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101 Kontrolle
f; -, -n1. (Aufsicht) supervision; (Prüfung) auch von Gepäck etc.: check(ing); TECH. und von Lebensmitteln etc.: inspection; (Überwachung, auch Beherrschung) control; unter ärztlicher Kontrolle under medical supervision; außer Kontrolle geraten get out of control; unter Kontrolle bringen / haben / halten bring / have / keep under control; die Inflation etc. unter Kontrolle halten auch keep the lid on inflation etc. umg.; die Kontrolle verlieren über (+ Akk) lose control of; er verlor die Kontrolle über seine Leute auch his men got out of hand; er verliert leicht die Kontrolle über sich he’s quick to lose his temper, he tends to flare up (very quickly); Qualitätskontrolle2. (Kontrollpunkt) checkpoint; (Passkontrolle) passport control; (Zollkontrolle) customs Sg. (control)* * *die Kontrollechecking; supervision; check; control; inspection; checkup* * *Kon|trọl|le [kOn'trɔlə]f -, -n1) (= Beherrschung, Regulierung) controlüber jdn/etw die Kontrolle verlieren — to lose control of sb/sth
jdn/etw unter Kontrolle haben/halten — to have/keep sb/sth under control
der Brand geriet außer Kontrolle — the fire got out of control
2) (= Nachprüfung) check (+gen on); (= Aufsicht) supervision; (= Schutz) safeguard; (= Passkontrolle) passport control; (= Zollkontrolle) customs examinationjdn/etw einer Kontrolle unterziehen — to check sb/sth
zur Kontrolle haben wir noch einmal alles nachgerechnet — we went over all the figures again to check
Kontrollen durchführen — to carry out or make checks
der Luftverkehr ist unter ständiger Kontrolle — air traffic is kept under constant surveillance, a constant check is kept on air traffic
nach einer sorgfältigen Kontrolle der Waren — after a careful inspection of the goods, after a careful check on or of the goods
3) (= Stelle) (für Überprüfung, Verkehr) checkpoint; (= Pass-/Zollkontrolle) passport control/customs; (vor Fabrik) gatehouse; (an der Grenze) border post; (in Bibliothek etc) checkout desk4) (= Person) inspector; (= Pass-/Zollkontrolle) passport/customs officer; (in Fabrik) security officer; (= Polizist) (im Verkehr) traffic police; (an der Grenze) frontier guard; (in Bibliotheken etc) person at the checkout desk* * *die1) (an act of testing or checking.) check2) (the right of directing or of giving orders; power or authority: She has control over all the decisions in that department; She has no control over that dog.) control3) (the act of holding back or restraining: control of prices; I know you're angry but you must not lose control (of yourself).) control4) (a point or place at which an inspection takes place: passport control.) control* * *Kon·trol·le<-, -n>[kɔnˈtrɔlə]f1. (Überprüfung) check, inspectiondie \Kontrollen an einem Flughafen checks at an airporteine \Kontrolle durchführen to conduct an inspection2. (passive Überwachung) monitoring3. (aktive Überwachung) supervisionetw unter \Kontrolle bringen to bring sth under controljdn/etw unter \Kontrolle haben [o halten] (Gewalt über jdn/etw haben) to have sb/sth under control; (jdn/etw überwachen) to have sb/sth monitored4. (Kontrollstelle) checkpoint* * *die; Kontrolle, Kontrollen1) (Überwachung) surveillanceunter Kontrolle stehen — be under surveillance
jemanden/etwas einer Kontrolle unterziehen — check somebody/something
in eine Kontrolle kommen — be stopped at a police check
zur Kontrolle — as a check
3) (Herrschaft) controldie Kontrolle über etwas/sich (Akk.) verlieren — lose control of something/oneself
etwas unter Kontrolle (Akk.) bringen/halten — get or bring/keep something under control
* * *1. (Aufsicht) supervision; (Prüfung) auch von Gepäck etc: check(ing); TECH und von Lebensmitteln etc: inspection; (Überwachung, auch Beherrschung) control;unter ärztlicher Kontrolle under medical supervision;außer Kontrolle geraten get out of control;unter Kontrolle bringen/haben/halten bring/have/keep under control;die Inflation etcdie Kontrolle verlieren über (+akk) lose control of;er verlor die Kontrolle über seine Leute auch his men got out of hand;er verliert leicht die Kontrolle über sich he’s quick to lose his temper, he tends to flare up (very quickly); → Qualitätskontrolle2. (Kontrollpunkt) checkpoint; (Passkontrolle) passport control; (Zollkontrolle) customs sg(control)* * *die; Kontrolle, Kontrollen1) (Überwachung) surveillancejemanden/etwas einer Kontrolle unterziehen — check somebody/something
3) (Herrschaft) controldie Kontrolle über etwas/sich (Akk.) verlieren — lose control of something/oneself
etwas unter Kontrolle (Akk.) bringen/halten — get or bring/keep something under control
* * *f.check n.checking n.checkup n.control n.governance (of) n. -
102 под эгидой
1) General subject: under the aegis (защитой, покровительством, руководством), under the auspices, under the egis, under the guidance, under the guise, protected or sponsored by, under the umbrella of2) Military: under the aegis, under the authority of, under the sponsorship3) Mathematics: under the aegis of4) Economy: under the auspices of -
103 Chronology
15,000-3,000 BCE Paleolithic cultures in western Portugal.400-200 BCE Greek and Carthaginian trade settlements on coast.202 BCE Roman armies invade ancient Lusitania.137 BCE Intensive Romanization of Lusitania begins.410 CE Germanic tribes — Suevi and Visigoths—begin conquest of Roman Lusitania and Galicia.714—16 Muslims begin conquest of Visigothic Lusitania.1034 Christian Reconquest frontier reaches Mondego River.1064 Christians conquer Coimbra.1139 Burgundian Count Afonso Henriques proclaims himself king of Portugal; birth of Portugal. Battle of Ourique: Afonso Henriques defeats Muslims.1147 With English Crusaders' help, Portuguese seize Lisbon from Muslims.1179 Papacy formally recognizes Portugal's independence (Pope Alexander III).1226 Campaign to reclaim Alentejo from Muslims begins.1249 Last Muslim city (Silves) falls to Portuguese Army.1381 Beginning of third war between Castile and Portugal.1383 Master of Aviz, João, proclaimed regent by Lisbon populace.1385 April: Master of Aviz, João I, proclaimed king of Portugal by Cortes of Coimbra. 14 August: Battle of Aljubarrota, Castilians defeated by royal forces, with assistance of English army.1394 Birth of "Prince Henry the Navigator," son of King João I.1415 Beginning of overseas expansion as Portugal captures Moroccan city of Ceuta.1419 Discovery of Madeira Islands.1425-28 Prince D. Pedro, older brother of Prince Henry, travels in Europe.1427 Discovery (or rediscovery?) of Azores Islands.1434 Prince Henry the Navigator's ships pass beyond Cape Bojador, West Africa.1437 Disaster at Tangier, Morocco, as Portuguese fail to capture city.1441 First African slaves from western Africa reach Portugal.1460 Death of Prince Henry. Portuguese reach what is now Senegal, West Africa.1470s Portuguese explore West African coast and reach what is now Ghana and Nigeria and begin colonizing islands of São Tomé and Príncipe.1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas between kings of Portugal and Spain.1482 Portuguese establish post at São Jorge da Mina, Gold Coast (now Ghana).1482-83 Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reaches mouth of Congo River and Angola.1488 Navigator Bartolomeu Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and finds route to Indian Ocean.1492-93 Columbus's first voyage to West Indies.1493 Columbus visits Azores and Portugal on return from first voyage; tells of discovery of New World. Treaty of Tordesillas signed between kings of Portugal and Spain: delimits spheres of conquest with line 370 leagues west of Cape Verde Islands (claimed by Portugal); Portugal's sphere to east of line includes, in effect, Brazil.King Manuel I and Royal Council decide to continue seeking all-water route around Africa to Asia.King Manuel I expels unconverted Jews from Portugal.1497-99 Epic voyage of Vasco da Gama from Portugal around Africa to west India, successful completion of sea route to Asia project; da Gama returns to Portugal with samples of Asian spices.1500 Bound for India, Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral "discovers" coast of Brazil and claims it for Portugal.1506 Anti-Jewish riots in Lisbon.Battle of Diu, India; Portugal's command of Indian Ocean assured for some time with Francisco de Almeida's naval victory over Egyptian and Gujerati fleets.Afonso de Albuquerque conquers Goa, India; beginning of Portuguese hegemony in south Asia.Portuguese conquest of Malacca; commerce in Spice Islands.1519 Magellan begins circumnavigation voyage.1536 Inquisition begins in Portugal.1543 Portuguese merchants reach Japan.1557 Portuguese merchants granted Chinese territory of Macau for trading factory.1572 Luís de Camões publishes epic poem, Os Lusíadas.1578 Battle of Alcácer-Quivir; Moroccan forces defeat army of King Sebastião of Portugal; King Sebastião dies in battle. Portuguese succession crisis.1580 King Phillip II of Spain claims and conquers Portugal; Spanish rule of Portugal, 1580-1640.1607-24 Dutch conquer sections of Asia and Brazil formerly held by Portugal.1640 1 December: Portuguese revolution in Lisbon overthrows Spanish rule, restores independence. Beginning of Portugal's Braganza royal dynasty.1654 Following Dutch invasions and conquest of parts of Brazil and Angola, Dutch expelled by force.1661 Anglo-Portuguese Alliance treaty signed: England pledges to defend Portugal "as if it were England itself." Queen Catherine of Bra-ganza marries England's Charles II.1668 February: In Portuguese-Spanish peace treaty, Spain recognizes independence of Portugal, thus ending 28-year War of Restoration.1703 Methuen Treaties signed, key commercial trade agreement and defense treaty between England and Portugal.1750 Pombal becomes chief minister of King José I.1755 1 November: Massive Lisbon earthquake, tidal wave, and fire.1759 Expulsion of Jesuits from Portugal and colonies.1761 Slavery abolished in continental Portugal.1769 Abandonment of Mazagão, Morocco, last Portuguese outpost.1777 Pombal dismissed as chief minister by Queen Maria I, after death of José I.1791 Portugal and United States establish full diplomatic relations.1807 November: First Napoleonic invasion; French forces under Junot conquer Portugal. Royal family flees to colony of Brazil and remains there until 1821.1809 Second French invasion of Portugal under General Soult.1811 Third French invasion of Portugal under General Masséna.1813 Following British general Wellington's military victories, French forces evacuate Portugal.1817 Liberal, constitutional movements against absolutist monarchist rule break out in Brazil (Pernambuco) and Portugal (Lisbon, under General Gomes Freire); crushed by government. British marshal of Portugal's army, Beresford, rules Portugal.Liberal insurrection in army officer corps breaks out in Cadiz, Spain, and influences similar movement in Portugal's armed forces first in Oporto.King João VI returns from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and early draft of constitution; era of constitutional monarchy begins.1822 7 September: João VI's son Pedro proclaims independence ofBrazil from Portugal and is named emperor. 23 September: Constitution of 1822 ratified.Portugal recognizes sovereign independence of Brazil.King João VI dies; power struggle for throne ensues between his sons, brothers Pedro and Miguel; Pedro, emperor of Brazil, abdicates Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter, D. Maria II, too young to assume crown. By agreement, Miguel, uncle of D. Maria, is to accept constitution and rule in her stead.1828 Miguel takes throne and abolishes constitution. Sections of Portugal rebel against Miguelite rule.1831 Emperor Pedro abdicates throne of Brazil and returns to Portugal to expel King Miguel from Portuguese throne.1832-34 Civil war between absolutist King Miguel and constitutionalist Pedro, who abandons throne of Brazil to restore his young daughter Maria to throne of Portugal; Miguel's armed forces defeated by those of Pedro. Miguel leaves for exile and constitution (1826 Charter) is restored.1834-53 Constitutional monarchy consolidated under rule of Queen Maria II, who dies in 1853.1851-71 Regeneration period of economic development and political stability; public works projects sponsored by Minister Fontes Pereira de Melo.1871-90 Rotativism period of alternating party governments; achieves political stability and less military intervention in politics and government. Expansion of colonial territory in tropical Africa.January: Following territorial dispute in central Africa, Britain delivers "Ultimatum" to Portugal demanding withdrawal of Portugal's forces from what is now Malawi and Zimbabwe. Portugal's government, humiliated in accepting demand under threat of a diplomatic break, falls. Beginning of governmental and political instability; monarchist decline and republicanism's rise.Anglo-Portuguese treaties signed relating to delimitation of frontiers in colonial Africa.1899 Treaty of Windsor; renewal of Anglo-Portuguese defense and friendship alliance.1903 Triumphal visit of King Edward VII to Portugal.1906 Politician João Franco supported by King Carlos I in dictatorship to restore order and reform.1908 1 February: Murder in Lisbon of King Carlos I and his heir apparent, Prince Dom Luís, by Portuguese anarchists. Eighteen-year-old King Manuel II assumes throne.1910 3-5 October: Following republican-led military insurrection in armed forces, monarchy falls and first Portuguese republic is proclaimed. Beginning of unstable, economically troubled, parliamentary republic form of government.May: Violent insurrection in Lisbon overturns government of General Pimenta de Castro; nearly a thousand casualties from several days of armed combat in capital.March: Following Portugal's honoring ally Britain's request to confiscate German shipping in Portuguese harbors, Germany declares war on Portugal; Portugal enters World War I on Allied side.Portugal organizes and dispatches Portuguese Expeditionary Corps to fight on the Western Front. 