tōnsa

tonsa, ae, f. [perh. from tundo], an oar ( poet.; mostly in plur.; syn. remus).

Sing.: in mari magno tenere tonsam, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 356 Müll. (Sota, v. 3 Vahl. p. 164):

valida tonsa,

Val. Fl. 1, 369. —

Plur., Enn. ap. Fest. p. 356 Müll. (Ann. v. 232; 235; 236 Vahl.); Lucr. 2, 554; Verg. A. 7, 28; 10, 299; Luc. 3, 527; 5, 448; Sil. 11, 492; Sen. Agam. 443 al.

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ENG white-spotted Wattle-eye

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bĭpennis ( - pinnis), e, adj. [bispenna], having two wings, two-winged (very rare):

insectum,

Plin. 11, 28, 33, § 96 (cf. just before, binis advolat pinnis): plumae, Varr. ap. Non. p. 79, 17.

bĭpennis, e ( acc. sing. reg. bipennem, Varr. ap. Non. p. 79, 19; Verg. A. 5, 307; 11, 651; Petr. 132, 8; Juv. 6, 657; Claud. in Eutr. 1, 333; Sil. 5, 64: bipennim, only in Ov. M. 8, 766, with the var. lect. bipennem.— Abl. sing. reg. bipenni, Verg. A. 2, 479; Ov. M. 12, 611; Petr. 89, 24; Sen. Herc. Oet. 800; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 345; id. Rapt. Pros. 3, 79; 3, 377; Sil. 16, 264;

and in prose,

Plin. 8, 8, 8, § 26:

bipenne, only once,

Tib. 1, 6, 47) [bis-pinna].

Adj., having two edges, two-edged: securis, Varr. ap. Non. p. 79, 19:

ferrum,

Verg. A. 11, 135.—Far more freq.,

Subst.: bĭpen-nis, is, f. (sc. securis; cf. Prisc. p. 652 P.), an axe with two edges, a battle-axe (mostly poet.; only found in the nom., dat., acc., and abl. sing., and in nom. and abl. plur.):

bipennis dicitur, quod ex utrāque parte habeat acutam aciem, quasi duas pennas. Pennum autem antiqui acutum dicebant,

Isid. Orig. 19, 19, 11; cf. id. ib. 11, 1, 46:

a pinnā (quod est acutum) securis utrinque habens aciem bipennis,

Quint. 1, 4, 12:

correptā dura bipenni Limina perrumpit,

Verg. A. 2, 479; 2, 627; 11, 135; id. G. 4, 331; Ov. M. 5, 79; 12, 611; Phaedr. 4, 6, 7; Tac. Agr. 10:

duris ut ilex tonsa bipennibus,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 57; so Claud. in Eutr. 2, 414; id. Laud. Stil. 1, 231; Plin. 8, 8, 8, § 26; Sil. 16, 264.

com-mendo ( conm-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [1. mando], to commit to one for preservation, protection, etc., to intrust to one ' s charge, commit to one ' s care, commend to.

Prop.

Lit., implying a physical delivery, to deposit with, intrust to; constr. aliquem or aliquid alicui, or absol.:

commendare nihil aliud est quam deponere,

Dig. 50, 16, 186:

Oratorem meum—sic enim inscripsi— Sabino tuo commendavi,

Cic. Fam. 15, 20, 1:

sacrum sacrove commendatum qui clepsit rapsitve parricida esto,

id. Leg. 2, 9, 22; 2, 16, 40:

nummos alicui,

Dig. 16, 3, 24:

corpus alicui loco,

Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 4:

CORPORA SARCOPHAGO,

Inscr. Orell. 4370.— Poet.:

semina sulcis,

Sil. 15, 541.—With apud or ad and acc. (rare and post-class.): Demetrius duos filios apud Gnidium hospitem suum cum magno auri pondere commendaverat, [p. 377] Just. 35, 2, 1:

cujus beneficio ad sororem Medeam est commendatus,

Hyg. Fab. 3.—

Trop.:

ego me tuae commendo et committo fidei,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 47 (cf.:

bona nostra haec tibi permitto et tuae mando fide,

id. And. 1, 5, 61); so,

commendare se patri in clientelam et fidem,

id. Eun. 5, 8, 9; 3, 5, 29:

tibi ejus omnia negotia, libertos, procuratores, familiam,

Cic. Fam. 1, 3, 2:

vos sum testatus, vobis me ac meos commendavi,

id. Dom. 57, 145:

totum me tuo amori fideique,

id. Att. 3, 20, 2:

tibi suos testamento liberos,

id. Fin. 3, 2, 9:

simul atque natum sit animal, ipsum sibi conciliari et commendari ad se conservandum,

id. ib. 3, 5, 16; * Cat. 15, 1; Ov. M. 6, 495:

aliquem diis,

Tac. A. 4, 17; cf. id. ib. 15, 23:

rempublicam patribus,

id. H. 1, 90; Suet. Aug. 56.— Trop.: aliquid litteris, to commit to writing, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 2:

historiam immortalitati,

Cic. de Or. 2, 9, 36:

nomen tuum immortalitati,

id. Fam. 10, 12, 5; cf.:

nomen suum posteritati,

Curt. 9, 3, 5:

eum sempiternae gloriae,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 6: se fugae, Auct. B. Afr. 34.—

Esp., of the dying, to commend children, parents, etc., to the care of others:

is, qui morti addictus esset, paucos sibi dies commendandorum suorum causā postulavisset,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 46:

hi de suā salute desperantes... parentes suos commendabant, si quos ex eo periculo fortuna servare potuisset,

Caes. B. C. 2, 41:

ille tibi moriens nos commendavit senex,

Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 11; Prop. 4 (5), 11, 73:

tibi suos testamento liberos,

Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 9.—

In gen., to commend or recommend, i. e. to procure favor for, to make agreeable, to set off with advantage, to grace (class.):

principes undique convenire et se civitatesque suas Caesari commendare coeperunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 27 fin.;

Auct. B. G. 8, 50: P. Rutilii adulescentiam ad opinionem et conscientiae et juris scientiae P. Mucii commendavit domus,

Cic. Off. 2, 13, 47:

(vox) quae una maxime eloquentiam vel commendat vel sustinet,

id. de Or. 1, 59, 252; cf.:

nullā re unā magis oratorem commendari quam verborum splendore et copiā,

id. Brut. 59, 216; id. Att. 13, 19, 2; Quint. 6, 1, 21:

adfectus nemo historicorum commendavit magis,

id. 10, 1, 101:

quod me Lucanae commendet amicae,

Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 21:

marmora commendantur maculis aut coloribus,

Plin. 36, 6, 8, § 49:

compluresque tribuni militum ad Caesarem veniunt seque ei commendant,

Caes. B. C. 1, 74:

hoc idcirco commemoratum a te puto, uti te infimo ordini commendares,

Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3:

se civibus impiis,

id. ib. 5, 1, 3:

cum se numeris commendat et arte,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 261:

se tonsā cute,

id. ib. 1, 18, 7:

his factis abunde se posteritati commendasset,

Val. Max. 5, 1, ext. 2.—Hence, commendātus, a, um, P. a.

Commended, recommended to:

quae res gloriosior? quae commendatior erit memoriae hominum sempiternae?

Cic. Phil. 2, 13, 32; id. Balb. 18, 43:

ceteris rebus habeas eos a me commendatissimos,

id. Fam. 12, 26, 2; 2, 8, 3; 13, 10, 2; 13, 64, 1.—

Agreeable, approved, distinguished, valued:

vultus commendatior,

Petr. 110, 5:

calami,

Plin. 16, 36, 65, § 161:

fama commendatior,

id. 25, 10, 81, § 130.

com-mendo ( conm-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [1. mando], to commit to one for preservation, protection, etc., to intrust to one ' s charge, commit to one ' s care, commend to.

Prop.

