tendrils

* * *

pampĭnārĭus, a, um, adj. [pampinus], of or belonging to tendrils, that has tendrils: palmitum duo genera sunt: alterum, quod, quia primo anno plerumque frondem sine fructu affert, pampinarium vocant, etc., Col. 5, 6, 29:

sarmentum,

id. 3, 10, 5:

virga,

id. 3, 10, 7:

materiae,

id. 4, 24, 11.—

Subst.: pampĭnārĭum, ii, n., i. q. pampinarium sarmentum, a tendril-branch, leaf-branch, Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 157; 17, 22, 35, § 181.

pampĭnārĭus, a, um, adj. [pampinus], of or belonging to tendrils, that has tendrils: palmitum duo genera sunt: alterum, quod, quia primo anno plerumque frondem sine fructu affert, pampinarium vocant, etc., Col. 5, 6, 29:

sarmentum,

id. 3, 10, 5:

virga,

id. 3, 10, 7:

materiae,

id. 4, 24, 11.—

Subst.: pampĭnārĭum, ii, n., i. q. pampinarium sarmentum, a tendril-branch, leaf-branch, Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 157; 17, 22, 35, § 181.

ampŭtātĭo, ōnis, f. [amputo], a pruning, lopping off of branches, tendrils, etc.

Lit.: sarmentorum, * Cic. Sen. 15.—

Meton., the part that has been cut off, a cutting, Plin. 12, 25, 54, § 118.

artĭcŭlātĭo, ōnis, f. [articulo] (belonging to the lang. of the vineyard).

The putting forth of new joints or knots, Plin. 16, 25, 41, § 101; 17, 21, 35, § 163.—

A disease of the vine at the joints of the tendrils, Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 226.

artus (not arctus), a, um, adj. [v. arma], prop. fitted; hence,

Lit., close, strait, narrow, confined, short, brief:

exierunt regionibus artis,

Lucr. 6, 120:

claustra,

id. 1, 70; so id. 3, 808:

nec tamen haec ita sunt arta et astricta, ut ea laxare nequeamus,

Cic. Or. 65, 220:

artioribus apud populum Romanum laqueis tenebitur,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 5:

nullum vinculum ad astringendam fidem jure jurando majores artius esse voluerunt,

id. Off. 3, 31, 111:

compages,

Verg. A. 1, 293:

nexus,

Ov. M. 6, 242:

arto stipata theatro,

pressed together in a contracted theatre, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 60:

toga,

a narrow toga without folds, id. ib. 1, 18, 30 (cf. exigua toga, id. ib. 1, 19, 13):

nimis arta convivia,

i. e. with too many guests, who are therefore compelled to sit close together, id. ib. 1, 5, 29 et saep.—Hence, subst.: artum, i, n., a narrow place or passage:

ventus cum confercit, franguntur in arto montes nimborum,

Lucr. 6, 158 Lachm.:

multiplicatis in arto ordinibus,

Liv. 2, 50; so id. 34, 15:

nec desilies imitator in artum,

nor, by imitating, leap into a close place, Hor. A. P. 134.—

Trop., strict, severe, scanty, brief, small:

sponte suā cecidit sub leges artaque jura,

subjected himself to the severity of the laws, Lucr. 5, 1147:

Additae leges artae et ideo superbae quasque etc.,

Plin. 16, 4, 5, § 12:

vincula amoris artissima,

Cic. Att. 6, 2: artior somnus, a sounder or deeper sleep, id. Rep. 6, 10:

arti commeatus,

Liv. 2, 34; Tac. H. 4, 26; cf.:

in arto commeatus,

id. ib. 3, 13:

artissimae tenebrae,

very thick darkness, Suet. Ner. 46 (for which, in class. Lat., densus, v. Bremi ad h. l., and cf. densus) al.—So, colligere in artum, to compress, abridge:

quae (volumina) a me collecta in artum,

Plin. 8, 16, 17, § 44.—Of hope, small, scanty:

