanwhile, was scared to death himself (2a). -
82 У-185
НАВОСТРИТЬ (НАСТОРОЖИТЬ) УШИ (СЛУХ) о?// VP usu. this WO1. ( subj: animalusu. pastor Verbal Adv) ( usu. of a dog or horse) to become very alert, raise the ears so as to listen intently (upon hearing some sound)X навострил уши - X pricked up his earsX cocked his ears.2. (subj: humanusu. past) to prepare to listen or to begin listening with intense attention and interestX навострил уши = X pricked up his earsX cocked his ears (in limited contexts) X was all ears.Всё время обеда Анна Михайловна говорила о слухах войны, о Николушке... Наташа, из всего семейства более всех одарённая способностью чувствовать оттенки интонаций, взглядов и выражений лиц, с начала обеда насторожила уши и знала, что что-нибудь есть между ее отцом и Анной Михайловной и что-нибудь касающееся брата и что Анна Михайловна приготавливает (Толстой 4). All during dinner Anna Mikhailovna talked of rumors concerning the war and of Niko-lushka.... Natasha, who of all the family was the most gifted with the faculty of catching the subtleties of an intonation, a glance, or the expression of a face, pricked up her ears at the beginning of dinner and felt that there was some secret between her father and Anna Mikhailovna, that it had something to do with her brother, and that Anna Mikhailovna was preparing them for it (4a)Ребенок, навострив уши и глаза, страстно впивался в рассказ (Гончаров 1). The child, all eyes and ears, listened to the story with passionate absorption (1b). -
83 не отрываясь
• НЕ ОТРЫВАЯСЬ смотреть, глядеть на кого-что, следить за кем-чем[Verbal Adv; Invar; adv]=====⇒ (to look at s.o. or sth.) intently, constantly, without looking away:- X did not take his eyes off Y.♦...Борисов хлопнул [гипсовый бюст] Сталина по голове и затряс рукой от боли, но тут же выражение боли на его лице сменилось выражением смертельного страха... Он раскрыл рот и смотрел на Голубева не отрываясь, словно загипнотизированный. А тот и сам до смерти перепугался (Войнович 2)....Borisov whacked [the plaster bust of] Stalin on the head, then shook his hand in pain. Instantly, the expression of pain on his face changed into one of mortal fear....He opened his mouth and stared at Golubev as if hypnotized. Golubev, meanwhile, was scared to death himself (2a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > не отрываясь
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84 навострить слух
• НАВОСТРИТЬ < НАСТОРОЖИТЬ> УШИ < СЛУХ> coll[VP; usu. this WO]=====1. [subj: animal; usu. pastor Verbal Adv]⇒ (usu. of a dog or horse) to become very alert, raise the ears so as to listen intently (upon hearing some sound):- X cocked his ears.2. [subj: human; usu. past]⇒ to prepare to listen or to begin listening with intense attention and interest:- [in limited contexts] X was all ears.♦ Всё время обеда Анна Михайловна говорила о слухах войны, о Николушке... Наташа, из всего семейства более всех одарённая способностью чувствовать оттенки интонаций, взглядов и выражений лиц, с начала обеда насторожила уши и знала, что что-нибудь есть между ее отцом и Анной Михайловной и что-нибудь касающееся брата и что Анна Михайловна приготавливает (Толстой 4). All during dinner Anna Mikhailovna talked of rumors concerning the war and of Nikolushka.... Natasha, who of all the family was the most gifted with the faculty of catching the subtleties of an intonation, a glance, or the expression of a face, pricked up her ears at the beginning of dinner and felt that there was some secret between her father and Anna Mikhailovna, that it had something to do with her brother, and that Anna Mikhailovna was preparing them for it (4a)♦ Ребенок, навострив уши и глаза, страстно впивался в рассказ (Гончаров 1). The child, all eyes and ears, listened to the story with passionate absorption (1b).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > навострить слух
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85 навострить уши
• НАВОСТРИТЬ < НАСТОРОЖИТЬ> УШИ < СЛУХ> coll[VP; usu. this WO]=====1. [subj: animal; usu. pastor Verbal Adv]⇒ (usu. of a dog or horse) to become very alert, raise the ears so as to listen intently (upon hearing some sound):- X cocked his ears.2. [subj: human; usu. past]⇒ to prepare to listen or to begin listening with intense attention and interest:- [in limited contexts] X was all ears.♦ Всё время обеда Анна Михайловна говорила о слухах войны, о Николушке... Наташа, из всего семейства более всех одарённая способностью чувствовать оттенки интонаций, взглядов и выражений лиц, с начала обеда насторожила уши и знала, что что-нибудь есть между ее отцом и Анной Михайловной и что-нибудь касающееся брата и что Анна Михайловна приготавливает (Толстой 4). All during dinner Anna Mikhailovna talked of rumors concerning the war and of Nikolushka.... Natasha, who of all the family was the most gifted with the faculty of catching the subtleties of an intonation, a glance, or the expression of a face, pricked up her ears at the beginning of dinner and felt that there was some secret between her father and Anna Mikhailovna, that it had something to do with her brother, and that Anna Mikhailovna was preparing them for it (4a)♦ Ребенок, навострив уши и глаза, страстно впивался в рассказ (Гончаров 1). The child, all eyes and ears, listened to the story with passionate absorption (1b).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > навострить уши
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86 насторожить слух
• НАВОСТРИТЬ < НАСТОРОЖИТЬ> УШИ < СЛУХ> coll[VP; usu. this WO]=====1. [subj: animal; usu. pastor Verbal Adv]⇒ (usu. of a dog or horse) to become very alert, raise the ears so as to listen intently (upon hearing some sound):- X cocked his ears.2. [subj: human; usu. past]⇒ to prepare to listen or to begin listening with intense attention and interest:- [in limited contexts] X was all ears.♦ Всё время обеда Анна Михайловна говорила о слухах войны, о Николушке... Наташа, из всего семейства более всех одарённая способностью чувствовать оттенки интонаций, взглядов и выражений лиц, с начала обеда насторожила уши и знала, что что-нибудь есть между ее отцом и Анной Михайловной и что-нибудь касающееся брата и что Анна Михайловна приготавливает (Толстой 4). All during dinner Anna Mikhailovna talked of rumors concerning the war and of Nikolushka.... Natasha, who of all the family was the most gifted with the faculty of catching the subtleties of an intonation, a glance, or the expression of a face, pricked up her ears at the beginning of dinner and felt that there was some secret between her father and Anna Mikhailovna, that it had something to do with her brother, and that Anna Mikhailovna was preparing them for it (4a)♦ Ребенок, навострив уши и глаза, страстно впивался в рассказ (Гончаров 1). The child, all eyes and ears, listened to the story with passionate absorption (1b).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > насторожить слух
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87 насторожить уши
• НАВОСТРИТЬ < НАСТОРОЖИТЬ> УШИ < СЛУХ> coll[VP; usu. this WO]=====1. [subj: animal; usu. pastor Verbal Adv]⇒ (usu. of a dog or horse) to become very alert, raise the ears so as to listen intently (upon hearing some sound):- X cocked his ears.2. [subj: human; usu. past]⇒ to prepare to listen or to begin listening with intense attention and interest:- [in limited contexts] X was all ears.♦ Всё время обеда Анна Михайловна говорила о слухах войны, о Николушке... Наташа, из всего семейства более всех одарённая способностью чувствовать оттенки интонаций, взглядов и выражений лиц, с начала обеда насторожила уши и знала, что что-нибудь есть между ее отцом и Анной Михайловной и что-нибудь касающееся брата и что Анна Михайловна приготавливает (Толстой 4). All during dinner Anna Mikhailovna talked of rumors concerning the war and of Nikolushka.... Natasha, who of all the family was the most gifted with the faculty of catching the subtleties of an intonation, a glance, or the expression of a face, pricked up her ears at the beginning of dinner and felt that there was some secret between her father and Anna Mikhailovna, that it had something to do with her brother, and that Anna Mikhailovna was preparing them for it (4a)♦ Ребенок, навострив уши и глаза, страстно впивался в рассказ (Гончаров 1). The child, all eyes and ears, listened to the story with passionate absorption (1b).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > насторожить уши
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88 BE