9 April: Portuguese forces mauled by German offensive in Battle of Lys. Food rationing and riots in Lisbon. Portuguese military operations in Mozambique against German expedition's invasion from German East Africa. 5 December: Authoritarian, presidentialist government under Major Sidónio Pais takes power in Lisbon, following a successful military coup.1918 11 November: Armistice brings cessation of hostilities on Western Front in World War I. Portuguese expeditionary forces stationed in Angola, Mozambique, and Flanders begin return trip to Portugal. 14 December: President Sidónio Pais assassinated. Chaotic period of ephemeral civil war ensues.1919-21 Excessively unstable political period, including January1919 abortive effort of Portuguese monarchists to restore Braganza dynasty to power. Republican forces prevail, but level of public violence, economic distress, and deprivation remains high.1921 October: Political violence attains peak with murder of former prime minister and other prominent political figures in Lisbon. Sectors of armed forces and Guarda Nacional Republicana are mutinous. Year of financial and corruption scandals, including Portuguese bank note (fraud) case; military court acquits guilty military insurrectionists, and one military judge declares "the country is sick."28 May: Republic overthrown by military coup or pronunciamento and conspiracy among officer corps. Parliament's doors locked and parliament closed for nearly nine years to January 1935. End of parliamentary republic, Western Europe's most unstable political system in this century, beginning of the Portuguese dictatorship, after 1930 known as the Estado Novo. Officer corps assumes reins of government, initiates military censorship of the press, and suppresses opposition.February: Military dictatorship under General Óscar Carmona crushes failed republican armed insurrection in Oporto and Lisbon.April: Military dictatorship names Professor Antônio de Oliveira Salazar minister of finance, with dictatorial powers over budget, to stabilize finances and rebuild economy. Insurrectionism among military elements continues into 1931.1930 Dr. Salazar named minister for colonies and announces balanced budgets. Salazar consolidates support by various means, including creation of official regime "movement," the National Union. Salazar engineers Colonial Act to ensure Lisbon's control of bankrupt African colonies by means of new fiscal controls and centralization of authority. July: Military dictatorship names Salazar prime minister for first time, and cabinet composition undergoes civilianization; academic colleagues and protégés plan conservative reform and rejuvenation of society, polity, and economy. Regime comes to be called the Estado Novo (New State). New State's constitution ratified by new parliament, the National Assembly; Portugal described in document as "unitary, corporative Republic" and governance influenced by Salazar's stern personality and doctrines such as integralism, Catholicism, and fiscal conservatism.1936 Violent instability and ensuing civil war in neighboring Spain, soon internationalized by fascist and communist intervention, shake Estado Novo regime. Pseudofascist period of regime features creation of imitation Fascist institutions to defend regime from leftist threats; Portugal institutes "Portuguese Youth" and "Portuguese Legion."1939 3 September: Prime Minister Salazar declares Portugal's neutrality in World War II. October: Anglo-Portuguese agreement grants naval and air base facilities to Britain and later to United States for Battle of the Atlantic and Normandy invasion support. Third Reich protests breach of Portugal's neutrality.6 June: On day of Allies' Normandy invasion, Portugal suspends mining and export of wolfram ore to both sides in war.8 May: Popular celebrations of Allied victory and Fascist defeat in Lisbon and Oporto coincide with Victory in Europe Day. Following managed elections for Estado Novo's National Assembly in November, regime police, renamed PIDE, with increased powers, represses opposition.1947 Abortive military coup in central Portugal easily crushed by regime. Independence of India and initiation of Indian protests against Portuguese colonial rule in Goa and other enclaves.1949 Portugal becomes founding member of NATO.1951 Portugal alters constitution and renames overseas colonies "Overseas Provinces." Portugal and United States sign military base agreements for use of air and naval facilities in Azores Islands and military aid to Lisbon. President Carmona dies in office, succeeded by General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58). July: Indians occupy enclave of Portuguese India (dependency of Damão) by means of passive resistance movement. August: Indian passive resistance movement in Portuguese India repelled by Portuguese forces with loss of life. December: With U.S. backing, Portugal admitted as member of United Nations (along with Spain). Air force general Humberto Delgado, in opposition, challenges Estado Novo's hand-picked successor to Craveiro Lopes, Admiral Américo Tomás. Delgado rallies coalition of democratic, liberal, and communist opposition but loses rigged election and later flees to exile in Brazil. Portugal joins European Free Trade Association (EFTA).January and February: Estado Novo rocked by armed African insurrection in northern Angola, crushed by armed forces. Hijacking of Portuguese ocean liner by ally of Delgado, Captain Henrique Galvão. April: Salazar defeats attempted military coup and reshuffles cabinet with group of younger figures who seek to reform colonial rule and strengthen the regime's image abroad. 18 December: Indian army rapidly defeats Portugal's defense force in Goa, Damão, and Diu and incorporates Portugal's Indian possessions into Indian Union. January: Abortive military coup in Beja, Portugal.1965 February: General Delgado and his Brazilian secretary murdered and secretly buried near Spanish frontier by political police, PIDE.1968 August and September: Prime Minister Salazar, aged 79, suffers crippling stoke. President Tomás names former cabinet officer Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor. Caetano institutes modest reforms in Portugal and overseas.1971 Caetano government ratifies amended constitution that allows slight devolution and autonomy to overseas provinces in Africa and Asia. Right-wing loyalists oppose reforms in Portugal. 25 April: Military coup engineered by Armed Forces Movement overthrows Estado Novo and establishes provisional government emphasizing democratization, development, and decolonization. Limited resistance by loyalists. President Tomás and Premier Caetano flown to exile first in Madeira and then in Brazil. General Spínola appointed president. September: Revolution moves to left, as President Spínola, thwarted in his program, resigns.March: Military coup by conservative forces fails, and leftist response includes nationalization of major portion of economy. Polarization between forces and parties of left and right. 25 November: Military coup by moderate military elements thwarts leftist forces. Constituent Assembly prepares constitution. Revolution moves from left to center and then right.March: Constitution ratified by Assembly of the Republic. 25 April: Second general legislative election gives largest share of seats to Socialist Party (PS). Former oppositionist lawyer, Mário Soares, elected deputy and named prime minister.1977-85 Political pendulum of democratic Portugal moves from center-left to center-right, as Social Democratic Party (PSD) increases hold on assembly and take office under Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. July1985 elections give edge to PSD who advocate strong free-enterprise measures and revision of leftist-generated 1976 Constitution, amended modestly in 1982.1986 January: Portugal joins European Economic Community (EEC).1987 July: General, legislative elections for assembly give more than 50 percent to PSD led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. For first time, since 1974, Portugal has a working majority government.1989 June: Following revisions of 1976 Constitution, reprivatization of economy begins, under PS government.January: Presidential elections, Mário Soares reelected for second term. July: General, legislative elections for assembly result in new PSD victory and majority government.January-July: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Economic Community (EEC). December: Tariff barriers fall as fully integrated Common Market established in the EEC.November: Treaty of Maastricht comes into force. The EEC officially becomes the European Union (EU). Portugal is signatory with 11 other member-nations.October: General, legislative elections for assembly result in PS victory and naming of Prime Minister Guterres. PS replace PSD as leading political party. November: Excavations for Lisbon bank uncover ancient Phoenician, Roman, and Christian ruins.January: General, presidential elections; socialist Jorge Sampaio defeats PSD's Cavaco Silva and assumes presidency from Dr. Mário Soares. July: Community of Portuguese Languages Countries (CPLP) cofounded by Portugal and Brazil.May-September: Expo '98 held in Lisbon. Opening of Vasco da Gama Bridge across Tagus River, Europe's longest (17 kilometers/ 11 miles). June: National referendum on abortion law change defeated after low voter turnout. November: National referendum on regionaliza-tion and devolution of power defeated after another low voter turnout.October: General, legislative elections: PS victory over PSD lacks clear majority in parliament. Following East Timor referendum, which votes for independence and withdrawal of Indonesia, outburst of popular outrage in streets, media, and communications of Portugal approves armed intervention and administration of United Nations (and withdrawal of Indonesia) in East Timor. Portugal and Indonesia restore diplomatic relations. December: A Special Territory since 1975, Colony of Macau transferred to sovereignty of People's Republic of China.January-June: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the EU; end of Discoveries Historical Commemoration Cycle (1988-2000).United Nations forces continue to occupy and administer former colony of East Timor, with Portugal's approval.January: General, presidential elections; PS president Sampaio reelected for second term. City of Oporto, "European City of Culture" for the year, hosts arts festival. December: Municipal elections: PSD defeats PS; socialist prime minister Guterres resigns; President Sampaio calls March parliamentary elections.1 January: Portugal enters single European Currency system. Euro currency adopted and ceases use of former national currency, the escudo. March: Parliamentary elections; PSD defeats PS and José Durão Barroso becomes prime minister. Military modernization law passed. Portugal holds chairmanship of Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).May: Municipal law passed permitting municipalities to reorganize in new ways.June: Prime Minister Durão Barroso, invited to succeed Romano Prodi as president of EU Commission, resigns. Pedro Santana Lopes becomes prime minister. European Parliament elections held. Conscription for national service in army and navy ended. Mass grave uncovered at Academy of Sciences Museum, Lisbon, revealing remains of several thousand victims of Lisbon earthquake, 1755.February: Parliamentary elections; PS defeats PSD, socialists win first absolute majority in parliament since 1975. José Sócrates becomes prime minister.January: Presidential elections; PSD candidate Aníbal Cavaco Silva elected and assumes presidency from Jorge Sampaio. Portugal's national soccer team ranked 7th out of 205 countries by international soccer association. European Union's Bologna Process in educational reform initiated in Portugal.July-December: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Union. For reasons of economy, Portugal announces closure of many consulates, especially in France and the eastern US. Government begins official inspections of private institutions of higher education, following scandals.2008 January: Prime Minister Sócrates announces location of new Lisbon area airport as Alcochete, on south bank of Tagus River, site of air force shooting range. February: Portuguese Army begins to receive new modern battle tanks (Leopard 2 A6). March: Mass protest of 85,000 public school (primary and secondary levels) teachers in Lisbon schools dispute recent educational policies of minister of education and prime minister. -
104 öffentlich
