the+bard

poet.

* * *

► nombre masulino o femenino

1 poet

* * *

* * *

1) (=compositor de versos) poet

2) LAm (=escritor) writer, author

* * *

- tisa masculino, femenino, poeta masculino y femenino poet

* * *

= poet, bard.

Ex. How she ached to be a poet and by some wizardry of pen capture the mysteries going on out there.

Ex. Both particularly fancied the idea of Hughes as gamekeeper and bard of the primitive urges, whose animal magnetism drives women mad.

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* poeta laureado = poet laureate [poets laureate, -pl.], laureate.

* * *

- tisa masculino, femenino, poeta masculino y femenino poet

* * *

* * *

poeta masculine and feminine poet

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◊ - tisa sustantivo masculino, femenino, poeta sustantivo masculino y femenino

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poeta nmf

poet

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m/f poet

* * *

poeta nmf

: poet

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poeta n poet

barder [baʀde]

➭ TABLE 1

1. transitive verb

(avec du lard) to bard

• être bardé de diplômes to have a whole string of qualifications

2. impersonal verb

(inf) ça va barder all hell is going to break loose (inf)

• ça a bardé ! (dans une réunion) the sparks really flew! ; (dans les rues) things got pretty hot!

* * *

verbe transitif Culinaire to bard [rôti, volaille]

* * *

1. vt

CUISINE, [rôti, volaille] to bard, to wrap with streaky bacon

2. vi

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barder verb table: aimer

A vtr Culin to bard [rôti, volaille].

B ○vi ça barde chez les voisins! sparks are flying next door!; si je me lève ça va barder! if I have to get up, sparks will fly!

[barde] verbe transitif

1. CUISINE to bard

2. (archaïque) [cuirasser] to bard

3. (figuré)

être bardé de [être couvert de] to be covered in ou with

être bardé de diplômes to have a string of academic titles

————————

[barde] verbe impersonnel

si tu ne te dépêches pas, ça va barder! you'll get it ou be for it if you don't hurry up!

watch out, look out.

1 guardianship (tutela).

2 flyleaf.

guard, keeper (vigilante).

guarda forestal gamekeeper, forest ranger

guarda jurado security guard

1 watchman, gatekeeper, guard, caretaker.

2 shield, protector.

3 flyleaf, end sheet, end leaf, endpaper.

3^rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: guardar.

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► nombre masulino o femenino

1 (persona) guard, keeper

► nombre femenino

1 (custodia) custody, care

2 (de la ley etc) observance

3 (en cerradura - pieza fija) ward; (- pieza móvil) lever

4 (de libro) flyleaf

\

Angel de la Guarda guardian angel

guarda forestal forest ranger

guarda jurado security guard

* * *

1) guard

2) keeper

3) warden

* * *

1. SMF

1) (=vigilante) [de parque, cementerio] keeper; [de edificio] security guard

2) Cono Sur (Ferro) ticket inspector

2. SF

1) [de libro] flyleaf, endpaper

2) (Téc) [de cerradura] ward; [de espada] guard

3) Cono Sur (Cos) trimming, border

4) (=custodia) [de lugar, costumbre] guarding; [de niño] guardianship

5) [de la ley] observance

* * *

masculino y femenino (de museo, parque) keeper; ( de edificio público) security guard

- guarda forestal

- guarda jurado

1)

a) ( de cerradura) ward

b) ( de libro) flyleaf

2) ( acción) keeping

* * *

= fly-leaf [fly-leaves, -pl.], attendant, paste-down, park attendant, paper paste-down, guard, vigilante, gamekeeper, security officer, security officer.

Ex. These books he bound up in three volumes, and on the fly leaf of the first volume wrote his name.

Ex. Other libraries allow bags to be brought in but an attendant is employed to check the contents as the reader leaves the library.

Ex. Their purpose was, as paste-downs, to reinforce the joints of the covers and, as flyleaves, to give additional protection to the end pages of the book.

Ex. Slake was disturbed in his daydream by shouts from the park attendant.

Ex. A strip of paper or vellum was pasted on to the spine to reinforce it, and a skin of the right size was stuck down over the spine and the outside of both boards, the overlapping edges being turned in and secured inside the boards under a paper paste-down.

Ex. A guard is a strip of paper, muslin, or other thin material used to attach or reinforce leaves or inserts in books, permitting bending.

Ex. In a complex social mechanism librarians were often the most active vigilantes.

Ex. Both particularly fancied the idea of Hughes as gamekeeper and bard of the primitive urges, whose animal magnetism drives women mad.

Ex. Guards, who are also called security officers, patrol and inspect property to protect against fire, theft, vandalism, terrorism, and illegal activity.

Ex. Guards, who are also called security officers, patrol and inspect property to protect against fire, theft, vandalism, terrorism, and illegal activity.

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* ángel de la guarda = guardian angel.

* casa del guarda = lodge.

* guarda de los aparcamientos O.R.A. = meter maid.

* guarda de seguridad = security patrol, security officer, security officer.

* guarda forestal = wildlife manager, gamekeeper, forestry official.

* guardas = endpapers.

* guardas de la contratapa = lining papers.

* hoja de guarda = fly-leaf [fly-leaves, -pl.].

