-
1 invidiosus
invidiōsus, a, um (invidia), I) voll Neid ( Mißgunst), 1) Neid (Mißgunst) hegend, neidisch, mißgünstig, vetustas, Ov. – m. Dat., prae se formosis invidiosa dea est, Prop. – subst., omnes malevoli, iniqui, invidiosi, Cic. Balb. 56. – 2) Neid ( Mißgunst) erregend, dah. beneidet, beneidenswert (auch im guten Sinne, Ggstz. exoptabilis, miserandus), α) v. Pers.: ipse dux invidiosus erat, war ein Gegenstand des Neides, Lucan.: invidiosum se propter nimias opes videre, Iustin.: turba vetus quam non invidiosa erat, wie nicht ben. = wie gar klein, Ov.: Maecenas nostrae pars invidiosa iuventae, Prop. – m. Dat., invidiosa suis, at nunc miseranda vel hosti, Ov.: neque inimicis invidiosa neque amico exoptabilis, Lucil. – β) v. Lebl.: inv. fortuna Caesaris, Vell.: inv. opes, Tac.: est in aqua dulci non invidiosa voluptas, ein neidloses, unverargtes, Ov. – m. Dat., munus etiam diis invidiosum, Plin.: non invidiosa nefandis (Ruchlosen) nec cupienda bonis regna Thoantis erant, Ov. – II) voll Haß, 1) Haß hegend, gehässig, aufsässig, ante Iovem passis stetit invidiosa (Ceres) capillis, voll Hasses (gegen den Verführer), Ov. met. 5, 513. – 2) Haß (Mißfallen, Unwillen) bringend od. erregend, a) gehässig = bei anderen Haß bereitend, böses Blut machend, in Mißkredit bringend, in ein schlechtes Licht stellend, bloßstellend, verunglimp fend (Ggstz. gloriosus, honestus, Ruhm, Ehre bringend), α) v. Pers.: laudatrix Venus est invidiosa mihi, bereitet mir Haß, Ov. her. 17, 126. – β) v. Lebl.: crimen, Cic.: nomina (Benennungen), Liv.: ioci, Suet.: putabant absentis damnationem multo invidiosiorem fore, quam si praesens damnatus esset, Cic.: crimen invidiosissimum, Cic.: id quod erat in illo iudicio invidiosissimum, Cic. – mit Dat., invidiosusne erat aut tibi tertius consulatus aut principi primus? brachte dir Haß usw.? Plin. pan.: id Othoni invidiosius et ipsis honestum, Tac.: hoc ipsis iudicibus invidiosissimum futurum, Cic. – m. in u. Akk., neque id ego dico, ut invidiosum sit in eos, quibus gloriosum etiam hoc esse debet, Cic. Cael. 21. – invidiosum est, invidiosum (esse) puto m. folg. Infin., non accipere triumphum ne invidiosum sit apud bonos, Cic.: pro cetera moderatione non minus invidiosum putat dare hereditatem quam auferre, Plin. pan. – invidiosum est m. solg. Acc. u. Infin., Sen. rhet. – b) passiv, gehässig = verhaßt, mißfällig, mißliebig, widerwärtig, verdächtig, verrufen (Ggstz. gratus, favorabilis, popularis), α) v. Pers.: si is invidiosus aut multis offensus esse videatur, Cic.: ex eo iudicio tam invidiosus discessit, ut etc., Cic.: sive quia miserabiliorem (Priscum), sive quia invidiosiorem fore arbitrabatur, Plin. ep. – mit Praepp., a superiore vita invidiosus, Cael. in Cic. ep. 8, 14, 1: sunt enim illi apud bonos invidiosi, Cic.: se magnis rebus in Graecia gestis non tam gratum apud regem quam invidiosum esse, Iustin. – β) v. Lebl.: pecunia, possessiones, Cic.: cursus, numerus, Cic.: iudicium (Ggstz. iudicium populare), Cic.: lectio senatus, Liv.: nomen sapientiae, Cic.: atrocitas verborum, die schneidende Härte deines Ausdrucks, Cic.: fuit invidiosa senatus potentia, Cic.: vitam invidiosam facere, Sen.: si quae sunt in his invidiosa non mitigant extenuando, sed laudando et efferendo invidiosiora faciunt, Cic.: quo mors foret invidiosior, Ov.
