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1 relieve
relieve [rɪˈli:v]a. [+ person] soulager• to feel/look relieved se sentir/avoir l'air soulagé• to be relieved that... être soulagé que... + subj• the new road relieves congestion in the town centre la nouvelle route décongestionne le centre-ville• to relieve o.s. ( = urinate) se soulagerc. ( = help) secourird. ( = take over from) relayer* * *[rɪ'liːv] 1.transitive verb1) soulager [pain, suffering, tension]; dissiper [boredom]; remédier à [poverty, famine]; alléger [debt]; rompre [monotony]to be relieved that — être soulagé que (+ subj)
to be relieved at — être soulagé par [news, results]
to relieve congestion — Medicine, Automobile décongestionner
2)to relieve somebody of — débarrasser quelqu'un de [plate, coat]; soulager quelqu'un de [burden]
3) ( help) venir en aide à, secourir [troops, population]4) relever [worker, sentry]5) Military délivrer [town]2.to relieve oneself — euph se soulager euph
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2 relieve
relieve [rɪ'li:v]∎ the good news relieved her of her anxiety la bonne nouvelle a dissipé ses inquiétudes;∎ the darkness of the room was relieved only by the firelight la pièce n'était éclairée que par la lueur du feu;∎ they relieved the monotony of the evening by playing cards pour briser la monotonie de la soirée, ils ont joué aux cartes;∎ black dress relieved by or with white lace robe noire agrémentée de dentelle blanche∎ to relieve sb of sth soulager ou débarrasser qn de qch;∎ he relieved her of her suitcase/coat il l'a débarrassée de sa valise/de son manteau;∎ to relieve sb of a burden soulager qn d'un fardeau;∎ humorous to relieve sb of their wallet délester qn de son portefeuille;∎ to relieve sb of an obligation décharger ou dégager qn d'une obligation;∎ to relieve sb of his/her duties or position relever qn de ses fonctions(d) (aid → population, refugees, country) secourir, venir en aide à∎ to relieve oneself se soulager -
3 relieve
[-v]1) (to lessen or stop (pain, worry etc): The doctor gave him some drugs to relieve the pain; to relieve the hardship of the refugees.) soulager2) (to take over a job or task from: You guard the door first, and I'll relieve you in two hours.) relayer3) (to dismiss (a person) from his job or position: He was relieved of his post/duties.) relever (de)4) (to take (something heavy, difficult etc) from someone: May I relieve you of that heavy case?; The new gardener relieved the old man of the burden of cutting the grass.) débarrasser de5) (to come to the help of (a town etc which is under siege or attack).) secourir -
4 scratch
scratch [skræt∫]1. noun• we've only managed to scratch the surface of the problem nous n'avons fait qu'effleurer le problème• to scratch o.s. se gratterc. [+ meeting, match] annuler ; (Computing) effacer ; [+ competitor] scratcher ; (US) [+ candidate] rayer de la liste4. compounds* * *[skrætʃ] 1.1) ( wound) gen égratignure f; (from a claw, fingernail) griffure f2) (on metal, furniture) éraflure f; (on record, disc, glass) rayure f3) ( to relieve an itch)4) ( sound) grattement m5) (colloq)he/his work is not up to scratch — il/son travail n'est pas à la hauteur
6) ( zero)7) Sport2.adjective [team] de fortune; [meal] improvisé3.transitive verb1) ( cancel) supprimer; effacer [file]2) ( trace)3) [cat, person] griffer; [thorns, rosebush] égratigner4) ( react to itch) gratterto scratch one's head — lit se gratter la tête; fig être perplexe
5) ( damage) gen érafler; rayer [record]; [cat] se faire les griffes sur [furniture]6) Sport retirer, scratcher4.1) ( relieve itch) se gratter2) ( inflict injury) griffer5.Phrasal Verbs:•• -
5 scratch
