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  • 1 effigies

    effĭgĭes, ēi (ante-class. form nom.:

    effĭgĭa,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 7; Afran. ap. Non. 493, 2; Inscr. Orell. 7416 l.— Nom. plur.:

    effigiae,

    Lucr. 4, 105.— Acc. plur.:

    effigias,

    id. 4, 42 and 85), f. [effingo, I.], an (artistic) copy, imitation of an object (in concreto— for syn. cf.: imago, pictura, simulacrum, signum, statua, tabula).
    I.
    (Class.) With the accessory idea of resemblance obtained by imitation, a likeness, portrait, image, effigy.
    A.
    Lit.:

    formarum,

    Lucr. 4, 105; cf. id. ib. 42 and 85: Veneris, * Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 7; cf.:

    deus effigies hominis et imago,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 37, 103:

    quandam effigiem spirantis mortui,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1; cf. also: simulacrum deae (Veneris) non effigie humana, Tac. H. 2, 3 fin.; and:

    quam satus Iapeto... Finxit in effigiem moderantum cuncta deorum,

    Ov. M. 1, 83:

    vix convenire videretur, quem ipsum hominem cuperent evertere, ejus effigiem simulacrumque servare,

    his mere effigy, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 65 fin.:

    effigiem Xanthi Trojamque videtis,

    Verg. A. 3, 497; of shades, ghosts:

    effigiem nullo cum corpore falsi finxit apri,

    Ov. M. 14, 358; Sil. 13, 778; cf.:

    effigies, immo umbrae hominum,

    Liv. 21, 40, 9;

    of the shade of a deceased person in a dream,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 4;

    or in the lower world,

    Sil. 13, 779. —
    2.
    Adv.: in or ad effigiem or effigie, after the likeness of, in the form of, like, Sil. 5, 5; Plin. 5, 10, 11, § 62; 21, 5, 11, § 23.—
    B.
    Trop. (a favorite expression of Cic.):

    perfectae eloquentiae speciem animo videmus, effigiem auribus quaerimus,

    its imitation, Cic. Or. 3 (v. the passage in connection); cf.:

    consiliorum ac virtutum effigiem relinquere,

    id. Arch. 12, 30:

    Sex. Peducaeus reliquit effigiem et humanitatis et probitatis suae filium,

    the image, id. Fin. 2, 18, 58; cf. id. Tusc. 3, 2; id. de Or. 1, 43, 193; Liv. 26, 41; 1, 56:

    ad effigiem justi imperii scriptus,

    the ideal, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:

    ut res ipsas rerum effigies notaret,

    id. de Or. 2, 86 fin.; cf.

    effingo, I. B.: ostensus est in alia effigie,

    appeared in another form, Vulg. Marc. 16, 12.—
    II.
    Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, in gen., the plastic (less freq. the pictorial) representation of an object, an image, statue, portrait: saxea ut effigies bacchantis, * Cat. 64, 61; Verg. A. 2, 167; 184; 3, 148; 7, 177; Hor. S. 1, 8, 30; Ov. H. 20, 239; Tac. A. 1, 74; 6, 2; id. H. 5, 9 al.; Quint. 6, 1, 32; cf. id. 12, 10, 5; Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 7; Vulg. Sap. 15, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > effigies

  • 2 cēra

        cēra ae, f    [2 CER-], wax: fingere e cerā: calamos cerā coniungere, V. — Meton., plur, the wax cells (of bees), V. — A writing-tablet, leaf of wood covered with wax: ex illis tabulis cerāve recitata, L.: vacua, O.: prima, the first leaf, H.: extrema.— A seal (of wax), C., O.—A waxen image, wax figure, family portrait: veteres, Iu., S.
    * * *
    wax, beeswax; honeycomb; wax-covered writing tablet, letter; wax image/seal

    Latin-English dictionary > cēra

  • 3 effigiēs

        effigiēs acc. em, f    [ex + FIG-], a copy, imitation, counterpart, likeness, semblance, effigy: deus hominis: deorum, O.: quem cuperent evertere, eius effigiem servare, his mere effigy.—An image, statue, figure: avorum ex cedro, V.: Neronis, Ta.: Saxea bacchantis, Ct.: Lanea, H.—Fig., an image, ideal, symbol, expression: consiliorum ac virtutum effigiem relinquere: reliquit effigiem probitatis suae filium, the image: sui ingeni, symbol, L.: ad effigiem iusti imperi scriptus: ut res ipsas rerum effigies notaret.
    * * *
    copy, image, likeness, portrait; effigy, statue; ghost