'bi: ɡi:( abbreviation) (Bachelor of Engineering; first degree in Engineering.) licenciatura en Ingenieríabe vb1. serwhat time is it? It's 3 o'clock ¿qué hora es? Son las treswho is it? It's me ¿quién es? Soy yo2. estarhow are you? I'm fine ¿cómo estás? estoy bienwhere is Pauline? ¿dónde está Pauline?how far is it? ¿a qué distancia está?what day is it today? ¿qué día es hoy? / ¿a qué día estamos?3. tenerhow old are you? I'm 16 ¿cuántos años tienes? tengo 16 años4. costar / valer / serhow much is it? ¿cuánto cuesta? / ¿cuánto vale? / ¿cuánto es?the tickets are £15 each las entradas valen 15 libras cada una5. hacer6. haberhow many children are there? ¿cuántos niños hay?Se usa también para construir el tiempo verbal llamado present continuous que indica una acción que está pasando en estos momentoswhat are you doing? ¿qué estás haciendo? / ¿qué haces?look, it's snowing mira, está nevando
be sustantivo femenino: name of the letter b, often called be largaor grande to distinguish it from v 'be' also found in these entries: Spanish: A - abasto - abate - abismo - abotargarse - abreviar - abrirse - absoluta - absoluto - abultar - abundar - aburrir - aburrirse - acabose - acariciar - acaso - acertar - achantarse - acometer - acostada - acostado - acostumbrar - acostumbrada - acostumbrado - acreditar - activa - activo - adelantar - adelantarse - adentro - adivinarse - admirarse - adolecer - aferrarse - afianzarse - aficionada - aficionado - afligirse - agonizar - agotarse - agradecer - agua - ahogarse - ahora - aire - ajo - ala - alarmarse - alcanzar - alegrarse English: aback - abate - about - absent - accordance - account for - accountable - accustom - acquaint - action - addicted - address - adequate - adjust - admit - affiliated - afford - afraid - agenda - agree - agreement - ahead - air - airsick - alert - alive - alone - along - aloof - alphabetically - always - am - ambition - amenable - amusing - anathema - annoyance - anomaly - anxious - apologetic - appal - appall - are - arm - around - arrears - as - ashamed - aspire - assertbetr[biː]intransitive verb (pres 1ª pers am, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl are, 3ª pers sing is; pt 1ª y 3ª pers sing was, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl; pp been)2 (essential quality) ser3 (nationality) ser4 (occupation) ser5 (origin) ser6 (ownership) ser7 (authorship) ser8 (composition) ser9 (use) ser10 (location) estar11 (temporary state) estar■ how are you? ¿cómo estás?12 (age) tener13 (price) costar, valer■ a single ticket is £9.50 un billete de ida cuesta £9.5014 tener■ he's hot/cold tiene calor/frío■ we're hungry/thirsty tenemos hambre/sed1 (passive) ser■ she was arrested at the border fue detenida en la frontera, la detuvieron en la frontera■ he's hated by everybody es odiado por todos, todos lo odian■ he was discharged fue dado de alta, lo dieron de alta■ the house has been sold la casa ha sido vendida, la casa se ha vendido, han vendido la casa■ thirty children were injured treinta niños fueron heridos, treinta niños resultaron heridos■ the two areas of the town are divided by a wall las dos zonas de la ciudad están divididas por un muro1 (obligation) deber, tener que1 (future)phrase there is / there are1 hay■ is there much traffic ¿hay mucho tráfico?1 había■ were there many people? ¿había mucha gente?1 habrá1 habría■ if Mike came, there would be ten of us si viniera Mike, seríamos diez\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto be about to «+ inf» estar para + inf, estar a punto de + infto be or not to be ser o no serbe ['bi:] v, was ['wəz, 'wɑz] ; were ['wər] ; been ['bɪn] ; being ; am ['æm] ; is ['ɪz] ; are ['ɑr] viJosé is a doctor: José es doctorI'm Ana's sister: soy la hermana de Anathe tree is tall: el árbol es altoyou're silly!: ¡eres tonto!she's from Managua: es de Managuait's mine: es míomy mother is at home: mi madre está en casathe cups are on the table: las tazas están en la mesato be or not to be: ser, o no serI think, therefore I am: pienso, luego existohow are you?: ¿cómo estás?I'm cold: tengo fríoshe's 10 years old: tiene 10 añosthey're both sick: están enfermos los dosbe v impersit's eight o'clock: son las ochoit's Friday: hoy es viernesit's sunny: hace solit's very dark outside: está bien oscuro afuerabe v auxwhat are you doing? -I'm working: ¿qué haces? -estoy trabajandoit was finished yesterday: fue acabado ayer, se acabó ayerit was cooked in the oven: se cocinó en el hornocan she be trusted?: ¿se puede confiar en ella?you are to stay here: debes quedarte aquíhe was to come yesterday: se esperaba que viniese ayerbev.(§ p.,p.p.: was, were, been) = estar v.(§pres: estoy, estás...) pret: estuv-•)• ser v.(§pres: soy, eres, es, somos, sois, son) subj: se-imp: er-fu-•)biːˌ weak form bi
1.
2)a) (followed by an adjective)she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente
he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso
he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego
have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!
the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?
she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo
Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero
to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien
3)a) (followed by a noun) ser*who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?
it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel
if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría
b) ( play the role of) hacer* de4)how are you? — ¿cómo estás?
I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor
she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada
I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño
b) ( talking about age) tener*how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?
he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor
c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor
they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una
how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?
5)a) (exist, live)I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien
b) ( in expressions of time)don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)
I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy
how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?
c) ( take place) ser*6) (be situated, present) estar*where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?
where are you? — ¿dónde estás?
what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?
who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?
how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?
7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?
2.
v impers1)a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor
it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!
I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...
b) ( in expressions of time) ser*hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)
c) ( talking about distance) estar*it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí
2)a) (introducing person, object) ser*it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo
b) (in conditional use) ser*if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado
3.
v aux1) to be -inga) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + gerwhat was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?
she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...
how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?
b) ( with future reference)he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana
when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?
2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903
she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...
it is known that... — se sabe que...
3) to be to + infa) ( with future reference)if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...
b) ( expressing possibility)what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?
c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inftell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí
am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?
4) ( in hypotheses)what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?
5)she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?
so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas
are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)
she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no
I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?
N ABBR(Econ) = bill of exchange L/C* * *[biːˌ] weak form [bi]
1.
2)a) (followed by an adjective)she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente
he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso
he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego
have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!
the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?
she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo
Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero
to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien
3)a) (followed by a noun) ser*who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?
it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel
if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría
b) ( play the role of) hacer* de4)how are you? — ¿cómo estás?
