Перевод: со словенского на английский

с английского на словенский

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  • 81 bỳstrъ

    bỳstrъ Grammatical information: adj. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `quick'
    Page in Trubačev: III 153-154
    Old Church Slavic:
    bystrъ `quick' [adj o]
    Russian:
    býstryj `quick' [adj o]
    Czech:
    bystrý `quick, sharp-witted' [adj o]
    Slovak:
    bystrý `quick, sharp-witted' [adj o]
    Polish:
    bystry `quick, sharp-witted' [adj o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bȉstar `clear, transparent, quick' [adj o]
    Slovene:
    bístǝr `quick, vivacious, transparent' [adj o]
    Bulgarian:
    bístăr `clear, transparent' [adj o]
    Page in Pokorny: 146
    Comments: Attempts have been made to connect *bỳstrъ with -> bъ̀drъ `cheerful, lively', which derives from PIE * bʰudʰ-. This etymology fails to provide an explanation for the acute *y, however. We could assume that the root is simply * by- `be', but in that case the origin of the the suffix would be unclear. In my opinion, it is not unattractive to assume a connection with Skt. bhū́ṣati `support, be active for assume, strengthen', the root of which is probably an s-enlargement of * bʰu- `be'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bỳstrъ

  • 82 česnъ

    česnъ; česno; česnъkъ Grammatical information: m. o; n. o; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `garlic'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 89-90
    Russian:
    česnók `garlic' [m o]
    Old Russian:
    česnъkъ `garlic' [m o]
    Czech:
    česnek `garlic' [m o]
    Slovak:
    cesnak `garlic' [m o]
    Polish:
    czosnek `garlic' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    čèsan `garlic' [m o];
    čèsno `garlic' [n o];
    Čak. čèsan (Orbanići) `garlic' [m o], česnȁ [Gens]
    Slovene:
    čésǝn `garlic' [m o], čésna [Gens];
    čésnǝk `garlic (dim.)' [m o], čésǝnka [Gens], čésnǝka [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    čésăn `garlic' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: kesn-o- \{1\}
    Certainty: -
    Comments: As the Celtic forms point to *kasn-, it is likely that this etymon is not of IE origin.
    Other cognates:
    OIr. cainnenn `leek' [f ā];
    W cennin `leek'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > česnъ

  • 83 česno

    česnъ; česno; česnъkъ Grammatical information: m. o; n. o; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `garlic'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 89-90
    Russian:
    česnók `garlic' [m o]
    Old Russian:
    česnъkъ `garlic' [m o]
    Czech:
    česnek `garlic' [m o]
    Slovak:
    cesnak `garlic' [m o]
    Polish:
    czosnek `garlic' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    čèsan `garlic' [m o];
    čèsno `garlic' [n o];
    Čak. čèsan (Orbanići) `garlic' [m o], česnȁ [Gens]
    Slovene:
    čésǝn `garlic' [m o], čésna [Gens];
    čésnǝk `garlic (dim.)' [m o], čésǝnka [Gens], čésnǝka [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    čésăn `garlic' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: kesn-o- \{1\}
    Certainty: -
    Comments: As the Celtic forms point to *kasn-, it is likely that this etymon is not of IE origin.
    Other cognates:
    OIr. cainnenn `leek' [f ā];
    W cennin `leek'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > česno

  • 84 česnъkъ

    česnъ; česno; česnъkъ Grammatical information: m. o; n. o; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `garlic'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 89-90
    Russian:
    česnók `garlic' [m o]
    Old Russian:
    česnъkъ `garlic' [m o]
    Czech:
    česnek `garlic' [m o]
    Slovak:
    cesnak `garlic' [m o]
    Polish:
    czosnek `garlic' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    čèsan `garlic' [m o];
    čèsno `garlic' [n o];
    Čak. čèsan (Orbanići) `garlic' [m o], česnȁ [Gens]
    Slovene:
    čésǝn `garlic' [m o], čésna [Gens];
    čésnǝk `garlic (dim.)' [m o], čésǝnka [Gens], čésnǝka [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    čésăn `garlic' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: kesn-o- \{1\}
    Certainty: -
    Comments: As the Celtic forms point to *kasn-, it is likely that this etymon is not of IE origin.
    Other cognates:
    OIr. cainnenn `leek' [f ā];
    W cennin `leek'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > česnъkъ