    Latin-English dictionary > effigiēs

  • 4 exemplum

        exemplum ī, n    [EM-], a sample, specimen: hominum exempla, i. e. representatives of the race, O.— An imitation, image, portrait, draught, transcript, copy: earum (litterarum), S.: epistulae.— A pattern, model, original, example, precedent, incident, case: simulacrum ab animali exemplo transfertur: litterarum, a draft: exempla ad imitandum: naturae et veritatis: Ex hoc numero (amicorum) nobis exempla sumenda sunt: vir exempli recti: in oculis exemplum erat Fabius, L.: exemplum a me petere, L.: qui exemplum et rectores habebantur, Ta.: spinas Traxit in exemplum, O.: habuerunt virtutes spatium exemplorum, i. e. room to show themselves, Ta.: quasi exempli causā, as an example: sequimur exempla deorum, O.: sententiae exemplo haud salubres, i. e. by becoming a precedent, L.: mala exempla ex rebus bonis orta sunt, S.: illo exemplo confirmat, etc., by that instance: Venit in exemplum furor, served as a lesson, O.: exempli causā paucos nominavi, for example's sake: exempli gratiā.— A warning example, warning, lesson, penalty: Exemplum statuite in me, ut, etc., T.: simile severitatis tuae: in eos omnia exempla cruciatūsque edere, Cs.: ea in civitatem exempli edendi facultas, L.: in eum indigna, T.: esse in exemplo, to serve as a warning, O. — A way, manner, kind, nature: more et exemplo populi R. iter dare, Cs.: eodem exemplo quo, L.: exemplo nubis aquosae Fertur, after the manner of, O.— A tenor, purport, contents: litterae uno exemplo: scribere bis eodem exemplo: hoc exemplo, as follows.
    * * *
    example, sample, specimen; instance; precedent, case; warning, deterent; pattern, model; parallel, analogy; archtype; copy/reproduction, transcription

    Latin-English dictionary > exemplum

  • 5 pingō

        pingō pinxī, pictus, ere,    to paint, make by painting: tabulas: tabulas pictas mirari, paintings, S.—To paint, represent, delineate, depict, portray: (comas) Dione Pingitur sustinuisse manu, is represented in a picture, O.: picta in tabulā Voluptas: aere dato qui pingitur, H.— Prov.: qui numquam philosophum pictum viderunt, a philosopher's portrait.—To embroider: textile stragulum, magnificis operibus pictum: picti tori, with embroidered coverlets, O.: Pictus acu chlamydem, V.—To paint, stain, color: Sanguineis frontem moris, V.: oculos, Iu.: picti scuta, with painted shields, V.—To adorn, decorate, embellish: bibliothecam mihi sittybis.—Fig., of style, to paint, color, embellish: verba: Britanniam coloribus tuis, penicillo meo: (vir) omnibus a me pictus et politus artis coloribus.
    * * *
    pingere, pinxi, pictus V
    paint, draw; depict, portray

    Latin-English dictionary > pingō

  • 6 simulācrum

        simulācrum ī, n    [simulo], a likeness, image, figure, portrait, effigy, statue: eius simulacrum servare: deorum simulacra: templa adire, et ante simulacra proiecti, etc., Cs.: Vix positum Castris (the Palladium), V.: simulacra oppidorum: pugnarum, L.— An image, reflection, form, shade, phantom: quid frustra simulacra fugacia (in aquā visa) captas? O.: infelix Creüsae, ghost, V.: vana (noctis), O.: simulacra modis pallentia miris, V. — A mnemonic sign, figure, emblem: simulacris pro litteris uti.— A description, portraiture, characterization: viri copiosi, L.—Fig., a shadow, semblance, appearance, imitation, pretence: religionis simulacra fingere: aliquod civitatis: pugnaeque cient simulacra sub armis, mock-fights, V.: navalis pugnae, L.: simulacra libertatis senatui praebere, Ta.
    * * *
    likeness, image, statue

    Latin-English dictionary > simulācrum

  • 7 anthropographos

    Latin-English dictionary > anthropographos

  • 8 catagraphum

    three-quarter face portrait; profile portraits (pl.), side views (L+S)

