performing

בְּרָכָהf. (b. h.; ברך) 1) blessing, bestowal of prosperity, good wishes, choice, plenty. Keth.5a הואיל … ב׳ לדגים because on it the blessing was given to the fish (Gen. 1:22, to be fruitful). Y. ib. I, beg.24d אין כתיב ב׳וכ׳ the blessing (Gen. 2:3) refers not to man but to the day.Erub.63b, a. fr. תבא עליו ב׳ blessing rest upon him (he acts rightly). Keth.103a; B. Bath. 144b בִּרְכַת הבית ברובה the blessing of a house consists in the number of inmates (every member of a household contributes to its comfort); Tosef.Keth.XII, 3 ב׳ הבית מרובה. B. Mets.42a אין הב׳ מצוייהוכ׳ blessing (unexpected supply, miraculous increase) will not take place in things which are weighed ; Taan.8b; a. fr.Pes.50b, a. fr. אינו רואה סימן ב׳ לעולם will never see a sign of prosperity; a. fr. 2) benediction, prayer to be recited on certain occasions. Ber.35a man must not taste anything בלא ב׳ without a blessing. Ib. 40b כל ב׳ שאיןוכ׳ a benediction in which the Name of the Lord is not invoked, is no benediction; a. fr.Pl. בְּרָכוֹת. 1) blessings, benedictions. Ib. 45b; a. v. fr.Sabb.115b כותבי ב׳ those who write out the formulas of prayer. 2) Brakhoth, the first treatise of the Mishnah, Talmud, a. Tosefta.Compounds: בִּרְכַת אבלים the prayer for consolation inserted in the mourners grace after meal. Keth.8b; a. fr.ב׳ ארוסין benediction preceding betrothal, v. אֵרוּסִין Ib. 7b.ב׳ הארץ that portion of the grace after meal which refers to Palestine. Ib. 8b.ב׳ הזבח the benediction before partaking of the festive offering (חֲגִיגָה) which accompanies the Paschal lamb. Pes.X, 9 (120a).ב׳ הזימון the appeal to the partakers of a meal to say grace, common prayer. Ber.45b.ב׳ חתנים benediction on performing the marriage ceremony, also inserted in the grace after wedding meals during seven days. Keth.8b.ב׳ כהנים the priestly benediction (Num. 6:24–26). Sot.VII, 6.ב׳ המזון grace after meal. Keth. l. c.ב׳ המצוות benediction on performing a divine command (of a symbolic nature). Ib. 7b.ב׳ רחבה benediction of consolation pronounced in open air on the mourners return from burial (v. הַבְרָאָה). Ib. 8b.ב׳ התורה benediction before and after reading the Law. Y.Ber.I, 3c.(For other compounds see the respective determinants. 3) blasphemy. בִּרְכַת השם. Snh.56a sq.; (Tosef.Ab. Zar. VIII (IX), 4 קיללת).

בְּרָכָהf. (b. h.; ברך) 1) blessing, bestowal of prosperity, good wishes, choice, plenty. Keth.5a הואיל … ב׳ לדגים because on it the blessing was given to the fish (Gen. 1:22, to be fruitful). Y. ib. I, beg.24d אין כתיב ב׳וכ׳ the blessing (Gen. 2:3) refers not to man but to the day.Erub.63b, a. fr. תבא עליו ב׳ blessing rest upon him (he acts rightly). Keth.103a; B. Bath. 144b בִּרְכַת הבית ברובה the blessing of a house consists in the number of inmates (every member of a household contributes to its comfort); Tosef.Keth.XII, 3 ב׳ הבית מרובה. B. Mets.42a אין הב׳ מצוייהוכ׳ blessing (unexpected supply, miraculous increase) will not take place in things which are weighed ; Taan.8b; a. fr.Pes.50b, a. fr. אינו רואה סימן ב׳ לעולם will never see a sign of prosperity; a. fr. 2) benediction, prayer to be recited on certain occasions. Ber.35a man must not taste anything בלא ב׳ without a blessing. Ib. 40b כל ב׳ שאיןוכ׳ a benediction in which the Name of the Lord is not invoked, is no benediction; a. fr.Pl. בְּרָכוֹת. 1) blessings, benedictions. Ib. 45b; a. v. fr.Sabb.115b כותבי ב׳ those who write out the formulas of prayer. 2) Brakhoth, the first treatise of the Mishnah, Talmud, a. Tosefta.Compounds: בִּרְכַת אבלים the prayer for consolation inserted in the mourners grace after meal. Keth.8b; a. fr.ב׳ ארוסין benediction preceding betrothal, v. אֵרוּסִין Ib. 7b.ב׳ הארץ that portion of the grace after meal which refers to Palestine. Ib. 8b.ב׳ הזבח the benediction before partaking of the festive offering (חֲגִיגָה) which accompanies the Paschal lamb. Pes.X, 9 (120a).ב׳ הזימון the appeal to the partakers of a meal to say grace, common prayer. Ber.45b.ב׳ חתנים benediction on performing the marriage ceremony, also inserted in the grace after wedding meals during seven days. Keth.8b.ב׳ כהנים the priestly benediction (Num. 6:24–26). Sot.VII, 6.ב׳ המזון grace after meal. Keth. l. c.ב׳ המצוות benediction on performing a divine command (of a symbolic nature). Ib. 7b.ב׳ רחבה benediction of consolation pronounced in open air on the mourners return from burial (v. הַבְרָאָה). Ib. 8b.ב׳ התורה benediction before and after reading the Law. Y.Ber.I, 3c.(For other compounds see the respective determinants. 3) blasphemy. בִּרְכַת השם. Snh.56a sq.; (Tosef.Ab. Zar. VIII (IX), 4 קיללת).