Lit., implying a physical delivery, to deposit with, intrust to; constr. aliquem or aliquid alicui, or absol.:

commendare nihil aliud est quam deponere,

Dig. 50, 16, 186:

Oratorem meum—sic enim inscripsi— Sabino tuo commendavi,

Cic. Fam. 15, 20, 1:

sacrum sacrove commendatum qui clepsit rapsitve parricida esto,

id. Leg. 2, 9, 22; 2, 16, 40:

nummos alicui,

Dig. 16, 3, 24:

corpus alicui loco,

Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 4:

CORPORA SARCOPHAGO,

Inscr. Orell. 4370.— Poet.:

semina sulcis,

Sil. 15, 541.—With apud or ad and acc. (rare and post-class.): Demetrius duos filios apud Gnidium hospitem suum cum magno auri pondere commendaverat, [p. 377] Just. 35, 2, 1:

cujus beneficio ad sororem Medeam est commendatus,

Hyg. Fab. 3.—

Trop.:

ego me tuae commendo et committo fidei,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 47 (cf.:

bona nostra haec tibi permitto et tuae mando fide,

id. And. 1, 5, 61); so,

commendare se patri in clientelam et fidem,

id. Eun. 5, 8, 9; 3, 5, 29:

tibi ejus omnia negotia, libertos, procuratores, familiam,

Cic. Fam. 1, 3, 2:

vos sum testatus, vobis me ac meos commendavi,

id. Dom. 57, 145:

totum me tuo amori fideique,

id. Att. 3, 20, 2:

tibi suos testamento liberos,

id. Fin. 3, 2, 9:

simul atque natum sit animal, ipsum sibi conciliari et commendari ad se conservandum,

id. ib. 3, 5, 16; * Cat. 15, 1; Ov. M. 6, 495:

aliquem diis,

Tac. A. 4, 17; cf. id. ib. 15, 23:

rempublicam patribus,

id. H. 1, 90; Suet. Aug. 56.— Trop.: aliquid litteris, to commit to writing, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 2:

historiam immortalitati,

Cic. de Or. 2, 9, 36:

nomen tuum immortalitati,

id. Fam. 10, 12, 5; cf.:

nomen suum posteritati,

Curt. 9, 3, 5:

eum sempiternae gloriae,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 6: se fugae, Auct. B. Afr. 34.—

Esp., of the dying, to commend children, parents, etc., to the care of others:

is, qui morti addictus esset, paucos sibi dies commendandorum suorum causā postulavisset,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 46:

hi de suā salute desperantes... parentes suos commendabant, si quos ex eo periculo fortuna servare potuisset,

Caes. B. C. 2, 41:

ille tibi moriens nos commendavit senex,

Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 11; Prop. 4 (5), 11, 73:

tibi suos testamento liberos,

Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 9.—

In gen., to commend or recommend, i. e. to procure favor for, to make agreeable, to set off with advantage, to grace (class.):

principes undique convenire et se civitatesque suas Caesari commendare coeperunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 27 fin.;

Auct. B. G. 8, 50: P. Rutilii adulescentiam ad opinionem et conscientiae et juris scientiae P. Mucii commendavit domus,

Cic. Off. 2, 13, 47:

(vox) quae una maxime eloquentiam vel commendat vel sustinet,

id. de Or. 1, 59, 252; cf.:

nullā re unā magis oratorem commendari quam verborum splendore et copiā,

id. Brut. 59, 216; id. Att. 13, 19, 2; Quint. 6, 1, 21:

adfectus nemo historicorum commendavit magis,

id. 10, 1, 101:

quod me Lucanae commendet amicae,

Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 21:

marmora commendantur maculis aut coloribus,

Plin. 36, 6, 8, § 49:

compluresque tribuni militum ad Caesarem veniunt seque ei commendant,

Caes. B. C. 1, 74:

hoc idcirco commemoratum a te puto, uti te infimo ordini commendares,

Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3:

se civibus impiis,

id. ib. 5, 1, 3:

cum se numeris commendat et arte,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 261:

se tonsā cute,

id. ib. 1, 18, 7:

his factis abunde se posteritati commendasset,

Val. Max. 5, 1, ext. 2.—Hence, commendātus, a, um, P. a.

Commended, recommended to:

quae res gloriosior? quae commendatior erit memoriae hominum sempiternae?

Cic. Phil. 2, 13, 32; id. Balb. 18, 43:

ceteris rebus habeas eos a me commendatissimos,

id. Fam. 12, 26, 2; 2, 8, 3; 13, 10, 2; 13, 64, 1.—

Agreeable, approved, distinguished, valued:

vultus commendatior,

Petr. 110, 5:

calami,

Plin. 16, 36, 65, § 161:

fama commendatior,

id. 25, 10, 81, § 130.

cŏrō̆na (in the ante-Aug. per. sometimes written chorona, acc. to Quint. 1, 5, 20; cf. the letter C), ae, f., = korônê, a garland, chaplet, wreath.

