support

    argūmentum ī, n    [arguo], an argument, evidence, ground, support, proof: Sthenium sine argumento damnare: ad huius innocentiam: fabella sine argumento, unsupported story: argumento sit clades, L.: libertatis, Ta.: argumenti sumebant loco, non posse, etc., accepted as a proof, Cs. — A sign, mark, token, evidence: argumenta atque indicia sceleris: animi laeti argumenta, indications, O.: non sine argumento male dicere, i. e. plausible ground. — Of a composition, the matter, contents, subject, theme, burden, argument: fabulae, T.: argumentum narrare, T.: argumento fabulam serere, upon a theme, i. e. a plot, L.: ex ebore perfecta argumenta, subjects modelled: (cratera) longo caelaverat argumento, O.: ingens, V.

    auxilium ī, n    [AVC-], help, aid, assistance, support, succor: ad auxilium copia, T.: plarimis esse auxilio, N.: suis auxilium ferre, Cs.: auxilium sibi adiungere: ab alquo expetere: laborum, means of avoiding, V.: auxilia portare, S.: magna duo auxilia, sources of aid, L.: Mittat ut auxilium sine se, O.— Plur, auxiliary troops, auxiliaries: barbara, Cs.: adventicia: Pompeio mittere: cogere, V.: auxiliis in mediam aciem coniectis, Cs.—Military force, troops: infirma, Cs.

    capreolus ī, m dim.    [caprea], a wild goat, chamois, roebuck, V.—Meton., plur, short pieces of timber for supports, props, stays, Cs.

    columen inis, n    [2 CEL-], a pillar, column: fax, quae magnum ad columen volabat, like an ascending column: excelsum, a pedestal: Phrygiae columina (of mountains), Ct. — Fig., of persons, the crown, summit, first, chief: amicorum.—A support, prop, stay: familiae: rerum mearum, H.

    cōn-fīrmō āvī, ātus, āre,    to make firm, make strong, establish, strengthen: vires nervosque, Cs.: confirmandi causā, Cs.—Fig., to strengthen, establish, reinforce, confirm: se, to recover: valetudinem: cum civitatibus pacem, Cs.: societatem, S.: suam manum: sese auxiliis, Cs.: Galliam praesidiis: regnum Persarum, N.: decretum, to ratify: acta Caesaris.—To confirm, animate, inspirit, cheer, encourage, make bold: animos verbis, Cs.: confirmato animo, iubet, etc., S.: timentes, Cs.: diffidentem rebus suis: territos, S.: sese, Cs.: eos multa pollicendo, uti pergerent, to persuade, S.: gladiatores spe libertatis, Cs.: confirmant ipsi se, one another. — To confirm, strengthen (in purpose or fidelity): Oppianicum accusatorem filio: confirmandorum hominum causā, Cs. — To corroborate, prove, demonstrate, support, establish: nostra argumentis: hoc visum (esse), Cs.: hoc de omnibus: crimen commenticium: his confirmatis rebus, Cs. —To assert, affirm, protest, give assurance, assure solemnly: ut possum confirmare: hoc, quod intellego: de re tantā nihil frustra, Cs.: illud iure iurando daturum, etc., Cs.: fidem inviolatam fore, S.: hoc, vitam mihi prius defuturam, etc.: inter se, Cs.: iure iurando confirmari oportere, ne, etc., Cs.

    crūs ūris, n    [1 CEL-], the leg, shank, shin: crura suffringere: dimidium, broken, Iu.: medium impediit crus Pellibus, H.: (equus) iactat crura, V.—The legs of crucified criminals were broken; hence, prov.: perire eum non posse, nisi ei crura fracta essent, he that is born to be hanged, etc.— A foot: Laeva crura Lilybaeo premuntur (poet. plur.), O.— Plur, props, pillars: ponticuli, Ct.