* * *

masculino y femenino (de museo, parque) keeper; ( de edificio público) security guard

- guarda forestal

- guarda jurado

1)

a) ( de cerradura) ward

b) ( de libro) flyleaf

2) ( acción) keeping

* * *

* * *

A (de un museo, parque) keeper; (de un edificio público) security guard

forest ranger

masculine and feminine security guard

1 ( RPl) (en trenes) guard

2 (Ur) (de un ómnibus) bus conductor

1 (de una cerradura) ward

2 (de un libro) flyleaf

3 (CS) (en costura) border, decorative trim

irse/venirse guarda abajo ( Chi fam); to come crashing down

B ( Der) custody ( of a child)

C (acción) keeping

manzanas de guarda apples which can be stored o kept for long periods

* * *

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

◊ guarda jurado security guard

◊ guarda algo para después save o keep sth for later

a) ( poner en un lugar) ‹juguetes/libros› to put … away;

◊ ya guardé toda la ropa de invierno I've already put away all my winter clothes

b) (conservar, mantener) to keep;

◊ lo guardó durante años she kept it for years;

c) ‹ secreto› to keep;

◊ guardo muy buenos recuerdos de él I have very good memories of him

a) ( quedarse con) to keep

b) ( reservar) to save, keep

◊ se guardó el cheque en el bolsillo he put the check (away) in his pocket

* * *

♦ nmf

1. [vigilante] guard, keeper

guarda jurado security guard;

guarda de seguridad security guard

2. Urug [cobrador] conductor

♦ nf

1. [tutela] guardianship

2. [de libros] flyleaf

3. [de cerradura] ward

4. Andes, RP [ribete] ribbing, trimming

* * *

m/f keeper

* * *

guarda nmf

1) guardián: security guard

2) : keeper, custodian

* * *

guarda n

1. (en general) guard

2. (de zoo) keeper

mf (ī)n. relating to orﾠ born in orﾠ living in orﾠ customary among the Magadhas orﾠ the Magadha country AV. Pariṡ. Lalit. etc.. ;

1. (правя доволен) satisfy, content, give satisfaction (to)

нищо не го задоволява he is bard to please

човек не може да задоволи всички one cannot please everybody

2. (удовлетворявам) gratify

задоволявам страстта си gratify o.'s passion. задоволявам глада си satisfy/appease/assuage o.'s hunger/appetite

(нужда) meet, satisfy

задоволявам нуждите на някого meet/satisfy the need of s.o.; attend/minister to s.o.'s needs, supply the needs of

стоки, които задоволяват всеки вкус goods that suit every taste, goods that cater for/to all tastes

задоволявам потребностите на населението satisfy the public's needs/requirements

3. (желание, молба) meet, grant, fulfil

задоволявам молба comply with a request

4. (любопитство, каприз) gratify, satisfy

5. (съответствам на) meet, answer, satisfy

задоволявам нечии изисквания answer s.o.'s demands, come up to s.o.'s standards/requirements

задоволявам се content o.s., be content/satisfied (с with)

задоволи се да каже само, че he contented himself by saying that

задоволявам се с това (не питам повече) let it go at that

* * *

задоволя̀вам,

1. ( правя доволен) satisfy, content, give satisfaction (to), make do (with s.th.); нищо не го задоволява he is hard to please; човек не може да задоволи всички one cannot please everybody;

2. ( удовлетворявам) gratify; \задоволявам глада си satisfy/appease/assuage o.’s hunger/appetite; ( нужда) meet, satisfy; \задоволявам нуждите на някого meet/satisfy the need of s.o.; attend/minister to s.o.’s needs, supply the needs of; \задоволявам потребностите на населението satisfy the public’s needs/requirements; \задоволявам страстта си gratify o.’s passion; стоки, които задоволяват всеки вкус goods that suit every taste, goods that cater for/to all tastes;

3. ( желание, молба) meet, grant, fulfil; \задоволявам молба comply with a request;

4. ( любопитство, каприз) gratify, satisfy;

5. ( съответствам на) meet, answer, satisfy; \задоволявам нечии изисквания answer s.o.’s demands, come up to s.o.’s standards/requirements;

\задоволявам се content o.s., be content/satisfied (c with); \задоволявам се с make do with; \задоволявам се с това (не питам повече) let it go at that.

* * *

cater; content; grant{`gra;nt}; gratify; meet{mi;t}; satisfy: задоволявам the need of s.o. - задоволявам нечии нужди; square; suffice

* * *

1) mfn. urged, impelled etc. (cf. 3. sūta

3) m. (of doubtful derivation, prob. to be connected with 1. sū)

forest ranger, forester, game warden, gamekeeper.

* * *

forest ranger

* * *

masculino y femenino forest ranger

* * *

(n.) = wildlife manager, gamekeeper, forestry official

Ex. Representative job titles are commercial artist, computer operator, dental hygienist, wildlife manager, flight attendant, law enforcer, meteorologist, optometrist, and tuner.

Ex. Both particularly fancied the idea of Hughes as gamekeeper and bard of the primitive urges, whose animal magnetism drives women mad.

Ex. Forestry officials have created suntraps in one of the region's beauty spots to prevent a species of the ant family from becoming extinct.

* * *

masculino y femenino forest ranger

* * *

* * *

forest ranger, warden

(v.) = fancy + the idea of

Ex. Both particularly fancied the idea of Hughes as gamekeeper and bard of the primitive urges, whose animal magnetism drives women mad.