  • 85 dadja

    dadja Grammatical information: f. jā
    Page in Trubačev: -
    Old Church Slavic:
    dažda (Hilf.) `distribution' [f ā]
    Indo-European reconstruction: dodh₃-ieh₂
    Page in Pokorny: 223
    Comments: According to Pokorny (IEW: 224), OCS dažda is analogical after *ědja (the substantive jažda is not attested in OCS). The jā-stem is based on the reduplicated root * dad- < * dodh₃-, which shows the effects of Winter's law.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dadja

  • 86 debelъ

    debelъ Grammatical information: adj. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `fat'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 201-202
    Church Slavic:
    debelyj (RuCS) `fat' [adj o]
    Russian:
    debélyj `plump, corpulent' [adj o];
    debëlyj (dial.) `healthy, strong, plump, corpulent' [adj o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dèbeo `fat' [adj o];
    Čak. dȅbē (Vrgada) `fat' [adj o], debelà̀ [Nomsf]
    Slovene:
    débeɫ `fat, big, strong' [adj o], debę́la [Nomsf]
    Bulgarian:
    debél `fat, strong' [adj o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: deb-
    Latvian:
    depsis `small, fat boy'
    Old Prussian:
    debīkan `big' [Accs];
    debica (Gr.) `big' [adj]
    Certainty: -
    Comments: Formally, the Balto-Slavic and the Germanic forms do not match, considering that in the case of PIE *b the Balto-Slavic evidence would violate Winter's law. It is by no means necessary, however, to assume that this etymon is of Indo-European origin.
    Other cognates:
    OIc. dapr `sad' [adj];
    Nw. daper `sad, with young' [adj];
    Nw. (dial.) dabb(e) `small, fat fellow'
    ;
    OHG tapfar `firm, heavy, thick-set' [adj]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > debelъ

  • 87 dě̀va

    dě̀va Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `maiden, girl'
    Page in Trubačev: V 17-18
    Old Church Slavic:
    děva `virgin, maiden' [f ā]
    Russian:
    déva (obs.) `girl, maiden, (D.) The Virgin, Virgo' [f ā]
    Czech:
    děva `girl, maiden' [f ā];
    díva (dial.) `girl, maiden' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    deva `girl' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    djéva `girl, maiden' [f ā];
    Čak. Dȋva (Marȉja) (Vrgada) `The Virgin (Mary)' [f ā] \{1\}
    Slovene:
    dẹ́va `maiden, virgin' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    déva `maiden, virgin' [f ā]
    Page in Pokorny: 241
    Other cognates:
    Gk. θη̃λυς `feminine' [adj];
    Lat. fēcundus `fertile' [adj]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The noun djéva seems to be a hypercoristic of djèvōjka (RJA II 449-450) and cannot be regarded as a direct continuation of *dě̀va. The RJA has also djȅv (18th c.) [f i] and djȅva `virgo', which do not belong to the living language. The status of the accentuation of these words is unclear to me.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dě̀va

  • 88 drě̄màti

    drě̄màti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `doze, slumber'
    Page in Trubačev: V 108-109
    Old Church Slavic:
    \{1\}
    Church Slavic:
    drěmati `doze, slumber' [verb]
    Russian:
    dremát' `doze, slumber' [verb], dremljú [1sg], drémljet [3sg]
    Czech:
    dřímati `doze, slumber' [verb]
    Slovak:
    driemat' `doze, slumber' [verb]
    Polish:
    drzemać `doze, slumber' [verb]
    Slovincian:
    dřìe̯măc `doze, slumber' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    drijèmati `doze, slumber' [verb], drȉjemām [1sg], drȉjemljēm [1sg];
    Čak. drīmȁti (Vrgada) `doze, slumber' [verb], drĩml̨eš [2sg]
    Slovene:
    drẹ́mati `doze, slumber' [verb], drẹ́mam [1sg], drẹ́mljem [3sg]
    Bulgarian:
    drémja `doze, slumber' [verb]
    Comments: It has been suggested that the Slavic root *drěm- is a contamination of * dreh₁-, cf. Skt. ni-drāyā́t (Br) 3sg. opt. `may sleep, slumber', and * dremß-, cf. Lat. dormīre `sleep'. A reconstruction * dreh₁m is in conflict with the accentual evidence, however. It is therefore more likely that *drěmati has a secondary lengthened grade vowel, which is not uncommon in intensives (cf. Klingenschmitt 1989: 81).
    Other cognates:
    Skt. ni-drāyā́t (Br) `sleep, slumber' [3sopa];
    Lat. dormīre `sleep'
    Notes:
    \{1\} In OCS, we only find drěmanie (Ps. Sin.) Asg. `slumber'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > drě̄màti