I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor
she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada
I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño
b) ( talking about age) tener*how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?
he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor
c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor
they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una
how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?
5)a) (exist, live)I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien
b) ( in expressions of time)don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)
I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy
how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?
c) ( take place) ser*6) (be situated, present) estar*where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?
where are you? — ¿dónde estás?
what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?
who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?
how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?
7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?
2.
v impers1)a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor
it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!
I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...
b) ( in expressions of time) ser*hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)
c) ( talking about distance) estar*it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí
2)a) (introducing person, object) ser*it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo
b) (in conditional use) ser*if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado
3.
v aux1) to be -inga) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + gerwhat was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?
she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...
how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?
b) ( with future reference)he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana
when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?
2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903
she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...
it is known that... — se sabe que...
3) to be to + infa) ( with future reference)if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...
b) ( expressing possibility)what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?
c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inftell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí
am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?
4) ( in hypotheses)what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?
5)she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?
so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas
are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)
she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no
I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?
-
89 be
'bi: ɡi:( abbreviation) (Bachelor of Engineering; first degree in Engineering.) licenciatura en Ingenieríabe vb1. serwhat time is it? It's 3 o'clock ¿qué hora es? Son las treswho is it? It's me ¿quién es? Soy yo2. estarhow are you? I'm fine ¿cómo estás? estoy bienwhere is Pauline? ¿dónde está Pauline?how far is it? ¿a qué distancia está?what day is it today? ¿qué día es hoy? / ¿a qué día estamos?3. tenerhow old are you? I'm 16 ¿cuántos años tienes? tengo 16 años4. costar / valer / serhow much is it? ¿cuánto cuesta? / ¿cuánto vale? / ¿cuánto es?the tickets are £15 each las entradas valen 15 libras cada una5. hacer6. haberhow many children are there? ¿cuántos niños hay?Se usa también para construir el tiempo verbal llamado present continuous que indica una acción que está pasando en estos momentoswhat are you doing? ¿qué estás haciendo? / ¿qué haces?look, it's snowing mira, está nevando
be sustantivo femenino: name of the letter b, often called be largaor grande to distinguish it from v 'be' also found in these entries: Spanish: A - abasto - abate - abismo - abotargarse - abreviar - abrirse - absoluta - absoluto - abultar - abundar - aburrir - aburrirse - acabose - acariciar - acaso - acertar - achantarse - acometer - acostada - acostado - acostumbrar - acostumbrada - acostumbrado - acreditar - activa - activo - adelantar - adelantarse - adentro - adivinarse - admirarse - adolecer - aferrarse - afianzarse - aficionada - aficionado - afligirse - agonizar - agotarse - agradecer - agua - ahogarse - ahora - aire - ajo - ala - alarmarse - alcanzar - alegrarse English: aback - abate - about - absent - accordance - account for - accountable - accustom - acquaint - action - addicted - address - adequate - adjust - admit - affiliated - afford - afraid - agenda - agree - agreement - ahead - air - airsick - alert - alive - alone - along - aloof - alphabetically - always - am - ambition - amenable - amusing - anathema - annoyance - anomaly - anxious - apologetic - appal - appall - are - arm - around - arrears - as - ashamed - aspire - assertbetr[biː]intransitive verb (pres 1ª pers am, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl are, 3ª pers sing is; pt 1ª y 3ª pers sing was, 2ª pers sing y todas del pl; pp been)2 (essential quality) ser3 (nationality) ser4 (occupation) ser5 (origin) ser6 (ownership) ser7 (authorship) ser8 (composition) ser9 (use) ser10 (location) estar11 (temporary state) estar■ how are you? ¿cómo estás?12 (age) tener13 (price) costar, valer■ a single ticket is £9.50 un billete de ida cuesta £9.5014 tener■ he's hot/cold tiene calor/frío■ we're hungry/thirsty tenemos hambre/sed1 (passive) ser■ she was arrested at the border fue detenida en la frontera, la detuvieron en la frontera■ he's hated by everybody es odiado por todos, todos lo odian■ he was discharged fue dado de alta, lo dieron de alta■ the house has been sold la casa ha sido vendida, la casa se ha vendido, han vendido la casa■ thirty children were injured treinta niños fueron heridos, treinta niños resultaron heridos■ the two areas of the town are divided by a wall las dos zonas de la ciudad están divididas por un muro1 (obligation) deber, tener que1 (future)phrase there is / there are1 hay■ is there much traffic ¿hay mucho tráfico?1 había■ were there many people? ¿había mucha gente?1 habrá1 habría■ if Mike came, there would be ten of us si viniera Mike, seríamos diez\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto be about to «+ inf» estar para + inf, estar a punto de + infto be or not to be ser o no serbe ['bi:] v, was ['wəz, 'wɑz] ; were ['wər] ; been ['bɪn] ; being ; am ['æm] ; is ['ɪz] ; are ['ɑr] viJosé is a doctor: José es doctorI'm Ana's sister: soy la hermana de Anathe tree is tall: el árbol es altoyou're silly!: ¡eres tonto!she's from Managua: es de Managuait's mine: es míomy mother is at home: mi madre está en casathe cups are on the table: las tazas están en la mesato be or not to be: ser, o no serI think, therefore I am: pienso, luego existohow are you?: ¿cómo estás?I'm cold: tengo fríoshe's 10 years old: tiene 10 añosthey're both sick: están enfermos los dosbe v impersit's eight o'clock: son las ochoit's Friday: hoy es viernesit's sunny: hace solit's very dark outside: está bien oscuro afuerabe v auxwhat are you doing? -I'm working: ¿qué haces? -estoy trabajandoit was finished yesterday: fue acabado ayer, se acabó ayerit was cooked in the oven: se cocinó en el hornocan she be trusted?: ¿se puede confiar en ella?you are to stay here: debes quedarte aquíhe was to come yesterday: se esperaba que viniese ayerbev.(§ p.,p.p.: was, were, been) = estar v.(§pres: estoy, estás...) pret: estuv-•)• ser v.(§pres: soy, eres, es, somos, sois, son) subj: se-imp: er-fu-•)biːˌ weak form bi
1.
2)a) (followed by an adjective)she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente
he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso
he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego
have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!
the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?
she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo
Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero
to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien
3)a) (followed by a noun) ser*who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?
it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel
if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría
b) ( play the role of) hacer* de4)how are you? — ¿cómo estás?
I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor
she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada
I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño
b) ( talking about age) tener*how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?
he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor
c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor
they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una
how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?
5)a) (exist, live)I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien
b) ( in expressions of time)don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)
I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy
how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?
c) ( take place) ser*6) (be situated, present) estar*where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?
where are you? — ¿dónde estás?
what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?
who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?
how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?
7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?
2.
v impers1)a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor
it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!
I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...
b) ( in expressions of time) ser*hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)
c) ( talking about distance) estar*it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí
2)a) (introducing person, object) ser*it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo
b) (in conditional use) ser*if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado
3.
v aux1) to be -inga) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + gerwhat was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?
she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...
how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?
b) ( with future reference)he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana
when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?
2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903
she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...
it is known that... — se sabe que...
3) to be to + infa) ( with future reference)if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...
b) ( expressing possibility)what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?
c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inftell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí
am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?
4) ( in hypotheses)what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?