spes artior aquae manantis,

Col. 1, 5, 2: ne spem sibi ponat in arto, diminish hope, expectation, [p. 169] Ov. M. 9, 683:

quia plus quam unum ex patriciis creari non licebat, artior petitio quattuor petentibus erat,

i. e. was harder, had less ground of hope, Liv. 39, 32; and of circumstances in life, etc., straitened, distressing, wretched, needy, indigent (so in and after the Aug. per. for the class. angustus):

rebus in artis,

Ov. P. 3, 2, 25:

artas res nuntiaret,

Tac. H. 3, 69:

tam artis afflictisque rebus,

Flor. 2, 6, 31; so Sil. 7, 310:

fortuna artior expensis,

Stat. S. 5, 3, 117:

ne in arto res esset,

Liv. 26, 17.— Adv.: artē (not arcte), closely, close, fast, firmly.

Lit.:

arte (manus) conliga,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 29:

boves arte ad stipites religare,

Col. 6, 2, 5:

arte continere aliquid,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

aciem arte statuere,

Sall. J. 52, 6:

arte accubare,

Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 39.— Comp.:

calorem artius continere,

Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 25:

artius astringi,

Hor. Epod. 15, 5:

signa artius conlocare,

Sall. C. 59, 2:

artius ire,

Curt. 4, 13, 34:

artius pressiusque conflictari,

Gell. 10, 6.— Sup.:

milites quam artissime ire jubet,

Sall. J. 68, 4:

artissime plantas serere,

Plin. 12, 3, 7, § 16.—

Trop.:

arte contenteque aliquem habere,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 63; id. Merc. prol. 64:

arte et graviter dormire,

soundly, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59:

arte appellare aliquem,

briefly, by shortening his name, Ov. P. 4, 12, 10:

artius adstringere rationem,

Cic. Fat. 14, 32:

abstinentiam artissime constringere,

Val. Max. 2, 2, 8.—

Transf.:

arte diligere aliquem,

strongly, deeply, Plin. Ep. 6, 8; so also id. ib. 2, 13.

artus, ūs, m. [id.], mostly plur. (artua, n., Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 102; quoted in Non. p. 191, 12.—Hence, dat. acc. to Vel. Long. p. 2229 P. and Ter. Scaur. p. 2260 P. artibus; yet the ancient grammarians give their decision in favor of artubus, which form is also supported by the best MSS.; cf. arcus.—The singular is found only in Luc. 6, 754; Val. Fl. 4, 310, and Prisc. p. 1219 P.).

A.. Lit., a joint:

molles commissurae et artus (digitorum),

Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 150:

suffraginum artus,

Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 248:

elapsi in pravum artus,

Tac. H. 4, 81:

dolor artuum,

gout, Cic. Brut. 60, 217.—Sometimes connected with membra, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 102:

copia materiaï Cogitur interdum flecti per membra, per artus,

in every joint and limb, Lucr. 2, 282; 3, 703 al.; Suet. Calig. 28; cf.

Baumg.-Crus., Clavis ad Suet.: cernere laceros artus, truncata membra,

Plin. Pan. 52, 5.—

Trop., the muscular strength in the joints; hence, in gen., strength, power: Epicharmeion illud teneto;

nervos atque artus esse sapientiae, non temere credere,

Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 10.—More freq.,

The limbs in gen. (very freq., esp. in the poets; in Lucr. about sixty times): cum tremulis anus attulit artubus lumen, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 36 Vahl.); so Lucr. 3, 7; cf. id. 3, 488; 6, 1189:

artubus omnibus contremiscam,

Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 121: dum nati (sc. Absyrti) dissupatos artus captaret parens, vet. poet. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 26, 67:

copia concita per artus Omnīs,

Lucr. 2, 267:

moribundi artus,

id. 3, 129 al.:

rogumque parari Vidit et arsuros supremis ignibus artus, etc.,

Ov. M. 2, 620 al.:

salsusque per artus Sudor iit,

Verg. A. 2, 173; 1, 173 al.:

veste strictā et singulos artus exprimente,

and showing each limb, Tac. G. 17:

artus in frusta concident,

Vulg. Lev. 1, 6; 8, 20;

ib. Job, 16, 8.—Of plants: stat per se vitis sine ullo pedamento, artus suos in se colligens,

its tendrils, Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 13, where Jahn reads arcus.

