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21 Trieb
Trieb, I) in Pflanzen: a) das Treiben: motus. – b) das Getriebene, der Schößling: germen. – II) im Menschen: motus (innere Bewegung, Anregung, z.B. naturalis). – appetitio (das Verlangen nach etwas als Handlung, z.B. cognitionis). – appetitus (das Verlangen [2313] als Zustand, bes. der Trieb der Tiere, der Instinkt). – impetus (der heftige Drang der Seele zu etwas, z.B. benevolentiae). – studium (der Eifer, eifrige Drang zu einer Sache, z.B. historiae). – cupiditas (die Begierde nach etwas übh.). – incitatio mentis (der innere Antrieb). – sensus (das innere Gefühl, z.B. amandi). – desiderium (das sehnliche Verlangen nach etwas). – edler T., virtus: ein heißer T., ardor mentis (z.B. ad gloriam): leidenschaftlicher T., libīdo: gierige Triebe, avidae libidines: niedrige, unedle Triebe, studia prava od. turpia od. humilia. – einen T. zu etwas haben od. fühlen, studio od. desiderio alcis rei duci od. impelli; appetere od. concupiscere alqd: einen heftigen, starken T. zu etwas haben od. fühlen, ad alqd rapi; repentino animi impetu in alqd incitari: einen unwiderstehlichen T. zu etwas haben od. fühlen, trahi et duci ad alqd: keinen T. zu etwas haben od. fühlen, abhorrere od. alienum esse ab alqa re. – aus eigenem Triebe, s. freiwillig ( Adv.).
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22 sanus
sānus, a, um, gesund, heil, I) eig. (Ggstz. aeger): pars corporis, Cic.: corpus, Cels.: pedes, Augustin.: pecus, Varro: sanissimus (homo), Cels.: vulnera ad sanum coiere, sind geheilt, Prop.: cancrum sanum facere, Cato: ulcera sana facere sine dolore, Cato: alqm sanum facere, Cic.: si eo medicamento sanus factus est, Cic.: sanus fiet ex eo morbo, Cato. – Plur. subst., sani, Gesunde (Ggstz. male habentes), Augustin. in psalm. 38, 18. – II) übtr.: a) gesund, in guter Beschaffenheit, unverdorben, res publica, Cic.: res (Ggstz. res aegra), Sen.: armamenta (navis), Plaut.: vox, frei von Naturfehlern, Quint.: ego sanus ab illis (vitiis), noch rein von usw., Hor. – b) vom Verstande usw., gesund, unverdorben, richtig, dann inbezug auf die Person, von gesundem-, richtigem Verstande, vernünftig, gescheit (Ggstz. demens, insanus, ineptus), mens, Cic. u. Ov.: sensus (Plur.), Cic.: homo, Cic.: so auch homines, Leute von gesundem-, richtigem Gefühl, -Geschmack (Ggstz. inepti), Suet. Caes. 56, 2: bene sanus, Cic.: mentis bene sanae, ein Mann von gesundem Urteil, Hor.: male sanus, unklug, nicht recht gescheit, beschränkt, der Überlegung beraubt, nicht recht bei Sinnen, Cic., Sen. u. Ov.; od. schwermütig, Verg.: satin sanus es? od. sanusne es? od. bl. sanus es? bist du recht klug? recht bei Verstande? bist du bei Trost? Plaut. u. Ter.: qui————sanior, ac si etc., Hor.: quisquam sanissimus tam certa putat, quae videt, quam etc., Cic.: poet., sanus gurges, vernünftiger (= sanft strömender), Claud. cons. Mall. Theod. 235. – mit Genet., satin tu sanus es mentis aut animi tui? Plaut. trin. 454: omnium rerum certe sanus es, Fronto epist. ad M. Caes. 1, 8. p. 24, 16 N. – c) von der Rede, nüchtern und besonnen, u. vom Redner, von nüchterner und besonnener Sprache, genus dicendi, Cic.: sani oratores, Cic.: Rhodii saniores, Cic. -
23 officio
fēcī, fectum, ere [ ob + facio ]1) становиться поперёк пути, преграждать, отрезать ( hostium itineri Sl или iter bAfr); загораживать, застилать (o. soli C)luminibus alicui o. C, G — заслонить кому-л. свет или вид (на что-л.)mentis luminibus alicujus o. C — помрачить чьё-л. сознаниеfamae (dat.) alicujus o. L — затмить чью-л. славу2)а) мешать, препятствовать, противодействовать (alicui rei V, C, PM); запутывать (o. sententiis alicujus C)o. auribus Sl — мешать слушать, делать глухим (к доводам разума) -
24 hebesco
hebēsco, ere (Inchoat. v. hebeo), stumpf werden I) eig.: acumina (gladiorum) densis ictibus hebescebant, Amm. 16, 12, 54. – II) übtr.: A) physisch stumpf werden, sich abstumpfen, a) gleichs. der Schärfe nach, v. den Sinnen u. Sinneswerkzeugen, hebescunt sensus, Plin.: hebescebant oculi, Suet. – b) der Tätigkeit nach, erlahmen, hebescere dextras, Sil. 8, 19. – c) der physischen Wirkung nach, für den Gesichtssinn = erblassen, fulgor hebescere caeli per subitum coepit, Sil.: nec frustra adversus impios hebescere sidera, ihren Schein verlieren, Tac. – B) geistig oder moral. stumpf werden, sich abstumpfen, sich abschwächen, a) v. der Schärfe des Geistes usw.: si mentis acies se ipsa intuens non numquam hebescit, Cic.: at nos vicesimum iam diem patimur hebescere aciem horum auctoritatis, wir lassen das scharfe Schwert der uns hier erteilten Vollmacht schon zw. T. rosten, Cic. – v. Zuständen, hebescere virtus coepit, der Sinn für Tugend begann zu ersterben, Sall. Cat. 12, 1. – b) v. Perf.: hebescere et languere nolle, nicht in Stumpfsinn u. Trägheit versinken wollen, Cic.: per fastidium et contumaciā hebescere (erlahmen), Tac.: excitari quosdam ad meliora magnitudine rerum, hebescere alios (andere in Schlaffheit versinken), Tac.
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25 motus
mōtus, ūs, m. (moveo), die Bewegung, I) = κίνησις, das Sich-Bewegen, A) eig.: a) übh.: natura omnia ciens motibus suis, Cic.: deus motum dedit caelo eum, qui etc., Cic.: ex corporis totius natura et figura varios motus (Schwingungen) cieri tamquam in cantu sonos, Cic.: Arati materia motu caret, Quint.: m. remorum, Caes.: m. siderum, Caes.: siderum motus cursusque stellarum, Val. Max.: solis et lunae ac siderum motus (Plur.), Augustin.: celerem et instabilem motum habere, v. Meere, Caes.: naves longae, quarum motus ad usum expeditior erat, Caes.: m. lecti suspensi, Cels.: motus (unci) triplex, in utrumque latus et extra, Cels.: vibrata per auras hastarum tremulo quatiebant spicula motu, Ov. – m. oculorum, m. oris, Cels.: m. caudae, Plin.: m. venarum, das Schlagen, Cels.: pectora salientia trepido motu, Ov.: (lepus) nullos audet dare corpore motus, wagt sich nicht zu rühren, Ov. – b) v. der erschütternden Bewegung der Erde, terrae motus, das Erdbeben, die Erderschütterung, Cic. u.a.: subitus terrae motus, Frontin.: crebri terrae motus, Curt.: motus hiatusque terrarum, Augustin. – c) v. der Körperbewegung als Ggstd. α) der Palästrik, Gymnastik, Orchestrik usw., die Bewegung, die Wendung, habitus oris et vultus, status (στάσις), motus (κίνησις), Cic.: status, incessus... manuum motus teneant illud decorum, Cic.: rusticus alter motus, concesso mollior alter erit, Ov.: decens motus, Anmut in Bewegung u. Gang, Hor.: motus palaestrici, s. palaestricus: artifex motus et certi quidam pedes, Quint. – v. der körperl. Bewegung, dem Gebärdenspiele des Redners, ex motus mei mediocritate, Cic.: qui celeri motu et difficili utuntur (Ggstz. statarius), Cic.: iactatione, gestu, motu capitis furentes, Quint. – von den pantomimischen Bewegungen der Tanzenden, haud indecoros motus more Tusco dare, Liv.: histrionicis motibus sinuati corporis saltus, Ambros.: dah. vom mehr pantom. Tanze der Alten, motus Ionici, Hor.: dare motus Cereri, Tänze aufführen, Verg. – β) als Gegenstand der Diät, die Bewegung, Motion, motus post cibum, Cels.: ab omni motu corporis abstinere, Cels. – γ) als milit. t. t., eine Heeresbewegung, Schwenkung, ein Manöver, ut ad motus concursusque essent leviores, Nep. Iph. 1, 4.: multi per eos dies motus multique impetus hinc atque illinc facti (sunt), Liv. 3, 5, 1. – B) übtr.: 1) die sinnl. u. geistige Bewegung, Regung im Menschen, a) die sinnliche Bewegung, die Erregung, erregende Empfindung, omnes iucundum motum, quo sensus hilaretur, Graece ἡδονήν, Latine voluptatem vocant, Cic.: dulcem motum afferent, Cic. – b) die geistige Bewegung, Tätigkeit, Wirksamkeit, animorum motus voluntarii, Cic.: motus animorum duplices sunt, alteri cogitationis, alteri appetitus, Cic.: et animi et ingenii celeres quidam motus esse debent, Herz u. Verstand müssen ihre Kräfte mit Leichtigkeit gebrauchen können, Cic. – dah. insbes., α) die leidenschaftl. Bewegung, Erregung des Gemütes, die Gemütsbewegung, Aufregung, Leidenschaft, mit Genet. animi, Cic. u.a., u. ohne animi, zB. motus turbidus (störende), Cic.: motus animi nimii, Cic.: m. mentis meae, Unruhe meines Gemütes, Cic.: irritare in alqm potentiorum motus (Leidenschaften), Sen. – β) die Tätigkeit, Wirksamkeit des Denkvermögens, Verstandes, motus iste celer cogitationis, jene schnelle Beweglichkeit der Gedanken, jener schn. Gedankenflug, Cic.: ad alqd motu animi (Verstandestätigkeit) ac ratione uti, Cic.; vgl. Halm Cic. Sest. 143. p. 314. – γ) die Tätigkeit, Regung des Begehrens u. Willens, die Bewegung, αα) der Trieb, der Antrieb, sine motu animi et cogitatione, Cic.: est (carmen) magis artis et diligentiae quam incitationis et motus, Cic.: divino od. insano motu concita, Ov. – ββ) der Beweggrund, audisti consilii mei motus, Plin. ep. 3, 4, 9. – 2) die politische Bewegung, a) im guten Sinne, die Erhebung, Italiae magnificentissimus ille motus, Cic. de domo 142. – b) im üblen Sinne, die Bewegung, die Volksbewegung, Gärung, der Auflauf, Aufstand, die Unruhen, populi, Cic.: servilis, Liv.: civicus, Hor.: magnus et implacabilis (nicht zu beschwichtigende), Tac.: hic tantus motus rerum, bewegte Zeit, Cic. u. Tac.: domi motus orti, Liv.: intumescente motu, Tac.: motum afferre rei publicae, Cic. – 3) die Wendung nach der einen od. anderen Seite, der Wechsel, motum (Wechsel der politischen Strömung) non tantum impendere video, quantum tu aut vides aut ad me consolandum affers, Cic.: se quoque ad motus fortunae movere coepit, sich nach den Wendungen (Wechselfällen) des Gl. zu richten, den Mantel nach dem Winde zu hängen, Caes.
