Перевод: со всех языков на английский

с английского на все языки

supported+language

  • 1 язык обслуживания

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > язык обслуживания

  • 2 análisis

    m. s.&pl.
    1 analysis, inspection, investigation, examination.
    2 analysis, breakdown, dissection.
    3 assay.
    * * *
    1 analysis
    \
    análisis de orina urine test
    análisis de sangre blood test
    * * *
    noun m.
    2) test
    * * *
    SM INV
    1) (=examen) analysis; [detallado] breakdown
    2) (Econ)
    3) (Med, Quím, Fís)
    4) (Ling) analysis, parsing
    5) (Inform)
    * * *
    masculino (pl análisis) analysis
    * * *
    = analysis [analyses, -pl.], assessment, probing, review, breakdown, calibration, close look, post mortem [postmortem], overview, academic study, surveying, testing.
    Ex. The operation of investigating a whole with the aim of finding out its essential parts and their relationship to each other is known as analysis.
    Ex. However, although the subject may be the primary consideration in the assessment of relevance, subject is not the only factor that determines whether a user wishes to be alerted to the existence of a document.
    Ex. Counselling requires much more time and in-depth probing, although it can at one extreme cover simply the act of lending a sympathetic ear to clients who, in externalizing their problems, may thus be better able to face them and arrive at a solution.
    Ex. The review is supported by a complete list of LIPs completed or in progess at Aug 88, followed by references to their reports.
    Ex. When she arrived at her boss's office at the appointed time, she learned why she had been asked for the breakdown of her day's activities.
    Ex. This requires careful calibration of reader response and the use of as many quantitative indices as possible.
    Ex. The article has the title 'A close look at Dewey 18: alive and well and living in Albany'.
    Ex. Survey research is used to determine what kind of post mortem appraisals companies undertake concerning their abandoned information systems development projects.
    Ex. Figure 16 on page 24 gives an overview of searching.
    Ex. Cyberculture is emerging as an interdisciplinary subject of academic study.
    Ex. The author describes one effort made to counter this trend, through the surveying of the records of a library and the identification of materials to be preserved.
    Ex. Attention has focussed on the labelling of foodstuffs and the testing and approval of food additives.
    ----
    * análisis bibliométrico = bibliometric analysis.
    * análisis cientométrico = scientometric analysis.
    * análisis cinematográfico = film analysis.
    * análisis cluster = cluster analysis.
    * análisis conceptual = conceptual analysis.
    * análisis crítico = critical eye, critical analysis.
    * análisis cualitativo = qualitative analysis.
    * análisis cuantitativo = quantitative analysis.
    * análisis de agrupamiento por cocitas = cocitation cluster analysis.
    * análisis de áreas del conocimiento = domain analysis.
    * análisis de citas = citation analysis.
    * análisis de cocitas = cocitation analysis.
    * análisis de cocitas de autores = author co-citation analysis.
    * análisis de componentes principales = principal component(s) analysis.
    * análisis de contabilidad = financial analysis.
    * análisis de contenido = content analysis, conceptual analysis.
    * análisis de coocurrencia de términos = co-word analysis.
    * análisis de correlación = correlation analysis.
    * análisis de costes = cost analysis.
    * análisis de costes-beneficios = cost-benefit analysis.
    * análisis de costos-beneficios = cost-benefit analysis.
    * análisis de dominios del conocimiento = domain analysis.
    * análisis de errores = error analysis.
    * análisis de grupo = cohort analysis.
    * análisis de laboratorio = laboratory analysis.
    * análisis de la colección = collection analysis.
    * análisis de la coocurrencia de palabras = co-word analysis.
    * análisis del contenido = document analysis, subject analysis, content analysis.
    * análisis del discurso = discourse analysis.
    * análisis del rendimiento = performance analysis.
    * análisis de necesidades = needs analysis.
    * análisis de regresión múltiple = multiple regression analysis.
    * análisis de rendimiento = performance test.
    * análisis de riesgos = risk analysis, risk assessment, risk evaluation.
    * análisis de sangre = blood test.
    * análisis de sistemas = system(s) analysis.
    * análisis detallado = close examination.
    * análisis de tendencias = trend analysis.
    * análisis de una muestra representativa = cross-sectional analysis.
    * análisis de varianza (ANOVA) = analysis of variance (ANOVA).
    * análisis diagnóstico = diagnostic test.
    * análisis discriminante = discriminant analysis.
    * análisis documental = document analysis, subject analysis.
    * análisis escalar = scaling analysis.
    * análisis escalar de Guttman = Guttman scale analysis.
    * análisis espacial = spatial analysis.
    * análisis estadístico = statistical analysis.
    * análisis estadístico multivariante = multivariate statistical analysis.
    * análisis facetado = facet analysis.
    * análisis factorial = factor analysis.
    * análisis formal de documentos = markup [mark-up].
    * análisis léxico = lexical analysis.
    * análisis literario = literary analysis.
    * análisis longitudinal = longitudinal analysis.
    * análisis más detallado = close attention.
    * análisis más minucioso = closer examination.
    * análisis minucioso = scrutiny, dissection, cross examination.
    * análisis morfológico = morphological analysis.
    * análisis multidimensional de clases = multidimensional cluster analysis.
    * análisis multidimensional escalar = multidimensional scaling analysis.
    * análisis multivariable = multivariate analysis, multivariate test.
    * análisis multivariante = multivariate analysis, multivariate test.
    * análisis municioso = close examination.
    * análisis por facetas = facet analysis.
    * análisis por género = gender analysis.
    * análisis químico = chemical analysis.
    * análisis sintáctico = syntactical analysis.
    * análisis topográfico = surveying.
    * análisis univariante = univariate test.
    * bloque funcional de análisis de contenido = subject analysis block.
    * centro de análisis de la información = information analysis centre.
    * lenguaje para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup language.
    * modelo de análisis de costes = cost model.
    * nuevo análisis = reanalysis [reanalyses, -pl.].
    * programa de análisis de ficheros de transacciones = log analysis software.
    * realizar un análisis = conduct + analysis.
    * realizar un análisis factorial = factor-analyse [factor-analyze, -USA].
    * segundo análisis = re-examination [reexamination].
    * SGML (Lenguaje Estándar Universal para el Análisis Formal de Documentos) = SGML (Standard Generalised Markup Language).
    * sistema para el análisis formal de documentos = markup code.
    * sistema para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup system.
    * superar un análisis minucioso = stand up to + scrutiny, stand up to + examination.
    * unidad de análisis = unit of study.
    * XML (Lenguaje Extensible para el Análisis de Documentos) = XML (Extensible Markup Language).
    * * *
    masculino (pl análisis) analysis
    * * *
    = analysis [analyses, -pl.], assessment, probing, review, breakdown, calibration, close look, post mortem [postmortem], overview, academic study, surveying, testing.

    Ex: The operation of investigating a whole with the aim of finding out its essential parts and their relationship to each other is known as analysis.

    Ex: However, although the subject may be the primary consideration in the assessment of relevance, subject is not the only factor that determines whether a user wishes to be alerted to the existence of a document.
    Ex: Counselling requires much more time and in-depth probing, although it can at one extreme cover simply the act of lending a sympathetic ear to clients who, in externalizing their problems, may thus be better able to face them and arrive at a solution.
    Ex: The review is supported by a complete list of LIPs completed or in progess at Aug 88, followed by references to their reports.
    Ex: When she arrived at her boss's office at the appointed time, she learned why she had been asked for the breakdown of her day's activities.
    Ex: This requires careful calibration of reader response and the use of as many quantitative indices as possible.
    Ex: The article has the title 'A close look at Dewey 18: alive and well and living in Albany'.
    Ex: Survey research is used to determine what kind of post mortem appraisals companies undertake concerning their abandoned information systems development projects.
    Ex: Figure 16 on page 24 gives an overview of searching.
    Ex: Cyberculture is emerging as an interdisciplinary subject of academic study.
    Ex: The author describes one effort made to counter this trend, through the surveying of the records of a library and the identification of materials to be preserved.
    Ex: Attention has focussed on the labelling of foodstuffs and the testing and approval of food additives.
    * análisis bibliométrico = bibliometric analysis.
    * análisis cientométrico = scientometric analysis.
    * análisis cinematográfico = film analysis.
    * análisis cluster = cluster analysis.
    * análisis conceptual = conceptual analysis.
    * análisis crítico = critical eye, critical analysis.
    * análisis cualitativo = qualitative analysis.
    * análisis cuantitativo = quantitative analysis.
    * análisis de agrupamiento por cocitas = cocitation cluster analysis.
    * análisis de áreas del conocimiento = domain analysis.
    * análisis de citas = citation analysis.
    * análisis de cocitas = cocitation analysis.
    * análisis de cocitas de autores = author co-citation analysis.
    * análisis de componentes principales = principal component(s) analysis.
    * análisis de contabilidad = financial analysis.
    * análisis de contenido = content analysis, conceptual analysis.
    * análisis de coocurrencia de términos = co-word analysis.
    * análisis de correlación = correlation analysis.
    * análisis de costes = cost analysis.
    * análisis de costes-beneficios = cost-benefit analysis.
    * análisis de costos-beneficios = cost-benefit analysis.
    * análisis de dominios del conocimiento = domain analysis.
    * análisis de errores = error analysis.
    * análisis de grupo = cohort analysis.
    * análisis de laboratorio = laboratory analysis.
    * análisis de la colección = collection analysis.
    * análisis de la coocurrencia de palabras = co-word analysis.
    * análisis del contenido = document analysis, subject analysis, content analysis.
    * análisis del discurso = discourse analysis.
    * análisis del rendimiento = performance analysis.
    * análisis de necesidades = needs analysis.
    * análisis de regresión múltiple = multiple regression analysis.
    * análisis de rendimiento = performance test.
    * análisis de riesgos = risk analysis, risk assessment, risk evaluation.
    * análisis de sangre = blood test.
    * análisis de sistemas = system(s) analysis.
    * análisis detallado = close examination.
    * análisis de tendencias = trend analysis.
    * análisis de una muestra representativa = cross-sectional analysis.
    * análisis de varianza (ANOVA) = analysis of variance (ANOVA).
    * análisis diagnóstico = diagnostic test.
    * análisis discriminante = discriminant analysis.
    * análisis documental = document analysis, subject analysis.
    * análisis escalar = scaling analysis.
    * análisis escalar de Guttman = Guttman scale analysis.
    * análisis espacial = spatial analysis.
    * análisis estadístico = statistical analysis.
    * análisis estadístico multivariante = multivariate statistical analysis.
    * análisis facetado = facet analysis.
    * análisis factorial = factor analysis.
    * análisis formal de documentos = markup [mark-up].
    * análisis léxico = lexical analysis.
    * análisis literario = literary analysis.
    * análisis longitudinal = longitudinal analysis.
    * análisis más detallado = close attention.
    * análisis más minucioso = closer examination.
    * análisis minucioso = scrutiny, dissection, cross examination.
    * análisis morfológico = morphological analysis.
    * análisis multidimensional de clases = multidimensional cluster analysis.
    * análisis multidimensional escalar = multidimensional scaling analysis.
    * análisis multivariable = multivariate analysis, multivariate test.
    * análisis multivariante = multivariate analysis, multivariate test.
    * análisis municioso = close examination.
    * análisis por facetas = facet analysis.
    * análisis por género = gender analysis.
    * análisis químico = chemical analysis.
    * análisis sintáctico = syntactical analysis.
    * análisis topográfico = surveying.
    * análisis univariante = univariate test.
    * bloque funcional de análisis de contenido = subject analysis block.
    * centro de análisis de la información = information analysis centre.
    * lenguaje para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup language.
    * modelo de análisis de costes = cost model.
    * nuevo análisis = reanalysis [reanalyses, -pl.].
    * programa de análisis de ficheros de transacciones = log analysis software.
    * realizar un análisis = conduct + analysis.
    * realizar un análisis factorial = factor-analyse [factor-analyze, -USA].
    * segundo análisis = re-examination [reexamination].
    * SGML (Lenguaje Estándar Universal para el Análisis Formal de Documentos) = SGML (Standard Generalised Markup Language).
    * sistema para el análisis formal de documentos = markup code.
    * sistema para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup system.
    * superar un análisis minucioso = stand up to + scrutiny, stand up to + examination.
    * unidad de análisis = unit of study.
    * XML (Lenguaje Extensible para el Análisis de Documentos) = XML (Extensible Markup Language).

    * * *
    A (de una situación, un tema) analysis
    hizo un análisis del problema he analyzed o carried out an analysis of the problem
    Compuesto:
    análisis de costo-beneficio or ( Esp) coste-beneficio
    cost-benefit analysis
    B ( Med, Quím) analysis
    hacerse un análisis de orina/sangre to have a urine/blood test
    Compuestos:
    clinical analysis
    spectrum analysis
    organic analysis
    C ( Ling) analysis
    Compuestos:
    discourse analysis
    grammatical analysis
    syntactic analysis
    D ( Mat) analysis, calculus
    E ( Psic) analysis
    * * *

     

    análisis sustantivo masculino (pl

    hacerse un análisis de sangre to have a blood test
    análisis m inv
    1 analysis
    2 Med test: tengo que hacerme unos análisis, I have to have some tests done

    ' análisis' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    detenida
    - detenido
    - factorial
    - microscópica
    - microscópico
    - negativa
    - negativo
    - ponderación
    - positiva
    - positivo
    - sintética
    - sintético
    - citología
    - comentario
    - concienzudo
    - dar
    - estudio
    - lúcido
    English:
    analysis
    - blood test
    - breakdown
    - test
    - bear
    - blood
    - positive
    - right
    * * *
    análisis nm inv
    1. [de situación, problema] analysis;
    Com análisis del camino crítico critical path analysis; Esp Econ análisis coste-beneficio cost-benefit analysis; Econ análisis de costo-beneficio cost-benefit analysis;
    análisis cualitativo qualitative analysis;
    análisis cuantitativo quantitative analysis;
    Ling análisis del discurso discourse analysis;
    análisis de mercado market analysis
    2. [médico] analysis
    análisis clínico (clinical) test;
    análisis de orina urine test;
    análisis químico chemical analysis;
    3. Gram analysis
    análisis gramatical sentence analysis;
    análisis sintáctico syntactic analysis
    4. Informát analysis
    análisis de sistemas systems analysis
    5. Mat analysis
    6. Psi analysis
    * * *
    m inv analysis
    * * *
    : analysis
    * * *
    análisis n analysis [pl. analyses]

    Spanish-English dictionary > análisis

  • 3 programa

    m.
    1 program.
    programa espacial space program
    programa de fiestas program of events
    2 schedule, program.
    3 program.
    programa concurso quiz (show)
    programa de humor comedy show
    4 program (computing).
    programa informático computer program
    5 cycle.
    programa de lavado wash cycle
    6 pickup.
    pres.indicat.
    3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: programar.
    imperat.
    2nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: programar.
    * * *
    1 (gen) programme (US program)
    2 INFORMÁTICA program
    4 (plan) plan
    \
    programa electoral election manifesto, US election program
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    SM
    1) [de curso, actividades, TV, Radio] programme, program (EEUU)

    programa de estudios — curriculum, syllabus

    programa electoral — electoral programme, electoral program (EEUU), election manifesto

    programa nuclear — nuclear programme, nuclear program (EEUU)

    2) (Cine)
    3) (Inform) program
    4) Cono Sur * (=amorío) love affair
    * * *
    1)
    a) (Rad, TV) program*

    programa doble — (Cin) double bill, double feature

    b) ( folleto) program*
    2) (programación, plan) program*

    eso no estaba en el programa! — (fam) that wasn't part of the plan! (colloq)

    3)
    a) ( político) program*
    b) (Educ) ( de asignatura) syllabus; ( de curso) curriculum, syllabus
    4) (Inf, Elec) program*
    5) (RPl fam) ( conquista) pickup (colloq)
    * * *
    = agenda, programme [program, -USA], programme area, software program, catalogue, programme schedule.
    Ex. The session on library and information services to people with disabilities addressed on agenda developed out of the feedback from various regional groups.
    Ex. Programs are available which generate alphabetical listings, including lead-in terms, reciprocal entries, hierarchical displays and other special sections of the thesaurus.
    Ex. Now that financial stringencies were the order of the day, libraries had to compete with the more pressing needs of other programme areas, like education, social services, and housing, for dwindling resources.
    Ex. In the Internet, a client is a software program that is used to contact and obtain data from a server software program on another computer, often across a great distance.
    Ex. This discussion of present trends is based on a survey of course offerings as found in library school catalogues.
    Ex. Programme schedules are subject to change without prior notification.
    ----
    * actualización de programa informático = maintenance release.
    * archivo de programas = programme file.
    * centro de apoyo a los programas de estudios = curriculum material center.
    * colección de programas informáticos = software library.
    * conjunto de programas = workbench, workbench.
    * demostración de programa = software demo.
    * desactivar un programa de protección = unlock + protection program(me).
    * desarrollo de programas = software development.
    * descodificar una programa de encriptación = crack + encryption software.
    * ejecución del programa = computer run.
    * elaborar un programa = draw up + program(me).
    * homologar un programa = accredit + programme.
    * paquete de programas = package.
    * paquete de programas de ordenador = software package.
    * paquete integrado de programas = software suite.
    * paquetes de programas = programme packages.
    * poner en funcionamiento un programa = implement + program(me).
    * presentar un programa = present + programme.
    * programa académico = academic programme.
    * programa acelerado = crash program(me).
    * programa antivirus = antivirus software, antivirus programme.
    * programa añadido = plug-in program, plug-in.
    * programa autodidacta = tutorial, tutorial program(me).
    * programa básico = Core Programme.
    * programa bibliotecario = library program(me).
    * programa cliente = browser software, browser.
    * programa compilador = compiler.
    * programa creador de informes = report writer.
    * programa cultural = cultural programme.
    * programa de acceso a Internet = browser software.
    * programa de actividades = timetable of activities, calendar of events, events calendar.
    * programa de actuación = programme of action, action programme, action plan, operating programme.
    * programa de adultos = adult programme.
    * programa de alfabetización = literacy programme, literacy movement.
    * programa de alfabetización de adultos = adult literacy programme.
    * programa de análisis de ficheros de transacciones = log analysis software.
    * programa de búsqueda = search software, search software package.
    * programa de capacitación = training programme.
    * programa de código abierto = open source software.
    * programa de comunicaciones = communication software, communications software.
    * programa de conexión = logging programme.
    * programa de corrección ortográfica = spelling correction program.
    * programa de correo electrónico = electronic mail system.
    * programa de curso = course program(me).
    * programa de debate = talk show.
    * programa de descodificación = cracker.
    * programa de dinamización bibliotecaria = library outreach programme.
    * programa de doctorado = doctoral program(me), doctoral degree programme.
    * programa de dominio público = public domain software.
    * programa de edición de texto = editor.
    * programa de ejercicio físico = exercise programme.
    * programa de entrevistas = talk show.
    * programa de escritores en estancia = writers in residence programme.
    * programa de estudio = programme of study.
    * programa de estudios = course brochure, educational program(me), school program(me), study program(me), syllabus [syllabi/syllabuses, -pl.], education programme.
    * programa de estudios común = common core syllabus.
    * programa de estudios homologado = accredited programme.
    * programa de extensión bibliotecaria = library outreach programme.
    * programa de formación = training programme, training scheme, instructional programme.
    * programa de formación en el trabajo = in-service training program(me).
    * programa de gestión bibliográfica personal = personal bibliographic software.
    * programa de gestión bibliotecaria = library software package.
    * programa de gestión de bases de datos = database management software.
    * programa de gestión de datos = database management software.
    * Programa de Gestión de Registros y Archivos (RAMP) = Records and Archives Management Programme (RAMP).
    * programa de gestión documental = information retrieval software.
    * programa de gestión financiera = cash management package, cash management software.
    * programa de grabación en CD = burning software.
    * programa de humor = comedy programme.
    * programa de imitación = mimicry software.
    * programa de inserción social = Head Start program.
    * programa de intercambio = exchange programme.
    * programa de introducción a la biblioteca = library training programme.
    * programa de inversiones = investment program(me).
    * programa de investigación = research agenda.
    * programa + dejar de funcionar = programme + crash.
    * programa de la asignatura = learning program(me).
    * programa del congreso = conference programme.
    * programa del curso = course syllabus.
    * programa de lectura = reading programme.
    * programa de marketing = marketing programme.
    * programa de mayor audiencia = prime time show, prime time programme.
    * programa de medición de los recursos usados = metering software.
    * programa de montaje de aplicaciones = software packager.
    * programa de navegación por las redes = network navigator.
    * programa de noticias = news programme.
    * programa de ordenador = computer programme.
    * programa de orientación = orientation programme.
    * programa de orientación bibliográfica = bibliographic instruction program(me).
    * programa de prácticas en la empresa = internship program(me), internship.
    * programa de protección = protection program(me), software protection program(me).
    * programa de prueba beta = beta test programme.
    * programa de radio = radio broadcast, radio programme, radio show.
    * programa de televisión = television programme, television broadcast, television show, TV show.
    * programa de trabajo = work schedule.
    * programa de trabajo como interno residente = residency programme, residency.
    * programa de utilidades = utilities.
    * programa de viaje = travel plan.
    * programa didáctico = courseware.
    * programa educativo = educational program(me), education programme, instructional programme, learning program(me).
    * programa electoral = ticket.
    * programa en CD-ROM = CD-ROM software.
    * programa ensamblador = assembler program.
    * programa filtro = filtering software.
    * programa fuente = source programme.
    * programa fundamental = Core Programme.
    * programa gratuito = user-supported software.
    * programa informático = computer programme, software system, computer application.
    * programa informático comercial = off-the-shelf software, turnkey system, turnkey software system, pre-written software, commercial application.
    * programa informático con mantenimiento incluido = supported software.
    * programa informático hecho por encargo = tailor-made software.
    * programa integrado de gestión de bibliotecas = integrated library system (ILS), integrated library management system (ILMS).
    * programa intensivo = crash program(me).
    * programa maligno = malware, malicious software.
    * programa mixto de clases y práctica en la empresa = sandwich programme.
    * programa MOO (multiusuarios y orientado a objetos) = MOO (Multi-user Object Oriented) software.
    * Programa Mundial de Alimentos, el = World Food Programme, the.
    * Programa Nacional para las Adquisiciones y la Catalogación (NPAC) = National Program for Acquisitions and Cataloging (NPAC).
    * Programa Nacional para las Publicaciones Seriadas (NSDP) = National Serials Data Program (NSDP).
    * programa nuclear = nuclear programme.
    * programa objeto = object program(me).
    * programa para descifrar contraseñas = password cracking programme.
    * programa para el aprendizaje de idiomas = language-learning sofware.
    * programa para inventariar = inventory program.
    * programa personalizado = tailor-made software.
    * programa piloto = pilot program(me).
    * Programa Piloto sobre Discos Opticos = Optical Disc Pilot Program.
    * programa político = ticket.
    * programa presidencial = presidential programme.
    * programa principal = Core Programme.
    * programa puente = interface.
    * programa que se añade = add-on pack.
    * programa respiro = respite care.
    * programas básicos = basic software.
    * programas comerciales = commercial software.
    * programas de acceso = access software.
    * programas de alfabetización = literacy promotion.
    * programas de automatización de bibliotecas = library automation software.
    * programas de estudios = syllabi.
    * programas de recuperación = retrieval software.
    * programas de software libre = freeware.
    * programas distribuidos por el autor = shareware.
    * programa servidor = server software program.
    * programas espía = spyware.
    * programas espía de anuncios = adware.
    * programas HyperCard = HyperCard software.
    * programas informáticos = software, computer software.
    * programas informáticos comerciales = commercial software.
    * programas intermedios = middleware.
    * programas malignos = badware.
    * programa social = social program(me).
    * programas para la gestión de mapas = map software.
    * programas televisivos de entretenimiento = entertainment television.
    * promover un programa = launch + program(me).
    * tecla de función del programa = programme function key.
    * un paquete integrado de programas = a suite of + programmes.
    * * *
    1)
    a) (Rad, TV) program*

    programa doble — (Cin) double bill, double feature

    b) ( folleto) program*
    2) (programación, plan) program*

    eso no estaba en el programa! — (fam) that wasn't part of the plan! (colloq)

    3)
    a) ( político) program*
    b) (Educ) ( de asignatura) syllabus; ( de curso) curriculum, syllabus
    4) (Inf, Elec) program*
    5) (RPl fam) ( conquista) pickup (colloq)
    * * *
    = agenda, programme [program, -USA], programme area, software program, catalogue, programme schedule.