artus (not arctus), a, um, adj. [v. arma], prop. fitted; hence,

Lit., close, strait, narrow, confined, short, brief:

exierunt regionibus artis,

Lucr. 6, 120:

claustra,

id. 1, 70; so id. 3, 808:

nec tamen haec ita sunt arta et astricta, ut ea laxare nequeamus,

Cic. Or. 65, 220:

artioribus apud populum Romanum laqueis tenebitur,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 5:

nullum vinculum ad astringendam fidem jure jurando majores artius esse voluerunt,

id. Off. 3, 31, 111:

compages,

Verg. A. 1, 293:

nexus,

Ov. M. 6, 242:

arto stipata theatro,

pressed together in a contracted theatre, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 60:

toga,

a narrow toga without folds, id. ib. 1, 18, 30 (cf. exigua toga, id. ib. 1, 19, 13):

nimis arta convivia,

i. e. with too many guests, who are therefore compelled to sit close together, id. ib. 1, 5, 29 et saep.—Hence, subst.: artum, i, n., a narrow place or passage:

ventus cum confercit, franguntur in arto montes nimborum,

Lucr. 6, 158 Lachm.:

multiplicatis in arto ordinibus,

Liv. 2, 50; so id. 34, 15:

nec desilies imitator in artum,

nor, by imitating, leap into a close place, Hor. A. P. 134.—

Trop., strict, severe, scanty, brief, small:

sponte suā cecidit sub leges artaque jura,

subjected himself to the severity of the laws, Lucr. 5, 1147:

Additae leges artae et ideo superbae quasque etc.,

Plin. 16, 4, 5, § 12:

vincula amoris artissima,

Cic. Att. 6, 2: artior somnus, a sounder or deeper sleep, id. Rep. 6, 10:

arti commeatus,

Liv. 2, 34; Tac. H. 4, 26; cf.:

in arto commeatus,

id. ib. 3, 13:

artissimae tenebrae,

very thick darkness, Suet. Ner. 46 (for which, in class. Lat., densus, v. Bremi ad h. l., and cf. densus) al.—So, colligere in artum, to compress, abridge:

quae (volumina) a me collecta in artum,

Plin. 8, 16, 17, § 44.—Of hope, small, scanty:

spes artior aquae manantis,

Col. 1, 5, 2: ne spem sibi ponat in arto, diminish hope, expectation, [p. 169] Ov. M. 9, 683:

quia plus quam unum ex patriciis creari non licebat, artior petitio quattuor petentibus erat,

i. e. was harder, had less ground of hope, Liv. 39, 32; and of circumstances in life, etc., straitened, distressing, wretched, needy, indigent (so in and after the Aug. per. for the class. angustus):

rebus in artis,

Ov. P. 3, 2, 25:

artas res nuntiaret,

Tac. H. 3, 69:

tam artis afflictisque rebus,

Flor. 2, 6, 31; so Sil. 7, 310:

fortuna artior expensis,

Stat. S. 5, 3, 117:

ne in arto res esset,

Liv. 26, 17.— Adv.: artē (not arcte), closely, close, fast, firmly.