II) mit Rücksicht auf das Woher? A) das Hervortreiben; dah. als t. t. des Gartenbaues = der Trieb, Schuß der Pflanzen (griech. ορμή), tres esse motus in vite, seu potius in surculo, naturales: unum, quo germinet; alterum, quo floreat; tertium, quo maturescat, Colum. 4, 28, 2. – B) der Aufbruch, die Abreise, die Abfahrt, sub Aurorae primos excedere motus, Lucan. 4, 734: motus excepit futuros, Verg. Aen. 4, 297 (vgl. 299). – C) die Umwandlung, κίνησις 1) die politische, die Staatsumwälzung, Veränderung im Staate (griech. τῶν πολιτειῶν κίνησις), concussi orbis motus, Welterschütterung u. Umwälzung, Tac. hist. 1, 16: ut Persarum imperium magno motu (Stoß) concuterent magis quam affligerent, Curt. 4, 14 (54), 20. – 2) die rhetorische, u. zwar meton. = τρόπος, der umgewandte, figürliche Ausdruck, die Redewendung, der Tropus (bei Cicero immutatio verborum, immutata verba), Quint. 8, 5, 35 u. (bes.) 9, 1, 2.
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26 officio
officio, fēcī, fectum, ere (ob u. facio), I) entgegentreten, im üblen Sinne = jmdm. in den Weg treten, etwas versperren, verbauen, verlegen, hemmen, A) eig., mit Dat., alci apricanti, jmdm. vor das Sonnenlicht treten, Cic.: luminibus alcis, jmdm. das Licht versperren, -verbauen, Cic. u. ICt.: hostium itineri, dem Feinde den Marsch, Weg versperren, Sall.: cum alii in angustiis ipsi sibi officerent, einander im Wege waren, den Weg versperrten, Sall.: umbra terrae soli officiens, in den Weg tretend, Cic.: demoliri aedes, quarum altitudo officeret auspiciis, im Wege stehe, Cic.: nisi pulvis vento flatus omnium prospectu offecisset, Auct. b. Afr. – mit Acc., adversariorum iter, Auct. b. Afr.: offecti corporis sensus, Lucr. – B) übtr.: 1) im allg.: mentis tuae quasi luminibus officit altitudo fortunae meae, blendet die Augen deines Geistes, Cic.: horum concisis sententiis officit Theopompus altitudine orationis suae, verdunkelt, Cic. – 2) insbes., physisch, politisch od. geistig einer Sache im Wege-, hinderlich sein, Eintrag tun, sie beeinträchtigen (verb. officere et obstare, obstare atque officere), lactucae officiunt claritati oculorum, Plin.: officiunt laetis frugibus herbae, Verg. – libertati, Liv.: commodis alcis, Sall.: eius gloria iam imperatoris famae officiebat, überstrahlte, Liv.: u. so qui nomini (Ruf) officient meo, Liv.: ei pecuniae vita Sex. Roscii obstare atque officere videtur, Cic.: alci non off. mit folg. quo minus u. Konj., Plin. ep. 6, 29, 6 (dagegen Lucr. 1, 977 u. Liv. 4, 31, 5 jetzt effecit). – II) darübermachen, proprio colori novum, Paul. ex Fest. 112, 6. – / Lucr. 5, 886 (889) jetzt occipit.
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27 blöde
blöde, I) schwach, stumpf: hebes (v. den Augen u. dem Verstande). – caligans (dunkel, trübe, von den Augen). – obtusus. tardus (v. Verstande). – b. sein, caligare (von den Augen): b. machen, die Augen, die Sinne, hebetare aciem oculorum, sensus: ein b. Verstand, obtusior animi acies od. vigor. – II) schüchtern: verecundus (schamhaft, Ggstz. impudens). – timidus (furchtsam, Ggstz. audax) – etwas b., subtimidus. – b. sein, verecundari (z. B. bei Tische, apud mensam): sich b. stellen, verecundiam simulare. – Blödigkeit, I) Schwäche etc.: infirmitas oculorum. hebes acies oculorum (der Augen). – hebes acies mentis. obtusior animi acies od. vigor. mens tarda. imbecillitas ingenii (des Verstandes). – II) Schüchternheit etc.: pudor. verecundia (die Sch. des Schamhaften, Sittsamen etc.). – timiditas (die Sch. des Furchtsamen). – die B. ablegen, verecundiam ponere.
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28 hebesco
hebēsco, ere (Inchoat. v. hebeo), stumpf werden I) eig.: acumina (gladiorum) densis ictibus hebescebant, Amm. 16, 12, 54. – II) übtr.: A) physisch stumpf werden, sich abstumpfen, a) gleichs. der Schärfe nach, v. den Sinnen u. Sinneswerkzeugen, hebescunt sensus, Plin.: hebescebant oculi, Suet. – b) der Tätigkeit nach, erlahmen, hebescere dextras, Sil. 8, 19. – c) der physischen Wirkung nach, für den Gesichtssinn = erblassen, fulgor hebescere caeli per subitum coepit, Sil.: nec frustra adversus impios hebescere sidera, ihren Schein verlieren, Tac. – B) geistig oder moral. stumpf werden, sich abstumpfen, sich abschwächen, a) v. der Schärfe des Geistes usw.: si mentis acies se ipsa intuens non numquam hebescit, Cic.: at nos vicesimum iam diem patimur hebescere aciem horum auctoritatis, wir lassen das scharfe Schwert der uns hier erteilten Vollmacht schon zw. T. rosten, Cic. – v. Zuständen, hebescere virtus coepit, der Sinn für Tugend begann zu ersterben, Sall. Cat. 12, 1. – b) v. Perf.: hebescere et languere nolle, nicht in Stumpfsinn u. Trägheit versinken wollen, Cic.: per fastidium et contumaciā hebescere (erlahmen), Tac.: excitari quosdam ad meliora magnitudine rerum, hebescere alios (andere in Schlaffheit versinken), Tac. -
29 motus
mōtus, ūs, m. (moveo), die Bewegung, I) = κίνησις, das Sich-Bewegen, A) eig.: a) übh.: natura omnia ciens motibus suis, Cic.: deus motum dedit caelo eum, qui etc., Cic.: ex corporis totius natura et figura varios motus (Schwingungen) cieri tamquam in cantu sonos, Cic.: Arati materia motu caret, Quint.: m. remorum, Caes.: m. siderum, Caes.: siderum motus cursusque stellarum, Val. Max.: solis et lunae ac siderum motus (Plur.), Augustin.: celerem et instabilem motum habere, v. Meere, Caes.: naves longae, quarum motus ad usum expeditior erat, Caes.: m. lecti suspensi, Cels.: motus (unci) triplex, in utrumque latus et extra, Cels.: vibrata per auras hastarum tremulo quatiebant spicula motu, Ov. – m. oculorum, m. oris, Cels.: m. caudae, Plin.: m. venarum, das Schlagen, Cels.: pectora salientia trepido motu, Ov.: (lepus) nullos audet dare corpore motus, wagt sich nicht zu rühren, Ov. – b) v. der erschütternden Bewegung der Erde, terrae motus, das Erdbeben, die Erderschütterung, Cic. u.a.: subitus terrae motus, Frontin.: crebri terrae motus, Curt.: motus hiatusque terrarum, Augustin. – c) v. der Körperbewegung als Ggstd. α) der Palästrik, Gymnastik, Orchestrik usw., die Bewegung, die Wendung, habitus oris et vultus, status (στάσις), motus (κίνησις), Cic.: status, incessus... manuum motus teneant illud decorum, Cic.: rusticus alter————motus, concesso mollior alter erit, Ov.: decens motus, Anmut in Bewegung u. Gang, Hor.: motus palaestrici, s. palaestricus: artifex motus et certi quidam pedes, Quint. – v. der körperl. Bewegung, dem Gebärdenspiele des Redners, ex motus mei mediocritate, Cic.: qui celeri motu et difficili utuntur (Ggstz. statarius), Cic.: iactatione, gestu, motu capitis furentes, Quint. – von den pantomimischen Bewegungen der Tanzenden, haud indecoros motus more Tusco dare, Liv.: histrionicis motibus sinuati corporis saltus, Ambros.: dah. vom mehr pantom. Tanze der Alten, motus Ionici, Hor.: dare motus Cereri, Tänze aufführen, Verg. – β) als Gegenstand der Diät, die Bewegung, Motion, motus post cibum, Cels.: ab omni motu corporis abstinere, Cels. – γ) als milit. t. t., eine Heeresbewegung, Schwenkung, ein Manöver, ut ad motus concursusque essent leviores, Nep. Iph. 1, 4.: multi per eos dies motus multique impetus hinc atque illinc facti (sunt), Liv. 3, 5, 1. – B) übtr.: 1) die sinnl. u. geistige Bewegung, Regung im Menschen, a) die sinnliche Bewegung, die Erregung, erregende Empfindung, omnes iucundum motum, quo sensus hilaretur, Graece ἡδονήν, Latine voluptatem vocant, Cic.: dulcem motum afferent, Cic. – b) die geistige Bewegung, Tätigkeit, Wirksamkeit, animorum motus voluntarii, Cic.: motus animorum duplices sunt, alteri cogitationis, alteri appetitus, Cic.: et animi————et ingenii celeres quidam motus esse debent, Herz u. Verstand müssen ihre Kräfte mit Leichtigkeit gebrauchen können, Cic. – dah. insbes., α) die leidenschaftl. Bewegung, Erregung des Gemütes, die Gemütsbewegung, Aufregung, Leidenschaft, mit Genet. animi, Cic. u.a., u. ohne animi, zB. motus turbidus (störende), Cic.: motus animi nimii, Cic.: m. mentis meae, Unruhe meines Gemütes, Cic.: irritare in alqm potentiorum motus (Leidenschaften), Sen. – β) die Tätigkeit, Wirksamkeit des Denkvermögens, Verstandes, motus iste celer cogitationis, jene schnelle Beweglichkeit der Gedanken, jener schn. Gedankenflug, Cic.: ad alqd motu animi (Verstandestätigkeit) ac