-
41 supersum
sŭper-sum, fui, esse (old collat. form of the pres. superescit, Enn. and Att. ap. Fest. p. 302 Müll.;I.per tmesin: jamque adeo super unus eram,
Verg. A. 2, 567:nihil erat super,
Nep. Alcib. 8, 1), v. n.To be over and above, either as a remainder or as a superfluity (class. and very freq.; cf. supero, B. 3.).A. 1.In gen.: dum quidem unus homo Romanus toga superescit, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 302 Müll. (Ann. v. 486 Vahl.): inde sibi memorat, unum superesse laborem, id. ap. Gell. 1, 22, 16 (Ann. v. 159 ib.):2.duae partes, quae mihi supersunt illustrandae orationis, etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 91:ut nulli supersint de inimicis,
id. Marcell. 7, 21: omnes qui supersint de Hirtii exercitu, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 5:quid superest de corporibus,
Juv. 3, 259; 1, 35:ex eo proelio circiter milia hominum CXXX. superfuerunt,
Caes. B. G. 1, 26:perexigua pars illius exercitūs superest,
id. B. C. 3, 87:quod Morini Menapiique supererant,
id. B. G. 3, 28:cum hostes vestri tantum civium superfuturum putassent, quantum, etc.,
Cic. Cat. 3, 10, 25:quantum satietati superfuit,
id. Verr. 1, 4, 13; cf.:quantum ipsi superesse potest,
id. Rep. 1, 4, 8:biduum supererat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 23:non multum ad solis occasum temporis supererat,
id. B. C. 3, 51:non multum aestatis superesset,
id. B. G. 5, 22:fessis tantum superesse maris,
Verg. A. 5, 616:spatia si plura supersint,
id. ib. 5, 325:deos Ambraciensibus non superesse,
Liv. 38, 43:nemo superesse quemquam praeter eos credebat,
id. 5, 39:quod superest, scribe quaeso quam accuratissime, quid placeat,
as for the rest, as to what remains, Cic. Att. 9, 19, 3; Verg. A. 5, 691:quod superfuit,
Phaedr. 2, epil. 6:nunc mihi cur cantent, superest Dicere,
it still remains to tell, Ov. F. 3, 675:superest tercentum messes videre,
id. M. 14, 145; Lact. 1, 6, 6.—With ut and subj., Plin. Ep. 1, 1, 2; Lact. 1, 23, 1.—In partic., to live after, outlive, to be still alive, to survive (rare):B.sicut tuum vis unicum gnatum tuae Superesse vitae sospitem et superstitem,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 2: neque deesse neque superesse rei publicae volo, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 5:Lucumo superfuit patri,
Liv. 1, 34:fugae,
id. 28, 28:ne superesset tanto exercitui suum nomen secuto,
id. 27, 49:dolori,
Ov. M. 11, 703:cum superessent adhuc qui spectaverant, etc.,
Suet. Claud. 21.—To be in abundance, to abound (syn. abundo):2.cui tanta erat res et supererat,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 19:tibi, quia superest, dolet,
id. ib. 1, 3, 10:vereor ne jam superesse mihi verba putes, quae dixeram defutura,
Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:adeo supererunt animi ad sustinendam invidiam,
Liv. 2, 27, 12:tantum illi ingenii superfuit,
Suet. Tit. 1.— Poet.: modo vita supersit, if life be long enough, suffice, Verg. G. 3, 10:ne blando nequeant superesse labori,
i. e. to be sufficient for, equal to, id. ib. 3, 127; so,Veneri,
Col. 4, 27, 8.—In a bad sense, to be in excess, to be superabundant or superfluous:II.ut vis ejus rei, quam definias, sic exprimatur, ut neque absit quicquam neque supersit,
Cic. de Or. 2, 25, 108; cf. Varr. ap. Gell. 1, 22, 5 and 6.—For adesse, to be present, to serve by being present, to assist: si superesset (opp. sin deesset), Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 56.—Esp., to serve as an advocate:III.falsa atque aliena verbi significatio, quod dicitur, hic illi superest, cum dicendum est, advocatum esse, etc.,
Gell. 1, 22, 1.— -
42 transcendo
transcendo or trans-scendo, di, sum, 3, v. a. and n. [scando], to climb, pass, cross, or step over, to overstep, surmount.I.Lit. (freq. and class.; cf.: supero, transgredior).A.Neutr.:B.est periculum me ab asinis ad boves transcendere,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 58:transcendere in hostium naves,
Caes. B. G. 3, 15; id. B. C. 1, 58:in Italiam (Hasdrubal),
Liv. 28, 42, 14:in fines hostium,
id. 3, 8, 4:in Latinum agrum,
id. 4, 53, 2:in Sedetanum agrum,
id. 28, 31, 7; cf.: per Vescinos in Campaniam Falernumque agrum, id. 10, 20, 1; 31, 29, 6; 36, 24, 4.—Act.: fossam transire et maceriam transcendere conantur. Caes. B. G. 7, 70:II. A.fossas,
id. B. C. 3, 46:valles,
id. ib. 1, 68:Caucasum,
Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 22:Alpes,
id. Cat. 4, 3, 6; Liv. 5, 34, 8; 5, 35, 1:Apenninum,
id. 22, 1, 1:Taurum,
Just. 11, 8, 2:flumen exercitu,
Tac. A. 4, 44:limen,
Prop. 1, 14, 19 et saep.—Neutr.:B.ad leviora,