אִיסּוּרII, אִסּוּר m. ( אסר; cmp. b. h. אֵסוּר, a. אֵיסוּר) 1) band, chain; trnsf. social circle. Succ.45b (ref. to Ps. 118:27) כל העושה א׳ לחגוכ׳ he who creates a circle for the festival with eating and drinking, i. e. social pleasures. (Oth. explan.: he who makes an addition to the number of festive days;hence the popular name of אסרו חג for the day following the festivals. 2) prohibition, interdict; also the forbidden object. Y.Ber.I, 3b bot. דברי תורה יש בהן א׳וכ׳ the Biblical law contains prohibitions and permissions.א׳ ערוה an obstacle to marriage by the existing laws of incest, e. g. a man prevented from performing a levirate marriage because his late brothers wife is his own wifes sister; א׳ מצוה a marriage (or sexual connection) permitted in the Torah but forbidden by Rabbinical enactment;so called because obedience to the Rabbis is a meritorious act ( מצוה); א׳ קדושה marriage restrictions incumbent on priests on account of their sacred office; (another opinion inverts the last two definitions). Yeb.II, 3 (20a).אין א׳ חל על א׳ one prohibition can take no legal hold where another prohibition already exists; i. e. you can punish, or impose sacrificial expiation, only for the first one; e. g. if you eat the meat of an unclean animal which, besides, has not been slaughtered according to ritual ( נבלה). Ib. 13b; a. fr.Exceptions to this principle (adopted by most authorities) are when the acceding act is: 1) א׳ כֹּולֵל a more comprehensive prohibition, i. e. having a wider range of prohibited objects; e. g. the law imposing abstinence from food on the Day of Atonement includes food in general, i. e. food otherwise allowed as well as food forbidden at all times; א׳ מֹוסִיף a more extensive prohibition, i. e. having a wider range of persons concerned; e. g. the sister of As wife is forbidden to him ( אחות אשתו) but not to his brothers. If, afterwards, his brother B. marries that sister of A.s wife, she is forbidden in marriage (after B.s death) to all the brothers as a brothers wife, and to A. both as his own living wifes sister and as his late brothers wife ( אשת אח); 3) א׳ בַּת אַתַת a coincidental prohibition, i. e. two prohibitions taking effect at the same moment, e. g. the Day of Atonement coinciding with the Sabbath day, in which case the restrictions connected with each take effect at the same time (night-fall); 4) א׳ תָמוּר a heavier prohibition, i. e. a prohibition imposing larger restrictions, e. g. the law prohibiting any profitable use of thing (א׳ הנאה), compared to the lighter prohibition, א׳ קַל, not to eat or drink a thing (v. infra). Yeb.32b sq; Shebu. 24ab; Ḥull.101a sq; Kerith. 14b.א׳ תורה a Biblical prohibitory law; א׳דרבנן a Rabbinical prohibitory enactment.א׳ לאו a prohibition expressed in the Law by a plain (לֹא) ‘thou shalt not, without defining the penalty, in which case the latter consists of thirty nine lashes (v., מַלְקוּת).א׳ כרת a prohibition to which the Bible attaches the penalty of excision (by the hand of God).א׳ מיתה a prohibition the transgression of which the Bible punishes with death (execution).א׳ אכילה the law not to eat (meat boiled with milk); א׳ הנאה not to make any use (of it, as selling); א׳ בישול not to boil (meat with milk), Ḥull.115b; a. fr.א׳ במות v. בָּמָה.Pl. אִיסּוּרִין. Ḥull.98a sq. כל א׳ שבתורה (בטלין) בששים all things Biblically forbidden are neutralized if mixed with a quantity sixty times as large; ib. במאהin a quantity one hundred times as large; a. fr.