I Adj.1. allg. public; öffentliche Bekanntmachung public announcement; in öffentlicher Sitzung in open session; es war ihr erster öffentlicher Auftritt it was her first public appearance; das öffentliche Wohl the public good; die öffentliche Meinung public opinion; öffentliches Recht public law; Missstände etc. öffentlich machen bring abuses etc. to the public’s attention; öffentliche Versteigerung sale by public auction; öffentliche Toilette public toilet (Am. rest room); der Vortrag ist öffentlich the lecture is open to the public; Ärgernis, Interesse, Leben 6, Ordnung etc.2. (kommunal) local authority...; (staatlich) state...; öffentliche Anleihen government securities; öffentliche Schulen state schools, Am. public schools; öffentliche Versorgungsbetriebe public utilities; öffentlicher Dienst public sector; (Beamtentum) civil service; ein Angestellter des öffentlichen Dienstes a public-sector employee; (Beamte) a civil servant; die öffentliche Hand the (state) authorities; von der öffentlichen Hand finanziert state-funded, paid for out of public funds; Müllbeseitigung ist eine öffentliche Aufgabe waste disposal is the responsibility of the local authority ( oder is a public service)II Adv. publicly, in public; JUR. in open session; öffentlich abstimmen / tagen have an open vote / meet in open session; öffentlich bekannt machen make public, announce publicly; etw. öffentlich erklären state s.th. in public; Missstände öffentlich anprangern launch a public attack on abuses* * *publicly (Adv.); in public (Adv.); common (Adj.); public (Adj.)* * *ọ̈f|fent|lich1. adjeine Persönlichkeit des öffentlichen Lebens — a person in public life or in the public eye
im öffentlichen Leben stehen —
ein öffentliches Haus (euph) — a house of ill repute (euph)
die öffentliche Meinung/Moral — public opinion/morality
Anstalt/Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts — public institution/corporation or body
3) (= staatlich) publicöffentliche Schule — state school, public school (US)
etw in die öffentliche Hand überführen — to take sth into public ownership, to take sth under public control
2. advpubliclyetw öffentlich bekannt machen — to make sth public, to publicize sth
öffentlich versteigern — to sell by public auction, to auction publicly
jdn öffentlich anschuldigen/hinrichten — to accuse/execute sb publicly
* * *1) publicly2) (of, for, or concerning, the people (of a community or nation) in general: a public library; a public meeting; Public opinion turned against him; The public announcements are on the back page of the newspaper; This information should be made public and not kept secret any longer.) public* * *öf·fent·lich[ˈœfn̩tlɪç]I. adj publicnicht \öffentlich Gerichtsverhandlung in camera\öffentliche Anleihen public [or government] loan\öffentliche Arbeitsprojekte/Fördermittel public projects/funds\öffentlicher Dienst civil service\öffentliche Hand public authorities\öffentlicher Wohnungsbau public [or government] housing, BRIT council housing\öffentliches Übernahmeangebot/Unternehmen public takeover offer/enterprise\öffentliches Zeichnungsangebot public offeringII. adv publicly, in public* * *1.2.Erregung öffentlichen Ärgernisses — (Rechtsw.) creating a public nuisance
1) publicly; <perform, appear> in public* * *A. adj1. allg public;öffentliche Bekanntmachung public announcement;in öffentlicher Sitzung in open session;es war ihr erster öffentlicher Auftritt it was her first public appearance;das öffentliche Wohl the public good;die öffentliche Meinung public opinion;öffentliches Recht public law;Missstände etcöffentlich machen bring abuses etc to the public’s attention;öffentliche Versteigerung sale by public auction;öffentliche Toilette public toilet (US rest room);der Vortrag ist öffentlich the lecture is open to the public; → Ärgernis, Interesse, Leben 6, Ordnung etcöffentliche Anleihen government securities;öffentliche Schulen state schools, US public schools;öffentliche Versorgungsbetriebe public utilities;öffentlicher Dienst public sector; (Beamtentum) civil service;ein Angestellter des öffentlichen Dienstes a public-sector employee; (Beamte) a civil servant;die öffentliche Hand the (state) authorities;von der öffentlichen Hand finanziert state-funded, paid for out of public funds;Müllbeseitigung ist eine öffentliche Aufgabe waste disposal is the responsibility of the local authority ( oder is a public service)B. adv publicly, in public; JUR in open session;öffentlich abstimmen/tagen have an open vote/meet in open session;öffentlich bekannt machen make public, announce publicly;etwas öffentlich erklären state sth in public;Missstände öffentlich anprangern launch a public attack on abuses* * *1.2.Erregung öffentlichen Ärgernisses — (Rechtsw.) creating a public nuisance
1) publicly; <perform, appear> in public2) (vom Staat usw.) publicly <funded etc.>* * *adj.public adj. adv.publicly adv. -
105 experto
adj.expert, crafty, deft, masterful.m.1 expert, old hand, ace, adept.2 expert witness.* * *► adjetivo1 expert► nombre masculino,nombre femenino1 expert* * *(f. - experta)noun adj.* * *experto, -a1.ADJ expert2.SM / F expertse dejó asesorar por un experto — he sought the advice of an expert, he sought expert advice
ser un experto en algo — to be an expert on o in sth
experto/a contable — auditor, chartered accountant
experto/a tributario/a — tax expert
* * *I- ta adjetivoIIexperto en + inf — very good at -ing
- ta masculino, femenino expertun experto en física nuclear — an authority o an expert in nuclear physics
* * *I- ta adjetivoIIexperto en + inf — very good at -ing
- ta masculino, femenino expertun experto en física nuclear — an authority o an expert in nuclear physics
* * *experto11 = expert, referee, talent, expert witness, pundit, publication referee, techie, peer reviewer, technie, leading expert, hired gun, scholar.Ex: Standard reference works and experts may be consulted.
Ex: The contributions are input to the data base, then referred and any suggestion made by the referee are communicated through the data base to the editor.Ex: The company sponsoring the award wants to find out how much can be done in terms of effective public relations and publicity using only local library talent.Ex: Appearing as an expert witness the librarian proved that, between 1943-55, a librarian following standard library practices of the time could have identified and located literature on the subject of the health effects of exposure to asbestos and the means of controlling dust in the mining and milling of asbestos.Ex: Neither pundit from the past, nor sage from the schools, neither authorised body nor inspired individual has come forward with a definition acceptable to all practising librarians as theirs and theirs alone, sharply defining them as a group.Ex: This does not imply that the abstractor becomes a publication referee, trying to second-guess decisions already made by editors.Ex: The article 'CD-ROMs for techies' profiles CD-ROM based tools providing personal computer technical support.Ex: All papers undergo blind review by external peer reviewers.Ex: The information superhighway is more than just a technies' playground.Ex: Each session will be chaired by a leading expert on the topic.Ex: Why not get a 'hired gun' who will do the job in the least time and give us the opinion we're looking for?.Ex: Under 'American scholar' he found editions published beginning, I believe, in the 1880s.* círculo de expertos = network.* comité de expertos = professional committee.* como un experto = expertly.* consultar con otro experto = get + a second opinion.* encuentro entre expertos = meeting of (the) minds.* evaluación por expertos = peer review, refereeing, peer reviewing.* evaluación por expertos abierta = open refereeing.* evaluación por expertos anónima = blind refereeing.* evaluado por expertos = peer-reviewed, expertly appraised, refereed.* evaluar por expertos = referee.* evaluar por expertos doblemente = double referee.* experto bibliotecario = library expert.* experto empresarial = industry observer.* experto en = well versed in.* experto en conservación = preservationist.* experto en desactivación de bombas = detonation expert.* experto en desactivación de explosivos = detonation expert.* experto en dietética = dietitian [dietician], diet expert.* experto en informática = computer expert.* experto en la confección de documentos web = text mark-up expert.* experto en la materia = subject expert.* experto en medicina = medical expert.* experto en nutrición = nutritionist.* experto en recursos = resource person [resource people -pl.].* experto en tecnología = technologist.* experto fiscal = fiscal officer.* experto jurídico = legal expert.* expertos, los = experienced, the.* experto técnico = technical expert.* grupo de expertos = cadre, brains trust, group of experts, network, think tank.* panel de expertos = expert panel.* predicciones de expertos = punditry.* previsiones de expertos = punditry.* procedimiento de evaluación por expertos = refereeing procedure.* pronósticos de expertos = punditry.* pronunciamientos de expertos = punditry.* reunión de expertos = expert meeting [experts' meeting].* revista evaluada por expertos = refereed journal, peer-reviewed journal.* ser un experto en = be knowledgeable about.* ser un experto en la materia = know + Posesivo + stuff.* sin ser evaluado por expertos = unrefereed.* someter a una evaluación por expertos doble = double referee.* toma de contacto entre expertos = meeting of (the) minds.experto22 = adept, experienced, master, skilled, trained, seasoned, qualified, virtuoso, expert, deft, technically minded.Ex: The machine is indeed quite adept at creating alternate access points and customized sequences.
Ex: Thus, complex and irrational arrangements can be tolerated, since only relatively experienced staff need to be able to locate items.Ex: The plot for 99.9 percent represents about the norm for good master typists.Ex: When used by skilled abstractors this mixture of styles can achieve the maximum transmission of information, within a minimum length.Ex: The WILSONDISC system appears easier to the trained searcher who can gather a great body of relevant material by using Boolean free text searching.Ex: At the same time, seasoned librarians are faced with new learning requirements for computer seaching.Ex: The projections of qualified manpower into the year 2000 are bleak for personnel based industries.Ex: An enquirer upstaged by a virtuoso parade of knowledge may be unwilling to venture into the limelight again.Ex: A situation involving the dangerous or apparently dangerous person (perhaps someone reportedly carrying a gun or knife) requires the librarian to summon expert help.Ex: In this live peformance video, Joan Sutherland's coloratura is as deft as ever.Ex: The building was without electricity for much of the day as some planned system upgrades were implemented (for the technically minded, some old gubbings were apparently replaced with sleek shiny new ones).* conocimiento experto = expertise.* enviar a un asesor experto = refer.* inexperto = naive [naïve].* mecanógrafo experto = master typist.* no experto = non-expert [nonexpert].* parecido a un sistema experto = expert-type.* persona no experta = non-scholar.* ser experto en = be skilled at.* sistema experto = expert system, knowledge-base system.* * *[ SER]:es experto en casos de divorcio he's an expert on divorce casesexperto EN + INF very good AT -INGes experta en manipular a la gente she's very good at manipulating people, she's an expert when it comes to manipulating peoplemasculine, feminineexpert experto EN algo:los expertos en explosivos the explosives expertsuna experta en la materia an authority o an expert on the subjectmira cómo lo hace, es todo un experto watch how he does it, he's a real expert o he's really good at it* * *
experto◊ -ta adjetivo: es experto en casos de divorcio he's an expert on divorce cases;
experto en hacer algo very good at doing sth
■ sustantivo masculino, femenino
expert
experto,-a sustantivo masculino y femenino expert [en, at/in]
' experto' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
canto
- como
- dictamen
- en
- experta
- interpretación
- preparada
- preparado
- profana
- profano
- autoridad
- entendido
- especialista
- perito
English:
accomplished
- adept
- authority
- connoisseur
- environmentalist
- expert
- master
- no
- oats
- practiced
- practised
- pundit
- purport
- skilled
- have
- profess
- professional
- professionally
- untrained
* * *experto, -a♦ adjexpert;es experta en temas medioambientales she's an expert on environmental matters;es experto en hacer diabluras he's an expert at getting up to mischief♦ nm,fexpert;un experto en electrónica an electronics expert;déjese aconsejar por un experto seek expert advice;¿poner pañales? ¡soy todo un experto! changing Br nappies? o US diapers? I'm quite the expert o Br a dab hand!* * *I adj expert;experto en hacer algo expert o very good at doing sth* * *experto, -ta adj & n: expert* * *experto n expertun experto en música an expert on music / a music expert -
106 власть
ж.(в разн. знач.) power, authority, ( владычество) ruleгосударственная власть — State power, State authority, the power authority of the State
исполнительная власть — executive power, executive
верховная власть — supreme sovereign power, sovereignty
быть, находиться, стоять у власти — hold* power be in power
прийти к власти достигнуть власти — come* into / to power
приход к власти — advent / accession to power
под властью кого-л. — under the dominion of smb.
