rejoice+in

• Therefore, let us rejoice. (while we are young)

(gavisus) to rejoice, take delight

(+ abl. of specification) to take delight in.

to rejoice, be joyful.

to rejoice, be joyful.

ac-quĭesco ( adqu.), ēvi, ētum, 3, v. n., lit., to become physically quiet, to come to physical repose; hence, in gen., to repose or rest (freq. in Cic.).

Lit.: sine respirem, quaeso. Pe. Immo adquiesce, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 20; id. As. 2, 2, 60:

vitandi caloris causā Lanuvii trīs horas acquieveram,

Cic. Att. 13, 34:

a lassitudine,

Nep. Dat. 11, 3:

somno,

Curt. 9, 5, 16; cf.:

gravi sopore,

id. 6, 10, 6, and absol. of sleep, id. 8, 6, 3:

cum aures extremum semper exspectent in eoque acquiescant,

Cic. Or. 59.—By euphemism (as in all languages), to die (esp. after a wearisome life):

sic vir fortissimus multis variisque perfunctus laboribus, anno acquievit septuagesimo,

Nep. Hann. 13, 1; cf.

morte,

Tac. A. 14, 64;

and in many epitaphs: HIC ADQVIESCIT, etc.,

Inscr. Orell. 2313; 4084; 4491 al.; so, quiesco, q. v.

Fig.

To come to a state of repose in relation to one's wishes, desires, etc.; to repose in; to find rest, pleasure, etc., in; to rejoice in; in Cic. mostly with in, and of things: in the historians and later writers, with dat. or abl., and also of persons:

quae delectet, in qua acquiescam,

Cic. Att. 4, 16:

senes in adulescentium caritate acquiescimus,

id. Lael. 27; id. Fin. 3, 2, 6:

qui jam aetate provecti in nostris libris acquiescunt,

id. Div. 2, 2, 5. Examples in Cic. of a person:

tecum ut quasi loquerer, in quo uno acquiesco,

Att. 9, 10, and with abl.:

qui maxime P. Clodii morte acquierunt,

id. Mil. 37, 102:

cui velut oraculo acquiescebat,

Suet. Vit. 14:

uno solatio acquiescens,

id. Cal. 51; id. Tib. 56:

amicos elegit, quibus etiam post eum principes acquieverunt,

id. Tit. 7.—

To be satisfied with, to acquiesce in or give assent to: tu, cum es commotus, acquiescis, assentiris, approbas (where the climax of the ideas should be noticed, you accede to them, i. e. you cease to oppose them; you assent to them, i. e. you make known your approbation by words), Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141; so Suet. Vit. 14; Dig. 24, 3, 22, § 6; 38, 1, 7 al.

ăd-ĕo, ĭī, and rarely īvi, ĭtum (arch. adirier for adiri, Enn. Rib. Trag. p. 59), 4, v. n. and a. (acc. to Paul. ex Fest. should be accented a/deo; v. Fest. s. v. adeo, p. 19 Müll.; cf. the foll. word), to go to or approach a person or thing (syn.: accedo, aggredior, advenio, appeto).

Lit.

In gen., constr.

With ad (very freq.): sed tibi cautim est adeundum ad virum, Att. ap. Non. 512, 10:

neque eum ad me adire neque me magni pendere visu'st,

Plaut. Cur. 2, 2, 12:

adeamne ad eam?

Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; id. Eun. 3, 5, 30: aut ad consules aut ad te aut ad Brutum adissent, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 208, 5:

ad M. Bibulum adierunt, id. Fragm. ap. Arus. p. 213 Lind.: ad aedis nostras nusquam adiit,

Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 24:

adibam ad istum fundum,

Cic. Caec. 29 —

With in: priusquam Romam atque in horum conventum adiretis, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 11, § 26 ed. Halm.—Esp.: adire in jus, to go to law:

cum ad praetorem in jus adissemus,

Cic. Verr. 4, § 147; id. Att. 11, 24; Caes. B. C. 1, 87, and in the Plebiscit. de Thermens. lin. 42: QVO DE EA RE IN IOVS ADITVM ERIT, cf. Dirks., Versuche S. p. 193.—

Absol.:

adeunt, consistunt, copulantur dexteras,

Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 38:

eccum video: adibo,

Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 5.—

With acc.:

ne Stygeos adeam non libera manes,

Ov. M. 13, 465:

voces aetherias adiere domos,

Sil. 6, 253:

castrorum vias,

Tac. A. 2, 13:

municipia,

id. ib. 39:

provinciam,

Suet. Aug. 47:

non poterant adire eum,

Vulg. Luc. 8, 19:

Graios sales carmine patrio,

to attain to, Verg. Cat. 11, 62; so with latter supine:

planioribus aditu locis,

places easier to approach, Liv. 1, 33.—With local adv.:

quoquam,

Sall. J. 14:

huc,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 60.—

Esp.,

To approach one for the purpose of addressing, asking aid, consulting, and the like, to address, apply to, consult (diff. from aggredior, q. v.). —Constr. with ad or oftener with acc.; hence also pass.:

quanto satius est, adire blandis verbis atque exquaerere, sintne illa, etc.,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 35:

aliquot me adierunt,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 2:

adii te heri de filia,

id. Hec. 2, 2, 9: cum pacem peto, cum placo, cum adeo, et cum appello meam, Lucil. ap. Non. 237, 28:

ad me adire quosdam memini, qui dicerent,

Cic. Fam. 3, 10:

coram adire et alloqui,

Tac. H. 4, 65.— Pass.:

aditus consul idem illud responsum retulit,

when applied to, Liv. 37, 6 fin.:

neque praetores adiri possent,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5.—Hence: adire aliquem per epistulam, to address one in writing, by a letter:

per epistulam, aut per nuntium, quasi regem, adiri eum aiunt,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 9 and 10; cf. Tac. A. 4, 39; id. H. 1, 9.—So also: adire deos, aras, deorum sedes, etc., to approach the gods, their altars, etc., as a suppliant (cf.:

acced. ad aras,

Lucr. 5, 1199): quoi me ostendam? quod templum adeam? Att. ap. Non. 281, 6:

ut essent simulacra, quae venerantes deos ipsos se adire crederent,

Cic. N. D. 1, 27:

adii Dominum et deprecatus sum,

Vulg. Sap. 8, 21:

aras,

Cic. Phil. 14, 1:

sedes deorum,

Tib. 1, 5, 39:

libros Sibyllinos,

to consult the Sibylline Books, Liv. 34, 55; cf. Tac. A. 1, 76:

oracula,

Verg. A. 7, 82.—

To go to a thing in order to examine it, to visit:

oppida castellaque munita,

Sall. J. 94:

hiberna,

Tac. H. 1, 52.—

To come up to one in a hostile manner, to assail, attack:

aliquem: nunc prior adito tu, ego in insidiis hic ero,

Ter. Ph. 1, 4, 52:

nec quisquam ex agmine tanto audet adire virum,

Verg. A. 5, 379:

Servilius obvia adire arma jubetur,

Sil. 9, 272.

Fig.

To go to the performance of any act, to enter upon, to undertake, set about, undergo, submit to (cf.: accedo, aggredior, and adorior).—With ad or the acc. (class.):

nunc eam rem vult, scio, mecum adire ad pactionem,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 25:

tum primum nos ad causas et privatas et publicas adire coepimus,

Cic. Brut. 90:

adii causas oratorum, id. Fragm. Scaur. ap. Arus. p. 213 Lind.: adire ad rem publicam,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70:

ad extremum periculum,

Caes. B. C. 2, 7.—With acc.:

periculum capitis,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 38:

laboribus susceptis periculisque aditis,

id. Off. 1, 19:

in adeundis periculis,

id. ib. 24; cf.:

adeundae inimicitiae, subeundae saepe pro re publica tempestates,

id. Sest. 66, 139: ut vitae periculum aditurus videretur, Auct. B. G. 8, 48: maximos labores et summa pericula. Nep. Timol. 5:

omnem fortunam,

Liv. 25, 10:

dedecus,

Tac. A. 1, 39:

servitutem voluntariam,

id. G. 24:

invidiam,

id. A. 4, 70:

gaudia,

Tib. 1, 5, 39.—Hence of an inheritance, t. t., to enter on:

cum ipse hereditatem patris non adisses,

Cic. Phil. 2, 16; so id. Arch. 5; Suet. Aug. 8 and Dig.;

hence also: adire nomen,

to assume the name bequeathed by will, Vell. 2, 60.—

Adire manum alicui, prov., to deceive one, to make sport of (the origin of this phrase is unc.; Acidalius conjectures that it arose from some artifice practised in wrestling, Wagner ad Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 8):

eo pacto avarae Veneri pulcre adii manum,

Plaut. Poen. 2, 11; so id. Aul. 2, 8, 8; id. Cas. 5, 2, 54; id. Pers. 5, 2, 18.

ăd-ĕō̆, adv. [cf. quoad and adhuc] (acc. to Festus, it should be accented adéo, v. the preced. word; but this distinction is merely a later invention of the grammarians; [p. 33] cf. Gell. 7, 7).

In the ante-class. per.,

To designate the limit of space or time, with reference to the distance passed through; hence often accompanied by usque (cf. ad), to this, thus far, so far, as far.

Of space:

surculum artito usque adeo, quo praeacueris,

fit in the scion as far as you have sharpened it, Cato, R. R. 40, 3.— Hence: res adeo rediit, the affair has gone so far (viz., in deterioration, “cum aliquid pejus exspectatione contigit,” Don. ad Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 5):

postremo adeo res rediit: adulescentulus saepe eadem et graviter audiendo victus est,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 61; cf. id. Ph. 1, 2, 5.—

Of time, so long ( as), so long ( till), strengthened by usque, and with dum, donec, following, and in Cic. with quoad:

merces vectatum undique adeo dum, quae tum haberet, peperisset bona,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 76; 3, 4, 72; id. Am. 1, 2, 10 al.:

nusquam destitit instare, suadere, orare, usque adeo donec perpulit,

Ter. And. 4, 1, 36; Cato, R. R. 67; id. ib. 76:

atque hoc scitis omnes usque adeo hominem in periculo fuisse, quoad scitum sit Sestium vivere,

Cic. Sest. 38, 82.—

For the purpose of equalizing two things in comparison, followed by ut: in the same degree or measure or proportion... in which; or so very, so much, so, to such a degree... as (only in comic poets), Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 38:

adeon hominem esse invenustum aut infelicem quemquam, ut ego sum?