Lit., of natural or artificial flowers, etc. (very freq. used for personal adornment at festivals, when sacrificing, or as a gift for friends, etc., for ornamenting the images of the gods, edifices, victims, the dead, etc.), Lucr. 5, 1399; Lex XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 21, 3, 5, § 7; Plaut. Men. 3, 1, 16; Cic. Fl. 31, 75; id. Leg. 2, 24, 60; Liv. 23, 11, 5; 38, 14, 5; Curt. 4, 2, 2; 4, 4, 5; Hor. C. 1, 26, 8; id. Ep. 2, 2, 96; Tac. A. 2, 57; 15, 12; 16, 4; id. H. 2, 55 et saep.:

coronas bibere,

i. e. to throw into the cup leaves plucked from the garlands, Plin. 21, 3, 9, § 12. Vid. the artt. sacerdotalis, funebris, sepulchralis, convivialis, nuptialis, natalitia, Etrusca, pactilis, plectilis, sutilis, tonsa or tonsilis, radiata, and pampinea.— Poet.:

perenni fronde corona,

i. e. immortal, poetic renown, Lucr. 1, 119.—As emblem of royalty, a crown:

regni corona = diadema,

Verg. A. 8, 505. —Concerning the different kinds of garlands or crowns given to soldiers as a prize of bravery (castrensis or vallaris, civica, muralis, navalis or rostrata, obsidionalis, triumphalis, oleagina, etc.), v. Gell. 5, 6; Dict. of Antiq.; and the artt. castrensis, civicus, muralis, etc.—

Esp.: corona fidei, the crown of martyrdom (eccl. Lat.), Cypr. Ep. 58; 60; Lact. Epit. 72, 23;

and corona alone,

Lact. 4, 25, 10; id. Mort. Pers. 16, 11.—

Sub coronā vendere, t. t. of the lang. of business, to sell captives as slaves (since they were crowned with chaplets; cf. Caelius Sabinus ap. Gell. 7, 4, 3;

and corono, I.),

Caes. B. G. 3, 16; Liv. 42, 63, 12; so,

sub coronā venire,

id. 9, 42, 8; 38, 29, 11; 41, 11, 8:

sub coronā venundari,

Tac. A. 13, 39; id. H. 1, 68:

sub coronā emere,

Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 4.—

As a constellation.

The northern crown (according to the fable, the crown of Ariadne transferred to heaven;

v. Ariadna),

Cic. Arat. 351 sq.; Caes. German. Arat. 71;

called Gnosia stella Coronae,

Verg. G. 1, 222:

Cressa Corona,

Ov. A. A. 1, 558:

Ariadnea Corona,

Manil. 5, 21; cf. also Ov. M. 8, 181; Plin. 18, 26, 60, § 224 al.—

The southern crown, Caes. German. Arat. 391.—

Meton., of objects in the form of a crown.

Most freq., a circle of men, an assembly, crowd, multitude (esp. of judicial assemblies), Cic. Fl. 28, 69; id. Phil. 2, 44, 112; id. Mil. 1, 1; id. Fin. 2, 22, 74; Quint. 12, 10, 74; Suet. Aug. 93 al.; Cat. 53, 1; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 53; Ov. M. 13, 1 al.—Hence,

Milit. t. t., the besiegers round a hostile place, the line of siege or circumvallation, Caes. B. G. 7, 72; Liv. 10, 43, 1; 23, 44, 3; Curt. 4, 6, 10 al.—Also, a circle of men for the defence of a place, Liv. 4, 19, 8.—

In arch., the cornice, Vitr. 5, 2; Plin. 36, 24, 59, § 183.—

In the agrimensores, an elevated ridge of land as a boundary line, Cato, R. R. 6, 3; Front. Col. 114 and 131 Goes.—

The hairy crown over the horse's hoof, Col. 6, 29, 3; Veg. Art. Vet. 1, 13, 1.—

Montium, a circular ridge of mountains, Plin. 6, 20, 23, [p. 472] § 73.—

The halo round the sun (for the Gr. halôs), Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 1.

lĭquāmen, ĭnis, n. [id.], a liquid mixture:

eo liquamine tonsa ovis imbuitur,

Col. 7, 4, 7.—

In partic.