5)she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?
so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas
are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)
she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no
[biː] (present am, is or are pt was or were pp been)I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?
1. INTRANSITIVE VERB1) (linking nouns, noun phrases, pronouns) serit's me! — ¡soy yo!
who wants to be Hamlet? — ¿quién quiere hacer de or ser Hamlet?
if I were you... — yo en tu lugar..., yo que tú... *
2) (possession) serUse [estar] with past participles used as adjectives describing the results of an action or process:it's round/enormous — es redondo/enorme
4) (changeable or temporary state) estarshe's bored/ill — está aburrida/enferma
how are you? — ¿cómo estás?, ¿qué tal estás?
how are you now? — ¿qué tal te encuentras ahora?
In certain expressions where English uses [be] + adjective to describe feelings ([be cold]/[hot]/[hungry]/[thirsty]), Spanish uses [tener] with a noun:I'm very well, thanks — estoy muy bien, gracias
I'm cold/hot — tengo frío/calor
I'm hungry/thirsty — tengo hambre/sed
afraid, sleepy, rightbe good! — ¡pórtate bien!
5) (age)"how old is she?" - "she's nine" — -¿cuántos años tiene? -tiene nueve años
6) (=take place) ser7) (=be situated) estarit's on the table — está sobre or en la mesa
where is the Town Hall? — ¿dónde está or queda el ayuntamiento?
it's 5 km to the village — el pueblo está or queda a 5 kilómetros
we've been here for ages — hace mucho tiempo que estamos aquí, llevamos aquí mucho tiempo, estamos aquí desde hace mucho tiempo
•
here you are(, take it) — aquí tienes(, tómalo)•
there's the church — ahí está la iglesiaa) (referring to weather) hacerit's hot/cold — hace calor/frío
b) (referring to time, date etc) serwake up, it's morning — despierta, es de día
what's the date (today)? — ¿qué fecha es hoy?
But note the following alternatives with [estar]:it's 3 May or the 3rd of May — es 3 de mayo
it's 3 May or the 3rd of May — estamos a 3 de mayo
c) (asking and giving opinion) seris it certain that...? — ¿es verdad or cierto que...?
is it fair that she should be punished while...? — ¿es justo que se la castigue mientras que...?
it is possible that he'll come — es posible que venga, puede (ser) que venga
it is unbelievable that... — es increíble que...
it's not clear whether... — no está claro si...
d) (emphatic) serwhy is it that she's so successful? — ¿cómo es que tiene tanto éxito?, ¿por qué tiene tanto éxito?
it was then that... — fue entonces cuando...
9) (=exist) haberthere is/are — hay
what is (there) in that room? — ¿qué hay en esa habitación?
is there anyone at home? — ¿hay alguien en casa?
there being no alternative solution... — al no haber or no habiendo otra solución...
let there be light! — ¡hágase la luz!
See:THERE IS, THERE ARE in there10) (=cost)how much was it? — ¿cuánto costó?
the book is £20 — el libro vale or cuesta 20 libras
how much is it? — ¿cuánto es?; (when paying) ¿qué le debo? frm
11) (=visit)has the postman been? — ¿ha venido el cartero?
have you ever been to Glasgow? — ¿has estado en Glasgow alguna vez?
12) (in noun compounds) futuro•
my wife to be — mi futura esposa•
been and * —you've been and done it now! — ¡buena la has hecho! *
that dog of yours has been and dug up my flowers! — ¡tu perro ha ido y me ha destrozado las flores!
•
you're busy enough as it is — estás bastante ocupado ya con lo que tienes, ya tienes suficiente trabajo•
if it hadn't been for..., if it hadn't been for you or frm had it not been for you, we would have lost — si no hubiera sido por ti or de no haber sido por ti, habríamos perdido•
let me be! — ¡déjame en paz!•
if that's what you want to do, then so be it — si eso es lo que quieres hacer, adelante•
what is it to you? * — ¿a ti qué te importa?2. AUXILIARY VERB1) (forming passive) serThe passive is not used as often in Spanish as in English, active and reflexive constructions often being preferred:it is said that... — dicen que..., se dice que...
she was killed in a car crash — murió en un accidente de coche, resultó muerta en un accidente de coche frm
what's to be done? — ¿qué hay que hacer?
•
it's a film not to be missed — es una película que no hay que perderse•
we searched everywhere for him, but he was nowhere to be seen — lo buscamos por todas partes pero no lo encontramos en ningún sitio2) (forming continuous) estarUse the present simple to talk about planned future events and the construction to talk about intention:what are you doing? — ¿qué estás haciendo?, ¿qué haces?
"it's a pity you aren't coming with us" - "but I am coming!" — -¡qué pena que no vengas con nosotros! -¡sí que voy!
will you be seeing her tomorrow? — ¿la verás or la vas a ver mañana?
will you be needing more? — ¿vas a necesitar más?
The imperfect tense can be used for continuous action in the past: for, sinceI'll be seeing you — hasta luego, nos vemos (esp LAm)
a)"he's going to complain about you" - "oh, is he?" — -va a quejarse de ti -¿ah, sí?
"I'm worried" - "so am I" — -estoy preocupado -yo también
"I'm not ready" - "neither am I" — -no estoy listo -yo tampoco
"you're tired" - "no, I'm not" — -estás cansado -no, ¡qué va!
"you're not eating enough" - "yes I am" — -no comes lo suficiente -que sí
"they're getting married" - "oh, are they?" — (showing surprise) -se casan -¿ah, sí? or -¡no me digas!
"he isn't very happy" - "oh, isn't he?" — -no está muy contento -¿ah, no?
"he's always late, isn't he?" - "yes, he is" — -siempre llega tarde, ¿verdad? -(pues) sí
"is it what you expected?" - "no, it isn't" — -¿es esto lo que esperabas? -(pues) no
"she's pretty" - "no, she isn't" — -es guapa -¡qué va!
he's handsome, isn't he? — es guapo, ¿verdad?, es guapo, ¿no?, es guapo, ¿no es cierto?
it was fun, wasn't it? — fue divertido, ¿verdad?, fue divertido, ¿no?
she wasn't happy, was she? — no era feliz, ¿verdad?
so he's back again, is he? — así que ha vuelto, ¿eh?
you're not ill, are you? — ¿no estarás enfermo?
3. MODAL VERB(with infinitive construction)1) (=must, have to)he's not to open it — no debe abrirlo, que no lo abra
I am to do it — he de hacerlo yo, soy yo el que debe hacerlo
I wasn't to tell you his name — no podía or debía decirte su nombre
2) (=should) deberam I to understand that...? — ¿debo entender que...?
she wrote "My Life", not to be confused with Bernstein's book of the same name — escribió "Mi Vida", que no debe confundirse con la obra de Bernstein que lleva el mismo título
he was to have come yesterday — tenía que or debía haber venido ayer
3) (=will)4) (=can)if it was or were to snow... — si nevase or nevara...
BEif I were to leave the job, would you replace me? — si yo dejara el puesto, ¿me sustituirías?
"Ser" or "estar"?