* * *

forest keeper, park keeper, forester, gamekeeper.

* * *

= game warden, gamekeeper.

Ex. Students examined the following occupations: veterinarian, weatherman, dentist, game warden, meatcutter, petroleum industry worker, service station attendant, nurse, and radio announcer.

Ex. Both particularly fancied the idea of Hughes as gamekeeper and bard of the primitive urges, whose animal magnetism drives women mad.

* * *

* * *

m/f (inv) forest ranger, warden

(v.) = fancy + the idea of

Ex. Both particularly fancied the idea of Hughes as gamekeeper and bard of the primitive urges, whose animal magnetism drives women mad.

* * *

नग्न See under नज् below.

नग्न a. [नज्-न-कर्तरि क्त तस्य नः]

1 Naked, nude, bare; न नग्नः स्नानमाचरेत् Ms.4.45; नग्नक्षपणके देशे रजकः किं करिष्यति Chāṇ.11; अवश्यंभाविनो भावा भवन्ति महतामपि । नग्नत्वं नीलकण्ठस्य महाहिशयनं हरेः ॥ H.

-2 Uncultivated, uninhabited, desolate.

-ग्नः 1 A naked mendicant.

-2 A Buddhist mendicant (क्षपणक); धर्म इत्युपधर्मेषु नग्नरक्तपटादिषु । प्रायेण सज्जते भ्रान्त्या पेशलेषु च वाग्मिषु ॥ Bhāg.4.19.25.

-3 A hypocrite.

-4 A bard accompanying an army, or a wandering bard.

-5 N. of Śiva.

-ग्ना 1 A naked, shameless (or wanton) woman.

-2 A girl before menstruation, or less than 12 or 1 (and there- fore may go about naked).

-Comp. -अटः, -अटकः 1 one who goes about naked.

-2 especially a Jaina or Buddhist mendicant (of the दिगम्बर class).

-आचार्यः a. bard, a minstrel, a panegyrist; N.19.41; Bṛi. S.

-चर्या a vow to go naked.

-जित् N. of an author on architecture; Bṛi. S.58.4.

(n.) = primitive urge

Ex. Both particularly fancied the idea of Hughes as gamekeeper and bard of the primitive urges, whose animal magnetism drives women mad.

* * *

(n.) = primitive urge

Ex. Both particularly fancied the idea of Hughes as gamekeeper and bard of the primitive urges, whose animal magnetism drives women mad.

* * *

सूत p. p. [सू-क्त]

1 Born, begotten, engendered, produced.

-2 Impelled, emitted.

-तः 1 A charioteer; सूत, चोदयाश्वान् पुण्याश्रमदर्शनेन तावदात्मानं पुनीमहे Ś.1; पुनः पुनः सूतनिषिद्धचापलं हरन्तमश्वं रथरश्मिसंयतम् R.3.42.

-2 The son of a Kṣatriya by a woman of the Brāhmaṇa caste (his business being that of a charioteer); क्षत्रियाद् विप्र- कन्यायां सूतो भवति जातितः Ms.1.11; सूतो वा सूतपुत्रो वा यो वा को वा भवाम्यहम् Ve.3.33.

-3 The son of a Vaiśya by a Kṣatriya wife (his business being that of a bard).

-4 A bard; पुरःसरैः स्वस्तिकसूतमागधैः Rām.2.17.46; Bhāg.1.11.2.

-5 A carpenter.

-6 The sun.

-7 N. of a pupil of Vyāsa.

-8 N. of Sañjaya (a pupil of Vyāsa); समरवृत्तविबोधसमीहया कुरुवरेण मुदा कृतयाचनः। सपदि सूतमदादमलेक्षणं मुनिवरं तमहं सततं भजे ॥ Vedavyāsāṣṭakam 7.

-तः, -तम् Quick-silver.

-Comp. -जः, -तनयः, -पुत्रः 1 an epithet of Sañjaya; तमेवंवादिनं राजा सूतपुत्रं कृताञ्जलिम् (अब्रवीत्) Mb.8.2.9.

-2 an epithet of Karṇa; कथयामास तत् सर्वं यथा शप्तः स सूतजः Mb.12.2.1.

-राज् m. quick-silver.

स्वस्ति f., n. Welfare; समारम्भान्वुभूषेत हतस्वस्तिरकिच्चनः Mb.12.8.6; जितं त आत्मविद्धुर्य स्वस्तये स्वस्तिरस्तु में Bhāg. 4.24.33. -ind. A particle meaning 'may it be well with (one)', 'fare-well', 'hail', 'adieu' (with dat.); स्वस्ति ते$स्त्वान्तरिक्षेभ्यः पार्थिवेभ्यश्च भारत Mb.3.37.35; स्वस्ति भवते Ś.2; स्वस्त्यस्तु ते R.5.17; it is also used in expres- sing one's approbation; (often used at the beginning of letters).

-Comp. -अयनम् 1 a means of securing prosperity.

-2 the averting of evil by the recitation of mantras or performance of expiatory rites.

-3 the be- nediction of a Brāhmaṇa after presentation of offerings; प्रास्थानिकं स्वस्त्ययनं प्रयुज्य R.2.7. -a. Auspicious; इदं स्वस्त्ययनं श्रेष्ठम् Ms.1.16; Mb.1.75.2.

-कर्मन् n. causing welfare.

-कारः a bard.