  • 89 dъnò

    dъnò Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `bottom'
    Page in Trubačev: V 174-175
    Old Church Slavic:
    dъno `bottom' [n o]
    Russian:
    dno `bottom' [n o]
    Czech:
    dno `bottom' [n o]
    Polish:
    dno `bottom' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dnȍ `bottom' [n o];
    Čak. dnȍ (Vrgada, Orbanići) `bottom' [n o]
    Slovene:
    dnọ̀ `bottom' [n o]
    Bulgarian:
    dắno `bottom, floor' [n o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: dubno
    Lithuanian:
    dùgnas `bottom' [m o] 4
    Indo-European reconstruction: dʰubʰ-no-
    Certainty: -
    Comments: The Slavic vacillation between root-final *b and *p does not have a Baltic counterpart. In East Baltic, however, the full grade * daub- occurs both with acute and circumflex tone, e.g. Latv. duôbjš `deep'. The acute variant could be attributed to Winter's law, which would be in accordance with PGm. * deupa- `deep'< * dʰeub-, but this would leave us without an explanation for the other forms. The many formal problems connected with this root have made it a prime example of a borrowing from a substratum language (cf. Kuiper 1995).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dъnò

  • 90 ernь

    ernь Grammatical information: f. i
    Page in Trubačev: -
    Old Russian:
    renь `hatred, malice, spite' [f i]
    Lithuanian:
    er̃nis `wolverine' [m io] 2
    Comments: Young (2001: 163-164) links Lith. er̃nis `wolverine' to ORu. renь `hatred, malice, spite' and derives these words from Pokorny's root * er- `sich in Bewegung setzen, erregen (auch seelisch, ärgern, reizen' (IEW 326-327). LIV (238, 303) distinguishes between * h₁er- `wohin gelangen, geraten' and * h₃er- (299) `sich in (Fort-)bewegung setzen'. Formally * ertь may only belong to the former root, which is semantically less attractive, but it should be noted that the distinction between the roots is not always clear.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ernь

  • 91 evìnъ

    evìnъ Grammatical information: m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `granary, drying shed'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 187-188
    Russian:
    ovín `drying shed' [m o]
    Old Russian:
    ovinъ `drying shed' [m o]
    Belorussian:
    avín `drying shed' [m o]
    Ukrainian:
    ovín (dial.) `small granary' [m o]
    Comments: Unlike -> * evьja, this etymon is not generally considered a borrowing from Baltic.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > evìnъ

  • 92 evьja

    evьja; evьn̨a Grammatical information: f. iā; f. jā Proto-Slavic meaning: `granary, drying shed'
    Page in Trubačev: -
    Russian:
    évnja (W. dial.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    ëvnja (Psk.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    evnjá (dial.) `drying shed without a ceiling' [f jā]
    Belorussian:
    ëŭnja `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    éŭnja `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    jaŭja (dial.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā] \{1\}
    Ukrainian:
    jevja `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    jévnja `granary, drying shed' [f jā]
    Polish:
    jawia `granary, drying shed' [f jā] \{2\};
    jewnia (arch.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    jownia (arch.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: iouiaH
    Lithuanian:
    jáuja `granary, drying shed, threshing shed' [f ā] 1 \{3\}
    Latvian:
    jaũja `threshing floor' [f ā]
    Old Prussian:
    jauge `drying shed, barn for braking flax' \{4\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: ieu-iH-eh₂
    IE meaning: granary
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 512
    Comments: It is evident that *evьja is a borrowing from Baltic. The Baltic word is a derivative of the word for `grain', Lith. javaĩ, which lacks a Slavic counterpart. The resyllabification of *iau̯-iā to *iau-i̯ā may account for the metatonical acute tone of both the Lithuanian and the Latvian form, if we assume that the original form was *iau̯-ìā. The East Slavic word *ovinъ apparently underwent the e- > o- shift (I do not share Andersen's objections to Trubačëv's Proto-Slavic reconstruction *evinъ, theoretical though it is).
    Other cognates:
    MoHG jauge (dial.) `barn'
    Notes:
    \{1\} The form without -n- has been recorded from 1540 onwards in many different shapes, e.g. ev'ja, jav'ja, evga and javga. According to Anikin (2005: 143), only the form jaŭja is known in the living language. The other forms are limited to areas that were inhabited by Lithuanians.\{2\} Since 1554 many variants have been recorded, e.g. jawia, jawgia, jewia, jowia. \{3\} There are many variants, viz. jáujė, jáujis, jáujas, jáujus. \{4\} The oldest source (1604) has the spelling jawyge (Toporov II: 21).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > evьja

