-
1 huileux
-
2 mielleux
oily, smooth -
3 huileux
-
4 gras
gras, grasse [gʀα, gʀαs]1. adjectivea. [substance, aliment] fattyb. ( = gros) [personne, animal, bébé] fat ; [volaille] plumpc. ( = graisseux, huileux) [mains, cheveux, surface] greasy ; [boue, sol] stickyd. [toux] loose ; [voix, rire] throatye. ( = vulgaire) [mot, plaisanterie] crude2. masculine nouna. [de viande] fatb. [de jambe, bras] le gras de the fleshy part of3. adverb* * *
1.
grasse gʀɑ, gʀɑs adjectif2) ( vulgaire) coarse3) ( abondant) liter [salaire] fat; [récolte] bumper (épith)4) ( en typographie) [caractère] bold
2.
3.
nom masculin1) ( de viande) fat2) ( corps huileux) grease3) (de bras, mollet)le gras — the fleshy part (de of)
* * *ɡʀɒ, ɡʀɒs gras, -se1. adjÉvitez les aliments gras. — Avoid fatty foods.
2) (personne, visage) fat4)faire la grasse matinée — to have a lie-in Grande-Bretagne to sleep late
5) (terre) sticky6) (toux) loose7) (plaisanterie, rire) coarse8) (crayon) soft-lead9) TYPOGRAPHIE bold2. nm1) CUISINE, [aliment] fat2) (= graisse) grease* * *A adj5 ( abondant) liter [salaire] fat; [récolte] bumper ( épith); ce n'est pas gras it's rather meagreGB;6 ( riche) [prairie] lush;8 Méd [toux] loose, phlegmy.B adv2 Relig faire gras to eat meat;5 ( vulgairement) [rire] coarsely.C nm3 ( partie charnue) (de bras, mollet) the fleshy part (de of); le gras du pouce the cushion of the thumb.A.être gras comme une caille ou un chanoine ou un cochon ou un moine, être gras à lard to be as round as a barrel[taché] greasy6. RELIGIONB.2. [pavé] slippery3. [voix, rire] throatya. (familier) [peu de chose] that's not muchb. [profit médiocre] it's not a fortune8. (locution)————————nom masculin1. [d'une viande] fat2. [du corps] fleshy part3. [substance] grease————————adverbe1. [dans l'alimentation]2. RELIGION3. [en grasseyant]parler gras to speak coarsely ou gutturally4. (familier) [beaucoup] -
5 patelin
masculine noun* * *
1.
pateline patlɛ̃, in (dated) adjectif [manières, voix] oily
2.
(colloq) nom masculin small village* * *patlɛ̃ nm* * *A †adj [personne] smooth-tongued; [manières, voix] oily.B ○nm small village; habiter dans un patelin perdu to live at the back of beyond○ GB, to live in Podunk○ US.I( féminin pateline) [patlɛ̃, in] adjectifII[patlɛ̃] nom masculin(familier) [village] little village -
6 shampooing
ʃɑ̃pwɛ̃nom masculin shampoo* * *shampooing nm (lavage, produit) shampoo; faire un shampooing à qn to give sb a shampoo; shampooing pour cheveux gras shampoo for greasy ou oily US hair; shampooing sec dry shampoo; shampooing à la camomille camomile shampoo.shampooing colorant shampoo-in hair colouringGB. -
7 courant admissible, m
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > courant admissible, m
-
8 courant permanent admissible, m
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > courant permanent admissible, m
-
9 nitrosamine
нитрозамин
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
nitrosamine
Any one of a class of neutral, usually yellow oily compounds containing the divalent group = NNO. (Source: CED)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > nitrosamine
См. также в других словарях:
Oily — Oil y, a. [Compar. {Oilier}; superl. {Oiliest}.] 1. Consisting of oil; containing oil; having the nature or qualities of oil; unctuous; oleaginous; as, oily matter or substance. Bacon. [1913 Webster] 2. Covered with oil; greasy; hence, resembling … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
oily — ȯi lē adj, oil·i·er; est 1) of, relating to, or consisting of oil 2) excessively high in naturally secreted oils <oily hair> <oily skin> … Medical dictionary
oily — [adj1] fatty, greasy adipose, buttery, creamy, lardy, lubricant, lubricative, lubricous, lustrous, oiled, oil soaked, oleaginous, polished, rich, saponaceous, sleek, slippery, smeary, smooth, soapy, soothing, swimming, unctuous, waxy; concepts… … New thesaurus
oily — (adj.) 1520s, from OIL (Cf. oil) (n.) + Y (Cf. y) (2). Figurative meaning smooth, unctuous is from 1590s. Related: Oiliness … Etymology dictionary
oily — ► ADJECTIVE (oilier, oiliest) 1) containing, covered with, or soaked in oil. 2) resembling oil. 3) (of a person) unpleasantly smooth and ingratiating. DERIVATIVES oiliness noun … English terms dictionary
oily — [oi′lē] adj. oilier, oiliest 1. of, like, consisting of, or containing oil 2. covered with oil; fat; greasy 3. too smooth; slippery; unctuous oilily adv. oiliness n … English World dictionary
oily — [[t]ɔ͟ɪli[/t]] oilier, oiliest 1) ADJ GRADED Something that is oily is covered with oil or contains oil. He was wiping his hands on an oily rag... When she was younger, she had very oily skin... Paul found the sauce too oily. 2) ADJ GRADED: usu… … English dictionary
oily — oil|y [ˈɔıli] adj 1.) covered with oil ▪ He wiped his hands on an oily rag. 2.) similar to oil ▪ an oily liquid 3.) oily hair or skin contains more natural oil than is usual or desirable = ↑greasy ▪ a shampoo for oily hair 4.) oily food contains… … Dictionary of contemporary English
oily — UK [ˈɔɪlɪ] / US adjective Word forms oily : adjective oily comparative oilier superlative oiliest 1) covered with oil, or containing oil oily fish such as mackerel or herring an oily rag oily skin 2) looking, feeling, smelling, or tasting like… … English dictionary
oily — oil|y [ ɔıli ] adjective 1. ) polite to people, but in an unpleasant way that does not seem sincere: He was an oily and repulsive little man. 2. ) covered with oil or containing oil: oily fish such as tuna an oily rag oily skin 3. ) looking,… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
oily — adj. VERBS ▪ be, look ADVERB ▪ extremely, fairly, very, etc. ▪ He had rather oily hands … Collocations dictionary