    ēducō āvī, ātus, āre    [DVC-], to bring up, rear, train, educate: unā a pueris educti, T.: apud alquem: illum primis cunis, O.: ars dicendi ea educat, develops: educata huius nutrimentis eloquentia.— To produce, support, raise: quod pontus, quod terra educat, O.: herbas, O.: Tractus uter lepores educet, H. I II

    efferō or ecferō extulī, ēlātus, ferre    [ex + fero], to carry out, take out, bring forth, take away, remove: tela ex aedibus: extra aedīs puerum, T.: frumentum ab Ilerdā, Cs.: signa portis efferri vidit, L.: pedem, escape, V.: pedem portā: sese tectis, V.: Furium longius extulit cursus, L.— To carry out for burial, bear to the grave, bury: Ecfertur, T.: filium: eum quam amplissime: extulit eum plebs, i. e. paid his funeral expenses, L.: anus Ex testamento elata, H.: Per funera septem Efferor, i. e. with a seven-fold funeral, O. — To bring forth, bear, produce: quod agri efferant: aliquid ex sese: cum ager cum decumo extulisset, ten fold: (Italia) genus acre virum Extulit, V.— To lift up, elevate, raise: hos in murum, Cs.: pars operis in altitudinem turris elata, Cs.: pulvis elatus lucem aufert, L.: dextrā ensem, V.: caput antro, O.: Lucifer Extulit ōs sacrum, rose, V.: ubi ortūs Extulerit Titan, V.—Fig., to set forth, spread abroad, utter, publish, proclaim, express: verbum de verbo expressum, translate literally, T.: si graves sententiae inconditis verbis efferuntur: in volgum disciplinam efferri, Cs.: hoc foras: Dedecus per auras, O.: in volgus elatum est, quā adrogantiā usus, etc., Cs.— To carry away, transport, excite, elate: me laetitiā.— P. pass.: milites studio, Cs.: tu insolentiā.— To bury, ruin, destroy: ne libera efferatur res p., L.: ne meo unius funere elata res p. esset, L.— To bring out, expose: me ad gloriam: alqm in odium, Ta.— To raise, elevate, exalt, laud, praise, extol: hominem ad summum imperium: quemque ob facinus pecuniā, S.: patriam demersam extuli: consilium summis laudibus, Cs.—With se, to rise, show oneself, appear: quae (virtus) cum se extulit, etc.— To lift up, elate, puff up, inflate, inspire: animum (fortuna) flatu suo, L.: alqm supra leges, Ta.: quod ecferas te insolenter: sese audaciā, S.: se in potestate, be insolent in office: (fortunati) efferuntur fere fastidio: adrogantiā elati, Cs.: ad iustam fiduciam, L. — To support, endure: laborem: malum patiendo, do away with.

    ē-nītor -nīxus or -nīsus, ī, dep.,    to force a way out, struggle upwards, mount, climb, ascend: pede aut manu, L.: in ascensu non facile, Cs.: in altiora, Ta.: impetu capto enituntur, scale the height, L.: Enisus arces attigit igneas, H.: Viribus eniti quarum, by whose support mounting up, V.: aggerem, to mount, Ta.—To bring forth, bear: plurīs enisa partūs decessit, L.: fetūs enixa, V.: quem Pleïas enixa est, O. — To exert oneself, make an effort, struggle, strive: tantum celeritate navis enisus est, ut, etc., Cs.: eniti, ut amici animum excitat: ab eisdem summā ope enisum, ne tale decretum fieret, S.: gnatum mihi corrigere, T.: usui esse populo R., S.: in utroque: ad dicendum.

    ē-nūtriō īvī, —, īre,    to bring up, nourish, support: puerum, O.

    epulae ārum, f    viands, sumptuous food, dishes, meats: mensae epulis exstruebantur: vino et epulis onerati, S.: exempta fames epulis, V.: vestis, Blattarum epulae, H.: Viscera (voltur) rimatur epulis, ransacks for food, V.—Fig., food, support: bonarum cogitationum.—A feast, banquet, entertainment, feasts, dinners: (carmina) in epulis cantitata: neque modus est epularum: regum, H.: amplissimae, Cs. — Esp., of religious festivals: sepulcrum epulis celebrare: Voveram dulcīs epulas Libero, H.