    Latin-English dictionary > catagraphum

  • 9 anthropographos

    anthrōpō̆grăphŏs, i, m., = anthrôpographos, portrait-painter, an epithet of the painter Dionysius, Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > anthropographos

  • 10 exemplum

    exemplum, i, n. [eximo], orig., what is taken out as a sample (cf. eximius, from eximo), a sample.
    I.
    Prop. (cf. exemplar, specimen):

    purpurae, tritici,

    Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9.—Hence,
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    An imitation, image, portrait taken from something; a draught, transcript, copy.
    1.
    Hic quoque exemplum reliquit, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 56; cf.:

    o Apella, o Zeuxis pictor, Cur numero estis mortui? hinc exemplum ut pingeretis: Nam alios pictores nihil moror hujusmodi tractare exempla,

    id. Poen. 5, 4, 102 sq.; and in a pun with the follg. signif. under B.: Th. Exempla edepol faciam ego in te. Tr. Quia placeo, exemplum expetis, id. Most. 5, 1, 67:

    aedes probant: sibi quisque Inde exemplum expetunt,

    a sketch, draught, id. ib. 1, 2, 21; cf. id. ib. 3, 2, 75 sq.:

    Pompeii litterarum ad consulem exemplum attulit: Litterae mihi a L. Domitio allatae sunt: earum exemplum infra scripsi... Deinde supposuit exemplum epistolae Domitii, quod ego ad te pridie miseram,

    a transcript, copy, Cic. Att. 8, 6, 1 sq.; 8, 11, 6; 7, 23, 3; id. Fam. 9, 26, 3; Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 23 al.—
    2.
    An equal, parallel:

    clarissimum Homeri inluxit ingenium, sine exemplo maximum,

    Vell. 1, 5, 1.—
    B.
    A sample for imitation, instruction, proof, a pattern, model, original, example, precedent, case (the predominant meaning of the word).
    1.
    In gen.:

    ut mutum in simulacrum ex animali exemplo veritas transferatur,

    from a living model, original, Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 2; cf.:

    feruntur enim ex optimis naturae et veritatis exemplis,

    id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

    propones illi exempla ad imitandum,

    id. Phil. 10, 2, 5; cf.:

    habere exemplum ad imitandum (corresp. to exemplar),

    id. Mur. 31, 66; and:

    nostris exemplo fuit ad imitandum,

    Suet. Gramm. 2:

    exposita ad exemplum nostra re publica,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 46 fin.; cf. id. ib. 2, 31 fin.:

    loquimur de iis amicis, qui ante oculos sunt... Ex hoc numero nobis exempla sumenda sunt,

    id. Lael. 11, 38:

    aliquem ex barbatis illis exemplum imperii veteris, imaginem antiquitatis,

    id. Sest. 8, 19:

    a sapiente petitur exemplum,

    id. Off. 3, 4, 16:

    exemplum a me petere,

    Liv. 7, 32, 12:

    ab eodem Pompeio omnium rerum egregiarum exempla sumantur,

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:

    ab se ipso exemplum capi posse,

    Liv. 1, 49, 2; cf.:

    cum et ipse sis quasi unicum exemplum antiquae probitatis et fidei,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 5:

    quod in juventute habemus illustrius exemplum veteris sanctitatis?

    id. Phil. 3, 6, 15:

    innocentiae,

    id. de Or. 1, 53, 229:

    qua in muliere etiam nunc quasi exempli causa vestigia antiqui officii remanent,

    as a pattern, example, id. Rosc. Am. 10, 27 (cf. infra, 2.):

    eum virum, unde pudoris pudicitiaeque exempla peterentur,

    id. Deiot. 10, 28:

    firmare animum constantibus exemplis (for constantiae),

    Tac. A. 16, 35; cf.:

    exemplum modestum,

    id. H. 2, 64:

    vitiosi principes plus exemplo quam peccato nocent,

    by their example, Cic. Leg. 3, 14, 32:

    (Tullus Hostilius) de imperio suo, exemplo Pompilii, populum consuluit curiatim,

    id. Rep. 2, 17:

    quod autem exemplo nostrae civitatis usus sum, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 39: atrox videbatur Appi sententia;

    rursus Vergini Larciique exemplo haud salubres,

    i. e. judged by the precedent, Liv. 2, 30 init.:

    divinare morientes etiam illo exemplo confirmat Posidonius, quo affert, etc.,

    by that example, that case, Cic. Div. 1, 30, 64; id. Inv. 1, 30, 49; cf.:

    hinc illa et apud Graecos exempla... levitatis Atheniensium crudelitatisque in amplissimos cives exempla,

    id. Rep. 1, 3:

    datum in omnes provincias exemplum,

    Tac. A. 1, 78; so,

    dare exemplum,

    to set the example, id. ib. 4, 50:

    tertia legio exemplum ceteris praebuit,

    id. H. 2, 85; 4, 52; Val. Max. 3, 6, 5.—
    2.
    Esp. in phrase: exempli causā or gratiā, for instance, for an example (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 437):

    exempli causa paucos nominavi,

    for example's sake, Cic. Phil. 13, 2, 2; cf.:

    quia in alicujus libris exempli causa id nomen invenerant, putarunt, etc.,

    id. Mur. 12, 27; id. Inv. 1, 37, 66:

    haec exempli gratia sufficient,

    Quint. 9, 2, 56; cf.:

    pauca exempli gratia ponam,

    id. 6, 5, 6; 5, 10, 110; cf.:

    ex quibus in exemplum pauca subjeci,

    Suet. Tib. 21 et saep.:

    venit in exemplum furor,

    teaches, Ov. F. 4, 243; cf. Just. 23, 3.—
    3.
    In partic., a warning example, an example, warning, punishment (rare):

    exemplum statuite in me, ut adolescentuli vobis placere studeant potius quam sibi,

    Ter. Heaut. prol. 51; cf.:

    quibus liberi sunt, statuite exemplum, quantae poenae in civitate sint hominibus istiusmodi comparatae,

    Auct. Her. 4, 35, 47:

    simile in superiore parte provinciae edere exemplum severitatis tuae,

    Cic. ad Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5; cf. Tac. A. 3, 36 fin.; so,

    edere exempla in aliquem,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 21; Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 12; Liv. 29, 27, 4:

    ut ne viderem, quae futura exempla dicunt in eum indigna,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 24:

    habet aliquid ex iniquo omne magnum exemplum,

    Tac. A. 14, 44:

    meritum quidem novissima exempla Mithridatem,

    i. e. the punishment of death, id. ib. 12, 20:

    esse in exemplo,

    to serve as a warning, Ov. M. 9, 454; cf. Vulg. Judae, 7 al.:

    exemplo supplicii reliquos deterrere,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 44, 1.—
    4.
    Law t. t., a precedent:

    ad exemplum trahere,

    Just. Inst. 1, 2, 6:

    alicui sine exemplo subvenire,

    id. ib. —
    C.
    A way, manner, kind, nature:

    multi more isto atque exemplo vivunt,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 11; cf.:

    negat se more et exemplo populi Romani posse iter ulli per provinciam dare,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 8, 3:

    uno exemplo ne omnes vitam viverent,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 132:

    istoc exemplo,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 6:

    quot me exemplis ludificatust,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 6:

    eodem exemplo, quo,

    Liv. 31, 12, 3:

    ad hoc exemplum,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 6:

    quod ad exemplum,

    id. Trin. 4, 2, 76 et saep.—Hence often of methods or examples of punishment (cf. 3. supra):

    quando ego te exemplis pessumis cruciavero,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 33:

    omnibus exemplis crucior,

    id. Bacch. 5, 1, 6; cf. id. Most. 1, 3, 35; 55; 5, 1, 67.—Freq. of the tenor, purport, contents of a letter, etc.:

    litterae uno exemplo,

    i. e. of the same tenor, Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 1; 10, 5, 1:

    scribere bis eodem exemplo,

    id. ib. 9, 16, 1:

    testamentum duplex... sed eodem exemplo,

    Suet. Tib. 76:

    Capua litterae sunt allatae hoc exemplo: Pompeius mare transiit, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 9, 6, 3:

    (litterarum) exemplum componere,

    id. Agr. 2, 20, 53; Suet. Calig. 55.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > exemplum

  • 11 Paralus

    Părălus, i, m., = Paralos (of or belonging to the sea), an Athenian hero whose portrait was painted by Protogenes, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 101; 7, 58, 58, § 207; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 60, § 135 Zumpt.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Paralus