подчиняться власти кого-л. — be subject to smb.
иметь власть над кем-л. — have power over smb.
превышение власти — exceeding one's powers / commission
♢
во власти кого-л. — at the mercy of smb.; in the power of smb.под властью чего-л. — ruled / swayed by smth.
ваша власть разг. — please yourself; it is up to you
не в моей, твоей и т. д. власти — beyond my, your, etc., control / power; out of my, your, etc., power
власти предержащие уст., ирон. — the powers that be
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107 тежест
1. weight(товар) load; burden(на въдица, мрежа) leadвдигане на тежести weightlifting ( за категории вж. категория)2. прен. (влияние, важност) authority, prestige, influence3. прен. heavinessтежест в главата, heaviness in the head4. (бреме, отговорност) burdenв тежест съм на be a burden toтежест на доказване юр. burden of proof* * *тѐжест,ж., -и 1. weight; ( товар) load; burden; (на въдица, мрежа) lead; вдигане на \тежести спорт. weightlifting; падам/сгромолясвам се под собствената си \тежест collapse under o.’s own weight; център на \тежестта физ. centre of gravity;2. прен. ( влияние, важност) authority, prestige, influence; ( влияние) sway; имам \тежест пред carry weight with, hold sway over, have s.o.’s ear; нямам \тежест пред cut no ice with; човек с \тежест a man that carries weight;3. прен. heaviness; \тежест в главата heaviness in the head;4. ( бреме, отговорност) burden; encumbrance; в \тежест съм на be a burden to; ( парично задължение) charge; • данъчна \тежест pressure of taxation; доказателствена \тежест юр. evidential burden; необременен с \тежести имот юр. estate freed from all encumbrances; \тежест на доказване юр. burden of proof; \тежест на произшествието застр. accident severity. \тежести върху имот юр. charges on an estate.* * *weight ; load (товар); burden ; encumbrance: centre of тежест - център на тежестта; heaviness (на въдица); onus ; ponderability ; pressure {`preSxr}; urgency ; authority (влияние, важност)* * *1. (бреме, отговорност) burden 2. (на въдица, мрежа) lead 3. (товар) load;burden 4. weight 5. ТЕЖЕСТ в главата, heaviness in the head 6. ТЕЖЕСТ на доказване юр. burden of proof 7. в ТЕЖЕСТ съм на be a burden to 8. вдигане на ТЕЖЕСТи weightlifting (за категории вж. категория) 9. имам ТЕЖЕСТ пред carry weight with 10. прен. (влияние, важност) authority, prestige, influence 11. прен. heaviness 12. център на ТЕЖЕСТта centre of gravity 13. човек с ТЕЖЕСТ a man that carries weight -
108 imperium (inp-)
imperium (inp-) ī, n [impero], a command, order, direction, injunction: meum Inperium exequi, T.: imperio parere, Cs.: Iovis, V.: imperiis deūm expositis, L.: Naturae imperio gemimus, cum, etc., Iu.—Command, authority, control, power, ascendency, sway: mitto imperium, T.: tenere imperium in suos: Reges in ipsos imperium est Iovis, H.: mater, quoius sub imperiost, mala, T.: pro imperio submovere, arbitrarily, L.: domesticum: arcesse, aut imperium fer, give the order yourself, H.: imperio pueri leonem tradere, O.: Di, quibus imperium est animarum, V.: rerum imperiis hominumque minor, subject to, H.—Supreme power, sovereignty, sway, dominion, empire, supremacy, authority: regium, S.: cupidus imperi singularis, sole dominion: Caesaris, Cs.: imperium extra ordinem dare: sub populi R. imperium dicionemque cadere: Imperium Dido regit, V.: de imperio dimicare: civitati imperium totius provinciae pollicetur, Cs.: auctoritate magis quam imperio regere, L.: Romanorum imperia perferre, dominion, Cs.: imperia legum potentiora quam hominum, L.: gravidam imperiis Italiam regere, sovereignties, V. —A public office, magistracy: cuius (consulis) in imperio, term: nec imperia expetenda: gessi maxima imperia.—Command-in-chief, supreme command, military authority: cum imperio esse: unum imperium cum ipsis habere, be under the same military head, Cs.: mercatorem cum imperio ac securibus misimus.—A dominion, realm, empire: urbes inimicissimae huic imperio: contra imperium populi R. pugnare, Cs.: Imperium Oceano qui terminet, V.: auspicia imperi Romani, Ta.: luxuria imperii, i. e. of the court, Iu.—Of persons, an authority, officer, general: sine imperio copias relinquere, Cs.: imperia et potestates, military and civil authorities: Erat plena lictorum et imperiorum provincia, Cs.—Fig., rule, control: vide, si in animis hominum regale imperium sit: coactae Imperio sexūs, i. e. ambition, Iu. -
109 beherrschen
I v/t1. (regieren über) rule (over), govern; fig. dominate (auch jemanden); (eine Familie, ein Unternehmen) auch rule (over), hold sway over, run umg.; den Luftraum beherrschen control airspace, have air supremacy; fig.: es beherrscht sein ganzes Denken it governs ( oder dominates, determines) his whole way of thinking2. fig. (im Griff haben: Lage, Fahrzeug etc.) control, be in control of, have s.th. under control; (Markt etc.) control, dominate; (Technik, Situation etc.) be in control of3. (gut können: Sprache) have a good command of, speak (fluently); (Musikinstrument) have complete command of; (Handwerk) have mastered; (sich angeeignet haben: Regeln, Übung etc.) have internalized; seine Schwester beherrscht drei Fremdsprachen his sister speaks three foreign languages4. (zügeln: Leidenschaften etc.) (keep under) control5. (überragen, bestimmen) command, dominate, tower ( oder soar) above; alte Eichen beherrschen die Landschaft the landscape is dominated by ancient oaksII v/refl control o.s., restrain o.s.; beherrsch dich ( bloß)! get yourself under control; sie kann sich gut / schlecht beherrschen she keeps herself / cannot keep herself under control; sie kann sich nicht beherrschen auch she just can’t hold back; (wird schnell wütend) she has a quick temper; ich kann mich beherrschen! umg. iro. (ablehnend) you’ll be lucky!; stärker: not likely!* * *(dominieren) to rule; to dominate; to govern;(kontrollieren) to control; to possess;(können) to know* * *be|hẹrr|schen ptp behe\#rrscht1. vt1) (= herrschen über) to rule, to govern; (fig Gefühle, Vorstellungen) to dominateSee:→ Feld4) (= gut können) Handwerk, Sprache, Instrument, Tricks, Spielregeln to master5) (= bewältigen) Situation to have control of2. vrto control oneselfich kann mich beherrschen! (iro inf) — not likely! (inf)
See:→ auch beherrscht* * *1) (to direct or guide; to have power or authority over: The captain controls the whole ship; Control your dog!) control2) (to hold back; to restrain (oneself or one's emotions etc): Control yourself!) control4) (to become skilful in: I don't think I'll ever master arithmetic.) master* * *be·herr·schen *I. vt1. (gut können)sein Handwerk \beherrschen to be good at [or skilled in] one's tradesie beherrscht ihr Handwerk she's good at what she doesein Instrument \beherrschen to play an instrument well, to have mastered an instrumentdie Spielregeln \beherrschen to know [or have learnt] the rules welleine Sprache \beherrschen to have good command of a languagealle Tricks \beherrschen to know all the tricksetw gerade so \beherrschen to have just about mastered [or fam got the hang of] sthetw gut/perfekt \beherrschen to have mastered sth well/perfectlyetw aus dem Effeff \beherrschen (fam) to know sth inside out2. (als Herrscher regieren)▪ jdn/etw \beherrschen to rule sb/sth3. (handhaben)▪ etw \beherrschen to control sthein Fahrzeug \beherrschen to have control over a vehicle4. (prägen, dominieren)▪ etw \beherrschen to dominate sthein \beherrschender Eindruck/eine \beherrschende Erscheinung a dominant impression/figure5. (zügeln)▪ etw \beherrschen to control sthseine Emotionen/Gefühle/Leidenschaften \beherrschen to control one's emotions/feelings/passions6. (unter dem Einfluss von etw stehen)von seinen Gefühlen beherrscht werden to be ruled [or governed] by one's emotions* * *1.transitives Verb1) ruleden Markt beherrschen — dominate or control the market
3) (bestimmen, dominieren) dominate <townscape, landscape, discussions, relationship>2.reflexives Verb control oneselfich kann mich beherrschen — (iron.) I can resist the temptation (iron.)
* * *A. v/t1. (regieren über) rule (over), govern; fig dominate (auch jemanden); (eine Familie, ein Unternehmen) auch rule (over), hold sway over, run umg;den Luftraum beherrschen control airspace, have air supremacy; fig:2. fig (im Griff haben: Lage, Fahrzeug etc) control, be in control of, have sth under control; (Markt etc) control, dominate; (Technik, Situation etc) be in control of3. (gut können: Sprache) have a good command of, speak (fluently); (Musikinstrument) have complete command of; (Handwerk) have mastered; (sich angeeignet haben: Regeln, Übung etc) have internalized;seine Schwester beherrscht drei Fremdsprachen his sister speaks three foreign languages4. (zügeln: Leidenschaften etc) (keep under) controlalte Eichen beherrschen die Landschaft the landscape is dominated by ancient oaksB. v/r control o.s., restrain o.s.;beherrsch dich (bloß)! get yourself under control;sie kann sich gut/schlecht beherrschen she keeps herself/cannot keep herself under control;sie kann sich nicht beherrschen auch she just can’t hold back; (wird schnell wütend) she has a quick temper;* * *1.transitives Verb1) ruleden Markt beherrschen — dominate or control the market
3) (bestimmen, dominieren) dominate <townscape, landscape, discussions, relationship>2.reflexives Verb control oneselfich kann mich beherrschen — (iron.) I can resist the temptation (iron.)