Ter. And. 1, 5, 10.—Also followed by quasi, when the comparison relates to similarity:

gaudere adeo coepit, quasi qui cupiunt nuptias,

in the same manner as those rejoice who desire marriage, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 12.—

(Only in the comic poets) = ad haec, praeterea, moreover, besides, too: ibi tibi adeo lectus dabitur, ubi tu haud somnum capias ( beside the other annoyances), a bed, too, shall be given you there, etc., Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 80.—Hence also with etiam:

adeo etiam argenti faenus creditum audio,

besides too, id. Most. 3, 1, 101.—

(Only in the comic poets.) Adeo ut, for this purpose that, to the end that:

id ego continuo huic dabo, adeo me ut hic emittat manu,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 32:

id adeo te oratum advenio, ut, etc.,

id. Aul. 4, 10, 9:

adeo ut tu meam sententiam jam jam poscere possis, faciam, etc.,

id. ib. 3, 2, 26 (where Wagner now reads at ut):

atque adeo ut scire possis, factum ego tecum hoc divido,

id. Stich. 5, 4, 15. (These passages are so interpreted by Hand, I. p. 138; others regard adeo here = quin immo.)—

In narration, in order to put one person in strong contrast with another. It may be denoted by a stronger emphasis upon the word to be made conspicuous, or by yet, on the contrary, etc.:

jam ille illuc ad erum cum advenerit, narrabit, etc.: ille adeo illum mentiri sibi credet,

Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 4 sq.; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 8 al.

To the Latin of every period belongs the use of this word,

To give emphasis to an idea in comparison, so, so much, so very, with verbs, adjectives, and substantives:

adeo ut spectare postea omnīs oderit,

Plaut. Capt. prol. 65:

neminem quidem adeo infatuare potuit, ut ei nummum ullum crederet,

Cic. Fl. 20, 47:

adeoque inopia est coactus Hannibal, ut, etc.,

Liv. 22, 32, 3 Weiss.:

et voltu adeo modesto, adeo venusto, ut nil supra,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 92:

nemo adeo ferus est, ut, etc.,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 39.—With usque:

adeo ego illum cogam usque, ut mendicet meus pater,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 10:

usque adeo turbatur,

even so much, so continually, Verg. E. 1, 12; Curt. 10, 1, 42; Luc. 1, 366.—In questions:

adeone me fuisse fungum, ut qui illi crederem?

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 49:

adeone hospes hujus urbis, adeone ignarus es disciplinae consuetudinisque nostrae, ut haec nescias?

Cic. Rab. 10, 28; so id. Phil. 2, 7, 15; id. Fam. 9, 10; Liv. 2, 7, 10; 5, 6, 4.—With a negative in both clauses, also with quin in the last:

non tamen adeo virtutum sterile saeculum, ut non et bona exempla prodiderit,

Tac. H. 1, 3; so Suet. Oth. 9:

verum ego numquam adeo astutus fui, quin, etc.,

Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 13.—

Sometimes the concluding clause is to be supplied from the first: quis genus Aeneadum, quis Trojae nesciat urbem?... non obtusa adeo gestamus pectora Poeni, viz.,

that we know not the Trojans and their history, Verg. A. 1, 565:

adeo senuerunt Juppiter et Mars?

Juv. 6, 59.—Hence (post-Cic.): adeo non ut... adeo nihil ut... so little that, so far from that... (in reference to which, it should be noticed that in Latin the negative is blended with the verb in one idea, which is qualified by adeo) = tantum abest ut: haec dicta adeo nihil moverunt quemquam, ut legati prope violati sint, these words left them all so unmoved that, etc., or had so little effect, etc., Liv. 3, 2, 7: qui adeo non tenuit iram, ut gladio cinctum in senatum venturum se esse palam diceret, who restrained his anger so little that, etc. (for, qui non—tenuit iram adeo, ut), id. 8, 7, 5; so 5, 45, 4; Vell. 2, 66, 4: Curt. 3, 12, 22.—Also with contra in the concluding clause:

apud hostes Afri et Carthaginienses adeo non sustinebant, ut contra etiam pedem referrent,

Liv. 30, 34, 5. —

Adeo is placed enclitically after its word, like quidem, certe, and the Gr. ge, even, indeed, just, precisely. So,

Most freq. with pronouns, in order to render prominent something before said, or foll., or otherwise known (cf. in Gr. egôge, suge, autos ge, etc., Viger. ed. Herm. 489, vi. and Zeun.): argentariis male credi qui aiunt, nugas praedicant: nam et bene et male credi dico; id adeo hodie ego expertus sum, just this (touto ge), Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 1; so id. Aul. 2, 4, 10; 4, 2, 15; id. Am. 1, 1, 98; 1, 2, 6; id. Ep. 1, 1, 51; 2, 2, 31; 5, 2, 40; id. Poen. 1, 2, 57: plerique homines, quos, cum nihil refert, pudet;

ubi pudendum'st ibi eos deserit pudor, is adeo tu es,

you are just such a one, id. Ep. 2, 1, 2:

cui tu obsecutus, facis huic adeo injuriam,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 68: tute adeo jam ejus verba audies, you yourself shall hear what he has to say (suge akousêi), Ter. And. 3, 3, 27: Dolabella tuo nihil scito mihi esse jucundius: hanc adeo habebo gratiam illi, i. e. hanc, quae maxima est, gratiam (tautên ge tên charin), Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16:

haec adeo ex illo mihi jam speranda fuerunt,

even this, Verg. A. 11, 275.—It is often to be translated by the intensive and, and just, etc. (so esp. in Cic. and the histt.): id adeo, si placet, considerate, just that (touto ge skopeite), Cic. Caec. 30, 87:

id adeo ex ipso senatus consulto cognoscite,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 64, 143; cf. id. Clu. 30, 80:

ad hoc quicumque aliarum atque senatus partium erant, conturbari remp., quam minus valere ipsi malebant. Id adeo malum multos post annos in civitatem reverterat,

And just this evil, Sall. C. 37, 11; so 37, 2; id. J. 68, 3; Liv. 2, 29, 9; 4, 2, 2: id adeo manifestum erit, si cognoverimus, etc., and this, precisely this, will be evident, if, etc., Quint. 2, 16, 18 Spald.—It is rarely used with ille:

ille adeo illum mentiri sibi credet,

Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 6.—Sometimes with the rel. pron.: quas adeo haud quisquam liber umquam tetigit, Plaut: Poen. 1, 2, 57; Cic. Fin. 2, 12, 37. —With interrog. pron.:

Quis adeo tam Latinae linguae ignarus est, quin, etc.,

Gell. 7, 17.—Adeo is joined with the pers. pron. when the discourse passes from one person to another, and attention is to be particularly directed to the latter: Juppiter, tuque adeo summe Sol, qui res omnes inspicis, and thou especially, and chiefly thou, Enn. ap. Prob.:

teque adeo decus hoc aevi inibit,

Verg. E. 4, 11; id. G. 1, 24: teque, Neptune, invoco, vosque adeo venti, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 34, 73;

and without the copulative: vos adeo... item ego vos virgis circumvinciam,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 25.— Ego adeo often stands for ego quidem, equidem (egôge):

tum libertatem Chrysalo largibere: ego adeo numquam accipiam,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 30; so id. Mil. 4, 4, 55; id. Truc. 4, 3, 73:

ego adeo hanc primus inveni viam,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 16:

nec me adeo fallit,

Verg. A. 4, 96.—Ipse adeo (autos ge), for the sake of emphasis:

atque hercle ipsum adeo contuor,

Plaut. As. 2, 3, 24:

ipsum adeo praesto video cum Davo,

Ter. And. 2, 5, 4:

ipse adeo senis ductor Rhoeteus ibat pulsibus,

Sil. 14, 487.—

With the conditional conjj. si, nisi, etc. (Gr. ei ge), if indeed, if truly:

nihili est autem suum qui officium facere immemor est, nisi adeo monitus,

unless, indeed, he is reminded of it, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 2: Si. Num illi molestae quippiam hae sunt nuptiae? Da. Nihil Hercle: aut si adeo, bidui est aut tridui haec sollicitudo, and if, indeed, etc. (not if also, for also is implied in aut), Ter. And. 2, 6, 7.—

With adverbs: nunc adeo (nun ge), Plaut. As. 3, 1, 29; id. Mil. 2, 2, 4; id. Merc. 2, 2, 57; id. Men. 1, 2, 11; id. Ps. 1, 2, 52; id. Rud. 3, 4, 23; Ter. And. 4, 5, 26; Verg. A. 9, 156: jam adeo (dê ge), id. ib. 5, 268; Sil. 1, 20; 12, 534; Val. Fl. 3, 70. umquam adeo, Plaut. Cas. 5, 4, 23:

inde adeo,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 1:

hinc adeo,

Verg. E. 9, 59: sic adeo (houtôs ge), id. A. 4, 533; Sil. 12, 646:

vix adeo,

Verg. A. 6, 498:

non adeo,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 57; Verg. A. 11, 436. —

With adjectives = vel, indeed, even, very, fully:

quot adeo cenae, quas deflevi, mortuae!

how very many suppers, Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 59: quotque adeo fuerint, qui temnere superbum... Lucil. ap. Non. 180, 2: nullumne malorum finem adeo poenaeque dabis (adeo separated from nullum by poet. license)? wilt thou make no end at all to calamity and punishment? Val. Fl. 4, 63:

trīs adeo incertos caeca caligine soles erramus,

three whole days we wander about, Verg. A. 3, 203; 7, 629.—And with comp. or the adv. magis, multo, etc.:

quae futura et quae facta, eloquar: multo adeo melius quam illi, cum sim Juppiter,

very much better, Plaut. Am. 5, 2, 3; so id. Truc. 2, 1, 5:

magis adeo id facilitate quam aliā ullā culpā meā, contigit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15.—

With the conjj. sive, aut, vel, in order to annex a more important thought, or to make a correction, or indeed, or rather, or even only:

sive qui ipsi ambīssent, seu per internuntium, sive adeo aediles perfidiose quoi duint,

Plaut. Am. prol. 71:

si hercle scivissem, sive adeo joculo dixisset mihi, se illam amare,

id. Merc. 5, 4, 33; so id. Truc. 4, 3, 1; id. Men. 5, 2, 74; Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 9: nam si te tegeret pudor, sive adeo cor sapientia imbutum foret, Pacuv. ap. Non. 521, 10:

mihi adeunda est ratio, quā ad Apronii quaestum, sive adeo, quā ad istius ingentem immanemque praedam possim pervenire,

or rather, Cic. Verr 2, 3, 46, 110; Verg. A. 11, 369; so, atque adeo:

ego princeps in adjutoribus atque adeo secundus,

Cic. Att. 1, 17, 9.—

With the imperative, for emphasis, like tandem, modo, dum, the Germ. so, and the Gr. ge (cf. L. and S.), now, I pray:

propera adeo puerum tollere hinc ab janua,

Ter. And. 4, 4, 20 (cf. xullabete g auton, Soph. Phil. 1003).—

Like admodum or nimis, to give emphasis to an idea (for the most part only in comic poets, and never except with the positive of the adj.; cf. Consent. 2023 P.), indeed, truly, so very, so entirely:

nam me ejus spero fratrem propemodum jam repperisse adulescentem adeo nobilem,

so very noble, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 123:

nec sum adeo informis,

nor am I so very ugly, Verg. E. 2, 25:

nam Caii Luciique casu non adeo fractus,

Suet. Aug. 65:

et merito adeo,

and with perfect right, Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 42:

etiam num credis te ignorarier aut tua facta adeo,

do you, then, think that they are ignorant of you or your conduct entirely? id. Ph. 5, 8, 38.—

To denote what exceeds expectation, even: quam omnium Thebis vir unam esse optimam dijudicat, quamque adeo cives Thebani rumificant probam, and whom even the Thebans (who are always ready to speak evil of others) declare to be an honest woman, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 44.— Hence also it denotes something added to the rest of the sentence, besides, too, over and above, usually in the connection: -que adeo (rare, and never in prose; cf.

adhuc, I.): quin te Di omnes perdant qui me hodie oculis vidisti tuis, meque adeo scelestum,

and me too, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 122; cf. id. 4, 2, 32:

haec adeo tibi me, ipsa palam fari omnipotens Saturnia jussit,

Verg. A. 7, 427.