  • 12 similitudo

    sĭmĭlĭtūdo, ĭnis, f. [similis].
    I.
    In gen., likeness, resemblance, similitude (class.).
    (α).
    With gen.:

    id ex similitudine floris lilium appellabant,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 73:

    id ad similitudinem panis efficiebant,

    id. B. C. 3, 48; cf.:

    umor ex hordeo aut frumento in quandam similitudinem vini corruptus,

    Tac. G. 23:

    armorum,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 50:

    coronae,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 11, 28:

    similitudo speciesque sapientium,

    id. Off. 3, 4, 16:

    studiorum societas similitudoque,

    id. Phil. 7, 2, 6: artis imago et similitudo. id. de Or. 2, 87, 356: similitudo servitutis, id. Rep. 1, 27, 43:

    domini,

    id. ib. 3, 34, 46; cf. id. ib. 1, 28, 44:

    regum,

    id. ib. 1, 41, 64:

    quorum (virorum),

    id. Tusc. 1, 46, 110:

    amoris humani,

    id. Lael. 21, 81:

    quae (gloria) habet speciem honestatis et similitudinem,

    id. Fin. 5, 24, 69:

    si cupis in te conparebit similitudo,

    Sen. Ep. 84, 8:

    exemplum deorum hominisve similitudinis expressae,

    Plin. 34, 7, 17, § 38.—
    (β).
    Absol.:

    nec vero ille artifex (Phidias), cum faceret Jovis formam aut Minervae, contemplabatur aliquem, e quo similitudinem duceret,

    Cic. Or. 2, 9:

    quam intuens ad illius similitudinem artem et manum dirigebat,

    id. ib.; so of a likeness in a portrait or image:

    nemo, quamvis paratos habeat colores, similitudinem reddet,

    Sen. Ep. 71, 2; Plin. 34, 7, 17, § 38; 35, 10, 36, § 88; and in the plur., id. 35, 12, 43, § 151:

    nihil est, quod ad se rem ullam tam alliciat, quam ad amicitiam similitudo,

    Cic. Lael. 14, 50; id. de Or. 2, 23, 96;

    so of mind or character: est igitur homini cum deo similitudo,

    id. Leg. 1, 8, 25:

    est nonnulla in his etiam inter ipsos similitudo,

    id. Brut. 16, 63:

    ad similitudinem deo propius accedebat humana virtus quam, etc.,

    comes nearer in likeness, bears a nearer resemblance, id. N. D. 1, 34, 96:

    hanc similitudinem qui imitatione adsequi volet,

    id. de Or. 2, 23, 96:

    genus imperii proximum similitudini regiae,

    bearing a very close resemblance to the royal power, id. Rep. 2, 32, 56:

    contrahit celeriter similitudo eos,

    Liv. 1, 46, 7.— Plur.:

    ut omittam similitudines,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 40, 62:

    sunt quaedam animi similitudines cum corpore,

    id. Tusc. 2, 23, 54:

    per rationem similitudines conparare,

    id. Off. 1, 4, 11.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Imitation:

    esse multos qui neminem imitentur, et suāpte naturā, quod velint, sine cujusquam similitudine consequantur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 23, 98.—
    B.
    Analogy, application to similar cases:

    deduxisti totam hanc rem in duo genera solum causarum, cetera innumerabilia exercitationi et similitudini reliquisti,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 71.—
    C.
    Sameness, uniformity, monotony: variare autem orationem magno opere oportebit;

    nam omnibus in rebus similitudo est satietatis mater,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 41, 76.—
    D.
    In partic., rhetor. t. t., a comparison, simile, similitude:

    similitudo est oratio traducens ad rem quampiam aliquid ex re dispari simile,

    Auct. Her. 4, 45, 59; Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 168; id. Top. 10, 41:

    argumentorum et similitudinum copia,

    id. Brut. 38, 143 fin.; Quint. 9, 1, 31; 9, 2, 2; 8, 3, 72 et saep.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > similitudo

  • 13 simulacrum

    sĭmŭlācrum, i, n. [simulo], an image formed in the likeness of a thing, a likeness, image, form, representation, semblance (class.; syn.: imago, effigies, signum).
    I.
    Lit., of images formed by art, reflected in a mirror, or seen in a dream; of apparitions, visions, etc. (the latter mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose).
    A.
    Of images formed by art, esp. of statues of the gods, an image, figure, portrait, effigy, statue, etc.:

    alicujus effigiem simulacrumque servare,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 65, § 159; cf.:

    statuas et imagines, non animorum simulacra sed corporum... relinquere,

    id. Arch. 12, 30:

    Helenae se pingere simulacrum velle dixit (Zeuxis),

    id. Inv. 2, 1, 1; cf. id. Fam. 5, 12, 7:

    delubra magnifica humanis consecrata simulacris,

    id. Rep. 3, 9, 14;

    but cf.: simulacrum deae non effigie humanā,

    Tac. H. 2, 3:

    deorum simulacra sanctissima,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 3;

    so of the images of the gods,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 185; Caes. B. G. 6, 16; 6, 17; id. B. C. 2, 5; 3, 105; Tac. H. 2, 3; id. A. 12, 22 al.:

    tueri aras simulacraque divom,

    Lucr. 5, 75; 5, 308:

    et bene facta deum frangit simulacra,

    id. 6, 419; Verg. A. 2, 172; Ov. M. 10, 694; 15, 658 al.; cf.:

    Herculis simulacrum,

    Liv. 9, 44 fin.: simulacra oppidorum, Cic. Pis. 25, 60; cf.

    pugnarum,

    Liv. 41, 28, 10:

    Balbum in triumpho omnium gentium urbiumque nomina ac simulacra duxisse,

    Plin. 5, 5, 5, § 36; cf.

    also: simulacrum celebrati diei pingere,

    Liv. 24, 16 fin.:

    montium, fluviorum,

    Tac. A. 2, 41.— Poet., of the Trojan horse, Verg. A. 2, 232 (for which, effigies, id. ib. 2, 184).—
    b.
    Adverb.: ad or per simulacrum (like ad similitudinem, formam), in the form of, after the pattern of:

    aurata aedes ad simulacrum templi Veneris collocata,

    Suet. Caes. 84:

    ad simulacrum ignium ardens Pharus,

    id. Flor. 4, 2, 88; cf.:

    ad simulacrum caelestium siderum,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 3:

    digiti per litterarum simulacra ducuntur,

    Sen. Ep. 94, 51.—
    B.
    An image, form, shade, phantom seen in a mirror, in a dream, etc.; analogous to the Gr. eidôlon:

    quaecunque apparent nobis simulacra,

    Lucr. 4, 99; cf.:

    per aquas, quae nunc rerum simulacra videmus,

    id. 1, 1060:

    quid frustra simulacra fugacia (in aquā visa) captas?

    Ov. M. 3, 432. —Of the shades or ghosts of the departed:

    quaedam simulacra modis pallentia miris,

    Lucr. 1, 123 (cf. Verg. G. 1, 477 infra); cf.:

    est via declivis (in Tartarum)... umbrae recentes Descendunt illac simulacraque functa sepulcris,

    Ov. M. 4, 435; so id. ib. 10, 14:

    simulacra cara parentis,

    id. ib. 14, 112; cf. Verg. A. 2, 772:

    ut bibere in somnis sitiens cum quaerit... laticum simulacra petit, etc.,

    Lucr. 4, 1099; cf.:

    (canes) Expergefacti secuntur inania saepe Cervorum simulacra,

    id. 4, 995:

    simulacra inania somni,

    Ov. H. 9, 39:

    vana (noctis),

    id. Am. 1, 6, 9:

    simulacra modis pallentia miris Visa sub obscurum noctis,

    Verg. G. 1, 477; Sil. 3, 650 al.; cf.:

    ne vacua mens audita simulacra et inanes sibi metus fingeret,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 7.—
    2.
    In the philosoph. lang. of Lucret. (like the Gr. eidôlon and the Lat. spectrum), the form or image of an object of sense or thought presented to the mind; a representation, idea, conception, Lucr. 2, 112; 4, 130; 4, 149 sq.—
    3.
    Of mnemonic signs, types, or emblems:

    ut res ipsas rerum effigies notaret atque ut locis pro cerā, simulacris pro litteris uteremur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 354.—
    4.
    A description, a portraiture of character:

    non inseram simulacrum viri copiosi (Catonis), quae dixerit referendo,

    Liv. 45, 25.—
    5.
    A likeness or similitude:

    diu disputavi, Hominem quojus rei Similem esse arbitrarer simulacrumque habere: Id repperi jam exemplum, etc.,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 6.—
    II.
    In partic., with the predominant idea of mere imitation (opp. to that which is original or real), a shadow, semblance, appearance, etc.:

    simulacrum aliquod ac vestigium civitatis,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 1, 1; cf.:

    simulacra virtutis,

    id. Off. 1, 15, 46; and:

    haec simulacra sunt auspiciorum, auspicia nullo modo,

    id. Div. 2, 33, 71:

    libertatis,

    Tac. A. 1, 77:

    belli simulacra cientes,

    i.e. mock-fights, sham-fights, Lucr. 2, 41; 2, 324:

    pugnaeque cient simulacra sub armis,

    Verg. A. 5, 585; 5, 674; Sil. 16, 529; 7, 119; cf.:

    simulacrum navalis pugnae,

    Liv. 26, 51, 6; 35, 26, 2:

    quibusdam pugnae simulacris ad verum discrimen aciemque justam consuescimus,

    Quint. 2, 10, 8; so,

    ludicrum pugnae,

    Liv. 40, 9:

    decurrentis exercitūs,

    id. 44, 9:

    vindemiae,

    Tac. A. 11, 31:

    civilitatis particulae,

    Quint. 2, 15, 25:

    inania,

    id. 10, 5, 17.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > simulacrum

  • 14 vultus

    vultus ( volt-), ūs, m. ( neutr. collat. form, plur. volta, Enn. ap. Non. p. 230, 15, or Ann. v. 536 Vahl.; Lucr. 4, 1213) [etym. dub.; cf. Goth. vulthus, glory], an expression of countenance, the countenance, visage, as to features and expression; hence, often to be translated by features, looks, air, mien, expression, aspect (syn. aspectus).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., sing.: nam et oculi nimis arguti, quemadmodum animo affecti sumus, loquuntur, et is qui appellatur vultus, [p. 2017] qui nullo in animante esse praeter hominem potest, indicat:

    cujus vim Graeci norunt. nomen omnino non habent,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 9, 27:

    imago animi vultus est, indices oculi,

    id. de Or. 3, 59, 221:

    ea, quae nobis non possumus fingere, facies, voltus, sonus,

    id. ib. 1, 28, 127:

    oculi, supercilia, frons, vultus denique totus, qui sermo quidam tacitus mentis est, hic in fraudem homines impulit,

    id. Pis. 1, 1:

    vultus atque nutus,

    id. Lael. 25, 93:

    acer in hostem,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 40:

    torvus,

    id. Ep. 1, 19, 12:

    maestus,

    id. A. P. 106:

    tali vultu gemens,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 37:

    qui spiritus illi, Qui voltus,

    Verg. A. 5, 649; cf.:

    voltus tuus, cui regendum me tradidi,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 7, 1.— Plur.:

    vultus mehercule tuos mihi expressit omnes,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 30, 3:

    ficti simulatique vultus,

    id. Clu. 26, 72:

    non modo severitatem illorum, sed ne vultus quidem ferre possemus,

    id. Planc. 18, 45:

    tenere vultus mutantem Protea,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 90:

    super omnia vultus Accessere boni,

    kindly, Ov. M. 8, 677:

    vultus modo sumit acerbos,

    id. Tr. 5, 8, 17.—
    B.
    In partic., an angry countenance, stern look, grim visage ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    (justum virum) Non vultus instantis tyranni Mente quatit solidā,

    Hor. C. 3, 3, 3; id. S. 1, 6, 121; 2, 7, 44; Tac. A. 1, 12; Vulg. Psa. 20, 10; 33, 17. —
    II.
    Transf.
    1.
    In gen., the face (syn.: facies, os): simiae vultum subire, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 2:

    bracchia et vultum teretesque suras laudo,

    Hor. C. 2, 4, 21:

    petamque vultus umbra curvis unguibus,

    id. Epod. 5, 93; so in the plur., Ov. M. 5, 59; 5, 217; 5, 292; 6, 630; Mart. 1, 32, 5; Plin. 26, 1, 2, § 2 al.—
    2.
    In partic., a painted face, portrait, likeness:

    vultus Epicurios per cubicula gestant,

    Plin. 35, 2, 2, § 5; Vop. Prob. 23; Treb. Poll. Claud. 14.—
    3.
    The face, look, appearance ( poet.):

    vultus capit illa priores,

    Ov. M. 1, 738:

    inque nitentem Inachidos vultus mutaverat ille juvencam,

    id. ib. 1, 611.—Of things:

    unus erat toto naturae vultus in orbe,

    Ov. M. 1, 6:

    salis placidi,

    Verg. A. 5, 848.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > vultus

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