    familia ae (with pater, mater, filius, the old gen. familias is freq.), f    [famulus], the slaves in a household, a household establishment, family servants, domestics: familia, quae constet ex servis pluribus: emere familiam a Catone: armare familiam, Cs.: Aesopus domino solus cum esset familia, his one servant, Ph.: Martis, serfs of the temple: omnem suam familiam undique cogere, vassals, Cs.— An estate, family property, fortune: herciscundae familiae causam agere: decem dierum vix mihi est familiā, means of support, T.— A household, family; genit. (familias or familiae), with pater, mater, or filia: pater familias, head of a family, householder: sicut unus pater familias loquor, as a plain citizen: pater familiae, Cs.: pauci milites patresque familiae, Cs.: patres familias, qui liberos habent, etc.: patres familiarum: mater familias, a matron, mistress of a household: mater familiae, L.: matres familiae, Cs.: matribus familias vim attulisse: matres familiarum, S.: filii familiarum, minors, sons in tutelage, S.— A family, family connection, kindred (as part of a gens): tanta, T.: nobilissima: familiam dedecoras, T.: dedecus familiae: primus in eam familiam attulit consulatum: familiā prope exstinctā, S.— A family, the members of a household: Philippi domūs et familiae inimicissimi, N.— A company, sect, school, troop: singulae familiae litem tibi intenderent: tota Peripateticorum: familiae dissentientes inter se: gladiatoriae, S.: Lucius familiam ducit, is first: familiam ducit in iure civili, stands highest.

    faveō fāvī, fautūrus, ēre    [FAV-], to be favorable, be well disposed, be inclined towards, favor, promote, befriend, countenance, protect: illi virgini, like, T.: Helvetiis, Cs.: favisse me tibi fateor: honori, Cs.: sententiae: Catilinae inceptis, S.: (galli) favent faucibus russis cantu, i. e. indulge, Enn. ap. C.: hac pro parte, i. e. be concerned for, O.: illi aetati favetur: iudex qui favet, is partial: si favet alma Pales, O.: Favete, listen kindly, T.: o faveas, O.: adscribi factis tuis se favet, i. e. desires, O.— To be favorable, be propitious: (terra) Altera frumentis favet, promotes, V.: Dum favet nox, H.: ventis faventibus, O.: auspicium favens, O.—With linguis, to abstain from ill-omened speech, keep still, be silent: ut faverent linguis imperabatur: En deus est! linguis animisque favete, O.; cf. Ore favete omnes et cingite tempora ramis, V.: lingua favens adsit (diei natali), O.: favete adeste aequo animo (i. e. tacete), T.

    fīrmō āvī, ātus, āre    [firmus], to make firm, strengthen, fortify, sustain: corpora firmari labore voluerunt: corpora cibo, L.: vestigia, V.— Fig., to fortify, strengthen, secure, confirm, assure, reinforce, make lasting: urbem colonis: locum munitionibus, Cs.: aditūs urbis, V.: aciem subsidiis, L.: vocem: firmatā iam aetate, matured: pacem, L.: pro firmato stare, L.— To strengthen in resolution, encourage, animate: animum consilio: nostros, Cs.: plebem provocatione, L.: animum pignore, V.: firmato voltu, with a resolute countenance, Ta.— To confirm, establish, show, prove, declare, make certain: fidem, T.: id (crimen) argumentis: foedera (dictis), V.

    foveō fōvī, fōtus, ēre    [FAV-], to warm, keep warm: pennis (pullos): pulli a matribus foti: ignes manu, i. e. keep up, O.: nomen in marmore aperto pectore, warmed with her naked breast, O. — To cherish, foster, fondle, foment: corpus, O.: volnus lymphā, bathe, V.: gremio (puerum), V.: anhelans Colla fovet, i. e. leans against the tree, V.: castra fovere, cling to, V.: hiemem luxu, sit the winter through, V.—Fig., to cherish, caress, love, favor, support, assist, encourage: hunc: (duces) pugnantīs spe, encourage, L.: utram partem, L.: fovendis hominum sensibus, by pampering: vota animo, O.: perditam spem, L.: Cupidine bella, prolonged by Cupid's agency, V.: dolores, palliate: famam inanem, i. e. an unfounded reputation, V.: hoc regnum dea gentibus esse tenditque fovetque, fondly strives, V.