After Caesar and Cicero (the only instance of this use adduced from Cicero's works, Off. 1, 11, 36, being found in a passage rejected by the best critics, as B. and K.).

For adding an important and satisfactory reason to an assertion, and then it always stands at the beginning of the clause, indeed, for:

cum Hanno perorāsset, nemini omnium cum eo certare necesse fuit: adeo prope omnis senatus Hannibalis erat: the idea is,

Hanno's speech, though so powerful, was ineffectual, and did not need a reply; for all the senators belonged to the party of Hannibal, Liv. 21, 11, 1; so id. 2, 27, 3; 2, 28, 2; 8, 37, 2; Tac. Ann. 1, 50, 81; Juv. 3, 274; 14, 233.—Also for introducing a parenthesis: sed ne illi quidem ipsi satis mitem gentem fore (adeo ferocia atque indomita [p. 34] ingenia esse) ni subinde auro... principum animi concilientur, Liv. 21, 20, 8; so id. 9, 26, 17; 3, 4, 2; Tac. A. 2, 28.—

When to a specific fact a general consideration is added as a reason for it, so, thus (in Livy very often):

haud dubius, facilem in aequo campi victoriam fore: adeo non fortuna modo, sed ratio etiam cum barbaris stabat,

thus not only fortune, but sagacity, was on the side of the barbarians, Liv. 5, 38, 4:

adeo ex parvis saepe magnarum momenta rerum pendent,

id. 27, 9, 1; so id. 4, 31, 5; 21, 33, 6; 28, 19; Quint. 1, 12, 7; Curt. 10, 2, 11; Tac. Agr. 1:

adeo in teneris consuescere multum est,

Verg. G. 2, 272.—

In advancing from one thought to another more important = immo, rather, indeed, nay: nulla umquam res publica ubi tantus paupertati ac parsimoniae honos fuerit: adeo, quanto rerum minus, tanto minus cupiditatis erat, Liv. praef. 11; so Gell. 11, 7; Symm. Ep. 1, 30, 37.—

With a negative after ne—quidem or quoque, so much the more or less, much less than, still less (post-Aug.):

hujus totius temporis fortunam ne deflere quidem satis quisquam digne potuit: adeo nemo exprimere verbis potest,

still less can one describe: it by words, Vell. 2, 67, 1:

ne tecta quidem urbis, adeo publicum consilium numquam adiit,

still less, Tac. A. 6, 15; so id. H. 3, 64; Curt. 7, 5, 35:

favore militum anxius et superbia viri aequalium quoque, adeo superiorum intolerantis,

who could not endure his equals even, much less his superiors, Tac. H. 4, 80.—So in gen., after any negative: quaelibet enim ex iis artibus in paucos libros contrahi solet: adeo infinito spatio ac traditione opus non est, so much the less is there need, etc., Quint. 12, 11, 16; Plin. 17, 12, 35, § 179; Tac. H. 3, 39.—(The assumption of a causal signif. of adeo = ideo, propterea, rests upon false readings. For in Cael. Cic. Fam. 8, 15 we should read ideo, B. and K., and in Liv. 24, 32, 6, ad ea, Weiss.).—See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 135-155.

bĕo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [akin to benus, bonus, and, acc. to Fick, connected with deidô, deinos], to make happy, to bless (as verb. finit. rare, and mostly poet. for fortuno, beatum efficio; not in Cic.).

In gen., to gladden, rejoice, refresh:

hoc me beat,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 12:

foris aliquantillum etiam quod gusto, id beat,

id. Capt. 1, 2, 34:

ecquid beo te?

does that gladden thee? Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 47.—Hence, in colloq. lang. beas or beasti, that delights me, I am rejoiced at that, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 66; Ter. And. 1, 1, 79.—

Aliquem aliquā re, to make happy, reward with, enrich:

caelo Musa beat,

Hor. C. 4, 8, 29:

seu te... bearis Interiore notā Falerni,

id. ib. 2, 3, 7:

ne dominus Munere te parvo beet,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 75:

Latium beabit divite linguā,

id. ib. 2, 2, 121.—Hence, bĕātus, a, um, P. a.

Happy, prosperous, blessed, fortunate (very freq. in prose and poetry; cf.:

felix, fortunatus): neque ulla alia huic verbo, cum beatum dicimus, subjecta notio est, nisi, secretis malis omnibus, cumulata bonorum complexio,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 29:

hic tyrannus ipse judicavit quam esset beatus,

id. ib. 5, 20, 61:

qui beatus est, non intellego, quid requirat, ut sit beatior: si est enim quod desit, ne beatus quidem est,

id. ib. 5, 8, 23:

beatus, ni unum hoc desit,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 18; Afran. ap. Non. p. 517, 17:

beatus ille, qui procul negotiis, etc.,

Hor. Epod. 2, 1:

nihil est ab omni Parte beatum,

id. C. 2, 16, 28:

beatissima vita,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 8, 23.—

Transf.:

satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil ei esse beatum, cui, etc.,

a cause of happiness, Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62.—

Subst.

bĕāti, ōrum, m., the happy, fortunate persons:

istam oscitantem sapientiam Scaevolarum et ceterorum beatorum concedamus,

Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:

Phraaten numero beatorum Eximit Virtus,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 18.—

bĕātum, i, n. ( = beatitas, beatitudo, q. v.), happiness, blessedness:

in quā sit ipsum etiam beatum,

Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84:

ex bonis, quae sola honesta sunt, efficiendum est beatum,

id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45.—

Esp.