scratch [skrætʃ]1 noun(a) (action → to relieve itch) grattement m; (wound → with fingernail) coup m d'ongle; (→ with claw) coup m de griffe;∎ to have a scratch se gratter;∎ could you give my back a scratch? tu peux me gratter le dos?;∎ the dog was having a good scratch le chien se grattait un bon coup(b) (wound → from thorns, nail) égratignure f, écorchure f; (→ made by claw) griffure f; (mark → on furniture) rayure f, éraflure f; (→ on glass, record) rayure f;∎ how did you get that scratch? comment est-ce que tu t'es égratigné?;∎ I've got a scratch on my hand je me suis égratigné la main;∎ her hands were covered in scratches elle avait les mains tout écorchées ou couvertes d'égratignures;∎ it's only a scratch ce n'est qu'une égratignure;∎ we escaped without a scratch on s'en est sorti sans une égratignure∎ to play off scratch être scratch(d) (sound → of pen on paper) grincement m∎ to start from scratch partir de rien ou de zéro; (restart) repartir à zéro;∎ to build a house from scratch construire une maison de bout en bout;∎ she built the business up from scratch elle a monté l'affaire à partir de rien;∎ I learnt Italian from scratch in six months j'ai appris l'italien en six mois en partant de zéro;∎ to be up to scratch être à la hauteur;∎ her work still isn't up to scratch son travail n'est toujours pas satisfaisant ou à la hauteur;∎ their performance wasn't up to or didn't come up to scratch leur performance n'était pas suffisante ou à la hauteur;∎ we must get the team up to scratch before April il faut mettre l'équipe à niveau avant avril(a) (team, meal) improvisé(a) (rub → itch, rash) gratter;∎ to scratch one's head se gratter la tête;∎ figurative you scratch my back, and I'll scratch yours donnant donnant∎ the cat scratched my hand le chat m'a griffé la main;∎ she scratched her hand on the brambles elle s'est écorché ou égratigné la main dans les ronces;∎ he was badly scratched il était tout écorché∎ the car's hardly scratched la voiture n'a presque rien ou n'a pratiquement aucune éraflure;∎ the paintwork's badly scratched la peinture est sérieusement éraflée;∎ someone has scratched their initials on the tree quelqu'un a gravé ses initiales sur l'arbre;∎ she quickly scratched a few notes on her pad elle griffonna rapidement quelques notes sur son calepin;∎ figurative you've barely scratched the surface vous avez fait un travail très superficiel, vous avez seulement effleuré la question;∎ figurative scratch any patriot and you will invariably find a bigot si l'on gratte un peu, on trouve un fanatique derrière chaque patriote;∎ British figurative they scratch a living selling secondhand books ils gagnent péniblement leur vie en vendant des livres d'occasion(d) (of bird, animal → ground) gratter(e) (irritate) gratter;∎ this wool scratches my skin cette laine me gratte la peau(f) (cancel → meeting, match) annuler;∎ (withdraw) to scratch sb off or from a list rayer ou biffer qn d'une liste;∎ to scratch sb from a team exclure qn d'une équipe;∎ Horseracing to scratch a horse déclarer forfait pour un cheval; (stewards) scratcher un cheval(a) (person, animal → to relieve itch) se gratter;∎ stop scratching arrête de te gratter(b) (bird → in ground) gratter;∎ I could hear something scratching at the door j'entendais quelque chose gratter à la porte, j'entendais un grattement à la porteAmerican scratch paper (papier m) brouillon m;American scratch sheet (for horse races) journal m des courses;Medicine scratch test test m cutané;scratch video scratch vidéo menlever en grattant(word) raturer;∎ to scratch sb's eyes out arracher les yeux à qnBritish (team) réunir (difficilement); (sum of money) réunir ou rassembler (en raclant les fonds de tiroir)(a) (dig up → bone, plant) déterrer -
6 ease
ease [i:z]1. nounfacilité f• ease of reference/access facilité f de consultation/d'accèsa. ( = relieve) [+ pain, suffering] soulager ; [+ pressure, tension] diminuer ; [+ restrictions] assouplir ; [+ shortage] pallierb. ( = make easier) faciliterc. ( = move gently) he eased himself into the chair il s'est laissé glisser dans le fauteuil[pressure, tension, fighting] diminuerto ease back on sb/sth se montrer moins strict envers qn/en ce qui concerne qch► ease off[person] ( = slow down) ralentir ; ( = work less hard) se relâcher ; ( = subside) [rain, wind, pain] se calmer ; [pressure, traffic] diminuer[+ lid] enlever doucement[person] ( = relax) se détendre ; ( = make less effort) relâcher ses efforts ; [situation] se détendre• to ease up on sb/sth se montrer moins strict envers qn/en ce qui concerne qch* * *[iːz] 1.1) ( lack of difficulty) facilité f2) ( freedom from anxiety)at ease — gen à l'aise
at ease! — Military repos!