to pass over, make a transition, Quint. 7, 1, 21:ad majora,
Vell. 2, 130, 3: ex minore aetate in majorem, Hyg. ap. Gell. 16, 6, 15. — Absol.:ut non abrupte cadere in narrationem, ita non obscure transcendere,
Quint. 4, 1, 79. —Act.:2.transcendere fines Juris,
to orerstep, transgress, Lucr. 3, 60:transcendere ordinem aetatis, naturae, moris Macedonum, juris gentium,
Liv. 40, 11, 7; cf. id. 40, 9, 8:prohibita impune,
Tac. A. 3, 54:nec declinari transcendique posse agmina fati,
Gell. 7 (6), 2, 5.— -
43 usque
usquĕ, adv. [us- for ubs-, from ubi with locative s; and que for qued, old abl. of quis; v. Corss. Ausspr. 2, 471; 838; cf.: quisque, usquam].I.Lit., all the way to or from any limit of space, time, etc. (cf.: fine, tenus); of place, all the way, right on, without interruption, continuously, constantly.A.With prepositions.1.With ab:2.qui a fundamento mihi usque movisti mare,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 55:usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,
Cic. Clu. 68, 192:ex omnibus spectaculis usque a Capitolio plausus excitatus,
id. Sest. 58, 124:usque a rubro mari,
Nep. Hann. 2, 1.— Poet.:Dardaniam Siculo prospexit ab usque Pachyno,
Verg. A. 7, 289 (sometimes as one word, v. abusque).—With ex:3.usque ex ultimā Syriā atque Aegypto navigare,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 60, § 157. —With ad:4.usque a Dianio ad Sinopen navigaverunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 87:ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum,
id. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:usque ad Iconium,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 4:ab Atticā ad Thessaliam usque,
Plin. 4, 12, 21, § 63:usque ad Numantiam misit,
Cic. Dejot. 7, 19:usque ad castra hostium accessit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 51 ( poet. and post-Aug. ad usque; often as one word, v. adusque).—With in and acc.:5.cum ad eum usque in Pamphyliam legatos misissent,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35:portūs usque in sinūs oppidis et ad urbis crepidines infusi,
id. Rep. 3, 31, 43.—With trans:6. B.trans Alpes usque transfertur,
Cic. Quint. 3, 12.—With adverbs of place:2.quod eos usque istinc exauditos putem,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4.—Esp., with quaque (less correctly as one word, usquequaque; v. II. A. 3. e. and II. B. 3. infra), everywhere: non usque quaque idoneum invenias locum, ubi, etc., Afran. ap. Non. p. 518, 6 (Com. Rel. v. 198 Rib.):C. 1.immo vero, quom usquequaque umbra'st, tamen Sol semper hic est,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 79:mari terrāque illas usque quaque quaeritat,
id. Poen. prol. 105:aut undique religionem tolle, aut usque quaque conserva,
Cic. Phil. 2, 43, 110:effugere non est, Flacce, basiatores. Instant... occurrunt, et hinc et illinc, usquequaque, quacunque,
Mart. 11, 98, 3; cf.:QVAQVE VSQVE,
Inscr. Grut. 611, 13.—With names of towns (class.; acc. to Reisig. Vorles. p. 216, usque ad Numantiam means all the way to the town, i. e. to its walls or gates: usque Numantiam, all the way to or into it, implying entrance of the town; cf.2.the passages cited infra): theatrum ita resonans, ut usque Romam significationes vocesque referantur,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 14, § 42:Miletum usque? obsecro,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21.—With other names than those of towns (post-Aug.):II.ab hac (sc. Siciliā) Cretam usque Siculum (mare) vocat,
Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 75:imperium usque extremos Orientis terminos prolatum,
Just. 7, 1, 4:terminos usque Libyae,
id. 1, 1, 5:ab Atticā Thessaliam usque,
Plin. 4, 12, 21, § 63:ab eo usque Jovem,
id. 2, 22, 20, § 84:horrendus ab astris Descendit vos usque fragor,
Stat. Th. 11, 89.—Meton.A.Of time, all the time, continually, perpetually, all the while from or to a period, as long or as far as, until.1.With prepositions.a.With ab:b.mihi magna cum eo jam inde usque a pueritiā Fuit semper familiaritas,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9:primus esses memoriter Progeniem nostram usque ab avo proferens,
id. Phorm. 2, 3, 48:augures omnes usque a Romulo,
Cic. Vatin. 8, 20:opinio jam usque ab heroicis ducta temporibus,
from as far back as the heroic ages, id. Div. 1, 1, 1:usque a Thale Milesio,
id. N. D. 1, 33, 91:bona paterna et avita et usque a nobis repetita,
id. Cael. 14, 34.—With ad:2.usque a mane ad vesperum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97:a mane ad noctem usque in foro dego diem,
id. Most. 3, 1, 3:inde usque ad diurnam stellam crastinam potabimus,
