portray

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dē-pingo, pinxi, pictum, 3 ( perf. syncop. depinxti, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 154), v. a.

To depict, portray, paint, draw, represent by painting (rare but class.).

Lit.:

tabellas obscenas,

Prop. 2, 6, 27:

pugnam Marathoniam,

Nep. Milt. 6, 3:

imaginem in tabula,

Quint. 6, 1, 32; cf. Gell. 19, 10, 2:

depinge, ubi sistam,

Pers. 6, 79:

idola in pariete,

Vulg. Ezech 8, 10.—

To paint, color:

oculos stibio,

Vulg. 4 Reg. 9, 30.—

Trop., by speech or in thought, to portray, represent, sketch, describe, imagine, conceive:

formam verbis,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 154; cf. Quint. 8, 3, 63:

in illa (sc. republica), quam sibi Socrates Peripatetico illo in sermone depinxerit,

Cic. Rep. 2, 29:

vitam hujusce,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 27, 74:

minuta quaedam nimiumque depicta,

too elaborately defined, id. Or. 12, 39:

quidvis cogitatione,

i. e. to imagine, id. N. D. 1, 15, 39; cf. id. Ac. 2, 15, 48.—

To embroider:

depictas gemmatasque indutus paenulas,

Suet. Calig. 52:

auro depicta chlamys,

Val. Fl. 6, 226.

ex-prĭmo, pressi, pressum, 3, v. a. [premo], to press or squeeze out, to force out (class.).

Lit.:

oleum ex malobathro,

Plin. 12, 26, 59, § 129:

sucum expresso semini,

id. 20, 1, 2, § 3:

sucum flore,

id. 21, 19, 74, § 127:

sucum radici,

id. 27, 13, 109, § 136; cf.: vinum palmis, oleum sesamae (dat.), id. 6, 28, 32, § 161:

oleum amygdalis,

id. 13, 1, 2, § 8:

sudorem de corpore,

Lucr. 5, 487:

lacrimulam oculos terendo,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 23:

si nubium conflictu ardor expressus se emiserit, id esse fulmen,

Cic. Div. 2, 19, 44:

liquorem per densa foramina (cribri),

Ov. M. 12, 438; cf.:

aquam in altum,

Plin. 31, 3, 23, § 39:

aquam in altitudinem,

Vitr. 8, 7:

quantum has (turres) quotidianus agger expresserat,

had carried up, raised, Caes. B. G. 7, 22, 4 Oud.:

pecuniam alicui,

Suet. Oth. 5; id. Vesp. 4.—

Transf.

With an object denoting that out of which something is pressed or squeezed, to press, squeeze, wring:

spongiam ex oleo vel aceto,

Cels. 5, 24 med.:

lanam ex vino vel aceto,

Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 31; cf.:

Venus madidas exprimit imbre comas,

Ov. A. A. 3, 224:

spongiae expressae inter duas tabulas,

Plin. 31, 11, 47, § 128:

oleam,

id. 12, 27, 60, § 130:

folia rosae,

id. 21, 18, 73, § 122:

tuberculum,

id. 11, 11, 12, § 29.—

To form by pressure, to represent, form, model, portray, express (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose;

freq. in the elder Pliny): (faber) et ungues exprimet et molles imitabitur aere capillos,

Hor. A. P. 33; cf.:

alicujus furorem... verecundiae ruborem,

Plin. 34, 14, 40, § 140:

expressa in cera ex anulo imago,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 54:

imaginem hominis gypso e facie ipsa,

Plin. 35, 12, 44, § 153; cf.:

effigiem de signis,

id. ib.:

optime Herculem Delphis et Alexandrum, etc.,

id. 34, 8, 19, § 66 et saep.:

vestis stricta et singulos artus exprimens,

exhibiting, showing, Tac. G. 17:

pulcher aspectu sit athleta, cujus lacertos exercitatio expressit,

has well developed, made muscular, Quint. 8, 3, 10.

Trop.