-दः, -भावः an epithet of Śiva.

-मुखः 1 a letter.

-2 a Brāhmaṇa.

-3 a bard, panegyrist.

-वाचकः benediction, congratulation.

-वाचनम्, -वाचनकम्, -वाचनिकम् 1 a religious rite preparatory to a sacrifice or any religious or solemn observance.

-2 a complimentary or congratulatory present of flowers &c. to any one attended with good wishes and blessings.

-वाच्यम् congratulation, invoking blessings.

वैतालिकः [विविधस्तालस्तेन व्यवहरति ठक्]

1 A bard, minstrel.

-2 A magician, conjurer; especially, one who is a votary of Vetāla q. v.

-3 The servant of a Vetāla.

-कम् Knowledge of one of the 64 arts.

-Comp. -व्रतम् the duty of a bard.

- znany piewca piękna gór an author famous for his eulogies about mountains

- piewca Tatr a bard of the Tatra mountains

bardus, a, um, adj [root garu-, whence also gravis; Sanscr. guruú; cf. Gr. barus, bradus, and Lat. brutus], stupid, dull of apprehension (rare), Fest. p. 28; cf. Non. p. 10, 3 sq.; Adamant. ap. Cassiod. p. 2299 P.:

stulti, stolidi, fatui, fungi, bardi, blenni, buccones, etc.,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 2; so id. Ep. 3, 3, 40; id. Pers. 2, 1, 2 (quoted by Non. l. l.): Zopyrus stupidum esse Socratem dixit et bardum, * Cic. Fat 5, 10: Pictor bardior, Tert. adv Herm. 36.— Sup. and adv. not in use. ††

bardus, i, m. [Engl. bard; Celtic, from Wal. bar, = spirit, or Armor. bar, = distinguished], a poet and singer among the Gauls, a bard, minstrel. bardus Gallice cantor appellatur, qui virorum fortium laudes canit, a gente Bardorum, de quibus Lucanus, 1, 449; Fest. p 28; cf. Amm. 15, 9, 5 and 8.

* * *

(fell; féll, féllum; fallinn), v.

1) to fall;

eigi fellr tré við fyrsta högg, a tree falls not with the first stroke;

falla af baki, to fall from horse back;

falla á kné, to fall on one’s knees;

falla áfram (á bak aptr), to fall forwards (backwards);

falla flatr, to fall prostrate;

falla til jarðar, to fall to the ground;

refl., láta fallast (= sik falla), to let oneself fall (þá lét Loki falla í kné Skaða);

2) to drop down dead, be killed, fall (in battle);

3) to die of plague (féllu fátœkir menn um alit land);

4) to flow, run (of water, stream, tide);

særinn fell út frá landi, ebbed;

féll sjór fyrir hellismunnann, the sea rose higher than the cave-mouth;

síðan féll sjór at, the tide rose;

þeir sá þá ós mikinn falla í sjóinn, fall into the sea;

á fél (a river flowed) við skála Ásólfs;

var skipit svá hlaðit, at inn féll um söxin, that the sea rushed in at the prow;

5) of clothes, hair, to fall, hang down;

hárit féll á herðar honum aptr, the hair fell back on his shoulders;

létu kvennváðir um kné falla, they let women’s dress fall about hi s knees;

6) to fall, calm down (of the wind);

féll veðrit (the storm fell) ok gerði logn;

7) to fail, be foiled;

sá eiðr fellr honum til útlegðar, if he fails in taking the oath, he shall be liable to outlawry;

falla á verkum sínum, to have been caught red-handed, to be justly slain;

falla or fallast at máli, sókn, to fail in one’s suit;

falla frá máli, to give it up;

fallinn at frændum, bereft of kinsmen;

dœmi ek fyrir dráp hans fallnar yðrar eignir, I sentence your estates to be forfieited for his slaughter;

refl., ef gerðarmenn láta fallast, if the umpires fail to do their duty;

þá fallust öllum Ásum orðtök ok svá hendr, then voice and hands alike failed the Gods;

féllust þeim allar kvéðjur, their greetings died on their lips;

vill sá eigi falust láta andsvör, he will not fail or falter in replying;

8) to fall out happen;

mér féll svá gæfusamliga (it befell me so quickly), at;

stundum kann svá at falla, at, sometimes it may so happen that;

9) to be had or produced (þat járn fellr í firði þeim; þar fellr hveiti ok vín);

10) with adv., e-m fellr e-t þungt, létt, a thing falls heavily, lightly upon one (þetta mun ðr þungt falla);

féll þá keisaranum þyngra bardaginn, the battle turned against the emperor;

e-m fellr e-t nær, it falls nigh to one, touches one nearly;

henni féll meinit svá nær, at, the illness fell on her so sore, that;

mér fellr eigi firr en honum, it touches me no less than him;

hörmuliga fellr oss nú, at, it falls out sadly for us, that;

11) to please, suit;

kvað sér, þat vel falla til attekta, said that it suited him well for drawing revenue from;

honum féll vel í eyru lofsorð konungs, the king’s praise was pleasant in his ears;

jarli féllst þat vel í eyru, the earl was well pleased to hear it;

mun mér illa falla, ef, it will displease me, if;

féll vel á með þeim, they were on good terms;

refl., honum féllst þat vel í skap, it suited his mind well, he was pleased with it;

féllst hvárt öðru vel í geð, they loved each other;