* * *v.to control v.to rule v. -
110 подчиняться общему собранию
General subject: be under the authority of the general meeting (напр. о председателе), remain under the authority of the general meeting (напр. о председателе)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > подчиняться общему собранию
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111 Antrag
Antrag m 1. GEN, SOZ claim, application; 2. RECHT petition, motion, proposal; 3. PAT request; 4. POL motion • Anträge gelten bei Stimmengleichheit als abgelehnt POL motions fail on tie votes • auf Antrag 1. GEN upon application, upon request; 2. PERS, SOZ on application • der Antrag gilt noch immer GEN, POL the proposal still stands • einen Antrag ablehnen 1. GEN reject a request; 2. RECHT dismiss a motion • einen Antrag bei der zuständigen Behörde stellen GEN make a request to the appropriate authority for sth • einen Antrag bewilligen PERS, SOZ allow a claim • einen Antrag einbringen POL (BE) (frml) table a motion • einen Antrag stellen 1. POL (BE) (frml) table a motion; 2. PERS make a claim, register a claim, apply for; 3. SOZ make a claim for benefit; 4. VERSICH file a claim • einen Antrag stellen auf GEN make an application for* * *m 1. <Geschäft, Sozial> claim, application; 2. < Recht> petition, motion, proposal; 3. < Patent> request; 4. < Pol> motion ■ Antrag auf Leistungen stellen < Sozial> Unterstützungszahlungen usw. claim benefit ■ auf Antrag < Geschäft> upon application, upon request ■ der Antrag gilt noch immer <Geschäft, Pol> the proposal still stands ■ einen Antrag ablehnen 1. < Geschäft> reject a request; 2. < Recht> dismiss a motion ■ Anträge gelten bei Stimmengleichheit als abgelehnt < Pol> motions fail on tie votes ■ einen Antrag bei der zuständigen Behörde stellen < Geschäft> make a request to the appropriate authority for sth ■ einen Antrag bewilligen <Person, Sozial> allow a claim ■ einen Antrag einbringen < Pol> table a motion (BE) frml ■ einen Antrag stellen 1. < Pol> table a motion (BE) frml ; 2. < Person> make a claim, register a claim, apply for; 3. < Sozial> make a claim for benefit; 4. < Versich> file a claim ■ einen Antrag stellen auf < Geschäft> make an application for* * *Antrag
(Börse) marrying (Br.), (Gesuch) application, petition, request, (Hauptversammlung) requisition, (Offerte) tender, (parl.) motion, (Vorschlag) proposal, proposition;
• auf Antrag einer Partei ex parte (lat.);
• auf Antrag des Schuldners upon the application of the debtor;
• als rechtlich unbegründet abgewiesener Antrag motion denied on law (US);
• angenommener Antrag motion carried;
• vorrangig zu behandelnder Antrag motion having priority;
• formeller Antrag formal application;
• ordnungsgemäßer Antrag legal demand;
• schriftlicher Antrag mailed (US) (written) application, application in writing;
• zurückgezogener Antrag abandoned (dropped) motion;
• Antrag auf schriftliche Abstimmung nach Kapitalanteilen demand for a poll;
• Antrag auf Aufhebung des Konkursverfahrens petition for discharge (US);
• Antrag auf Behandlung des nächsten Tagesordnungspunktes next-business motion;
• Antrag auf Bestellung eines Konkursverwalters application for receiver;
• Antrag auf offizielle Einführung von Aktien an der Börse application for official quotation (Br.) (listing, US) on the stock exchange;
• Antrag auf Einsichtnahme requisition for a search;
• Antrag auf Einstellung des Verfahrens motion to arrest a judgment;
• Antrag auf Erteilung einer Gewerbelizenz (auf Geschäftseröffnung) business application;
• Antrag zur Geschäftsordnung procedural motion;
• Antrag auf ein Hypothekendarlehen mortgage loan application;
• Antrag auf Konkurseröffnung petition in bankruptcy, bankruptcy petition;
• Antrag auf Liquidation der Gesellschaft winding-up petition;
• Antrag auf Offenlegung und Urkundenvorlage bill of discovery;
• Antrag zur Sache (parl.) substantive motion;
• Antrag auf Schadenersatz claim for damages;
• Antrag auf [Sozial]leistungen request for benefits;
• Antrag auf Vertagung motion to adjourn;
• Antrag auf Zuteilung von Wertpapieren application for allotment, letter of application (Br.);
• Antrag ablehnen to defeat (reject, dismiss, deny, vote down, throw out, overrule) a motion;
• über einen Antrag abstimmen to put a motion to the vote;
• Antrag abweisen to deny a motion;
• Antrag annehmen (parl.) to carry (adopt) a motion;
• sich gegen einen Antrag aussprechen to oppose a motion;
• Antrag bewilligen to grant an application;
• Antrag zur Annahme bringen (durchbringen) to carry a motion;
• Antrag einreichen to file a petition;
• Antrag auf die Tagesordnung setzen to put a resolution on the record;
• einem Antrag stattgeben to grant a petition;
• Antrag stellen to file a motion, to make an application;
• Antrag auf Eröffnung des Vergleichs- und Sanierungsverfahrens stellen to file a petition for reorganization under Chapter 10 (US) (to reorganize under the Bankruptcy Act);
• Antrag auf Geschäftsaufsicht stellen to make application for receivership, to petition for the appointment of a receiver (US);
• Antrag auf Konkurseröffnung (Erlass eines Konkurseröffnungsbeschlusses) stellen to file a petition [for a receiving order] in bankruptcy, to petition the court to make a receiving order, to strike a docket, (gegen j.) to initiate bankruptcy proceedings against s. o.;
• Antrag auf Zurückstellung der Sacherörterung stellen to move that the meeting postpone consideration of subject;
• Antrag auf unbestimmte Zeit zurückstellen to shelve a motion;
• Antrag zurückziehen to drop a motion.
durchbringen, Antrag
to get a resolution adopted;
• sich ehrlich durchbringen to make an honest living;
• Geld durchbringen to dissipate, to squander, to waste;
• Kandidaten durchbringen to run in a candidate (coll.);
• alle Kinder allein durchbringen to rear one’s children all by o. s.;
• sich kümmerlich durchbringen to scrape a living, to scruff;
• sein ganzes Vermögen durchbringen to run through one’s fortune. -
112 Rahmen
Rahmen m 1. COMP rack; 2. KOMM frame (Datenübertragung, Website-Design (Bildschirmbereich)); 3. GEN, FIN framework • im Rahmen von GEN within the framework of, in the context of, through* * *m 1. < Comp> rack; 2. < Komm> Datenübertragung, Website-Design (Bildschirmbereich) frame; 3. <Geschäft, Finanz> framework ■ im Rahmen von < Geschäft> within the framework of, in the context of, through* * *Rahmen
(Bereich) frame, scope, limits, (Gefüge) framework, structure, (Zeitung) box;
• außerhalb des Rahmens von jds. Vertretungsmacht beyond the scope of s. one’s express authority;
• im Rahmen von within the limits of;
• im kleinen Rahmen small-scale;
• im Rahmen eines Abkommens under an agreement;
• im Rahmen seiner [amtlichen] Aufgaben within the scope of one’s functions;
• im Rahmen der Geldmarktregulierung under its money market regulating arrangements;
• im Rahmen der Geschäftstätigkeit within the scope of the partnership business;
• im Rahmen des Geschäftsüblichen within the usual course of business;
• im Rahmen einer Sonderregelung with a special scheme;
• im Rahmen seiner Tätigkeit during the carrying out of his duties;
• im Rahmen der Vorjahresentwicklung about the same as in the previous year;
• geplanter Rahmen budgeted level;
• gesetzlicher Rahmen legal framework;
• Rahmen für Lohnerhöhungen range of wage increases;
• Rahmen einer Versicherungspolice framework of policy;
• als Rahmen dienen to serve as the setting;
• im Rahmen der Schlüsselgewalt handeln (Ehefrau) to pledge her husband’s credit for necessaries;
• im Rahmen seiner Vertretungsbefugnisse handeln to act within the scope of one’s authority;
• im Rahmen seiner Vollmachten handeln to act intra vires;
• im Rahmen seiner Arbeit liegen to fall within the scope of s. one’s work;
• im Rahmen des üblichen Geschäftsverkehrs liegen to be incidental to the normal activity of a business;
• im Rahmen des Möglichen liegen to lie within the scope of possible events;
• im Rahmen von jds. finanziellen Möglichkeiten liegen to be within the reach of s. one’s pocket;
• im Rahmen seiner Tätigkeit liegen to fall within the scope of one's work;
• Rahmenabkommen skeleton (master, basic) agreement;
• allgemeines Rahmenabkommen general framework agreement;
• Rahmenbedingungen parameters;
• stabile politische Rahmenbedingungen stable political framework;
• unternehmerfreundliche Rahmenbedingungen favo(u)rable conditions for entrepreneurs;
• Rahmenbeschluss framework decision;
• Rahmenfrachtabkommen master freight agreement;
• Rahmenfrist basic period;
• Rahmengebühr skeleton due (fee);
• Rahmengeschichte frame story;
• Rahmengesetz skeleton bill, omnibus act;
• Rahmenkreditkontingent credit line quota;
• Rahmenkreditvertrag underlying agreement, working plan;
• Rahmenlizenz open licence (license, US);
• Rahmenorganisation skeleton organization, cadre;
• Rahmenpersonal skeleton staff;
• Rahmenpolice (Lebensversicherung) master policy;
• Rahmenprogramm framework program(me);
• festes Rahmenprogramm (Rundfunk) across-the-board program(me);
• Rahmentagesordnung skeleton agenda;
• Rahmentarif (Lohnabkommen) skeleton wage agreement;
• Rahmentarifvertrag industry-wide (master, model) agreement;
• Rahmenübereinkommen der Vereinten Nationen über Klimaveränderungen UN Framework Convention on Climate Change;
• Rahmenverbot (Gerichtsanordnung) blanket injunction;
• Rahmenvereinbarung outline agreement;
• Rahmenvereinbarung über eine neue Arbeitsorganisation abschließen to enter into framework agreements on the reorganisation of work;
• Rahmenvertrag skeleton (basic) agreement, basic contract, general pact;
• Rahmenvertragsergänzung (Zollwesen) blanket tariff supplement;
• Rahmenvorschrift general rule. -
113 Stellung
Stellung f 1. BÖRSE position, rank, standing, status; 2. PERS job, position, post, situation, sit.; 3. ADMIN position, status • jmdn. aus seiner Stellung verdrängen PERS oust sb from their job • sich um eine Stellung bewerben PERS apply for a job, apply for a post, put in a job application (Arbeitsmarkt)* * *f 1. < Börse> position, rank, standing, status; 2. < Person> job, position, post, situation (sit.) ; 3. < Verwalt> position, status ■ jmdn. aus seiner Stellung verdrängen < Person> oust sb from their job ■ sich um eine Stellung bewerben < Person> Arbeitsmarkt apply for a job, apply for a post, put in a job application* * *Stellung
position, post, place, job, employ[ment], engagement, station, occupation, level, berth (Br.), assignment, (Anordnung) arrangement, (Ansehen) [social] standing, position, rank, status, state, walk, (Funktion) character, capacity, (Platz) place, position, location;
• für eine Stellung qualifiziert qualified for an appointment;
• in amtlicher Stellung in commission;
• in angesehener Stellung of good position;
• in Aufsicht führender Stellung in supervisory capacity;
• in einflussreicher Stellung in the saddle;
• in führender Stellung at executive level, in the highest flight;
• in einer guten Stellung well-positioned, in good bread;
• in einer hohen Stellung in a high position;
• in leitender Stellung in a managerial capacity, at executive level;
• in meiner Stellung als Botschafter in my capacity as ambassador;
• in seiner Stellung als... in his character of...;
• in ungekündigter Stellung not under notice;
• in unsicherer Stellung unsettled;
• ohne Stellung unplaced, out-of-situation (Br.), out of a job, unemployed;
• unter Missbrauch seiner amtlichen Stellung under colo(u)r of one’s office;
• Stellung gesucht (Zeitung) [situations] wanted;
• amtliche Stellung official position, public function;
• angesehene Stellung reputable employment, well-established position;
• ausbaufähige Stellung position with good prospects, developable position;
• ausschlaggebende Stellung post of commanding importance;
• aussichtsreiche Stellung job with good prospects;
• beamtenähnliche Stellung quasi-official position;
• beruflich bedeutsame Stellung career position;
• begehrenswerte Stellung plum;
• mit besonderen Risiken behaftete Stellung sensitive position;
• beherrschende Stellung (mil.) commanding (dominating) position, controlling power;
• bequeme Stellung fat job;
• berufliche Stellung business standing (position);
• besoldete Stellung salaried position;
• gut bezahlte Stellung well-paid position;
• schlecht bezahlte Stellung badly paid situation;
• voll bezahlte Stellung full-time job;
• hoch dotierte (hoch bezahlte) Stellung high-paying position, highly paid job;
• einflussreiche Stellung post of authority, position of influence;
• einträgliche Stellung snug job;
• feste Stellung stable position, permanent position (job), perch;
• finanzielle Stellung capital rating;
• führende Stellung managerial occupation, head;
• geachtete Stellung respectability;
• gehobene Stellung advanced position;
• gehobenere Stellung elevated (senior) position, high-level job (US);
• gesellschaftliche Stellung social standing (position), [social] status, station of life, position [in society], conditions;
• gesicherte Stellung permanent position;