Lit.:

arte (manus) conliga,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 29:

boves arte ad stipites religare,

Col. 6, 2, 5:

arte continere aliquid,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

aciem arte statuere,

Sall. J. 52, 6:

arte accubare,

Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 39.— Comp.:

calorem artius continere,

Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 25:

artius astringi,

Hor. Epod. 15, 5:

signa artius conlocare,

Sall. C. 59, 2:

artius ire,

Curt. 4, 13, 34:

artius pressiusque conflictari,

Gell. 10, 6.— Sup.:

milites quam artissime ire jubet,

Sall. J. 68, 4:

artissime plantas serere,

Plin. 12, 3, 7, § 16.—

Trop.:

arte contenteque aliquem habere,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 63; id. Merc. prol. 64:

arte et graviter dormire,

soundly, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59:

arte appellare aliquem,

briefly, by shortening his name, Ov. P. 4, 12, 10:

artius adstringere rationem,

Cic. Fat. 14, 32:

abstinentiam artissime constringere,

Val. Max. 2, 2, 8.—

Transf.:

arte diligere aliquem,

strongly, deeply, Plin. Ep. 6, 8; so also id. ib. 2, 13.

artus, ūs, m. [id.], mostly plur. (artua, n., Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 102; quoted in Non. p. 191, 12.—Hence, dat. acc. to Vel. Long. p. 2229 P. and Ter. Scaur. p. 2260 P. artibus; yet the ancient grammarians give their decision in favor of artubus, which form is also supported by the best MSS.; cf. arcus.—The singular is found only in Luc. 6, 754; Val. Fl. 4, 310, and Prisc. p. 1219 P.).

A.. Lit., a joint:

molles commissurae et artus (digitorum),

Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 150:

suffraginum artus,

Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 248:

elapsi in pravum artus,

Tac. H. 4, 81:

dolor artuum,

gout, Cic. Brut. 60, 217.—Sometimes connected with membra, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 102:

copia materiaï Cogitur interdum flecti per membra, per artus,

in every joint and limb, Lucr. 2, 282; 3, 703 al.; Suet. Calig. 28; cf.

Baumg.-Crus., Clavis ad Suet.: cernere laceros artus, truncata membra,

Plin. Pan. 52, 5.—

Trop., the muscular strength in the joints; hence, in gen., strength, power: Epicharmeion illud teneto;

nervos atque artus esse sapientiae, non temere credere,

Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 10.—More freq.,

The limbs in gen. (very freq., esp. in the poets; in Lucr. about sixty times): cum tremulis anus attulit artubus lumen, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 36 Vahl.); so Lucr. 3, 7; cf. id. 3, 488; 6, 1189:

artubus omnibus contremiscam,

Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 121: dum nati (sc. Absyrti) dissupatos artus captaret parens, vet. poet. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 26, 67:

copia concita per artus Omnīs,

Lucr. 2, 267:

moribundi artus,

id. 3, 129 al.:

rogumque parari Vidit et arsuros supremis ignibus artus, etc.,

Ov. M. 2, 620 al.:

salsusque per artus Sudor iit,

Verg. A. 2, 173; 1, 173 al.:

veste strictā et singulos artus exprimente,

and showing each limb, Tac. G. 17:

artus in frusta concident,

Vulg. Lev. 1, 6; 8, 20;

ib. Job, 16, 8.—Of plants: stat per se vitis sine ullo pedamento, artus suos in se colligens,

its tendrils, Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 13, where Jahn reads arcus.

căprĕŏlus, i, m. [as if from capreus, caprea].

A kind of wild goat, chamois, roebuck, Verg. E. 2, 41; Col. 9, 1, 1.—

Transf., named from the form of their horns,

An implement with two prongs for cutting up weeds, a weeding-hoe, Col. 11, 3, 46.—

In plur.:

capreoli, in mechanics,

short pieces of timber inclining to each other, which support something, supports, props, stays, Vitr. 4, 2; 5, 1; 10, 15; 10, 20; 10, 21; Caes. B. C. 2, 10; Isid. Orig. 17, 5, 11.—

Of vines, the small tendrils which support the branches, Col. 1, 31, 4; Paul. ex Fest. p. 57 Müll.; Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 208.