To squeeze or wring out, to extort, wrest, elicit: lex, quam ex natura ipsa arripuimus, hausimus, expressimus, qs. pressed out, Cic. Mil. 4, 10:

utilitas expressit nomina rerum,

has imposed, Lucr. 5, 1029: cf.:

cum ab iis saepius quaereret, neque ullam omnino vocem exprimere posset,

Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 3:

expressa est Romanis necessitas obsides dandi,

Liv. 2, 13, 4:

confessionem concessi maris hosti,

id. 37, 31, 5:

confessionem cruciatu,

Suet. Galb. 10:

deditionem ultimā necessitate,

Liv. 8, 2, 6:

pecunia vi expressa et coacta,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 165:

tu si tuis blanditiis a Sicyoniis nummulorum aliquid expresseris,

Cic. Att. 1, 19, 9:

risum magis quam gemitum,

Plin. Ep. 4, 7, 7 et saep.—With ut:

expressi, ut conficere se tabulas negaret,

have constrained, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 47, § 112:

expressit, ut polliceretur,

Curt. 6, 7. —

Transf. (acc. to I. B. 2.), to imitate, copy, represent, to portray, describe, express, esp. in words (cf. reddo):

cum magnitudine animi tum liberalitate vitam patris et consuetudinem expresserit,

i. e. imitated, Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 4:

lex expressa ad naturam,

id. Leg. 2, 5, 13:

vitia imitatione ex aliquo expressa,

id. de Or. 3, 12, 47:

rem ante oculos ponit, cum exprimit omnia perspicue, ut res prope dicam manu tentari possit,

Auct. Her. 4, 40, 62; cf. id. ib. §

63: hanc speciem Pasiteles caelavit argento et noster expressit Archias versibus,

Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79:

mores alicujus oratione,

id. de Or. 2, 43, 184:

multas nobis imagines fortissimorum virorum expressas scriptores Graeci et Latini reliquerunt,

id. Arch. 6, 14; cf. id. ib. 12, 30:

in Platonis libris omnibus fere Socrates exprimitur,

id. de Or. 3, 4, 15: Mithridaticum bellum magnum atque difficile totum ab hoc expressum est, depicted to the life, id. Arch. 9, 21; cf.:

ut Euryalum exprimat infans,

may resemble, Juv. 6, 81.—With rel.-clause as object:

diligenter, quae vis subjecta sit vocibus,

id. Fin. 2, 2, 6:

exprimere non possum, quanto sim gaudio affectus,

tell, express, Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 2; Vell. 2, 124, 1:

verbis exprimere quid quis sentiat,

Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 7:

quod exprimere dicendo sensa possumus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 32:

mores in scriptis exprimere,

Suet. Vit. Ter. 4.—Of translating into another language, to render, translate:

si modo id exprimere Latine potuero,

Cic. Rep. 1, 43; cf. id. ib. 1, 44: katalêpsin, verbum e verbo exprimentes comprehensionem dicemus, id. Ac. 2, 10, 31:

nec tamen exprimi verbum e verbo necesse erit,

id. Fin. 3, 4, 15; cf.:

verbum de verbo expressum extulit,

Ter. Ad. prol. 11:

fabellae Latinae ad verbum de Graecis expressae,

Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; Plin. Ep. 4, 18, 1.—Of words, to pronounce, utter:

nolo exprimi litteras putidius nolo obscurari neglegentius,

with affected distinctness, Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 41:

verba,

Quint. 1, 2, 6; 9, 4, 10; 40 al.—Rarely of a personal object:

oratorem imitando effingere atque exprimere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 22, 90:

moderatorem rei publicae nostris libris diligenter expressimus,

id. Att. 8, 11, 1.—Hence, expressus, a, um, P. a., clearly exhibited, prominent, distinct, visible, manifest, clear, plain, express (syn. solidus, opp. adumbratus).