You can use "ser": ► when defining or identifying by linking two nouns or noun phrases:
Paris is the capital of France París es la capital de Francia
He was the most hated man in the village Era el hombre más odiado del pueblo ► to describe essential or inherent characteristics (e.g. colour, material, nationality, race, shape, size {etc}):
His mother is German Su madre es alemana
She was blonde Era rubia ► with most impersonal expressions not involving past participles:
It is important to be on time Es importante llegar a tiempo
Está claro que is an exception:
It is obvious you don't understand Está claro que no lo entiendes ► when telling the time or talking about time or age:
It is ten o'clock Son las diez
It's very late. Let's go home Es muy tarde. Vamos a casa
He lived in the country when he was young Vivió en el campo cuando era joven ► to indicate possession or duty:
It's mine Es mío
This is your responsibility Este asunto es responsabilidad tuya ► with events in the sense of "take place":
The 1992 Olympic Games were in Barcelona Los Juegos Olímpicos de 1992 fueron en Barcelona
"Where is the exam?" - "It's in Room 1" "¿Dónde es el examen?" - "Es en el Aula Número 1" NOTE: Compare this usage with that of estar (see below) to talk about location of places, objects and people.
You can use "estar": ► to talk about location of places, objects and people:
"Where is Zaragoza?" - "It's in Spain" "¿Dónde está Zaragoza?" - "Está en España"
Your glasses are on the bedside table Tus gafas están en la mesilla de noche NOTE: But use ser with events in the sense of "take place" (see above)}. ► to talk about changeable state, condition or mood:
The teacher is ill La profesora está enferma
The coffee's cold El café está frío
How happy I am! ¡Qué contento estoy! NOTE: Feliz, however, which is seen as more permanent than contento, is used mainly with ser. ► to form progressive tenses:
We're having lunch. Is it ok if I call you later? Estamos comiendo. Te llamaré luego, ¿vale?
Both "ser" and "estar" can be used with past participles ► Use ser in {passive} constructions:
This play was written by Lorca Esta obra fue escrita por Lorca
He was shot dead (by a terrorist group) Fue asesinado a tiros (por un grupo terrorista) NOTE: The passive is not used as often in Spanish as it is in English. ► Use estar with past participles to describe the {results} of a previous action or event:
We threw them away because they were broken Los tiramos a la basura porque estaban rotos
He's dead Está muerto ► Compare the use of ser + ((past participle)) which describes {action} and estar + ((past participle)) which describes {result} in the following:
The window was broken by the firemen La ventana fue rota por los bomberos
The window was broken La ventana estaba rota
It was painted around 1925 Fue pintado hacia 1925
The floor is painted a dark colour El suelo está pintado de color oscuro ► Ser and estar are both used in impersonal expressions with past participles. As above, the use of ser implies {action} while the use of estar implies {result}:
It is understood that the work was never finished Es sabido que el trabajo nunca se llegó a terminar
It is a proven fact that vaccinations save many lives Está demostrado que las vacunas salvan muchas vidas
"Ser" and "estar" with adjectives ► Some adjectives can be used with both ser and estar but the meaning changes completely depending on the verb:
He's clever Es listo
Are you ready? ¿Estás listo?
Chemistry is boring La química es aburrida
I'm bored Estoy aburrido ► Other adjectives can also be used with both verbs but the use of ser describes a {characteristic} while the use of estar implies a {change}:
He's very handsome Es muy guapo
You look great in that dress! Estás muy guapa con ese vestido
He's slim Es delgado
You're (looking) very slim ¡Estás muy delgada! For further uses and examples, see main entry* * *[biːˌ] weak form [bi]
1.
2)a) (followed by an adjective)she's French/intelligent — es francesa/inteligente
he's worried/furious — está preocupado/furioso
he's blind — es or (Esp tb) está ciego
have you never had gazpacho? it's delicious! — ¿nunca has comido gazpacho? es delicioso!
the gazpacho is delicious, did you make it yourself? — el gazpacho está delicioso ¿lo hiciste tú?
she was very rude to me — estuvo or fue muy grosera conmigo
Tony is married/divorced/single — Tony está or (esp AmL) es casado/divorciado/soltero
to be married to somebody — estar* casado con alguien
3)a) (followed by a noun) ser*who was Prime Minister at the time? — ¿quién era Primer Ministro en ese momento?
it's me/Daniel — soy yo/es Daniel
if I were you, I'd stay — yo que tú or yo en tu lugar me quedaría
b) ( play the role of) hacer* de4)how are you? — ¿cómo estás?
I'm much better — estoy or me encuentro mucho mejor
she's pregnant/tired — está embarazada/cansada
I'm cold/hot/hungry/thirsty/sleepy — tengo frío/calor/hambre/sed/sueño
b) ( talking about age) tener*how old are you? — ¿cuántos años tienes?
he's a lot older/younger — es mucho mayor/menor
c) (giving cost, measurement, weight)how much is that? - that'll be $15, please — ¿cuánto es? - (son) 15 dólares, por favor
they are $15 each — cuestan or valen 15 dólares cada una
how tall/heavy is he? — ¿cuánto mide/pesa?
5)a) (exist, live)I think, therefore I am — pienso, luego existo
to let something/somebody be — dejar tranquilo or en paz algo/a alguien
b) ( in expressions of time)don't be too long — no tardes mucho, no (te) demores mucho (esp AmL)
I'm drying my hair, I won't be long — me estoy secando el pelo, enseguida estoy
how long will dinner be? — ¿cuánto falta para la cena?
c) ( take place) ser*6) (be situated, present) estar*where is the library? — ¿dónde está or queda la biblioteca?
where are you? — ¿dónde estás?
what's in that box? — ¿qué hay en esa caja?
who's in the movie? — ¿quién actúa or trabaja en la película?
how long are you in Chicago (for)? — (colloq) ¿cuánto (tiempo) te vas a quedar en Chicago ?
7) (only in perfect tenses) ( visit) estar*have you been to the exhibition yet? — ¿ya has estado en or has ido a la exposición?
2.
v impers1)a) (talking about physical conditions, circumstances)it's sunny/cold/hot — hace sol/frío/calor
it's so noisy/quiet in here! — qué ruido/silencio hay aquí!
I have enough problems as it is, without you... — yo ya tengo suficientes problemas sin que tú encima...
b) ( in expressions of time) ser*hi, Joe, it's been a long time — qué tal, Joe, tanto tiempo (sin verte)
c) ( talking about distance) estar*it's 500 miles from here to Detroit — Detroit queda or está a 500 millas de aquí
2)a) (introducing person, object) ser*it was me who told them — fui yo quien se lo dije or dijo, fui yo el que se lo dije or dijo
b) (in conditional use) ser*if it hadn't been o had it not been for Juan, we would have been killed — si no hubiera sido por Juan or de no ser por Juan, nos habríamos matado
3.
v aux1) to be -inga) ( used to describe action in progress) estar* + gerwhat was I saying? — ¿qué estaba diciendo?
she was leaving when... — se iba cuando...
how long have you been waiting? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) hace que esperas?, ¿cuánto (tiempo) llevas esperando?
b) ( with future reference)he is o will be arriving tomorrow — llega mañana
when are you seeing her? — ¿cuándo la vas a ver or la verás?
2) (in the passive voice) ser* [The passive voice, however, is less common in Spanish than it is in English]it was built in 1903 — fue construido en 1903, se construyó en 1903, lo construyeron en 1903
she was told that... — le dijeron or se le dijo que...
it is known that... — se sabe que...
3) to be to + infa) ( with future reference)if a solution is to be found... — si se quiere encontrar or si se ha de encontrar una solución...
b) ( expressing possibility)what are we to do? — ¿qué podemos hacer?
c) ( expressing obligation) deber* + inf, tener* que + inf, haber* de + inftell her she's to stay here — dile que debe quedarse or tiene que quedarse aquí, dile que se quede aquí
am I to understand that... ? — ¿debo entender que... ?