A sauce made of fish-fat, fish-sauce (cf. garum), Col. 6, 2, 7; Pall. 3, 25, 12.—

= lixivium, lye, Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 13, 167.

mos, mōris, m. [etym. dub.; perh. root ma-, measure; cf.: maturus, matutinus; prop., a measuring or guiding rule of life; hence], manner, custom, way, usage, practice, fashion, wont, as determined not by the laws, but by men's will and pleasure, humor, self-will, caprice (class.; cf.: consuetudo, usus).

Lit.:

opsequens oboediensque'st mori atque imperiis patris,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 54:

huncine erat aequum ex illius more, an illum ex hujus vivere?

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 24: alieno more vivendum est mihi, according to the will or humor of another, id. And. 1, 1, 125:

nonne fuit levius dominae pervincere mores,

Prop. 1, 17, 15: morem alicui gerere, to do the will of a person, to humor, gratify, obey him:

sic decet morem geras,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 35; Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 17:

animo morem gessero,

Ter. And. 4, 1, 17:

adulescenti morem gestum oportuit,

id. Ad. 2, 2, 6; v. gero.—

The will as a rule for action, custom, usage, practice, wont, habit:

leges mori serviunt,

usage, custom, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 36:

legi morique parendum est,

Cic. Univ. 11:

ibam forte Viā Sacrā, sicut meus est mos,

custom, wont, Hor. S. 1, 9, 1:

contra morem consuetudinemque civilem,

Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148:

quae vero more agentur institutisque civilibus,

according to usage, according to custom, id. ib.:

mos est hominum, ut nolint eundem pluribus rebus excellere,

id. Brut. 21, 84:

ut mos est,

Juv. 6, 392;

moris erat quondam servare, etc.,

id. 11, 83:

more sinistro,

by a perverted custom, id. 2, 87.— So with ut:

morem traditum a patribus, ut, etc.,

Liv. 27, 11, 10:

hunc morem servare, ut, etc.,

id. 32, 34, 5:

virginibus Tyriis mos est gestare pharetram,

it is the custom, they are accustomed, Verg. A. 1, 336:

qui istic mos est?

Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 1:

mos ita rogandi,

Cic. Fam. 12, 17, 1:

ut mos fuit Bithyniae regibus,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 27: moris est, it is the custom:

negavit, moris esse Graecorum, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 1, 26, § 66; Vell. 2, 37, 5:

quae moris Graecorum non sint,

Liv. 36, 28, 4; cf.:

(aliquid) satis ex more Graecorum factum,

id. 36, 28, 5:

ut Domitiano moris erat,

Tac. Agr. 39.— Plur.:

id quoque morum Tiberii erat,

Tac. A. 1, 80:

praeter civium morem,

contrary to custom, to usage, Ter. And. 5, 3, 9: sine more, unwonted, unparalleled:

facinus sine more,

Stat. Th. 1, 238; so,

nullo more,

id. ib. 7, 135:

supra morem: terra supra morem densa,

unusually, Verg. G. 2, 227 (cf.:

supra modum): perducere aliquid in morem,

to make into a custom, make customary, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 162:

quod jam in morem venerat, ut, etc.,

had become customary, Liv. 42, 21, 7.—

In partic., in a moral point of view, conduct, behavior; in plur., manners, morals, character; in a good or bad sense:

est ita temperatis moderatisque moribus, ut summa severitas summā cum humanitate jungatur,

manners, Cic. Fam. 12, 27, 1:

suavissimi mores,

id. Att. 16, 16, A, 6: boni, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 254, 8.—Prov.:

corrumpunt mores bonos colloquia mala,

Vulg. 1 Cor. 15, 33:

justi,

Cic. de Or. 2, 43, 184:

severi et pudici,

Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 106:

sanctissimi,

Plin. Ep. 10, 20, 3: feri immanisque natura, Cic. Rosc. [p. 1168] Am. 13, 38:

totam vitam, naturam moresque alicujus cognoscere,

character, id. ib. 38, 109:

eos esse M'. Curii mores, eamque probitatem, ut, etc.,

id. Fam. 13, 17, 3; id. de Or. 2, 43, 182:

mores disciplinamque alicujus imitari,

id. Deiot. 10, 28:

perditi,

id. Fam. 2, 5, 2:

praefectura morum,

the supervision of the public morals, Suet. Caes. 76:

moribus et caelum patuit,

to good morals, virtue, Prop. 4 (5), 11, 101:

amator meretricis mores sibi emit auro et purpurā,

polite behavior, complaisance, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 128:

propitiis, si per mores nostros liceret, diis,

i. e. our evil way of life, Tac. H. 3, 72:

morum quoque filius,

like his father in character, Juv. 14, 52:

ne te ignarum fuisse dicas meorum morum, leno ego sum,

i. e. my trade, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 6:

in publicis moribus,

Suet. Tib. 33; 42.—

Transf.

Quality, nature, manner; mode, fashion:

haec meretrix fecit, ut mos est meretricius,

Plaut. Men. 5, 4, 8:

mores siderum,

qualities, properties, Plin. 18, 24, 56, § 206:

caeli,

Verg. G. 1, 51:

Carneadeo more et modo disputare,

manner, Cic. Univ. 1:

si humano modo, si usitato more peccāsset,

in the usual manner, id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 9:

Graeco more bibere,

id. ib. 1, 26, 66:

apis Matinae More modoque,

after the manner of, like, Hor. C. 4, 2, 27:

Dardanius torrentis aquae vel turbinis atri More furens,

Verg. A. 10, 604:

more novalium,

Col. 3, 13, 4:

caeli et anni mores,

Col. 1, Praef. 23:

omnium more,

Cic. Fam. 12, 17, 3; so,

ad morem actionum,

Quint. 4, 1, 43:

elabitur anguis in morem fluminis,

like, Verg. G. 1, 245:

in hunc operis morem,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 63:

pecudum in morem,

Flor. 3, 8, 6:

morem vestis tenere,

mode, fashion, Just. 1, 2, 3.—

A precept, law, rule ( poet. and postAug.):

moresque viris et moenia ponet,

precepts, laws, Verg. A. 1, 264; cf.:

pacis inponere morem,

id. ib. 6, 852:

quod moribus eorum interdici non poterat,

Nep. Ham. 3:

quid ferri duritiā pugnacius? sed cedit, et patitur mores,

submits to laws, obeys, is tamed, Plin. 36, 16, 25, § 127:

ut leo mores Accepit,

Stat. Ach. 2, 183:

in morem tonsa coma, = ex more ludi,

Verg. A. 5, 556.

pello, pĕpŭli, pulsum, 3 ( pluperf. pulserat, Amm. 30, 5, 19), v. a. [kindred with Gr. pallô, pelô], to beat, strike, knock any thing or at any thing; to push, drive, hurl, impel, propel.

Lit.

In gen. (mostly poet.;

syn.: trudo, percutio): pueri pulsi,

Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 48:

pectora pellite tonsis, Enn. ap. Fest. s. v. tonsa, p. 356 Müll. (Ann. v. 235 Vahl.): terram pede,

Lucr. 5, 1402:

ter pede terram (in the tripudium),

Hor. C. 3, 18, 15:

humum pedibus,

Cat. 61, 14:

fores,

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 4; 5, 3, 2:

impetu venientium pulsae fores,

Tac. A. 11, 37: spumat sale rate pulsum, Enn. ap. Gell. 2, 26 (Ann. v. 378 Vahl.); cf.: unda pulsa remis, Cic. Ac. Fragm. ap. Non. 162, 30; so,

vada remis,

Cat. 64, 58:

(arbor) ventis pulsa,

Lucr. 5, 1096.—

In partic.