Lit.:

species deorum, quae nihil concreti habeat, nihil solidi, nihil expressi, nihil eminentis,

Cic. N. D. 1, 27, 75; cf.:

litterae lituraeque omnes assimulatae, expressae,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 189:

corpora lacertis expressa,

powerful, muscular, Quint. 8 praef. §

19: protinus omnibus membris, expressus infans,

fully formed, id. 2, 4, 6.—

Trop.

In gen.:

habuit Catilina permulta maximarum non expressa signa, sed adumbrata virtutum,

Cic. Cael. 5, 12; cf.:

est gloria solida quaedam res et expressa, non adumbrata,

id. Tusc. 3, 2, 3 (v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 62, p. 723 sq.):

indicia solida et expressa,

id. Planc. 12; cf.:

veri juris germanaeque justitiae solida et expressa effigies,

id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

expressa sceleris vestigia,

id. Rosc. Am. 22, 62:

expressiora et illustriora,

id. Fam. 1, 7, 9; cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 3; and:

quid expressius atque signatius in hanc causam?

Tert. Res. Carn. 3.—

Expressa carmina Battiadae, translated, Cat. 65, 16.—Of distinct pronunciation:

vitia oris emendet, ut expressa sint verba, ut suis quaeque litterae sonis enuntientur,

Quint. 1, 11, 4:

expressior sermo,

id. 1, 1, 37:

expressior loquacitas generi picarum est,

Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 118. —In a bad sense, of a too emphatic, affected pronunciation: sonus erat dulcis: litterae neque expressae neque oppressae, ne aut obscurum esset aut putidum, Cic Off. 1, 37, 133.—Hence, adv.: expressē.

Lit., with pressure, strongly:

artus expressius fricare,

Scrib. Comp. 198.—

Trop., expressly, distinctly, clearly:

conscripta exempla,

Auct. Her. 4, 7, 10:

quod ipsum expressius Hesiodus hoc versu significavit,

Col. 11, 1, 29.—Of pronunciation, distinctly:

ut ea (R littera) a nullo expressius efferretur,

Val. Max. 8, 7, 1 ext.

ĭmĭtor, ātus, 1 (archaic inf. pres. imitarier, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 25; Lucr. 5, 1377), v. freq. a. dep. [root im-, cf. aemulus], to imitate.

To represent, to express, copy, portray (class.):

summum illum luctum penicillo,

to portray, Cic. Or. 22, 74; cf.:

oris (Coae Veneris) pulchritudo reliqui corporis imitandi spem auferebat,

id. Off. 3, 2, 10:

aut Ialysi aut Coae Veneris pulchritudinem,

id. Or. 2, 5; id. Brut. 18, 70:

chirographum,

id. N. D. 3, 30, 74; id. Fam. 9, 20, 2:

faber ungues Exprimet et molles imitabitur aere capillos,

Hor. A. P. 33; cf.:

argillā quidvis imitabitur udā,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 8:

hunc in persona lenonis,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:

populi speciem et nomen,

id. Rep. 3, 33:

antiquitatem,

id. Brut. 36, 137; cf.:

heroum veteres casus fictosque luctus imitari atque adumbrare dicendo,

id. de Or. 5, 47, 380:

imitans, ut est mos, facta et dicta vivi,

Suet. Vesp. 19:

sine imitandorum carminum actu ludiones,

not expressing by gesticulation, Liv. 7, 2, 4:

gaudia falsa,

Tib. 3, 6, 33; cf.

maestitiam,

Tac. A. 1, 24:

quaecumque (pictura) imitata figuram est,

Juv. 6, 341.— Poet.: putre solum imitamur arando, i. e. to make loose or friable, Verg. G. 2, 204:

robore duro Stipitibus ferrum sudibusque imitantur obustis,

replace, substitute, supply the place of, id. A. 11, 894:

pocula vitea fermento atque sorbis,

id. G. 3, 380; cf.:

diuturni mores consensu utentium comprobati legem imitantur,

Just. Inst. 1, 2, 9. —

To imitate, to act like, copy after, seek to resemble, counterfeit something (so most freq.):

imitabor nepam,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 7:

imitabor ergo Aratum, qui magnis de rebus dicere exordiens, a Jove incipiendum putat,

