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1 timber
timber ['tɪmbə(r)]1 noun(a) (wood → for building work) bois m de construction ou de charpente; (→ for carpentry) bois m de menuiserie∎ to fell timber abattre ou couper des arbres;∎ land under timber terre f boisée;∎ to put land under timber boiser un terrain;∎ standing timber bois m sur pied(roof, fence) en bois(tunnel) boiserattention!►► Nautical timber hitch nœud m de bois ou d'anguille;British timber merchant marchand m de bois;timber trade commerce m du bois;timber wolf loup m gris -
2 timber
noun5)timber! — Baum fällt!; Achtung! (Ausruf bei Holzfällarbeiten)
* * *['timbə]1) (wood, especially for building: This house is built of timber.) das Bauholz3) (a wooden beam used in the building of a house, ship etc.) der Holzbalken* * *tim·ber[ˈtɪmbəʳ, AM -ɚ]I. nto fell \timber Holz fällenfor \timber für kommerzielle NutzungII. interj“\timber!” „Achtung, Baum!“* * *['tɪmbə(r)]1. n1) Holz nt; (for building) (Bau)holz nt; (= land planted with trees) (Nutz)wald mto put land under timber — Land mit Bäumen bepflanzen
4) (US= character)
a man of that timber — ein Mann dieses Kalibersa woman of presidential timber — eine Frau, die das Zeug zum Präsidenten hat
2. vthouse mit Fachwerk versehen; gallery (in mine) abstützen, verzimmern* * *timber [ˈtımbə(r)]A s1. (Bau-, Zimmer-, Nutz)Holz n2. koll (Nutzholz)Bäume pl, Baumbestand m, Wald(bestand) m3. Bra) Bauholz nb) Schnittholz n4. SCHIFF Inholz n:5. fig US Kaliber n, Schlag m:he is of presidential timber er hat das Zeug zum PräsidentenB v/t1. (ver)zimmern2. Holz abvieren3. einen Graben etc absteifenC adj Holz…* * *noun4) (beam, piece of wood) Balken, der; (Naut.) Spant, das5)timber! — Baum fällt!; Achtung! (Ausruf bei Holzfällarbeiten)
* * *n.Bauholz -¨er m.Bauholz n.Nutzholz -¨er n. -
3 timber
I1. [ʹtımbə] n1. лесоматериал; пиломатериал; древесинаtimber mill - лесопильный завод, лесопилка
made of /from/ timber - деревянный, сделанный из дерева
2. лес ( в аспекте промышленного использования)to fell timber - заготовлять /валить/ лес
to mark timber for felling - наметить лес к повалу /на порубку/
to put an area under timber - засадить участок лесом, пустить участок под лес
3. 1) лесистый участок, районhalf of his land is covered with timber - половина его земли покрыта лесом, половину его земли составляют лесные угодья
2) юр. лес, растущий на земельном участке (обыкн. дуб, ясень, вяз)4. 1) брус, балка; бревноrough /rough-hewn/ timber - неокорённые брёвна
round timber, timber in the round - неотёсанные брёвна
2) мор. тимберс; шпангоут3) горн. крепёжный лес, крепь5. разг. колодки6. (тело)сложение7. личное качество, достоинствоthere are few men of his timber - таких, как он, мало
he's real ministerial timber - он готовый министр, из таких людей выходят министры
presidential timber - амер. человек, имеющий шансы стать президентом; человек с задатками президента
8. уст. ладья, лодка, корабль10. охот. проф. изгородь♢
my timbers!, shiver my timbers! - чёрт побери!shiver my timbers if... - чёрт меня возьми, если...; я не я, если...