id. Men. 1, 2, 62; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:ille nihil difficilius esse dicebat, quam amicitiam usque ad extremum vitae diem permanere,
id. Lael. 10, 33:deinceps retro usque ad Romulum,
as far as, up to, id. Rep. 1, 37, 58.—With acc. (post-Aug.):3.paucae, aegre se defen dentes, usque tempora Alexandri Magni duraverunt,
Just. 2, 4, 32:a rege Romulo usque Caesarem Augustum,
Flor. 1, prooem. 1 (al. usque in).—With adverbs.a.With inde:b.pueritiae memoriam recordari ultimam, inde usque repetens, etc.,
Cic. Arch. 1, 1.—With antehac:c.ut animus in spe usque antehac attentus fuit, Ita, etc.,
Ter. And. 2, 1, 3.—With adhuc:d.quod occultatum'st usque adhuc nunc non potest,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 10:qui me tam leni passus animost usque adhuc facere, etc.,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 27:cessatum usque adhuc est,
until now, hitherto, id. Ad. 4, 4, 23:qui mos usque adhuc est retentus,
Cic. Rep. 2, 20, 35:usque adhuc certe animum meum probastis,
Suet. Dom. 18; v. adhuc, II. A.—With eo:e.tamen usque eo se tenuit, quoad, etc.,
Cic. Dejot. 4, 11:usque eo animadverti eum jocari,
id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; v. 2. eo, II. C.—With quaque, continually, always:f.Chrusalus mihi usque quaque loquitur nec recte,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 83: usque quaque sapere oportet, Poët. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 16, 1; so,usque quaque,
Cat. 39, 2; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 2; 1, 7, 5; Gell. 16, 3, 1:usquequaque, de hoc cum dicemus,
whenever, Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1.—Opp. nusquam: atque hoc non alienum est, quod ad multa pertineat, ne aut nusquam aut usquequaque dicatur, hic admonere,
Cic. Inv. 2, 21, 63.—With dum:g.usque dum regnum optinebit Juppiter,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 28: conplebo familiam adeo usque satietatem dum capiet pater, id. Am. 1, 2, 9:usque id egi dudum, dum loquitur pater,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 30; Cato, R. R. 156:mihi quidem usque curae erit, quid agas, dum, quid egeris, sciero,
Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 3; id. Verr. 2, 1, 5, § 12; 2, 1, 6, § 16; Hor. C. 3, 30, 7; cf. dum, I. B. 1. b. —With interea:h.nam usque dum ille vitam colet Inopem... Interea usque illi de me supplicium dabo,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 84 sqq.—With donec:k.ibo odorans quasi canis venaticus Usque donec persecutus volpem ero vestigiis,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 114. —With quoad:1.usque illum, quoad ei nuntiatum esset consules descendisse, omnibus exclusis commentatum, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 22, 87:dandum ordeum, usque quoad erunt lactentes,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 12.—With adeo:m. B.usque adeo in periculo fuisse, quoad, etc.,
Cic. Sest. 38, 82; cf. Cato, R. R. 67:instare usque adeo, donec se adjurat,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 40; id. Rud. 3, 5, 32: usque adeo, dum, C. Gracch. ap. Gell. 10, 3, 5; cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 10 sub f. supra.—In other relations.1. a.Absol.:b.ego vapulando, ille verberando, usque ambo defessi sumus,
Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 5 Fleck. (al. verberando usque, ambo:incerta est distinctio, Don. ad loc.): poenasque dedit usque superque (= usque eo quod satis esset),
Hor. S. 1, 2, 65.—With ad:c. d.usque ad ravim poscam,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 5, 10:usque ad necem,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 28:hoc malum usque ad bestias perveniat,
Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 67:usque ad eum finem, dum, etc.,
id. Verr. 1, 6, 16; v. dum: assenserunt consules designati, omnes etiam consulares usque ad Pompeium, up to, i. e. except Pompey, Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 20.—With terminal adverbs:2.Anco regi familiaris est factus (sc. L. Tarquinius) usque eo, ut, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 2, 20, 35; v. eo, under is fin.:usque quo non vis subici mihi?
how long? Vulg. Exod. 10, 3; cf. quousque.—Right on, always, without stop, continuously, constantly, incessantly: Ep. Ne abeas, priusquam ego ad te venero. Ap. Usque opperiar, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 122:3.Ctesipho me pugnis miserum Usque occidit,
Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 20:an usque In nostrum jacies verba superba caput?