    fultūra ae, f    [fulcio], a prop, support: accedit stomacho fultura, H.

    fundāmentum ī, n    [2 fundo].— Plur, a foundation, ground-work, basis: agere fundamenta: prima urbi iacere, L.: Carthaginis altae locare, V.: urbis, V.: Albam a fundamentis proruere, utterly, L.—Fig., a basis, ground, support, substance, beginning: pietas fundamentum est virtutum: iustitiae fides.— Plur: consulatūs tui: senectus, quae fundamentis adulescentiae constituta est: iacere pacis fundamenta: cui causae fundamenta iaciantur: verecundiae.

    gerō gessī, gestus, ere    [GES-], to bear about, bear, carry, wear, have, hold, sustain: vestem, N.: ferarum pelles, Ta.: anguīs inmixtos crinibus, O.: in capite galeam, N.: spolia ducis, L.: dextrā sceptrum, V.: Virginis os habitumque, V.: cornua matres Gesserunt, i. e. became cows, O.: tempora tecta pelle, O.: squalentem barbam gerens, with, V.: distentius uber, H.: Seu tu querelas sive geris iocos (of a jar), contain, H.— To bear, carry, bring: saxa in muros, L.: cum pro se quisque (terram) gereret, L.— To bear, bring forth, produce: arbores, O.: mālos, V.: quos gerit India lucos, V.: Terra viros gerit, O.—Fig., to bear, have, keep, entertain, cherish, experience: pro noxiis iras, T.: fortem animum, S.: mixtum gaudio animum, L.: Ante annos animum, V.: personam, support a character: Mores, O.: aliquod nomenque decusque, V.: veteres inimicitias cum Caesare, Cs.: de amicitiā gerendā libri: in Romanos odium, L.: aliter atque animo gerebat, respondit, i. e. with dissimulation, S.— To exhibit, display, assume: in adversis voltum secundae fortunae, L.: prae se quandam utilitatem.— To carry out, administer, manage, regulate, rule, govern, conduct, carry on, wage, transact, accomplish, do, perform: rem p.: res p. egregie gesta est, L.: magistratum: terrā rem, i. e. to be in command, L.: se et exercitum more maiorum, S.: male rem, manage business: dum ea geruntur, meanwhile, Cs.: dum haec Romae geruntur, happen, S.: etsi res bene gesta est, the war, Enn. ap. C.: in conspectu Caesaris res gerebatur, the action, Cs.: occasio rei bene gerendae, for a successful blow, Cs.: gladio comminus rem gerit, fights, Cs.: gestis aequanda pericula rebus, exploits, Iu.: a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit, public affairs: quid negoti geritur?: bello gesto, L.: auctores in gerendo probabiles: a spe gerendi abesse: intus Digna geri, off the stage, H.: geram tibi morem, gratify: gerere mihi morem, please myself, T.: ut homost, ita morem geras, every man to his humor, T.: ut utrique a me mos gestus esse videatur.—With se, to bear, act, behave, deport oneself: nos summissius: truculentius se quam ceteri: se turpissime: me in hoc magistratu: ita nos, ut, etc.: se medium gerere, remain neutral, L.: pro colonis se gerere, claim to be, L.: se pro cive: Dis te minorem, i. e. revere, H.: meque vosque in omnibus rebus iuxta, treat you as myself, S.: nec tecum talia gessi, treat you thus, V.