Of outward prosperity, opulent, wealthy, rich, in good circumstances:

Dionysius tyrannus fuit opulentissumae et beatissumae civitatis (sc. Syracusarum),

Cic. N.D. 3, 33, 81:

res omnes quibus abundant ii, qui beati putantur,

id. ib. 2, 37, 95; Plaut. Curc. 3, 1:

ut eorum ornatus... hominis non beatissimi suspicionem prae, beret,

Nep. Ages. 8, 2; Hor. C. 2, 4, 13; 2, 18, 14; 3, 7, 3; 3, 16, 32; 3, 29, 11; id. S. 2-8, 1; id. Epod. 16, 41; Ov. Am. 1, 15, 34.— As subst.: bĕāti, ōrum, m., the rich:

noli nobilibus, noli conferre beatis,

Prop. 2, 9, 33.—

Poet., of inanimate things, rich, abundant, excellent, splendid, magnificent:

gazae,

Hor. C. 1, 29, 1:

arces,

id. ib. 2, 6, 21:

Cyprus,

id. ib. 3, 26, 9:

copia,

id. C.S. 59:

rus,

id. Ep. 1, 10, 14.—With abl., Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 139:

nectar,

Mart. 9, 12, 5; Cat. 68, 14: argentum felix omnique beatius auro, Ov P 2, 8, 5.— Trop.:

ubertas,

overflowing, Quint. 10, 1, 109:

copia,

id. 10, 1, 61:

eventus,

Tac. Dial. 9.—

Late Lat., blessed, i. e. deceased, dead:

quem cum beatum fuisse Sallustius respondisset, intellexit occisum,

Amm. 25, 3, 21:

beatae memoriae,

of blessed memory, Hier. Ep. ad Marc. 24; cf.: si nobis, cum ex hac vitā emigraverimus, in beatorum insulis inmortale aevum, ut fabulae ferunt, degere liceret, Cic. ap. Aug. Trin. 14, 9 (Fragm. Hortens. 40 B. and K.).—

Beatissimus, in late Lat., a title of the higher clergy, Cod. 1, 4, 13; Auct. Collat. 9, 6; Novell. 123, 3 al. —Hence, adv.: bĕātē, happily, Cat. 14, 10:

vivere,

Cic. Ac. 1, 9, 33; id. Div. 2, 1, 2; id. Tusc. 2, 12, 29; id. Fin. 2, 27, 86; id. Par 1, 3, 15.— Comp., Sen. Ep. 92, 24.— Sup., Sen. Cons. Helv. 9, 4.

bĕo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [akin to benus, bonus, and, acc. to Fick, connected with deidô, deinos], to make happy, to bless (as verb. finit. rare, and mostly poet. for fortuno, beatum efficio; not in Cic.).

In gen., to gladden, rejoice, refresh:

hoc me beat,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 12:

foris aliquantillum etiam quod gusto, id beat,

id. Capt. 1, 2, 34:

ecquid beo te?

does that gladden thee? Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 47.—Hence, in colloq. lang. beas or beasti, that delights me, I am rejoiced at that, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 66; Ter. And. 1, 1, 79.—

Aliquem aliquā re, to make happy, reward with, enrich:

caelo Musa beat,

Hor. C. 4, 8, 29:

seu te... bearis Interiore notā Falerni,

id. ib. 2, 3, 7:

ne dominus Munere te parvo beet,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 75:

Latium beabit divite linguā,

id. ib. 2, 2, 121.—Hence, bĕātus, a, um, P. a.

Happy, prosperous, blessed, fortunate (very freq. in prose and poetry; cf.:

felix, fortunatus): neque ulla alia huic verbo, cum beatum dicimus, subjecta notio est, nisi, secretis malis omnibus, cumulata bonorum complexio,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 29:

hic tyrannus ipse judicavit quam esset beatus,

id. ib. 5, 20, 61:

qui beatus est, non intellego, quid requirat, ut sit beatior: si est enim quod desit, ne beatus quidem est,

id. ib. 5, 8, 23:

beatus, ni unum hoc desit,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 18; Afran. ap. Non. p. 517, 17:

beatus ille, qui procul negotiis, etc.,

Hor. Epod. 2, 1:

nihil est ab omni Parte beatum,

id. C. 2, 16, 28:

beatissima vita,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 8, 23.—

Transf.:

satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil ei esse beatum, cui, etc.,

a cause of happiness, Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62.—

Subst.

bĕāti, ōrum, m., the happy, fortunate persons:

istam oscitantem sapientiam Scaevolarum et ceterorum beatorum concedamus,

Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:

Phraaten numero beatorum Eximit Virtus,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 18.—

bĕātum, i, n. ( = beatitas, beatitudo, q. v.), happiness, blessedness:

in quā sit ipsum etiam beatum,

Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84:

ex bonis, quae sola honesta sunt, efficiendum est beatum,

id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45.—

Esp.