    Ex: The session on library and information services to people with disabilities addressed on agenda developed out of the feedback from various regional groups.

    Ex: Programs are available which generate alphabetical listings, including lead-in terms, reciprocal entries, hierarchical displays and other special sections of the thesaurus.
    Ex: Now that financial stringencies were the order of the day, libraries had to compete with the more pressing needs of other programme areas, like education, social services, and housing, for dwindling resources.
    Ex: In the Internet, a client is a software program that is used to contact and obtain data from a server software program on another computer, often across a great distance.
    Ex: This discussion of present trends is based on a survey of course offerings as found in library school catalogues.
    Ex: Programme schedules are subject to change without prior notification.
    * actualización de programa informático = maintenance release.
    * archivo de programas = programme file.
    * centro de apoyo a los programas de estudios = curriculum material center.
    * colección de programas informáticos = software library.
    * conjunto de programas = workbench, workbench.
    * demostración de programa = software demo.
    * desactivar un programa de protección = unlock + protection program(me).
    * desarrollo de programas = software development.
    * descodificar una programa de encriptación = crack + encryption software.
    * ejecución del programa = computer run.
    * elaborar un programa = draw up + program(me).
    * homologar un programa = accredit + programme.
    * paquete de programas = package.
    * paquete de programas de ordenador = software package.
    * paquete integrado de programas = software suite.
    * paquetes de programas = programme packages.
    * poner en funcionamiento un programa = implement + program(me).
    * presentar un programa = present + programme.
    * programa académico = academic programme.
    * programa acelerado = crash program(me).
    * programa antivirus = antivirus software, antivirus programme.
    * programa añadido = plug-in program, plug-in.
    * programa autodidacta = tutorial, tutorial program(me).
    * programa básico = Core Programme.
    * programa bibliotecario = library program(me).
    * programa cliente = browser software, browser.
    * programa compilador = compiler.
    * programa creador de informes = report writer.
    * programa cultural = cultural programme.
    * programa de acceso a Internet = browser software.
    * programa de actividades = timetable of activities, calendar of events, events calendar.
    * programa de actuación = programme of action, action programme, action plan, operating programme.
    * programa de adultos = adult programme.
    * programa de alfabetización = literacy programme, literacy movement.
    * programa de alfabetización de adultos = adult literacy programme.
    * programa de análisis de ficheros de transacciones = log analysis software.
    * programa de búsqueda = search software, search software package.
    * programa de capacitación = training programme.
    * programa de código abierto = open source software.
    * programa de comunicaciones = communication software, communications software.
    * programa de conexión = logging programme.
    * programa de corrección ortográfica = spelling correction program.
    * programa de correo electrónico = electronic mail system.
    * programa de curso = course program(me).
    * programa de debate = talk show.
    * programa de descodificación = cracker.
    * programa de dinamización bibliotecaria = library outreach programme.
    * programa de doctorado = doctoral program(me), doctoral degree programme.
    * programa de dominio público = public domain software.
    * programa de edición de texto = editor.
    * programa de ejercicio físico = exercise programme.
    * programa de entrevistas = talk show.
    * programa de escritores en estancia = writers in residence programme.
    * programa de estudio = programme of study.
    * programa de estudios = course brochure, educational program(me), school program(me), study program(me), syllabus [syllabi/syllabuses, -pl.], education programme.
    * programa de estudios común = common core syllabus.
    * programa de estudios homologado = accredited programme.
    * programa de extensión bibliotecaria = library outreach programme.
    * programa de formación = training programme, training scheme, instructional programme.
    * programa de formación en el trabajo = in-service training program(me).
    * programa de gestión bibliográfica personal = personal bibliographic software.
    * programa de gestión bibliotecaria = library software package.
    * programa de gestión de bases de datos = database management software.
    * programa de gestión de datos = database management software.
    * Programa de Gestión de Registros y Archivos (RAMP) = Records and Archives Management Programme (RAMP).
    * programa de gestión documental = information retrieval software.
    * programa de gestión financiera = cash management package, cash management software.
    * programa de grabación en CD = burning software.
    * programa de humor = comedy programme.
    * programa de imitación = mimicry software.
    * programa de inserción social = Head Start program.
    * programa de intercambio = exchange programme.
    * programa de introducción a la biblioteca = library training programme.
    * programa de inversiones = investment program(me).
    * programa de investigación = research agenda.
    * programa + dejar de funcionar = programme + crash.
    * programa de la asignatura = learning program(me).
    * programa del congreso = conference programme.
    * programa del curso = course syllabus.
    * programa de lectura = reading programme.
    * programa de marketing = marketing programme.
    * programa de mayor audiencia = prime time show, prime time programme.
    * programa de medición de los recursos usados = metering software.
    * programa de montaje de aplicaciones = software packager.
    * programa de navegación por las redes = network navigator.
    * programa de noticias = news programme.
    * programa de ordenador = computer programme.
    * programa de orientación = orientation programme.
    * programa de orientación bibliográfica = bibliographic instruction program(me).
    * programa de prácticas en la empresa = internship program(me), internship.
    * programa de protección = protection program(me), software protection program(me).
    * programa de prueba beta = beta test programme.
    * programa de radio = radio broadcast, radio programme, radio show.
    * programa de televisión = television programme, television broadcast, television show, TV show.
    * programa de trabajo = work schedule.
    * programa de trabajo como interno residente = residency programme, residency.
    * programa de utilidades = utilities.
    * programa de viaje = travel plan.
    * programa didáctico = courseware.
    * programa educativo = educational program(me), education programme, instructional programme, learning program(me).
    * programa electoral = ticket.
    * programa en CD-ROM = CD-ROM software.
    * programa ensamblador = assembler program.
    * programa filtro = filtering software.
    * programa fuente = source programme.
    * programa fundamental = Core Programme.
    * programa gratuito = user-supported software.
    * programa informático = computer programme, software system, computer application.
    * programa informático comercial = off-the-shelf software, turnkey system, turnkey software system, pre-written software, commercial application.
    * programa informático con mantenimiento incluido = supported software.
    * programa informático hecho por encargo = tailor-made software.
    * programa integrado de gestión de bibliotecas = integrated library system (ILS), integrated library management system (ILMS).
    * programa intensivo = crash program(me).
    * programa maligno = malware, malicious software.
    * programa mixto de clases y práctica en la empresa = sandwich programme.
    * programa MOO (multiusuarios y orientado a objetos) = MOO (Multi-user Object Oriented) software.
    * Programa Mundial de Alimentos, el = World Food Programme, the.
    * Programa Nacional para las Adquisiciones y la Catalogación (NPAC) = National Program for Acquisitions and Cataloging (NPAC).
    * Programa Nacional para las Publicaciones Seriadas (NSDP) = National Serials Data Program (NSDP).
    * programa nuclear = nuclear programme.
    * programa objeto = object program(me).
    * programa para descifrar contraseñas = password cracking programme.
    * programa para el aprendizaje de idiomas = language-learning sofware.
    * programa para inventariar = inventory program.
    * programa personalizado = tailor-made software.
    * programa piloto = pilot program(me).
    * Programa Piloto sobre Discos Opticos = Optical Disc Pilot Program.
    * programa político = ticket.
    * programa presidencial = presidential programme.
    * programa principal = Core Programme.
    * programa puente = interface.
    * programa que se añade = add-on pack.
    * programa respiro = respite care.
    * programas básicos = basic software.
    * programas comerciales = commercial software.
    * programas de acceso = access software.
    * programas de alfabetización = literacy promotion.
    * programas de automatización de bibliotecas = library automation software.
    * programas de estudios = syllabi.
    * programas de recuperación = retrieval software.
    * programas de software libre = freeware.
    * programas distribuidos por el autor = shareware.
    * programa servidor = server software program.
    * programas espía = spyware.
    * programas espía de anuncios = adware.
    * programas HyperCard = HyperCard software.
    * programas informáticos = software, computer software.
    * programas informáticos comerciales = commercial software.
    * programas intermedios = middleware.
    * programas malignos = badware.
    * programa social = social program(me).
    * programas para la gestión de mapas = map software.
    * programas televisivos de entretenimiento = entertainment television.
    * promover un programa = launch + program(me).
    * tecla de función del programa = programme function key.
    * un paquete integrado de programas = a suite of + programmes.

    * * *
    A
    1 ( Rad, TV) program*
    programa doble ( Cin) double bill, double feature
    Compuestos:
    quiz show
    talk show, chat show ( BrE)
    B (programación, plan) program*
    tuvo un programa de visitas muy apretado he had a very tight program o schedule
    el que viniera con su madre no estaba en el programa ( hum); I hadn't bargained on her mother coming along with her, it wasn't part of the plan for her to bring her mother
    me toca quedarme con los niños ¡mira qué programa! ( iró); I have to stay at home and mind the kids … what a wonderful prospect! ( iro)
    no tengo programa para mañana I don't have anything planned o ( colloq) I've nothing on tomorrow
    C
    1 (de medidas) program*
    su programa electoral their election manifesto
    2 ( Educ) (de una materia) syllabus; (de un curso) curriculum, syllabus
    D
    1 ( Inf) program*
    2 ( Elec) program*
    Compuestos:
    ( Inf) spyware
    source program
    E ( RPl fam) (conquista) pickup ( colloq), bit of stuff ( BrE colloq)
    * * *

     

    Del verbo programar: ( conjugate programar)

    programa es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

    2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    programa    
    programar
    programa sustantivo masculino
    1
    a) (Rad, TV) program( conjugate program);


    programa de entrevistas chat show
    b) ( folleto) program( conjugate program)

    2 (programación, plan) program( conjugate program)
    3
    a) ( político) program( conjugate program);


    b) (Educ) ( de asignatura) syllabus;

    ( de curso) curriculum, syllabus
    4 (Inf, Elec) program( conjugate program)
    programar ( conjugate programar) verbo transitivo
    1
    a) (Rad, TV) to schedule

    b) ‹actividades/eventos› to plan, draw up a program( conjugate program) for;

    ‹horario/fecha› to schedule, program( conjugate program);
    ‹ viaje› to organize
    c) (Transp) ‹llegadas/salidas› to schedule, timetable (BrE)

    2 (Inf) to program
    programa sustantivo masculino
    1 (de radio, televisión) programme
    programa concurso, quiz show
    2 (plan, proyecto) programme, schedule
    programa electoral, election manifesto
    3 (de estudios) curriculum
    4 Inform program
    Recuerda que en Estados Unidos se escribe program, mientras que los británicos prefieren la grafía programme, a menos que se trate de un programa informático.
    programar verbo transitivo
    1 (actividades, eventos) to programme, draw up a programme for: han programado un ciclo de cine portugués, they've programmed a series of Portuguese films
    2 (un aparato) to set, programme: no sé programar el vídeo, I don't know how to program the VCR
    3 (radio, televisión) to schedule
    (medios de transporte, entradas/salidas) to schedule, timetable
    4 Inform to program
    ' programa' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    estival
    - informática
    - informático
    - interactivo
    - intermedia
    - intermedio
    - ofensa
    - presentar
    - presentación
    - ribete
    - sintonía
    - suspender
    - agenda
    - ágil
    - amplio
    - animador
    - animar
    - apretado
    - audiencia
    - azafata
    - calendario
    - conducción
    - conducir
    - conductor
    - consagrar
    - cortar
    - delinear
    - didáctico
    - documental
    - echar
    - educativo
    - emisión
    - emitir
    - enlatado
    - espacio
    - fascinar
    - infantil
    - informativo
    - instalar
    - mirar
    - nacional
    - noticia
    - piloto
    - plan
    - poner
    - popular
    - recargar
    - repetición
    - repetir
    - transmisión
    English:
    air
    - austerity
    - bootleg
    - chat show
    - close
    - computer program
    - fluff
    - hand-out
    - informative
    - intercultural
    - introduce
    - introduction
    - live
    - manifesto
    - master
    - news programme
    - overrun
    - phone-in
    - pilot programme
    - platform
    - prerecord
    - present
    - program
    - programme
    - rehearsal
    - run
    - run over
    - schedule
    - screen
    - shorten
    - show
    - special
    - support
    - switch off
    - syllabus
    - talk-show
    - television programme
    - bill
    - blue
    - broadcast
    - chat
    - credit
    - curriculum
    - flag
    - further
    - game
    - look
    - magazine
    - Medicaid
    - Medicare
    * * *
    1. [de radio, televisión] programme
    programa concurso game show;
    2. [de lavadora, lavavajillas] cycle
    programa de lavado wash cycle
    3. [proyecto] programme
    programa de creación de empleo job creation scheme;
    programa espacial space programme;
    programa de intercambio exchange (programme)
    4. [folleto] programme
    programa de mano programme
    5. [de actividades] schedule, programme;
    ¿cuál es el programa para esta tarde? [¿qué hacemos?] what's the plan for this afternoon?;
    Hum
    la tormenta no estaba en el programa the storm wasn't part of the programme, the storm wasn't supposed to happen
    programa de fiestas programme of events [during annual town festival]
    6. [de curso, asignatura] syllabus
    7. Informát program
    programa de maquetación page layout program
    8. programa libre [en patinaje artístico] free skating
    9. RP Fam [ligue] pick-up;
    empezaron a llegar, cada uno con su programa they began to arrive, each with his or her pick-up
    * * *
    m
    1 TV, RAD program, Br
    programme;
    programa de mano de concierto program, Br programme
    2 INFOR program
    3 EDU syllabus, curriculum
    * * *
    1) : program
    2) : plan
    3)
    programa de estudios : curriculum
    * * *
    1. (de televisión, radio) programme
    ¿cuál es tu programa preferido? what's your favourite programme?
    2. (de ordenador) program
    3. (de asignatura) syllabus

    Spanish-English dictionary > programa

  • 4 al igual que

    like
    * * *
    = as with, like, in common with, much as, equalling that, after the fashion of, so too, similar to, much like
    Ex. As with author headings, sometimes one heading or title will be both sought and provide collocation, but on other occasions there will be a conflict between soughtness' and collocation.
    Ex. Thus PRECIS is an indexing system, which like any such system must be supported by an indexing language.
    Ex. In common with many other databases, MEDLARS (MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System) was primarily an offshoot from a printed indexing service.
    Ex. More studies are needed to identify the full temporal effects of the personal computer, much as they did for television.
    Ex. Interestingly, the Jacquard loom had a resolution of 1000 silk threads to the inch, equalling that of paper.
    Ex. Invented around 1850 by two Americans, the platen jobber worked after the fashion of a bivalve shell = Inventada alrededor de 1850 por dos norteamericanos, la máquina de presión plana funcionaba del mismo modo que un bivalvo.
    Ex. Quality is important but so too is hard statistical evidence of the library's productivity.
    Ex. Similar to economic impact analysis, cost-benefit analysis provides a quantitative presentation of the returns to a community's library investment.
    Ex. Cats do not have sweat glands the way humans do, so panting is the way cats cool their bodies down, much like dogs.
    * * *
    = as with, like, in common with, much as, equalling that, after the fashion of, so too, similar to, much like

    Ex: As with author headings, sometimes one heading or title will be both sought and provide collocation, but on other occasions there will be a conflict between soughtness' and collocation.

    Ex: Thus PRECIS is an indexing system, which like any such system must be supported by an indexing language.
    Ex: In common with many other databases, MEDLARS (MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System) was primarily an offshoot from a printed indexing service.
    Ex: More studies are needed to identify the full temporal effects of the personal computer, much as they did for television.
    Ex: Interestingly, the Jacquard loom had a resolution of 1000 silk threads to the inch, equalling that of paper.
    Ex: Invented around 1850 by two Americans, the platen jobber worked after the fashion of a bivalve shell = Inventada alrededor de 1850 por dos norteamericanos, la máquina de presión plana funcionaba del mismo modo que un bivalvo.
    Ex: Quality is important but so too is hard statistical evidence of the library's productivity.
    Ex: Similar to economic impact analysis, cost-benefit analysis provides a quantitative presentation of the returns to a community's library investment.
    Ex: Cats do not have sweat glands the way humans do, so panting is the way cats cool their bodies down, much like dogs.

    Spanish-English dictionary > al igual que

  • 5 software

    m.
    software (computing).
    paquete de software software package
    software integrado integrated software
    software de dominio público public domain software
    * * *
    1 software
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    ['sofwer]
    SM software

    software libre — free software, freeware

    * * *
    ['sofwer]
    masculino software
    * * *
    = software, software system, software program, computer application.
    Ex. Software is the programs or lists of instructions which are necessary to enable a computer system to conduct specific tasks.
    Ex. READS is a software system designed to run on a local area network (LAN) file server and accessed by multiple workstation.
    Ex. In the Internet, a client is a software program that is used to contact and obtain data from a server software program on another computer, often across a great distance.
    Ex. This computer application allows the student to simulate the role of a volcanologist and provides insight into the role of a research scientist and the science of volcanology.
    ----
    * demostración de software = software demo.
    * industria del software, la = software industry, the.
    * ingeniería de software = software engineering.
    * productor de software = software house, software producer.
    * programas de software libre = freeware.
    * software abierto = open software.
    * software comercial = proprietary software, commercial software.
    * software de código abierto = open source software.
    * software de comunicaciones = communications software.
    * software de comunicaciones, programa de comunicaciones = communications software.
    * software de filtrado = filtering software.
    * software de grabación en CD = burning software.
    * software de interfaz de usuario = front end software, front-end computer software.
    * software didáctico = courseware.
    * software filtro = filtering software.
    * software gratuito = user-supported software.
    * software informático = computer software.
    * software inteligente = intelligent software.
    * software intermedio = middleware.
    * software libre = freeware, free software.
    * software maligno = malware, malicious software.
    * software para el aprendizaje de idiomas = language-learning sofware.
    * software patentado = proprietary software.
    * software personalizado = tailor-made software.
    * software superinflado = bloatware, bloatware.
    * * *
    ['sofwer]
    masculino software
    * * *
    = software, software system, software program, computer application.

    Ex: Software is the programs or lists of instructions which are necessary to enable a computer system to conduct specific tasks.

    Ex: READS is a software system designed to run on a local area network (LAN) file server and accessed by multiple workstation.
    Ex: In the Internet, a client is a software program that is used to contact and obtain data from a server software program on another computer, often across a great distance.
    Ex: This computer application allows the student to simulate the role of a volcanologist and provides insight into the role of a research scientist and the science of volcanology.
    * demostración de software = software demo.
    * industria del software, la = software industry, the.
    * ingeniería de software = software engineering.
    * productor de software = software house, software producer.
    * programas de software libre = freeware.
    * software abierto = open software.
    * software comercial = proprietary software, commercial software.
    * software de código abierto = open source software.
    * software de comunicaciones = communications software.
    * software de comunicaciones, programa de comunicaciones = communications software.
    * software de filtrado = filtering software.
    * software de grabación en CD = burning software.
    * software de interfaz de usuario = front end software, front-end computer software.
    * software didáctico = courseware.
    * software filtro = filtering software.
    * software gratuito = user-supported software.
    * software informático = computer software.
    * software inteligente = intelligent software.
    * software intermedio = middleware.
    * software libre = freeware, free software.
    * software maligno = malware, malicious software.
    * software para el aprendizaje de idiomas = language-learning sofware.
    * software patentado = proprietary software.
    * software personalizado = tailor-made software.
    * software superinflado = bloatware, bloatware.

    * * *
    /ˈsofwer/
    ( Inf) (en general) software; (específico) piece of software
    descargar software/un software to download software/a piece of software
    Compuesto:
    systems software
    * * *

    software /'sofwer/ sustantivo masculino
    software
    software m Inform software
    ' software' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    paquete
    - actualizar
    - antivirus
    English:
    freeware
    - licensed
    - package
    - software
    - software package
    - proprietary
    - soft
    * * *
    software ['sofwer] nm
    Informát software;
    paquete de software software package
    software de comunicaciones communications software;
    software de dominio público public domain software;
    software integrado integrated software;
    software de sistema system software
    * * *
    m INFOR software;
    software de usuario user software
    * * *
    : software
    * * *
    software n software

    Spanish-English dictionary > software

  • 6 himili

    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [Swahili Word] -himili
    [English Word] bear
    [Part of Speech] verb
    [Derived Language] Arabic
    [Related Words] hamali
    [Swahili Example] miye nyumba ya udongo, sihimili vishindo (methali)
    [English Example] I am a mud hut, I can not bear shocks (proverb)
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [Swahili Word] -himili
    [English Word] endure
    [Part of Speech] verb
    [Derived Language] Arabic
    [Related Words] hamali
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [Swahili Word] -himili
    [English Word] support
    [Part of Speech] verb
    [Derived Language] Arabic
    [Related Words] hamali
    [Swahili Example] begani pake kajihimili shogaye mkuu [Muk]
    [English Example] on her shoulders she supported her best friend
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [Swahili Word] -himili
    [English Word] sustain
    [Part of Speech] verb
    [Derived Language] Arabic
    [Related Words] hamali
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [Swahili Word] -himili
    [English Word] hold out
    [Part of Speech] verb
    [Derived Language] Arabic
    [Related Words] hamali
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [Swahili Word] -himili
    [English Word] be pregnant
    [Part of Speech] verb
    [Derived Language] Arabic
    [Related Words] hamali
    ------------------------------------------------------------