ratione uti, Cic.; vgl. Halm Cic. Sest. 143. p. 314. – γ) die Tätigkeit, Regung des Begehrens u. Willens, die Bewegung, αα) der Trieb, der Antrieb, sine motu animi et cogitatione, Cic.: est (carmen) magis artis et diligentiae quam incitationis et motus, Cic.: divino od. insano motu concita, Ov. – ββ) der Beweggrund, audisti consilii mei motus, Plin. ep. 3, 4, 9. – 2) die politische Bewegung, a) im guten Sinne, die Erhebung, Italiae magnificentissimus ille motus, Cic. de domo 142. – b) im üblen Sinne, die Bewegung, die Volksbewegung, Gärung, der Auflauf, Aufstand, die Unruhen, populi, Cic.: servilis, Liv.: civicus, Hor.: magnus et implacabilis (nicht zu beschwichtigende), Tac.: hic tantus motus rerum, be-————wegte Zeit, Cic. u. Tac.: domi motus orti, Liv.: intumescente motu, Tac.: motum afferre rei publicae, Cic. – 3) die Wendung nach der einen od. anderen Seite, der Wechsel, motum (Wechsel der politischen Strömung) non tantum impendere video, quantum tu aut vides aut ad me consolandum affers, Cic.: se quoque ad motus fortunae movere coepit, sich nach den Wendungen (Wechselfällen) des Gl. zu richten, den Mantel nach dem Winde zu hängen, Caes.II) mit Rücksicht auf das Woher? A) das Hervortreiben; dah. als t. t. des Gartenbaues = der Trieb, Schuß der Pflanzen (griech. ορμή), tres esse motus in vite, seu potius in surculo, naturales: unum, quo germinet; alterum, quo floreat; tertium, quo maturescat, Colum. 4, 28, 2. – B) der Aufbruch, die Abreise, die Abfahrt, sub Aurorae primos excedere motus, Lucan. 4, 734: motus excepit futuros, Verg. Aen. 4, 297 (vgl. 299). – C) die Umwandlung, κίνησις 1) die politische, die Staatsumwälzung, Veränderung im Staate (griech. τῶν πολιτειῶν κίνησις), concussi orbis motus, Welterschütterung u. Umwälzung, Tac. hist. 1, 16: ut Persarum imperium magno motu (Stoß) concuterent magis quam affligerent, Curt. 4, 14 (54), 20. – 2) die rhetorische, u. zwar meton. = τρόπος, der umgewandte, figürliche Ausdruck, die Redewendung, der Tropus (bei Cicero immutatio verborum, immutata verba), Quint. 8, 5, 35 u. (bes.) 9, 1, 2. -
30 officio
officio, fēcī, fectum, ere (ob u. facio), I) entgegentreten, im üblen Sinne = jmdm. in den Weg treten, etwas versperren, verbauen, verlegen, hemmen, A) eig., mit Dat., alci apricanti, jmdm. vor das Sonnenlicht treten, Cic.: luminibus alcis, jmdm. das Licht versperren, -verbauen, Cic. u. ICt.: hostium itineri, dem Feinde den Marsch, Weg versperren, Sall.: cum alii in angustiis ipsi sibi officerent, einander im Wege waren, den Weg versperrten, Sall.: umbra terrae soli officiens, in den Weg tretend, Cic.: demoliri aedes, quarum altitudo officeret auspiciis, im Wege stehe, Cic.: nisi pulvis vento flatus omnium prospectu offecisset, Auct. b. Afr. – mit Acc., adversariorum iter, Auct. b. Afr.: offecti corporis sensus, Lucr. – B) übtr.: 1) im allg.: mentis tuae quasi luminibus officit altitudo fortunae meae, blendet die Augen deines Geistes, Cic.: horum concisis sententiis officit Theopompus altitudine orationis suae, verdunkelt, Cic. – 2) insbes., physisch, politisch od. geistig einer Sache im Wege-, hinderlich sein, Eintrag tun, sie beeinträchtigen (verb. officere et obstare, obstare atque officere), lactucae officiunt claritati oculorum, Plin.: officiunt laetis frugibus herbae, Verg. – libertati, Liv.: commodis alcis, Sall.: eius gloria iam imperatoris famae officiebat, überstrahlte, Liv.: u. so qui nomini (Ruf) officient meo, Liv.: ei pecuniae vita Sex. Roscii———— -
31 sānus
sānus adj. with comp. and sup. [2 SAV-], sound, whole, healthy, well: pars corporis: sensūs: Si noles sanus, curres hydropicus, H.: eo medicamento sanus factus.—Fig., of the state, sound, safe, whole, unharmed: res p.: civitas, L.—Of the mind, sound, rational, sane, sober, discreet, sensible: eos sanos intellegi necesse est, quorum mens, etc.: Satin' sanus es? in your senses? T.: mens bene, H.: vix sanae compos Mentis, O.: illum male sanum putare, of unsound mind: male sana (Dido), i. e. raving, V.: male sani poëtae, i. e. inspired, H.: excludit sanos Helicone poëtas, sober, H.: bene sanus Ac non incautus, discreet, H.: rem p. capessere hominem bene sanum non oportere: nihil pro sano facturus, i. e. rationally, Cs.: Solve senescentem sanus equum, H.: tumultu etiam sanos consternante animos, self-possessed, L.: ab illis (vitiis), i. e. free from, H.: qui sanior, ac si, etc., H.: quisquam sanissimus tam certa putat, quae videt, quam? etc.—Of style, sound, correct, sensible, sober, chaste: nihil erat in eius oratione, nisi sanum: (oratores) saniores.* * *sana, sanum ADJsound; healthy; sensible; sober; sane -
32 sermō
sermō ōnis, m [1 SER-], continued speech, talk, conversation, discourse: vis orationis est duplex, altera contentionis, altera sermonis: Multa inter sese vario sermone serebant, V.: illa cum illo sermonem occipit, T.: sermones caedimus, T.: in nostris sermonibus: longior, Cs.: familiaris et cottidianus: erat in sermone omnium: Referre sermones deorum, H.: Detinuit sermone diem, O.: sermo litterarum tuarum, conversation by correspondence with you.—A set conversation, learned talk, discourse, disputation, discussion: num sermonem vestrum aliquem diremit noster interventus?: rebus iis de quibus hic sermo est: inter nos habitus: de philosophiā, N.— An utterance, declaration, speech, remark: sermones (eius) ansas dabant, quibus reconditos eius sensūs tenere possemus: qui (voltus) sermo quidam tacitus mentis est, i. e. expression: refertur eius sermo ad Apronium: hic sermo Abdalonymi, Cu.— Ordinary speech, talk, conversational language: oratio philosophorum sermo potius quam oratio dicitur: si quis scribat, uti nos, Sermoni propiora, H.— Prose: comoedia nisi quod pede certo Differt sermoni, sermo merus, H.— Conversational verse, satire: (delectari) Bioneis sermonibus, H.: sermones Repentes per humum, H.— Common talk, report, rumor: numquam de vobis eorum gratissimus sermo conticescet: sermo totā Asiā dissipatus, Cn. Pompeium, etc.: in sermonem hominum venire: in hoc pervagato civitatis sermone versantur, this talk of the town: sermones iniquorum effugere: aliquid oratione meā sermonis in sese esse quaesitum, calumny: dabimus sermonem iis, qui, etc., occasion for talk.—A manner of speaking, mode of expression, language, style, diction: sermone eo uti, qui innatus est nobis: elegantia sermonis.— A language, speech: cives et sermonis et iuris societate iuncti: in Latino sermone: patrius, H.* * *conversation, discussion; rumor; diction; speech; talk; the word -
33 Расположение
- dispositio; positio; positura; distributio; ordinatio; caritas; locatio; situs; situatio; gratia; sensus; affectus (mentis; animi); allubentia; animus (bono animo esse in aliquem); voluntas; favor; tractus (oppidi); structura (verborum); structio;• лишиться расположения друзей - suorum voluntates alienare;
• расположение и направление стены - tractus ductusque muri;
-
34 aliqui
ălĭqui, aliqua, aliquod; plur. aliqui, aliquae, aliqua [alius-qui; v. aliquis] (the nom. fem. sing. and neutr. plur. were originally aliquae, analogous to the simple quae, from qui:I.tam quam aliquae res Verberet,
Lucr. 4, 263, and Cic. Fam. 6, 20, 2 MS.; but the adj. signif. of the word caused the change into aliqua; on the other hand, a change of the gen. and dat. fem. sing. alicujus and alicui into aliquae, Charis. 133 P., seems to have been little imitated.—Alicui, trisyl., Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 7.— Dat. and abl. plur. aliquibus, Mel. 2, 5;oftener aliquis,
Liv. 24, 42; 45, 32; Plin. 2, 12, 9, § 55; cf. aliquis), indef. adj., some, any (designating an object acc. to its properties or attributes; while by aliquis, aliquid, as subst. pron., an object is designated individually by name; cf. Jahn in his Jahrb. 1831, III. 73, and the commentators on the passages below).In opp. to a definite object:II.quod certe, si est aliqui sensus in morte praeclarorum virorum, etc.,
Cic. Sest. 62, 131 B. and K.:nisi qui deusvel casus aliqui subvenerit,
id. Fam. 16, 12, 1 iid.:si forte aliqui inter dicendum effulserit extemporalis color,
Quint. 10, 6, 5 Halm:ex hoc enim populo deligitur aliqui dux,
Cic. Rep. 1, 44, 68 B. and K.:si ab eā deus aliqui requirat,
id. Ac. Pr. 2, 7, 19 iid.:an tibi erit quaerendus anularius aliqui?