4) ( in hypotheses)what would happen if she were o was to die? — ¿qué pasaría si ella muriera?
5)she's right, isn't she? — tiene razón, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?
so that's what you think, is it? — de manera que eso es lo que piensas
are you disappointed? - yes, I am/no, I'm not — ¿estás desilusionado? - sí (, lo estoy)/no (, no lo estoy)
she was told the news, and so was he/but I wasn't — a ella le dieron la noticia, y también a él/pero a mí no
I'm surprised, are/aren't you? — estoy sorprendido, ¿y tú?/¿tú no?
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90 communication
1) ((an act, or means, of) conveying information: Communication is difficult in some remote parts of the country.) comunicación2) (a piece of information given, a letter etc: I received your communication in this morning's post.) comunicadocommunication n comunicacióntr[kəmjʊːnɪ'keɪʃən]1 (gen) comunicación nombre femenino2 (message) comunicación nombre femenino, comunicado1 comunicaciones nombre femenino plural\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLcommunication [kə.mju:nə'keɪʃən] n: comunicación fn.• comunicación (Teléfono) s.f.• correspondencia s.f.• participación s.f.kə'mjuːnə'keɪʃən, kəˌmjuːnɪ'keɪʃən1) u ( act) comunicación fto be in/get into communication (with somebody) — estar*/ponerse* en comunicación or en contacto (con alguien); (before n)
communication skills — ( Educ) aptitud f para comunicarse
2) communications pl ( means of communicating) comunicaciones fpl; (before n)[kǝˌmjuːnɪ'keɪʃǝn]communications satellite — satélite m de telecomunicaciones
1. N1) (=verbal or written contact) contacto m ; (=exchange of information) comunicación fto be in/get into communication with — frm estar/ponerse en contacto con
there has been a breakdown of or in communication between the police and the community — el diálogo entre la policía y la comunidad ha sufrido un deterioro
2) (=message) mensaje m, comunicación f3) communications comunicaciones fplgood/poor communications — buenas/malas comunicaciones
2.CPDcommunication breakdown N — problema m de comunicación
communication channels NPL — canales mpl de comunicación
communication cord N — (Rail) timbre m or palanca f de alarma
communication problem N — (personal) problema m de expresión; (within organization) problema m de comunicación
communication skills NPL — habilidad f or aptitud f para comunicarse
communications network N — red f de comunicaciones
communications satellite N — satélite m de comunicaciones
communications software N — paquete m de comunicaciones
* * *[kə'mjuːnə'keɪʃən, kəˌmjuːnɪ'keɪʃən]1) u ( act) comunicación fto be in/get into communication (with somebody) — estar*/ponerse* en comunicación or en contacto (con alguien); (before n)
communication skills — ( Educ) aptitud f para comunicarse
2) communications pl ( means of communicating) comunicaciones fpl; (before n)communications satellite — satélite m de telecomunicaciones
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91 joking
tr['ʤəʊkɪŋ]1 bromas nombre femenino plural\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLjoking apart bromas aparteadj.• bromista adj.• burlón, -ona adj.• chancero, -a adj.• zumbón, -ona adj.n.• chirigota s.f.
I 'dʒəʊkɪŋadjective <remark/reference> jocoso
II
noun bromas fpl['dʒǝʊkɪŋ](all) joking apart o aside — bromas aparte
1.ADJ [tone] burlón; [reference] humorístico2.joking apart or aside... — fuera de bromas..., hablando en serio...
* * *
I ['dʒəʊkɪŋ]adjective <remark/reference> jocoso
II
noun bromas fpl(all) joking apart o aside — bromas aparte
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92 perífrasis
f. s.&pl.periphrasis, circumlocution. (Rhet.)* * *1 periphrasis* * *SF INV periphrasis* * *femenino (pl perífrasis) periphrasis* * *femenino (pl perífrasis) periphrasis* * *(pl perífrasis)periphrasis* * *
perífrasis f inv periphrasis, roundabout expression
* * *perífrasis nf invwordy explanationGram perífrasis verbal compound verb -
93 वाच् _vāc
वाच् f. [वच्-क्विप् दीर्घो$संप्रसारणं च Uṇ.2.67]1 A word, sound, an expression (opp. अर्थ); वागर्थाविव संपृक्तौ वागर्थप्रतिपत्तये R.1.1.-2 Words, talk, language, speech; वाचि पुण्यापुण्यहेतवः Māl.4; लौकिकानां हि साधूनामर्थं वागनुवर्तते । ऋषीणां पुनराद्यानां वाचमर्थो$नुधावति U.1.1; विनिश्चितार्थामिति वाचमाददे Ki.1.3 'spoke these words', 'spoke as fol- lows'; R.1.49; Śi.2.13,23; Ku.2.3.-3 A voice, sound; अशरीरिणी वागुदचरत् U.2; मनुष्यवाचा R.2.33.-4 An assertion, a statement.-5 An assurance, a pro- mise.-6 A phrase, proverb, saying.-7 N. of Sara- svatī, the goddess of speech.-Comp. -अपहारकः (वागपहारकः) 1 a 'stealer of speech', a reader of pro- hibited texts; Ms.11.51.-2 a liar (मिथ्यावादी).-अपेत (वागपेत) a. dumb.-अर्थः (वागर्थः) a word and its meaning; वागर्थाविव संपृक्तौ R.1.1; see above.-असिः cutting speech (cutting like a sword); स्फुरन्नसाधोर्विवृणोति वागसिः Ki.14.12.-आडम्बरः, (-वागाडम्बरः) verbosity, bombast.-आत्मन् a. (वागात्मन्) consisting of words; ऋषे प्रबुद्धो$सि वागात्मनि ब्रह्मणि U.2.-ईशः (वागीशः) 1 an orator, an eloquent man.-2 an epithet of Bṛihaspati, the preceptor of the gods; वागीशाद्याः सुमनसः Nyāyamāla.-3 an epithet of Brahman; वागीशं (धातारं) वाग्भिरर्थ्याभिः प्रणिपत्योपतस्थिरे Ku.2.3.-4 the lunar mansion called Puṣya. (-शा) N. of Sarasvatī.-ईश्वरः (वागीश्वरः) 1 an orator, eloquent man.-2 an epithet of Brahman. (-री) Sarasvatī, the goddess of speech.-उत्तरम् (वागु- त्तरम्) end of speech.-ऋषभः, (वागृषभः) 'eminent in speech', an eloquent or learned man.-कलहः- (वाक्कलहः) a quarrel, strife.-कीरः (वाक्कीरः) a wife's brother.-केलिः, -ली (वाक्केलिः -ली) witty conversation.-गुदः (वाग्गुदः) a kind of bird; Ms.12.64.-गुणः (वाग्गुणः) a merit or excellence of speech; (35 such merits are enumerated by Hemachandra).-गुम्फः (pl.) artificial language.-गुलिः, -गुलिकः (वाग्गुलिः &c.) the betel-bearer of a king &c.; cf. ताम्बूलकरङ्कवाहिन्.- चपल a. (-वाक्चपल) chattering, frivolous or inconside- rate in talk.-चापल्यम् (वाक्चापल्यम्) idle or frivo- lous talk, chattering, gossiping.-छलम् (वाक्छलम्) 'dishonesty in words', an evasive reply, a prevarica- tion; एतावदेवास्ति मे वाक्छलम् Mu.2; केनेदममृतं मे वाक्छलाद् वृष्टम् K.33.-जालम् (वाग्जालम्) bombast, empty talk; अनिर्लोडितकार्यस्य वाग्जालं वाग्मिनो वृथा Śi.2.27.