  • 93 evьn̨a

    evьja; evьn̨a Grammatical information: f. iā; f. jā Proto-Slavic meaning: `granary, drying shed'
    Page in Trubačev: -
    Russian:
    évnja (W. dial.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    ëvnja (Psk.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    evnjá (dial.) `drying shed without a ceiling' [f jā]
    Belorussian:
    ëŭnja `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    éŭnja `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    jaŭja (dial.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā] \{1\}
    Ukrainian:
    jevja `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    jévnja `granary, drying shed' [f jā]
    Polish:
    jawia `granary, drying shed' [f jā] \{2\};
    jewnia (arch.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    jownia (arch.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: iouiaH
    Lithuanian:
    jáuja `granary, drying shed, threshing shed' [f ā] 1 \{3\}
    Latvian:
    jaũja `threshing floor' [f ā]
    Old Prussian:
    jauge `drying shed, barn for braking flax' \{4\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: ieu-iH-eh₂
    IE meaning: granary
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 512
    Comments: It is evident that *evьja is a borrowing from Baltic. The Baltic word is a derivative of the word for `grain', Lith. javaĩ, which lacks a Slavic counterpart. The resyllabification of *iau̯-iā to *iau-i̯ā may account for the metatonical acute tone of both the Lithuanian and the Latvian form, if we assume that the original form was *iau̯-ìā. The East Slavic word *ovinъ apparently underwent the e- > o- shift (I do not share Andersen's objections to Trubačëv's Proto-Slavic reconstruction *evinъ, theoretical though it is).
    Other cognates:
    MoHG jauge (dial.) `barn'
    Notes:
    \{1\} The form without -n- has been recorded from 1540 onwards in many different shapes, e.g. ev'ja, jav'ja, evga and javga. According to Anikin (2005: 143), only the form jaŭja is known in the living language. The other forms are limited to areas that were inhabited by Lithuanians.\{2\} Since 1554 many variants have been recorded, e.g. jawia, jawgia, jewia, jowia. \{3\} There are many variants, viz. jáujė, jáujis, jáujas, jáujus. \{4\} The oldest source (1604) has the spelling jawyge (Toporov II: 21).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > evьn̨a

  • 94 ežь

    ežь Grammatical information: m. jo Proto-Slavic meaning: `hedgehog'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 36
    Russian:
    ëž `hedgehog' [m jo], ežá [Gens];
    ož (dial.) `hedgehog' [m jo]
    Old Russian:
    ežь `hedgehog' [m jo];
    ožь `hedgehog' [m jo]
    Ukrainian:
    již (dial.) `hedgehog' [m jo];
    ož (dial.) `hedgehog' [m jo]
    Czech:
    jež (dial.) `hedgehog' [m jo]
    Slovak:
    jež `hedgehog' [m jo]
    Polish:
    jeż `hedgehog' [m jo]
    Upper Sorbian:
    jěž `hedgehog' [m jo]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȇž `hedgehog' [m jo], jéža [Gens];
    jȇž `hedgehog' [m jo] jȇža [Gens];
    Čak. jȇž (Vrgada) `sea-urchin, kind of plant' [m jo], jȇža [Gens];
    Čak. iȇš (Orbanići) `hedgehog, sea-urchin', iȇža [Gens]
    Slovene:
    ję́ž `hedgehog, jimsonweed ( datura stramonium), prickly husk' [m jo]
    Bulgarian:
    ež `hedgehog' [m jo]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: eźios
    Lithuanian:
    ežỹs `hedgehog' [m io] 4 \{1\}
    Latvian:
    ezis `hedgehog' [m io]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₁eǵʰ-io-
    IE meaning: hedgehog
    Page in Pokorny: 292
    Comments: In Greek, where ἐχῖνος `hedgehog, sea-urchin' looks like a derivative of ἔχις `viper', there seems to be a connection between `hedgehog' and `snake'. In Balto-Slavic, the words for `hedgehog' and `snake' do not match formally (-> ǫ́žь).
    Other cognates:
    Gk. ἐχῖνος `hedgehog, sea-urchin'
    ;
    OHG igil `hedgehog'
    ;
    OHG īgil `hedgehog'
    ;
    OE igel `hedgehog'
    ;
    OE īgel `hedgehog'
    ;
    Arm. ozni `hedgehog'
    Notes:
    \{1\} Variants are ẽžis 2, ėžỹs 4.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ežь