אִיסּוּרII, אִסּוּר m. ( אסר; cmp. b. h. אֵסוּר, a. אֵיסוּר) 1) band, chain; trnsf. social circle. Succ.45b (ref. to Ps. 118:27) כל העושה א׳ לחגוכ׳ he who creates a circle for the festival with eating and drinking, i. e. social pleasures. (Oth. explan.: he who makes an addition to the number of festive days;hence the popular name of אסרו חג for the day following the festivals. 2) prohibition, interdict; also the forbidden object. Y.Ber.I, 3b bot. דברי תורה יש בהן א׳וכ׳ the Biblical law contains prohibitions and permissions.א׳ ערוה an obstacle to marriage by the existing laws of incest, e. g. a man prevented from performing a levirate marriage because his late brothers wife is his own wifes sister; א׳ מצוה a marriage (or sexual connection) permitted in the Torah but forbidden by Rabbinical enactment;so called because obedience to the Rabbis is a meritorious act ( מצוה); א׳ קדושה marriage restrictions incumbent on priests on account of their sacred office; (another opinion inverts the last two definitions). Yeb.II, 3 (20a).אין א׳ חל על א׳ one prohibition can take no legal hold where another prohibition already exists; i. e. you can punish, or impose sacrificial expiation, only for the first one; e. g. if you eat the meat of an unclean animal which, besides, has not been slaughtered according to ritual ( נבלה). Ib. 13b; a. fr.Exceptions to this principle (adopted by most authorities) are when the acceding act is: 1) א׳ כֹּולֵל a more comprehensive prohibition, i. e. having a wider range of prohibited objects; e. g. the law imposing abstinence from food on the Day of Atonement includes food in general, i. e. food otherwise allowed as well as food forbidden at all times; א׳ מֹוסִיף a more extensive prohibition, i. e. having a wider range of persons concerned; e. g. the sister of As wife is forbidden to him ( אחות אשתו) but not to his brothers. If, afterwards, his brother B. marries that sister of A.s wife, she is forbidden in marriage (after B.s death) to all the brothers as a brothers wife, and to A. both as his own living wifes sister and as his late brothers wife ( אשת אח); 3) א׳ בַּת אַתַת a coincidental prohibition, i. e. two prohibitions taking effect at the same moment, e. g. the Day of Atonement coinciding with the Sabbath day, in which case the restrictions connected with each take effect at the same time (night-fall); 4) א׳ תָמוּר a heavier prohibition, i. e. a prohibition imposing larger restrictions, e. g. the law prohibiting any profitable use of thing (א׳ הנאה), compared to the lighter prohibition, א׳ קַל, not to eat or drink a thing (v. infra). Yeb.32b sq; Shebu. 24ab; Ḥull.101a sq; Kerith. 14b.א׳ תורה a Biblical prohibitory law; א׳דרבנן a Rabbinical prohibitory enactment.א׳ לאו a prohibition expressed in the Law by a plain (לֹא) ‘thou shalt not, without defining the penalty, in which case the latter consists of thirty nine lashes (v., מַלְקוּת).א׳ כרת a prohibition to which the Bible attaches the penalty of excision (by the hand of God).א׳ מיתה a prohibition the transgression of which the Bible punishes with death (execution).א׳ אכילה the law not to eat (meat boiled with milk); א׳ הנאה not to make any use (of it, as selling); א׳ בישול not to boil (meat with milk), Ḥull.115b; a. fr.א׳ במות v. בָּמָה.Pl. אִיסּוּרִין. Ḥull.98a sq. כל א׳ שבתורה (בטלין) בששים all things Biblically forbidden are neutralized if mixed with a quantity sixty times as large; ib. במאהin a quantity one hundred times as large; a. fr.