12) with preps. and advs.,

falla af, to fall, abate (féll af vindr, byrr);

falla á e-n, to befall one;

þær féllu lyktir í, at, the end was, that;

falla í e-t, to fall into;

falla í brot, to fall in a fit;

falla í óvit, to faint, swoon;

falla í villu, to fall into heresy;

falla í vald e-s, to fall into one’s power;

féll veðrit í logn, the storm calmed down;

falla niðr, to fall, drop;

mitt kvæði mun skjótt niðr falla, my poem will soon be forgotten;

féll svá niðr þeirra tal, their conversation dropped, they left off talking;

falla saman, to fill in with, agree;

þó at eigi félli alit saman með þeim, though they, did not agree in everything;

falla til, to occur, happen, fall out;

ef auðna fellr til, if luck will have it so;

litlu síðar féll til fagrt leiði, fair wind came on;

öll þingviti, er til falla, all the fines that may fall in, be due;

nema þörf falli til, unless need be;

sem sakir falla til, as the case falls;

falla undir e-n, to fall to one’s lot (of inheritance, obligation);

arfr fellr undir e-n, devolves upon one;

falla út, to recede, of the tide (þá er út féll sjórinn);

falla við árar, to fall to at the oars.

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pret. féll, 2nd pers. féllt, mod. féllst, pl. féllu; pres. fell, pl. föllum; part. fallinn; reflex. féllsk, fallisk, etc., with the neg. suffix fellr-at, féll-at, féllsk-at, Am. 6, vide Lex. Poët. [Common to all Teut. languages except Goth. (Ulf. renders πίπτειν by drjûsan); A. S. feallan; Engl. fall; Germ. fallen; Dan. falde; Swed. falla.]

A. to fall; as in Engl. so in Icel. falla is the general word, used in the broadest sense; in the N. T. it is therefore used much in the same passages as in the Engl. V., e. g. Matth. v. 14, vii. 25, 27, x. 29, xii. 11, xiii. 4, xxi. 44, Luke xiv. 5, John xii. 24, Rom. xi. 11, xiv. 4, 1 Cor. x. 12, 1 Tim. vi. 9, Rev. viii. 10: blómstrið fellr, James i. 11: again, the verbs hrynja and hrapa denote ruin or sudden fall, detta a light fall, hrasa stumbling; thus in the N. T. hrynja is used, Luke xxiii. 30, Rev. vi. 16; hrapa, Luke x. 18, xi. 17, xiii. 4, Matth. xxiv. 29; hrasa, Luke x. 30; detta, xvi. 21: the proverb, eigi fellr tré við hit fyrsta högg, a tree falls not by the first stroke, Nj. 163, 224; hann féll fall mikit, Bs. i. 343; hón féll geigvænliga, id.; falla af baki, to fall from horseback, 344; f. áfram, to fall forwards, Nj. 165; f. á bak aptr, to fall on the back, 9; f. um háls e-m, to fall on one’s neck, Luke xv. 20; f. til jarðar, to fall to the ground, fall prostrate, Fms. vii. 13, Pass. 5. 4: to fall on one’s face, Stj. 422. Ruth ii. 10; f. fram, to fall down, Matth. iv. 9; f. dauðr ofan, to fall down dead, Fær. 31; ok jafnsnart féll á hann dimma og myrkr, Acts xiii. 11; hlutr fellr, the lot fell (vide hlut-fall), i. 26.

2. to fall dead, fall in battle, Lat. cadere, Nj. 31, Eg. 7, 495, Dropl. 25, 36, Hm. 159, Fms. i. 8, 11, 24, 38, 95, 173, 177, 178, ii. 318, 324, 329, iii. 5, iv. 14, v. 55, 59, 78, 85, vi. 406–421, vii–xi, passim.

3. of cattle, to die of plague or famine, Ann. 1341.

4. medic., falla í brot, to fall in a fit, Bs. i. 335; f. í óvit, to swoon, Nj. 210: the phrase, f. frá, to fall, die (frá-fall, death), Grág. i. 139, 401, Fms. iv. 230, vii. 275; f. í svefn, to fall asleep, Acts xx. 9.

II. to flow, run, of water, stream, tide, etc.: of the tide, særinn féll út frá landi, ebbed, Clem. 47; féll þar sær fyrir hellismunnann, the sea rose higher than the cave’s mouth, Orkn. 428; síðan féll sjór at, the tide rose, Ld. 58; ok þá er út féll sjórinn, Þorf. Karl. 420; sjórinn féll svá skjótt á land, at skipin vóru öll á floti, Fms. iv. 65: also used of snow, rain, dew, Vsp. 19; snjó-fall, a fall of snow: of the ashes of a volcano, cp. ösku-fall, s. v. aska: of a breaker, to dash, menn undruðusk er boði féll í logni, þar sem engi maðr vissi ván til at fyrri hefði fallit, Orkn. 164: of a river, nema þar falli á sú er eigi gengr fé yfir, Grág. ii. 256; vötn þau er ór jöklum höfðu fallit, Eg. 133; á féll ( flowed) við skála Ásólfs, Landn. 50, A. A. 285; þeir sá þá ós (fors, Hb.) mikinn falla í sjóinn, Landn. 29, v. l., cp. Fms. i. 236; Markar-fljót féll í millum höfuð-ísa, Nj. 142; á fellr austan, Vsp. 42; falla forsar, 58; læk er féll meðal landa þeirra, Landn. 145: of sea water, sjár kolblár fellr at þeim, the ship took in water, Ld. 118, Mar. 98; svá at inn féll um söxin, that the tea rushed in at the stern, Sturl. iii. 66.