caulis ( cōlis, Cato, R. R. 35, 2; Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 2; 1, 41, 6; Col. 5, 6, 36; id. Arb. 9, 2; also in Hor. S. 2, 4, 15, the best MSS have colis; and coles, Cels. 6, 18, 2; cf. cauliculus), is, m., = kaulos, the stalk or stem of a plant:

brassicae,

Cato, R. R. 157, 2:

cepae,

Col. 11, 3, 21 and 58:

fabarum,

Plin. 18, 12, 30, § 120 et saep.:

dictamni,

Verg. A. 12, 413.—Of the vine, the tendrils, Cato, R. R. 33, 4; Col. 4, 7, 2.—

kat exochên, a cabbage-stalk, a cabbage, colewort, Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120; Hor. S. 1, 3, 116; 2, 4, 15; 2, 2, 62; 2, 3, 125; Col 10, 369; 12, 7, 5; Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 240.—

Of things of a similar form.

Pennae, a quill Plin. 11, 39, 94, § 228.—

The stem or bony part of an ox ' s tail, Plin. 11, 50, 111, § 265.—

In insects, a tube by which eggs are deposited, Plin. 11, 29, 35, § 101.—

= membrum virile, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 399, 1:

(coles),

Cels. 6, 18, 2; cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 413.

pampĭnātus, a, um, Part., from pampino.

pampĭnātus, a, um, adj. [pampinus], having tendrils and leaves.

Lit.: lanceam argenteam pampinatam librarum triginta, Gallien. Ep. ap. Treb. Claud. 17, 5. —

Transf., tendril-shaped, tendril-like, Plin. 16, 42, 82, § 225.

pampĭno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [id.], to pluck or lop off the superfluous tendrils, shoots, and leaves of vines, to trim vines.

Lit.:

pampinare est ex sarmento coles qui nati sunt, de iis qui plurimum valent, primum ac secundum, nonnumquam etiam tertium relinquere, reliquos decerpere,

Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 2; Cato, R. R. 33, 3:

pampinandi modus,

Col. 5, 5, 14:

vineas,

Plin. 18, 27, 67, § 254; Col. Arb. 11.—

Transf., in gen., to trim or prune trees:

salix non minus, quam vinea pampinatur,

Col. 4, 31, 2; 5, 10, 21; 11, 2, 79 saep.

prŏcax, ācis, adj. [id.], bold, shameless, impudent, insolent, forward, pert, wanton (class.; syn.: petulans, protervus).

Of persons:

leno procax, rapax, trahax,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 6:

procaciores estis vos,

id. Truc. 1, 2, 52:

non solum meretrix, sed etiam procax,

Cic. Cael. 20, 49:

procax in lacessendo,

id. Fam. 7, 13, 2:

procax ore,

Tac. H. 2, 23:

ingenio,

id. A. 14, 15:

lingua,

id. ib. 1, 16:

moribus,

id. H. 3, 62.—With gen.:

procax otii, i. e. in otio,

Tac. A. 13, 46. —

Of things:

procaces manus,

Plin. 22, 6, 7, § 17:

Fescennina locutio,

Cat. 61, 126:

sermo,

Sall. C. 25, 5:

libertas,

Phaedr. 1, 2, 2:

nequitiae procaciores,

Mart. 5, 2, 3:

aliquem procacibus scriptis diffamare,

Tac. A. 1, 72:

procacissima lixarum ingenia,

id. H. 2, 87:

mulier meretrix et procax,

Vulg. Ezech. 16, 30.—Of the vine: maritas populos complexae, atque per ramos earum procacibus brachiis scandentes, with wanton arms, i. e. entwining tendrils, Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 10.— Poet.:

Auster,

i. e. stormy, Verg. A. 1, 536.—Hence, adv.: prŏcācĭter, boldly, impudently, wantonly (not in Cic. or Cæs.):

finem procaciter orto sermoni imponere,

Curt. 8, 1, 32: procacius stipendium flagitare quam ex modestiā militari. Liv. 28, 24; Tac. A. 5, 4:

procacissime patris tui memoriam illudunt,

Curt. 8, 1, 34:

vultum obfirmare,

Vulg. Prov. 21, 29.