Prop. 2, 8, 16:cantantes licet usque, minus via laedit, eamus,
Verg. E. 9, 64; cf.:nec vidisse semel satis est, juvat usque morari,
id. A. 6, 487:naturam expelles furcā, tamen usque recurret,
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 24.—Repeated:allatres licet usque nos et usque,
Mart. 5, 60, 1:ergo, qui prius usque et usque et usque Furum scindere podices solebam,
Auct. Priap. 78.—Esp.: usque quāque (less correctly as one word, usquequaque), in every thing, on every occasion:nolite usque quaque idem quaerere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 10:an hoc usque quaque, aliter in vitā?
id. Fin. 5, 30, 91 Madv. ad loc.:et id usquequaque quantum sit appareat,
in each particular, id. Or. 22, 73; Plin. Ep. 7, 12, 5:religionum usque quaque contemptor, praeter unius Deae Syriae,
Suet. Ner. 56 init. -
44 vea
vĭa ( vĕa, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 14), ae ( gen. sing. vias, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 679 P., or Ann. v. 421 Vahl.; viāï, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 16, or Ann. v. 209 ib.; Lucr. 1, 406; 1, 659; 2, 249 et saep.; dat. plur. VIEIS, Inscr. Lat. 206, 50), f. [Sanscr. vah-āmi, bring, lead; Gr. ochos, ochêma, vehicle; Germ. Wagen; Engl. wagon; from this root are also veho, vexo, etc.], a way, in the most general sense (for men, beasts, or carriages, within or without a city), a highway, road, path, street.I.Lit.1.In gen.:2.viae latitudo ex lege duodecim tabularum in porrectum octo pedes habet, in anfractum, id est ubi flexum est, sedecim,
Dig. 8, 3, 8:Romam in montibus positam et convallibus, non optimis viis, angustissimis semitis,
Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96:et modo quae fuerat semita, facta via est,
Mart. 7, 61, 4:aut viam aut semitam monstret,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 30:mi opsistere in viā,
id. Curc. 2, 3, 5:ire in viā,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 42:omnibus viis notis semitisque essedarios ex silvis emittebat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 19 (opp. semita), id. ib. 7, 8; Liv. 44, 43, 1; cf.:decedam ego illi de viā,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 80; cf. id. Curc. 2, 3, 8:paulum ad dexteram de viā declinavi,
Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 5:decedere viā,
Suet. Tib. 31:aestuosa et pulverulenta via,
Cic. Att. 5, 14, 1:quā (viā) Sequanis invitis propter angustias ire non poterant,
Caes. B. G. 1, 9:cursare huc illuc viā deterrimā,
Cic. Att. 9, 9, 2:in viam se dare,
to set out on a journey, id. Fam. 14, 12:te neque navigationi neque viae committere,
id. ib. 16, 4, 1:tu abi tuam viam,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 88:milites monuit, viā omnes irent, nec deverti quemquam paterentur,
along the highway, Liv. 25, 9, 4.—In a double sense:ire publicā viā,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 35.—Prov.: qui sibi semitam non sapiunt, alteri monstrant viam, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132 (Trag. v. 358 Vahl.):de viā in semitam degredi,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 40:totā errare viā,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 14.—In partic., as the name of a particular street or road:B.tres ergo viae, a supero mari Flaminia, ab infero Aurelia, media Cassia,
Cic. Phil. 12, 9, 22:Via Appia,
id. Mil. 6, 15; id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 55; cf. Liv. 9, 29, 6;v. Appius: Via Campana,
Suet. Aug. 94;v. Campania: Sacra Via, in Rome, in the fourth region,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 47 Müll.; Fest. p. 290 ib.; Cic. Planc. 7, 17; Hor. Epod. 4, 7; 7, 8:Via Sacra,
id. S. 1, 9, 1;also written as one word, SACRAVIA,
Inscr. Grut. 638, 7; 1033, 1; cf. Charis. p. 6 P.; Diom. p. 401 ib. (v. sacer, I. A.); cf. Becker, Antiq. 1, p. 219 sq.— Hence, Sacrăvĭenses, ĭum, m., those dwelling on the Sacra Via, Fest. s. v. October equus, p. 178 Müll.—Transf.1.Abstr., like our way, for march, journey (syn. iter):2.cum de viā languerem,
Cic. Phil. 1, 5, 12:nisi de viā fessus esset,
id. Ac. 1, 1, 1: tridui via, a three days' march or journey, Caes. B. G. 1, 38:bidui,
id. ib. 6, 7; Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27:longitudo viae,
Liv. 37, 33, 3:flecte viam velis,
Verg. A. 5, 28:tum via tuta maris,
Ov. M. 11, 747:feci Longa Pherecleā per freta puppe vias,
id. H. 16, 22:ne inter vias praeterbitamus, metuo,
by the way, on the road, Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 43; Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 1; Turp. ap. Non. p. 538, 8 et saep.—In gen., a way, passage, channel, pipe, etc.; thus, a lane in a camp, Caes. B. G. 5, 49; a passage between the seats of a theatre, Mart. 5, 14, 8; Tert. Spect. 3; of the veins:II.omnes ejus (sanguinis) viae,
Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 137; of the chyle ducts:quaedam a medio intestino usque ad portas jecoris ductae et directae viae,