    Swahili-english dictionary > himili

  • 7 Historical Portugal

       Before Romans described western Iberia or Hispania as "Lusitania," ancient Iberians inhabited the land. Phoenician and Greek trading settlements grew up in the Tagus estuary area and nearby coasts. Beginning around 202 BCE, Romans invaded what is today southern Portugal. With Rome's defeat of Carthage, Romans proceeded to conquer and rule the western region north of the Tagus, which they named Roman "Lusitania." In the fourth century CE, as Rome's rule weakened, the area experienced yet another invasion—Germanic tribes, principally the Suevi, who eventually were Christianized. During the sixth century CE, the Suevi kingdom was superseded by yet another Germanic tribe—the Christian Visigoths.
       A major turning point in Portugal's history came in 711, as Muslim armies from North Africa, consisting of both Arab and Berber elements, invaded the Iberian Peninsula from across the Straits of Gibraltar. They entered what is now Portugal in 714, and proceeded to conquer most of the country except for the far north. For the next half a millennium, Islam and Muslim presence in Portugal left a significant mark upon the politics, government, language, and culture of the country.
       Islam, Reconquest, and Portugal Created, 714-1140
       The long frontier struggle between Muslim invaders and Christian communities in the north of the Iberian peninsula was called the Reconquista (Reconquest). It was during this struggle that the first dynasty of Portuguese kings (Burgundian) emerged and the independent monarchy of Portugal was established. Christian forces moved south from what is now the extreme north of Portugal and gradually defeated Muslim forces, besieging and capturing towns under Muslim sway. In the ninth century, as Christian forces slowly made their way southward, Christian elements were dominant only in the area between Minho province and the Douro River; this region became known as "territorium Portu-calense."
       In the 11th century, the advance of the Reconquest quickened as local Christian armies were reinforced by crusading knights from what is now France and England. Christian forces took Montemor (1034), at the Mondego River; Lamego (1058); Viseu (1058); and Coimbra (1064). In 1095, the king of Castile and Léon granted the country of "Portu-cale," what became northern Portugal, to a Burgundian count who had emigrated from France. This was the foundation of Portugal. In 1139, a descendant of this count, Afonso Henriques, proclaimed himself "King of Portugal." He was Portugal's first monarch, the "Founder," and the first of the Burgundian dynasty, which ruled until 1385.
       The emergence of Portugal in the 12th century as a separate monarchy in Iberia occurred before the Christian Reconquest of the peninsula. In the 1140s, the pope in Rome recognized Afonso Henriques as king of Portugal. In 1147, after a long, bloody siege, Muslim-occupied Lisbon fell to Afonso Henriques's army. Lisbon was the greatest prize of the 500-year war. Assisting this effort were English crusaders on their way to the Holy Land; the first bishop of Lisbon was an Englishman. When the Portuguese captured Faro and Silves in the Algarve province in 1248-50, the Reconquest of the extreme western portion of the Iberian peninsula was complete—significantly, more than two centuries before the Spanish crown completed the Reconquest of the eastern portion by capturing Granada in 1492.
       Consolidation and Independence of Burgundian Portugal, 1140-1385
       Two main themes of Portugal's early existence as a monarchy are the consolidation of control over the realm and the defeat of a Castil-ian threat from the east to its independence. At the end of this period came the birth of a new royal dynasty (Aviz), which prepared to carry the Christian Reconquest beyond continental Portugal across the straits of Gibraltar to North Africa. There was a variety of motives behind these developments. Portugal's independent existence was imperiled by threats from neighboring Iberian kingdoms to the north and east. Politics were dominated not only by efforts against the Muslims in
       Portugal (until 1250) and in nearby southern Spain (until 1492), but also by internecine warfare among the kingdoms of Castile, Léon, Aragon, and Portugal. A final comeback of Muslim forces was defeated at the battle of Salado (1340) by allied Castilian and Portuguese forces. In the emerging Kingdom of Portugal, the monarch gradually gained power over and neutralized the nobility and the Church.
       The historic and commonplace Portuguese saying "From Spain, neither a good wind nor a good marriage" was literally played out in diplomacy and war in the late 14th-century struggles for mastery in the peninsula. Larger, more populous Castile was pitted against smaller Portugal. Castile's Juan I intended to force a union between Castile and Portugal during this era of confusion and conflict. In late 1383, Portugal's King Fernando, the last king of the Burgundian dynasty, suddenly died prematurely at age 38, and the Master of Aviz, Portugal's most powerful nobleman, took up the cause of independence and resistance against Castile's invasion. The Master of Aviz, who became King João I of Portugal, was able to obtain foreign assistance. With the aid of English archers, Joao's armies defeated the Castilians in the crucial battle of Aljubarrota, on 14 August 1385, a victory that assured the independence of the Portuguese monarchy from its Castilian nemesis for several centuries.
       Aviz Dynasty and Portugal's First Overseas Empire, 1385-1580
       The results of the victory at Aljubarrota, much celebrated in Portugal's art and monuments, and the rise of the Aviz dynasty also helped to establish a new merchant class in Lisbon and Oporto, Portugal's second city. This group supported King João I's program of carrying the Reconquest to North Africa, since it was interested in expanding Portugal's foreign commerce and tapping into Muslim trade routes and resources in Africa. With the Reconquest against the Muslims completed in Portugal and the threat from Castile thwarted for the moment, the Aviz dynasty launched an era of overseas conquest, exploration, and trade. These efforts dominated Portugal's 15th and 16th centuries.
       The overseas empire and age of Discoveries began with Portugal's bold conquest in 1415 of the Moroccan city of Ceuta. One royal member of the 1415 expedition was young, 21-year-old Prince Henry, later known in history as "Prince Henry the Navigator." His part in the capture of Ceuta won Henry his knighthood and began Portugal's "Marvelous Century," during which the small kingdom was counted as a European and world power of consequence. Henry was the son of King João I and his English queen, Philippa of Lancaster, but he did not inherit the throne. Instead, he spent most of his life and his fortune, and that of the wealthy military Order of Christ, on various imperial ventures and on voyages of exploration down the African coast and into the Atlantic. While mythology has surrounded Henry's controversial role in the Discoveries, and this role has been exaggerated, there is no doubt that he played a vital part in the initiation of Portugal's first overseas empire and in encouraging exploration. He was naturally curious, had a sense of mission for Portugal, and was a strong leader. He also had wealth to expend; at least a third of the African voyages of the time were under his sponsorship. If Prince Henry himself knew little science, significant scientific advances in navigation were made in his day.
       What were Portugal's motives for this new imperial effort? The well-worn historical cliche of "God, Glory, and Gold" can only partly explain the motivation of a small kingdom with few natural resources and barely 1 million people, which was greatly outnumbered by the other powers it confronted. Among Portuguese objectives were the desire to exploit known North African trade routes and resources (gold, wheat, leather, weaponry, and other goods that were scarce in Iberia); the need to outflank the Muslim world in the Mediterranean by sailing around Africa, attacking Muslims en route; and the wish to ally with Christian kingdoms beyond Africa. This enterprise also involved a strategy of breaking the Venetian spice monopoly by trading directly with the East by means of discovering and exploiting a sea route around Africa to Asia. Besides the commercial motives, Portugal nurtured a strong crusading sense of Christian mission, and various classes in the kingdom saw an opportunity for fame and gain.
       By the time of Prince Henry's death in 1460, Portugal had gained control of the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeiras, begun to colonize the Cape Verde Islands, failed to conquer the Canary Islands from Castile, captured various cities on Morocco's coast, and explored as far as Senegal, West Africa, down the African coast. By 1488, Bar-tolomeu Dias had rounded the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and thereby discovered the way to the Indian Ocean.
       Portugal's largely coastal African empire and later its fragile Asian empire brought unexpected wealth but were purchased at a high price. Costs included wars of conquest and defense against rival powers, manning the far-flung navel and trade fleets and scattered castle-fortresses, and staffing its small but fierce armies, all of which entailed a loss of skills and population to maintain a scattered empire. Always short of capital, the monarchy became indebted to bankers. There were many defeats beginning in the 16th century at the hands of the larger imperial European monarchies (Spain, France, England, and Holland) and many attacks on Portugal and its strung-out empire. Typically, there was also the conflict that arose when a tenuously held world empire that rarely if ever paid its way demanded finance and manpower Portugal itself lacked.
       The first 80 years of the glorious imperial era, the golden age of Portugal's imperial power and world influence, was an African phase. During 1415-88, Portuguese navigators and explorers in small ships, some of them caravelas (caravels), explored the treacherous, disease-ridden coasts of Africa from Morocco to South Africa beyond the Cape of Good Hope. By the 1470s, the Portuguese had reached the Gulf of Guinea and, in the early 1480s, what is now Angola. Bartolomeu Dias's extraordinary voyage of 1487-88 to South Africa's coast and the edge of the Indian Ocean convinced Portugal that the best route to Asia's spices and Christians lay south, around the tip of southern Africa. Between 1488 and 1495, there was a hiatus caused in part by domestic conflict in Portugal, discussion of resources available for further conquests beyond Africa in Asia, and serious questions as to Portugal's capacity to reach beyond Africa. In 1495, King Manuel and his council decided to strike for Asia, whatever the consequences. In 1497-99, Vasco da Gama, under royal orders, made the epic two-year voyage that discovered the sea route to western India (Asia), outflanked Islam and Venice, and began Portugal's Asian empire. Within 50 years, Portugal had discovered and begun the exploitation of its largest colony, Brazil, and set up forts and trading posts from the Middle East (Aden and Ormuz), India (Calicut, Goa, etc.), Malacca, and Indonesia to Macau in China.
       By the 1550s, parts of its largely coastal, maritime trading post empire from Morocco to the Moluccas were under siege from various hostile forces, including Muslims, Christians, and Hindi. Although Moroccan forces expelled the Portuguese from the major coastal cities by 1550, the rival European monarchies of Castile (Spain), England, France, and later Holland began to seize portions of her undermanned, outgunned maritime empire.
       In 1580, Phillip II of Spain, whose mother was a Portuguese princess and who had a strong claim to the Portuguese throne, invaded Portugal, claimed the throne, and assumed control over the realm and, by extension, its African, Asian, and American empires. Phillip II filled the power vacuum that appeared in Portugal following the loss of most of Portugal's army and its young, headstrong King Sebastião in a disastrous war in Morocco. Sebastiao's death in battle (1578) and the lack of a natural heir to succeed him, as well as the weak leadership of the cardinal who briefly assumed control in Lisbon, led to a crisis that Spain's strong monarch exploited. As a result, Portugal lost its independence to Spain for a period of 60 years.
       Portugal under Spanish Rule, 1580-1640
       Despite the disastrous nature of Portugal's experience under Spanish rule, "The Babylonian Captivity" gave birth to modern Portuguese nationalism, its second overseas empire, and its modern alliance system with England. Although Spain allowed Portugal's weakened empire some autonomy, Spanish rule in Portugal became increasingly burdensome and unacceptable. Spain's ambitious imperial efforts in Europe and overseas had an impact on the Portuguese as Spain made greater and greater demands on its smaller neighbor for manpower and money. Portugal's culture underwent a controversial Castilianization, while its empire became hostage to Spain's fortunes. New rival powers England, France, and Holland attacked and took parts of Spain's empire and at the same time attacked Portugal's empire, as well as the mother country.
       Portugal's empire bore the consequences of being attacked by Spain's bitter enemies in what was a form of world war. Portuguese losses were heavy. By 1640, Portugal had lost most of its Moroccan cities as well as Ceylon, the Moluccas, and sections of India. With this, Portugal's Asian empire was gravely weakened. Only Goa, Damão, Diu, Bombay, Timor, and Macau remained and, in Brazil, Dutch forces occupied the northeast.
       On 1 December 1640, long commemorated as a national holiday, Portuguese rebels led by the duke of Braganza overthrew Spanish domination and took advantage of Spanish weakness following a more serious rebellion in Catalonia. Portugal regained independence from Spain, but at a price: dependence on foreign assistance to maintain its independence in the form of the renewal of the alliance with England.
       Restoration and Second Empire, 1640-1822
       Foreign affairs and empire dominated the restoration era and aftermath, and Portugal again briefly enjoyed greater European power and prestige. The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance was renewed and strengthened in treaties of 1642, 1654, and 1661, and Portugal's independence from Spain was underwritten by English pledges and armed assistance. In a Luso-Spanish treaty of 1668, Spain recognized Portugal's independence. Portugal's alliance with England was a marriage of convenience and necessity between two monarchies with important religious, cultural, and social differences. In return for legal, diplomatic, and trade privileges, as well as the use during war and peace of Portugal's great Lisbon harbor and colonial ports for England's navy, England pledged to protect Portugal and its scattered empire from any attack. The previously cited 17th-century alliance treaties were renewed later in the Treaty of Windsor, signed in London in 1899. On at least 10 different occasions after 1640, and during the next two centuries, England was central in helping prevent or repel foreign invasions of its ally, Portugal.
       Portugal's second empire (1640-1822) was largely Brazil-oriented. Portuguese colonization, exploitation of wealth, and emigration focused on Portuguese America, and imperial revenues came chiefly from Brazil. Between 1670 and 1740, Portugal's royalty and nobility grew wealthier on funds derived from Brazilian gold, diamonds, sugar, tobacco, and other crops, an enterprise supported by the Atlantic slave trade and the supply of African slave labor from West Africa and Angola. Visitors today can see where much of that wealth was invested: Portugal's rich legacy of monumental architecture. Meanwhile, the African slave trade took a toll in Angola and West Africa.
       In continental Portugal, absolutist monarchy dominated politics and government, and there was a struggle for position and power between the monarchy and other institutions, such as the Church and nobility. King José I's chief minister, usually known in history as the marquis of Pombal (ruled 1750-77), sharply suppressed the nobility and the
       Church (including the Inquisition, now a weak institution) and expelled the Jesuits. Pombal also made an effort to reduce economic dependence on England, Portugal's oldest ally. But his successes did not last much beyond his disputed time in office.
       Beginning in the late 18th century, the European-wide impact of the French Revolution and the rise of Napoleon placed Portugal in a vulnerable position. With the monarchy ineffectively led by an insane queen (Maria I) and her indecisive regent son (João VI), Portugal again became the focus of foreign ambition and aggression. With England unable to provide decisive assistance in time, France—with Spain's consent—invaded Portugal in 1807. As Napoleon's army under General Junot entered Lisbon meeting no resistance, Portugal's royal family fled on a British fleet to Brazil, where it remained in exile until 1821. In the meantime, Portugal's overseas empire was again under threat. There was a power vacuum as the monarch was absent, foreign armies were present, and new political notions of liberalism and constitutional monarchy were exciting various groups of citizens.
       Again England came to the rescue, this time in the form of the armies of the duke of Wellington. Three successive French invasions of Portugal were defeated and expelled, and Wellington succeeded in carrying the war against Napoleon across the Portuguese frontier into Spain. The presence of the English army, the new French-born liberal ideas, and the political vacuum combined to create revolutionary conditions. The French invasions and the peninsular wars, where Portuguese armed forces played a key role, marked the beginning of a new era in politics.
       Liberalism and Constitutional Monarchy, 1822-1910
       During 1807-22, foreign invasions, war, and civil strife over conflicting political ideas gravely damaged Portugal's commerce, economy, and novice industry. The next terrible blow was the loss of Brazil in 1822, the jewel in the imperial crown. Portugal's very independence seemed to be at risk. In vain, Portugal sought to resist Brazilian independence by force, but in 1825 it formally acknowledged Brazilian independence by treaty.
       Portugal's slow recovery from the destructive French invasions and the "war of independence" was complicated by civil strife over the form of constitutional monarchy that best suited Portugal. After struggles over these issues between 1820 and 1834, Portugal settled somewhat uncertainly into a moderate constitutional monarchy whose constitution (Charter of 1826) lent it strong political powers to exert a moderating influence between the executive and legislative branches of the government. It also featured a new upper middle class based on land ownership and commerce; a Catholic Church that, although still important, lived with reduced privileges and property; a largely African (third) empire to which Lisbon and Oporto devoted increasing spiritual and material resources, starting with the liberal imperial plans of 1836 and 1851, and continuing with the work of institutions like the Lisbon Society of Geography (established 1875); and a mass of rural peasants whose bonds to the land weakened after 1850 and who began to immigrate in increasing numbers to Brazil and North America.
       Chronic military intervention in national politics began in 19th-century Portugal. Such intervention, usually commencing with coups or pronunciamentos (military revolts), was a shortcut to the spoils of political office and could reflect popular discontent as well as the power of personalities. An early example of this was the 1817 golpe (coup) attempt of General Gomes Freire against British military rule in Portugal before the return of King João VI from Brazil. Except for a more stable period from 1851 to 1880, military intervention in politics, or the threat thereof, became a feature of the constitutional monarchy's political life, and it continued into the First Republic and the subsequent Estado Novo.
       Beginning with the Regeneration period (1851-80), Portugal experienced greater political stability and economic progress. Military intervention in politics virtually ceased; industrialization and construction of railroads, roads, and bridges proceeded; two political parties (Regenerators and Historicals) worked out a system of rotation in power; and leading intellectuals sparked a cultural revival in several fields. In 19th-century literature, there was a new golden age led by such figures as Alexandre Herculano (historian), Eça de Queirós (novelist), Almeida Garrett (playwright and essayist), Antero de Quental (poet), and Joaquim Oliveira Martins (historian and social scientist). In its third overseas empire, Portugal attempted to replace the slave trade and slavery with legitimate economic activities; to reform the administration; and to expand Portuguese holdings beyond coastal footholds deep into the African hinterlands in West, West Central, and East Africa. After 1841, to some extent, and especially after 1870, colonial affairs, combined with intense nationalism, pressures for economic profit in Africa, sentiment for national revival, and the drift of European affairs would make or break Lisbon governments.
       Beginning with the political crisis that arose out of the "English Ultimatum" affair of January 1890, the monarchy became discredtted and identified with the poorly functioning government, political parties splintered, and republicanism found more supporters. Portugal participated in the "Scramble for Africa," expanding its African holdings, but failed to annex territory connecting Angola and Mozambique. A growing foreign debt and state bankruptcy as of the early 1890s damaged the constitutional monarchy's reputation, despite the efforts of King Carlos in diplomacy, the renewal of the alliance in the Windsor Treaty of 1899, and the successful if bloody colonial wars in the empire (1880-97). Republicanism proclaimed that Portugal's weak economy and poor society were due to two historic institutions: the monarchy and the Catholic Church. A republic, its stalwarts claimed, would bring greater individual liberty; efficient, if more decentralized government; and a stronger colonial program while stripping the Church of its role in both society and education.
       As the monarchy lost support and republicans became more aggressive, violence increased in politics. King Carlos I and his heir Luís were murdered in Lisbon by anarchist-republicans on 1 February 1908. Following a military and civil insurrection and fighting between monarchist and republican forces, on 5 October 1910, King Manuel II fled Portugal and a republic was proclaimed.
       First Parliamentary Republic, 1910-26
       Portugal's first attempt at republican government was the most unstable, turbulent parliamentary republic in the history of 20th-century Western Europe. During a little under 16 years of the republic, there were 45 governments, a number of legislatures that did not complete normal terms, military coups, and only one president who completed his four-year term in office. Portuguese society was poorly prepared for this political experiment. Among the deadly legacies of the monarchy were a huge public debt; a largely rural, apolitical, and illiterate peasant population; conflict over the causes of the country's misfortunes; and lack of experience with a pluralist, democratic system.
       The republic had some talented leadership but lacked popular, institutional, and economic support. The 1911 republican constitution established only a limited democracy, as only a small portion of the adult male citizenry was eligible to vote. In a country where the majority was Catholic, the republic passed harshly anticlerical laws, and its institutions and supporters persecuted both the Church and its adherents. During its brief disjointed life, the First Republic drafted important reform plans in economic, social, and educational affairs; actively promoted development in the empire; and pursued a liberal, generous foreign policy. Following British requests for Portugal's assistance in World War I, Portugal entered the war on the Allied side in March 1916 and sent armies to Flanders and Portuguese Africa. Portugal's intervention in that conflict, however, was too costly in many respects, and the ultimate failure of the republic in part may be ascribed to Portugal's World War I activities.
       Unfortunately for the republic, its time coincided with new threats to Portugal's African possessions: World War I, social and political demands from various classes that could not be reconciled, excessive military intervention in politics, and, in particular, the worst economic and financial crisis Portugal had experienced since the 16th and 17th centuries. After the original Portuguese Republican Party (PRP, also known as the "Democrats") splintered into three warring groups in 1912, no true multiparty system emerged. The Democrats, except for only one or two elections, held an iron monopoly of electoral power, and political corruption became a major issue. As extreme right-wing dictatorships elsewhere in Europe began to take power in Italy (1922), neighboring Spain (1923), and Greece (1925), what scant popular support remained for the republic collapsed. Backed by a right-wing coalition of landowners from Alentejo, clergy, Coimbra University faculty and students, Catholic organizations, and big business, career military officers led by General Gomes da Costa executed a coup on 28 May 1926, turned out the last republican government, and established a military government.
       The Estado Novo (New State), 1926-74
       During the military phase (1926-32) of the Estado Novo, professional military officers, largely from the army, governed and administered Portugal and held key cabinet posts, but soon discovered that the military possessed no magic formula that could readily solve the problems inherited from the First Republic. Especially during the years 1926-31, the military dictatorship, even with its political repression of republican activities and institutions (military censorship of the press, political police action, and closure of the republic's rowdy parliament), was characterized by similar weaknesses: personalism and factionalism; military coups and political instability, including civil strife and loss of life; state debt and bankruptcy; and a weak economy. "Barracks parliamentarism" was not an acceptable alternative even to the "Nightmare Republic."
       Led by General Óscar Carmona, who had replaced and sent into exile General Gomes da Costa, the military dictatorship turned to a civilian expert in finance and economics to break the budget impasse and bring coherence to the disorganized system. Appointed minister of finance on 27 April 1928, the Coimbra University Law School professor of economics Antônio de Oliveira Salazar (1889-1970) first reformed finance, helped balance the budget, and then turned to other concerns as he garnered extraordinary governing powers. In 1930, he was appointed interim head of another key ministry (Colonies) and within a few years had become, in effect, a civilian dictator who, with the military hierarchy's support, provided the government with coherence, a program, and a set of policies.
       For nearly 40 years after he was appointed the first civilian prime minister in 1932, Salazar's personality dominated the government. Unlike extreme right-wing dictators elsewhere in Europe, Salazar was directly appointed by the army but was never endorsed by a popular political party, street militia, or voter base. The scholarly, reclusive former Coimbra University professor built up what became known after 1932 as the Estado Novo ("New State"), which at the time of its overthrow by another military coup in 1974, was the longest surviving authoritarian regime in Western Europe. The system of Salazar and the largely academic and technocratic ruling group he gathered in his cabinets was based on the central bureaucracy of the state, which was supported by the president of the republic—always a senior career military officer, General Óscar Carmona (1928-51), General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58), and Admiral Américo Tómaz (1958-74)—and the complicity of various institutions. These included a rubber-stamp legislature called the National Assembly (1935-74) and a political police known under various names: PVDE (1932-45), PIDE (1945-69),
       and DGS (1969-74). Other defenders of the Estado Novo security were paramilitary organizations such as the National Republican Guard (GNR); the Portuguese Legion (PL); and the Portuguese Youth [Movement]. In addition to censorship of the media, theater, and books, there was political repression and a deliberate policy of depoliticization. All political parties except for the approved movement of regime loyalists, the União Nacional or (National Union), were banned.
       The most vigorous and more popular period of the New State was 1932-44, when the basic structures were established. Never monolithic or entirely the work of one person (Salazar), the New State was constructed with the assistance of several dozen top associates who were mainly academics from law schools, some technocrats with specialized skills, and a handful of trusted career military officers. The 1933 Constitution declared Portugal to be a "unitary, corporative Republic," and pressures to restore the monarchy were resisted. Although some of the regime's followers were fascists and pseudofascists, many more were conservative Catholics, integralists, nationalists, and monarchists of different varieties, and even some reactionary republicans. If the New State was authoritarian, it was not totalitarian and, unlike fascism in Benito Mussolini's Italy or Adolf Hitler's Germany, it usually employed the minimum of violence necessary to defeat what remained a largely fractious, incoherent opposition.
       With the tumultuous Second Republic and the subsequent civil war in nearby Spain, the regime felt threatened and reinforced its defenses. During what Salazar rightly perceived as a time of foreign policy crisis for Portugal (1936-45), he assumed control of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From there, he pursued four basic foreign policy objectives: supporting the Nationalist rebels of General Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39) and concluding defense treaties with a triumphant Franco; ensuring that General Franco in an exhausted Spain did not enter World War II on the Axis side; maintaining Portuguese neutrality in World War II with a post-1942 tilt toward the Allies, including granting Britain and the United States use of bases in the Azores Islands; and preserving and protecting Portugal's Atlantic Islands and its extensive, if poor, overseas empire in Africa and Asia.
       During the middle years of the New State (1944-58), many key Salazar associates in government either died or resigned, and there was greater social unrest in the form of unprecedented strikes and clandestine Communist activities, intensified opposition, and new threatening international pressures on Portugal's overseas empire. During the earlier phase of the Cold War (1947-60), Portugal became a steadfast, if weak, member of the US-dominated North Atlantic Treaty Organization alliance and, in 1955, with American support, Portugal joined the United Nations (UN). Colonial affairs remained a central concern of the regime. As of 1939, Portugal was the third largest colonial power in the world and possessed territories in tropical Africa (Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, and São Tomé and Príncipe Islands) and the remnants of its 16th-century empire in Asia (Goa, Damão, Diu, East Timor, and Macau). Beginning in the early 1950s, following the independence of India in 1947, Portugal resisted Indian pressures to decolonize Portuguese India and used police forces to discourage internal opposition in its Asian and African colonies.
       The later years of the New State (1958-68) witnessed the aging of the increasingly isolated but feared Salazar and new threats both at home and overseas. Although the regime easily overcame the brief oppositionist threat from rival presidential candidate General Humberto Delgado in the spring of 1958, new developments in the African and Asian empires imperiled the authoritarian system. In February 1961, oppositionists hijacked the Portuguese ocean liner Santa Maria and, in following weeks, African insurgents in northern Angola, although they failed to expel the Portuguese, gained worldwide media attention, discredited the New State, and began the 13-year colonial war. After thwarting a dissident military coup against his continued leadership, Salazar and his ruling group mobilized military repression in Angola and attempted to develop the African colonies at a faster pace in order to ensure Portuguese control. Meanwhile, the other European colonial powers (Britain, France, Belgium, and Spain) rapidly granted political independence to their African territories.
       At the time of Salazar's removal from power in September 1968, following a stroke, Portugal's efforts to maintain control over its colonies appeared to be successful. President Americo Tomás appointed Dr. Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor as prime minister. While maintaining the New State's basic structures, and continuing the regime's essential colonial policy, Caetano attempted wider reforms in colonial administration and some devolution of power from Lisbon, as well as more freedom of expression in Lisbon. Still, a great deal of the budget was devoted to supporting the wars against the insurgencies in Africa. Meanwhile in Asia, Portuguese India had fallen when the Indian army invaded in December 1961. The loss of Goa was a psychological blow to the leadership of the New State, and of the Asian empire only East Timor and Macau remained.
       The Caetano years (1968-74) were but a hiatus between the waning Salazar era and a new regime. There was greater political freedom and rapid economic growth (5-6 percent annually to late 1973), but Caetano's government was unable to reform the old system thoroughly and refused to consider new methods either at home or in the empire. In the end, regime change came from junior officers of the professional military who organized the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) against the Caetano government. It was this group of several hundred officers, mainly in the army and navy, which engineered a largely bloodless coup in Lisbon on 25 April 1974. Their unexpected action brought down the 48-year-old New State and made possible the eventual establishment and consolidation of democratic governance in Portugal, as well as a reorientation of the country away from the Atlantic toward Europe.
       Revolution of Carnations, 1974-76
       Following successful military operations of the Armed Forces Movement against the Caetano government, Portugal experienced what became known as the "Revolution of Carnations." It so happened that during the rainy week of the military golpe, Lisbon flower shops were featuring carnations, and the revolutionaries and their supporters adopted the red carnation as the common symbol of the event, as well as of the new freedom from dictatorship. The MFA, whose leaders at first were mostly little-known majors and captains, proclaimed a three-fold program of change for the new Portugal: democracy; decolonization of the overseas empire, after ending the colonial wars; and developing a backward economy in the spirit of opportunity and equality. During the first 24 months after the coup, there was civil strife, some anarchy, and a power struggle. With the passing of the Estado Novo, public euphoria burst forth as the new provisional military government proclaimed the freedoms of speech, press, and assembly, and abolished censorship, the political police, the Portuguese Legion, Portuguese Youth, and other New State organizations, including the National Union. Scores of political parties were born and joined the senior political party, the Portuguese Community Party (PCP), and the Socialist Party (PS), founded shortly before the coup.
       Portugal's Revolution of Carnations went through several phases. There was an attempt to take control by radical leftists, including the PCP and its allies. This was thwarted by moderate officers in the army, as well as by the efforts of two political parties: the PS and the Social Democrats (PPD, later PSD). The first phase was from April to September 1974. Provisional president General Antonio Spínola, whose 1974 book Portugal and the Future had helped prepare public opinion for the coup, met irresistible leftist pressures. After Spinola's efforts to avoid rapid decolonization of the African empire failed, he resigned in September 1974. During the second phase, from September 1974 to March 1975, radical military officers gained control, but a coup attempt by General Spínola and his supporters in Lisbon in March 1975 failed and Spínola fled to Spain.
       In the third phase of the Revolution, March-November 1975, a strong leftist reaction followed. Farm workers occupied and "nationalized" 1.1 million hectares of farmland in the Alentejo province, and radical military officers in the provisional government ordered the nationalization of Portuguese banks (foreign banks were exempted), utilities, and major industries, or about 60 percent of the economic system. There were power struggles among various political parties — a total of 50 emerged—and in the streets there was civil strife among labor, military, and law enforcement groups. A constituent assembly, elected on 25 April 1975, in Portugal's first free elections since 1926, drafted a democratic constitution. The Council of the Revolution (CR), briefly a revolutionary military watchdog committee, was entrenched as part of the government under the constitution, until a later revision. During the chaotic year of 1975, about 30 persons were killed in political frays while unstable provisional governments came and went. On 25 November 1975, moderate military forces led by Colonel Ramalho Eanes, who later was twice elected president of the republic (1976 and 1981), defeated radical, leftist military groups' revolutionary conspiracies.
       In the meantime, Portugal's scattered overseas empire experienced a precipitous and unprepared decolonization. One by one, the former colonies were granted and accepted independence—Guinea-Bissau (September 1974), Cape Verde Islands (July 1975), and Mozambique (July 1975). Portugal offered to turn over Macau to the People's Republic of China, but the offer was refused then and later negotiations led to the establishment of a formal decolonization or hand-over date of 1999. But in two former colonies, the process of decolonization had tragic results.
       In Angola, decolonization negotiations were greatly complicated by the fact that there were three rival nationalist movements in a struggle for power. The January 1975 Alvor Agreement signed by Portugal and these three parties was not effectively implemented. A bloody civil war broke out in Angola in the spring of 1975 and, when Portuguese armed forces withdrew and declared that Angola was independent on 11 November 1975, the bloodshed only increased. Meanwhile, most of the white Portuguese settlers from Angola and Mozambique fled during the course of 1975. Together with African refugees, more than 600,000 of these retornados ("returned ones") went by ship and air to Portugal and thousands more to Namibia, South Africa, Brazil, Canada, and the United States.
       The second major decolonization disaster was in Portugal's colony of East Timor in the Indonesian archipelago. Portugal's capacity to supervise and control a peaceful transition to independence in this isolated, neglected colony was limited by the strength of giant Indonesia, distance from Lisbon, and Portugal's revolutionary disorder and inability to defend Timor. In early December 1975, before Portugal granted formal independence and as one party, FRETILIN, unilaterally declared East Timor's independence, Indonesia's armed forces invaded, conquered, and annexed East Timor. Indonesian occupation encountered East Timorese resistance, and a heavy loss of life followed. The East Timor question remained a contentious international issue in the UN, as well as in Lisbon and Jakarta, for more than 20 years following Indonesia's invasion and annexation of the former colony of Portugal. Major changes occurred, beginning in 1998, after Indonesia underwent a political revolution and allowed a referendum in East Timor to decide that territory's political future in August 1999. Most East Timorese chose independence, but Indonesian forces resisted that verdict until
       UN intervention in September 1999. Following UN rule for several years, East Timor attained full independence on 20 May 2002.
       Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-2000
       After several free elections and record voter turnouts between 25 April 1975 and June 1976, civil war was averted and Portugal's second democratic republic began to stabilize. The MFA was dissolved, the military were returned to the barracks, and increasingly elected civilians took over the government of the country. The 1976 Constitution was revised several times beginning in 1982 and 1989, in order to reempha-size the principle of free enterprise in the economy while much of the large, nationalized sector was privatized. In June 1976, General Ram-alho Eanes was elected the first constitutional president of the republic (five-year term), and he appointed socialist leader Dr. Mário Soares as prime minister of the first constitutional government.
       From 1976 to 1985, Portugal's new system featured a weak economy and finances, labor unrest, and administrative and political instability. The difficult consolidation of democratic governance was eased in part by the strong currency and gold reserves inherited from the Estado Novo, but Lisbon seemed unable to cope with high unemployment, new debt, the complex impact of the refugees from Africa, world recession, and the agitation of political parties. Four major parties emerged from the maelstrom of 1974-75, except for the Communist Party, all newly founded. They were, from left to right, the Communists (PCP); the Socialists (PS), who managed to dominate governments and the legislature but not win a majority in the Assembly of the Republic; the Social Democrats (PSD); and the Christian Democrats (CDS). During this period, the annual growth rate was low (l-2 percent), and the nationalized sector of the economy stagnated.
       Enhanced economic growth, greater political stability, and more effective central government as of 1985, and especially 1987, were due to several developments. In 1977, Portugal applied for membership in the European Economic Community (EEC), now the European Union (EU) since 1993. In January 1986, with Spain, Portugal was granted membership, and economic and financial progress in the intervening years has been significantly influenced by the comparatively large investment, loans, technology, advice, and other assistance from the EEC. Low unemployment, high annual growth rates (5 percent), and moderate inflation have also been induced by the new political and administrative stability in Lisbon. Led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva, an economist who was trained abroad, the PSD's strong organization, management, and electoral support since 1985 have assisted in encouraging economic recovery and development. In 1985, the PSD turned the PS out of office and won the general election, although they did not have an absolute majority of assembly seats. In 1986, Mário Soares was elected president of the republic, the first civilian to hold that office since the First Republic. In the elections of 1987 and 1991, however, the PSD was returned to power with clear majorities of over 50 percent of the vote.
       Although the PSD received 50.4 percent of the vote in the 1991 parliamentary elections and held a 42-seat majority in the Assembly of the Republic, the party began to lose public support following media revelations regarding corruption and complaints about Prime Minister Cavaco Silva's perceived arrogant leadership style. President Mário Soares voiced criticism of the PSD's seemingly untouchable majority and described a "tyranny of the majority." Economic growth slowed down. In the parliamentary elections of 1995 and the presidential election of 1996, the PSD's dominance ended for the time being. Prime Minister Antônio Guterres came to office when the PS won the October 1995 elections, and in the subsequent presidential contest, in January 1996, socialist Jorge Sampaio, the former mayor of Lisbon, was elected president of the republic, thus defeating Cavaco Silva's bid. Young and popular, Guterres moved the PS toward the center of the political spectrum. Under Guterres, the PS won the October 1999 parliamentary elections. The PS defeated the PSD but did not manage to win a clear, working majority of seats, and this made the PS dependent upon alliances with smaller parties, including the PCP.
       In the local elections in December 2001, the PSD's criticism of PS's heavy public spending allowed the PSD to take control of the key cities of Lisbon, Oporto, and Coimbra. Guterres resigned, and parliamentary elections were brought forward from 2004 to March 2002. The PSD won a narrow victory with 40 percent of the votes, and Jose Durão Barroso became prime minister. Having failed to win a majority of the seats in parliament forced the PSD to govern in coalition with the right-wing Popular Party (PP) led by Paulo Portas. Durão Barroso set about reducing government spending by cutting the budgets of local authorities, freezing civil service hiring, and reviving the economy by accelerating privatization of state-owned enterprises. These measures provoked a 24-hour strike by public-sector workers. Durão Barroso reacted with vows to press ahead with budget-cutting measures and imposed a wage freeze on all employees earning more than €1,000, which affected more than one-half of Portugal's work force.
       In June 2004, Durão Barroso was invited by Romano Prodi to succeed him as president of the European Commission. Durão Barroso accepted and resigned the prime ministership in July. Pedro Santana Lopes, the leader of the PSD, became prime minister. Already unpopular at the time of Durão Barroso's resignation, the PSD-led government became increasingly unpopular under Santana Lopes. A month-long delay in the start of the school year and confusion over his plan to cut taxes and raise public-sector salaries, eroded confidence even more. By November, Santana Lopes's government was so unpopular that President Jorge Sampaio was obliged to dissolve parliament and hold new elections, two years ahead of schedule.
       Parliamentary elections were held on 20 February 2005. The PS, which had promised the electorate disciplined and transparent governance, educational reform, the alleviation of poverty, and a boost in employment, won 45 percent of the vote and the majority of the seats in parliament. The leader of the PS, José Sôcrates became prime minister on 12 March 2005. In the regularly scheduled presidential elections held on 6 January 2006, the former leader of the PSD and prime minister, Aníbal Cavaco Silva, won a narrow victory and became president on 9 March 2006. With a mass protest, public teachers' strike, and street demonstrations in March 2008, Portugal's media, educational, and social systems experienced more severe pressures. With the spreading global recession beginning in September 2008, Portugal's economic and financial systems became more troubled.
       Owing to its geographic location on the southwestern most edge of continental Europe, Portugal has been historically in but not of Europe. Almost from the beginning of its existence in the 12th century as an independent monarchy, Portugal turned its back on Europe and oriented itself toward the Atlantic Ocean. After carving out a Christian kingdom on the western portion of the Iberian peninsula, Portuguese kings gradually built and maintained a vast seaborne global empire that became central to the way Portugal understood its individuality as a nation-state. While the creation of this empire allows Portugal to claim an unusual number of "firsts" or distinctions in world and Western history, it also retarded Portugal's economic, social, and political development. It can be reasonably argued that the Revolution of 25 April 1974 was the most decisive event in Portugal's long history because it finally ended Portugal's oceanic mission and view of itself as an imperial power. After the 1974 Revolution, Portugal turned away from its global mission and vigorously reoriented itself toward Europe. Contemporary Portugal is now both in and of Europe.
       The turn toward Europe began immediately after 25 April 1974. Portugal granted independence to its African colonies in 1975. It was admitted to the European Council and took the first steps toward accession to the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1976. On 28 March 1977, the Portuguese government officially applied for EEC membership. Because of Portugal's economic and social backwardness, which would require vast sums of EEC money to overcome, negotiations for membership were long and difficult. Finally, a treaty of accession was signed on 12 June 1985. Portugal officially joined the EEC (the European Union [EU] since 1993) on 1 January 1986. Since becoming a full-fledged member of the EU, Portugal has been steadily overcoming the economic and social underdevelopment caused by its imperial past and is becoming more like the rest of Europe.
       Membership in the EU has speeded up the structural transformation of Portugal's economy, which actually began during the Estado Novo. Investments made by the Estado Novo in Portugal's economy began to shift employment out of the agricultural sector, which, in 1950, accounted for 50 percent of Portugal's economically active population. Today, only 10 percent of the economically active population is employed in the agricultural sector (the highest among EU member states); 30 percent in the industrial sector (also the highest among EU member states); and 60 percent in the service sector (the lowest among EU member states). The economically active population numbers about 5,000,000 employed, 56 percent of whom are women. Women workers are the majority of the workforce in the agricultural and service sectors (the highest among the EU member states). The expansion of the service sector has been primarily in health care and education. Portugal has had the lowest unemployment rates among EU member states, with the overall rate never being more than 10 percent of the active population. Since joining the EU, the number of employers increased from 2.6 percent to 5.8 percent of the active population; self-employed from 16 to 19 percent; and employees from 65 to 70 percent. Twenty-six percent of the employers are women. Unemployment tends to hit younger workers in industry and transportation, women employed in domestic service, workers on short-term contracts, and poorly educated workers. Salaried workers earn only 63 percent of the EU average, and hourly workers only one-third to one-half of that earned by their EU counterparts. Despite having had the second highest growth of gross national product (GNP) per inhabitant (after Ireland) among EU member states, the above data suggest that while much has been accomplished in terms of modernizing the Portuguese economy, much remains to be done to bring Portugal's economy up to the level of the "average" EU member state.
       Membership in the EU has also speeded up changes in Portuguese society. Over the last 30 years, coastalization and urbanization have intensified. Fully 50 percent of Portuguese live in the coastal urban conurbations of Lisbon, Oporto, Braga, Aveiro, Coimbra, Viseu, Évora, and Faro. The Portuguese population is one of the oldest among EU member states (17.3 percent are 65 years of age or older) thanks to a considerable increase in life expectancy at birth (77.87 years for the total population, 74.6 years for men, 81.36 years for women) and one of the lowest birthrates (10.59 births/1,000) in Europe. Family size averages 2.8 persons per household, with the strict nuclear family (one or two generations) in which both parents work being typical. Common law marriages, cohabitating couples, and single-parent households are more and more common. The divorce rate has also increased. "Youth Culture" has developed. The young have their own meeting places, leisure-time activities, and nightlife (bars, clubs, and discos).
       All Portuguese citizens, whether they have contributed or not, have a right to an old-age pension, invalidity benefits, widowed persons' pension, as well as payments for disabilities, children, unemployment, and large families. There is a national minimum wage (€385 per month), which is low by EU standards. The rapid aging of Portugal's population has changed the ratio of contributors to pensioners to 1.7, the lowest in the EU. This has created deficits in Portugal's social security fund.
       The adult literacy rate is about 92 percent. Illiteracy is still found among the elderly. Although universal compulsory education up to grade 9 was achieved in 1980, only 21.2 percent of the population aged 25-64 had undergone secondary education, compared to an EU average of 65.7 percent. Portugal's higher education system currently consists of 14 state universities and 14 private universities, 15 state polytechnic institutions, one Catholic university, and one military academy. All in all, Portugal spends a greater percentage of its state budget on education than most EU member states. Despite this high level of expenditure, the troubled Portuguese education system does not perform well. Early leaving and repetition rates are among the highest among EU member states.
       After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Portugal created a National Health Service, which today consists of 221 hospitals and 512 medical centers employing 33,751 doctors and 41,799 nurses. Like its education system, Portugal's medical system is inefficient. There are long waiting lists for appointments with specialists and for surgical procedures.
       Structural changes in Portugal's economy and society mean that social life in Portugal is not too different from that in other EU member states. A mass consumption society has been created. Televisions, telephones, refrigerators, cars, music equipment, mobile phones, and personal computers are commonplace. Sixty percent of Portuguese households possess at least one automobile, and 65 percent of Portuguese own their own home. Portuguese citizens are more aware of their legal rights than ever before. This has resulted in a trebling of the number of legal proceeding since 1960 and an eight-fold increase in the number of lawyers. In general, Portuguese society has become more permissive and secular; the Catholic Church and the armed forces are much less influential than in the past. Portugal's population is also much more culturally, religiously, and ethnically diverse, a consequence of the coming to Portugal of hundreds of thousands of immigrants, mainly from former African colonies.
       Portuguese are becoming more cosmopolitan and sophisticated through the impact of world media, the Internet, and the World Wide Web. A prime case in point came in the summer and early fall of 1999, with the extraordinary events in East Timor and the massive Portuguese popular responses. An internationally monitored referendum in East Timor, Portugal's former colony in the Indonesian archipelago and under Indonesian occupation from late 1975 to summer 1999, resulted in a vote of 78.5 percent for rejecting integration with Indonesia and for independence. When Indonesian prointegration gangs, aided by the Indonesian military, responded to the referendum with widespread brutality and threatened to reverse the verdict of the referendum, there was a spontaneous popular outpouring of protest in the cities and towns of Portugal. An avalanche of Portuguese e-mail fell on leaders and groups in the UN and in certain countries around the world as Portugal's diplomats, perhaps to compensate for the weak initial response to Indonesian armed aggression in 1975, called for the protection of East Timor as an independent state and for UN intervention to thwart Indonesian action. Using global communications networks, the Portuguese were able to mobilize UN and world public opinion against Indonesian actions and aided the eventual independence of East Timor on 20 May 2002.
       From the Revolution of 25 April 1974 until the 1990s, Portugal had a large number of political parties, one of the largest Communist parties in western Europe, frequent elections, and endemic cabinet instability. Since the 1990s, the number of political parties has been dramatically reduced and cabinet stability increased. Gradually, the Portuguese electorate has concentrated around two larger parties, the right-of-center Social Democrats (PSD) and the left-of-center Socialist (PS). In the 1980s, these two parties together garnered 65 percent of the vote and 70 percent of the seats in parliament. In 2005, these percentages had risen to 74 percent and 85 percent, respectively. In effect, Portugal is currently a two-party dominant system in which the two largest parties — PS and PSD—alternate in and out of power, not unlike the rotation of the two main political parties (the Regenerators and the Historicals) during the last decades (1850s to 1880s) of the liberal constitutional monarchy. As Portugal's democracy has consolidated, turnout rates for the eligible electorate have declined. In the 1970s, turnout was 85 percent. In Portugal's most recent parliamentary election (2005), turnout had fallen to 65 percent of the eligible electorate.
       Portugal has benefited greatly from membership in the EU, and whatever doubts remain about the price paid for membership, no Portuguese government in the near future can afford to sever this connection. The vast majority of Portuguese citizens see membership in the EU as a "good thing" and strongly believe that Portugal has benefited from membership. Only the Communist Party opposed membership because it reduces national sovereignty, serves the interests of capitalists not workers, and suffers from a democratic deficit. Despite the high level of support for the EU, Portuguese voters are increasingly not voting in elections for the European Parliament, however. Turnout for European Parliament elections fell from 40 percent of the eligible electorate in the 1999 elections to 38 percent in the 2004 elections.
       In sum, Portugal's turn toward Europe has done much to overcome its backwardness. However, despite the economic, social, and political progress made since 1986, Portugal has a long way to go before it can claim to be on a par with the level found even in Spain, much less the rest of western Europe. As Portugal struggles to move from underde-velopment, especially in the rural areas away from the coast, it must keep in mind the perils of too rapid modern development, which could damage two of its most precious assets: its scenery and environment. The growth and future prosperity of the economy will depend on the degree to which the government and the private sector will remain stewards of clean air, soil, water, and other finite resources on which the tourism industry depends and on which Portugal's world image as a unique place to visit rests. Currently, Portugal is investing heavily in renewable energy from solar, wind, and wave power in order to account for about 50 percent of its electricity needs by 2010. Portugal opened the world's largest solar power plant and the world's first commercial wave power farm in 2006.
       An American documentary film on Portugal produced in the 1970s described this little country as having "a Past in Search of a Future." In the years after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, it could be said that Portugal is now living in "a Present in Search of a Future." Increasingly, that future lies in Europe as an active and productive member of the EU.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Historical Portugal