id. ib. 2, 26, 86 iid.:tertia (persona) adjungitur, quam casus aliqui aut tempus imponit,
id. Off. 1, 32, 115 iid.; so id. ib. 3, 7, 33 iid.:lapis aliqui,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 147 Zumpt:harum sententiarum quae vera sit, deus aliqui viderit,
id. Tusc. 1, 11, 23 B. and K.:aliqui talis terror,
id. ib. 4, 16, 35, and 5, 21, 62 iid.:si te dolor aliqui corporis, etc.,
id. Fam. 7, 1 iid.; and many other passages, where transcribers or editors have ignorantly substituted aliquis; cf. also Heind. ad Cic. N. D. 3, 38, 91:Ut aliqua pars laboris minuatur mihi,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 42 Fleck.:in quo aliqua significatio virtutis adpareat,
Cic. Off. 1, 15, 46 B. and K.:Cum repetes a proximo tuo rem aliquam,
Vulg. Deut. 24, 10:numquam id sine aliquā justā causā existimarem te fecisse,
Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 7:aliquae laudes, aliqua pars,
id. ib. 9, 14:aliquae mulieres,
Vulg. Luc. 8, 2: aliquod rasum argenteum, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 33:rasum aënum aliquod,
id. ib. 1, 1, 34:evadet in aliquod magnum malum,
Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 64:qui appropinquans aliquod malum metuit,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 35:esse in mentibus hominum tamquam oraculum aliquod,
id. Div. 2, 48, 100:si habuerit aliquod juramentum,
Vulg. 3 Reg. 8, 31: sive plura sunt, sive aliquod unum, or some one only, Cic. de Or, 2, 72, 292:ne aliquas suscipiam molestias,
id. Am. 13, 48; id. Off. 1, 36:necubi aut motus alicujus aut fulgor armorum fraudem detegeret,
Liv. 22, 28, 8:ne illa peregrinatio detrimentum aliquod afferret,
Nep. Att. 2, 3:me credit aliquam sibi fallaciam portare,
Ter. And. 2, 6, 1:qui alicui rei est (sc. aptus),
who is fitted for something, id. Ad. 3, 3, 4: demonstrativum genus est, quod tribuitur in alicujus certae personae laudem aut vituperationem, to the praise or blame of some particular person, Cic. Inv. 1, 7:alicui Graeculo otioso,
id. de Or. 1, 22, 102:totiens alicui chartae sua vincula dempsi,
Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 7:invenies aliquo cum percussore jacentem,
Juv. 8, 173 al. —In opp. to no, none, some:III.exorabo aliquo modo,
Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 41:ut huic malo aliquam producam moram,
Ter. And. 3, 5, 9:olim quom ita animum induxti tuum, Quod cuperes, aliquo pacto efficiundum tibi,
id. ib. 5, 3, 13 (= quoquo modo, Don.):haec enim ille aliquā ex parte habebat,
in some degree, Cic. Clu. 24 fin.; so id. Fin. 5, 14, 38, and id. Lael. 23, 86:nihil (te habere), quod aut hoc aut aliquo rei publicae statu timeas,
in any condition whatever, id. Fam. 6, 2: nec dubitare, quin aut aliquā re publicā sis futurus, qui esse debes;aut perditā, non afflictiore conditione quam ceteri,
id. ib. 6, 1 fin.:gesta res exspectatur, quam quidem aut jam esse aliquam aut appropinquare confido,
id. Fam. 12, 10, 2: intelleges te aliquid habere, quod speres;nihil quod timeas,
id. ib. 6, 2:Morbus est animi, in magno pretio habere in aliquo habenda vel in nullo,
Sen. Ep. 75, 10:quin ejus facti si non bonam, at aliquam rationem afferre soleant,
Cic. Verr. 3, 85, 195; so id. Off. 1, 11, 35:si liberos bonā aut denique aliquā re publicā perdidissent,
id. Fam. 5, 16, 3.—Pregn., some considerable:aliquod nomenque decusque,
no mean, Verg. A. 2, 89; cf. aliquis, II. C.—With non, neque, and non.. sed:IV.si non fecero ei male aliquo pacto,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 23:si haec non ad aliquos amicos conqueri vellem,
Cic. Verr. 5, 71:non vidistis aliquam similitudinem,
Vulg. Deut. 4, 15; ib. Luc. 11, 36; ib. Col. 2, 23:quod tu neque negare posses nec cum defensione aliquā confiteri,
Cic. Verr. 1, 55, 154; 4, 7, 14; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6; Caes. B. C. 1, 85, 5:neque figuras aliquas facietis vobis,
Vulg. Lev. 19, 28; ib. 2 Par. 22, 9:sceleri tuo non mentem aliquam tuam, sed fortunam populi Romani obstitisse,
Cic. Cat. 1, 6; so id. Balb. 28, 64; Tac. Or. 6.—With numerals, as in Gr. tis, and Engl. some, to express an indefinite sum or number:V.aliquos viginti dies,
some twenty days, Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 47: quadringentos aliquos milites, Cato, Orig. ap. Gell. 3, 7, 6, and Non. 187, 24:aliqua quinque folia,
Cato, R. R. 156, quoted in Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 28:introductis quibusdam septem testibus,
App. Miles. 2:tres aliqui aut quattuor,
Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 62 (cf. in Gr. es diakosious men tinas autôn apekteinan, Thuc. 3, 111; v. Sturtz, Lex. Xen. s. v. tis, and Shäfer, Appar. ad Demosth. III. p. 269).—A.. Sometimes with alius, any other (cf. aliquis, II. A.):B.quae non habent caput aut aliquam aliam partem,
Varr. L. L. 9, 46, 147:dum aliud aliquid flagiti conficiat,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 5:hoc alienum est aut cum aliā aliquā arte est commune,
Cic. de Or. 2, 9:aliusne est aliquis improbis civibus peculiaris populus,
id. Sest. 58, 125 B. and K.; id. Inv. 1, 11, 15.—With alius implied (cf. aliquis, II. B.):dubitas ire in aliquas terras,
some other lands, Cic. Cat. 1, 8:judicant aut spe aut timore aut aliquā permotione mentis,
id. de Or. 2, 42; id. Tusc. 3, 14, 30; id. Tim. 5:cum mercaturas facerent aut aliquam ob causam navigarent,
id. Verr. 5, 28, 72; id. Rep. 3, 14, 23. -
35 an
1.ăn, conj. [etym. very obscure; v. the various views adduced in Hand, I. p. 296, with which he seems dissatisfied; if it is connected with the Sanscr. anjas, = Germ. ander, = Engl. other, we may comp. the Engl. other and or with the Germ. oder, = or]. It introduces the second part of a disjunctive interrogation, or a phrase implying doubt, and thus unites in itself the signif. of aut and num or -ne, or, or whether (hence the clause with an is entirely parallel with that introduced by num, utrum, -ne, etc., while aut forms only a subdivision in the single disjunctive clause; utrum... aut—an... aut, whether... or, etc.; cf. Ochsn. Eclog. p. 150; v. also aut).I.In disjunctive interrogations.A.Direct.a.Introd. by utrum (in Engl. the introd. particle whether is now obsolete, and the interrogation is denoted simply by the order of the words):b.Utrum hac me feriam an ab laevā latus?
Plaut. Cist. 3, 10:sed utrum tu amicis hodie an inimicis tuis Daturu's cenam?
id. Ps. 3, 2, 88; id. Pers. 3, 1, 13; id. Trin. 1, 2, 138; id. Cas. 2, 4, 11:Utrum sit annon voltis?
id. Am. prol. 56:quid facies? Utrum hoc tantum crimen praetermittes an obicies?
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 30 sq.:in plebem vero Romanam utrum superbiam prius commemorem an crudelitatem?
id. Verr. 1, 122; id. Deiot. 23; id. Fam. 7, 13:Utrum enim defenditis an impugnatis plebem?
Liv. 5, 3. —And with an twice:Utrum hoc signum cupiditatis tuae an tropaeum necessitudinis atque hospitii an amoris indicium esse voluisti?
Cic. Verr. 2, 115; id. Imp. Pomp. 57 sq.; id. Rab. 21.—With an three times:Utrum res ab initio ita ducta est, an ad extremum ita perducta, an ita parva est pecunia, an is (homo) Verres, ut haec quae dixi, gratis facta esse videantur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 61; 3, 83; id. Clu. 183; Liv. 21, 10; and seven times in Cic. Dom. 56-58.—With -ne pleon. (not to be confounded with cases where utrum precedes as pron.; as Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 9):sed utrum tu masne an femina es, qui illum patrem voces?
Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 16; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 42; id. Stich. 5, 4, 26:Utrum studione id sibi habet an laudi putat Fore, si etc.,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 28:Utrum igitur tandem perspicuisne dubia aperiuntur an dubiis perspicua tolluntur?
Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67.—And affixed to utrum, but rarely:Utrumne jussi persequemur otium... an hunc laborem etc.,
Hor. Epod. 1, 7; Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 4; Quint. 12, 1, 40.—Introduced by -ne:c.quid fit? seditio tabetne an numeros augificat suos?
Enn. Trag. Rel. p. 23 Rib.:servos esne an liber?
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 186:idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?
Cic. Lig. 18; 23:custosne urbis an direptor et vexator esset Antonius?
id. Phil. 3, 27; id. Mur. 88; id. Sull. 22.—So with an twice,
Cic. Cat. 1, 28; id. Att. 16, 8;and five times,
id. Balb. 9.—Introduced by nonne:d.Nonne ad servos videtis rem publicam venturam fuisse? An mihi ipsi fuit mors aequo animo oppetenda?
Cic. Sest. 47; id. Sex. Rosc. 43 sq.; id. Dom. 26; 127.—So with an twice, Cic. Phil. 11, 36.—Introduced by num:e.si quis invidiae metus, num est vehementius severitatis invidia quam inertiae pertimescenda?
Cic. Cat. 1, 29; id. Mur. 76; id. Sest. 80:Num quid duas habetis patrias an est illa patria communis?
id. Leg. 2, 2.—Without introductory particle:B.quid igitur? haec vera an falsa sunt?
Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 95:quid enim exspectas? bellum an tabulas novas?
id. Cat. 2, 18:ipse percussit an aliis occidendum dedit?
id. Sex. Rosc. 74; id. Verr. 2, 106; id. Imp. Pomp. 53; id. Phil. 2, 27:eloquar an sileam?
Verg. A. 3, 37:auditis an me ludit amabilis Insania?
Hor. C. 3, 4, 5.—So an twice, Cic. Mil. 54;three times,
Plin. Ep. 2, 8;and six times,
Cic. Rab. 14; id. Pis. 40.—Indirect.a.Introduced by utrum:► So once only in Vulg.quid tu, malum, curas, Utrum crudum an coctum edim?
Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 16; id. Cist. 4, 2, 11; id. Bacch. 3, 4, 1; id. Mil. 2, 3, 74:quaero, si quis... utrum is clemens an inhumanissimus esse videatur,
Cic. Cat. 4, 12:agitur, utrum M. Antonio facultas detur an horum ei facere nihil liceat,
id. Phil. 5, 6; id. Sex. Rosc. 72; id. Imp. Pomp. 42; id. Verr. 1, 105.aut for an: Loquimini de me utrum bovem cujusquam tulerim aut asinum, 1 Reg. 12, 3.—And with -ne pleon.:b.res in discrimine versatur, utrum possitne se contra luxuriem parsimonia defendere an deformata cupiditati addicatur,
Cic. Quinct. 92:numquamne intelleges statuendum tibi esse, utrum illi, qui istam rem gesserunt, homicidaene sint an vindices libertatis?
id. Phil. 2, 30.—Introduced by -ne:c.Fortunāne an forte repertus,
Att. Trag. Rel. p. 159 Rib. agitur autem liberine vivamus an mortem obeamus, Cic. Phil. 11, 24; id. Verr. 4, 73; id. Mil. 16:nunc vero non id agitur, bonisne an malis moribus vivamus etc.,
Sall. C. 52, 10.—So with an three times, Cic. Or. 61.—Introduced by an:d.haud scio an malim te videri... an amicos tuos plus habuisse,
Cic. Pis. 39.—Without introd. particle:C.... vivam an moriar, nulla in me est metus,
Enn. Trag. Rel. p. 72 Rib.:vivat an mortuus sit, quis aut scit aut curat?
Cic. Phil. 13, 33; 3, 18; id. Sex. Rosc. 88; id. Red. in Sen. 14.—Sometimes the opinion of the speaker or the probability inclines to the second interrogative clause (cf. infra, II. E.). and this is made emphatic, as a corrective of the former, or rather, or on the contrary:D.ea quae dixi ad corpusne refers? an est aliquid, quod te suā sponte delectet?
Cic. Fin. 2, 33, 107:Cur sic agere voluistis? An ignoratis quod etc.,
Vulg. Gen. 44, 15.—Hence, in the comic poets, an potius:cum animo depugnat suo, Utrum itane esse mavelit ut... An ita potius ut etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 31: id. Stich. 1, 2, 18; id. Trin. 2, 2, 25:an id flagitium est, An potius hoc patri aequomst fieri, ut a me ludatur dolis?
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 94.—The first part of the interrogation is freq. not expressed, but is to be supplied from the context; in this case, an begins the interrog., or, or rather, or indeed, or perhaps (but it does not begin an absolute, i. e. not disjunctive, interrog.): De. Credam ego istuc, si esse te hilarem videro. Ar. An tu esse me tristem putas? (where nonne me hilarem esse vides? is implied), Plaut. As. 5, 1, 10: Ch. Sed Thaïs multon ante venit? Py. An abiit jam a milite? Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 7:E.An ego Ulixem obliscar umquam?
Att. Trag. Rel. p. 199 Rib.:An parum vobis est quod peccatis?
Vulg. Josh. 22, 17:est igitur aliquid, quod perturbata mens melius possit facere quam constans? an quisquam potest sine perturbatione mentis irasci?
Cic. Tusc. 4, 24, 54; cf. id. Clu. 22; id. Off. 3, 29: Debes hoc etiam rescribere, sit tibi curae Quantae conveniat Munatius; an male sarta Gratia nequiquam coit...? or is perhaps, etc., Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 31 K. and H. —So esp. in Cic., in order to make the truth of an assertion more certain, by an argumentum a minore ad majus:cur (philosophus) pecuniam magno opere desideret vel potius curet omnino? an Scythes Anacharsis potuit pro nihilo pecuniam ducere, nostrates philosophi non potuerunt?
Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 89 sq.:An vero P. Scipio T. Gracchum privatus interfecit, Catilinam vero nos consules perferemus?
id. Cat. 1, 1; so id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 14, 5, 12 Muret.; id. Fin. 1, 2, 5, ubi v. Madv.—It sometimes introduces a question suggested by the words of another: He. Mane. Non dum audisti, Demea, Quod est gravissimum? De. An quid est etiam anplius? Is there then etc., Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 21:sed ad haec, nisi molestum est, habeo quae velim. An me, inquam, nisi te audire vellem censes haec dicturum fuisse?
Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 28; 2, 22, 74; id. Tusc. 5, 26, 73; 5, 12, 35; id. Brut. 184; id. Fat. 2, 4; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 28.—It sometimes anticipates an answer to something going before: At vero si ad vitem sensus accesserit, ut appetitum quendam habeat et per se ipsa moveatur, quid facturam putas? An ea, quae per vinitorem antea consequebatur, per se ipsa curabit? shall we not say that, must we not think that etc., Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 38, ubi v. Madv.—An non. and in one word, annon (in direct questions more freq. than necne):F.isne est quem quaero an non?
Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 12:Hocine agis an non?
id. And. 1, 2, 15:Tibi ego dico an non?
id. ib. 4, 4, 23:utrum sit an non voltis?
Plaut. Am. prol. 56:utrum cetera nomina in codicem accepti et expensi digesta habes annon?
Cic. Rosc. Com. 3 al. —Also in indirect questions = necne, q. v.:abi, vise redieritne jam an non dum domum,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 4, 5:videbo utrum clamorem opere conpleverint, an non est ita,
Vulg. Gen. 18, 21; 24, 21.—An ne, usually written anne, pleon. for an.a.In direct questions:b.anne tu dicis quā ex causā vindicaveris?
Cic. Mur. 26. —In indirect questions:II.nec. aequom anne iniquom imperet, cogitabit,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 19; id. Ps. 1, 1, 122:percontarier, Utrum aurum reddat anne eat secum simul,
id. Bacch. 4, 1, 4:Nam quid ego de consulato loquar, parto vis, anue gesto?
Cic. Pis. 1, 3:cum interrogetur, tria pauca sint anne multa,
id. Ac. 2, 29:Gabinio dicam anne Pompeio, an utrique,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 57; so id. Or. 61, 206:Quid enim interest, divitias, opes, valetudinem bona dicas anne praeposita, cum etc.,
id. Fin. 4, 9, 23 Madv.; August. ap. Suet. Aug. 69 al. (for the omission of the second disjunctive clause or the particle necne representing it, v. utrum;instances of this usage in eccl. Lat. are,
Vulg. Lev. 13, 36; 14, 36; ib. Num. 11, 23 al.).—In disjunctive clauses that express doubt, or.A.Utrum stultitiā facere ego hunc an malitiā Dicam, scientem an imprudentem, incertus sum. Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 54:B.ut nescias, utrum res oratione an verba sententiis illustrentur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56:honestumne factu sit an turpe, dubitant,
id. Off. 1, 3, 9:nescio, gratulerne tibi an timeam,
id. Fam. 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 7, 5:pecuniae an famae minus parceret, haud facile discerneres,
Sall. C. 25, 3; so id. ib. 52, 10; Suet. Aug. 19; id. Tib. 10; id. Claud. 15:cognoscet de doctrinā, utrum ex Deo sit an ego a me ipso loquar,
Vulg. Joan. 7, 17; ib. Eccl. 2, 19 al.—An sometimes denotes uncertainty by itself, without a verb of doubting (dubito, dubium or incertum est, etc., vet in such cases the editors are divided between an and aut; cf. Mos. and Orell. ad Cic. Rep. 1, 12): verene hoc memoriae proditum est [p. 115] regem istum Numam Pythagorae ipsius discipulum, an certe Pythagoreum fuisse? Cic. Rep. 2, 15, where B. and K. read aut certe: Cn. Octavius est an Cn. Cornelius quidam tuus familiaris, summo genere natus, terrae filius;C.is etc.,
id. Fam. 7, 9 B. and K.:Themistocles quidem, cum ei Simonides an quis alius artem memoriae polliceretur, Oblivionis, inquit, mallem,
Simonides or some other person, id. Fin. 2, 32, 104; id. Fam. 7, 9, 3; id. Att. 1, 3, 2; 2, 7, 3; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 104.—It often stands for sive (so esp. in and after the Aug. per.):D.quod sit an non, nihil commovet analogiam,
whether this be so or not, Varr. L. L. 9, § 105 Müll.; Att. ap. Prisc. p. 677 P.; Ov. R. Am. 797:saucius an sanus, numquid tua signa reliqui,
id. F. 4, 7:Illa mihi referet, si nostri mutua curast, An minor, an toto pectore deciderim,
Tib. 3, 1, 20; Tac. A. 11, 26:sive nullam opem praevidebat inermis atque exul, seu taedio ambiguae spei an amore conjugis et liberorum,
id. ib. 14, 59.—The first disjunctive clause is freq. to be supplied from the gen. idea or an may stand for utrum—necne (cf. supra, I. D.):E.qui scis, an, quae jubeam, sine vi faciat? (vine coactus is to be supplied),
how knowest thou whether or not he will do it without compulsion? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 20:An dolo malo factum sit, ambigitur,
Cic. Tull. 23:quaesivi an misisset (periplasmata),
id. Verr. 4, 27:Vide an facile fieri tu potueris, cum etc.,
id. Fragm. B. 13, 2, 1:praebete aurem et videte an mentiar,
Vulg. Job, 6, 28: de L. Bruto fortasse dubitaverim an propter infinitum odium tyranni effrenatius in Aruntem invaserit, I might doubt whether or not, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 22, 50; id. Verr. 3, 76:Quis scit an adiciant hodiernae crastina summae Tempora di superi?
Hor. C. 4, 7, 17; Plin. Ep. 6, 21, 3; Quint. 2, 17, 38:Sine videamus an veniat Elias,
Vulg. Matt. 27, 49:tria sine dubio rursus spectanda sunt, an sit, quid sit, quale sit,
Quint. 5, 10, 53:dubium an quaesitā morte,
Tac. A. 1, 5; 6, 50; 4, 74:Multitudo an vindicatura Bessum fuerit, incertum est,
Curt. 7, 5:diu Lacedaemonii, an eum summae rei praeponerent, deliberaverunt,
Just. 6, 2, 4 et saep.—Since in such distrib. sentences expressive of doubt, the opinion of the speaker or the probability usually inclines to the second, i. e. to the clause beginning with an, the expressions haud scio an, nescio an, dubito an (the latter through all pers. and tenses), incline to an affirmative signification, I almost know, I am inclined to think, I almost think, I might say, I might assert that, etc., for perhaps, probably (hence the opinion is incorrect that an, in this situation, stands for an non; for by an non a negation of the objective clause is expressed, e. g. nescio an non beatus sit, I am almost of the opinion that he is not happy, v. infra, and cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 1, Exc. XI. p. 335 sq.; Cic. uses haud scio an eleven times in his Orations;F.nescio an, four times): atque haud scio an, quae dixit sint vera omnia,
Ter. And. 3, 2, 45:crudele gladiatorum spectaculum et inhumanum non nullis videri solet: et haud scio an ita sit, ut nunc fit,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 41; id. Fl. 26:testem non mediocrem, sed haud scio an gravissimum,
perhaps, id. Off. 3, 29:constantiam dico? nescio an melius patientiam possim dicere,
id. Lig. 9; id. Fam. 9, 19:ingens eo die res, ac nescio an maxima illo bello gesta sit,
Liv. 23, 16; Quint. 12, 11, 7 al.:si per se virtus sine fortunā ponderanda sit, dubito an Thrasybulum primum omuium ponam,
I am not certain whether I should not prefer Thrasybulus to all others, Nep. Thras. 1 Dähne:dicitur acinace stricto Darius dubitāsse an fugae dedecus honestā morte vitaret,
i. e. was almost resolved upon, Curt. 4, 5, 30:ego dubito an id improprium potius appellem,
Quint. 1, 5, 46; Gell. 1, 3 al.—Hence, a neg. objective clause must contain in this connection the words non, nemo, nullus, nihil, numquam, nusquam, etc.:dubitet an turpe non sit,
he is inclined to believe that it is not bad, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:haud scio an ne opus quidem sit, nihil umquam deesse amicis,
id. Am. 14, 51:eloquentiā quidem nescio an habuisset parem neminem,
id. Brut. 33: quod cum omnibus est faciendum tum haud scio an nemini potius quam tibi, to no one perhaps more, id. Off. 3, 2, 6:meā sententiā haud scio an nulla beatior esse possit,
id. Sen. 16; id. Leg. 1, 21:non saepe atque haud scio an numquam,
id. Or. 2, 7 al. —Sometimes the distributive clause beginning with an designates directly the opposite, the more improbable, the negative; in which case nescio an, haud scio an, etc., like the Engl. I know not whether, signify I think that not, I believe that not, etc.; hence, in the object. clause, aliquis, quisquam, ullus, etc., must stand instead of nemo, nullus, etc. (so for the most part only after Cic.): an profecturus sim, nescio, I know not (i. e. I doubt, I am not confident) whether I shall effect any thing, Sen. Ep. 25:2.opus nescio an superabile, magnum certe tractemus,
id. Q. N. 3, praef. 4; Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: haud scio an vivere nobis liceret, I know not whether we, etc., Cic. Har. Resp. 11, 22: doleo enim maximam feminam eripi oculis civitatis, nescio an aliquid simile visuris, for I know not whether they will ever see any thing of this kind, Plin. Ep. 7, 19; Val. Max. 5, 2, 9:nescio an ullum tempus jucundius exegerim,
I do not know whether I have ever passed time more pleasantly, id. 3, 1:namque huic uni contigit, quod nescio an ulli,
Nep. Timol. 1, 1; Sen. Contr. 3 praef.; Quint. 9, 4, 1:nostri quoque soloecum, soloecismum nescio an umquam dixerint,
Gell. 5, 20 al. Cf. upon this word Hand, Turs. I. pp. 296-361, and Beier, Exc. ad Cic. Am. pp. 202-238.an-, v. ambi.3.- ăn. This word appears in forsan, forsitan, and fortasse an (Att. Trag. Rel. p. 151 Rib.) or fortassan, seeming to enhance the idea of uncertainty and doubt belonging to fors, etc., and is regarded by some as the Greek conditional particle an, and indeed one of these compounds, forsitan, sometimes in the Vulgate, translates an; as, Joan. 4, 10; 5, 46; 8, 19; and in 3, Joan. 9, it still represents the various reading, an. -
36 Circa
1.circā, a later access. form for circum; not freq. before the Aug. per., esp. in Livy and Quintilian [acc. to Klotz, circa = circum ea; cf: antea, interea, postea, praeterea, etc.].I.Adv.A.( = circum, I. B.) Around, round about, all around, in the environs or neighborhood:B.gramen erat circa,
Ov. M. 3, 411:ripaeque lacusque Responsant circa,