-जीवमः (वाग्जीवनः) a buffon; Kau. A.2.1.-डम्बरः (वाग्ड- म्बरः) 1 bombast.-2 eloquent language.-दण्डः (वाग्दण्डः) 1 reproachful words, reprimand, reproof.-2 restraint of speech, control over words; cf. त्रिदण्ड Ms.12.1.-दत्त (वाग्दत्त) a. promised, affianced, betrothed. (-त्ता) an affianced or betrothed virgin; Kull. on Ms.5.72.-दरिद्र (वाग्दरिद्र) a. 'poor in words', i. e. speaking little.-दलम् (वाग्दलम्) a lip.-दानम् (वाग्दानम्) betrothal; Ms.5.72 (Kull.).-दुष्ट a.(वाग्दुष्ट) 1 abusive, scurrilous, using abusive words; Ms.8.345.-2 using ungrammatical language.(-ष्टः) 1 a defamer.-2 a Brāhmaṇa not invested with the sacred thread at the proper time of his life.-देवता, -देवी (वाग्देवता, वाग्देवी) Sarasvatī, the goddess of speech; वाग्देवतायाः सांमुख्यमाधत्ते S. D.1. ˚कुलम् science, learning.-दोषः (वाग्दोषः) 1 the utterance of a (dis- agreeable) sound; द्वीपिचर्मपरिच्छन्नो वाग्दोषाद् गर्दभो हतः H. B.-2 abuse, defamation.-3 an ungrammatical speech.-निबन्धन (वाग्निबन्धन) a. depending on words.-निमि- त्तम् (वाङ्निमित्तम्) Prognostications; तच्चाकर्ण्य वाङ्- निमित्तज्ञः पितरि सुतरां जीविताशां शिथिलीचकार Hch. V.-निश्चयः (वाङ्निश्चयः) affiance by word of month, marriage contract.-निष्ठा (वाङ्निष्ठा) faithfulness (to one's word or promise).-पटु a. (वाक्पटु) skilful in speech, eloquent.-पति a. (वाक्पति) eloquent; oratorical.(-तिः) 1 N. of Bṛihaspati (in this sense वाचसांपतिः is also used).-2 the constellation Puṣya.-पथः(वाक्पथः) 1 a moment fit for speech.-2 the range of speech.-पाटवम् (वाक्पाटवम्) eloquence.-पारीणः (वाक्पा- रीणः) beyond the range of speech; वाक्पारीणरुचिः स चेन्मुखमयं पद्मः प्रिये तावकम् N.22.14.-पारुष्यम् (वाक्पारु- ष्यम्) 1 severity of language.-2 violence in words, abusive or scurrilous language, defamation; एवं दण्डविधिः प्रोक्तो वाक्पारुष्यस्य तत्त्वतः Ms.8.278.-प्रचोदनम् (वाक्प्रचो- दनम्) an order expressed in words.-प्रतोदः (वाक्प्र- तोदः) 'the goad of words', goading or taunting lan- guage.-प्रलापः (वाक्प्रलापः) eloquence.-बन्धनम् (वाग्बन्धनम्) stopping the speech, silencing; व्रीडार्ता प्रकरोति दाडिमपलव्याजेन वाग्बन्धनम् Amaru.16.-भट (वाग्भटः) N. of a writer on medicine.- मनस n. (the duel-वाङ्मनसी in Vedic language) speech and mind; अथैनं तुष्टुवुः स्तुत्यमवाङ्मनसगोचरम् R.1.15; अतीतः पन्थानं तव च महिमा वाङ्मनसयोः Śiva-mahimna 2.-मात्रम् (वाङ्मात्रम्) mere words.-मुखम् (वाङ्मुखम्) the beginning or introduction of a speech, an exordium, a preface.-यत a. (-वाग्यत) one who has controlled or curbed his speech, silent.-यमः (वाग्यमः) one who has con- trolled his speech, a sage.-यामः (वाग्यामः) a dumb man.-युद्धम् (वाग्युद्धम्) a war of words, (hot) debate or discussion, controversy.-रोधः (वाग्रोधः) stopping the speech, silencing.-वज्रः (वाग्वज्रः) 1 adamantine words; अहह दारुणो वाग्वज्रः U.1.-2 harsh or severe language.-विद् a. (वाग्विद्) eloquent.-विदग्ध a. (वाग्विदग्ध) skilled in speech. (-ग्धा) a sweet-speaking or fascinating woman.-विनिःसृत a. (वाग्विनिःसृत) put forth by speech; वाच्यर्था नियताः सर्वे वाङ्मूला वाग्वि- निःसृताः । तां तु यः स्तेनयेद्वाचं स सर्वस्तेयकृन्नरः ॥ Ms.4.256.-विभवः (वाग्विभवः) stock or provision of words, power of description, command of language; नास्ति मे वाग्विभवः प्रशंसितुम् V.3; रघूणामन्वयं वक्ष्ये तनुवाग्विभवो$पि सन् R.1.9; Māl.1.26.-विलासः (वाग्विलासः) graceful or elegant speech.-विलासिन् m. (वाग्विलासिन्) pi- geon, dove.-विस्तरः (वाग्विस्तरः) prolixity.-वीरः (वाग्वीरः) master of speech.-व्ययः (वाग्व्ययः) waste of breath.-व्यवहारः (वाग्व्यवहारः) verbal or oral discussion; प्रयोगप्रधानं हि नाट्यशास्त्रं किमत्र वाग्व्यवहारेण M.1.-व्यापारः (वाग्व्यापारः) 1 the manner of speaking.-2 the style or habit of speaking.-3 customary phra- seology or mode of talking.-शलाका (वाक्शलाका) in- jurious speech.-शल्यम्(वाक्शल्यम्) = वाक्शलाका. -शस्त्रम् (वाक्शस्त्रम्) a curse; वाक्शस्त्रं वै ब्राह्मणस्य तेन हन्यादरीन् द्विजः Ms.11.33.-संतक्षणम् sarcastic remarks; असारस्य वाक्संतक्षणैः... अपवाहनम् Dk.2.2.-संयमः (वाक्संयमः), -संवरः (वाक्संवरः) restraint or control of speech.-संगः (वाक्संगः) 1 impeded or slow speech.-2 para- lysis of speech.-सारः (वाक्सारः) eloquence.-सिद्धम् (वाक्सिद्धम्) supernatural perfection of speech.-स्तम्भः (वाक्स्तम्भः) paralysis of speech. -
94 mynegiad
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95 infelicity
in·fe·lic·ity[ˌɪnfəˈlɪsəti, AM -ət̬i]n ( form)verbal infelicities ungeschickte Formulierungen* * *["InfI'lIsItɪ]n (form)the infelicity of the expression — der unglücklich or ungeschickt gewählte Ausdruck
* * *1. Unglück n, Elend n2. unglücklicher Umstand3. unglücklicher Ausdruck* * *n.Unglück -e n. -
96 pugnacity
pug·nac·ity[pʌgˈnæsəti, AM -ət̬i]* * *[pʌg'nsItɪ]nKampfeslust f; (verbal) Streitsüchtigkeit f; (of expression, remark) Herausforderung f (of in +dat); (of support, defence) Hartnäckigkeit f; (of campaign) Aggressivität fthe pugnacity of his approach — die Aggressivität seiner Vorgehensweise
* * *2. Streitsucht f* * *n.Kampfbegierde f.Kampflust f. -
97 informal
informal [ɪnˈfɔ:məl]a. ( = relaxed) décontractéb. [language, expression] familierc. ( = unceremonious) [party, meal, visit] sans cérémonie ; [clothes] décontracté• "dress informal" « tenue de ville »d. ( = unofficial) non officiel* * *[ɪn'fɔːml]1) ( unaffected) [person] sans façons; [manner, style] simple2) ( casual) [language] familier/-ièreinformal clothes — vêtements mpl de tous les jours
‘dress informal’ — ( on invitation) ‘tenue f de ville’
3) ( relaxed) [mood] décontracté; [group] informel/-elle4) ( unofficial) [announcement] officieux/-ieuse; [visit] privé; [invitation] verbal; [discussion, interview] informel/-elle -
98 statement
statement [ˈsteɪtmənt]a. [of one's views, the facts] exposition f ; [of time, place] spécification f ; [of theory, conditions] formulation f ; [of problem] énonciation f* * *['steɪtmənt]1) ( expression of view) déclaration f (by de; on, about à propos de); ( official) communiqué mstatement of belief — profession f de foi
statement of fact — exposé m des faits
2) Finance ( of bank account) relevé m de compte3) Law déclaration f -
99 with