2. [ʹtımbə] aдревесный; деревянныйtimber cup [partition] - деревянный кубок [-ая перегородка]
3. [ʹtımbə] v1. обшивать деревом; укреплять балкамиthe door was heavily timbered with oak - дверь была обшита толстыми дубовыми досками
2. давать строевой лес3. горн. крепить4. уст.1) строить из дерева2) плотничать, столярничатьII [ʹtımbə] nтюк меха (сорок шкурок горностая, куницы, соболя и т. п.)II [ʹtımbə] = timbre2 -
4 timber
ˈtɪmbə
1. сущ.
1) лесоматериалы;
строевой лес to float, raft timber ( down a river) ≈ сплавлять лес( по реке)
2) а) деревянный брус, бревно;
балка( в строительстве и т. п.) б) мор. тимберс;
шпангоут в) горн. крепежный лес г) охот. изгородь
3) а) телосложение, анатомическая конституция б) амер., тж. разг. отличительное качество или черта характера;
достоинство to be a man of some certaint sort of timber ≈ быть человеком определенного слада характера;
обладать определенными качествами (о человеке)
2. гл. обшивать деревом лесоматериал;
пиломатериал;
древесина - stock of * запасы лесоматериалов - the * of the oak древесина дуба - * industry лесная промышленность - * mill лесопильный завод, лесопилка - made of /from/ * деревянный, сделанный из дерева - to cut * изготовлять пиломатериал лес (в аспекте промышленного использования) - standing * лес на корню - building * строевой лес - a forest of grand * прекрасный строевой лес - to fell * заготовлять /валить/ лес - to mark * for felling наметить лес к повалу /на порубку/ - Canada is rich in * Канада богата (строевым) лесом - to put an area under * засадить участок лесом, пустить участок под лес лесистый участок, район - half of his land is covered with * половина его земли покрыта лесом, половину его земли составляют лесные угодья (юридическое) лес, растущий на земельном участке (обыкн. дуб, ясень, вяз) брус, балка;
бревно - rough /rough-hewn/ * неокоренные бревна - round *, * in the round неотесанные бревна - dimension * разделанные бревна - to fasten *s скреплять бревна (морское) тимберс;
шпангоут (горное) крепежный лес, крепь( разговорное) колодки (тело) сложение - a man of this * человек такого телосложения - a man of small * тщедушный человек личное качество, достоинство - there are few men of his * таких, как он, мало - he's real ministerial * он готовый министр, из таких людей выходят министры - presidential * (американизм) человек, имеющий шансы стать президентом;
человек с задатками президента (устаревшее) ладья, лодка, корабль( спортивное) (профессионализм) воротца( в крикете) (охота) (профессионализм) изгородь - double * двойная изгородь > my *s!, shiver my *s! черт побери! > shiver my *s if... черт меня возьми, если...;
я не я, если... древесный;
деревянный - * cup деревянный кубок - a rude * coffin простой тесовый гроб обшивать деревом;
укреплять балками - the door was heavily *ed with oak дверь была обшита толстыми дубовыми досками давать строевой лес (горное) крепить( устаревшее) строить из дерева (устаревшее) плотничать, столярничать тюк меха (сорок шкурок горностая, куницы, соболя и т. п.) (геральдика) герб в верхней части щита commercial ~ лесоматериалы he is good presidential ~ разг. он обладает всеми качествами, необходимыми для президента ~ амер. личное качество, достоинство;
a man of the right sort of timber человек высоких качеств timber бревно, брус;
балка ~ охот. изгородь ~ горн. крепежный лес ~ лесоматериалы;
строевой лес ~ лесоматериалы ~ амер. личное качество, достоинство;
a man of the right sort of timber человек высоких качеств ~ обшивать деревом ~ мор. тимберс;
шпангоут -
5 Nobel, Immanuel
[br]b. 1801 Gävle, Swedend. 3 September 1872 Stockholm, Sweden[br]Swedish inventor and industrialist, particularly noted for his work on mines and explosives.