Verg. A. 12, 757:at circa gravibus pensis affixa puella... remittat opus,
Tib. 1, 3, 87:circaque quā tumor est,
Cels. 5, 28, 3; 5, 28, 4: fluvius ab tergo; ante circaque velut ripa praeceps oram ejus omnem cingebat, Liv. 27, 18, 5; 28, 33, 2:circa Padus amnis,
id. 21, 43, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.:caligo, quam circa umidi effuderant montes,
Curt. 4, 12, 20:alibi quam Romao circaque,
Plin. 26, 1, 1, § 1; Quint. 12, prooem. § 2; Tac. A. 2, 11.—Circa esse, to be in the region around, in the neighborhood:C.ex montibus qui circa sunt,
Liv. 1, 4, 6:Tarquinium moribundum cum qui circa erant excepissent,
id. 1, 41, 1:sed non passi sunt ii, qui circa erant,
Nep. Eum. 10, 4:eversa est turris quodque circa muri erat,
Liv. 34, 29, 6:Corinthus et quae circa est regio,
Plin. 24, 9, 42, § 69; Quint. 10, 7, 16. —Also freq. without esse, in connection with a subst.:multarum circa civitatum irritatis animis,
the towns lying around, Liv. 1, 17, 4; 9, 2, 1; 27, 30, 3; 29, 29, 2;42, 64, 2: angulus muri erat in planiorem patentioremque quam cetera circa vallem vergens ( = cetera loca quae circa erant),
id. 21, 7, 5:corpora multa virūm circa,
Verg. A. 7, 535; Plin. 3, 17, 21, § 124.—Strengthened: undique circa and circa omnis ( = circum), round about, all around: frumento undique circa ex agris convecto. Liv. 42, 56, 8; 23, 19, 8;II.nam et circa omnia defecerunt,
id. 9, 23, 10:cum tam procul Romani unica spes, circa omnia hostium essent,
id. 21, 11, 12; cf. id. 9, 2, 7 Drak.:exhausto circa omni agro,
id. 31, 38, 1; 24, 3, 3; Val. Fl. 8, 2; Flor. 1, 18, 12 Duker; Quint. 9, 2, 45.—Prep. with acc.A.In space.1.( = circum, II. B.) Prop., in the region which surrounds, about, around, on the sides of:2.quam (Hennam) circa lacus lucique sunt plurimi atque laetissimi flores omni tempore anni,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107:noctu ligna contulerunt circa casam eam, in quā quiescebat,
Nep. Alcib. 10, 4:circa flumina et lacus frequens nebula est,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 3, 1:circa equum Alexandri,
Curt. 4, 15, 26:illi robur et aes triplex Circa pectus erat,
Hor. C. 1, 3, 10; id. S. 2, 6, 34:quem circa tigres jacent,
Ov. M. 3, 668.—( = circum, II. C.) Into... around, to... round about, etc. (first in Livy):3.Romulus legatos circa vicinas gentes misit,
Liv. 1, 9, 2:legatis circa duodecim populos missis,
id. 4, 23, 5; 28, 26, 11:circa domos ire,
id. 26, 13, 1; 25, 9, 2; 39, 18, 2;29, 22, 3: circa civitates missi legati,
id. 21, 49, 7 Weissenb.; 31, 3, 5; Plin. 7, 37, 37, § 123; Suet. Aug. 49; id. Ner. 28:litteris circa praefectos dimissis,
Liv. 42, 51, 1:custodes circa omnes portas missi,
id. 28, 26, 11; 26, 13, 1.—( = circum, II. D.) With the prevailing idea of neighborhood, vicinity, in the region of, near to, near by:b.Capuam et urbis circa Capuam occupare,
Cic. Agr. 1, 7, 22:circa Liternum posuit castra,
in the neighborhood of, Liv. 23, 35, 6:tabernae erant circa forum,
Quint. 6, 3, 38:circa Armeniae montes,
Curt. 5, 1, 13:Acesinen amnem,
Plin. 12, 5, 11, § 23:domum auream,
Suet. Ner. 38:sacrificantem,
id. Claud. 36.—As a less definite designation of place for in:4.Orestis liberi sedem cepere circa Lesbum insulam,
Vell. 1, 2, 5:circa Mesopotamiam subsistere,
Curt. 4, 9, 1:quod circa Syriam nascitur,
Plin. 19, 3, 16, § 46;Quint. prooem. § 20: initia statim primi libri,
id. 1, 5, 44; cf.finem,
id. 4, 3, 5:virentes campos,
Hor. C. 2, 5, 5:cum amor saeviet circa jecur,
id. ib. 1, 25, 15 (cf. Petr. 17, 8:dolor saevit in praecordiis). So esp. freq. in medic. lang.: circa faciem, nares, aures, labra,
Cels. 5, 28, 2; 5, 2, 8.—So in Livy, with names of places, approaching the more general use of later writers, v. infra, C.:quadriduum circa rupem consumptum,
Liv. 21, 37, 3:compositis circa Opuntem rebus,
id. 28, 7, 9:iisdem diebus circa Chalcidem Thoas... eandem fortunam habuit,
id. 35, 37, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf.:multos circa unam rem ambitus fecerim,
id. 27, 27, 12 Weissenb. ad loc.—( = circum, II. E.) In respect to persons who surround one (as attendants, friends, adherents, etc.), around, about:B.multa sibi opus esse, multa canibus (sarcast. for indagatoribus) suis, quos circa se haberet,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 48, § 126:ex iis trecentos juvenes inermes circa se habebat,
Liv. 29, 1, 2:omnes,
Suet. Aug. 48; id. Calig. 43:circa regem erat et Phrygum turba,
Curt. 3, 1, 17:e spadonibus, qui circa reginam erant,
id. 4, 10, 25: omne sed officium circa te semper obibat turba tui sexūs, [p. 334] Mart. 1, 91, 3:quod omnes circa te similes tui effecisti,
Plin. Pan. 83, 3.—In the language of the imperial court:circa latus alicujus agere,
to wait on, altend, Dig. 27, 1, 30.—Hence also without a verb: circa aliquem, = hoi peri tina, the attendants, companions of a person:omnibus vero circa eum gratuito aut levi fenore obstrictis,
Suet. Caes. 27; id. Dom. 9; cf. Liv. 21, 49, 7 Drak.—(Peculiar to the form circa). In time, designating nearness, proximity to a definite point of time, about (first in Livy; cf.2.circiter): postero die circa eandem horam in eundem locum rex copias admovit,
Liv. 42, 57, 10:circa eum mensem,
Plin. 9, 18, 33, § 69:lucis ortum,
Curt. 5, 3, 7:lucem,
Suet. Oth. 11:mediam noctem,
id. Claud. 2:vernum aequinoctium,
Col. 5, 6, 19:Kalendas et Idus Octobr.,
id. 5, 10, 8, 5, 10, 12; 5, 12, 2 al.; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 4; Pall. 2, 4; 2, 7 al.—With definite numbers:septimum diem,
Cels. 2, 6:undecimam horam,
Suet. Caes. 88:lustra decem,
Hor. C. 4, 1, 6; Scrib. 227.—With general designations of time:tempora illa,
Quint. 11, 3, 143:tempora Peloponnesia,
id. 12, 10, 4:Murenae Cepionisque conjurationis tempus,
Vell. 2, 93, 1:Magni Pompeii aetatem,
Plin. 33, 12, 55, § 156:mortem,
id. 11, 37, 73, § 189:initia imperii,
Suet. Claud. 7.—And in the designation of periods of time by persons who belonged to them (cf. ante):circa Demetrium Phalerea,
about the time of Demetrius Phalereus, Quint. 2, 4, 41 Spald.:Tisiam et Coraca,
id. 2, 17, 7:Philippum,
id. 12, 10, 6:Ciceronem,
Sen. Contr. 1 praef.:Attium,
Vell. 1, 17, 1.—In numerical designations, about, nearly, almost (first in Livy for the usual ad or circiter):C.ea fuere oppida circa septuaginta,
Liv. 45, 34, 6:quingentos Romanorum,
id. 27, 42, 8:decem milia Persarum,
Curt. 4, 6, 30:sestertium vicies,
Suet. Claud. 6:quartum milliarium,
id. Ner. 48:selibram,
Cels. 4, 19:singulas heminas,
id. 7, 15.—(Also peculiar to the form circa, and only in post-Aug. prose; esp. freq. in Quint., occurring more than seventy times.) Trop. for the designation of an object about which, as if it were a centre, any thing moves, is done, etc., around, about, in, in respect to, etc.; depending upon substt., adjj., or verbs.1.Upon substantives:2.circa eosdem sensus certamen atque aemulatio,
Quint. 10, 5, 5:circa S litteram deliciae,
id. 1, 11, 6:verba dissensio,
id. 3, 11, 5:memoriam suam vanitas atque jactatio,
id. 11, 2, 22:hoc opiniones,
id. 2, 15, 1;Plin 8, 16, 19, § 48: quem pugna est,
Quint. 8, 6, 1; 7, 1, 15:voces inani studio,
id. 8, prooem §18 et saep: rura sermo,
Plin. 18, 1, 1, § 5:classicum brevis et expeditus labor,
Plin. Ep 3, 9, 13:hospitia nullum fastidium,
id. Pan. 20, 3:publica circa bonas artes socordia,
Tac. A. 11, 15:principem novo exemplo, i. e. in principe,
Suet. Claud. 14.—Upon adjectives:3.non circa plurium artium species praestantem, sed in omnibus eminentissimum,
Quint. 12, 10, 12:jus nostrum attentior,
id. 4, 5, 21:studia mentis erectae,
id. 1, 3, 10:lites raras ridiculi,
id. 7, 1, 43:praecepta utiles sententiae,
id. 10, 1, 52; 6, 1, 42 al.:corporis curam morosior,
Suet. Caes. 45:victum indifferens,
id. ib. 53:deos ac religiones neglegentior,
id. Tib. 69:administrationem imperii vacuus,
id. Dom. 3 al.:summa scelera distentum,
Tac. A. 16, 8 fin.:adfectationem Germanicae originis ultro ambitiosi,
id. G. 28:excessus otiosus,
id. Or. 22:se animati,
Just. 14, 1, 3 al. —Upon verbs facetum quoque non tantum circa ridicula opinor consistere, Quint. 6, 3, 19:► Circa very rarely follows its case:hoc disputatum est,
id. 1, 5, 34:priores erratur,
id. 2, 5, 26:formas litterarum haerere,
id. 1, 1, 21, cf. id. 5, 10, 114; Suet. Aug. 71. res tenues morari, Quint 1, 1, 35:consilium elegendi successoris in duas factiones scindebantur,
Tac. H. 1, 13:Medeam, Thyestem (tragoedias) tempus consumas,
id. Or. 3:successorem omnia ordinari,
Suet. Claud. 45:ceremonias, item circa omnium ordinum statum quaedam correxit,
id. ib. 22.quem circa,
Cic.Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107; Ov. A. A. 2, 577; id..3, 668; cf. circum, II. fin.2.Circa, ae, v. Circe. -
37 circa
1.circā, a later access. form for circum; not freq. before the Aug. per., esp. in Livy and Quintilian [acc. to Klotz, circa = circum ea; cf: antea, interea, postea, praeterea, etc.].I.Adv.A.( = circum, I. B.) Around, round about, all around, in the environs or neighborhood:B.gramen erat circa,
Ov. M. 3, 411:ripaeque lacusque Responsant circa,
Verg. A. 12, 757:at circa gravibus pensis affixa puella... remittat opus,
Tib. 1, 3, 87:circaque quā tumor est,
Cels. 5, 28, 3; 5, 28, 4: fluvius ab tergo; ante circaque velut ripa praeceps oram ejus omnem cingebat, Liv. 27, 18, 5; 28, 33, 2:circa Padus amnis,
id. 21, 43, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.:caligo, quam circa umidi effuderant montes,
Curt. 4, 12, 20:alibi quam Romao circaque,
Plin. 26, 1, 1, § 1; Quint. 12, prooem. § 2; Tac. A. 2, 11.—Circa esse, to be in the region around, in the neighborhood:C.ex montibus qui circa sunt,
Liv. 1, 4, 6:Tarquinium moribundum cum qui circa erant excepissent,
id. 1, 41, 1:sed non passi sunt ii, qui circa erant,
Nep. Eum. 10, 4:eversa est turris quodque circa muri erat,
Liv. 34, 29, 6:Corinthus et quae circa est regio,
Plin. 24, 9, 42, § 69; Quint. 10, 7, 16. —Also freq. without esse, in connection with a subst.:multarum circa civitatum irritatis animis,
the towns lying around, Liv. 1, 17, 4; 9, 2, 1; 27, 30, 3; 29, 29, 2;42, 64, 2: angulus muri erat in planiorem patentioremque quam cetera circa vallem vergens ( = cetera loca quae circa erant),
id. 21, 7, 5:corpora multa virūm circa,
Verg. A. 7, 535; Plin. 3, 17, 21, § 124.—Strengthened: undique circa and circa omnis ( = circum), round about, all around: frumento undique circa ex agris convecto. Liv. 42, 56, 8; 23, 19, 8;II.nam et circa omnia defecerunt,