בָּחַר(b. h.; √בח, v. preced.) 1) to try, examine; v. infra. 2) (with ב) to choose, select, prefer. Tanḥ. Mishp. 11 בָּחַרְתָּ ביסורים יותרוכ׳ thou didst prefer sufferings to poverty. Mass. Sofrim XIII, 9; a. e.Part. Hof. מוּבְחָר chosen. מן המ׳ of the best, the best way. Bicc. I, 3; a. fr.מצוה מן המ׳ the most preferable way of performing a religious act. B. Kam.78b; a. fr.מ׳ מן המ׳ the very best. Y.Pes.VI, 33b top מ׳ דוחהוכ׳ for doing a thing (in the Temple) in the preferable way, you may set aside (the Sabbath law); for doing it in the best way, you dare not ; a. fr. Pi. בִּיחֵר to examine. Pesik. R. s. 33 (ref. to אבחר Job 29:25) הייתי שואלו וּמְבַחֲרוֹ I was in the habit of investigating and examining it; (ed. Fr. emends ומְבַהֲרוֹ, v. בָּחַר).

בָּחַר(b. h.; √בח, v. preced.) 1) to try, examine; v. infra. 2) (with ב) to choose, select, prefer. Tanḥ. Mishp. 11 בָּחַרְתָּ ביסורים יותרוכ׳ thou didst prefer sufferings to poverty. Mass. Sofrim XIII, 9; a. e.Part. Hof. מוּבְחָר chosen. מן המ׳ of the best, the best way. Bicc. I, 3; a. fr.מצוה מן המ׳ the most preferable way of performing a religious act. B. Kam.78b; a. fr.מ׳ מן המ׳ the very best. Y.Pes.VI, 33b top מ׳ דוחהוכ׳ for doing a thing (in the Temple) in the preferable way, you may set aside (the Sabbath law); for doing it in the best way, you dare not ; a. fr. Pi. בִּיחֵר to examine. Pesik. R. s. 33 (ref. to אבחר Job 29:25) הייתי שואלו וּמְבַחֲרוֹ I was in the habit of investigating and examining it; (ed. Fr. emends ומְבַהֲרוֹ, v. בָּחַר).

הַטָּיָיה, הֲטַיָיהf. ( נטה) 1) being inclined, i. e. giving a verdict according to the majority of votes (Ex. 23:2 אחרי רבים להטות). Snh.I, 6 לא כהַטָּיָיתְךָוכ׳ thy verdict against the defendant must not be given in the same way as thy verdict of acquittal; for the latter suffices a majority of one, for the former there must be a majority of two. 2) perversion of justice (Ex. 23:6). Sot.47b הַטָּיַית משפט. 3) (euphem.) performing coition with a virgin without causing a bleeding. Keth.6b.

הַטָּיָיה, הֲטַיָיהf. ( נטה) 1) being inclined, i. e. giving a verdict according to the majority of votes (Ex. 23:2 אחרי רבים להטות). Snh.I, 6 לא כהַטָּיָיתְךָוכ׳ thy verdict against the defendant must not be given in the same way as thy verdict of acquittal; for the latter suffices a majority of one, for the former there must be a majority of two. 2) perversion of justice (Ex. 23:6). Sot.47b הַטָּיַית משפט. 3) (euphem.) performing coition with a virgin without causing a bleeding. Keth.6b.

הַטָּיָיה, הֲטַיָיהf. ( נטה) 1) being inclined, i. e. giving a verdict according to the majority of votes (Ex. 23:2 אחרי רבים להטות). Snh.I, 6 לא כהַטָּיָיתְךָוכ׳ thy verdict against the defendant must not be given in the same way as thy verdict of acquittal; for the latter suffices a majority of one, for the former there must be a majority of two. 2) perversion of justice (Ex. 23:6). Sot.47b הַטָּיַית משפט. 3) (euphem.) performing coition with a virgin without causing a bleeding. Keth.6b.

חֲלִיצָהf. (חָלַץ) taking out; untying, putting off. Tosef.Neg.VI, 10 בח׳ as regards taking out the leprous stone (Lev. 14:40), v. נְתִיצָה. Y.Ber.III, beg.5d בח׳ as regards taking off the Tfillin.Esp. (= חֲלִיצַת מַנְעָל) Hălitsah, the ceremony of taking off the Yabams shoe (Deut. 25:5–11). Yeb.XII, 1 מצות ח׳וכ׳ the proper way of performing the Ḥ. is before three men acting as judges. Ib. חֲלִיצָתָהּ פסולה the act is invalid; a. v. fr.

חֲלִיצָהf. (חָלַץ) taking out; untying, putting off. Tosef.Neg.VI, 10 בח׳ as regards taking out the leprous stone (Lev. 14:40), v. נְתִיצָה. Y.Ber.III, beg.5d בח׳ as regards taking off the Tfillin.Esp. (= חֲלִיצַת מַנְעָל) Hălitsah, the ceremony of taking off the Yabams shoe (Deut. 25:5–11). Yeb.XII, 1 מצות ח׳וכ׳ the proper way of performing the Ḥ. is before three men acting as judges. Ib. חֲלִיצָתָהּ פסולה the act is invalid; a. v. fr.