2. to stream, of hair; hárit silki-bleikt er féll ( streamed) á herðar honum aptr, Fms. vii. 155.

β. of clothes, drapery, Edda (Ht. 2) 121.

III. to fall, of the wind; féll veðrit ok görði logn, the wind fell, Eg. 372; þá féll byrrinn, Eb. 8; ok fellr veðrit er þeir koma út at eyjum, Ld. 116; hón kvaðsk mundu ráða at veðrit félli eigi, Gullþ. 30; í því bili fellr andviðrit, Fbr. 67; þá féll af byrrinn, Fms. vi. 17.

2. falla niðr, to fall, drop; mitt kvæði mun skjótt niðr f., my poem will soon be forgotten, Fms. vi. 198; mun þat (in the poem) aldri niðr f. meðan Norðrlönd eru bygð, 372; féll svá þeirra tal, their speech dropped, they left off talking, Fas. iii. 579; as a law term, to let a thing drop, lát niðr f., Fs. 182; féllu hálfar bætr niðr fyrir sakastaði þá er hann þótti á eiga, Nj. 166, 250, Band. 18; þat eitt fellr niðr, Grág. i. 398, Fms. vii. 137; falla í verði, to fall in price, etc.

IV. to fail, be foiled, a law term; sá (viz. eiðr) fellr honum til útlegðar, i. e. if he fails in taking the oath he shall be liable to outlawry, N. G. L. i. 84 (eið-fall); en ef eiðr fellr, þá fari hann útlægr, K. Á. 214; fellr aldri sekt handa á milli, the fine is never cancelled, N. G. L. i. 345; f. á verkum sínum, to have been caught red-handed, to be justly slain, Eg. 736; vera fallinn at sókn, to fail in one’s suit, N. G. L. i. 166; hence metaph. fallin at frændum, failing, bereft of friends, Hðm. 5; fallinn frá minu máli, having given my case up, Sks. 554, 747; því dæmi ek fyrir dráp hans fallnar eignir ykkar, I sentence your estates to lie forfeited for his slaughter, Fs. 122; f. í konungs garð, to forfeit to the king’s treasury. Fms. iv. 227; reflex., ef honum fellsk þessor brigð, if his right of reclamation fails, Gþl. 300; ef menn fallask at því, if men fail in that, N. G. L. ii. 345; ef gerð fellsk, if the reparation comes to naught, id.; ef gerðar-menn láta fallask, if they fail to do their duty, id., cp. i. 133, 415; to fail, falter, in the phrase, e-m fallask hendr, the hands fail one; bliknaði hann ok féllusk honum hendr, Ó. H. 70; þá féllusk öllum Ásum orðtök ok svá hendr, their voice and hands alike failed them, Edda 37; en bóndum féllusk hendr, því á þeir höfðu þá engan foringja, Fms. vi. 281; féllusk þeim allar kveðjur er fyrir vóru, their greeting faltered, i. e. the greeting died on their lips, Nj. 140; vill sá eigi fallask fáta andsvör, he would not fail or falter in replying, Hkr. i. 260; féllskat saðr sviðri, her judgment did not fail, Am. 6.

V. metaph., falla í villu, to fall into heresy, Ver. 47; f. í hórdóm, to fall into whoredom, Sks. 588; f. í vald e-s. to fall into one’s power, Ld. 166; f. í fullsælu, to drop ( come suddenly) into great wealth, Band. 31; f. í fullting við e-n, to fall a-helping one, to take one’s part, Grág. i. 24; lyktir falla á e-t, to come to a close, issue, Fms. ix. 292. xi. 326; f. á, to fall on, of misfortune, vide á-fall.

2. falla undir e-n, to full to one’s lot, of inheritance, obligation; arfr fellr undir e-n. devolves upon one, Gþl. 215; f. frjáls á jörð to be free born, N. G. L. i. 32; f. ánanðigr á jörð, to be born a bondsman, Grág. ii. 192.

3. falla við árar, to fall to at the oars, Fms. xi. 73, 103; Þorgeirr féll þá svá fast á árar (pulled, so bard), at af gengu báðir háirnir, Grett. 125 A; f. fram við árar, id., Fas. ii. 495 (in a verse).

VI. to fall out, befall; ef auðna fellr til, if it so falls out by luck, Fms. iv. 148; ef auðna vildi til f. með þeim, xi. 267; litlu siðar fellr til fagrt leiði, a fair wind befell them, 426; alla hluti þá er til kunni f., Nj. 224; öll þingvíti er til f., all the fines that may fall in, be due, Gþl. 21; nema þörf falli til, unless a mishap befalls him, i. e. unless he be in a strait, 76; mér féll svá gæfusamliga, it befell me so luckily, Barl. 114; verðuliga er fallit á mik þetta tilfelli, this accident has justly befallen me, 115; sem sakir f. til, as the case falls, Eg. 89.

2. to fall, be produced; þat (the iron) fellr í firði þeim er Ger heitir, Fas. iii. 240; þar fellr hveiti ok vín, 360.