id. 9, 23, 10:cum tam procul Romani unica spes, circa omnia hostium essent,
id. 21, 11, 12; cf. id. 9, 2, 7 Drak.:exhausto circa omni agro,
id. 31, 38, 1; 24, 3, 3; Val. Fl. 8, 2; Flor. 1, 18, 12 Duker; Quint. 9, 2, 45.—Prep. with acc.A.In space.1.( = circum, II. B.) Prop., in the region which surrounds, about, around, on the sides of:2.quam (Hennam) circa lacus lucique sunt plurimi atque laetissimi flores omni tempore anni,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107:noctu ligna contulerunt circa casam eam, in quā quiescebat,
Nep. Alcib. 10, 4:circa flumina et lacus frequens nebula est,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 3, 1:circa equum Alexandri,
Curt. 4, 15, 26:illi robur et aes triplex Circa pectus erat,
Hor. C. 1, 3, 10; id. S. 2, 6, 34:quem circa tigres jacent,
Ov. M. 3, 668.—( = circum, II. C.) Into... around, to... round about, etc. (first in Livy):3.Romulus legatos circa vicinas gentes misit,
Liv. 1, 9, 2:legatis circa duodecim populos missis,
id. 4, 23, 5; 28, 26, 11:circa domos ire,
id. 26, 13, 1; 25, 9, 2; 39, 18, 2;29, 22, 3: circa civitates missi legati,
id. 21, 49, 7 Weissenb.; 31, 3, 5; Plin. 7, 37, 37, § 123; Suet. Aug. 49; id. Ner. 28:litteris circa praefectos dimissis,
Liv. 42, 51, 1:custodes circa omnes portas missi,
id. 28, 26, 11; 26, 13, 1.—( = circum, II. D.) With the prevailing idea of neighborhood, vicinity, in the region of, near to, near by:b.Capuam et urbis circa Capuam occupare,
Cic. Agr. 1, 7, 22:circa Liternum posuit castra,
in the neighborhood of, Liv. 23, 35, 6:tabernae erant circa forum,
Quint. 6, 3, 38:circa Armeniae montes,
Curt. 5, 1, 13:Acesinen amnem,
Plin. 12, 5, 11, § 23:domum auream,
Suet. Ner. 38:sacrificantem,
id. Claud. 36.—As a less definite designation of place for in:4.Orestis liberi sedem cepere circa Lesbum insulam,
Vell. 1, 2, 5:circa Mesopotamiam subsistere,
Curt. 4, 9, 1:quod circa Syriam nascitur,
Plin. 19, 3, 16, § 46;Quint. prooem. § 20: initia statim primi libri,
id. 1, 5, 44; cf.finem,
id. 4, 3, 5:virentes campos,
Hor. C. 2, 5, 5:cum amor saeviet circa jecur,
id. ib. 1, 25, 15 (cf. Petr. 17, 8:dolor saevit in praecordiis). So esp. freq. in medic. lang.: circa faciem, nares, aures, labra,
Cels. 5, 28, 2; 5, 2, 8.—So in Livy, with names of places, approaching the more general use of later writers, v. infra, C.:quadriduum circa rupem consumptum,
Liv. 21, 37, 3:compositis circa Opuntem rebus,
id. 28, 7, 9:iisdem diebus circa Chalcidem Thoas... eandem fortunam habuit,
id. 35, 37, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf.:multos circa unam rem ambitus fecerim,
id. 27, 27, 12 Weissenb. ad loc.—( = circum, II. E.) In respect to persons who surround one (as attendants, friends, adherents, etc.), around, about:B.multa sibi opus esse, multa canibus (sarcast. for indagatoribus) suis, quos circa se haberet,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 48, § 126:ex iis trecentos juvenes inermes circa se habebat,
Liv. 29, 1, 2:omnes,
Suet. Aug. 48; id. Calig. 43:circa regem erat et Phrygum turba,
Curt. 3, 1, 17:e spadonibus, qui circa reginam erant,
id. 4, 10, 25: omne sed officium circa te semper obibat turba tui sexūs, [p. 334] Mart. 1, 91, 3:quod omnes circa te similes tui effecisti,
Plin. Pan. 83, 3.—In the language of the imperial court:circa latus alicujus agere,
to wait on, altend, Dig. 27, 1, 30.—Hence also without a verb: circa aliquem, = hoi peri tina, the attendants, companions of a person:omnibus vero circa eum gratuito aut levi fenore obstrictis,
Suet. Caes. 27; id. Dom. 9; cf. Liv. 21, 49, 7 Drak.—(Peculiar to the form circa). In time, designating nearness, proximity to a definite point of time, about (first in Livy; cf.2.circiter): postero die circa eandem horam in eundem locum rex copias admovit,
Liv. 42, 57, 10:circa eum mensem,
Plin. 9, 18, 33, § 69:lucis ortum,
Curt. 5, 3, 7:lucem,
Suet. Oth. 11:mediam noctem,
id. Claud. 2:vernum aequinoctium,
Col. 5, 6, 19:Kalendas et Idus Octobr.,
id. 5, 10, 8, 5, 10, 12; 5, 12, 2 al.; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 4; Pall. 2, 4; 2, 7 al.—With definite numbers:septimum diem,
Cels. 2, 6:undecimam horam,
Suet. Caes. 88:lustra decem,
Hor. C. 4, 1, 6; Scrib. 227.—With general designations of time:tempora illa,
Quint. 11, 3, 143:tempora Peloponnesia,
id. 12, 10, 4:Murenae Cepionisque conjurationis tempus,
Vell. 2, 93, 1:Magni Pompeii aetatem,
Plin. 33, 12, 55, § 156:mortem,
id. 11, 37, 73, § 189:initia imperii,
Suet. Claud. 7.—And in the designation of periods of time by persons who belonged to them (cf. ante):circa Demetrium Phalerea,
about the time of Demetrius Phalereus, Quint. 2, 4, 41 Spald.:Tisiam et Coraca,
id. 2, 17, 7:Philippum,
id. 12, 10, 6:Ciceronem,
Sen. Contr. 1 praef.:Attium,
Vell. 1, 17, 1.—In numerical designations, about, nearly, almost (first in Livy for the usual ad or circiter):C.ea fuere oppida circa septuaginta,
Liv. 45, 34, 6:quingentos Romanorum,
id. 27, 42, 8:decem milia Persarum,
Curt. 4, 6, 30:sestertium vicies,
Suet. Claud. 6:quartum milliarium,
id. Ner. 48:selibram,
Cels. 4, 19:singulas heminas,
id. 7, 15.—(Also peculiar to the form circa, and only in post-Aug. prose; esp. freq. in Quint., occurring more than seventy times.) Trop. for the designation of an object about which, as if it were a centre, any thing moves, is done, etc., around, about, in, in respect to, etc.; depending upon substt., adjj., or verbs.1.Upon substantives:2.circa eosdem sensus certamen atque aemulatio,
Quint. 10, 5, 5:circa S litteram deliciae,
id. 1, 11, 6:verba dissensio,
id. 3, 11, 5:memoriam suam vanitas atque jactatio,
id. 11, 2, 22:hoc opiniones,
id. 2, 15, 1;Plin 8, 16, 19, § 48: quem pugna est,
Quint. 8, 6, 1; 7, 1, 15:voces inani studio,
id. 8, prooem §18 et saep: rura sermo,
Plin. 18, 1, 1, § 5:classicum brevis et expeditus labor,
Plin. Ep 3, 9, 13:hospitia nullum fastidium,
id. Pan. 20, 3:publica circa bonas artes socordia,
Tac. A. 11, 15:principem novo exemplo, i. e. in principe,
Suet. Claud. 14.—Upon adjectives:3.non circa plurium artium species praestantem, sed in omnibus eminentissimum,
Quint. 12, 10, 12:jus nostrum attentior,
id. 4, 5, 21:studia mentis erectae,
id. 1, 3, 10:lites raras ridiculi,
id. 7, 1, 43:praecepta utiles sententiae,
id. 10, 1, 52; 6, 1, 42 al.:corporis curam morosior,
Suet. Caes. 45:victum indifferens,
id. ib. 53:deos ac religiones neglegentior,
id. Tib. 69:administrationem imperii vacuus,
id. Dom. 3 al.:summa scelera distentum,
Tac. A. 16, 8 fin.:adfectationem Germanicae originis ultro ambitiosi,
id. G. 28:excessus otiosus,
id. Or. 22:se animati,
Just. 14, 1, 3 al. —Upon verbs facetum quoque non tantum circa ridicula opinor consistere, Quint. 6, 3, 19:► Circa very rarely follows its case:hoc disputatum est,
id. 1, 5, 34:priores erratur,
id. 2, 5, 26:formas litterarum haerere,
id. 1, 1, 21, cf. id. 5, 10, 114; Suet. Aug. 71. res tenues morari, Quint 1, 1, 35:consilium elegendi successoris in duas factiones scindebantur,
Tac. H. 1, 13:Medeam, Thyestem (tragoedias) tempus consumas,
id. Or. 3:successorem omnia ordinari,
Suet. Claud. 45:ceremonias, item circa omnium ordinum statum quaedam correxit,
id. ib. 22.quem circa,
Cic.Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107; Ov. A. A. 2, 577; id..3, 668; cf. circum, II. fin.2.Circa, ae, v. Circe. -
38 hebesco
I.Lit.:II.acumina (gladiorum) densis ictibus hebescebant,
Amm. 16, 12, 54:hebescunt sensus, membra torpent,
Plin. 7, 50, 51, § 168:hebescebant (oculi),
Suet. Tib. 68:berylli hebescunt,
Plin. 37, 5, 20, § 76:hebescere sidera,
Tac. A. 1, 30:hebescere dextras,
Sil. 8, 19.—Trop.:sic mentis acies se ipsam intuens nonnumquam hebescit,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 73; cf.:nos vicesimum jam diem patimur hebescere aciem horum auctoritatis,
id. Cat. 1, 2, 4:nosmetipsos hebescere et languere nolumus,
id. Ac. 2, 2, 6; cf.:illi per fastidium et contumaciam hebescunt,
Tac. H. 2, 77:hebescere virtus, paupertas probro haberi coepit,
Sall. C. 12, 1. -
39 igitur
ĭgĭtur, conj. [pronom. stem i- of is; suffix -ha (-dha); Gr. -tha; Sanscr. -iha, here; -tur, = -tus (Sanscr. -tas), as in penitus, antiquitus, etc., from thence], introduces an inference or deduction, then, therefore, thereupon, accordingly, in these circumstances (in class. prose usu. placed after the first word of the clause; cf. below, III.; syn.: itaque, ergo; cf.: eo, ideo, idcirco, propterea; quamobrem, quare, etc.).I.In gen. (rare):II.SI. IN. IVS. VOCAT. NI. IT. ANTESTATOR. IGITVR EM. CAPITO, Fragm. XII. Tab.: mox magis, cum otium mihi et tibi erit, igitur tecum loquar,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 39:quando habebo, igitur rationem mearum fabricarum dabo,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 177; id. Bacch. 3, 4, 17:cetera consimili mentis ratione peragrans, Invenies igitur multarum semina rerum Corpore celare, etc.,
Lucr. 2, 677.—In partic.A.Pleon., with tum, deinde, or demum, then at length, then certainly, then first:B.ubi emeritum'st stipendium, igitur tum Specimen cernitur, quo eveniat aedificatio,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 51:tum igitur tibi aquae erit cupido,
id. Trin. 3, 2, 50:igitur tum accedam hunc, quando quid agam invenero,
id. Most. 3, 1, 159:post id igitur deinde faciam palam,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 29:miserumst opus, igitur demum fodere puteum, ubi sitis fauces tenet,
id. Most. 2, 1, 32:igitur demum omnes scient quae facta,
id. Am. 1, 2, 11; 1, 1, 145:post igitur demum faciam ut res flat palam,
id. ib. 3, 1, 16:demum igitur, quom seis jam senex, tum in otium te conloces, etc.,
id. Merc. 3, 2, 9.—In drawing a logical conclusion (but not with et, atque, que; v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 540), therefore, accordingly, consequently: St. Ligna hic apud nos nulla sunt. Co. Sunt asseres. St. Sunt pol. Co. Sunt igitur ligna, Plaut. Aul. 2, 6, 8:C.si enim est aliquid in rerum natura, quod hominis mens, quod ratio, quod vis, quod potestas humana efficere non possit, est certe id, quod illud efficit, homine melius. Atqui res caelestes omnesque eae, quarum est ordo sempiternus, ab homine confici non possunt. Est igitur id, quo illa conficiuntur, homine melius,
Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 16: quid ergo haec ab illa conclusione differt, Si mentiris, mentiris;mentiris autem, mentiris igitur?