Of outward prosperity, opulent, wealthy, rich, in good circumstances:

Dionysius tyrannus fuit opulentissumae et beatissumae civitatis (sc. Syracusarum),

Cic. N.D. 3, 33, 81:

res omnes quibus abundant ii, qui beati putantur,

id. ib. 2, 37, 95; Plaut. Curc. 3, 1:

ut eorum ornatus... hominis non beatissimi suspicionem prae, beret,

Nep. Ages. 8, 2; Hor. C. 2, 4, 13; 2, 18, 14; 3, 7, 3; 3, 16, 32; 3, 29, 11; id. S. 2-8, 1; id. Epod. 16, 41; Ov. Am. 1, 15, 34.— As subst.: bĕāti, ōrum, m., the rich:

noli nobilibus, noli conferre beatis,

Prop. 2, 9, 33.—

Poet., of inanimate things, rich, abundant, excellent, splendid, magnificent:

gazae,

Hor. C. 1, 29, 1:

arces,

id. ib. 2, 6, 21:

Cyprus,

id. ib. 3, 26, 9:

copia,

id. C.S. 59:

rus,

id. Ep. 1, 10, 14.—With abl., Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 139:

nectar,

Mart. 9, 12, 5; Cat. 68, 14: argentum felix omnique beatius auro, Ov P 2, 8, 5.— Trop.:

ubertas,

overflowing, Quint. 10, 1, 109:

copia,

id. 10, 1, 61:

eventus,

Tac. Dial. 9.—

Late Lat., blessed, i. e. deceased, dead:

quem cum beatum fuisse Sallustius respondisset, intellexit occisum,

Amm. 25, 3, 21:

beatae memoriae,

of blessed memory, Hier. Ep. ad Marc. 24; cf.: si nobis, cum ex hac vitā emigraverimus, in beatorum insulis inmortale aevum, ut fabulae ferunt, degere liceret, Cic. ap. Aug. Trin. 14, 9 (Fragm. Hortens. 40 B. and K.).—

Beatissimus, in late Lat., a title of the higher clergy, Cod. 1, 4, 13; Auct. Collat. 9, 6; Novell. 123, 3 al. —Hence, adv.: bĕātē, happily, Cat. 14, 10:

vivere,

Cic. Ac. 1, 9, 33; id. Div. 2, 1, 2; id. Tusc. 2, 12, 29; id. Fin. 2, 27, 86; id. Par 1, 3, 15.— Comp., Sen. Ep. 92, 24.— Sup., Sen. Cons. Helv. 9, 4.

ex-hĭlăro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to gladden, cheer, to make merry or joyous, to rejoice, delight, exhilarate.

Prop. (rare but class.):

miraris tam exhilaratam esse servitutem nostram?

Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 1; Mart. 8, 50, 6; Col. 6, 24, 2.—

Transf., of things:

neque ilex, picea, larix, pinus ullo flore exhilarantur,

are refreshed, enlivened, Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 95:

colorem hominis frequentiores in cibo lupini exhilarant,

freshen, brighten, id. 22, 25, 74, § 154; cf.:

species mulieris exhilarat faciem viri sui,

Vulg. Sirach, 36, 24.

exsulto ( exult-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. n. [id.], to spring vigorously, to leap or jump up (class.; esp. in the trop. signif.).

Lit.:

equi ferocitate exsultantes,

Cic. Off. 1, 26, 90:

equi,

Nep. Eum. 5:

exsultantes loligines,

Cic. Div. 2, 70, 145: pisciculi, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 66, 1:

pecora exsultantia,

Plin. 18, 35, 88, § 364:

taurus in herba,

Ov. M. 2, 864; cf. id. ib. 11, 79:

(curetes) in numerum exsultant,

i. e. dance, Lucr. 2, 631.—

Of inanimate subjects:

sanguis emicat exsultans alte,

Lucr. 2, 195:

pila exsultat,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 10 fin.:

exsultant aestu latices,

Verg. A. 7, 464; cf. Plin. 31, 10, 46, § 114:

exsultant vada atque aestu miscentur harenae,

Verg. A. 3, 557:

glaebae,

Plin. 18, 19, 49, § 179: densiores circa pampini exsultant, spring up, i. e. come up, grow up, id. 17, 22, 35, § 180:

breves (syllabae) si continuantur, exsultant,

to skip, hop, Quint. 9, 4, 91.—

Trop.

In gen., to gambol about, move freely, expatiate:

hic (in pectore) exsultat pavor ac metus,

riot, gambol, Lucr. 3, 141:

cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio,

Cic. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf.:

in reliquis (orationibus) exsultavit audacius (Demosthenes),

id. Or. 8, 26:

assurgendi exsultandique in laudando licentia,

Quint. 2, 2, 9:

solidos novus exsultabis in actus,

will undertake with alacrity, Stat. S. 4, 4, 38.—

In partic., to exult, rejoice exceedingly; to run riot, to revel; to vaunt, boast: exsultantem te et praefidentem tibi repriment legum habenae, Poët. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 41, 166; cf.:

rex ille (Tarquinius) victoriis divitiisque subnixus, exsultabat insolentiā,

id. Rep. 2, 25; and:

exsultasse populum insolentiā libertatis,

id. ib. 1, 40:

exsultare eam (partem animi) in somno immoderateque jactari,

id. Div. 1, 29, 60: exsultare voluptate, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 301, 7 (Rep. 3, 36 ed. Mos.):

laetitiā,

id. Clu. 5, 14; id. Tusc. 5, 6, 16 (with temere gestiens); id. Att. 15, 21, 1; Liv. 27, 2, 2:

gaudio,

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66:

victoriā,

id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16; cf.

successu,

Verg. A. 2, 386:

gestis,

Tac. Agr. 8:

vana spe,

Quint. 6, 4, 17 et saep.: in ruinis alicujus, [p. 706] Cic. Balb. 26, 58: in omni crudelitate, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 300, 26 (Rep. 2, 41 ed. Mos.):

Graeci exsultant, quod, etc.,

id. Att. 6, 1, 15: dum histrio in cubiculum principis exsultaverit (= exorchêsaito, Gronov.), Tac. A. 11, 28 (al. insultaverit).— Absol.:

illa theatra (i. e. spectatores) exsultant,

Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 39 Mos. N. cr.:

furorem exsultantem reprimere,

id. Sest. 44, 95; cf.:

exsultantem laetitiam comprimere,

id. Top. 22, 86:

laus in qua maxime ceterorum exsultat oratio,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 54.—Hence, ex-sultans ( exult-), antis, P. a.