with [wɪð, wɪθ]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━a. avec• come with me! viens avec moi !━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► The pronoun is not translated in the following, where it and them refer to things.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• these gloves, I can't drive with them on ces gants-là, je ne peux pas conduire avec━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Note the verbal construction in the following example.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• I'm with you ( = understand) je vous suis• sorry, I'm not with you désolé, je ne vous suis pas• I'll be with you in a minute ( = attend to) je suis à vous dans une minute• I'm with you all the way ( = support) je suis à fond avec vous► to be with it (inf) ( = fashionable) être dans le vent (inf)get with it! ( = pay attention) réveille-toi !, secoue-toi ! ; ( = face facts) redescends sur terre !b. ( = on one's person) surc. ( = in the house of, working with) chez• I've been with this company for seven years cela fait sept ans que je travaille pour cette sociétéf. ( = in spite of) malgré• with all his intelligence, he still doesn't understand malgré toute son intelligence, il ne comprend toujours pas• with so much happening it was difficult to... il se passait tellement de choses qu'il était difficile de...• with that, he closed the door sur ce, il a fermé la porte* * *[wɪð, wɪθ]Note: If you have any doubts about how to translate a phrase or expression beginning with with ( with a vengeance, with all my heart, with a bit of luck, with my blessing etc) you should consult the appropriate noun entry (vengeance, heart, luck, blessing etc)with is often used after verbs in English ( dispense with, part with, get on with etc). For translations, consult the appropriate verb entry (dispense, part, get etc)This dictionary contains usage notes on such topics as the human body and illnesses, aches and pains which use the preposition with. For the index to these notesFor further uses of with, see the entry below1) ( in descriptions)2) (involving, concerning) aveca treaty/a discussion with somebody — un traité/une discussion avec quelqu'un
3) ( indicating an agent) avec4) (indicating manner, attitude)with difficulty/pleasure — avec difficulté/plaisir
‘OK,’ he said with a smile/sigh — ‘d'accord,’ a-t-il dit en souriant/soupirant
5) ( according to)6) (accompanied by, in the presence of) avecshe's got her brother with her — ( on one occasion) elle est avec or accompagnée de son frère; ( staying with her) son frère est chez elle
to live with somebody — ( in one's own house) vivre avec quelqu'un; ( in their house) vivre chez quelqu'un
7) (owning, bringing)8) (in relation to, as regards)what's up with Amy? —
what's with Amy? — US qu'est-ce qui ne va pas avec Amy?
9) (showing consent, support)I'm with you 100% ou all the way — je suis tout à fait d'accord avec toi
10) ( because of)sick with worry — malade or mort d'inquiétude
11) ( remaining)with only two days to go before the election — alors qu'il ne reste plus que deux jours avant les élections
12) ( suffering from)people with Aids/leukemia — les personnes atteintes du sida/de la leucémie
13) ( in the care or charge of)14) ( against) avec15) ( showing simultaneity)with that, he left — sur ce, il est parti
16) (employed by, customer of)17) ( in the same direction as)••to be with it — (colloq) ( on the ball) être dégourdi; ( trendy) être dans le vent
I'm not really with it today — (colloq) j'ai l'esprit ailleurs aujourd'hui
get with it! — (colloq) ( wake up) réveille-toi!; ( face the facts) redescends sur terre!
I'm not with you, can you repeat? — je ne te suis pas, tu peux répéter?
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100 concerto
a To 'make a scene', to subject someone to verbal recriminations.b To have intercourse with someone. (With this second meaning, the expression has a certain jocularity.)
См. также в других словарях:
verbal expression — index speech Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
verbal expression — noun the communication (in speech or writing) of your beliefs or opinions expressions of good will he helped me find verbal expression for my ideas the idea was immediate but the verbalism took hours • Syn: ↑expression, ↑verbalism •… … Useful english dictionary
expression — noun 1 on sb s face ADJECTIVE ▪ neutral ▪ blank, dazed, glazed, vacant ▪ They all just looked at me with blank expressions. ▪ dea … Collocations dictionary
verbal — verbal, ale, aux [ vɛrbal, o ] adj. • 1337, attesté par l adv. verbalement; lat. verbalis, de verbum → verbe I ♦ 1 ♦ Qui se fait de vive voix (opposé à écrit). ⇒ oral. Promesse verbale. Ordres, rapports verbaux. Convention verbale. Location… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Expression canadienne — Français québécois Ne pas confondre avec le français acadien, une autre variété du français parlée au Canada. Pour l’article homonyme, voir Québécois. Français québécois … Wikipédia en Français
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expression — expressional, adj. expressionless, adj. expressionlessly, adv. /ik spresh euhn/, n. 1. the act of expressing or setting forth in words: the free expression of political opinions. 2. a particular word, phrase, or form of words: old fashioned… … Universalium
Verbal contract — A verbal contract is any contract which is expressed in words (written or spoken). This contrasts with a contract which is implied by actions of the parties. An implied contract can be either implied in fact or implied in law. A contract which is … Wikipedia
Verbal inspiration — Inspiration In spi*ra tion, n. [F. inspiration, L. inspiratio. See {Inspire}.] [1913 Webster] 1. The act of inspiring or breathing in; breath; specif. (Physiol.), the drawing of air into the lungs, accomplished in mammals by elevation of the… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
verbal — adj. Verbal is used with these nouns: ↑abuse, ↑aggression, ↑agreement, ↑assault, ↑assurance, ↑attack, ↑command, ↑communication, ↑confirmation, ↑confrontation, ↑consent, ↑ … Collocations dictionary
Cadrage verbal — ou satellitaire En typologie linguistique, on dit qu une langue est à cadrage verbal ou à cadrage satellitaire (alternativement à cadre verbal / à cadre de satellite en anglais verb framed / satellite framed) selon la façon dont elle exprime le… … Wikipédia en Français