id. ib.; the windpipe, Ov. M. 15, 344; 14, 498; a cleft through which any thing penetrates, Verg. G. 2, 79; cf. Ov. M. 11, 515; the path or track of an arrow, Verg. A. 5, 526; a stripe in a party-colored fabric, Tib. 2, 3, 54 et saep.—Trop.A.In gen., a way, method, mode, manner, fashion, etc., of doing any thing, course (cf. modus):B.vitae,
Cic. Fl. 42, 105; id. Agr. 1, 9, 27; id. Sest. 67, 140; Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 26; Sen. Brev. Vit. 9, 5; Lact. Epit. 67, 12:via vivendi,
Cic. Off. 1, 32, 118:rectam vitae viam sequi,
id. ib.:Socrates hanc viam ad gloriam proximam dicebat esse,
id. ib. 2, 12, 43:haec ad aeternam gloriam via est,
Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 18:haec una via omnibus ad salutem visa est,
Liv. 36, 27, 8:invenire viam ad mortem,
Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 12:totidem ad mortem viae sunt,
Sen. Contr. 1, 8, 6:cum eum hortarer ut eam laudis viam rectissimam esse duceret,
Cic. Brut. 81, 281: haec est una via laudis, id. Sest. 65, 137:totam ignoras viam gloriae,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 33:quae tum promptissima mortis via, exsolvit venas,
Tac. A. 16, 17:habeo certam viam atque rationem, quā omnes illorum conatus investigare et consequi possim,
Cic. Verr. 1, 16, 48:defensionis ratio viaque,
id. ib. 2, 5, 1, §4: non tam justitiae quam litigandi tradunt vias,
id. Leg. 1, 6, 18:docendi via,
id. Or. 32, 114:optimarum artium vias tradere,
id. Div. 2, 1, 1:(di) non... nullas dant vias nobis ad significationum scientiam,
id. ib. 2, 49, 102:rectam instas viam,
i. e. you speak correctly, truly, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 41.—Adverb.: rectā viā, directly:ut rectā viā rem narret ordine omnem,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 28.—Pregn. (cf. ratio), the right way, the true method, mode, or manner:C.ingressu'st viam, i. e. rectam,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 273:in omnibus quae ratione docentur et viā, primum constituendum est, quid quidque sit, etc.,
rationally and methodically, Cic. Or. 33, 116:ut ratione et viā procedat oratio,
id. Fin. 1, 9, 29.—Adverb.: viā, rightly, properly (opp. to wandering out of the way):ipsus eam rem secum reputavit viā,
Ter. And. 2, 6, 11:viā et arte dicere,
Cic. Brut. 12, 46. —Viam perficere, i. e. to attain an end, Just. Inst. proöem. 1. -
45 via
vĭa ( vĕa, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 14), ae ( gen. sing. vias, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 679 P., or Ann. v. 421 Vahl.; viāï, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 16, or Ann. v. 209 ib.; Lucr. 1, 406; 1, 659; 2, 249 et saep.; dat. plur. VIEIS, Inscr. Lat. 206, 50), f. [Sanscr. vah-āmi, bring, lead; Gr. ochos, ochêma, vehicle; Germ. Wagen; Engl. wagon; from this root are also veho, vexo, etc.], a way, in the most general sense (for men, beasts, or carriages, within or without a city), a highway, road, path, street.I.Lit.1.In gen.:2.viae latitudo ex lege duodecim tabularum in porrectum octo pedes habet, in anfractum, id est ubi flexum est, sedecim,
Dig. 8, 3, 8:Romam in montibus positam et convallibus, non optimis viis, angustissimis semitis,
Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96:et modo quae fuerat semita, facta via est,
Mart. 7, 61, 4:aut viam aut semitam monstret,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 30:mi opsistere in viā,
id. Curc. 2, 3, 5:ire in viā,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 42:omnibus viis notis semitisque essedarios ex silvis emittebat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 19 (opp. semita), id. ib. 7, 8; Liv. 44, 43, 1; cf.:decedam ego illi de viā,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 80; cf. id. Curc. 2, 3, 8:paulum ad dexteram de viā declinavi,
Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 5:decedere viā,
Suet. Tib. 31:aestuosa et pulverulenta via,
Cic. Att. 5, 14, 1:quā (viā) Sequanis invitis propter angustias ire non poterant,
Caes. B. G. 1, 9:cursare huc illuc viā deterrimā,
Cic. Att. 9, 9, 2:in viam se dare,
to set out on a journey, id. Fam. 14, 12:te neque navigationi neque viae committere,
id. ib. 16, 4, 1:tu abi tuam viam,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 88:milites monuit, viā omnes irent, nec deverti quemquam paterentur,
along the highway, Liv. 25, 9, 4.—In a double sense:ire publicā viā,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 35.—Prov.: qui sibi semitam non sapiunt, alteri monstrant viam, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132 (Trag. v. 358 Vahl.):de viā in semitam degredi,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 40:totā errare viā,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 14.—In partic., as the name of a particular street or road:B.tres ergo viae, a supero mari Flaminia, ab infero Aurelia, media Cassia,
Cic. Phil. 12, 9, 22:Via Appia,
id. Mil. 6, 15; id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 55; cf. Liv. 9, 29, 6;v. Appius: Via Campana,