  • 8 Kurtz, Thomas E.

    [br]
    b. USA
    [br]
    American mathematician who, with Kemeny developed BASIC, a high-level computer language.
    [br]
    Kurtz took his first degree in mathematics at the University of California in Los Angeles (UCLA), where he also gained experience in numerical methods as a result of working in the National Bureau of Standards Institute for Numerical Analysis located on the campus. In 1956 he obtained a PhD in statistics at Princeton, after which he took up a post as an instructor at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire. There he found a considerable interest in computing was already in existence, and he was soon acting as the Dartmouth contact with the New England Regional Computer Center at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, an initiative partly supported by IBM. With Kemeny, he learned the Share Assembly Language then in use, but they were concerned about the difficulty of programming computers in assembly language and of teaching it to students and colleagues at Dartmouth. In 1959 the college obtained an LGP-30 computer and Kurtz became the first Director of the Dartmouth Computer Center. However, the small memory (4 k) of this 30-bit machine precluded its use with the recently available high-level language Algol 58. Therefore, with Kemeny, he set about developing a simple language and operating system that would use simple English commands and be easy to learn and use. This they called the Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code (BASIC). At the same time they jointly supervised the design and development of a time-sharing system suitable for college use, so that by 1964, when Kurtz became an associate professor of mathematics, they had a fully operational BASIC system; by 1969 a sixth version was already in existence. In 1966 Kurtz left Dartmouth to become a Director of the Kiewit Computer Center, and then, in 1975, he became a Director of the Office of Academic Computing; in 1978 he returned to Dartmouth as Professor of Mathematics. He also served on various national committees.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1964, with J.G.Kemeny, BASIC Instruction Manual: Dartmouth College (for details of the development of BASIC etc.).
    1968, with J.G.Kemeny "Dartmouth time-sharing", Science 223.
    Further Reading
    R.L.Wexelblat, 1981, History of Programming Languages, London: Academic Press (a more general view of the development of computer languages).
    KF

    Biographical history of technology > Kurtz, Thomas E.