To drive out or away, to thrust or turn out, expel, banish; esp. milit., to drive back, discomfit, rout the enemy (freq. and class.; syn.: fugo, elimino, deicio); constr. with abl., with ex, rarely with de; also with ab and abl. of the place from which one is repelled or driven back, but has not entered:

cum viri boni lapidibus e foro pellerentur,

Cic. Pis. 10, 23; so,

omnes ex Galliae finibus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 11; and:

praesidium ex arce,

Nep. Pelop. 3 fin.:

a foribus,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 113:

istum ab Hispaniā,

Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:

patriis ab agris Pellor,

Ov. M. 14, 477; cf. Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 9:

aliquem a sacris,

Ov. Ib. 624:

possessores suis sedibus,

Cic. Off. 2, 22, 78:

aliquem sedibus,

Sall. J. 41, 8:

aliquem possessionibus,

Cic. Mil. 27, 74:

aliquem civitate,

id. Par. 4, 1, 27:

loco,

Liv. 10, 6:

patria,

Nep. Arist. 1:

aliquem regno,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 13; Just. 35, 1, 3.—Of inanim. objects:

aquam de agro,

Plin. 18, 26, 62, § 230:

tecta, quibus frigorum vis pelleretur,

Cic. Off. 2, 11, 13:

placidam nives pectore aquam,

Tib. 1, 4, 12; 3, 5, 30:

calculos e corpore,

Plin. 22, 21, 30, § 64.—Without indicating the place whence:

qui armis perterritus, fugatus, pulsus est,

Cic. Caecin. 11, 31:

hostes pelluntur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 62, 3; cf.:

milites pulsi fugatique,

Sall. J. 74, 3:

exsules tyrannorum injuriā pulsi,

driven out, banished, Liv. 34, 26, 12:

Athenienses Diagoram philosophum pepulerunt,

Val. Max. 1, 1, 7 ext. — With abl. of manner:

pudendis Volneribus pulsus,

Verg. A. 11, 56; cf.:

si fugisset vulneratus a tergo, etc., Serv. ad loc.—Specifying the place whither: miles pellitur foras,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 11:

in exsilium pulsus,

Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56.—

In milit. lang., to rout, put to flight, discomfit:

exercitum ejus ab Helvetiis pulsum et sub jugum missum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 7, 4:

compluribus his proeliis pulsis,

id. ib. 1, 10, 5:

Romanos pulsos superatosque,

id. ib. 2, 24 fin., etc.; 1, 52; Liv. 2, 50; Just. 1, 6, 13; 2, 12, 26.—

To strike, set in motion, impel:

inpello, sagitta pulsa manu,

Verg. A. 12, 320.—

Of a musical instrument, to strike the chords, play:

nervi pulsi,

struck, Cic. Brut. 54, 199:

lyra pulsa manu,

Ov. M. 10, 205; cf.:

classica pulsa,

i. e. blown, Tib. 1, 1, 4.—

Trop.

In gen., to strike, touch, move, affect, impress, etc. (class.):

totum corpus hominis et ejus omnis vultus omnesque voces, ut nervi in fidibus, ita sonant, ut a motu animi quoque sunt pulsae,

Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216; cf.

of sound: Ille canit, pulsae referunt ad sidera valles,

Verg. E. 6, 84:

sonat amnis, et Asia longe Pulsa palus,

id. A. 7, 702:

quemadmodum visa nos pellerent,

Cic. Ac. 2, 10, 30; cf.:

visa enim ista cum acriter mentem sensumve pepulerunt,

id. ib. 2, 20, 66; id. Fin. 2, 10, 32:

quod (dictum) cum animos hominum aurisque pepulisset,

id. Or. 53, 177:

species utilitatis pepulit eum,

id. Off. 3, 10, 41:

fit saepe, ut pellantur animi vehementius,

id. Div. 1, 36, 80:

nec habet ullum ictum, quo pellat animum,

id. Fin. 2, 10, 32:

nulla me ipsum privatim pepulit insignis injuria,

id. Fam. 4, 13, 2:

ipsum in Hispaniā juvenem nullius forma pepulerat captivae,

Liv. 30, 14, 3:

non mediocri curā Scipionis animum pepulit,

id. 30, 14, 1:

pulsusque residerat ardor,

Ov. M. 7, 76:

longi sermonis initium pepulisti,

you have struck the chord of a long discussion, Cic. Brut. 87, 297.—

In partic.