Cic. Rep. 1, 36; cf.:

imitor Archytam,

id. ib. 1, 38:

Platonem,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 10:

aliquem imitando effingere atque exprimere,

id. de Or. 2, 22, 90; cf.:

quem (eloquentem) si imitari atque exprimere non possumus,

id. Or. 5, 19:

quem postea imitati sunt multi, aequavit nemo,

Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 126:

ipsi sibi imitandi fuerunt,

Cic. Or. 53, 177:

qui maxime imitandus, et solus imitandus est,

Quint. 10, 2, 24; cf.:

tu mihi maxime imitabilis, maxime imitandus videbaris,

Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 4:

noster ille amicus, dignus huic ad imitandum,

Cic. Rep. 1, 1 Mos.:

populi consuetudinem,

id. ib. 2, 20:

non dicam plura, ne, in quo te objurgem, id ipsum videar imitari,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 6:

in adeundis periculis consuetudo imitanda medicorum est,

id. Off. 1, 24, 83:

quod faciendum imitandumque est omnibus, ut, etc.,

id. Lael. 19, 70:

factum praeclarum expositum ad imitandum,

id. Phil. 2, 44, 114:

in qua (sc. domo) sollicitas imitatur janua portas,

resembles, Juv. 7, 42.

Act. form ĭmĭto, āre (anteclass.): si malos imitabo, Liv. Andr. ap. Non. 473, 22 (Fragm. Trag. v. 1 Rib.):

tuum opus nemo imitare potest,

Varr. ib. 21.—

ĭmĭtātus, a, um, in pass. signif.:

imitata et efficta simulacra,

Cic. Univ. 3, 6:

cum sint alii veri affectus, alii ficti et imitati,

Quint. 11, 3, 61:

nec abest imitata voluptas,

Ov. M. 9, 481; Avien. Fab. 5, 17.

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ef-fingo, finxi, fictum, 3, v. a., orig., to work out by pressing = fingendo exprimere, ekmassein (v. fingo).—Hence,

To form, fashion (artistically—class.; most freq. in the trop. sense; cf.: formo, informo, conformo, fingo, reddo, instituo, etc.).

Lit.:

oris lineamenta in tabula: Veneris Coae pulchritudinem aspersione fortuita,

Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23:

sui dissimilia,

id. N. D. 3, 9, 23:

deum imagines in species hominum,

Tac. H. 5, 5 et saep.— Poet.:

(Daedalus) casus alicujus in auro,

Verg. A. 6, 32; cf. id. ib. 10, 640; Luc. 5, 713:

horrentes effingens crine galeros,

Sil. 1, 404.—

Trop., to express, represent, portray:

(natura) speciem ita formavit oris, ut in ea penitus reconditos mores effingeret,

Cic. Leg. 1, 9; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47; id. de Or. 2, 43 fin.; Tac. A. 11, 14; Quint. 6, 2, 17:

oratorem effingere (connected with corpora fingendo efficere),

id. 5, 12, 21:

effinge aliquid et excude (sc. scribendo), quod sit perpetuo tuum,

Plin. Ep. 1, 3, 4:

imaginem virtutis,

to represent by imitation, Quint. 10, 2, 15; cf. id. 10, 1, 108; 11, 3, 89 sq.; Plin. Ep. 9, 22, 2.—Of the conception of external objects:

visum impressum effictumque ex eo, unde esset,

id. Ac. 2, 6, 18; cf. id. Tusc. 1, 25, 61; id. de Or. 2, 86 fin. —

To wipe clean, wipe out (only in the foll. passages):

fiscinas spongia effingat,

Cato R. R. 67, 2 (for which: fiscinas spongia tergendas, Plin. 15, 6, 6, § 22):

spongiis sanguinem,

Cic. Sest. 35 fin., v. Halm ad h. l.—

To rub gently, stroke:

manus,

Albin. Cons. ad Liv. 138; Ov. H. 20, 134 (for which: manus fingere, id. F. 5, 409).

rĕ-praesento, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.