Suet. Aug. 94;v. Campania: Sacra Via, in Rome, in the fourth region,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 47 Müll.; Fest. p. 290 ib.; Cic. Planc. 7, 17; Hor. Epod. 4, 7; 7, 8:Via Sacra,
id. S. 1, 9, 1;also written as one word, SACRAVIA,
Inscr. Grut. 638, 7; 1033, 1; cf. Charis. p. 6 P.; Diom. p. 401 ib. (v. sacer, I. A.); cf. Becker, Antiq. 1, p. 219 sq.— Hence, Sacrăvĭenses, ĭum, m., those dwelling on the Sacra Via, Fest. s. v. October equus, p. 178 Müll.—Transf.1.Abstr., like our way, for march, journey (syn. iter):2.cum de viā languerem,
Cic. Phil. 1, 5, 12:nisi de viā fessus esset,
id. Ac. 1, 1, 1: tridui via, a three days' march or journey, Caes. B. G. 1, 38:bidui,
id. ib. 6, 7; Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27:longitudo viae,
Liv. 37, 33, 3:flecte viam velis,
Verg. A. 5, 28:tum via tuta maris,
Ov. M. 11, 747:feci Longa Pherecleā per freta puppe vias,
id. H. 16, 22:ne inter vias praeterbitamus, metuo,
by the way, on the road, Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 43; Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 1; Turp. ap. Non. p. 538, 8 et saep.—In gen., a way, passage, channel, pipe, etc.; thus, a lane in a camp, Caes. B. G. 5, 49; a passage between the seats of a theatre, Mart. 5, 14, 8; Tert. Spect. 3; of the veins:II.omnes ejus (sanguinis) viae,
Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 137; of the chyle ducts:quaedam a medio intestino usque ad portas jecoris ductae et directae viae,
id. ib.; the windpipe, Ov. M. 15, 344; 14, 498; a cleft through which any thing penetrates, Verg. G. 2, 79; cf. Ov. M. 11, 515; the path or track of an arrow, Verg. A. 5, 526; a stripe in a party-colored fabric, Tib. 2, 3, 54 et saep.—Trop.A.In gen., a way, method, mode, manner, fashion, etc., of doing any thing, course (cf. modus):B.vitae,
Cic. Fl. 42, 105; id. Agr. 1, 9, 27; id. Sest. 67, 140; Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 26; Sen. Brev. Vit. 9, 5; Lact. Epit. 67, 12:via vivendi,
Cic. Off. 1, 32, 118:rectam vitae viam sequi,
id. ib.:Socrates hanc viam ad gloriam proximam dicebat esse,
id. ib. 2, 12, 43:haec ad aeternam gloriam via est,
Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 18:haec una via omnibus ad salutem visa est,
Liv. 36, 27, 8:invenire viam ad mortem,
Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 12:totidem ad mortem viae sunt,
Sen. Contr. 1, 8, 6:cum eum hortarer ut eam laudis viam rectissimam esse duceret,
Cic. Brut. 81, 281: haec est una via laudis, id. Sest. 65, 137:totam ignoras viam gloriae,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 33:quae tum promptissima mortis via, exsolvit venas,
Tac. A. 16, 17:habeo certam viam atque rationem, quā omnes illorum conatus investigare et consequi possim,
Cic. Verr. 1, 16, 48:defensionis ratio viaque,
id. ib. 2, 5, 1, §4: non tam justitiae quam litigandi tradunt vias,
id. Leg. 1, 6, 18:docendi via,
id. Or. 32, 114:optimarum artium vias tradere,
id. Div. 2, 1, 1:(di) non... nullas dant vias nobis ad significationum scientiam,
id. ib. 2, 49, 102:rectam instas viam,
i. e. you speak correctly, truly, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 41.—Adverb.: rectā viā, directly:ut rectā viā rem narret ordine omnem,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 28.—Pregn. (cf. ratio), the right way, the true method, mode, or manner:C.ingressu'st viam, i. e. rectam,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 273:in omnibus quae ratione docentur et viā, primum constituendum est, quid quidque sit, etc.,
rationally and methodically, Cic. Or. 33, 116:ut ratione et viā procedat oratio,
id. Fin. 1, 9, 29.—Adverb.: viā, rightly, properly (opp. to wandering out of the way):ipsus eam rem secum reputavit viā,
Ter. And. 2, 6, 11:viā et arte dicere,
Cic. Brut. 12, 46. —Viam perficere, i. e. to attain an end, Just. Inst. proöem. 1. -
46 vinco
vinco, vīci, victum, 3, v. a. and n. [perh. causat. of root ik-; Gr. eikô, to yield; but cf. per-vicax; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 106], to conquer, overcome, get the better of, defeat, subdue, vanquish, be victorious, etc. (syn.: supero, debello).I.Lit.A.In war or battle:B.jus esse belli, ut qui vicissent, iis, quos vicissent, quemadmodum vellent, imperarent, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 36:Carthaginienses navalibus pugnis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 18, 55:Galliam bello,
Caes. B. G. 1, 34 fin.:non virtute neque in acie vicisse Romanos,
id. ib. 7, 29:id vi et virtute militum victum atque expugnatum oppidum est,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 36:vicimus vi feroces,
id. ib. 1, 1, 82: aio te, Aeacida, Romanos vincere posse, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116 (Ann. v. 186 Vahl.): sicut fortis equus, spatio qui saepe supremo Vicit Olympia, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 5, 14 (Ann. v. 442 ib.): aliquando [p. 1992] ut vincat, ludit assidue aleam, Poët. ap. Suet. Aug. 70 fin.:L. milia,