  • 9 Reading

       1) The Discovery of Truth Depends on the Thoughtful Reading of Authoritative Texts
       For the Middle Ages, all discovery of truth was first reception of traditional authorities, then later-in the thirteenth century-rational reconciliation of authoritative texts. A comprehension of the world was not regarded as a creative function but as an assimilation and retracing of given facts; the symbolic expression of this being reading. The goal and the accomplishment of the thinker is to connect all these facts together in the form of the "summa." Dante's cosmic poem is such a summa too. (Curtius, 1973, p. 326)
       The readers of books... extend or concentrate a function common to us all. Reading letters on a page is only one of its many guises. The astronomer reading a map of stars that no longer exist; the Japanese architect reading the land on which a house is to be built so as to guard it from evil forces; the zoologist reading the spoor of animals in the forest; the card-player reading her partner's gestures before playing the winning card; the dancer reading the choreographer's notations, and the public reading the dancer's movements on the stage; the weaver reading the intricate design of a carpet being woven; the organ-player reading various simultaneous strands of music orchestrated on the page; the parent reading the baby's face for signs of joy or fright, or wonder; the Chinese fortune-teller reading the ancient marks on the shell of a tortoise; the lover blindly reading the loved one's body at night, under the sheets; the psychiatrist helping patients read their own bewildering dreams; the Hawaiian fisherman reading the ocean currents by plunging a hand into the water; the farmer reading the weather in the sky-all these share with book-readers the craft of deciphering and translating signs....
       We all read ourselves and the world around us in order to glimpse what and where we are. We read to understand, or to begin to understand. We cannot do but read. Reading, almost as much as breathing, is our essential function. (Manguel, 1996, pp. 6-7)
       There is a pitched battle between those theorists and modellers who embrace the primacy of syntax and those who embrace the primacy of semantics in language processing. At times both schools have committed various excesses. For example, some of the former have relied foolishly on context-free mathematical-combinatory models, while some of the latter have flirted with versions of the "direct-access hypothesis," the idea that skilled readers process printed language directly into meaning without phonological or even syntactic processing. The problems with the first excess are patent. Those with the second are more complex and demand more research. Unskilled readers apparently do rely more on phonological processing than do skilled ones; hence their spoken dialects may interfere with their reading-and writing-habits. But the extent to which phonological processing is absent in the skilled reader has not been established, and the contention that syntactic processing is suspended in the skilled reader is surely wrong and not supported by empirical evidence-though blood-flow patterns in the brain are curiously different during speaking, oral reading, and silent reading. (M. L. Johnson, 1988, pp. 101-102)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Reading

  • 10 informe

    adj.
    shapeless.
    m.
    1 report (documento, estudio).
    2 denunciation, report.
    3 advice.
    pres.subj.
    3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) Present Subjunctive of Spanish verb: informar.
    * * *
    1 (sin forma) shapeless, formless
    1 report
    1 references
    \
    dar informes sobre alguien (referencias) to provide references for somebody 2 (datos) to give information about somebody
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    I
    ADJ [bulto, figura] shapeless
    II
    SM
    1) (=escrito) report ( sobre on)

    informe médico/policial/técnico — medical/police/technical report

    2) pl informes (=datos) information sing ; [de trabajador] references

    dar informes sobre algn/algo — to give information about sb/sth

    pedir informes de o sobre algo — to ask for information about sth

    pedir informes de o sobre algn — [para trabajo] to follow up sb's references

    3) (Jur) report

    informe del juez — summing-up, summation (EEUU)

    4) (Com) report
    5) (Pol) White Paper
    * * *
    1) (exposición, dictamen) report

    informe policial/médico — police/medical report

    2) informes masculino plural
    a) ( datos) information, particulars (pl)
    b) ( de empleado) reference, references (pl)

    pedir informes — to ask for a reference/for references

    * * *
    = account, brief, filing, memo [memorandum], memorandum [memoranda -pl.; memo -abr.], news report, report, review, survey, briefing, debriefing, briefing paper, write-up.
    Ex. In the interests of clarity an integrated account of the appropriate added entry headings is to be found in 21.29 and 21.30.
    Ex. The architect's brief specifies that every square metre that funds will allow should be allocated.
    Ex. The schedule allows the filing of photographs under headings that designate photographic processes or apparatus.
    Ex. In most cases there was little substitution of e-mail for letters, memos, telephone calls, meetings or travel.
    Ex. Among the documents that are worthy of consideration for abstracting are those which convey information that is likely to be difficult to access, such as foreign documents or internal reports and memoranda and other documents which a limited circulation.
    Ex. It covers selected news reports which include the president's programme, power for youth services workers, pay equity, and equity in information services.
    Ex. The report introduced a range of ideas which have influenced subsequent code construction.
    Ex. The review is supported by a complete list of LIPs completed or in progess at Aug 88, followed by references to their reports.
    Ex. Indicative abstracts abound in phrases such as 'is discussed' or 'has been surveyed', but do not record the outcome of the discussion or survey.
    Ex. This briefing summarises the history and development of libraries in US higher education.
    Ex. Students will write final essays on their search, and debriefings will be conducted in the classroom.
    Ex. The company has launched a series of briefing papers to assist customers in making sense of market.
    Ex. If you read some of their write-ups, you can be sure that their endgame is to give a part of this country to Tamils.
    ----
    * elaboración de informes = report writing.
    * emitir un informe = issue + statement.
    * informe anual = annual report.
    * informe bursátil = stock market report.
    * informe científico = scientific report.
    * informe del estado de la cuestión = state of the art report, state of the art review.
    * informe del resultado de una investigación = research report.
    * informe del viaje realizado = travel report.
    * informe de progreso = status report.
    * informe de propuestas = proposals report.
    * informe de resultados = report of findings.
    * informe de seguimiento = progress report.
    * informe de situación = status report.
    * informe de tendencias = trends report.
    * informe de tráfico = traffic report.
    * informe de una comisión = committee paper.
    * informe económico = economic report.
    * informe final = final report.
    * informe legal = legal brief.
    * informe médico = medical report.
    * informe numérico = data report.
    * informe policial = police report.
    * informe secreto = intelligence report.
    * informes, los = report literature.
    * informe sobre el avance de un proyecto = progress report.
    * informe sobre el estado de la nación = state of the nation report.
    * informe sobre el estado general de las carreteras = road report.
    * informe sobre la marcha de un proyecto = progress report.
    * informe sobre la situación actual = state of the art report.
    * informe técnico = report, technical report.
    * informe trimestral = quarterly report.
    * presentación de informes = reporting.
    * presentar un informe = give + a report, present + report.
    * programa creador de informes = report writer.
    * redacción de informes = report writing.
    * redacción de informes técnicos = technical writing.
    * redactar un informe = draw up + report.
    * rendir informes = debrief.
    * * *
    1) (exposición, dictamen) report

    informe policial/médico — police/medical report

    2) informes masculino plural
    a) ( datos) information, particulars (pl)
    b) ( de empleado) reference, references (pl)

    pedir informes — to ask for a reference/for references

    * * *
    = account, brief, filing, memo [memorandum], memorandum [memoranda -pl.; memo -abr.], news report, report, review, survey, briefing, debriefing, briefing paper, write-up.

    Ex: In the interests of clarity an integrated account of the appropriate added entry headings is to be found in 21.29 and 21.30.

    Ex: The architect's brief specifies that every square metre that funds will allow should be allocated.
    Ex: The schedule allows the filing of photographs under headings that designate photographic processes or apparatus.
    Ex: In most cases there was little substitution of e-mail for letters, memos, telephone calls, meetings or travel.
    Ex: Among the documents that are worthy of consideration for abstracting are those which convey information that is likely to be difficult to access, such as foreign documents or internal reports and memoranda and other documents which a limited circulation.
    Ex: It covers selected news reports which include the president's programme, power for youth services workers, pay equity, and equity in information services.
    Ex: The report introduced a range of ideas which have influenced subsequent code construction.
    Ex: The review is supported by a complete list of LIPs completed or in progess at Aug 88, followed by references to their reports.
    Ex: Indicative abstracts abound in phrases such as 'is discussed' or 'has been surveyed', but do not record the outcome of the discussion or survey.
    Ex: This briefing summarises the history and development of libraries in US higher education.
    Ex: Students will write final essays on their search, and debriefings will be conducted in the classroom.
    Ex: The company has launched a series of briefing papers to assist customers in making sense of market.
    Ex: If you read some of their write-ups, you can be sure that their endgame is to give a part of this country to Tamils.
    * elaboración de informes = report writing.
    * emitir un informe = issue + statement.
    * informe anual = annual report.
    * informe bursátil = stock market report.
    * informe científico = scientific report.
    * informe del estado de la cuestión = state of the art report, state of the art review.
    * informe del resultado de una investigación = research report.
    * informe del viaje realizado = travel report.
    * informe de progreso = status report.
    * informe de propuestas = proposals report.
    * informe de resultados = report of findings.
    * informe de seguimiento = progress report.
    * informe de situación = status report.
    * informe de tendencias = trends report.
    * informe de tráfico = traffic report.
    * informe de una comisión = committee paper.
    * informe económico = economic report.
    * informe final = final report.
    * informe legal = legal brief.
    * informe médico = medical report.
    * informe numérico = data report.
    * informe policial = police report.
    * informe secreto = intelligence report.
    * informes, los = report literature.
    * informe sobre el avance de un proyecto = progress report.
    * informe sobre el estado de la nación = state of the nation report.
    * informe sobre el estado general de las carreteras = road report.
    * informe sobre la marcha de un proyecto = progress report.
    * informe sobre la situación actual = state of the art report.
    * informe técnico = report, technical report.
    * informe trimestral = quarterly report.
    * presentación de informes = reporting.
    * presentar un informe = give + a report, present + report.
    * programa creador de informes = report writer.
    * redacción de informes = report writing.
    * redacción de informes técnicos = technical writing.
    * redactar un informe = draw up + report.
    * rendir informes = debrief.

    * * *
    shapeless, formless
    A (exposición, dictamen) report
    informe policial/médico police/medical report
    Compuestos:
    annual report
    chairman's report
    1 (datos) information, particulars (pl)
    2 (de un empleado) reference, references (pl)
    pedir informes to ask for a reference/for references
    3 ( Per); information desk
    * * *

     

    Del verbo informar: ( conjugate informar)

    informé es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo

    informe es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    informar    
    informe
    informar ( conjugate informar) verbo transitivo ‹persona/prensa› to inform;

    ¿podría informeme sobre los cursos de idiomas? could you give me some information about language courses?
    verbo intransitivo (dar noticias, información) to report;
    informe sobre algo to report on sth, give a report on sth;
    informe de algo to announce sth
    informarse verbo pronominal
    to get information;
    informese sobre algo to find out o inquire about sth
    informe sustantivo masculino
    1 (exposición, dictamen) report;

    2
    ◊ informes sustantivo masculino plural



    ◊ pedir informes to ask for a reference/for references

    informar
    I verbo transitivo to inform [de, of]
    II verbo intransitivo & verbo transitivo to report
    informe sustantivo masculino
    1 report 2 informes, (para un empleo) references
    ' informe' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    acompañar
    - baja
    - disentir
    - estimativa
    - estimativo
    - fragmentaria
    - fragmentario
    - galimatías
    - incluida
    - incluido
    - listada
    - listado
    - memoria
    - ojeada
    - parte
    - peritaje
    - puntual
    - resumir
    - amañar
    - anexo
    - bibliografía
    - corresponder
    - elaborar
    - encargar
    - entregar
    - escamotear
    - exacto
    - filtración
    - global
    - llevar
    - minucioso
    - presentar
    - pulcro
    - redactar
    - reporte
    English:
    absolve
    - account
    - anomaly
    - brief
    - compile
    - concise
    - consistent
    - dispatch
    - error
    - exhaustive
    - foresee
    - glimpse
    - job
    - plonk
    - present
    - reference
    - report
    - report card
    - say
    - school report
    - shapeless
    - slanted
    - submission
    - thrust
    - weekly report
    - audit
    - chase
    - debriefing
    - disservice
    - hold
    - indictment
    - out
    - survey
    - write
    * * *
    ♦ nm
    1. [documento, estudio] report ( sobre on o about);
    un informe policial a police report;
    han solicitado el informe de un técnico they have asked for a report from an expert
    informe anual annual report; Com informe de gestión management report
    2. Der = oral summary of case given to the judge by counsel for defence or prosecution, ≈ closing speech
    ♦ informes nmpl
    [información] information; [sobre comportamiento] report; [para un empleo] reference(s)
    informe2 adj
    shapeless
    * * *
    I adj shapeless
    II m
    1 report
    2
    :
    informes pl ( referencias) references
    * * *
    informe adj
    amorfo: shapeless, formless
    1) : report
    2) : reference (for employment)
    3) informes nmpl: information, data
    * * *

    Spanish-English dictionary > informe

  • 11 ordenador

    adj.
    ordering.
    m.
    computer (computing). (peninsular Spanish)
    pasar algo a ordenador to type something up on a wordprocessor o computer
    ordenador central mainframe computer
    ordenador personal personal computer
    ordenador portátil laptop computer
    ordenador de sobremesa desktop computer
    * * *
    1 ordering
    2 RELIGIÓN ordaining
    1 INFORMÁTICA computer
    \
    ordenador personal personal computer
    ————————
    1 INFORMÁTICA computer
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *

    ordenador analógico — analogue computer, analog computer (EEUU)

    ordenador portátil — [gen] portable computer; [pequeño] laptop computer

    * * *
    * * *
    = computer, computer equipment.
    Ex. In dialogues based on commands, the user enters his instructions as pre-set commands; the computer recognizes theses and takes appropriate action.
    Ex. In other cases, the capacity and performance of computer equipment prove to be the limiting factor, although continuing advances in fields like data networks, voice input and output, and computer vision keep pushing these limits further and further back.
    ----
    * aceptable por el ordenador = machine-processable.
    * adquisición por ordenador = computerised acquisition.
    * animación por ordenador = computer animation.
    * aprendizaje asistido por ordenador (CAL) = computer-assisted learning (CAL).
    * aprendizaje por medio del ordenador = computer-based learning (CBL).
    * archivo de ordenador = computer file, machine-readable data file.
    * asignado por el ordenador = computer-assigned.
    * asignado por ordenador = machine-assigned.
    * asistido por el ordenador = machine-negotiated.
    * asistido por ordenador = computer-mediated, computer-supported, computer-assisted, computer-aided.
    * calculado por el ordenador = computer-calculated.
    * carrete de ordenador = computer reel.
    * cartucho de ordenador = computer cartridge.
    * casete de ordenador = computer cassette.
    * catálogo de listado de ordenador compuesto tipográficamente = typeset computer book form catalogue.
    * catálogo en forma de listado de ordenador = computer book form catalogue.
    * componer tipográficamente por ordenador = computer typeset.
    * composición tipográfica por ordenador = computer typesetting.
    * comunicación entre ordenadores = computer-communication.
    * comunicación mediante el ordenador = computer mediated communication (CMC).
    * conexión entre ordenadores = computer link.
    * conferencia por ordenador = computer conferencing.
    * congreso mediante ordenador = computer-mediated conferencing.
    * congreso por ordenador = computer conference.
    * controlado por ordenador = computer-controlled.
    * creado por ordenador = computer-generated.
    * de aplicación específica a un equipo de ordenador = hardware-based.
    * de ordenadores = computer-to-computer.
    * desplazamiento por medio del ordenador = computer commuting.
    * disco de ordenador = computer disc.
    * disco óptico de ordenador = computer optical disc.
    * diseño asistido por ordenador (CAD) = computer-aided design (CAD).
    * elaborado por ordenador = computer-produced [computer produced].
    * empresa de ordenadores = computer company.
    * emulación de terminales de ordenador = terminal emulation.
    * enseñanza asistida por ordenador = computer-aided learning (CAL).
    * enseñanza asistida por ordenador (CAI) = computer-assisted instruction (CAI).
    * enseñanza por medio del ordenador (CBI) = computer-based instruction (CBI).
    * entre ordenadores = computer-to-computer.
    * estado del ordenador en fuera de línea = offlineness.
    * estado del ordenador en línea = onlineness.
    * gestión de imágenes por ordenador = computer imaging.
    * gráficos por ordenador = computer graphics.
    * guardado en el ordenador = machine-stored.
    * hacer que sea procesable por el ordenador = render + machine-manipulatable.
    * imágenes por ordenador = computer graphics.
    * índice de listado de ordenador compuesto tipográficamente = typeset computer book form index.
    * índice encuadernado de listado de ordenador = computer book form index.
    * interacción hombre-ordenador = human-computer interaction.
    * introducir datos en el ordenador = input.
    * introductor de datos en un ordenador = inputter.
    * juego de ordenador = computer game.
    * listado de ordenador = computer print-out.
    * listado encuadernado de ordenador = computer print-out book form, computer book.
    * MARS (Servicio de Referencia Asistido por Ordenador) = MARS (Machine Assisted Reference Service).
    * mecanógrafo de ordenador = keyboard operator.
    * mediante el ordenador = computer-mediated.
    * microforma producida por ordenador = COM (computer output microform).
    * miedo al ordenador = computer anxiety.
    * modelo por ordenador = computer model.
    * monitor de ordenador = CRT screen, CRT display screen.
    * ordenación por ordenador = computer filing.
    * ordenador central = central computer, host computer.
    * ordenador compatible = generic computer.
    * ordenador de bolsillo = palm-sized computer, palmtop, palmtop computer.
    * ordenador de mano = Palm Pilot.
    * ordenador de seguridad = firewall.
    * ordenador de sobremesa = desktop computer.
    * ordenador digital = digital computer.
    * Ordenadores Apple = Apple Computer.
    * ordenadores de uso público = PAWS (Public access workstations).
    * ordenador frontal = head-end computer.
    * ordenador personal = desktop computer, home computer.
    * ordenador personal (PC) = personal computer (PC).
    * ordenador portátil = notebook computer, laptop, laptop computer.
    * ordenador trampa = honeypot.
    * orientado al ordenador = machine-oriented, computer-oriented.
    * paquete de programas de ordenador = software package.
    * para ordenadores personales = microcomputer-based, PC-based.
    * PC IBM (Ordenador personal IBM) = IBM-PC (IBM Personal Computer).
    * plataforma de ordenador = computing platform.
    * presentación mediante ordenador = computer projection.
    * prestaciones del ordenador = computer's capabilities.
    * procesable por el ordenador = machine-manipulatable.
    * producido por ordenador = computer-produced [computer produced], machine-derived.
    * programa de ordenador = computer programme.
    * proyección mediante ordenador = computer projection.
    * reconocimiento de imágenes por el ordenador = computer vision.
    * red de ordenadores = computer network.
    * reinicializar un ordenador = reboot + computer.
    * simulación por ordenador = computer simulation.
    * tarjeta de ordenador = computer card.
    * tecnología del ordenador = computer technology.
    * tecnología del ordenador personal = personal computer technology.
    * teleconferencia por ordenador = computer teleconferencing.
    * teleordenador = telecomputer.
    * terminal de ordenador = terminal, computer terminal.
    * tiempo durante el cual el ordenador no está disponible al público = down time.
    * tomografía por ordenador = computer tomography, computed tomography.
    * trabajo con ordenador = computer work.
    * traducción asistida por ordenador = computer-aided translation (CAT), computer-assisted translation (CAT).
    * unidad de archivos de ordenador múltiples = multi-file item.
    * utilizar al máximo por medio del ordenador = explode.
    * utilizar el ordenador = operate + computer.
    * volver a insertar en el ordenador = rekey [re-key].
    * * *
    * * *
    = computer, computer equipment.

    Ex: In dialogues based on commands, the user enters his instructions as pre-set commands; the computer recognizes theses and takes appropriate action.

    Ex: In other cases, the capacity and performance of computer equipment prove to be the limiting factor, although continuing advances in fields like data networks, voice input and output, and computer vision keep pushing these limits further and further back.
    * aceptable por el ordenador = machine-processable.
    * adquisición por ordenador = computerised acquisition.
    * animación por ordenador = computer animation.
    * aprendizaje asistido por ordenador (CAL) = computer-assisted learning (CAL).
    * aprendizaje por medio del ordenador = computer-based learning (CBL).
    * archivo de ordenador = computer file, machine-readable data file.
    * asignado por el ordenador = computer-assigned.
    * asignado por ordenador = machine-assigned.
    * asistido por el ordenador = machine-negotiated.
    * asistido por ordenador = computer-mediated, computer-supported, computer-assisted, computer-aided.
    * calculado por el ordenador = computer-calculated.
    * carrete de ordenador = computer reel.
    * cartucho de ordenador = computer cartridge.
    * casete de ordenador = computer cassette.
    * catálogo de listado de ordenador compuesto tipográficamente = typeset computer book form catalogue.
    * catálogo en forma de listado de ordenador = computer book form catalogue.
    * componer tipográficamente por ordenador = computer typeset.
    * composición tipográfica por ordenador = computer typesetting.
    * comunicación entre ordenadores = computer-communication.
    * comunicación mediante el ordenador = computer mediated communication (CMC).
    * conexión entre ordenadores = computer link.
    * conferencia por ordenador = computer conferencing.
    * congreso mediante ordenador = computer-mediated conferencing.
    * congreso por ordenador = computer conference.
    * controlado por ordenador = computer-controlled.
    * creado por ordenador = computer-generated.
    * de aplicación específica a un equipo de ordenador = hardware-based.
    * de ordenadores = computer-to-computer.
    * desplazamiento por medio del ordenador = computer commuting.
    * disco de ordenador = computer disc.
    * disco óptico de ordenador = computer optical disc.
    * diseño asistido por ordenador (CAD) = computer-aided design (CAD).
    * elaborado por ordenador = computer-produced [computer produced].
    * empresa de ordenadores = computer company.
    * emulación de terminales de ordenador = terminal emulation.
    * enseñanza asistida por ordenador = computer-aided learning (CAL).
    * enseñanza asistida por ordenador (CAI) = computer-assisted instruction (CAI).
    * enseñanza por medio del ordenador (CBI) = computer-based instruction (CBI).
    * entre ordenadores = computer-to-computer.
    * estado del ordenador en fuera de línea = offlineness.
    * estado del ordenador en línea = onlineness.
    * gestión de imágenes por ordenador = computer imaging.
    * gráficos por ordenador = computer graphics.
    * guardado en el ordenador = machine-stored.
    * hacer que sea procesable por el ordenador = render + machine-manipulatable.
    * imágenes por ordenador = computer graphics.
    * índice de listado de ordenador compuesto tipográficamente = typeset computer book form index.
    * índice encuadernado de listado de ordenador = computer book form index.
    * interacción hombre-ordenador = human-computer interaction.
    * introducir datos en el ordenador = input.
    * introductor de datos en un ordenador = inputter.
    * juego de ordenador = computer game.
    * listado de ordenador = computer print-out.
    * listado encuadernado de ordenador = computer print-out book form, computer book.
    * MARS (Servicio de Referencia Asistido por Ordenador) = MARS (Machine Assisted Reference Service).
    * mecanógrafo de ordenador = keyboard operator.
    * mediante el ordenador = computer-mediated.
    * microforma producida por ordenador = COM (computer output microform).
    * miedo al ordenador = computer anxiety.
    * modelo por ordenador = computer model.
    * monitor de ordenador = CRT screen, CRT display screen.
    * ordenación por ordenador = computer filing.
    * ordenador central = central computer, host computer.
    * ordenador compatible = generic computer.
    * ordenador de bolsillo = palm-sized computer, palmtop, palmtop computer.
    * ordenador de mano = Palm Pilot.
    * ordenador de seguridad = firewall.
    * ordenador de sobremesa = desktop computer.
    * ordenador digital = digital computer.
    * Ordenadores Apple = Apple Computer.
    * ordenadores de uso público = PAWS (Public access workstations).
    * ordenador frontal = head-end computer.
    * ordenador personal = desktop computer, home computer.
    * ordenador personal (PC) = personal computer (PC).
    * ordenador portátil = notebook computer, laptop, laptop computer.
    * ordenador trampa = honeypot.
    * orientado al ordenador = machine-oriented, computer-oriented.
    * paquete de programas de ordenador = software package.
    * para ordenadores personales = microcomputer-based, PC-based.
    * PC IBM (Ordenador personal IBM) = IBM-PC (IBM Personal Computer).
    * plataforma de ordenador = computing platform.
    * presentación mediante ordenador = computer projection.
    * prestaciones del ordenador = computer's capabilities.
    * procesable por el ordenador = machine-manipulatable.
    * producido por ordenador = computer-produced [computer produced], machine-derived.
    * programa de ordenador = computer programme.
    * proyección mediante ordenador = computer projection.
    * reconocimiento de imágenes por el ordenador = computer vision.
    * red de ordenadores = computer network.
    * reinicializar un ordenador = reboot + computer.
    * simulación por ordenador = computer simulation.
    * tarjeta de ordenador = computer card.
    * tecnología del ordenador = computer technology.
    * tecnología del ordenador personal = personal computer technology.
    * teleconferencia por ordenador = computer teleconferencing.
    * teleordenador = telecomputer.
    * terminal de ordenador = terminal, computer terminal.
    * tiempo durante el cual el ordenador no está disponible al público = down time.
    * tomografía por ordenador = computer tomography, computed tomography.
    * trabajo con ordenador = computer work.
    * traducción asistida por ordenador = computer-aided translation (CAT), computer-assisted translation (CAT).
    * unidad de archivos de ordenador múltiples = multi-file item.
    * utilizar al máximo por medio del ordenador = explode.
    * utilizar el ordenador = operate + computer.
    * volver a insertar en el ordenador = rekey [re-key].