[br]The son of a barber-surgeon who deserted his family to serve in the Swedish army, Nobel showed little interest in academic pursuits as a child and was sent to sea at the age of 16, but jumped ship in Egypt and was eventually employed as an architect by the pasha. Returning to Sweden, he won a scholarship to the Stockholm School of Architecture, where he studied from 1821 to 1825 and was awarded a number of prizes. His interest then leaned towards mechanical matters and he transferred to the Stockholm School of Engineering. Designs for linen-finishing machines won him a prize there, and he also patented a means of transforming rotary into reciprocating movement. He then entered the real-estate business and was successful until a fire in 1833 destroyed his house and everything he owned. By this time he had married and had two sons, with a third, Alfred (of Nobel Prize fame; see Alfred Nobel), on the way. Moving to more modest quarters on the outskirts of Stockholm, Immanuel resumed his inventions, concentrating largely on India rubber, which he applied to surgical instruments and military equipment, including a rubber knapsack.It was talk of plans to construct a canal at Suez that first excited his interest in explosives. He saw them as a means of making mining more efficient and began to experiment in his backyard. However, this made him unpopular with his neighbours, and the city authorities ordered him to cease his investigations. By this time he was deeply in debt and in 1837 moved to Finland, leaving his family in Stockholm. He hoped to interest the Russians in land and sea mines and, after some four years, succeeded in obtaining financial backing from the Ministry of War, enabling him to set up a foundry and arms factory in St Petersburg and to bring his family over. By 1850 he was clear of debt in Sweden and had begun to acquire a high reputation as an inventor and industrialist. His invention of the horned contact mine was to be the basic pattern of the sea mine for almost the next 100 years, but he also created and manufactured a central-heating system based on hot-water pipes. His three sons, Ludwig, Robert and Alfred, had now joined him in his business, but even so the outbreak of war with Britain and France in the Crimea placed severe pressures on him. The Russians looked to him to convert their navy from sail to steam, even though he had no experience in naval propulsion, but the aftermath of the Crimean War brought financial ruin once more to Immanuel. Amongst the reforms brought in by Tsar Alexander II was a reliance on imports to equip the armed forces, so all domestic arms contracts were abruptly cancelled, including those being undertaken by Nobel. Unable to raise money from the banks, Immanuel was forced to declare himself bankrupt and leave Russia for his native Sweden. Nobel then reverted to his study of explosives, particularly of how to adapt the then highly unstable nitroglycerine, which had first been developed by Ascanio Sobrero in 1847, for blasting and mining. Nobel believed that this could be done by mixing it with gunpowder, but could not establish the right proportions. His son Alfred pursued the matter semi-independently and eventually evolved the principle of the primary charge (and through it created the blasting cap), having taken out a patent for a nitroglycerine product in his own name; the eventual result of this was called dynamite. Father and son eventually fell out over Alfred's independent line, but worse was to follow. In September 1864 Immanuel's youngest son, Oscar, then studying chemistry at Uppsala University, was killed in an explosion in Alfred's laboratory: Immanuel suffered a stroke, but this only temporarily incapacitated him, and he continued to put forward new ideas. These included making timber a more flexible material through gluing crossed veneers under pressure and bending waste timber under steam, a concept which eventually came to fruition in the form of plywood.In 1868 Immanuel and Alfred were jointly awarded the prestigious Letterstedt Prize for their work on explosives, but Alfred never for-gave his father for retaining the medal without offering it to him.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsImperial Gold Medal (Russia) 1853. Swedish Academy of Science Letterstedt Prize (jointly with son Alfred) 1868.BibliographyImmanuel Nobel produced a short handwritten account of his early life 1813–37, which is now in the possession of one of his descendants. He also had published three short books during the last decade of his life— Cheap Defence of the Country's Roads (on land mines), Cheap Defence of the Archipelagos (on sea mines), and Proposal for the Country's Defence (1871)—as well as his pamphlet (1870) on making wood a more physically flexible product.Further ReadingNo biographies of Immanuel Nobel exist, but his life is detailed in a number of books on his son Alfred.CM -
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