to win at play, August. ib. 71.—In a lawsuit, etc., to be successful, to gain:C.vincere judicio,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 18, 53:quem tu horum nil refelles, vincam scilicet,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 82; Hor. S. 1, 2, 134:causam suam,
to win, Ov. H. 16, 76.— Pass.:factum est: ventum est: vincimur,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 85.—In other relations, to win, prevail, be successful, gain, overcome:D.sponsione,
Cic. Quint. 27, 84:sponsionem,
id. Caecin. 31, 91:vicit iter durum pietas,
controlled, made easy, Verg. A. 6, 688; cf. Mart. 5, 23, 5; Claud. Cons. Hon. 46:labor omnia vicit,
Verg. G. 1, 145; cf.difficultates, Auct. B. G. 8, 21: virgam,
to win, Verg. A. 6, 148:vicit tamen in Senatu pars illa, quae, etc.,
Sall. J. 16, 1:factione respectuque rerum privatarum... Appius vicit,
Liv. 2, 30, 2:cum in senatu vicisset sententia, quae, etc.,
id. 2, 4: Othonem vincas volo, to outbid (in an auction), Cic. Att. 13, 29, 2; 13, 33, 2.—To defeat as a candidate for office:competitorem in suffragiis,
Quint. 7, 1, 29.—Transf., of inanimate subjects.1.To overcome, overwhelm, prevail over, etc.:2.(naves) neu turbine venti Vincantur,
Verg. A. 9, 92:victa ratis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 4, 12:flammam gurgitibus,
id. Am. 3, 6, 42:noctem flammis,
Verg. A. 1, 727:vincunt aequora navitae,
prevail against, get the better of, Hor. C. 3, 24, 41:victaque concessit prisca moneta novae,
Ov. F. 1, 222:quernaque glans victa est utiliore cibo,
id. ib. 1, 676:corpora victa sopore,
id. ib. 1, 422; cf.:blanda quies furtim victis obrepsit ocellis,
id. ib. 3, 19:hi casses (linei) vel ferri aciem vincunt,
Plin. 19, 1, 2, § 11:campum turbā vincente,
overflowing, Sil. 6, 390.—To outlast, survive:3.(aesculus) Multa virum volvens durando saecula vincit,
Verg. G. 2, 295:vivendo mea fata,
id. A. 11, 160.—To surmount, scale:4.aëra (sagittae),
Verg. G. 2, 123; cf.:montes ascensu,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 46.—To reduce, change, etc.;II.of cooking: nec viscera quisquam... potest vincere flammā,
Verg. G. 3, 560:cochleas undis calefactas et prope victas,
Ser. Samm. Med. 319.—Of smelting ores:metallorum primitiae nullis fornacibus victae,
Tac. H. 4, 53.—Of melting snow:nive, quae zephyro victa tepente fluit,
Ov. F. 2, 220.—Of digestion: pervigilio quidem praecipue vincuntur cibi,
Plin. 11, 53, 118, § 283.—Trop.A.In gen., to prevail, be superior; to convince, refute, constrain, overcome, etc.:B.argumentis vincit,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 267:naturam studio,
Caes. B. G. 6, 43:vincit ipsa rerum publicarum natura saepe rationem,
Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 57; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 13: si subitam et fortuitam orationem commentatio et cogitatio facile vincit;hanc ipsam profecto assidua ac diligens scriptura superabit,
id. de Or. 1, 33, 150:sapientis animus vincetur et expugnabitur?
id. Par. 4, 1, 27:animum,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 29:non est consentaneum, qui invictum se a labore praestiterit, vinci a voluptate,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68:labascit, victu'st, uno verbo, quam cito!
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 98:eludet, ubi te victum senserit,
id. ib. 1, 1, 10:illius stultitiā victa ex urbe tu migres?
id. Hec. 4, 2, 13:adulescentulus saepe eadem audiendo victus est,
id. Heaut. 1, 1, 62:peccavi, fateor, vincor,
id. ib. 4, 1, 31:victus patris precibus lacrimisque,
Liv. 23, 8, 4:divūm pater victus tuis vocibus,
Hor. C. 4, 6, 21:est qui vinci possit,
id. S. 1, 9, 55:pietas Victa furore,
id. C. 3, 27, 36:victus amore pudor,
Ov. Am. 3, 10, 29:filia victa in lacrimas,
Tac. A. 1, 57:victus animi respexit,
Verg. G. 4, 491:triumphantes de lege victā et abrogatā,
Liv. 34, 3, 9.— With ut:ergo negatum, vincor, ut credam miser,
am constrained, compelled, Hor. Epod. 17, 27.—In partic.1.To overmatch in some quality, to surpass, exceed, excel, = superare:2. (α).stellarum globi terrae magnitudinem facile vincebant,
Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16:opinionem vicit omnium, quae, etc.,
id. Ac. 2, 1, 1:exspectationem omnium,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:eam (noctem) edepol etiam multo haec (nox) vicit longitudine,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 125:morum immanitate vastissimas vincit beluas,
Cic. Rep. 2, 26, 48:quamlibet mulierculam Vincere mollitiā,
Hor. Epod. 11, 24:odio qui posset vincere Regem,
id. S. 1, 7, 6:scribere, quod Cassi opuscula vincat,
id. Ep. 1, 4, 3; cf.:qualia (praecepta) vincunt Pythagoran,
id. S. 2, 4, 2.— Poet. with inf.: vir nulli victus vel ponere castra vel junxisse ratem, etc., excelled by none in pitching a camp, etc., Sil. 5, 552; 6, 141.—With obj.-clause:(β).quid nunc? vincon' argumentis te non esse Sosiam?