    * * *
    ( Esp)
    computer
    Compuestos:
    central computer
    onboard computer
    palmtop
    palmtop
    ● ordenador de sobremesa or de mesa
    desktop computer
    home computer
    neural computer
    server
    personal computer
    portable computer; (más pequeño) laptop computer
    * * *

     

    Multiple Entries:
    ordenador    
    ordeñador
    ordenador sustantivo masculino (Esp) See Also→

    ordenador sustantivo masculino computer: estudia diseño asistido por ordenador, she's taking a class in computer-aided design (CAD); ordenador portátil, laptop computer

    ' ordenador' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    actualizar
    - cargarse
    - cerrar
    - colgarse
    - comprar
    - de
    - desarrollar
    - dichosa
    - dichoso
    - escribir
    - espaciador
    - ficha
    - garantía
    - inexperta
    - inexperto
    - manual
    - marchar
    - portátil
    - risa
    - sobremesa
    - teclado
    - teclear
    - terminar
    - uso
    - velocidad
    English:
    afford
    - CAD
    - computer
    - computer language
    - computer-assisted
    - data processor
    - delete
    - desktop
    - dinosaur
    - down
    - exclusively
    - function
    - good
    - innards
    - instruction
    - keep
    - key
    - laptop
    - longhand
    - notebook
    - pc
    - personal computer
    - printout
    - retrofit
    - upgrade
    - compatible
    - main
    - personal
    * * *
    Esp computer;
    pasar algo a ordenador to key sth up (on a computer)
    ordenador analógico analogue computer;
    ordenador de a bordo onboard computer;
    ordenador central central computer;
    ordenador compatible compatible computer;
    ordenador digital digital computer;
    ordenador doméstico home computer;
    ordenador personal personal computer;
    ordenador portátil laptop computer;
    ordenador de sobremesa desktop computer
    * * *
    m Esp
    INFOR computer;
    asistido por ordenador computer-aided
    * * *
    ordenador nm, Spain : computer
    * * *
    ordenador n computer

    Spanish-English dictionary > ordenador

  • 12 web, la

    = Web, the.
    Ex. When some of the early technical review and usage analyses have been accomplished, the texts will be made available on the Web.
    ----
    * accesible a través de la web = Web-accessible.
    * adaptado a la web = web-compliant.
    * administrador de página web = webmaster.
    * administrador de servidor web = Web developer, webmaster.
    * administrador de sitio web = Web manager, webmaster.
    * agente de noticias web = newsbot.
    * alojamiento de páginas web = web hosting.
    * aplicación web = Web application.
    * a través de la web = Web-based, Web-supported.
    * autoedición de páginas web = Web authoring.
    * basado en tecnología web = Web-based.
    * buscador web = Web spider.
    * centrado en la web = Web-centric.
    * cliente web = WWW browser, Web browser.
    * colgar Algo en la web = put (out) + Nombre + on the web.
    * conservación de la web = Web archiving.
    * contenido web en formato RSS = RSS feed.
    * crear servidor web = put up + web site.
    * crear un servidor web = open up + web site.
    * dirección web = web address.
    * directorio web = Web directory.
    * edición web = WWW edition.
    * enlaces a sitios web = sitation.
    * en la web = Web-based, Web-supported.
    * experto en la confección de documentos web = text mark-up expert.
    * factor de impacto web = Web impact factor (WIF/Web-IF).
    * factor impacto en la web = Web impact factor (WIF/Web-IF).
    * formato generalizado para la codificación de documentos web = generalised markup format, generalised markup format.
    * formulario web = web form.
    * hecho exclusivamente para la web = Web-centric.
    * indizador de noticias web = newsbot.
    * lenguaje para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup language.
    * mapa web = site map, Web map.
    * navegar por la web = surf + the Web.
    * noticia web en formato RSS = RSS feed.
    * página web = Web page [Webpage], portal page, Internet site, Web site [website].
    * página web de empresa = business site, corporate site.
    * página web de universidad = academic site, university site.
    * página web de vacaciones = holiday site.
    * página web excéntrica = odd ball site.
    * para la web = Web-related.
    * portal web = Web portal, Web guide.
    * presencia en la web = Web presence.
    * publicación en la web = Web publishing.
    * que puede ser usado a través de la web = web-compliant.
    * quiosco Web = Web kiosk.
    * relacionado con la web = Web-related.
    * seminario web = webinar.
    * servidor web = Web site [website], web server, Internet site.
    * sistema para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup system.
    * sitio web = Web site [website].
    * sitio web de empresa = business site, corporate site.
    * sitio web de información = content site, content Web site.
    * sitio web de universidad = academic site, university site.
    * tráfico de la web = Web traffic.
    * web invisible, la = invisible Web, the.
    * web oculta, la = hidden Web, the.
    * web profunda, la = deep Web, the.
    * web semántica, la = semantic web, the.
    * web social, la = social web, the.

    Spanish-English dictionary > web, la

  • 13 web

    f.
    web site.
    m.
    1 Web.
    2 web.
    * * *
    1 website
    * * *
    SM ó SF (=página) website; (=red) (World Wide) Web
    * * *
    la web
    = Web, the.

    Ex: When some of the early technical review and usage analyses have been accomplished, the texts will be made available on the Web.

    * accesible a través de la web = Web-accessible.
    * adaptado a la web = web-compliant.
    * administrador de página web = webmaster.
    * administrador de servidor web = Web developer, webmaster.
    * administrador de sitio web = Web manager, webmaster.
    * agente de noticias web = newsbot.
    * alojamiento de páginas web = web hosting.
    * aplicación web = Web application.
    * a través de la web = Web-based, Web-supported.
    * autoedición de páginas web = Web authoring.
    * basado en tecnología web = Web-based.
    * buscador web = Web spider.
    * centrado en la web = Web-centric.
    * cliente web = WWW browser, Web browser.
    * colgar Algo en la web = put (out) + Nombre + on the web.
    * conservación de la web = Web archiving.
    * contenido web en formato RSS = RSS feed.
    * crear servidor web = put up + web site.
    * crear un servidor web = open up + web site.
    * dirección web = web address.
    * directorio web = Web directory.
    * edición web = WWW edition.
    * enlaces a sitios web = sitation.
    * en la web = Web-based, Web-supported.
    * experto en la confección de documentos web = text mark-up expert.
    * factor de impacto web = Web impact factor (WIF/Web-IF).
    * factor impacto en la web = Web impact factor (WIF/Web-IF).
    * formato generalizado para la codificación de documentos web = generalised markup format, generalised markup format.
    * formulario web = web form.
    * hecho exclusivamente para la web = Web-centric.
    * indizador de noticias web = newsbot.
    * lenguaje para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup language.
    * mapa web = site map, Web map.
    * navegar por la web = surf + the Web.
    * noticia web en formato RSS = RSS feed.
    * página web = Web page [Webpage], portal page, Internet site, Web site [website].
    * página web de empresa = business site, corporate site.
    * página web de universidad = academic site, university site.
    * página web de vacaciones = holiday site.
    * página web excéntrica = odd ball site.
    * para la web = Web-related.
    * portal web = Web portal, Web guide.
    * presencia en la web = Web presence.
    * publicación en la web = Web publishing.
    * que puede ser usado a través de la web = web-compliant.
    * quiosco Web = Web kiosk.
    * relacionado con la web = Web-related.
    * seminario web = webinar.
    * servidor web = Web site [website], web server, Internet site.
    * sistema para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup system.
    * sitio web = Web site [website].
    * sitio web de empresa = business site, corporate site.
    * sitio web de información = content site, content Web site.
    * sitio web de universidad = academic site, university site.
    * tráfico de la web = Web traffic.
    * web invisible, la = invisible Web, the.
    * web oculta, la = hidden Web, the.
    * web profunda, la = deep Web, the.
    * web semántica, la = semantic web, the.
    * web social, la = social web, the.

    * * *
    or
    la or el web the Web, the World Wide Web
    * * *

    web /(g)web/ f or m: la or el web the Web
    ' web' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    palmípeda
    - palmípedo
    - tejer
    - telaraña
    - explorar
    - navegar
    - página
    - sitio
    English:
    spider's web
    - web
    - spin
    - weave
    - World Wide Web
    - WWW
    * * *
    Web, web [we£] Informát
    ♦ nf
    [World Wide Web]
    la Web the Web
    ♦ nm o nf
    [página web] website
    * * *
    web n web

    Spanish-English dictionary > web

  • 14 minoría

    f.
    minority, the few.
    * * *
    1 minority
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *

    estar en minoría — to be in a o the minority

    * * *
    femenino minority

    estar en minoría — to be in a/the minority

    * * *
    Ex. Or in broader terms there exists not so much the middle and working class, but rather the majority and the minority.
    ----
    * biblioteca de minoría étnica = ethnic library.
    * estar en minoría = be in the minority.
    * falsa política de integración de minorías = tokenism.
    * información en defensa de las minorías = affirmative information.
    * minoría cultural = cultural minority.
    * minoría étnica = ethnic minority.
    * minoría lingüística = linguistic minority, language minority.
    * minoría negra = black minority.
    * minoría privilegiada, la = privileged few, the.
    * minoría privilegiada, una = privileged few, a.
    * minoría racial = racial minority.
    * ser la minoría = be in the minority.
    * una minoría de = a minority of.
    * una minoría selecta = a select few.
    * una pequeña minoría de = a marginal fringe of.
    * una selecta minoría = a select few.
    * * *
    femenino minority

    estar en minoría — to be in a/the minority

    * * *

    Ex: Or in broader terms there exists not so much the middle and working class, but rather the majority and the minority.

    * biblioteca de minoría étnica = ethnic library.
    * estar en minoría = be in the minority.
    * falsa política de integración de minorías = tokenism.
    * información en defensa de las minorías = affirmative information.
    * minoría cultural = cultural minority.
    * minoría étnica = ethnic minority.
    * minoría lingüística = linguistic minority, language minority.
    * minoría negra = black minority.
    * minoría privilegiada, la = privileged few, the.
    * minoría privilegiada, una = privileged few, a.
    * minoría racial = racial minority.
    * ser la minoría = be in the minority.
    * una minoría de = a minority of.
    * una minoría selecta = a select few.
    * una pequeña minoría de = a marginal fringe of.
    * una selecta minoría = a select few.

    * * *
    minority
    minoría parlamentaria parliamentary minority
    estar en minoría to be in a/the minority
    minorías étnicas ethnic minorities
    proteger los derechos de las minorías to protect the rights of minorities o minority rights
    los que apoyaban la huelga eran una minoría those who supported the strike were a minority
    gobernar en minoría to rule with a minority government
    Compuesto:
    minority
    * * *

    minoría sustantivo femenino
    minority;
    ◊ estar en minoría to be in a/the minority;

    minoría de edad minority
    minoría sustantivo femenino minority: estamos en minoría, we are in a minority
    minoría de edad, state of being a minor or under age

    ' minoría' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    golpista
    English:
    minority
    - vocal
    - ethnic
    - few
    * * *
    minority;
    los que piensan así son una minoría people who think like that are in a minority;
    estar en minoría to be in a minority
    minoría de edad (legal) minority;
    minorías étnicas ethnic minorities;
    minoría racial racial minority
    * * *
    f minority
    * * *
    : minority
    * * *
    minoría n minority [pl. minorities]

    Spanish-English dictionary > minoría

  • 15 fuerte

    adj.
    1 strong (persona, viento).
    un medicamento muy fuerte a very powerful medicine
    está demasiado fuerte it's on too loud
    4 tight (nudo).
    5 strong.
    es una empresa fuerte en el sector the company's strong in this sector
    una moneda fuerte a strong currency
    6 large, considerable (grande) (cantidad).
    una fuerte presencia de artistas europeos a large contingent of European artists
    adv.
    3 loudly.
    4 strong.
    m.
    1 fort.
    2 strong point, forte (punto fuerte).
    su fuerte son las matemáticas mathematics is his forte
    3 fortress, fort, bastille, fortification.
    * * *
    1 (gen) strong
    2 (en asignatura) strong, good
    3 (viento) strong; (lluvia, nevada) heavy; (tormenta, seísmo) severe; (calor) intense
    4 (escena - violento) violent; (- escandaloso) shocking; (- inquietante) disturbing
    5 (dolor, enfermedad) severe, bad
    6 (golpe) hard, heavy
    7 (sonido) loud
    8 (subida) steep, sharp; (bajada) sharp
    9 (discusión) heated, violent; (protesta) violent, vigorous; (polémica) bitter; (aplauso) loud, thunderous
    10 (presión) intense; (influencia) powerful, strong
    13 (color) intense
    14 (contraste) marked, sharp; (tendency) strong, marked
    15 (cosa fija) stiff, tight
    2 (punto fuerte) forte, strong point
    1 (mucho) a lot
    3 (volumen) loud
    \
    ¡abrázame fuerte! hold me tight!
    estar fuerte en algo to be good at something
    ¡habla más fuerte! speak up!
    * * *
    1. adv.
    1) hard
    2. adj.
    2) loud
    3. noun m.
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    1) [persona]
    a) [físicamente] [gen] strong; (=robusto) sturdy, powerfully built; euf (=obeso) large
    b) [emocionalmente] strong, tough

    hemos de ser fuertes ante la adversidad — we must be strong o tough in the face of adversity

    c)

    estar fuerte en filosofía/historia — [estudiante] to be strong in philosophy/history

    2) (=intenso)
    a) [sabor, olor, viento] strong; [dolor, calor] intense; [lluvia] heavy; [ejercicio] strenuous
    b) [explosión, voz, ruido] loud; [golpe] heavy, hard; [acento] strong, thick
    c) [color] (=no pálido) strong; (=llamativo) bright
    d) [impresión] strong, powerful; [deseo] strong, deep; [fe, objeción] strong; [discusión] heated
    e) [abrazo, beso] big

    un beso muy fuerte — [en cartas] lots of love

    un fuerte abrazo, Carmen — best wishes, Carmen; [más cariñoso] love, Carmen

    3) [bebida, medicamento] strong; [comida] (=pesada) heavy; (=indigesta) indigestible

    nunca toma cosas fuertes, solo cerveza y vino — he never drinks spirits o the hard stuff *, just beer and wine

    4) (=resistente) [cuerda, tela] strong; [economía, moneda, país] strong
    5) (=importante) [aumento, bajada] sharp; [crisis] serious, severe; [pérdidas] large, substantial
    6) (=impactante) [escena] shocking, disturbing

    me dijo cosas muy fuertes que no podría repetir ahora — she said some harsh o nasty * things that I couldn't repeat now

    -lo llamó a la oficina y lo despidió en el acto -¡qué fuerte! — * "he called him at the office and fired him there and then" - "that's outrageous o appalling!"

    7)

    hacerse fuerte — (=protegerse) to hole up; (=volverse fuerte) to gain strength

    8) [terreno] rough, difficult
    9) Chile (=apestoso) [persona] stinky

    ser o estar fuerte a algo — to stink of sth

    2. ADV
    1) (=con fuerza) [golpear] hard; [abrazar] tight, tightly

    jugar fuerte — (lit) to gamble heavily; (fig) to take a gamble

    2) (=en voz alta) [hablar, tocar] loud, loudly

    ¡más fuerte! ¡que no se le oye aquí atrás! — speak up! we can't hear at the back

    3) (=gran cantidad)
    3. SM
    1) (Mil) fort
    2) (Mús) forte
    3) (=especialidad) forte, strong point
    4) Chile (=bebida) hard liquor, hard stuff *
    * * *
    I
    1) < persona>
    a) ( físicamente) strong

    es un hombre fuertísimo or fortísimo — he's an exeptionally strong man

    b) ( moralmente) strong

    hacerse fuerte — to pull oneself together

    c) ( en asignatura) strong

    no estoy muy fuerte en ese tema/en física — I'm not very strong on that topic/in physics (colloq)

    2) ( resistente) <tela/cuerda> strong
    3)
    a) < viento> strong; < terremoto> severe; <lluvia/nevada> heavy
    b) < dolor> intense, bad; < resfriado> bad

    un fuerte golpe — a heavy o hard blow

    c) <abrazo/beso> big
    4) < ruido> loud
    5)
    a) <olor/sabor> strong
    b) <licor/medicina> strong
    c) < comida> heavy
    6) < acento> strong, thick
    7) ( violento) < discusión> violent, heated

    me dijo que era un inútil - qué fuerte! — (fam) he said I was useless - that's a bit much (AmE) o (BrE) a bit over the top!

    8)
    a) ( poderoso) <nación/empresa/equipo> strong
    b) < moneda> strong
    9) (Ling) < vocal> stressed
    II
    1) <golpear/empujar> hard; <agarrar/apretar> tightly; < llover> heavily
    2) < hablar> loudly
    3) ( mucho)
    4) <jugar/apostar> heavily
    III
    1) (Mil) fort
    2) ( especialidad) strong point, forte
    * * *
    I
    1) < persona>
    a) ( físicamente) strong

    es un hombre fuertísimo or fortísimo — he's an exeptionally strong man

    b) ( moralmente) strong

    hacerse fuerte — to pull oneself together

    c) ( en asignatura) strong

    no estoy muy fuerte en ese tema/en física — I'm not very strong on that topic/in physics (colloq)

    2) ( resistente) <tela/cuerda> strong
    3)
    a) < viento> strong; < terremoto> severe; <lluvia/nevada> heavy
    b) < dolor> intense, bad; < resfriado> bad

    un fuerte golpe — a heavy o hard blow

    c) <abrazo/beso> big
    4) < ruido> loud
    5)
    a) <olor/sabor> strong
    b) <licor/medicina> strong
    c) < comida> heavy
    6) < acento> strong, thick
    7) ( violento) < discusión> violent, heated

    me dijo que era un inútil - qué fuerte! — (fam) he said I was useless - that's a bit much (AmE) o (BrE) a bit over the top!

    8)
    a) ( poderoso) <nación/empresa/equipo> strong
    b) < moneda> strong
    9) (Ling) < vocal> stressed
    II
    1) <golpear/empujar> hard; <agarrar/apretar> tightly; < llover> heavily
    2) < hablar> loudly
    3) ( mucho)
    4) <jugar/apostar> heavily
    III
    1) (Mil) fort
    2) ( especialidad) strong point, forte
    * * *
    fuerte1

    Ex: Had he consulted an Indian history, he would have found, for instance, that what the Britannica called the Fort Phil Kearney massacre the Indians call the 'Battle of the Hundred Slain'.

    * defender el fuerte = hold + the fortress.

    fuerte2
    2 = robust, strong [stronger -comp., strongest -sup.], sturdy [sturdier -comp., sturdiest -sup.], loud [louder -comp., loudest -sup.], hefty [heftier -comp., heftiest -sup.], tight [tighter -comp., tightest -sup.], forte, brawny [brawnier -comp., brawniest -sup.], buoyant, hard-wearing, strong point, nippy [nippier -comp., nippiest -sup.].

    Ex: Although microcomputers are relatively robust, they do not take kindly to frequent moves from one location to another, particularly on wheeled trollies.

    Ex: In fact, the 1979 index figures show a strong contrast between the hardback and paperback turnovers, with the hardback market being down and the paperback market up.
    Ex: Here came every sort of human ingredient -- sturdy homesteaders, skilled craftsmen, precious scoundrels.
    Ex: Visitors would be surprised by the loud creaking and groaning of the presses as the timbers gave and rubbed against each other.
    Ex: This new font had increased contrast and x-height in the lower case and a hefty set of capitals = Este nuevo tipo de letra había aumentado el contraste y el ojo medio de las minúsculas y las mayúsculas eran voluminosas.
    Ex: The platen was lashed up tight to the toe of the spindle by cords which connected hooks at its four corners to another set of hooks at the four lower corners of the hose.
    Ex: Statistical analysis has long been a forte of sociological & social research.
    Ex: This revolutionary syndicalist union consistently supported the most downtrodden & oppressed, & encouraged a cult of the unspoiled, heroic brawny proletarian with raw courage & 'natural' virtues.
    Ex: The foreign relations of the Community will probably remain a buoyant area.
    Ex: The manufacturers of this type of artificial turf say that while the grass is soft and springy underfoot it is extremely tough and hard-wearing.
    Ex: One of the strong points of the DIALOG service is the documentation.
    Ex: Blend cream cheese with prepared horseradish for a nippy taste.
    * amarillo fuerte = bright yellow.
    * andar pisando fuerte = go from + strength to strength, make + a big impact.
    * apretar fuerte = bear down on.
    * bebida alcohólica fuerte = hard drink, hard liquor.
    * caja fuerte = safe, safety deposit box.
    * combinación de la caja fuerte = safe code, safe combination.
    * con fuertes aspiraciones profesionales = upward-mobile.
    * dar fuerte = pack + a wallop.
    * delgado y fuerte = wiry.
    * demasiado fuerte = over-strong.
    * de olor fuerte = strong-smelling.
    * fuerte como un roble = as strong as an ox.
    * fuerte como un toro = as strong as an ox.
    * fuertes lluvias = heavy rain.
    * fuerte viento = strong wind.
    * golpear fuerte = wallop, whack.
    * golpe fuerte = whack.
    * hacer más fuerte = toughen.
    * hacerse más fuerte = gain in + strength, grow in + strength.
    * iluminación fuerte = task lighting.
    * ley del más fuerte, la = law of the jungle, the, survival of the fittest, survival of the strongest.
    * mar fuerte = heavy sea.
    * más fuerte que un roble = as strong as an ox.
    * más fuerte que un toro = as strong as an ox.
    * naranja fuerte = bright orange.
    * olor fuerte y penetrante = tang.
    * pegar fuerte = pack + a wallop.
    * pisar fuerte = go from + strength to strength, make + a big impact, stomp.
    * plato fuerte = main dish, strong point, entrée, main entrée.
    * poner más fuerte = crank up.
    * punto fuerte = strength.
    * sabor fuerte y penetrante = tang.
    * supervivencia del más fuerte = survival of the fittest, survival of the strongest.
    * tener una personalidad muy fuerte = be full of character.
    * tener un carácter muy fuerte = be full of character.
    * un fuerte sentimiento de = a strong sense of.
    * viento fuerte = high wind.

    fuerte3
    3 = tangy [tangier - comp., tangiest -sup.].

    Ex: The most boring meal can be pepped up with spicy and tangy herbs.