id. Ac. 2, 30, 96; id. Tusc. 4, 17, 40: quodsi melius geruntur, quae consilio, quam quae sine consilio administrantur;nihil autem omnium rerum melius quam omnis mundus administratur: consilio igitur mundus administratur, Quint 5, 14, 9: quod cum ita sit, certe nec secerni nec dividi nec discerpi nec distrahi potest, ne interire quidem igitur,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; cf. id. ib. 1, 34, 82; 1, 36, 88: sequitur, ut nihil paeniteat, nihil desit, nihil obstet: ergo omnia profluenter, absolute, prospere;igitur beate,
id. ib. 5, 18, 53; so,corresp. with ergo,
id. Lael. 14 fin., and 15 init.:atqui falsum quod est, id percipi non potest, ut vobismet ipsis placet. Si igitur memoria perceptarum comprehensarumque rerum est: omnia, etc.,
id. Fin. 2, 33, 106.—In consecutive interrogations, then:D.dolor igitur, id est summum malum, metuetur semper, etiam si non aderit: jam enim adesse poterit. Qui potest igitur habitare in beata vita summi mali metus?
Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 92; cf.:utrum igitur hactenus satis est?
id. Top. 4, 25:in quo igitur loco est? credo equidem in capite,
id. Tusc. 1, 29, 70:ubi igitur locus fuit errori deorum?
id. N. D. 3, 31, 76:possumusne igitur in Antonii latrocinio aeque esse tuti?
id. Phil. 12, 12, 27; cf.:totiesne igitur sententiam mutas?
id. Att. 8, 14, 2:cur has igitur sibi tam graves leges imposuerit, cum? etc.,
id. Ac. 2, 8, 23.—In ironical or sarcastic interrog. clauses:igitur hocine est amare? arare mavelim quam sic amare,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 20:dicet aliquis: Haec igitur est tua disciplina? sic tu instituis adulescentes?
Cic. Cael. 17, 39; id. Fam. 9, 10, 2:id indigne ferens ille: Hunc igitur, regem agnoscimus, inquit?
Curt. 6, 11, 23:quin igitur ulciscimur Graeciam et urbi faces subdimus?
id. 5, 7, 4; cf. id. 10, 6, 23.—In resuming an interrupted thought:E.cum Q. Metellus L. F. causam de pecuniis repetundis diceret, ille, ille vir, cui patriae salus dulcior quam conspectus fuit, qui de civitate decedere quam de sententia maluit: hoc igitur causam dicente, cum, etc.,
Cic. Balb. 5, 11; id. Off. 1, 2, 6; id. Tusc. 1, 13, 30; id. Brut. 48, 177 al.—Esp. after a parenthesis: recta effectio (katorthôsin enim ita appello, quoniam rectum factum katorthôma) recta igitur effectio crescendi accessionem nullam habet, Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 45; 2, 22, 74:scripsi etiam (nam etiam ab orationibus dijungo me fere, etc.) scripsi igitur Aristotelio more, etc.,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:tu enim sapienter (nunc demum enim rescribo iis litteris, quas mihi misisti convento Antonio Tiburi) sapienter igitur, quod manus dedisti, etc.,
id. Att. 16, 3, 1:rerum autem cognitiones (quas vel comprehensiones vel perceptiones appellemus licet) has igitur ipsas propter se asciscendas arbitramur,
id. Fin. 3, 5, 18; 2, 33, 107; 4, 14, 38; Sall. C. 54 init.; Curt. 3, 2, 2; Nep. Thras. 4, 3.—In emphatically repeating a word or thought:F.quae mihi omnia grata sunt, de L. Mescinio gratissimum... id igitur—puto enim etiam atque etiam mihi dicendum esse—velim existimes mihi te fecisse gratissimum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 28 a, 1:ea vis, ea igitur ipsa, quae, etc.,
id. Mil. 31, 84.—In returning to or summing up a preceding train of thought, I say then, so then, as I was saying, in short: ut cum videmus speciem primum candoremque caeli;G.deinde conversionis celeritatem tantam, quantam, etc.... tum vicissitudines dierum ac noctium... tum globum terrae eminentem e mari... tum multitudinem pecudum... hominemque ipsum... atque hominis utilitati agros omnes ac maria parentia: haec igitur et alia innumerabilia cum cernimus, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 70; id. Cat. 4, 11, 23; id. Fam. 13, 1, 3; id. de Or. 2, 25, 105 al.—To introduce a special amplification of a thought previously introduced in general terms, then:III.de hominibus dici non necesse est. Tribus igitur modis video, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 66; id. Brut. 32, 122:quoniam pluribus modis accipi solet, non equidem in omnes eam particulas secabo, sed maxime necessarias attingam. Est igitur unum genus, etc.,
Quint. 8, 3, 63:ut igitur ante meridiem discesserunt, etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 5, 17:sit igitur (ut supra significavi) divisio rerum plurium in singulas, partitio singularum in partes discretus ordo,
Quint. 7, 1. 1:prima est igitur amplificandi vel minuendi species,
id. 8, 4, 1 (v. also III. A. below).—Position.A.Sometimes igitur begins a sentence (in Cic. only in sense last described, II. E. above; freq. in Sall., Tac., Curt., and Liv.;B.v. Zumpt, Gram. § 357): nunc juris principia videamus. Igitur doctissimis viris proficisci placuit a lege, etc.,
Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18:igitur his genus, aetas, eloquentia prope aequalia fuere,
Sall. C. 54, 1; 46, 3; Quint. 1, 1, 1: de quo, quia nunc primum oblatus est, pauca repetam:nam et ipse pars Romanarum cladium erit. Igitur matre libertina ortus, etc.,
Tac. A. 15, 72; 1, 31.—Igitur is sometimes placed after several words:referamus nos igitur ad eum quem volumus incohandum,
Cic. Or. 9, 33:eamne rationem igitur sequare?
id. Fin. 2, 23, 76:quid dicis igitur?
id. Tusc. 1, 6, 12; cf.:quid me igitur mones?
id. Div. 2, 64, 132:paria sunt igitur,
id. Fin. 4, 27, 75; cf.:videndum est igitur,
id. Off. 1, 14, 43:hujus quoque igitur criminis, te accusante, mentio nulla fiet,
id. Div. in Caecil. 10, 32:huic homini parcetis igitur?
id. Verr. 2, 1, 32, § 81:in hominem dicendum est igitur,
id. Fl. 10, 23:hi autem non sunt: ne Nymphae quidem deae igitur?
id. N. D. 3, 17, 43; cf.:ne in animo quidem igitur sensus remanet,
id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82:ille mihi videtur igitur vere augurari,
id. Div. 1, 15, 27:quae est melior igitur in hominum genere natura?
id. Tusc. 1, 14, 32:quid tibi negoti est meae domi igitur?
Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 63. -
40 satelles
sătellĕs, ĭtis, comm., an attendant upon a distinguished person, esp. a prince, a lifeguard; in plur., attendants, escort, train, retinue (class.; syn.: stipator, apparitor, accensus).I.Lit.:B.regii satellites,
Liv. 2, 12; 34, 36 fin.; cf. Quint. 7, 2, 54:administri et satellites Sex. Naevii,
Cic. Quint. 25, 80 (cf. infra, II.):habet sectatores vel potius satellites, qui, etc.,
Tac. A. 16, 22:contumeliosum foret, si equites Romani satellites Numidae traderentur,
Sall. J. 65, 2:Sullae,
id. H. 1, 41, 2 Dietsch; cf. Liv. 34, 41:sequimini satellites,
Plaut. Mil. 1, 78:aurum per medios ire satellites... amat,
Hor. C. 3, 16, 9:ne posset adire, Cursus equi fecit circumfususque satelles,
Ov. M. 14, 354:Caesaris,
Tac. A. 2, 45:Sejani,
id. ib. 6, 3 et saep.:Hannibalis,
followers, satellites, Liv. 23, 12; 25, 28.—Transf. (mostly poet.), of attendants analog. to the preceding: Jovis pinnata satelles, i. e. the eagle, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 47, 106; id. Tusc. 2, 10, 24: Noctis, i. e. the evening-star, id. poët. ap. Non. 65, 10:II.Orci,
i. e. Charon, Hor. C. 2, 18, 34: Neptuni, storms, etc., Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 14.—Of the attendants of the queen-bee, Plin. 11, 17, 17, § 53.—Of Orion, as Diana's attendant, Ov. F. 5, 538. —Trop., an assistant, attendant:hominem natura non solum celeritate mentis ornavit, sed etiam sensus tamquam satellites attribuit ac nuncios,
Cic. Leg. 1, 9, 26:virtutis verae custos rigidusque satelles,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 17.—In Cicero more freq. in a bad sense, an assistant in crime, an accomplice, partner, abettor, etc.:stipatores corporis constituit, eosdem ministros et satellites potestatis,
Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 32:satellites scelerum, ministros cupiditatum,
id. Prov. Cons. 3, 5:C. Mallium, audaciae satellitem atque administrum tuae,
id. Cat. 1, 3, 7:voluptatum satellites et ministras,
id. Fin. 2, 12, 37; cf.(opp. dominatrix),
id. Inv. 1, 2, 2.
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