-
2 invidiosus
invidiōsus, a, um (invidia), I) voll Neid ( Mißgunst), 1) Neid (Mißgunst) hegend, neidisch, mißgünstig, vetustas, Ov. – m. Dat., prae se formosis invidiosa dea est, Prop. – subst., omnes malevoli, iniqui, invidiosi, Cic. Balb. 56. – 2) Neid ( Mißgunst) erregend, dah. beneidet, beneidenswert (auch im guten Sinne, Ggstz. exoptabilis, miserandus), α) v. Pers.: ipse dux invidiosus erat, war ein Gegenstand des Neides, Lucan.: invidiosum se propter nimias opes videre, Iustin.: turba vetus quam non invidiosa erat, wie nicht ben. = wie gar klein, Ov.: Maecenas nostrae pars invidiosa iuventae, Prop. – m. Dat., invidiosa suis, at nunc miseranda vel hosti, Ov.: neque inimicis invidiosa neque amico exoptabilis, Lucil. – β) v. Lebl.: inv. fortuna Caesaris, Vell.: inv. opes, Tac.: est in aqua dulci non invidiosa voluptas, ein neidloses, unverargtes, Ov. – m. Dat., munus etiam diis invidiosum, Plin.: non invidiosa nefandis (Ruchlosen) nec cupienda bonis regna Thoantis erant, Ov. – II) voll Haß, 1) Haß hegend, gehässig, aufsässig, ante Iovem passis stetit invidiosa (Ceres) capillis, voll Hasses (gegen den Verführer), Ov. met. 5, 513. – 2) Haß (Mißfallen, Unwillen) bringend od. erregend, a) gehässig = bei anderen Haß bereitend, böses Blut machend, in Mißkredit bringend, in ein schlechtes Licht stellend, bloßstellend, verunglimp-————fend (Ggstz. gloriosus, honestus, Ruhm, Ehre bringend), α) v. Pers.: laudatrix Venus est invidiosa mihi, bereitet mir Haß, Ov. her. 17, 126. – β) v. Lebl.: crimen, Cic.: nomina (Benennungen), Liv.: ioci, Suet.: putabant absentis damnationem multo invidiosiorem fore, quam si praesens damnatus esset, Cic.: crimen invidiosissimum, Cic.: id quod erat in illo iudicio invidiosissimum, Cic. – mit Dat., invidiosusne erat aut tibi tertius consulatus aut principi primus? brachte dir Haß usw.? Plin. pan.: id Othoni invidiosius et ipsis honestum, Tac.: hoc ipsis iudicibus invidiosissimum futurum, Cic. – m. in u. Akk., neque id ego dico, ut invidiosum sit in eos, quibus gloriosum etiam hoc esse debet, Cic. Cael. 21. – invidiosum est, invidiosum (esse) puto m. folg. Infin., non accipere triumphum ne invidiosum sit apud bonos, Cic.: pro cetera moderatione non minus invidiosum putat dare hereditatem quam auferre, Plin. pan. – invidiosum est m. solg. Acc. u. Infin., Sen. rhet. – b) passiv, gehässig = verhaßt, mißfällig, mißliebig, widerwärtig, verdächtig, verrufen (Ggstz. gratus, favorabilis, popularis), α) v. Pers.: si is invidiosus aut multis offensus esse videatur, Cic.: ex eo iudicio tam invidiosus discessit, ut etc., Cic.: sive quia miserabiliorem (Priscum), sive quia invidiosiorem fore arbitrabatur, Plin. ep. – mit Praepp., a superiore vita invidiosus, Cael. in Cic. ep. 8, 14, 1: sunt enim illi apud bonos invidiosi,————Cic.: se magnis rebus in Graecia gestis non tam gratum apud regem quam invidiosum esse, Iustin. – β) v. Lebl.: pecunia, possessiones, Cic.: cursus, numerus, Cic.: iudicium (Ggstz. iudicium populare), Cic.: lectio senatus, Liv.: nomen sapientiae, Cic.: atrocitas verborum, die schneidende Härte deines Ausdrucks, Cic.: fuit invidiosa senatus potentia, Cic.: vitam invidiosam facere, Sen.: si quae sunt in his invidiosa non mitigant extenuando, sed laudando et efferendo invidiosiora faciunt, Cic.: quo mors foret invidiosior, Ov.Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > invidiosus
-
3 invidiosus
invidiōsus, a, um [ invidia ]1) полный зависти, завистливый ( vetustas O)2) недоброжелательный, полный ненависти, злобный (malevolus et i. C)3) достойный зависти, завидный, вызывающий зависть (fortuna VP; opes T)4) делающий предметом ненависти, возбуждающий злобу, восстанавливающий (против)non invidiosa voluptas O — удовольствие, которое ни в ком не вызовет чувства зависти5)а) ненавистный ( apud bonos C); отвратительный, гнусный ( crimen C)i. ab aliquā re Caelius ap. C — ненавидимый за что л -