    habeō uī (old perf subj. habessit for habuerit, C.), itus, ēre    [HAB-], to have, hold, support, carry, wear: arma: anulum: arma hic paries habebit, H.: coronam in capite: soccos et pallium: catenas: Faenum in cornu, H.: aquilam in exercitu, S.— To have, hold, contain: quod (fanum) habebat auri: non me Tartara habent, V.: quem quae sint habitura deorum Concilia, etc., V.: Quae regio Anchisen habet? V.: quod habet lex in se: suam (nutricem) cinis ater habebat, V.— To have, hold, occupy, inhabit: urbem, S.: arcem: quā Poeni haberent (sc. castra), L.: Hostis habet muros, V. —Of relation or association, to have: in matrimonio Caesenniam: eos in loco patrui: uxores: patrem: (legionem) secum, Cs.: apīs in iubā: mecum scribas: quibus vendant, habere, Cs.: conlegam in praeturā Sophoclem: civitates stipendiarias, Cs.: cognitum Scaevolam: inimicos civīs: duos amicissimos: eum nuptiis adligatum: quem pro quaestore habuit.— To have, be furnished with: voltum bonum, S.: pedes quinque: Angustos aditūs, V.: manicas, V.— To have, hold, keep, retain, detain: haec cum illis sunt habenda (opp. mittenda), T.: si quod accepit habet: Bibulum in obsidione, Cs.: in liberis custodiis haberi, S.: in vinculis habendi, S.: mare in potestate, Cs.: in custodiam habitus, lodged, L.: ordines, preserve, S.: alios in eā fortunā, ut, etc., L.: exercitus sine inperio habitus, S.: Marium post principia, station, S.: Loricam Donat habere viro, gives to keep, V.: inclusum senatum.—Of ownership or enjoyment, to have, own, possess, be master of: agros: Epicratis bona omnia: in Italiā fundum: quod non desit, H.: (divitias) honeste, enjoy, S.: (leges) in monumentis habemus, i. e. are extant: sibi hereditatem: illam suas res sibi habere iussit (the formula of divorcing a wife): in vestrā amicitiā divitias, S.: nos Amaryllis habet, has my love, V.: habeo, non habeor a Laide: habet in nummis, in praediis, is rich: ad habendum nihil satis esse: amor habendi, V.: Unde habeas, quaerit nemo, sed oportet habere, Iu.— To have, get, receive, obtain: a me vitam, fortunas: imperium a populo R.: habeat hoc praemi tua indignitas: granum ex provinciā: plus dapis, H.: Partem opere in tanto, a place, V.: graviter ferit atque ita fatur, Hoc habet, it reaches him, V.: certe captus est, habet! (i. e. volneratus est) T.— To find oneself, be, feel, be situated, be off, come off: se non graviter: bene habemus nos: praeclare se res habebat: quo pacto se habeat provincia: bene habent tibi principia, T.: bene habet, it is well: atqui Sic habet, H.: credin te inpune habiturum? escape punishment, T.: virtus aeterna habetur, abides, S.— To make, render: uti eos manifestos habeant, S.: pascua publica infesta, L.—With P. perf. pass., periphrast. for perf act.: vectigalia redempta, has brought in and holds, Cs.: domitas libidines: quae conlecta habent Stoici: de Caesare satis dictum: pericula consueta, S.: neque ea res falsum me habuit, S.: edita facinora, L.— To treat, use, handle: duriter se, T.: equitatu agmen adversariorum male, Cs.: exercitum luxuriose, S.: eos non pro vanis hostibus, sed liberaliter, S.: saucii maiore curā habiti, L.— To hold, direct, turn, keep: iter hac, T.: iter ad legiones, Cs.— To hold, pronounce, deliver, utter, make: orationem de ratione censoriā: contionem ad urbem: post habitam contionem: gratulationibus habendis celebramur: quae (querelae) apud me de illo habebantur: verba.— To hold, convene, conduct, cause to take place: comitia haberi siturus: senatum, Cs.: censum: Consilium summis de rebus, V.— To hold, govern, administer, manage, wield: rem p., S.: qui cultus habendo Sit pecori, V.: animus habet cuncta, neque ipse habetur, S.: aptat habendo Ensem, V.—Of rank or position, to hold, take, occupy: priores partīs Apud me, T.: Statum de tribus secundarium.—Fig., to have, have in mind, entertain, cherish, experience, exhibit, be actuated by: si quid consili Habet, T.: alienum animum a causā: tantum animi ad audaciam: plus animi quam consili: amorem in rem p.: in consilio fidem: gratiam, gratias habere; see gratia.— To have, have in mind, mean, wish, be able: haec habebam fere, quae te scire vellem, this was in substance what, etc.: haec habui de amicitiā quae dicerem: quod huic responderet, non habebat: haec fere dicere habui de, etc.: illud adfirmare pro certo habeo, L.—Prov.: quā digitum proferat non habet.—With P. fut. pass., to have, be bound: utrumne de furto dicendum habeas, Ta.: si nunc primum statuendum haberemus, Ta. — To have, have in mind, know, be acquainted with, be informed of: regis matrem habemus, ignoramus patrem: habes consilia nostra, such are: In memoriā habeo, I remember, T.: age, si quid habes, V.—With in animo, to have in mind, purpose, intend, be inclined: rogavi, ut diceret quid haberet in animo: istum exheredare in animo habebat: hoc (flumen) transire, Cs.: bello eum adiuvare, L. — To have in mind, hold, think, believe, esteem, regard, look upon: neque vos neque deos in animo, S.: haec habitast soror, T.: alquos magno in honore, Cs.: Iunium (mensem) in metu, be afraid of: omnīs uno ordine Achivos, all alike, V.: hi numero inpiorum habentur, Cs.: quem nefas habent nominare: deos aeternos: habitus non futtilis auctor, V.: cum esset habendus rex: non nauci augurem: cuius auctoritas magni haberetur, Cs.: id pro non dicto habendum, L.: sic habeto, non esse, etc.: non necesse habeo dicere: eam rem habuit religioni, a matter of conscience: ludibrio haberi, T.: duritiam voluptati, regard as pleasure, S.— To have, have received, have acquired, have made, have incurred: a me beneficia, Cs.: tantos progressūs in Stoicis.—With satis, to have enough, be content, be satisfied: sat habeo, T.: a me satis habent, tamen plus habebunt: non satis habitum est, quaeri, etc.— To have, be characterized by, exercise, practise: salem, T.: habet hoc virtus, ut, etc., this is characteristic of merit: locus nihil habet religionis: celerem motum, Cs.: neque modum neque modestiam, S.: silentium haberi iussit, observed, S.: habebat hoc Caesar, quem cognorat, etc., this was Caesar's way: ornamenta dicendi.— To have, involve, bring, render, occasion, produce, excite: primus adventus equitatūs habuit interitum: habet amoenitas ipsa inlecebras: latrocinia nullam habent infamiam, Cs.— To hold, keep, occupy, engage, busy, exercise, inspire: hoc male habet virum, vexes, T.: animalia somnus habebat, V.: sollicitum te habebat cogitatio periculi: Qui (metus) maior absentīs habet, H.— To take, accept, bear, endure: eas (iniurias) gravius aequo, S.: aegre filium id ausum, L.— To keep, reserve, conceal: Non clam me haberet quod, etc., T.: secreto hoc audi, tecum habeto.— To keep, spend, pass: adulescentiam, S.: aetatem procul a re p., S.—With rem, to have to do, be intimate: quocum uno rem habebam, T.