• günstige Stellung advantageous position;
• gute Stellung good place (billet);
• hohe Stellung high position;
• höhere Stellung eminence;
• leitende Stellung key position (post), policymaking (senior, executive, leading, managerial, US, management, managing) position, administrative post;
• marktbeherrschende Stellung [dominant] market power;
• uneingeschränkt marktbeherrschende Stellung absolute monopoly;
• niedrige Stellung inferior (subordinate) position, juniority;
• obrigkeitliche Stellung magisterial rank;
• passende Stellung suitable employment;
• pensionsberechtigte Stellung pensionable employment (post);
• rechtliche Stellung [legal] status;
• schlechtere Stellung inferior position;
• selbstständige Stellung occupation of a professional nature;
• sichere Stellung sound position, foothold;
• soziale Stellung social station (position, standing), status, walk of life, rank, class;
• unbedeutende Stellung inferior position;
• unkündbare Stellung permanent tenure (appointment, assignment, position);
• untergeordnete Stellung subordinated (lower, inferior) position, juniority;
• verantwortungsvolle Stellung responsible position, position of responsibility (authority);
• gesellschaftlich verbesserte Stellung improvement in one’s social condition;
• vorübergehende Stellung temporary position (post);
• Stellung eines Antrags filing of an application;
• Stellung als ungelernter Arbeiter labo(u)ring job;
• Stellung ohne Aufstiegsmöglichkeiten blind-alley job;
• Stellung im Beruf occupational position;
• höchste Stellungen in einer Berufssparte prizes of a profession;
• Stellung in der Betriebshierarchie relative position within the organizational chart;
• führende Stellung in der Gemeinde position of community leadership;
• Stellung mit Härtezulage hardship post;
• Stellung des Verbrauchers consumer’s role;
• Stellung ablehnen to turn down a job;
• pensionsberechtigte Stellung anbieten to offer employment on a pensionable basis;
• Stellung annehmen to accept (take) a position, to take a job;
• Stellung antreten to enter upon (take) office, to start on a job, to take up one’s post (a position);
• neue Stellung antreten to take a new situation (position);
• seine Stellung aufgeben to leave (give up) one’s position (job), to relinquish one’s appointment, to throw up (quit, US) one’s job, to turn one’s job in, to fling (pack) up one’s job, to step out;
• Stellung wieder aufnehmen to re-enter an employment;
• seine Stellung befestigen to strengthen one’s position;
• seine Stellung behalten to retain one’s position, to hold down a job (US);
• seine Stellung behaupten to hold one’s own;
• seine Stellung im technologischen Wettbewerb behaupten to keep up in the technology race;
• Stellung beibehalten to stay on the job;
• Stellung bekleiden to fill a position, to hold an office (a place);
• in einem Unternehmen eine einflussreiche Stellung bekleiden to play an influential rôle at corporate level;
• hohe Stellung bekleiden to be high in office;
• Stellung bekommen to obtain a position;
• gute Stellung bekommen to drop into a position;
• Stellung durch Beziehungen bekommen to secure an office through one’s pull;
• j. in seiner Stellung belassen to maintain s. o. in a position;
• sich mit allen Mitteln um eine Stellung bemühen to make every effort to get a job;
• j. in eine Stellung berufen to appoint s. o. to an office;
• Stellung besetzen to man a position;
• Stellung für j. besorgen to find a post for s. o. (s. o. a job), to land s. o. a job, to fix s. o. up with a job;
• sich um eine Stellung bewerben to try (apply) for a [vacant] post (position), to put in for a job (post), to run for an office;
• j. um seine Stellung bringen to do (kick) s. o. out of his job;
• sich für eine Stellung in Vorschlag bringen to offer o. s. for a post;
• führende Stellung einnehmen to hold a high-level position;
• j. wieder in seine frühere Stellung einsetzen to reinstate s. o. in his former office;
• j. seiner Stellung entheben to dismiss s. o. from a post;
• Stellung erhalten to get a situation;
• gute Stellung erlangen to drop into a position;
• jds. Stellung festigen to assure s. one’s position;
• seine Stellung festigen to consolidate one’s position, to raise one’s reputation;
• Stellung finden to find work, to land a job;
• Stellung im Ausland finden to find a situation abroad;
• vorteilhafte Stellung finden to find a lodgment;
• in eine führende Stellung gelangen to move up to an executive position;
• erstklassige (glänzende) Stellung haben to have a first-rate position (fine job);
• gute Stellung haben to be in good position, to have a snug berth (Br.);
• keine Stellung haben to be out of a situation;
• Stellung im Ausland haben to work on assignment;
• Stellung in Aussicht haben to have a job in prospect;
• seine Stellung als Handelsplatz eingebüßt haben to have lost its dominating position as a trading center (centre, Br.);
• seine Stellung halten to hold the pass (down a job, US);
• Stellung offen halten to keep a job open;
• sich in eine Stellung hineindrängen to edge one’s way into a job;
• sich in eine gute Stellung hineinmogeln to manoeuvre for position (fam.);
• bedeutsame Stellung innehaben to hold a prominent position;
• seine Stellung kündigen to give notice to one’s employer;
• den Erfordernissen einer Stellung Genüge leisten to have the necessary qualifications for a post;
• Stellung nehmen to adopt an attitude;
• zu einer Frage Stellung nehmen to take position on a question;
• zu einer Mietkündigung ordnungsgemäß Stellung nehmen to serve an appropriate counternotice;
• zu einem Problem als Steuerzahler Stellung nehmen to view a matter from the taxpayer’s standpoint;
• in abhängiger Stellung sein to be in a subordinate position;
• in beamteter Stellung sein to hold an office;
• ohne Stellung sein to be out of a job, to be thrown out of employment;
• in untergeordneter Stellung sein to be in inferior position;
• für seine Stellung geeignet sein to be fit for one’s job, to be fitted for a post;
• Stellung suchen to want a situation;
• Stellung mit guten Aufstiegsmöglichkeiten suchen to seek a situation with a future;
• sich nach einer Stellung umsehen to look for a job;
• j. in einer Stellung unterbringen to find a situation for s. o.;
• sich in seiner Stellung verbessern to improve one’s situation;
• seine Stellung Beziehungen (Protektion) verdanken to owe one’s position to influence, to get a job by push;
• j. aus seiner Stellung verdrängen to edge s. o. out of his job;
• jem. zu einer besseren Stellung verhelfen to assist s. o. in advancing his position;
• seine Stellung verlieren to lose (fall from) one’s position (job), to be thrown out of employment, to forfeit one’s place;
• jem. eine Stellung verschaffen to put s. o. onto a job;
• sich durch Beziehungen eine Stellung verschaffen to pull the wires for office;
• sich die für eine Stellung notwendigen Kenntnisse verschaffen to fit o. s. out for a post;
• sich mit List und Tücke eine Stellung verschaffen to push one’s way into a job;
• jem. durch unlautere (unsaubere) Machenschaften (Schiebung) eine gute Stellung verschaffen to create a job for s. o.;
• jem. eine gute Stellung versprechen to ensure s. o. a good post;
• seine Stellung wechseln to change one’s position;
• in eine Stellung mit höherem Verantwortungsbereich befördert werden to be promoted to heavier responsibilities;
• einem Angestellten seine alte Stellung wiedergeben to restore an employee to his old post. -
114 handeln
I v/i1. act; (in Aktion treten) take action; (verfahren) proceed; (sich verhalten) behave; die handelnden Personen in einem Buch, Film etc.: the characters; eigenmächtig / selbstsüchtig etc. handeln act on one’s own authority, take the law into one’s own hands / act selfishly; gut / schlecht etc. an jemandem oder gegen jemanden handeln treat s.o. well / badly, behave well / badly toward(s) s.o.; nicht reden, handeln! stop talking and do something!; sie hat in Notwehr gehandelt she acted in self-defen|ce (Am. -se); rasches Handeln ist nötig swift action is necessary2. (Handel treiben) trade ( mit with s.o., in s.th.), deal (in s.th.); (feilschen) bargain (um ein Objekt: for; einen Preis: over), haggle (over) pej.; mit sich handeln lassen be open to offers; fig. be prepared to discuss things, be open to persuasion4. unpers.: es handelt sich um it’s a question ( oder matter) of, it concerns; es handelt sich um Folgendes the thing ( oder situation etc.) is (this); es handelt sich darum, ob / wann etc. the question is whether / where etc.; gerade darum handelt es sich ja that’s (just) the point; wenn es sich darum handelt zu helfen etc. when it comes to helping etc.; worum handelt es sich? bei der Sache etc.: what’s it about?; (was willst du) what’s the problem?II v/t: an der Börse gehandelt werden be traded ( oder listed) on the stock exchange; zu oder für 10 Dollar gehandelt werden Waren: be selling for 10 dollars; Aktien: be trading (od. be being traded) at 10 dollars; sie wird als neue Direktorin gehandelt fig. she’s being talked about as the new director, her name is being mentioned in connection with a directorship—[‘hεnd’ln] v/t Sl.: wie wird das gehandelt? what do you do with it?, how do you use it?; der neue Drucker ist einfach zu handeln the new printer is easy to handle* * *das Handelnaction* * *Hạn|delnnt -s,no pl1) (= Feilschen) bargaining, haggling2) (= das Handeltreiben) tradingdas Handeln mit Antiquitäten — trading or dealing in antiques
4) (= das Tätigwerden) action* * *1) (to do something: It's time the government acted to lower taxes.) act2) (something done: Action, not talking, is necessary if we are to defeat the enemy; Take action immediately; The firemen are ready to go into action.) action3) (to argue about or discuss a price etc: I bargained with him and finally got the price down.) bargain4) (to do business, especially to buy and sell: I think he deals in stocks and shares.) deal5) (activity: In this play there is a lot of discussion but not much movement.) movement6) ((often with in or with) to buy and sell: They made a lot of money by trading; They trade in fruit and vegetables.) trade7) (to deal or trade in, especially illegally or dishonestly: They were trafficking in smuggled goods.) traffic* * *Han·deln<-s>[ˈhandl̩n]1. (Feilschen) haggling2. (das Handeltreiben) tradingdas \Handeln mit Drogen ist verboten drug trafficking is against the law4. (das Tätigwerden) action\Handeln auf eigene Gefahr acting at one's own risk\Handeln im eigenen Namen acting in one's own name\Handeln in fremdem Namen acting in the name of another\Handeln unter fremdem Namen acting under an assumed name\Handeln auf eigene Rechnung trading on one's own account\Handeln unter falschem Recht acting under false lawfahrlässiges/gesetzeswidriges \Handeln acting negligently/unlawfully* * *das; Handelns1) (das Feilschen) haggling; bargaining2) (das Eingreifen) action3) (Verhalten) action[s pl.]* * *handeln1A. v/idie handelnden Personen in einem Buch, Film etc: the characters;eigenmächtig/selbstsüchtig etchandeln act on one’s own authority, take the law into one’s own hands/act selfishly;gut/schlecht etcgegen jemanden handeln treat sb well/badly, behave well/badly toward(s) sb;nicht reden, handeln! stop talking and do something!;sie hat in Notwehr gehandelt she acted in self-defence (US -se);rasches Handeln ist nötig swift action is necessary2. (Handel treiben) trade (mit sich handeln lassen be open to offers; fig be prepared to discuss things, be open to persuasion3.4. unpers:es handelt sich darum, ob/wann etc the question is whether/where etc;gerade darum handelt es sich ja that’s (just) the point;B. v/t:zu oderfür 10 Dollar gehandelt werden Waren: be selling for 10 dollars; Aktien: be trading ( oder be being traded) at 10 dollars;sie wird als neue Direktorin gehandelt fig she’s being talked about as the new director, her name is being mentioned in connection with a directorshiphandeln2 [ˈhɛndln] v/t sl:wie wird das gehandelt? what do you do with it?, how do you use it?;der neue Drucker ist einfach zu handeln the new printer is easy to handle* * *das; Handelns1) (das Feilschen) haggling; bargaining2) (das Eingreifen) action3) (Verhalten) action[s pl.]* * *(mit) v.to do business expr.to trade v. (Maßnahmen ergreifen) v.to act v.to take action expr. v.to act v.to act in place of expr.to deal v.to negotiate v. -
115 Militärhoheit
* * *unter Militärhoheit auch under military command -
116 unterstehen
un|ter|ste|hen [ʊntɐ'ʃteːən] ptp untersta\#nden [ʊntɐ'ʃtandn] insep irreg1. vi +dat(= unterstellt sein) to be under (the control of); jdm to be subordinate to; einer Behörde, dem Ministerium to come under (the jurisdiction of); dem Gesetz to be subject to; (in Firma) to report tounterstéhen — to be under sb's supervision
dem Verkaufsdirektor unterstéhen sechs Abteilungsleiter — the sales director is in charge of six departmental heads
2. vr(= wagen) to dare, to have the audacitywas unterstéhen Sie sich! — how dare you!