VII. impers. in the phrases, e-m fellr e-t þungt, létt, etc., a thing falls lightly, heavily upon, esp. of feeling; þetta mun yðr þungt f., it will fall heavily on you, Band. 18; felir þá keisaranum þyngra bardaginn, the battle fell out ill to ( turned against) the emperor, Fms. xi. 32; at oss mundi þungt f. þessi mál, Nj. 191.

2. the phrases, e-m fellr e-t nær, it falls nigh to one, touches one nearly; svá fellr mér þetta nær um trega, Nj. 170; sjá einn var svá hlutr, at Njáli féll svá nær, at hana mátti aldri óklökvandi um tala, this one thing touched Njal so nearly, that he could never speak of it without tears, 171; mér fellr eigi firr en honum, it touches me no less than him, Blas. 41; henni féll meinit svá, nær, at …, the illness fell on her so sore, that …, Bs. i. 178; féll henni nær allt saman, she was much vexed by it all (of illness), 351; e-t fellr bágliga, hörmuliga etc. fyrir e-m, things fall out sadly for one. Vígl. 30, El. 15.

B. Metaph. to fall in with, agree, fit, suit, Germ. gefallen:

I. to please, suit; kvað sér þat vel falla til aftekta, said that it suited him well for drawing taxes from, Fb. ii. 122: en allt þat, er hann heyrði frá himnaguði, féll honum harla vel, pleased him very well, Fms. i. 133; honum féll vel í eyru lofsorð konungs, the king’s praise suited his ears well, tickled, pleased his fancy, Bret. 16: reflex., þat lof fellsk honum í eyru, 4; jarli fellsk þat vel í eyru, the earl was well pleased to hear it, Bjarn. 7.

β. falla saman, to fall in with, comply, agree; en þó at eigi félli allt saman með þeim, though they did not agree in all, Bs. i. 723.

γ. féllsk vel á með þeim, they loved one another, Fas. i. 49; féll vel á með þeim Styrkári, i. e. he and S. were on good terms, Fms. iii. 120.

δ. honum féllsk þat vel í skap, it suited his mind well, pleased him, Fas. i. 364; féllsk hvárt öðru vel í geð, they agreed well, liked one another well, Band. 9; fallask á e-t, to like a thing; brátt kvartar að mér fellst ei á, Bb. 3. 23.

2. to beseem, befit; heldr fellr þeim ( it befits them), at sýna öðrum með góðvilja, Str. 2.

3. falla at e-u, to apply to, refer to; þetta eitt orð er at fellr eiðstafnum, Band. MS. 15 (Ed. 18 wrongly eiðrinn instead of eiðnum).

4. the phrase ‘falla við’ in Luke vi. 36 (bótin af því hinu nýja fellr eigi við hið gamla) means to agree with; hence also viðfeldinn, agreeable:—but in the two passages to be cited falla við seems to be intended for falda við, to enfold; hvergi nema þar sem falli við akr eða eng, unless field or meadow be increased or improved, N. G. L. ii. 116; ekki má falla (qs. falda) við hamingju-leysi mitt, ‘tis impossible to add a fold to my bad luck, it cannot be worse than it is, Al. 110.

II. part. fallinn; svá f., such-like, so framed; eitt lítið dýr er svá fallið, at …, a small animal is so framed, that …, Stj. 77; hví man hinn sami maðr svá fallinn, how can the same man be so framed? Fms. xi. 429:—in law phrases, such-like, as follows, svá fallinn vitnisburð, testimony as follows, Vm. 47; svo fallinn órskurð, dóm, etc., a decision, sentence … as follows, a standing phrase; þá leið fallinn, such, such-like (Germ. beschaffen), Stj. 154.

2. fallinn vel, illa, etc., well, ill-disposed; hann var vænn maðr ok vel fallinn, Fms. xi. 422; þau vóru tröll bæði ok at öllu illa fallin, Bárð. 165; fitted, worthy, bezt til konungs fallinn, Fms. i. 58; ok er hann bezt til þess f. af þessum þremr, vi. 386; at hann væri betr til fallinn at deyja fyrir þá sök en faðir hans, that he more deserved to die than his father did, x. 3; Ólafr er betr til yfirmanns f. enn mínir synir, Ld. 84; margir eru betr til fallnir fararinnar, Ísl. ii. 327; Hallgerðr kvað hann sér vel fallinn til verkstjóra, Nj. 57; sá er til þess er f., Sks. 299; ‘worthy,’ 1 Cor. vi. 2.

3. neut. fit; ok hætti þá er honum þótti fallit, when he thought fit, Fms. vi. 364; slík reip sem f. þykir, as seems needful, Sks. 420; væri þat vel fallit, at …, it would do well, to …, Fms. ii. 115; þat mun nú vel fallit, that will be right, that will do well, Nj. 145; kallaði vel til fallit, said it was quite right, Fms. xi. 321.

4. of a thing, with dat. suited to one; eigi þyki mér þér sú ferð vel fallin, i. e. this journey will not do for thee, will not do thee good, Fms. vi. 200; cp. ó-fallit, unfit.