  • 95 màzati

    màzati Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `smear, anoint'
    Page in Trubačev: XVIII 23-25
    Old Church Slavic:
    mazati `anoint' [verb], mažǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    mázat' `smear, oil, grease' [verb], mážu [1sg], mážet [3sg]
    Czech:
    mazati `smear, oil, defile' [verb]
    Slovak:
    mazat' `smear' [verb]
    Polish:
    mazać `smear' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mȁzati `smear, grease, paint' [verb], mȁžēm [1sg];
    Čak. mȁzati (Vrgada) `soil, besmirch' [verb], mȁžeš [2sg];
    mȁzati `smear, grease, paint' [verb];
    Čak. mȁzat (Orbanići) `smear, grease' [verb], mȃžen [1sg]
    Slovene:
    mázati `smear, grease, paint' [verb], mȃžem [1sg]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: moʔź-
    Lithuanian:
    mė́žti `manure, muck out'
    Latvian:
    mêzt `muck out, sweep' [verb];
    muõzêt `gobble, pound, fool, harass, beat' [verb]
    Page in Pokorny: 696
    Comments: For the time being I have grouped together Slavic *màzati and Lith. mė́žti `manure, muck out', Latv. mêzt `muck out, sweep' and muõzêt `gobble, pound etc.' (cf. Oštir 1912: 214, Fraenkel I: 444). It seems to me that the Baltic words can be linked semantically to *màzati `smear' if we start from a meaning `smear, wipe, sweep' (for the semantic development attested in muõzêt, cf. Ru. smázat' `strike a blow', MoDu. (dial.) afsmeren `give s.o. a beating'). Another possibility would be to connect *màzati with Gk. μάσσω (aor. pass. μαγη̃ναι) `knead' (provided that the root is not μακ- instead of μαγ-, which, according to Chantraine (670), cannot be determined), Arm. macanim `thicken, stick together' and OHG mahhōn, OS makōn etc. `make'. This would entail a reconstruction *meh₂ǵ- (*maǵ- in Pokorny), which would preclude a connection with mė́žti, Latv. mêzt.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > màzati

  • 96 mъlva

    mъlva Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `speech'
    Page in Trubačev: XX 225-226
    Old Church Slavic:
    mlъva `tumult, commotion' [f ā]
    Russian:
    molvá (obs.) `rumour, talk' [f ā]
    Belorussian:
    móva `language, speech' [f ā]
    Ukrainian:
    móva `language, speech' [f ā]
    Czech:
    mluva `speech' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    mluva (lit.) `speech' [f ā]
    Polish:
    mowa `speech' [f ā]
    Slovincian:
    mu̯ova `speech' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    mălvá `rumour, noise, racket' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: mluH-eh₂
    Comments: I am not convinced that a vocalization *ml̥u̯H-V- would be out of the question ( LIV s.v. *mleu̯h₂).
    Other cognates:
    Skt. brávīti `speak, say'

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mъlva

  • 97 mьrznǫti

    mьrznǫti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `freeze'
    Page in Trubačev: XXI 163-165
    Old Church Slavic:
    pomrъznǫti (Supr.) `freeze' [verb]
    Church Slavic:
    mrъznǫti `curse, detest' [verb]
    Russian:
    mërznut' `freeze' [verb]
    Czech:
    mrznouti `freeze' [verb]
    Slovak:
    mrznút' `freeze' [verb]
    Polish:
    marznąć `freeze' [verb];
    mierznąć (arch.) `become disgusting, irritate, disgust, repel' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mȑznuti `freeze, grow cold' [verb]
    Slovene:
    mŕzniti `freeze, turn into ice' [verb], mȓznem [1sg] \{1\}
    Bulgarian:
    mrắzna `freeze' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: mrǵ
    Other cognates:
    Alb. mardhë `frost' [f]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Not mŕznem (see Pleteršnik II: VI).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mьrznǫti

  • 98 niže

    niže Grammatical information: conj./adv.
    Page in Trubačev: XXV 108
    Old Church Slavic:
    ni že (Supr.) `nor' [conj]
    Russian:
    níže (dial.) `nor, not even' [conj]
    Ukrainian:
    niž `than' [adv]
    Polish:
    niż `than' [adv];
    niże (arch.) `than' [adv]
    Indo-European reconstruction: nei-g(ʷ)ʰe
    Page in Pokorny: 756