* * *un·ter·ste·hen *1[ʊntɐˈʃte:ən]I. vi▪ jdm/etw \unterstehen to be subordinate to sb/sth, to come under sb's/sth's controlder Abteilungsleiterin \unterstehen 17 Mitarbeiter seventeen employees report to the departmental headjds Befehl \unterstehen to be under sb's commandständiger Kontrolle \unterstehen to be subject to constant checksII. vrer hat sich tatsächlich unterstanden, uns zu drohen? he actually dared to threaten us?untersteh dich! don't you dare!was \unterstehen Sie sich! how dare you!un·ter|ste·hen2[ˈʊntɐʃte:ən]vi irreg Hilfsverb: haben SÜDD, ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ to take shelter [or cover]es hat so stark geregnet, dass wir eine ganze Weile \unterstehen mussten it rained so heavily that we had to take shelter for quite a while* * *1.unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb2.jemandem unterstehen — be subordinate or answerable to somebody
unregelmäßiges reflexives Verb dareuntersteh dich! — [don't] you dare!
* * *unter'stehen (irr, untrennb, hat)A. v/i:jemandes Aufsicht unterstehen be under sb, be answerable to sb; WIRTSCH und amtlich: auch report to sb;einem Gesetz unterstehen be subject to a law;einer Behörde etcunterstehen come under an authority etcB. v/r dare;unterstehen Sie sich! don’t you dare!;was unterstehen Sie sich? how dare you?'unterstehen v/i (irr, trennb, ist -ge-) shelter, take shelter* * *1.unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb2.jemandem unterstehen — be subordinate or answerable to somebody
unregelmäßiges reflexives Verb dareuntersteh dich! — [don't] you dare!
* * *v.to be subject to expr.to be subordinate to expr. -
117 acusación
f.1 accusation, impeachment, accusal, arraignment.2 finger-pointing, prosecution, accusation.* * *1 accusation2 DERECHO charge\acta de acusación indictmentacusación particular DERECHO private prosecutor* * *noun f.1) accusation, charge2) prosecution* * *SF (=inculpación) accusation; (Jur) (=cargo) charge, indictment; (=acusador) prosecutionacusación particular, la acusación particular — (the counsel for) the prosecution
* * *1)a) ( imputación) accusationb) (Der) charge2) ( parte)* * *= charge, impeachment, accusation, arraignment, exposure, denouncement, prosecution, indictment, denunciation, imputation.Ex. No less prestigious an authority than a Royal Commission was appointed to inquire into the charges brought against the man principally responsible for that volume.Ex. Enter the official proceedings and records of criminal trial, impeachment, courts-martial, etc., under the heading for the person or body prosecuted.Ex. In an attempt to provide counter-evidence to the accusation that the literature of gays is not being represented in library collections a study was conducted.Ex. Children charged with offense are usually at risk of detention between the time of arraignment and the time of hearing.Ex. This book is an uncompromising exposure of the ideological mist that envelops romantics and romanticists.Ex. The second document is a denouncement of slavery by Greenwich, who mobilizes the best tradition of scriptural exegesis to make his case.Ex. This article describes the legal consequences of the perpetration of these crimes and procedural aspects of their prosecution.Ex. Enter indictments as instructed in rule 21.36C1.Ex. These denunciations make libraries look both sanctimonious and hypocritical for trying to save the world when they have failed to put ther own house in order.Ex. The imputation was totally without basis and was motivated purely by malice.----* acusaciones = criminal charges.* acusaciones de delito criminal = criminal charges.* acusación + hacer = accusation + level.* retirar una acusación = drop + a charge.* suspender una acusación = stay + charge.* * *1)a) ( imputación) accusationb) (Der) charge2) ( parte)* * *= charge, impeachment, accusation, arraignment, exposure, denouncement, prosecution, indictment, denunciation, imputation.Ex: No less prestigious an authority than a Royal Commission was appointed to inquire into the charges brought against the man principally responsible for that volume.
Ex: Enter the official proceedings and records of criminal trial, impeachment, courts-martial, etc., under the heading for the person or body prosecuted.Ex: In an attempt to provide counter-evidence to the accusation that the literature of gays is not being represented in library collections a study was conducted.Ex: Children charged with offense are usually at risk of detention between the time of arraignment and the time of hearing.Ex: This book is an uncompromising exposure of the ideological mist that envelops romantics and romanticists.Ex: The second document is a denouncement of slavery by Greenwich, who mobilizes the best tradition of scriptural exegesis to make his case.Ex: This article describes the legal consequences of the perpetration of these crimes and procedural aspects of their prosecution.Ex: Enter indictments as instructed in rule 21.36C1.Ex: These denunciations make libraries look both sanctimonious and hypocritical for trying to save the world when they have failed to put ther own house in order.Ex: The imputation was totally without basis and was motivated purely by malice.* acusaciones = criminal charges.* acusaciones de delito criminal = criminal charges.* acusación + hacer = accusation + level.* retirar una acusación = drop + a charge.* suspender una acusación = stay + charge.* * *A1 (imputación) accusationuna serie de acusaciones contra el gobierno a series of accusations against the government2 ( Der) chargenegó la acusación he denied the chargeun crimen sobre el cual no existe ninguna acusación formal a crime for which no-one has ever been chargedformular una acusación contra algn to bring charges against sbB(parte): la acusación the prosecutionCompuesto:private prosecution* * *
acusación sustantivo femenino
b) (Der) charge
acusación sustantivo femenino
1 accusation: sus acusaciones me irritaron profundamente, their accusations irritated me deeply
2 Jur (cargo) charge (fiscalía, abogados) prosecution: la acusación presentó pruebas convincentes, the prosecution presented the court with some conclusive evidence
' acusación' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
cuento
- gravitar
- negación
- temeraria
- temerario
- concreto
- desmentir
- negar
- negativa
English:
accusation
- acquit
- bum rap
- case
- charge
- deny
- ill-founded
- indictment
- prosecution
- repudiate
- witness
- allegation
- grand
- prosecutor
* * *acusación nf1. [inculpación] accusation;Der charge;verter acusaciones (contra alguien) to make accusations (against sb);negó todas las acusaciones she denied all the charges;fueron juzgados bajo la acusación de terrorismo they were tried for having committed terrorist offencesacusación particular private action;la acusación popular = the prosecution which acts on behalf of pressure groups and other interested bodies in cases of public interest* * *f accusation* * *1) : accusation, charge2)la acusación : the prosecution* * *acusación n accusation -
118 alfeñique
m.1 barley sugar, stick of barley sugar, sugar paste, almond paste.2 skinny person, feeble person, thin and weak person, weed.* * *1 (pasta) sugar paste* * *SM1) (=persona débil) weakling2) (=afectación) affectation3) (Culin) toffee-like paste, almond-flavoured o (EEUU) -flavored sugar paste* * ** * *= weakling, runt, nesh, weedy [weedier -comp., weediest -sup.], wimp, softy [softie].Ex. According to Safire, when a slice a cake was put before him Putin said 'Sweets are for weaklings and children'.Ex. Under the same regimens of treatment the number of runts produced varied from none to as much as 80 per cent of the litter.Ex. Usually, half of us would sleep on the ground outside and the other half would go for the nesh option of sleeping in a tent or hut.Ex. Shock as boofy blokes beat weedy intellectual in popularity contest.Ex. I am the wimpiest wimp who ever wimped when it comes to surgery.Ex. She has a tendency to be a softy, although she does carry the brunt of the authority in the household.* * ** * *= weakling, runt, nesh, weedy [weedier -comp., weediest -sup.], wimp, softy [softie].Ex: According to Safire, when a slice a cake was put before him Putin said 'Sweets are for weaklings and children'.
Ex: Under the same regimens of treatment the number of runts produced varied from none to as much as 80 per cent of the litter.Ex: Usually, half of us would sleep on the ground outside and the other half would go for the nesh option of sleeping in a tent or hut.Ex: Shock as boofy blokes beat weedy intellectual in popularity contest.Ex: I am the wimpiest wimp who ever wimped when it comes to surgery.Ex: She has a tendency to be a softy, although she does carry the brunt of the authority in the household.* * *2 (golosina) caramel bar* * *alfeñique nmFam [persona] wimp* * *m famwimp fam* * * -
119 apoyar
v.1 to lean, to rest.apoya la cabeza en mi hombro rest your head on my shoulderapoyó la bicicleta contra la pared she leant the bicycle against the wallRicardo apoya su cabeza sobre la silla Richard leans his head on the chair.2 to support.lo apoyó mucho durante su depresión she gave him a lot of support when he was depressed3 to back up, to stand up for, to advocate, to endorse.Ella apoya los proyectos ecológicos She backs up ecological projects.4 to prop, to uphold, to backstop.Ella apoyó las vigas en la pared She propped the beams on the wall.* * *1 to lean, rest2 (fundar) to base, found1 (descansar) to lean (en, on), rest (en, on), stand (en, on)2 (dar el brazo) to hold on (en, to)■ ¿en qué te apoyas para decir eso? what do you base your arguments on?* * *verb1) to support, back2) rest, lean•- apoyarse* * *1. VT1) (=reclinar) to rest, leanapoya la cabeza en mi hombro — rest o lean your head on my shoulder
no apoyes los codos en la mesa — don't put o lean your elbows on the table
2) (=ayudar) to support3) (=basar) to base4) (=secundar) [+ propuesta, idea] to support5) (Arquit, Téc) to support2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( hacer descansar) to restapóyalo contra la pared — lean o rest it against the wall
2)a) ( respaldar) <propuesta/persona> to back, supportnadie la apoyó en su iniciativa — no one backed o supported her initiative
b) < teoría> to support, bear out2.apoyarse v pron1) (para sostenerse, descansar)2) (basarse, fundarse)¿en qué se apoya para hacer tal acusación? — what are you basing your accusation on?