To drive out or away, to banish, expel:

maestitiam ex animis,

Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 43:

procul a me dolorem,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 27:

pulsus Corde dolor,

Verg. A. 6, 382:

glandt famem,

Ov. M. 14, 216; so,

sitim,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 14:

frigoris vim tectis,

Cic. Off. 2, 4, 13:

somnum,

Sil. 7, 300;

Col. poët. 10, 69: Phoebeā morbos arte,

Ov. F. 3, 827:

vino curas,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 31:

moram,

Ov. M. 2, 838:

dolore pulsa est amentia,

id. ib. 5, 511:

turpia crimina a vobis,

id. A. A. 3, 379:

umbras noctis,

Cat. 63, 41:

sidera,

Ov. M. 2, 530:

nubila,

id. ib. 6, 690:

tenebras,

id. ib. 7, 703; 15, 651.—

To beat, conquer, overcome (very rare): si animus hominem pepulit, actum'st: animo servit, non sibi;

Sin ipse animum pepulit, vivit, victor victorum cluet,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 27 sq.:

alicui pudicitiam,

id. Ep. 4, 1, 15.

tondĕo, tŏtondi, tonsum, 2 (collat. form acc. to the third conj.: OVES TONDVNTVR, Calend. ap. Grut. 138), v. a. [for tomdeo; root in Gr. temnô, to cut], to shear, clip, crop, to shave, etc.

Lit.:

barbam et capillum,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 58; so,

barbam,

Mart. 11, 39, 3:

capillum,

Ov. M. 8, 151:

cutem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 7:

os,

Cat. 61, 139:

ovem,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 28; Hor. Epod. 2, 16; Verg. G. 3, 443; Plin. 18, 27, 67, § 257; cf.

lanam,

Hor. C. 3, 15, 14:

naevos in facie,

Plin. 28, 4, 6, § 34: saltatrix tonsa, i. e. with hair clipped short (of the Consul Gabinius), Cic. Pis. 8, 18; cf.: tonsus puer or minister, cropped, i. e. common, mean, Mart. 10, 98, 9; 11, 11, 3: ad alta tonsum templa cum reum misit, i. e. acquitted (prop. without the untrimmed hair of accused persons), id. 2, 74, 3.—Mid.:

lavamur et tondemur et convivimus ex consuetudine,

Quint. 1, 6, 44.— Absol.:

ne tonsori collum committeret, tondere filias suas docuit,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 58.—And in reflex. sense:

ut decrescente lunā tondens calvus fiam,

shaving myself, Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 2:

candidior postquain tondenti barba cadebat,

Verg. E. 1, 29.—

Transf.

To crop, lop, prune, trim:

ille comam mollis jam tondebat hyacinthi,

was cropping, Verg. G. 4, 137:

violas manu,

Prop. 3, 13, 29:

vitem in pollicem,

Col. 4, 21, 3:

oleas, vites,

Plin. 15, 1, 2, § 4:

balsamum,

id. 12, 25, 54, § 112:

ilicem bipennibus,

to lop, Hor. C. 4, 4, 57:

myrtos,

Quint. 8, 3, 8.—

To mow, reap:

tonsas cessare novales patiere,

after harvest, Verg. G. 1, 71:

nocte arida prata Tondentur,

id. ib. 1, 290:

tondeturque seges maturos annua partus,

Tib. 4, 1, 172:

tonsam verrit humum,

Ov. R. Am. 192; Sen. Phoen. 130.—

To crop, to graze, feed, or browse upon, to eat off; to pluck, gather, cull ( poet.):

ex uno tondentes gramina campo Lanigerae pecudes,

Lucr. 2, 660:

pabula (pecudes),

id. 2, 317:

dumeta (juvenci),

Verg. G. 1, 15:

campum late (equi),

id. A. 3, 538:

viridantia gramina morsu,

id. Cul. 49:

tondentes comam fluvii capellae,

App. M. 5, p. 169, 37:

jecur rostro (vultur),

Verg. A. 6, 598:

ales avida fecundum jecur,

Sen. Agam. 18; cf.

in a Greek constr.: illa autem, quae tondetur praecordia rostro Alitis,

Sil. 13, 839. —

As in Engl., to shave, fleece, for to deprive, plunder (very rare):

adibo hunc... itaque tondebo auro usque ad vivam cutem,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 8:

tondens purpureā regna paterna comā,

Prop. 3, 19 (4, 18), 22.