to put somebody's mind at ease — rassurer quelqu'un ( about à propos de)
3) ( confidence of manner) aisance f4) ( affluence) aisance f2.transitive verb1) ( lessen) gen atténuer; réduire [congestion]; diminuer [burden]2) ( make easier) détendre [situation]; faciliter [communication, transition]3) ( move carefully)3.intransitive verb [tension, problem, pain, pressure] s'atténuer; [congestion, rain, rate] diminuer; [situation] se détendre; [price] être en légère baissePhrasal Verbs:- ease off- ease up -
7 dog
dog [dɒg]1. nounb. ( = male animal) mâle m( = harass) harceler3. compounds* * *[dɒg], US [dɔːg] 1.2) (male fox, wolf, etc) mâle m3) (colloq) ( person)2.you lucky dog! — sacré veinard! (colloq)
(colloq) dogs plural noun3. 4.the dogs — les courses fpl de lévriers
transitive verb (p prés etc - gg-)1)2)dogged by — poursuivi par [misfortune]
••it's dog eat dog — c'est chacun pour soi, c'est la foire d'empoigne
give a dog a bad name (and hang him) — Prov qui veut noyer son chien l'accuse de la rage Prov
love me, love my dog — aime-moi tel que je suis
to go and see a man about a dog — euph ( relieve oneself) aller se soulager; ( go on unspecified business) aller voir le pape hum
they don't have a dog's chance — ils n'ont pas la moindre chance or l'ombre d'une chance
to go to the dogs — (colloq) [company, country] aller à vau-l'eau
it's a real dog's breakfast! — (colloq) c'est n'importe quoi!
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8 itch
itch [ɪt∫]1. noun• I've got an itch in my leg/back ma jambe/mon dos me démange[person] avoir des démangeaisons* * *[ɪtʃ] 1.1) ( physical) démangeaison f2) (colloq) ( hankering)2.transitive verb US ( scratch) gratter3.1) ( physically) avoir des démangeaisonsthese socks make me ou my feet itch — ces chaussettes me démangent
2)to be itching for something/to do something — mourir (colloq) d'envie de quelque chose/de faire quelque chose
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9 free
[fri:] 1. adjective1) (allowed to move where one wants; not shut in, tied, fastened etc: The prison door opened, and he was a free man.) libre2) (not forced or persuaded to act, think, speak etc in a particular way: free speech; You are free to think what you like.) libre3) ((with with) generous: He is always free with his money/advice.) généreux4) (frank, open and ready to speak: a free manner.) ouvert5) (costing nothing: a free gift.) gratuit6) (not working or having another appointment; not busy: I shall be free at five o'clock.) libre7) (not occupied, not in use: Is this table free?) libre8) ((with of or from) without or no longer having (especially something or someone unpleasant etc): She is free from pain now; free of charge.) débarrassé de, gratuit2. verb1) (to make or set (someone) free: He freed all the prisoners.) libérer2) ((with from or of) to rid or relieve (someone) of something: She was able to free herself from her debts by working at an additional job.) (se) libérer/débarrasser de•- freedom- freely - free-for-all - freehand - freehold - freelance 3. verb(to work in this way: He is freelancing now.) travailler à la pige- Freepost- free skating - free speech - free trade - freeway - freewheel - free will - a free hand - set free -
10 soothe
soothe [su:ð](a) (calm, placate) calmer, apaiser(b) (relieve → pain) calmer, soulager;∎ this will soothe your sore throat ça va soulager votre mal de gorge∎ to soothe sb's anger apaiser la colère de qn(make less angry, worried → person) calmer -
11 scratch
[skræ ] 1. verb1) (to mark or hurt by drawing a sharp point across: The cat scratched my hand; How did you scratch your leg?; I scratched myself on a rose bush.) égratigner2) (to rub to relieve itching: You should try not to scratch insect bites.) (se) gratter3) (to make by scratching: He scratched his name on the rock with a sharp stone.) graver4) (to remove by scratching: She threatened to scratch his eyes out.) arracher5) (to withdraw from a game, race etc: That horse has been scratched.) retirer2. noun1) (a mark, injury or sound made by scratching: covered in scratches; a scratch at the door.) éraflure; grattement2) (a slight wound: I hurt myself, but it's only a scratch.) éraflure3) (in certain races or competitions, the starting point for people with no handicap or advantage.) ligne de départ•- scratchy- scratchiness - scratch the surface - start from scratch - up to scratch -
12 burden
burden ['bɜ:dən]1 noun∎ to be a burden to sb être un fardeau pour qn;∎ his guilt was a heavy burden to bear sa culpabilité était un lourd fardeau;∎ to increase/to relieve the tax burden augmenter/alléger le fardeau ou le poids des impôts;∎ Law the burden of proof la charge de la preuve;∎ Law the burden of proof rests with him c'est à lui qu'il incombe d'apporter des preuves∎ a ship of 500 tons burden un navire qui jauge 500 tonneaux(d) British Music (chorus, refrain) refrain m; figurative (theme, central idea) fond m, substance f;∎ what is the main burden of her argument? quel est le point essentiel de son argument?(a) (weigh down) charger;∎ to be burdened with sth être chargé de qch;∎ figurative to burden sb with taxes accabler qn d'impôts∎ I don't want to burden you with my problems je ne veux pas vous ennuyer avec mes problèmes;∎ she was burdened with guilt elle était rongée par un sentiment de culpabilité -