(Acc. to I. B. fin.) Of short syllables, skipping, hopping:

paululum morae damus inter ultimum ac proximum verbum... alioqui sit exsultantissimum et trimetri finis,

Quint. 9, 4, 108.—

(Acc. to II. B.)

Boastful, vain-glorious:

turbati aut exsultantis animi motus,

Tac. H. 1, 17.—

Of an orator or an oration, diffuse, prolix:

fiunt pro grandibus tumidi... laetis corrupti, compositis exsultantes,

Quint. 10, 2, 16; cf. id. 12, 10, 12; 8, 3, 56; 9, 4, 69 (with remissae);

10, 4, 1: Cicero supra modum exsultans et superfluens,

Tac. Dial. 18.— Hence, * Adv.: exsultanter, diffusely, at large; only comp.:

quae hilarius et quasi exsultantius scripsi,

Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 10.

grātŭlor, ātus, 1, v. dep. n. and a. [gratus].

To manifest one's joy, i. e. to wish a person joy, to congratulate; or to rejoice (freq. and class.; cf. grator).—Constr., alicui, ( alicui) de aliqua re or aliquid, quod, rarely in, pro aliqua re, aliqua re, alicui rei, an object-clause, or absol.:

unum illud nescio, gratulerne tibi, an timeam, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 5, 2; cf. id. ib. 2, 9, 1:

gratulor tibi, mi Balbe, vereque gratulor,

id. ib. 6, 12, 1:

ipse mihi gratulatus sum,

id. ib. 3, 11, 2:

sibi,

Vell. 2, 104, 3; Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 6:

quod mihi de filia et de Crassipede gratularis, agnosco humanitatem tuam,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 11; cf.:

quod mihi de nostro statu, etc., gratularis: minime miramur, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 7, 7;

1, 7, 11: ego vero vehementer gratulor de judicio ambitus,

id. ib. 3, 12, 1:

legatio de victoria gratulatum venit,

Liv. 45, 13, 12:

Caesare interfecto M. Brutus Ciceronem nominatim exclamavit atque ei recuperatam libertatem est gratulatus,

congratulated him on the restoration of liberty, Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 28; cf.:

ei voce maxima victoriam gratulatur,

id. Verr. 1, 7, 19:

mihi gratulatus es illius diei celebritatem,

id. Att. 5, 20, 1 (but cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 507):

Sejanum oppressum,

Suet. Claud. 6:

Athenienses victoriam gratulabantur,

Curt. 4, 8, 12:

civitates quae gratulatae illi sibique victoriam fuerant,

Just. 8, 3 init.:

gratulor tibi pro amicitia nostra,

Sall. J. 9, 2:

tibi pro opportunitate temporis gratulor, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 15, 14, 3; cf.:

tamen, quod abes, gratulor,

id. ib. 2, 5, 1; 4, 14, 1; 13, 73, 1; id. Sest. 8, 20; Curt. 6, 7, 15; 8, 12, 17; Tac. H. 4, 64; Suet. Tib. 9:

tibi etiam in hoc gratulor,

Cic. Planc. 37, 91; cf.:

qua in re tibi gratulor ita vehementer,

id. Fam. 6, 11, 1:

temporibus nostris gratulare pro ingenio tali,

Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 5: gratulor tibi affinitate viri mediusfidius optimi, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13, 1:

vires ejus sibi accessisse gratulabatur,

Just. 13, 5, 15; Val. Max. 3, 1, 2:

tota mihi mente tibique Gratulor, ingenium non latuisse tuum,

Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 54; cf.:

ego me nunc denique natum Gratulor,

congratulate myself, id. A. A. 3, 122:

ipse mihi gratulatus sum,

Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 2:

gratulor victoriae suae,

id. ib. 4, 8, 1:

felicitati tuae,

id. ib. 9, 14, 7:

itaque inter se impii cives, quasi vicissent, gratulabantur,

id. Phil. 12, 7, 18:

neque enim regio fuit ulla, ex qua non publice ad me venerint gratulatum,

id. Pis. 22, 51:

laeto vultu gratulantes,

id. Att. 8, 9, 2:

gratulatum satis suo nomine,

Liv. 45, 14, 4:

cum gratulamur (in dicendo),

Quint. 3, 4, 3:

Gratulantes ex sententia,

id. 8, 5, 1:

gratulanti inter poenam,

congratulating himself, Suet. Tib. 60:

elemento gratulor,

Juv. 15, 86.—

To give thanks, render thanks, to thank, esp. a deity, =grates, gratias agere (mostly ante-class.): Juppiter, tibi, summe, tandem male re gesta gratulor, Enn. ap. Non. 116, 30 (Trag. v. 242 Vahl.); cf.: eamus Jovi maximo gratulatum, Scip. Afric. ap. Gell. 4, 18, 3: gratulor divis, Afran. ap. Prisc. p. 804, and ap. Non. 116, 33:

deos gratulando obtundere,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 6: dis immortalibus, M. Cato ap. Cic. Fam. 15, 5, 2:

quapropter illi dolori gratulor,

Quint. 6 praef. § 8 Spald.