    incumbō cubuī, cubitus, ere    [CVB-], to lay oneself, lean, press, support oneself: in scuta, L.: in gladium, fall on: toro, V.: validis incumbere remis, bend to, V.: tecto incubuit bubo, perched on, O.: ferro, fall on, O.—To lean, incline, overhang: silex incumbebat ad amnem, V.: ad vos, O.: laurus Incumbens arae, V.—In war, to press upon, throw oneself: in hostem, L.: unum in locum totam periculi molem incubuisse, L.—Fig., to press upon, settle on, burden, oppress, weigh upon: Incubuere (venti) mari, V.: tempestas silvis Incubuit, V.: febrium Terris incubuit cohors, H.—To make an effort, apply oneself, exert oneself, take pains with, pay attention to: Tum Teucri incumbunt, V.: nunc, nunc incumbere tempus, O.: huc incumbe, attend to this: et animo et opibus in id bellum, Cs.: omni studio ad bellum: acrius ad ulciscendas rei p. iniurias: ut inclinato (iudici) incumbat oratio, influence: fato urguenti, i. e. accelerate, V.: sarcire ruinas, V.: suis viribus incubuit, ut, etc., L.—To incline, choose, be inclined to, lean towards: eos, quocumque incubuerit, impellere, whithersoever he may try: eodem incumbunt municipia, are inclined: inclinatio incubuit ad virum bonum: in cupiditatem.