13 comfort
comfort ['kʌmfət]1 noun(a) (well-being) confort m, bien-être m;∎ to live in comfort vivre dans l'aisance ou à l'aise;∎ she's used to comfort elle a toujours eu tout le ou son confort;∎ the boots are fur-lined for extra comfort les bottes sont fourrées pour plus de confort;∎ to do sth in the comfort of one's own home faire qch confortablement chez soi;∎ figurative the explosion was too close for comfort l'explosion a eu lieu un peu trop près à mon goût;∎ the deadline's getting a bit too close for comfort la date limite est un peu trop proche à mon goût(b) (usu pl) (amenities) aises fpl, commodités fpl;∎ every modern comfort tout le confort moderne;∎ I like my comfort or comforts j'aime bien mes aises ou mon confort(c) (consolation) réconfort m, consolation f;∎ to take comfort in sth trouver un réconfort dans qch;∎ she took comfort from his words elle a trouvé un réconfort dans ses paroles;∎ I took comfort from or in the knowledge that it would soon be over je me suis consolé en me disant que ce serait bientôt fini;∎ it's a comfort to know c'est un soulagement de savoir;∎ if it's any comfort to you si cela peut vous consoler;∎ you've been a great comfort to me vous avez été pour moi un grand réconfort;∎ some comfort you are/that is! tu parles d'une consolation!∎ they comforted the wounded ils ont réconforté les blessés;∎ it comforted him to know she had had a decent burial ça l'a réconforté de savoir qu'elle avait eu un enterrement décent►► comfort eating = fait de manger pour se remonter le moral;comfort food = chose que l'on mange pour se remonter le moral;American comfort station toilettes fpl publiques (sur le bord d'une route) -
14 salve
salve [sælv]1 noun(a) (ointment) baume m, pommade f∎ I did it to salve my conscience je l'ai fait par acquit de conscience
См. также в других словарях:
relieve — ► VERB 1) alleviate or remove (pain, distress, or difficulty). 2) (usu. be relieved) cause (someone) to stop feeling distressed or anxious. 3) release (someone) from duty by taking their place. 4) (relieve of) take (a burden or responsibility)… … English terms dictionary
relieve — re‧lieve [rɪˈliːv] verb [transitive] to make a bad situation less severe: • Its Japanese parent company is expected to inject capital to relieve its crushing $3 billion debt. relieve somebody of something phrasal verb [transitive] 1. to help… … Financial and business terms
relieve — verb (relieved; relieving) Etymology: Middle English releven, from Anglo French relever to raise, relieve, from Latin relevare, from re + levare to raise more at lever Date: 14th century transitive verb 1. a. to free from a burden ; give aid or… … New Collegiate Dictionary
relieve — verb ADVERB ▪ temporarily ▪ completely, partially VERB + RELIEVE ▪ attempt to, try to ▪ They try to relieve the symptoms of depre … Collocations dictionary
relieve — re·lieve vt re·lieved, re·liev·ing: to set free from a duty, burden, or liability cannot be relieved of his negligence the trust cannot relieve the trustees of those very basic duties that the law imposes Hosey v. Burgess, 890 S.W.2d 262 (1995)… … Law dictionary
relieve - relief — ◊ relieve Relieve is a verb. If something relieves an unpleasant feeling, it makes it less unpleasant. Anxiety may be relieved by talking to a friend. The passengers in the plane swallow to relieve the pressure on their eardrums. If someone or… … Useful english dictionary
relieve — verb 1》 alleviate or remove (pain, distress, or difficulty). ↘cause (someone) to stop feeling distressed or anxious. 2》 release (someone) from duty by taking their place. 3》 (relieve someone of) take (a burden or responsibility) from someone … English new terms dictionary
relieve — verb /ɹɪˈliːv/ a) To ease (a person, persons thoughts etc.) from mental distress; to stop (someone) feeling anxious or worried, to alleviate the distress of. This shall not relieve either Party of any obligations. b) To ease (someone, a part of… … Wiktionary
relieve — verb 1) this helps relieve pain Syn: alleviate, mitigate, assuage, ease, dull, reduce, lessen, diminish See note at alleviate Ant: aggravate 2) … Thesaurus of popular words
relieve — verb 1) this helps relieve pain Syn: alleviate, mitigate, ease, counteract, dull, reduce 2) the helpers relieved us Syn: replace, take over from, stand in for, fill in for, substitu … Synonyms and antonyms dictionary
relieve oneself — verb eliminate urine (Freq. 1) Again, the cat had made on the expensive rug • Syn: ↑make, ↑urinate, ↑piddle, ↑puddle, ↑micturate, ↑piss, ↑pee, ↑ … Useful english dictionary