    * * *
    A ‹persona›
    nunca ha sido muy fuerte he has never been very strong
    es un hombre fuertísimo or fortísimo he's an exceptionally strong man
    2 (moralmente) strong
    hacerse fuerte to pull oneself together
    no estoy muy fuerte en ese tema I'm not very strong on o well up on that topic ( colloq)
    anda muy fuerte en física he's doing very well in physics
    B (resistente) ‹tela/cuerda› strong
    una caja bien fuerte a good, sturdy o strong box
    una valla alta y fuerte a tall, sturdy o strong fence
    C
    1 ‹viento› strong; ‹terremoto› severe; ‹lluvia/nevada› heavy
    2 ‹dolor› intense, bad; ‹resfriado› bad
    un fuerte golpe a heavy o hard blow
    3 ‹abrazo/beso› big
    D ‹ruido› loud
    la radio está muy fuerte, bájale el volumen the radio's too loud, turn it down
    E
    1 ‹olor/sabor› strong
    2 ‹licor› strong; ‹medicina› strong
    3 ‹comida› heavy
    F ‹acento› strong, thick
    G
    (violento): tiene escenas muy fuertes it has some very shocking o disturbing scenes
    me dijo que no valía para nada — ¡qué fuerte! ( fam); he said I was absolutely useless — strong o harsh words!
    tuvieron una discusión fortísima or fuertísima they had a violent o heated argument
    H
    1 (poderoso) ‹nación/empresa/equipo› strong
    es algo más fuerte que yo, no puedo dejar de hacerlo it's stronger than I am, I can't stop o give it up
    2 ‹moneda› strong
    3
    (importante): una fuerte suma de dinero a large sum of money
    un fuerte contingente de la policía a strong police contingent
    un fuerte incremento de precio a sharp price increase
    le recetó una fuerte dosis de analgésicos she prescribed a heavy dose of painkillers
    I ( Ling) ‹vocal› stressed
    J
    ( Chi fam) (hediondo): ¡qué fuerte andas! you stink! ( colloq)
    es fuerte de patas his feet stink ( colloq)
    A ‹golpear/empujar› hard; ‹agarrar/apretar› tightly; ‹llover› heavily
    una canción que está pegando fuerte a song that's a big hit at the moment
    B ‹hablar› loudly
    pon la radio más fuerte turn the radio up
    C
    (abundantemente): desayunar fuerte to have a big breakfast
    D ‹jugar/apostar› heavily
    A ( Mil) fort
    B (especialidad) strong point, forte
    C ( Chi fam) (licor) hard stuff ( colloq)
    * * *

     

    fuerte adjetivo
    1 ( en general) strong;
    ◊ un equipo/una cuerda fuerte a strong team/rope

    2
    a) ‹ viento› strong;

    ‹ terremoto› severe;
    ‹lluvia/nevada› heavy
    b) ‹ dolor› intense, bad;

    ‹ golpe› heavy;
    ‹ resfriado› bad;
    ‹abrazo/beso› big
    c) ‹ruido/música› loud

    d) ‹olor/sabor/medicina› strong;

    ‹comida/dosis› heavy
    e) ‹ acento› strong, thick

    3 ( violento) ‹ discusión› violent, heated;
    ‹película/escena› shocking
    ■ adverbio
    1 ‹golpear/empujar› hard;
    ‹agarrar/apretar› tightly;
    ‹ llover› heavily
    2 ‹ hablar› loudly;

    habla más fuerte speak up
    ■ sustantivo masculino
    a) (Mil) fort


    fuerte
    I adjetivo
    1 strong
    2 (intenso) (dolor) severe
    (color) intense
    3 (excesivo) strong
    (comida) heavy: el café es muy fuerte para la niña, coffee is too strong for the child
    4 (volumen) loud
    5 (impactante) (escenas) violent, grisly
    (comentarios) serious
    II sustantivo masculino
    1 (fortificación) fort
    2 (punto fuerte) forte, strong point
    III adv (con fuerza, con violencia) hard: el viento sopla fuerte, the wind is blowing hard
    (con intensidad, apretadamente) tight: ¡agárrate fuerte!, hold on tight!
    (en cantidad) tienes que desayunar fuerte, you have to have a good breakfast
    (más alto) louder: ¡habla más fuerte!, speak up!
    ' fuerte' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    A
    - acento
    - agarrarse
    - animal
    - caja
    - campeonato
    - conmoción
    - débil
    - diezmar
    - dirigir
    - espanto
    - estirón
    - férrea
    - férreo
    - frágil
    - fulminante
    - grande
    - hacer
    - opresión
    - pisar
    - plato
    - relumbrón
    - resistente
    - reventar
    - sacudida
    - suave
    - sujetar
    - tirón
    - torta
    - tortazo
    - trompazo
    - viento
    - abrazar
    - agarrar
    - apariencia
    - bajón
    - caer
    - carácter
    - codazo
    - combinación
    - comida
    - constitución
    - crecida
    - dispositivo
    - estridente
    - fortín
    - golpe
    - impulso
    - indignación
    - indignado
    English:
    A
    - agony
    - ale
    - aloud
    - backbone
    - bad
    - balance
    - bang
    - bash
    - beat down
    - best
    - blare
    - bond
    - boo
    - break into
    - burly
    - crack
    - dish
    - fluid
    - forte
    - fresh
    - fuck
    - great
    - grip
    - hard
    - hard currency
    - heady
    - heavy
    - high
    - highlight
    - hold
    - hold on
    - hug
    - iron
    - keen
    - liaison
    - loud
    - lung
    - must
    - point
    - potent
    - powerful
    - press
    - resilient
    - robust
    - rugged
    - safe
    - sing up
    - slight
    - slog
    * * *
    ♦ adj
    1. [persona] [físicamente] strong;
    estar fuerte como un roble to be as strong as an ox
    2. [persona] [psicológicamente] strong;
    tiene un carácter muy fuerte she has a strong character
    3.
    hacerse fuerte en Mil to make one's stronghold in;
    Fig
    el equipo se hizo fuerte en su área the team fell back into their own half
    4. [material] strong;
    necesito un tejido fuerte I need a strong material
    5. [viento] strong;
    [lluvia] heavy
    6. [intenso] [frío, dolor, color] intense;
    [golpe, pelea] hard
    7. [medicamento] powerful
    8. [influyente, sólido] strong;
    es una empresa fuerte en el sector the company's strong in this sector;
    una moneda fuerte a strong currency;
    fuertes razones powerful reasons
    9. [violento, impactante] powerful, shocking;
    lenguaje fuerte strong language;
    un chiste fuerte a crude joke;
    algunas de las escenas son muy fuertes some of the scenes are very shocking
    10. [grande] large, considerable;
    una fuerte cantidad de dinero a large o considerable amount of money;
    una fuerte presencia de artistas caribeños a large contingent of Caribbean artists
    11. [comida] [pesado] heavy;
    [picante] hot
    12. [nudo] tight
    13. [sílaba] accented, stressed
    14. [vocal] strong
    15. [versado]
    estoy fuerte en idiomas I'm good at languages
    16. [alto] [sonido] loud;
    la televisión está demasiado fuerte the television is on too loud
    17. Fam [increíble] astonishing, amazing;
    ¡qué fuerte! [fabuloso] wow!, amazing!;
    [terrible] how awful!, oh no!;
    …y después me insultó – ¡qué fuerte! …and then he insulted me – that's awful o terrible!
    ♦ adv
    1. [intensamente] hard;
    [abrazar, agarrar] tight;
    está nevando fuerte it's snowing hard o heavily;
    lo ató bien fuerte she tied it tight;
    chuta fuerte he has a powerful kick
    2. [abundantemente] a lot;
    en España se suele almorzar fuerte in Spain, people usually have a big meal at lunchtime
    3. [en voz alta] loudly;
    ¿podría hablar más fuerte? could you speak louder?
    ♦ nm
    1. [fortificación] fort
    2. [especialidad] strong point, forte;
    su fuerte son las matemáticas mathematics is his forte
    * * *
    I adj
    1 strong
    2 dolor intense; lluvia heavy
    3 aumento sharp
    4 ruido loud
    5
    :
    estoy fuerte en idiomas I’m good at languages
    incredible fam ;
    ¡qué fuerte!, ¡esto es muy fuerte! fam God, this is awful! fam
    II adv hard;
    hablar fuerte speak loudly;
    jugar fuerte bet heavily
    III m MIL fort;
    hacerse fuerte dig o.s. in
    * * *
    fuerte adv
    1) : strongly, tightly, hard
    2) : loudly
    3) : abundantly
    fuerte adj
    1) : strong
    2) : intense
    un fuerte dolor: an intense pain
    3) : loud
    4) : extreme, excessive
    fuerte nm
    1) : fort, stronghold
    2) : forte, strong point
    * * *
    fuerte1 adj
    1. (en general) strong
    2. (dolor) severe
    3. (voz, ruido) loud
    4. (golpe) hard
    5. (comida) heavy [comp. heavier; superl. heaviest]
    6. (imágenes) violent
    ¡qué fuerte! how awful!
    fuerte2 adv
    1. (con fuerza) hard
    2. (hablar) loud / loudly
    3. (sujetar) tight
    fuerte3 n
    2. (punto sobresaliente) strong point

    Spanish-English dictionary > fuerte

  • 16 completo

    adj.
    1 complete, entire, integral, uncut.
    2 complete, total, exhaustive, out-and-out.
    3 complete, full-length, all-inclusive, all-round.
    4 complete, concluded, done, finished.
    5 square, hearty.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: completar.
    * * *
    1 (terminado) finished, completed
    2 (lleno) full
    \
    al completo full up, filled to capacity
    por completo completely
    * * *
    (f. - completa)
    adj.
    2) full
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    1) (=entero) [dieta] balanced; [colección] complete; [texto, informe] full, complete; [felicidad] complete, total; [panorama] full
    jornada 1), obra 2), b), pensión 3)
    2) (=lleno) full; [hotel] full, fully booked

    completo — [en pensión, hostal] no vacancies; [en taquilla] sold out

    al completo: el tren está al completo — the train is full

    3) (=total) [éxito, fracaso] complete, total

    por completo — [desaparecer, desconocer] completely

    su partido apoyaba por completo la iniciativa — his party fully supported the initiative, his party gave its full support to the initiative

    4) (=terminado)
    5) (=bien hecho)

    este libro es pequeño, pero bastante completo — this book is small, but quite comprehensive

    6) (=polifacético) [actor, deportista] all-round
    2.
    SM Chile hot dog ( with salad)
    * * *
    I
    - ta adjetivo
    1)
    a) ( entero) complete
    b) (total, absoluto) complete, total
    c) ( exhaustivo) < explicación> detailed; <obra/diccionario> comprehensive; <tesis/ensayo> thorough
    d) <deportista/actor> complete, very versatile
    2) ( lleno) full

    completo — ( en hostal) no vacancies; ( en taquilla) sold out

    II
    masculino (Chi) hot dog (with all the trimmings)
    * * *
    = complete, comprehensive, entire, exhaustive, full [fuller -comp., fullest -sup.], full-blown, full-bodied, full-featured, full-fledged, full-length, full-scale, full-service, thorough, total, well-rounded, end to end, supine, enriched, all-round, whole, utter, all-inclusive, fully formed, fully featured, the works!, unmitigaged, fully blown.
    Ex. The main entry is the complete catalogue record of the document.
    Ex. One of the factors to consider in the selection of a data base is whether the data base is comprehensive or not.
    Ex. Plainly such representative sections may not be present in many documents, but sometimes an extract from the results, conclusions or recommendations of a document may serve to identify the key issues covered by the entire document.
    Ex. The enumeration of isolates should be exhaustive or complete for the subject area.
    Ex. Since recall goes up as precision goes down, it is clearly not possible to achieve in general a system which gives full recall at the same time as full precision.
    Ex. Reference transactions can range from the ready-reference, or short-answer question, to the full-blown research inquiry to establish methodology.
    Ex. By adulthood the child's literary consciousness has grown into a full-bodied appreciation of the work of the great imaginative writers.
    Ex. The EPIC service is a full-featured on-line reference system that provides subject access, and keyword and Boolean searching to a variety of databases.
    Ex. Once the functional and informal network seeks to widen its influence, it becomes a full-fledged institution.
    Ex. Plays and music performances put on by staff and children require less arduous preparation than a full-length public performance.
    Ex. Obviously, staff will have to be instructed in the use of the new system, be it word processing or a full-scale circulation system.
    Ex. In other words, they want us to start from scratch and come up with a plan for a full-service center, which might then be used as a model for the other regional centers.
    Ex. Timely and thorough planning is essential.
    Ex. This situation requires a very skilled information worker if total disaster is to be avoided.
    Ex. This has produced the matriarchal system in society on the one hand, and well-rounded libraries organized under the slogan 'Libraries are for wallowing in' on the other.
    Ex. Next morning the heap, now damp right through, was set up on one end of the horse (later called the bank), a bench long enough to take two piles of paper end to end, and about as high as the coffin of the press.
    Ex. 'I was saying that we shouldn't have a supine acceptance for temporary limitations'.
    Ex. Union Catalogues may also decide that they need more enriched records because of specific needs.
    Ex. The finest and most influential of these French italics were the work of Robert Granjon, an artist of the stature of his countryman and near-contemporary Garamont and one of the greatest all-round type designers of any period.
    Ex. One of them will take instructions and data from a whole roomful of girls armed with simple keyboard punches.
    Ex. There is little to be said for this grudging acceptance or utter rejection of pseudonyms.
    Ex. It is not an all-inclusive listing of materials on this topic.
    Ex. The film's supple structure, surprisingly light touch, and bravura performances make it perhaps the most fully formed, half-hearted goof ever.
    Ex. The technology has matured sufficiently that it's now cheap and relatively easy to set up a fully featured repository in quite a short time.
    Ex. Whole cities laid to waste, heroes falling in battle, death of gods, the works!.
    Ex. Only Bush could take a horrible situation and create an unmitigated disaster.
    Ex. This time it's a hairline fracture rather than a fully blown break of a metatarsal, however the result is the same.
    ----
    * alojamiento en régimen de pensión completa = full-board accommodation.
    * a tiempo completo = full-time.
    * base de datos completa = full-provision database.
    * base de datos de texto completo = full text database.
    * catalogación completa = full cataloguing.
    * catálogo de obras completas = back catalogue.
    * curso a tiempo completo = full-time course.
    * de forma completa = in full.
    * de página completa = full-page.
    * de pantalla completa = full-screen.
    * detenerse por completo = come to + a standstill, be at a standstill.
    * dominar por completo = sweep + the board.
    * edición completa = full edition.
    * el + Nombre + más completo = the + Nombre + to end all + Nombre.
    * estar al completo = overbook.
    * fuego + destruir por completo = fire + gut.
    * información de texto completo = full-text information.
    * letra cuya impresión en papel no está completa = broken letter.
    * nombre completo = full name.
    * obras completas = collected works.
    * pagar por completo = pay off.
    * pantalla de información completa = full information display, full information screen.
    * pararse por completo = come to + a standstill, be at a standstill.
    * pensión completa = food and board, bed and board, full board, full-board accommodation.
    * por completo = fully.
    * ser completo = be all inclusive.
    * texto completo = full text.
    * * *
    I
    - ta adjetivo
    1)
    a) ( entero) complete
    b) (total, absoluto) complete, total
    c) ( exhaustivo) < explicación> detailed; <obra/diccionario> comprehensive; <tesis/ensayo> thorough
    d) <deportista/actor> complete, very versatile
    2) ( lleno) full

    completo — ( en hostal) no vacancies; ( en taquilla) sold out

    II
    masculino (Chi) hot dog (with all the trimmings)
    * * *
    = complete, comprehensive, entire, exhaustive, full [fuller -comp., fullest -sup.], full-blown, full-bodied, full-featured, full-fledged, full-length, full-scale, full-service, thorough, total, well-rounded, end to end, supine, enriched, all-round, whole, utter, all-inclusive, fully formed, fully featured, the works!, unmitigaged, fully blown.

    Ex: The main entry is the complete catalogue record of the document.

    Ex: One of the factors to consider in the selection of a data base is whether the data base is comprehensive or not.
    Ex: Plainly such representative sections may not be present in many documents, but sometimes an extract from the results, conclusions or recommendations of a document may serve to identify the key issues covered by the entire document.
    Ex: The enumeration of isolates should be exhaustive or complete for the subject area.
    Ex: Since recall goes up as precision goes down, it is clearly not possible to achieve in general a system which gives full recall at the same time as full precision.
    Ex: Reference transactions can range from the ready-reference, or short-answer question, to the full-blown research inquiry to establish methodology.
    Ex: By adulthood the child's literary consciousness has grown into a full-bodied appreciation of the work of the great imaginative writers.
    Ex: The EPIC service is a full-featured on-line reference system that provides subject access, and keyword and Boolean searching to a variety of databases.
    Ex: Once the functional and informal network seeks to widen its influence, it becomes a full-fledged institution.
    Ex: Plays and music performances put on by staff and children require less arduous preparation than a full-length public performance.
    Ex: Obviously, staff will have to be instructed in the use of the new system, be it word processing or a full-scale circulation system.
    Ex: In other words, they want us to start from scratch and come up with a plan for a full-service center, which might then be used as a model for the other regional centers.
    Ex: Timely and thorough planning is essential.
    Ex: This situation requires a very skilled information worker if total disaster is to be avoided.
    Ex: This has produced the matriarchal system in society on the one hand, and well-rounded libraries organized under the slogan 'Libraries are for wallowing in' on the other.
    Ex: Next morning the heap, now damp right through, was set up on one end of the horse (later called the bank), a bench long enough to take two piles of paper end to end, and about as high as the coffin of the press.
    Ex: 'I was saying that we shouldn't have a supine acceptance for temporary limitations'.
    Ex: Union Catalogues may also decide that they need more enriched records because of specific needs.
    Ex: The finest and most influential of these French italics were the work of Robert Granjon, an artist of the stature of his countryman and near-contemporary Garamont and one of the greatest all-round type designers of any period.
    Ex: One of them will take instructions and data from a whole roomful of girls armed with simple keyboard punches.
    Ex: There is little to be said for this grudging acceptance or utter rejection of pseudonyms.
    Ex: It is not an all-inclusive listing of materials on this topic.
    Ex: The film's supple structure, surprisingly light touch, and bravura performances make it perhaps the most fully formed, half-hearted goof ever.
    Ex: The technology has matured sufficiently that it's now cheap and relatively easy to set up a fully featured repository in quite a short time.
    Ex: Whole cities laid to waste, heroes falling in battle, death of gods, the works!.
    Ex: Only Bush could take a horrible situation and create an unmitigated disaster.
    Ex: This time it's a hairline fracture rather than a fully blown break of a metatarsal, however the result is the same.
    * alojamiento en régimen de pensión completa = full-board accommodation.
    * a tiempo completo = full-time.
    * base de datos completa = full-provision database.
    * base de datos de texto completo = full text database.
    * catalogación completa = full cataloguing.
    * catálogo de obras completas = back catalogue.
    * curso a tiempo completo = full-time course.
    * de forma completa = in full.
    * de página completa = full-page.
    * de pantalla completa = full-screen.
    * detenerse por completo = come to + a standstill, be at a standstill.
    * dominar por completo = sweep + the board.
    * edición completa = full edition.
    * el + Nombre + más completo = the + Nombre + to end all + Nombre.
    * estar al completo = overbook.
    * fuego + destruir por completo = fire + gut.
    * información de texto completo = full-text information.
    * letra cuya impresión en papel no está completa = broken letter.
    * nombre completo = full name.
    * obras completas = collected works.
    * pagar por completo = pay off.
    * pantalla de información completa = full information display, full information screen.
    * pararse por completo = come to + a standstill, be at a standstill.
    * pensión completa = food and board, bed and board, full board, full-board accommodation.
    * por completo = fully.
    * ser completo = be all inclusive.
    * texto completo = full text.

    * * *
    completo1 -ta
    A
    esta baraja no está completa this deck isn't complete, there's a card/there are some cards missing from this deck
    las obras completas de Neruda the complete works of Neruda
    la serie completa the whole series
    la gama más completa the fullest o most complete range
    2 (total, absoluto) complete, total
    no hay felicidad completa there's no such thing as complete happiness
    por completo completely
    lo olvidé por completo I completely forgot about it, I forgot all about it
    3
    (exhaustivo): una explicación muy completa a very full o detailed explanation
    uno de los diccionarios más completos one of the most comprehensive dictionaries
    un trabajo muy completo a very thorough piece of work
    4 ‹deportista/actor› complete, very versatile
    B (lleno) full
    el tren iba completo the train was full
    el hotel está completo the hotel is full o fully booked
    [ S ] completo (en un hostal) no vacancies; (en una taquilla) sold out
    ( Chi)
    * * *

     

    Del verbo completar: ( conjugate completar)

    completo es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    completó es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

    Multiple Entries:
    completar    
    completo
    completar ( conjugate completar) verbo transitivo

    b) (AmL) ‹cuestionario/impreso› to complete, fill out o in

    completo
    ◊ -ta adjetivo

    1


    b) (total, absoluto) complete, total;



    ‹obra/diccionario› comprehensive;
    ‹tesis/ensayo› thorough
    d) ‹deportista/actor› complete, very versatile

    2 ( lleno) ‹vagón/hotel› full;
    ( on signs) completo ( en hostal) no vacancies;
    ( en taquilla) sold out
    completar verbo transitivo to complete
    completo,-a adjetivo
    1 (entero, total) complete
    2 (lleno) full
    3 (versátil) versatile, complete
    4 (exhaustivo) comprehensive
    ♦ Locuciones: al completo, full up o to capacity
    por completo, completely
    ' completo' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    absoluta
    - absoluto
    - acabada
    - acabado
    - calcinar
    - completa
    - entera
    - entero
    - íntegra
    - íntegro
    - parcial
    - plena
    - pleno
    - radical
    - tiempo
    - toda
    - todo
    - alimento
    - integral
    - trabajar
    - trabajo
    English:
    book up
    - clam up
    - clean
    - collected
    - complete
    - completely
    - dedication
    - entirely
    - envelop
    - forge
    - full
    - full-time
    - groundwork
    - outright
    - slip
    - stranglehold
    - strength
    - utter
    - all
    - book
    - capacity
    - comprehensive
    - reversal
    - strict
    - uncut
    * * *
    completo, -a
    ♦ adj
    1. [entero] complete;
    nombre completo full name;
    las obras completas de un autor the complete works of an author;
    vino toda la familia al completo the entire family came
    2. [lleno] full;
    [en cartel] [hotel] no vacancies; [aparcamiento] full; [en taquilla] sold out
    el vagón está o [m5] va completo the Br carriage o US car is full;
    todos los hoteles de la ciudad están al completo all the hotels in town are full
    3. [perfecto] complete;
    un deportista muy completo an all-round athlete o Br sportsman;
    un espectáculo muy completo a very well-rounded production
    4. [rotundo] complete;
    un completo silencio complete o total silence;
    fue un completo éxito/fracaso it was a complete success/a complete o total failure;
    es un completo caballero he's an absolute o the complete gentleman;
    es un completo mentiroso he's a complete liar
    5. CSur [café, té, chocolate] = served with toast, butter, cakes and pastries
    ♦ nm
    Chile = hot dog with all the trimmings
    ♦ por completo loc adv
    completely;
    han desaparecido por completo they have completely disappeared;
    se dedica por completo a la música she devotes herself full-time to music
    * * *
    adj complete; autobús, teatro full;
    por completo completely;
    al completo whole, entire
    * * *
    completo, -ta adj
    1) : complete
    2) : perfect, absolute
    3) : full, detailed
    * * *
    1. (entero) complete
    2. (lleno) full

    Spanish-English dictionary > completo

  • 17 ordeñador

    adj.
    ordering.
    m.
    computer (computing). (peninsular Spanish)
    pasar algo a ordenador to type something up on a wordprocessor o computer
    ordenador central mainframe computer
    ordenador personal personal computer
    ordenador portátil laptop computer
    ordenador de sobremesa desktop computer
    * * *
    1 ordering
    2 RELIGIÓN ordaining
    1 INFORMÁTICA computer
    \
    ordenador personal personal computer
    ————————
    1 INFORMÁTICA computer
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *

    ordenador analógico — analogue computer, analog computer (EEUU)

    ordenador portátil — [gen] portable computer; [pequeño] laptop computer

    * * *
    * * *
    Ex. A jury has awarded $22 million to 11 dairymen who were defrauded out of profits by the cooperative that sold their milk.
    * * *
    * * *
    = computer, computer equipment.