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > niže

  • 99 olbǭdь

    olbǭdь; olbǭtь; elbedь; elbǭtь Grammatical information: m. jo Accent paradigm: c (a) Proto-Slavic meaning: `swan'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 19; XXXII 50-51
    Russian:
    lébed' `swan' [m jo], lébedja [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    lébid' `swan' [m jo]
    Czech:
    labut' `swan' [f i/jā]
    Slovak:
    labut' `swan' [f]
    Polish:
    ɫabędź `swan' [m jo];
    ɫabęć (dial.) `swan' [m jo]
    Old Polish:
    ɫabęć `swan' [m jo];
    ɫabęć `swan' [f i]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    lȁbūd `swan' [m o];
    lȅbūt (arch.) `swan' [m o];
    Čak. lȁbūd (Vrgada) `swan' [m o]
    Slovene:
    labǫ́d `swan' [m o];
    lebę́d `swan' [m o];
    lobǫ́d `swan' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    lébed `swan' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂elbʰ-ond-i
    IE meaning: swan
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 30-31
    Comments: If the PSl. reconstruction *olb- is correct, the fact that the root shape*lab- occurs outside South Slavic and Central Slovak suggests that we are dealing with an originally acute root (cf. Meillet 1934: 83), which would be in conflict with the traditional etymology that the etymon derives from a root*h₂elbʰ- `white'. Unless one adheres to the view that a lengthened grade yields an acute in Balto-Slavic, a reconstruction *h₂lōbʰ- (with Schwebeablaut) does not solve the problem. Apart from the etymology, the distribution of the reflexes * la- and * lo- needs to be explained. It is possible to argue that the reflex * le- in Ru. lébed' (perhaps from * lo- before a soft labial, cf. tebe < tobě) continues the short reflex of * ol- in the oxytone forms of a mobile paradigm, but there is no such explanation for the West Slavic forms. Kortlandt (2005: 128) makes an attempt to account for the facts while starting from the hypothesis that the etymon originally belonged to AP (a) and only became mobile after the rise of distinctive tone and the South Slavic lengthening of initial vowels before tautosyllabic resonants.
    Other cognates:
    OHG albiz, elbiz `swan';
    OE aelbitu, ielfetu `swan' [f];
    OIc. elptr, ǫlpt `swan' [f]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > olbǭdь

  • 100 olbǭtь

    olbǭdь; olbǭtь; elbedь; elbǭtь Grammatical information: m. jo Accent paradigm: c (a) Proto-Slavic meaning: `swan'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 19; XXXII 50-51
    Russian:
    lébed' `swan' [m jo], lébedja [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    lébid' `swan' [m jo]
    Czech:
    labut' `swan' [f i/jā]
    Slovak:
    labut' `swan' [f]
    Polish:
    ɫabędź `swan' [m jo];
    ɫabęć (dial.) `swan' [m jo]
    Old Polish:
    ɫabęć `swan' [m jo];
    ɫabęć `swan' [f i]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    lȁbūd `swan' [m o];
    lȅbūt (arch.) `swan' [m o];
    Čak. lȁbūd (Vrgada) `swan' [m o]
    Slovene:
    labǫ́d `swan' [m o];
    lebę́d `swan' [m o];
    lobǫ́d `swan' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    lébed `swan' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂elbʰ-ond-i
    IE meaning: swan
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 30-31
    Comments: If the PSl. reconstruction *olb- is correct, the fact that the root shape*lab- occurs outside South Slavic and Central Slovak suggests that we are dealing with an originally acute root (cf. Meillet 1934: 83), which would be in conflict with the traditional etymology that the etymon derives from a root*h₂elbʰ- `white'. Unless one adheres to the view that a lengthened grade yields an acute in Balto-Slavic, a reconstruction *h₂lōbʰ- (with Schwebeablaut) does not solve the problem. Apart from the etymology, the distribution of the reflexes * la- and * lo- needs to be explained. It is possible to argue that the reflex * le- in Ru. lébed' (perhaps from * lo- before a soft labial, cf. tebe < tobě) continues the short reflex of * ol- in the oxytone forms of a mobile paradigm, but there is no such explanation for the West Slavic forms. Kortlandt (2005: 128) makes an attempt to account for the facts while starting from the hypothesis that the etymon originally belonged to AP (a) and only became mobile after the rise of distinctive tone and the South Slavic lengthening of initial vowels before tautosyllabic resonants.
    Other cognates:
    OHG albiz, elbiz `swan';
    OE aelbitu, ielfetu `swan' [f];
    OIc. elptr, ǫlpt `swan' [f]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > olbǭtь

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