4 cupio
cupio, īvī od. iī, ītum, ere (vgl. altind. kúpyati »wallt auf, zürnt«), etw. begehren, nach etw. verlangen (das Verlangen hegen od. tragen, nach etw. gelüsten, etw. gern (haben) wollen, u. in diesem Sinne = wünschen, wünschenswert finden (so daß cupere das natürliche, unwillkürliche, dah. auch ungeregelte, leidenschaftliche Verlangen, optare den wohlerwogenen Wunsch, velle den ruhigen, aber tatkräftigen Willen bezeichnet, s. Sen. ep. 116, 2 nam cum tibi cupere interdixero, velle permittam), Ggstz. fugere, abhorrere, non velle u. dgl., oft m. Ang. wie sehr? durch Advv. ( wie ardenter, ardentissime, flagranter, flagrantissime, mire, mirabiliter, magno opere, summe), I) im allg.: α) m. Acc.: is quem cupimus optamusque vestitus, Cic.: qui multum habet plus cupit, Sen.: Caesarem id summe sciebant cupere, Caes.: neque ardentius tu pronepotes, quam ego liberos cupio, Plin. ep.: c. domum, agros, Sall.: pacem, Liv.: novas res, Sall. – im Passiv, adeoque is cupiebatur, ut etc., Apul.: cum fortuna, quā quidquid cupitum foret, potentioris esset, Liv.: non omnia omnibus cupiunda esse, Sall. – u. so die Höflichkeitsformeln: LE. Sed amabo, oculus meus, quin lectis nos actutum commendamus? IO. Omnia quae tu vis, ea cupio, ganz zu deinen Diensten, Plaut. Pers. 765 sq.: cupio omnia quae vis, ich wünsche (dir), was du selbst willst = ich wünsche auch dir das Beste, Hor. sat. 1, 9, 5: quid vis cupio dum ne etc., alles soll mir erwünscht sein (lasse ich mir gefallen), wenn nur nicht usw., Ter. Andr. 902. – u. im Partiz. Perf., res cupita, Liv.: cupitum regnum, Vell.: diu cupita captivitatis ultio, Iustin.: u. neutr. subst., huic cupitum contigit, Plaut.: im Plur., das Gewünschte, die Wünsche, ut mox cupitis ministram haberet, Sall. fr.: scit optimum modum esse cupitorum non quantum velis, sed quantum debeas sumere, Sen.: iuvenis filius, nepotes adulti moram cupitis adferebant, Tac. – Partiz. Fut. Pass., magistratus et imperia, postremo omnis cura rerum publicarum minume mihi hāc tempestate cupiunda videntur, Sall.: non invidiosa nefandis nec cupienda bonis regna, Ov. – β) m. Genet.: quamquam domi cupio, mich nach Hause sehne, Plaut. trin. 841; vgl. no. II, a. – γ) m. Infin.: cupit te videre, Plaut.: me cupis concīdere, Pompon. com. fr.: cupiens ad suos redire, Cic.: cupio ex te potissimum audire, erraverim necne, Plin. ep.: cupiebat mutare testamentum, Plin. ep. – quam cupiunt laudari! Cic.: Claudius Polio amari a te cupit, Plin. ep. – cupio et tibi probatum et cohaeredibus meis excusatum esse, quod etc. (daß ich usw.), Plin. ep. – u. so oft die iron. Ausdrücke cupio audire, cupio discere, cupio videre (s. Jordan Cic. Caecin. 33. p. 196), Quae potest esse turpitudinis tantae defensio? Cupio audire, Cic.: Quid igitur est? inquit. Audire enim cupio, quid non probes, Cic.: alia si forte est, quae nos fugerit, dic, quae sit; cupio discere, Cic.: Mihi pecuniam tribuit. Cupio videre qui id audeat dicere, Cic. – δ) m. Acc. u. Infin. (s. Dräger Hist. Synt.2 2, 403), cupis me esse nequam, Plaut.: equidem cupio Antonium haec quam primum audire, Cic.: si quando, nunc praecipue cuperem esse te Romae, Plin. ep.: nam ei (consules) Bibuli sententiam valere cupierunt, Cic. – assectari se omnes cupiunt, Enn. fr.: Pau-sanias se tecum affinitate coniungi cupit, Nep.: ego me cupio non mendacem putari, Cic.: Gaium et Lucium destinari consules flagrantissime (sehnlichst) cupiverat, Tac. – ε) m. Nom. u. Infin.: nimium cupit formosa videri, Ov.: nasutus nimium cupis videri, Mart. -ζ) m. folg. (indir.) Fragesatz: ostende modo te velle, nec deerunt, qui quod tu velis cupiant, Plin. ep.: inveniebantur tamen honesto loco nati, qui peterent cuperentque, quod dari liberto, promitti servis volebant, Plin. ep. – η) m. Acc. u. Partic. od. Adi. als Prädikat: cupis me esse nequam, Plaut.: cupio me esse clementem, Cic.: patriam