(þær, þau), dem. pron. pl. they, those, answering to the sing. ‘sá, sú, þat’, and ‘hann, hón, þat’;

1) the neut. pl. ‘þau’ as collective for a masc. and fem.; síðan gengu þau (sc. Njáll and Bergthora) inn bæði;

2) ‘þeir’ is frequently used before an adv., or a prep. with its complement; þeir norðr þar, those there in the north; þeir fyrir austan árnar, those east of the rivers;

3) pleonast. before the names of two or more persons; þau Ásgerðr ok Þorsteinn, Asgerd and Thorstein; börn þeira Hildigunnar ok Kára váru þeir Starkaðr ok Flosi, the children of H. and K. were these, S. and F.; þeir feðgar, father and son;

4) ellipt., before the name of a single person; þeir Oddr, O. and his men; frá skiptum þeira Þórðar, about the dealings of Thord and Björn; þau Asgerðr, Asgerd and her son (Thorstein).

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þær, þau. This is the plur. of the personal pron., answering to sing. hann, hón, þat; gen. þeira and mod. þeirra; dat. þeim; acc. þá, þær, þau; in mod. speech þau is sounded þaug, which form occurs as early as Run. Gramm. of 1651, and often rhymes in mod. poets with words ending in g, e. g. flaug, þaug, Bb. 2. 17: [the A. S. uses the forms hi, hira, him, hi, and so in early South. E., whereas the North. E. has thay, thair, thaim; South. E. and Chaucer hii, here, hem, Morris’ Specimens, p. xv; Dan. de, deres, early Dan. deræ, dat. dem.]

A. They, them, theirs (see Gramm. p. xxi); töluðu þeir mart, ríða þeir heim af þingi; þeir kómu í Fljótshlíð, Gunnarr tók vel við þeim; Njáll mælti til þeirra …, slíkar fortölur hafði hann fyrir þeim, … þeir spurðu þær tíðenda, báðu þær eigi leyna, þær sögðu svá vera skyldu; at þeim muni ílla sækjask at vinna oss, … vér getum þá eigi með vápnum sótta, and so in endless instances.

2. a peculiarity of the Icel. is the constant use of the neut. plur. ‘þau’ as collective for a masc. and fem.; síðan gengu þau inn bæði (i. e. Njall and Bergthora), at hann skyldi breiða yfir þau húðina; börn þeirra Þjálfa ok Rösku, ok görðusk þau … þá er þau höfðu gengit litla hríð, Edda 28; Ask ok Emblu … önd þau né áttu óð þau né höfðu, Vsp.; and so also of things, e. g. þau páll og reka; þau hönd og fótr, and so on.

B. Special usages; this pronoun is used collectively before the names of two or more persons, the neuter being used when the persons are of different sexes:

1. where more than one are expressly named; þau Ásgerðr ok Þorsteinn, they, Asgerd and Thorstein, Eg. 702; þeir Starkaðr ok Þórðr, ok Flosi, Nj. 282; börn þeirra Hildigunnar ok Kára, the children of H. and K., id.; synir þeirra Starkaðar ok Hallberu vóru þeir Þorgeirr ok Börkr ok Þorkell, 89; synir hans vóru þeir Kolr ok Óttarr ok Haukr, id.; bræðr Hallgerðar vóru þeir Þorleikr, faðir Bolla, ok Ólafr faðir Kjartans, ok Bárðr, they, Thorleik, Olave, and Bard, 2; faðir þeirra Þorkels föður Brands, ok Þorgils föður míns, Jb. 20 (restored by Maurer; the emendation in the Editions is an error; the passage is parallel to that given above from Nj.); Þórr ok þeir lagsmenn, Thor and they—his followers, Edda 28.

2. ellipt., as it seems, where the one part is understood, and not named; in this case the neut. þau is used whenever the name understood is different in gender; þeim Oddi, to Odd and his men, Fms. vi. 379; þeir Vagn, W. and his men; þeir Pálnatóki, P. and his men, xi. 95; þeir Þóroddr, … þeim Þóroddi, Hkr. ii. 251; frá skiptum þeirra Þórðar, the dealings of Thord ( and Björn), Fms. iv. 110; þeir feðgar, they, father and son, Nj. 8; þau Ásgerðr, Asgerd and her son, Eg. 702; vinátta var með þeim frændum þeirra, i. e. between him and their kinsmen, Grett. 132; þeirra bræðra, Fms. xi. 160; þeir í Orkneyjum, Nj. 270; af þeim ( those) fyrir austan árnar, 210.—This use of the pronoun þeir, þær, þau is peculiar to the old Scandin. and Icel. tongue, and is not found in any other Teut. language. We take it to be a remnant from an ancient time when the article was still used detached and not suffixed, being, as in Homeric Greek, used half as a demonstrative pronoun; thus Iliad viii. 457, αϊδ Ἀθηναίη τε και Ἤρη, sounds quite Icel., þær Aþena og Hera; Icel. extend it also to the other cases, þeirra (gen.) Aþenu og Heru, þeim Aþenu og Heru; cp. also II. xiii. 496, 526; the usage of the neut., as above, seems peculiar to Icel. It is therefore an error to explain ‘þeir Þóroddr,’ etc., as if a copula ‘ok’ had been dropped between the pronoun and the pr. name, þeir ‘ok’ Þóroddr; it is in fact an elliptical abbreviated version of the usage in B. 1: similar is the use of hann and hón for the sing. (see hann B. II. p. 239, col. 1), and of Gr. ὁ as in Od. xxi. 181.

C. For this pronoun as demonstrative, see þat, p. 731.