    Ex: In dialogues based on commands, the user enters his instructions as pre-set commands; the computer recognizes theses and takes appropriate action.

    Ex: In other cases, the capacity and performance of computer equipment prove to be the limiting factor, although continuing advances in fields like data networks, voice input and output, and computer vision keep pushing these limits further and further back.
    * aceptable por el ordenador = machine-processable.
    * adquisición por ordenador = computerised acquisition.
    * animación por ordenador = computer animation.
    * aprendizaje asistido por ordenador (CAL) = computer-assisted learning (CAL).
    * aprendizaje por medio del ordenador = computer-based learning (CBL).
    * archivo de ordenador = computer file, machine-readable data file.
    * asignado por el ordenador = computer-assigned.
    * asignado por ordenador = machine-assigned.
    * asistido por el ordenador = machine-negotiated.
    * asistido por ordenador = computer-mediated, computer-supported, computer-assisted, computer-aided.
    * calculado por el ordenador = computer-calculated.
    * carrete de ordenador = computer reel.
    * cartucho de ordenador = computer cartridge.
    * casete de ordenador = computer cassette.
    * catálogo de listado de ordenador compuesto tipográficamente = typeset computer book form catalogue.
    * catálogo en forma de listado de ordenador = computer book form catalogue.
    * componer tipográficamente por ordenador = computer typeset.
    * composición tipográfica por ordenador = computer typesetting.
    * comunicación entre ordenadores = computer-communication.
    * comunicación mediante el ordenador = computer mediated communication (CMC).
    * conexión entre ordenadores = computer link.
    * conferencia por ordenador = computer conferencing.
    * congreso mediante ordenador = computer-mediated conferencing.
    * congreso por ordenador = computer conference.
    * controlado por ordenador = computer-controlled.
    * creado por ordenador = computer-generated.
    * de aplicación específica a un equipo de ordenador = hardware-based.
    * de ordenadores = computer-to-computer.
    * desplazamiento por medio del ordenador = computer commuting.
    * disco de ordenador = computer disc.
    * disco óptico de ordenador = computer optical disc.
    * diseño asistido por ordenador (CAD) = computer-aided design (CAD).
    * elaborado por ordenador = computer-produced [computer produced].
    * empresa de ordenadores = computer company.
    * emulación de terminales de ordenador = terminal emulation.
    * enseñanza asistida por ordenador = computer-aided learning (CAL).
    * enseñanza asistida por ordenador (CAI) = computer-assisted instruction (CAI).
    * enseñanza por medio del ordenador (CBI) = computer-based instruction (CBI).
    * entre ordenadores = computer-to-computer.
    * estado del ordenador en fuera de línea = offlineness.
    * estado del ordenador en línea = onlineness.
    * gestión de imágenes por ordenador = computer imaging.
    * gráficos por ordenador = computer graphics.
    * guardado en el ordenador = machine-stored.
    * hacer que sea procesable por el ordenador = render + machine-manipulatable.
    * imágenes por ordenador = computer graphics.
    * índice de listado de ordenador compuesto tipográficamente = typeset computer book form index.
    * índice encuadernado de listado de ordenador = computer book form index.
    * interacción hombre-ordenador = human-computer interaction.
    * introducir datos en el ordenador = input.
    * introductor de datos en un ordenador = inputter.
    * juego de ordenador = computer game.
    * listado de ordenador = computer print-out.
    * listado encuadernado de ordenador = computer print-out book form, computer book.
    * MARS (Servicio de Referencia Asistido por Ordenador) = MARS (Machine Assisted Reference Service).
    * mecanógrafo de ordenador = keyboard operator.
    * mediante el ordenador = computer-mediated.
    * microforma producida por ordenador = COM (computer output microform).
    * miedo al ordenador = computer anxiety.
    * modelo por ordenador = computer model.
    * monitor de ordenador = CRT screen, CRT display screen.
    * ordenación por ordenador = computer filing.
    * ordenador central = central computer, host computer.
    * ordenador compatible = generic computer.
    * ordenador de bolsillo = palm-sized computer, palmtop, palmtop computer.
    * ordenador de mano = Palm Pilot.
    * ordenador de seguridad = firewall.
    * ordenador de sobremesa = desktop computer.
    * ordenador digital = digital computer.
    * Ordenadores Apple = Apple Computer.
    * ordenadores de uso público = PAWS (Public access workstations).
    * ordenador frontal = head-end computer.
    * ordenador personal = desktop computer, home computer.
    * ordenador personal (PC) = personal computer (PC).
    * ordenador portátil = notebook computer, laptop, laptop computer.
    * ordenador trampa = honeypot.
    * orientado al ordenador = machine-oriented, computer-oriented.
    * paquete de programas de ordenador = software package.
    * para ordenadores personales = microcomputer-based, PC-based.
    * PC IBM (Ordenador personal IBM) = IBM-PC (IBM Personal Computer).
    * plataforma de ordenador = computing platform.
    * presentación mediante ordenador = computer projection.
    * prestaciones del ordenador = computer's capabilities.
    * procesable por el ordenador = machine-manipulatable.
    * producido por ordenador = computer-produced [computer produced], machine-derived.
    * programa de ordenador = computer programme.
    * proyección mediante ordenador = computer projection.
    * reconocimiento de imágenes por el ordenador = computer vision.
    * red de ordenadores = computer network.
    * reinicializar un ordenador = reboot + computer.
    * simulación por ordenador = computer simulation.
    * tarjeta de ordenador = computer card.
    * tecnología del ordenador = computer technology.
    * tecnología del ordenador personal = personal computer technology.
    * teleconferencia por ordenador = computer teleconferencing.
    * teleordenador = telecomputer.
    * terminal de ordenador = terminal, computer terminal.
    * tiempo durante el cual el ordenador no está disponible al público = down time.
    * tomografía por ordenador = computer tomography, computed tomography.
    * trabajo con ordenador = computer work.
    * traducción asistida por ordenador = computer-aided translation (CAT), computer-assisted translation (CAT).
    * unidad de archivos de ordenador múltiples = multi-file item.
    * utilizar al máximo por medio del ordenador = explode.
    * utilizar el ordenador = operate + computer.
    * volver a insertar en el ordenador = rekey [re-key].

    * * *
    ( Esp)
    computer
    Compuestos:
    central computer
    onboard computer
    palmtop
    palmtop
    ● ordenador de sobremesa or de mesa
    desktop computer
    home computer
    neural computer
    server
    personal computer
    portable computer; (más pequeño) laptop computer
    * * *

     

    Multiple Entries:
    ordenador    
    ordeñador
    ordenador sustantivo masculino (Esp) See Also→

    ordenador sustantivo masculino computer: estudia diseño asistido por ordenador, she's taking a class in computer-aided design (CAD); ordenador portátil, laptop computer

    ' ordenador' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    actualizar
    - cargarse
    - cerrar
    - colgarse
    - comprar
    - de
    - desarrollar
    - dichosa
    - dichoso
    - escribir
    - espaciador
    - ficha
    - garantía
    - inexperta
    - inexperto
    - manual
    - marchar
    - portátil
    - risa
    - sobremesa
    - teclado
    - teclear
    - terminar
    - uso
    - velocidad
    English:
    afford
    - CAD
    - computer
    - computer language
    - computer-assisted
    - data processor
    - delete
    - desktop
    - dinosaur
    - down
    - exclusively
    - function
    - good
    - innards
    - instruction
    - keep
    - key
    - laptop
    - longhand
    - notebook
    - pc
    - personal computer
    - printout
    - retrofit
    - upgrade
    - compatible
    - main
    - personal
    * * *
    Esp computer;
    pasar algo a ordenador to key sth up (on a computer)
    ordenador analógico analogue computer;
    ordenador de a bordo onboard computer;
    ordenador central central computer;
    ordenador compatible compatible computer;
    ordenador digital digital computer;
    ordenador doméstico home computer;
    ordenador personal personal computer;
    ordenador portátil laptop computer;
    ordenador de sobremesa desktop computer
    * * *
    m Esp
    INFOR computer;
    asistido por ordenador computer-aided
    * * *
    ordenador nm, Spain : computer
    * * *
    ordenador n computer

    Spanish-English dictionary > ordeñador

  • 18 carácter

    m.
    1 character, temperament, personality, temper.
    2 trait, strain.
    3 symbol, character, typeface.
    4 character, fiber, guts, moral strength.
    5 aspect, character, guise, type.
    6 character, persona, fiction character.
    * * *
    1 (personalidad) character
    2 (condición) nature, kind
    3 (imprenta) letter
    \
    tener buen carácter to be good-natured
    tener mal carácter to be bad-tempered
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    SM
    (pl caracteres)
    1) [de persona] character

    no tiene carácter — he lacks character, he's a weak character

    • tener el carácter abierto — to be open, have an open nature

    • tener buen carácter — to be good-natured

    • persona de carácter — person of o with character

    • de carácter duro — hard-natured

    • imprimir carácter — to be character-building, build up character

    pasé un año en el ejército y eso imprime carácter — I spent a year in the army, and that builds up character

    • tener mal carácter — to be ill-tempered

    • tener el carácter reservado — to be of a quiet o reserved disposition

    2) [de edificio, estilo] character
    3) (=índole) nature

    una visita con carácter oficial/privado — an official/private visit

    4) (Bio) trait, characteristic

    carácter dominante — dominant trait, dominant characteristic

    5) (Tip) character
    6) (Inform) character
    7) LAm (Literat, Teat) character
    * * *
    1)
    a) (modo de ser, genio) character
    b) ( firmeza) character

    tiene mucho/poco carácter — she has a lot of/doesn't have much personality

    c) (originalidad, estilo) character
    2)
    a) (índole, naturaleza) nature

    una visita de carácter oficial/privado — a visit of an official/a private nature

    heridas de carácter leve — (period) minor wounds

    b) (Biol) characteristic
    3) (Col, Méx) ( personaje) character
    4) (Impr, Inf) character

    escrito en caracteres cirílicos/góticos — written in the Cyrillic alphabet/Gothic script

    •
    * * *
    1)
    a) (modo de ser, genio) character
    b) ( firmeza) character

    tiene mucho/poco carácter — she has a lot of/doesn't have much personality

    c) (originalidad, estilo) character
    2)
    a) (índole, naturaleza) nature

    una visita de carácter oficial/privado — a visit of an official/a private nature

    heridas de carácter leve — (period) minor wounds

    b) (Biol) characteristic
    3) (Col, Méx) ( personaje) character
    4) (Impr, Inf) character

    escrito en caracteres cirílicos/góticos — written in the Cyrillic alphabet/Gothic script

    •
    * * *
    carácter1
    1 = status, complexion, temper, strength of character, temperament.

    Ex: AACR2 assigns this main entry status to the person who is chiefly responsible for the creation of the intellectual or artistic content of a work.

    Ex: These documents contain the Commission's sentiments on how policy should be evolved in particular sectors and what complexion it should take = Estos documentos contienen el sentir de la Comisión de cómo debería desarrollarse la política en sectores concretos y qué cariz debería tomar.
    Ex: A society without a literature has that much less chance of embodying within its temper and so within its organizations something of the fullness of human experience.
    Ex: These people usually do not realize that it often takes greater strength of character and heroic self-discipline to refrain from changing feet every time one opens one's mouth.
    Ex: The temperaments of the two founders were such that lasting success was unlikely.
    * buen carácter = good humour.
    * carácter aleatorio = randomness.
    * carácter conclusivo = finality, conclusiveness.
    * carácter consultivo = consultative status.
    * carácter contrariante = contrary nature.
    * carácter definitivo = finality, conclusiveness.
    * carácter de urgencia = sense of urgency.
    * carácter fortuito = randomness.
    * carácter fuerte = strong-mindedness.
    * carácter irlandés = Irishness.
    * carácter judío = Jewishness.
    * carácter moral = moral character.
    * carácter reciente = recentness.
    * carácter sagrado = sacredness.
    * de carácter = in character.
    * de carácter público = state-owned, government-owned, state-run, government-run, publicly owned [publicly-owned], publicly supported, publicly held.
    * de mal carácter = ill-natured.
    * desarrollar el carácter de Uno = build + Posesivo + character.
    * que demuestra desequilibrio de carácter = off-balance.
    * sin carácter = boneless, spineless.
    * tener mucho carácter = be full of character.
    * tener un carácter muy fuerte = be full of character.

    carácter2
    2 = character, script, sorts, sort.
    Nota: En tipografía, cada uno de los elementos (letras, símbolos, espacios, acentos, etc.) que componían una tipo de letra.

    Ex: A fixed length field is a field which has the same length, that is, contains the same number of characters in each record.

    Ex: Schoolchildren, students, and other whose native language is written in a non-Roman script may find alphabetical order according to Roman characters an almost insurmountable hurdle in the use of catalogues and indexes.
    Ex: Italic founts, which lacked small capitals, generally had about the same total number of sorts as roman because of the addition of extra ligatures and decorated (or 'swash') capitals.
    Ex: Italic founts, which lacked small capitals, generally had about the same total number of sorts as roman.
    * búsqueda de secuencias de caracteres = string search, string searching.
    * búsqueda por secuencia de caracteres = character-string search.
    * búsquedas de secuencias de caracteres = text-string searching.
    * cadena de caracteres = character string.
    * carácter de control = control character.
    * carácter de imprenta = block capital, block letter.
    * carácter de líneas gruesas = fat face [fat-face].
    * carácter de separación = delimiter, separating character.
    * caracteres alfabéticos = alphabetic characters.
    * caracteres modernos = modern face.
    * carácter tipográfico = type.
    * codificación de caracteres = character encoding.
    * de acuerdo con la búsqueda de cadenas de caracteres = on a string search basis.
    * juego de caracteres = character set.
    * lector óptico de caracteres = optical character reader.
    * OCR (reconocimiento óptico de caracteres) = OCR (optical character recognition).
    * reconocimiento de caracteres = character recognition.
    * secuencia de caracteres = text string.
    * serie determinada de caracteres = character string.

    * * *
    (pl - racteres)
    A
    1 (modo de ser) character
    el carácter latino the Latin character o temperament
    una persona de buen carácter a good-natured person
    tiene un carácter muy abierto he has a very open nature
    es muy débil de carácter he is a very weak character
    2 (firmeza, genio) character
    tiene mucho/poco carácter she has a lot of/doesn't have much personality
    3 (originalidad, estilo) character
    una casa antigua con mucho carácter an old house with a lot of character
    B
    1 (índole, naturaleza) nature
    una visita de carácter oficial/privado a visit of an official/a private nature, an official/private visit
    el carácter superficial del estudio the superficial nature o the superficiality of the survey
    con carácter gratuito free of charge
    le daba un carácter especial al cuadro it lent the painting a special quality
    con carácter devolutivo (Col, Ven fam hum): te lo presto, pero con carácter devolutivo I'll let you have it, but it's strictly on loan
    2 ( Biol) characteristic
    Compuestos:
    acquired characteristic
    dominant characteristic
    inherited characeristic o feature
    recessive characteristic
    C (Col, Méx) (personaje) character
    D ( Impr, Inf) character
    escríbalo en caracteres de imprenta write it in block letters o print it
    escrito en caracteres cirílicos/góticos written in the Cyrillic alphabet/in Gothic script
    Compuestos:
    alphanumeric character
    wildcard character
    prompt
    * * *

     

    carácter sustantivo masculino (pl
    ◊ - racteres)



    el restaurante tiene mucho carácter the restaurant has lots of character;
    une persona de carácter fuerte a person of strong character;
    una persona de buen carácter a good-natured person;
    un carácter abierto an open nature;
    tener mal carácter to have a (bad) temper
    b) (índole, naturaleza) nature;


    heridas de carácter leve (period) minor wounds
    c) (Biol) characteristic

    d) (Col, Méx) ( personaje) character

    carácter sustantivo masculino
    1 (genio, nervio) character: es una persona de mucho carácter, he is a person with a strong character
    2 (modo de ser) tiene un carácter muy dulce, she's a very sweet person
    tener buen/mal carácter, to be good-natured/bad-tempered
    3 (condición, naturaleza) nature: es una medida de carácter transitorio, it's a temporary measure
    4 Impr character
    ' carácter' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abismo
    - accesible
    - acto
    - agriar
    - amorfa
    - amorfo
    - arrollador
    - arrolladora
    - áspera
    - áspero
    - blanda
    - blando
    - cambiante
    - cardo
    - de
    - débil
    - debilidad
    - dramatizar
    - empañarse
    - endurecer
    - fortaleza
    - genio
    - humildad
    - humilde
    - imposible
    - índole
    - moldear
    - nervio
    - ni
    - prudente
    - radical
    - rasgo
    - rebelde
    - revestir
    - severa
    - severidad
    - severo
    - sombra
    - sosegada
    - sosegado
    - suavizar
    - suavidad
    - suavizarse
    - talante
    - teatralidad
    - temperamento
    - tinte
    - tipismo
    - trato
    - variable
    English:
    character
    - close
    - colour
    - deviousness
    - disposition
    - elusiveness
    - good-natured
    - make-up
    - mold
    - mould
    - nature
    - nice
    - rugged
    - self-assertion
    - self-assertive
    - self-assertiveness
    - serious
    - sliminess
    - solid
    - spineless
    - spirit
    - technical hitch
    - temper
    - temperamentally
    - tough-minded
    - type
    - versatility
    - weak
    - weakness
    - wimpish
    - forceful
    - intimate
    - make
    - mellow
    * * *
    1. [personalidad, modo de ser] character;
    tener buen carácter to be good-natured;
    tener mal carácter to be bad-tempered
    2. [genio] character, personality;
    una mujer de carácter a woman of character;
    tener mucho carácter to have a strong personality;
    tener poco carácter not to have much personality
    3. [índole, naturaleza] character;
    una reunión de carácter privado/oficial a private/an official meeting;
    el carácter accidentado del terreno the ruggedness of the terrain;
    solicitaron ayuda con carácter de urgencia they requested urgent assistance
    4. [de imprenta] character;
    escriba en caracteres de imprenta [en impreso] please print
    caracteres alfanuméricos alphanumeric characters
    5. Biol carácter adquirido acquired characteristic;
    carácter dominante dominant character;
    carácter heredado inherited characteristic;
    carácter ligado al sexo sex-linked characteristic;
    carácter recesivo recessive characteristic
    * * *
    m
    1 character
    2 INFOR,TIP character;
    caracteres de imprenta block letters
    3 ( naturaleza) nature
    * * *
    1) índole: character, kind, nature
    2) temperamento: disposition, temperament
    3) : letter, symbol
    caracteres chinos: Chinese characters
    * * *
    1. (en general) character
    2. (índole) nature

    Spanish-English dictionary > carácter

  • 19 adminiculum

    admĭnĭcŭlum, i, n. [ad-manus], prop., that on which the hand may rest, then in gen., a prop, stay, support.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Orig. in the language of vine-dressers, the stake or pole to which the vine clings, and by which it is supported:

    vites claviculis adminicula, tamquam manibus apprehendunt, atque ita se erigunt, ut animantes,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 47:

    adminiculorum ordines, capitum jugatio,

    id. Sen. 15; so Plin. 17, 24, 36, § 215; cf. Drak. Liv. 6, 1, 4.— Hence,
    B.
    In gen., of any prop, stay, or support, assistance: adminicula hominum, i. e. oxen, implements of agriculture, etc., Varr. R. R. 1, 17; Liv. 21, 36:

    motam (Junonem) sede sua parvi molimenti adminiculis,

    id. 5, 22:

    adminicula gubernandi addidit Tiphys,

    means of steering, the rudder, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 209; cf. id. 11, 37, 61, § 162. —
    II.
    Trop., support, aid, auxiliary, assistant (class.):

    ad legionem cum itant, adminiculum eis danunt aliquem cognatum,

    an assistant, Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 48:

    hanc igitur partem relictam explebimus, nullis adminiculis, sed, ut dicitur, Marte nostro,

    Cic. Off. 3, 7:

    natura solitarium nihil amat, semperque ad aliquod tamquam adminiculum adnititur,

    id. Lael. 23 fin.:

    quo primo adminiculo erecta erat (urbs), eodem innisa M. Furio principe stetit,

    Liv. 6, 1:

    id senectuti suae adminiculum fore,

    id. 10, 22:

    egere adminiculis, ut in commune consulat,

    Tac. A. 12, 5; so,

    in militia aut via fessus adminiculum oro,

    id. ib. 14, 54:

    nullius externi indigens adminiculi,

    Amm. 24, 8; 21, 12; 14, 6:

    Quibus debetis esse adminiculo,

    Vulg. Esth. 16, 20.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adminiculum

  • 20 presentation

    Gen Mgt
    an event at which preplanned material is shown to an audience for a specific purpose. Although a presentation is a verbal form of communication, it is often supported by other media, such as computer software, slides, printed handouts, and so on and to be successful, appropriate body language and good interpersonal communication skills are required. A presentation is normally intended to either introduce something new to the audience, to persuade them of a viewpoint, or to inform them of something. Sales representatives use presentations when introducing a product to a potential customer. Presentations are also used in team briefing and other business contexts.

    The ultimate business dictionary > presentation

Страницы
  • 1
  • 2

См. также в других словарях:

  • Language secessionism — or linguistic secessionism is an attitude consisting in separating a language variety from the language to which it normally belongs, in order to make this variety considered as a distinct language. This phenomenon was first analyzed by Catalan… …   Wikipedia

  • Language localisation — [The spelling localisation , a variant of localization , is the preferred spelling in the UK and other Commonwealth countries.] is the process of translating a product into different languages (see language translation) or adapting a language for …   Wikipedia

  • Language module — refers to a hypothesized structure in the human brain (anatomical module) or cognitive system (functional module) that some psycholinguists (e.g., Steven Pinker) claim contains innate capacities for language. According to Jerry Fodor the sine qua …   Wikipedia

  • Language politics in Spain under Franco — Language politics in Francoist Spain centered on attempts in Spain under Franco to increase the dominance of the Spanish language over the other languages of Spain.The regime of Francisco Franco had Spanish nationalism as one of its bases. Under… …   Wikipedia

  • Language Movement Day — or Language Revolution Day (ভাষা আন্দোলন দিবস Bhasha Andolon Dibosh ), which is also referred to as Language Martyrs Day or Martyrs Day (শহীদ দিবস Shohid Dibosh ), is a national day of Bangladesh to commemorate protests and sacrifices to protect… …   Wikipedia

  • Language Integrated Query — LINQ redirects here. For the card game, see Linq (card game). Language Integrated Query Influenced by SQL, Haskell Language Integrated Query (LINQ, pronounced link ) is a Microsoft .NET Framework component that adds native data querying… …   Wikipedia

  • Language of thought — Jerry A. Fodor s Language of Thought (LOT) hypothesis states that cognition and cognitive processes are only remotely plausible when expressed as computational in terms of representational systems. He uses empirical data drawn from linguistics… …   Wikipedia

  • Language policy in France — France has one official language, the French language. The French government does not regulate the choice of language in publications by individuals but the use of French is required by law in commercial and workplace communications. In 2006 a… …   Wikipedia

  • Language Report — The Language Report (or, strictly, the language report ) was an account of the state and use of the English language published by the Oxford University Press (OUP) in 2003. It was compiled by lexicographer Susie Dent, best known for her regular… …   Wikipedia

  • Language of thought hypothesis — In philosophy of mind, the language of thought hypothesis (LOTH) put forward by American philosopher Jerry Fodor describes thoughts as represented in a language (sometimes known as mentalese) that allows complex thoughts to be built up by… …   Wikipedia

  • Language Freedom Movement — Founded in 1966, the Language Freedom Movement was an organization dedicated to the opposition of the state sponsored Gaelic Revival of the Irish language in the Republic of Ireland with backing by such notable figures as Irish speaking writers… …   Wikipedia

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»