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 277:profecto ita esse, et praedico, vero vincam,
id. Most. 1, 2, 12:vince deinde, bonum virum fuisse Oppianicum,
Cic. Clu. 44, 124: dicendo vincere non postulo, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 4:vincet enim stultos ratio insanire nepotes,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 225.—With ut:(γ).nec vincet ratio hoc, tantundem ut peccet idemque Qui, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 115.—Absol.:3.si doceo non ab Avito, vinco ab Oppianico,
Cic. Clu. 23, 64.—With respect to something disputed, to prevail, gain one's point, carry the day. So only in the expressions,a.Vicimus:b.cui si esse in urbe tuto licebit, vicimus,
Cic. Att. 14, 20, 3:rumpantur iniqui. Vicimus: assiduas non tulit illa preces,
Prop. 1, 8, 28: vicimus exclamat;mecum mea vota feruntur,
Ov. M. 6, 513:vicimus et meus est,
id. ib. 4, 356.—Vincite, viceris, vincerent, have it your own way, just as you like, carry your point, an expression of reluctant assent:4.vincite, si ita vultis,
Caes. B. G. 5, 30; Ov. M. 8, 509:vincerent ac sibi haberent, dummodo scirent,
Suet. Caes. 1 fin.:viceris,
Ter. And. 5, 3, 21.—To treat worthily, set forth with dignity ( poet.):nec sum animi dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit,
Verg. G. 3, 289; cf.:vincere verbis,
Lucr. 5, 733.
См. также в других словарях:
supero (1) — {{hw}}{{supero (1)}{{/hw}}A agg. (lett.) Posto nella parte più alta: gli dei superi. B s. m. al pl. Nella mitologia greco romana, dei del cielo, opposti agli Inferi. supero (2) {{hw}}{{supero (2)}{{/hw}}s. m. Avanzo, eccedenza … Enciclopedia di italiano
súpero — adj. 1. Superior, que está de cima. 2. [Botânica] Diz se do ovário colocado acima da corola ou do perianto, livre de aderência com as outras peças florais (em oposição a ínfero) … Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa
súpero- — pref. Elemento que significa que está superior. ‣ Etimologia: latim superus, a, um, que está em cima, alto, superior • Nota: Não é acentuado nem seguido de hífen (ex.: superoanterior, superoposterior). Quando seguido de r ou s, a consoante é… … Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa
súpero — súpero, ra (Del lat. supĕrus). adj. Bot. Se dice del tipo de ovario vegetal que se desarrolla por encima del cáliz, como el tomate y otras solanáceas … Diccionario de la lengua española
súpero — ► adjetivo BOTÁNICA Se aplica al ovario que se desarrolla por encima del cáliz de la flor: ■ el tomate tiene la flor súpera. * * * súpero (del lat. «supĕrus») adj. Bot. Se aplica al ovario de las fanerógamas que está situado encima del cáliz. * * … Enciclopedia Universal
supero — supero1 / supero/ agg. [dal lat. supĕrus ], lett. [che sta sopra] ▶◀ e ◀▶ [➨ superiore agg. (1)]. supero2 s.m. [der. di superare ], non com. [ciò che avanza, che eccede] ▶◀ avanzo, eccedente, eccedenza, (burocr.) esubero, sopravanzo, (non com.) … Enciclopedia Italiana
súpero — {{#}}{{LM S36784}}{{〓}} {{[}}súpero{{]}}, {{[}}súpera{{]}} ‹sú·pe·ro, ra› {{《}}▍ adj.{{》}} {{♂}}En botánica, referido al ovario de las plantas fanerógamas,{{♀}} que se desarrolla por encima del cáliz. {{★}}{{\}}ETIMOLOGÍA:{{/}} Del latín superus… … Diccionario de uso del español actual con sinónimos y antónimos
súpero-anterior — |ô| adj. 2 g. Situado superiormente e na parte anterior. ♦ Grafia no Brasil: superoanterior … Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa
súpero-posterior — |ô| adj. 2 g. Situado superiormente e na parte posterior. ♦ Grafia no Brasil: superoposterior … Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa
supero- — ► prefijo Componente de palabra que significa superior: ■ superolateral. * * * ► Prefijo procedente de superior … Enciclopedia Universal
supero — 1sù·pe·ro s.m. CO eccedenza, sopravanzo {{line}} {{/line}} DATA: 1853. ETIMO: der. di superare. 2sù·pe·ro agg. 1. BU che è posto in alto, superiore Contrari: infero. 2. LE del cielo, celeste: o iddii profondi, richiamate l esule triste,… … Dizionario italiano