* * *= back, boost, endorse, espouse, give + support, give + weight to, lend + weight to, offer + support, support, sustain, align + Reflexivo + with, prop, buttress, lend + support, undergird, bolster, add + weight to, add + Posesivo + weight to, buy into, shore up, back into, second, ditto, stand by, rally (a)round, rally behind, plump for, forward, back + Nombre + up.Ex. Co-operative, carefully planned and financed internationally backed efforts have been the keynote of more recent activity.Ex. If the title is selected by a book club this helps boost the print-run and overall sales.Ex. These rules follow a general trend in filing practices in endorsing the 'file-as-is' principle outlined below.Ex. Most respondents espoused the latter view as an appropriate response to IT developments to date.Ex. If support for quality cataloging is not going to be given, I think we should give it up entirely.Ex. The resulting compromise in the overall design principles followed is, therefore, likely to give greater weight to these conventional needs.Ex. They can bring into relief differing conditions in member countries and they often lend weight to arguments for or against various policy options.Ex. I have many people to acknowledge, beginning with my co-editor who offered untiring support and many useful suggestions in putting together the institutes.Ex. In order to support these three elements, and to ensure that schemes are updated it is important to have some organisation which takes responsibility for revision and publication.Ex. Publishers in the United Stated benefit from a larger home market which serves to sustain the production of an information tool.Ex. This article argues that fiction is an area of stock development which would readily achieve the goals of development with which public librarians have aligned themselves.Ex. The type cases were propped up for use on a timber frame at a convenient working height.Ex. Authors were often buttressed in their novel writing by other pieces of freelance writing.Ex. The librarian who lends support to those who criticize the organization which employs him is likely also to find his position difficult.Ex. Both libraries sought to undergird their partnership essential to a central role in collegiate education.Ex. Bibliometric studies used to bolster the subjective opinions of librarians are not always useful for specialized areas.Ex. Measurement of library activities can provide the evidence to erase misconceptions and add weight to those aspects of service that present a more powerful image = La medición de las actividades bibliotecarias puede proporcionar las pruebas necesarias para erradicar falsas ideas y apoyar aquellos aspectos del servicio que presentan una mejor imagen de la biblioteca.Ex. But the unions were able to add their weight to the authority of the parliamentary investigators in bringing the worst excesses of unregulated apprenticeship and of working conditions under control = No obstante, los sindicatos pudieron reforzar la autoridad de los investigadores parlamentarios para controlar los peores excesos que se cometían en el aprendizaje de un oficio y las condiciones laborales sin regularizar.Ex. The vendor, like the academic librarian it services, it must buy into the mission of the academic institution.Ex. This project seeks to return control of scholarly publications to the academy and to shore up the case for publication of genuine scholarly works.Ex. To the best of my knowledge, most of the big research libraries backed into the world of media = Según mi opinión, la mayoría de las bibliotecas académicas apostaron por adquirir todo tipo de soporte.Ex. Most of the proposals for establishing gender studies were seconded.Ex. I received mine yesterday and I'll ditto the fact that they look very professional.Ex. It's hard to believe she stands by a man who gets his kicks out of beating her black and blue everynight.Ex. I recalled how bereft we felt when we lost our son and how friends and neighbours rallied round and offered a shoulder to cry on.Ex. The second group, who rallied behind McCarthy, was composed of students and intellectuals who were vociferous against the war.Ex. There is some discussion as to what RSS stands for, but the majority plump for 'Really Simple Syndication'.Ex. In order to forward the mission of the University, specific programs will be targeted for growth, consolidation, and possible elimination.Ex. Often they use rather fancy words, such as 'theoretical models' or 'constructs' or 'paradigms' to describe what are, very frequently, no more than hypothetical ideas or categorisations which have little empirical evidence to back them up.----* apoyar Algo completamente = put + Posesivo + muscle behind + Nombre.* apoyar de nuevo = reendorse.* apoyar en = lean against.* apoyar la idea = endorse + the idea.* apoyar la necesidad de = endorse + the need (for/to).* apoyar + Posesivo + argumento = support + Posesivo + case, buttress + Posesivo + case.* apoyarse en = lean on/upon, inform.* apoyarse sobre = rest on/upon.* apoyar una causa = forward + cause, support + cause.* apoyar una idea = favour + idea.* apoyar una opinión = support + contention.* apoyar un argumento = support + contention.* apoyar una tesis = give + weight to the claim that.* persona que apoya una moción o propuesta = seconder.* que apoya moralmente = supportive.* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( hacer descansar) to restapóyalo contra la pared — lean o rest it against the wall
2)a) ( respaldar) <propuesta/persona> to back, supportnadie la apoyó en su iniciativa — no one backed o supported her initiative
b) < teoría> to support, bear out2.apoyarse v pron1) (para sostenerse, descansar)2) (basarse, fundarse)¿en qué se apoya para hacer tal acusación? — what are you basing your accusation on?
* * *= back, boost, endorse, espouse, give + support, give + weight to, lend + weight to, offer + support, support, sustain, align + Reflexivo + with, prop, buttress, lend + support, undergird, bolster, add + weight to, add + Posesivo + weight to, buy into, shore up, back into, second, ditto, stand by, rally (a)round, rally behind, plump for, forward, back + Nombre + up.Ex: Co-operative, carefully planned and financed internationally backed efforts have been the keynote of more recent activity.
Ex: If the title is selected by a book club this helps boost the print-run and overall sales.Ex: These rules follow a general trend in filing practices in endorsing the 'file-as-is' principle outlined below.Ex: Most respondents espoused the latter view as an appropriate response to IT developments to date.Ex: If support for quality cataloging is not going to be given, I think we should give it up entirely.Ex: The resulting compromise in the overall design principles followed is, therefore, likely to give greater weight to these conventional needs.Ex: They can bring into relief differing conditions in member countries and they often lend weight to arguments for or against various policy options.Ex: I have many people to acknowledge, beginning with my co-editor who offered untiring support and many useful suggestions in putting together the institutes.Ex: In order to support these three elements, and to ensure that schemes are updated it is important to have some organisation which takes responsibility for revision and publication.Ex: Publishers in the United Stated benefit from a larger home market which serves to sustain the production of an information tool.Ex: This article argues that fiction is an area of stock development which would readily achieve the goals of development with which public librarians have aligned themselves.Ex: The type cases were propped up for use on a timber frame at a convenient working height.Ex: Authors were often buttressed in their novel writing by other pieces of freelance writing.Ex: The librarian who lends support to those who criticize the organization which employs him is likely also to find his position difficult.Ex: Both libraries sought to undergird their partnership essential to a central role in collegiate education.Ex: Bibliometric studies used to bolster the subjective opinions of librarians are not always useful for specialized areas.Ex: Measurement of library activities can provide the evidence to erase misconceptions and add weight to those aspects of service that present a more powerful image = La medición de las actividades bibliotecarias puede proporcionar las pruebas necesarias para erradicar falsas ideas y apoyar aquellos aspectos del servicio que presentan una mejor imagen de la biblioteca.Ex: But the unions were able to add their weight to the authority of the parliamentary investigators in bringing the worst excesses of unregulated apprenticeship and of working conditions under control = No obstante, los sindicatos pudieron reforzar la autoridad de los investigadores parlamentarios para controlar los peores excesos que se cometían en el aprendizaje de un oficio y las condiciones laborales sin regularizar.Ex: The vendor, like the academic librarian it services, it must buy into the mission of the academic institution.Ex: This project seeks to return control of scholarly publications to the academy and to shore up the case for publication of genuine scholarly works.Ex: To the best of my knowledge, most of the big research libraries backed into the world of media = Según mi opinión, la mayoría de las bibliotecas académicas apostaron por adquirir todo tipo de soporte.Ex: Most of the proposals for establishing gender studies were seconded.Ex: I received mine yesterday and I'll ditto the fact that they look very professional.Ex: It's hard to believe she stands by a man who gets his kicks out of beating her black and blue everynight.Ex: I recalled how bereft we felt when we lost our son and how friends and neighbours rallied round and offered a shoulder to cry on.Ex: The second group, who rallied behind McCarthy, was composed of students and intellectuals who were vociferous against the war.Ex: There is some discussion as to what RSS stands for, but the majority plump for 'Really Simple Syndication'.Ex: In order to forward the mission of the University, specific programs will be targeted for growth, consolidation, and possible elimination.Ex: Often they use rather fancy words, such as 'theoretical models' or 'constructs' or 'paradigms' to describe what are, very frequently, no more than hypothetical ideas or categorisations which have little empirical evidence to back them up.* apoyar Algo completamente = put + Posesivo + muscle behind + Nombre.* apoyar de nuevo = reendorse.* apoyar en = lean against.* apoyar la idea = endorse + the idea.* apoyar la necesidad de = endorse + the need (for/to).* apoyar + Posesivo + argumento = support + Posesivo + case, buttress + Posesivo + case.* apoyarse en = lean on/upon, inform.* apoyarse sobre = rest on/upon.* apoyar una causa = forward + cause, support + cause.* apoyar una idea = favour + idea.* apoyar una opinión = support + contention.* apoyar un argumento = support + contention.* apoyar una tesis = give + weight to the claim that.* persona que apoya una moción o propuesta = seconder.* que apoya moralmente = supportive.* * *apoyar [A1 ]vtA (hacer descansar) to restapoya la escalera contra la pared lean o rest the ladder against the wallcon la cabeza apoyada en su hombro with her head resting on his shoulderno se debe apoyar los codos sobre la mesa you mustn't put o rest your elbows on the tablehay que apoyar todo el peso del cuerpo sobre una pierna you have to put all your weight on one footB1 (respaldar) ‹propuesta/persona› to back, support¿me vas a apoyar si me quejo? are you going to back me (up) o support me if I complain?no apoyamos la huelga we do not support the strikenadie la apoyó en su iniciativa no one backed o supported her initiativeapoyar técnica y financieramente su desarrollo to give technical and financial support o backing for its development2 ‹teoría› to support, bear outno hay pruebas que apoyen esta hipótesis there is no evidence to bear out o support this hypothesis■ apoyarseA (para sostenerse, descansar) apoyarse EN algo to lean ON sthcaminaba lentamente apoyándose en un bastón she walked slowly, leaning on a walking stick o using a walking stick for supportse apoya demasiado en su familia he relies too much on his family (for support), he leans too heavily on his familyB (basarse, fundarse) apoyarse EN algo to be based ON sthse apoyó en estas cifras para defender su teoría he used these figures to defend his theory¿en qué se apoya para hacer semejante acusación? what are you basing your accusation on?, what is the basis of your accusation?* * *
apoyar ( conjugate apoyar) verbo transitivo
1 ( hacer descansar) apoyar (algo en algo) to rest (sth on sth);
2
apoyarse verbo pronominal
1 (para sostenerse, descansar) apoyarse en algo to lean on sth
2 (basarse, fundarse) apoyarse en algo to be based on sth
apoyar verbo transitivo
1 to lean
2 (causa) to support
' apoyar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
refrendar
- agarrar
- ir
- recostar
- respaldar
- sostener
English:
advocate
- back
- back up
- bolster
- buttress
- champion
- endorse
- lean
- prop
- prop up
- reinforce
- rest
- root for
- stand by
- support
- root
- sponsor
- stand
* * *♦ vt1. [inclinar] to lean, to rest;apoya la cabeza en mi hombro rest your head on my shoulder;apoyó la bicicleta contra la pared she leant the bicycle against the wall;apoyó los codos sobre la mesa he leant his elbows on the table2. [respaldar] to support;todos apoyaron su decisión everyone supported her decision;lo apoyó mucho durante su depresión she gave him a lot of support when he was depressed;los directivos los apoyaron en su protesta management supported their protest3. [basar] to base;apoya su teoría en datos concretos her theory is based on o supported by concrete statistics* * *v/t1 lean (en against), rest (en against)* * *apoyar vt1) : to support, to back2) : to lean, to rest* * *apoyar vb2. (descansar) to rest3. (defender) to support -
120 aprendizaje de un oficio
(n.) = apprenticeshipEx. But the unions were able to add their weight to the authority of the parliamentary investigators in bringing the worst excesses of unregulated apprenticeship and of working conditions under control = No obstante, los sindicatos pudieron reforzar la autoridad de los investigadores parlamentarios para controlar los peores excesos que se cometían en el aprendizaje de un oficio y las condiciones laborales sin regularizar.* * *(n.) = apprenticeshipEx: But the unions were able to add their weight to the authority of the parliamentary investigators in bringing the worst excesses of unregulated apprenticeship and of working conditions under control = No obstante, los sindicatos pudieron reforzar la autoridad de los investigadores parlamentarios para controlar los peores excesos que se cometían en el aprendizaje de un oficio y las condiciones laborales sin regularizar.
См. также в других словарях:
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