לוּלָבm. (= לבלב; v. לִבְלֵב) 1) sprout. Esp. Lulab, the branch of the palm-tree used for the festive wreath on the Feast of Booths (Lev. 23:40); also the festive wreath of the four species combined. Succ.III, 1 ל׳ הגזולוכ׳ a palm-branch unlawfully acquired or one dried up. Ib. 4 ל׳ אחד one branch of the palm-tree is needed for the festive wreath. Ib. 9 מי … ולא היה בידיו ל׳ ליטול a traveller on the road who had no opportunity of performing the ceremony of taking the festive wreath in hand. Ib. כל היום כשר לל׳ the entire day is fit (no special time of the day is designated) for the ceremony Ib. 12; R. Hash. IV, 3 היה (ה)ל׳ … במקדשוכ׳ the ceremony of Lulab was performed in the Temple seven days ; Succ.46a יום ראשון מצות ל׳וכ׳ on the first day it is the Biblical law of Lulab which is carried out, on the following days it is the carrying out of an ordinance of the elders; a. fr.Pl. לוּלָבִים, לוּלָבִין. Orl. I, 7. העלים והל׳ leaves and eatable young sprouts. Shebi. VII, 5, a. e. לוּלָבֵי זרדים, v. זֶרֶד. Ber.55a, a. e. ל׳ גפנים sprouts of grape-vine; Yoma 81b, v. לִבְלֵב.Gen. R. s. 41, beg. לוּלָבֶוהָ להלל its branches are used for praise (v. חַלֵּל); Num. R. s. 3, beg., v. הִילּיּל; Midr. Till. to Ps. 92:13 (sing.). Succ.IV, 4 מוליכין את לוּלָבֵיהֶןוכ׳ they used to bring their festive wreaths to the Temple mount ; a. fr. 2) לוּלָבִין twigs used as brooms in the wine press (Rashi), cmp. אַלְבִּינָא; the two posts supporting the beams of the press (Ar.). Ab. Zar.75a; Y. ib. V, end, 45b; Nidd.65a; Tosef.Toh. XI, 16; Tosef.Ab. Zar. VIII (IX), 3.

לוּלָבm. (= לבלב; v. לִבְלֵב) 1) sprout. Esp. Lulab, the branch of the palm-tree used for the festive wreath on the Feast of Booths (Lev. 23:40); also the festive wreath of the four species combined. Succ.III, 1 ל׳ הגזולוכ׳ a palm-branch unlawfully acquired or one dried up. Ib. 4 ל׳ אחד one branch of the palm-tree is needed for the festive wreath. Ib. 9 מי … ולא היה בידיו ל׳ ליטול a traveller on the road who had no opportunity of performing the ceremony of taking the festive wreath in hand. Ib. כל היום כשר לל׳ the entire day is fit (no special time of the day is designated) for the ceremony Ib. 12; R. Hash. IV, 3 היה (ה)ל׳ … במקדשוכ׳ the ceremony of Lulab was performed in the Temple seven days ; Succ.46a יום ראשון מצות ל׳וכ׳ on the first day it is the Biblical law of Lulab which is carried out, on the following days it is the carrying out of an ordinance of the elders; a. fr.Pl. לוּלָבִים, לוּלָבִין. Orl. I, 7. העלים והל׳ leaves and eatable young sprouts. Shebi. VII, 5, a. e. לוּלָבֵי זרדים, v. זֶרֶד. Ber.55a, a. e. ל׳ גפנים sprouts of grape-vine; Yoma 81b, v. לִבְלֵב.Gen. R. s. 41, beg. לוּלָבֶוהָ להלל its branches are used for praise (v. חַלֵּל); Num. R. s. 3, beg., v. הִילּיּל; Midr. Till. to Ps. 92:13 (sing.). Succ.IV, 4 מוליכין את לוּלָבֵיהֶןוכ׳ they used to bring their festive wreaths to the Temple mount ; a. fr. 2) לוּלָבִין twigs used as brooms in the wine press (Rashi), cmp. אַלְבִּינָא; the two posts supporting the beams of the press (Ar.). Ab. Zar.75a; Y. ib. V, end, 45b; Nidd.65a; Tosef.Toh. XI, 16; Tosef.Ab. Zar. VIII (IX), 3.