To bring before one, to bring back; to show, exhibit, display, manifest, represent (class.):

per quas (visiones) imagines rerum absentium ita repraesentantur animo, ut eas cernere oculis ac praesentes habere videamur,

Quint. 6, 2, 29:

memoriae vis repraesentat aliquid,

id. 11, 2, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 9, 28, 3:

quod templum repraesentabat memoriam consulatūs mei,

Cic. Sest. 11, 26: si quis vultu torvo ferus simulet Catonem, Virtutemne repraesentet moresque Catonis? * Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 14:

imbecillitatem ingenii mei,

Val. Max. 2, 7, 6:

movendi ratio aut in repraesentandis est aut imitandis adfectibus,

Quint. 11, 3, 156:

urbis species repraesentabatur animis,

Curt. 3, 10, 7; cf.:

affectum patris amissi,

Plin. Ep. 4, 19, 1:

nam et vera esse et apte ad repraesentandam iram deūm ficta possunt,

Liv. 8, 6, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

volumina,

to recite, repeat, Plin. 7, 24, 24, § 89:

viridem saporem olivarum etiam post annum,

Col. 12, 47, 8:

faciem veri maris,

id. 8, 17, 6:

colorem constantius,

to show, exhibit, Plin. 37, 8, 33, § 112:

vicem olei,

i. e. to supply the place of, id. 28, 10, 45, § 160; cf. id. 18, 14, 36, § 134.—

Of painters, sculptors, etc., to represent, portray, etc. (post-Aug. for adumbro):

Niceratus repraesentavit Alcibiadem,

Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 88.—With se, to present one ' s self, be present, Col. 1, 8, 11; 11, 1, 26; Dig. 48, 5, 15, § 3.—

In partic., mercant. t. t., to pay immediately or on the spot; to pay in ready money: reliquae pecuniae vel usuram [p. 1572] Silio pendemus, dum a Faberio vel ab aliquo qui Faberio debet, repraesentabimus, shall be enabled to pay immediately, Cic. Att. 12, 25, 1; 12, 29, 2:

summam,

Suet. Aug. 101:

legata,

id. Calig. 16:

mercedem,

id. Claud. 18; id. Oth. 5; Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2 Oud. N. cr.:

dies promissorum adest: quem etiam repraesentabo, si adveneris,

shall even anticipate, Cic. Fam. 16, 14, 2; cf. fideicommissum, to discharge immediately or in advance, Dig. 35, 1, 36.—

Transf., in gen., to do, perform, or execute any act immediately, without delay, forthwith; hence, not to defer or put off; to hasten (good prose): se, quod in longiorem diem collaturus esset, repraesentaturum et proximā nocte castra moturum, * Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

festinasse se repraesentare consilium,

Curt. 6, 11, 33:

petis a me, ut id quod in diem suum dixeram debere differri, repraesentem,

Sen. Ep. 95, 1; and Front. Aquaed. 119 fin.:

neque exspectare temporis medicinam, quam repraesentare ratione possimus,

to apply it immediately, Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 6; so,

improbitatem suam,

to hurry on, id. Att. 16, 2, 3:

spectaculum,

Suet. Calig. 58:

tormenta poenasque,

id. Claud. 34:

poenam,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 32; Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:

verbera et plagas,

Suet. Vit. 10:

vocem,

to sing immediately, id. Ner. 21 et saep.:

si repraesentari morte meā libertas civitatis potest,

can be immediately recovered, Cic. Phil. 2, 46, 118:

minas irasque caelestes,

to fulfil immediately, Liv. 2, 36, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf. Suet. Claud. 38:

judicia repraesentata,

held on the spot, without preparation, Quint. 10, 7, 2.—

To represent, stand in the place of (late Lat.): nostra per eum repraesentetur auctoritas, Greg. M. Ep. 1, 1.