exstinctam c., Cic.: commutata omnia, Plin. ep.: alqm servatum magno opere, Suet.: alqm incolumem tanto opere, Suet. – θ) m. ut od. ne u. Konj. od. m. bl. Coni.: quod quidem ego nimis quam cupio fieri ut inpetret, Plaut. capt. 102: responsum est mihi, cupere quidem universos, ut a me rationes coloniae legerentur; numquam autem etc., Plin. ep. 10, 47 (56), 1: u. (verb. m. optare) quin etiam necesse erit cupere et optare, ut quam saepissime peccet amicus, das Verlangen und den Wunsch zu hegen, daß usw., Cic. de amic. 59. – mire cupio, ne nobiles nostri nihil in domibus suis pulchrum nisi imagines habeant, Plin. ep. 5, 17, 6: u. so m. ne u. Konj. bei Ov. her. 6, 5 sq. – m. folg. bl. Coni., cupio te quoque sub idem tempus Campania tua remittat, Plin. ep. 5, 15, 9. – ι) absol. (so, daß ein Akk. od. Infin. aus dem Zusammenhang zu ergänzen ist): quae (ratio orationis) alio quodam genere mentes iudicum permovet impellitque, ut metuant aut sperent aut cupiant aut abhorreant, Cic.: vocatum enim interrogat, velletne ad Masinissam reverti? cum effusis gaudio lacrimis cupere vero (verst. reverti) diceret, tum etc., Liv.: ex Livia nihil liberorum tulit, cum maxime cuperet, Suet. – bes. im Partiz., cohortatus suos omnibus cupientibus ad hostium castra contendit, Caes.: cupienti animo nihil satis festinatur, Sall.: ut quibus bellum invitis aut cupientibus erat, wie gerade einem jeden der Krieg zuwider oder erwünscht war, Tac. – u. im Gerundium, qui appetitus... sive cupiendo sive fugiendo non satis a ratione retinentur, Cic.
II) insbes.: a) alqm = (wie επιθυμέω τινός) jmd. mit sinnl. Liebe begehren, seine Begier auf jmd. richten, quae te cupit, eam ne spernas, Plaut.: Mars videt hanc visamque cupit potiturque cupitā, Ov.: puellam efflicte cupere, Apul. – m. Genet., quae (puellae) cupiunt tui, Plaut. mil. 964: iam dudum vestri cupiunt Lucrina tacita, Symm. ep. 1, 8 in. – b) alci od. alcis causā = für jmd. od. im Interesse jmds. Verlangen (Wünsche) hegen, d.i. an jmd. Interesse nehmen, sich für jmd. interessieren, jmdm. zugetan-, gewogen sein (Dumnorigem) favere et cupere Helvetiis propter eam affinitatem, odisse etiam suo nomine Caesarem et Romanos, Caes.: quid? ego Fundanio non cupio? non amicus sum? Cic.: tibi, cui maxime cupio, et omnibus viris bonis satisfaciam, Planc. in Cic. ep. – eius causā et cupio et debeo (bin verpflichtet), Cic.: vehementer eius causā cupere eum intellexi, Cic. – u. so auch cupio omnia rei publicae causā, Cic.: tamen obsequor homini familiarissimo C. Avianio Flacco, cuius causā omnia cum cupio, tum mehercule etiam debeo, Cic. – / Synkop. Perf.-Formen, cupisti, cupisset, cupisse, oft bei Cic., s. Georges Lexik. d. lat. Wortf. S. 185. – Formen nach der 4. Konjug., cupiret, Lucr. 1, 71: cupire, Commod. instr. 2, 7, 15: cupiri, Augustin. ep. 3, 5.
-
5 cupio
cupio, īvī od. iī, ītum, ere (vgl. altind. kъpyati »wallt auf, zürnt«), etw. begehren, nach etw. verlangen (das Verlangen hegen od. tragen, nach etw. gelüsten, etw. gern (haben) wollen, u. in diesem Sinne = wünschen, wünschenswert finden (so daß cupere das natürliche, unwillkürliche, dah. auch ungeregelte, leidenschaftliche Verlangen, optare den wohlerwogenen Wunsch, velle den ruhigen, aber tatkräftigen Willen bezeichnet, s. Sen. ep. 116, 2 nam cum tibi cupere interdixero, velle permittam), Ggstz. fugere, abhorrere, non velle u. dgl., oft m. Ang. wie sehr? durch Advv. ( wie ardenter, ardentissime, flagranter, flagrantissime, mire, mirabiliter, magno opere, summe), I) im allg.: α) m. Acc.: is quem cupimus optamusque vestitus, Cic.: qui multum habet plus cupit, Sen.: Caesarem id summe sciebant cupere, Caes.: neque ardentius tu pronepotes, quam ego liberos cupio, Plin. ep.: c. domum, agros, Sall.: pacem, Liv.: novas res, Sall. – im Passiv, adeoque is cupiebatur, ut etc., Apul.: cum fortuna, quā quidquid cupitum foret, potentioris esset, Liv.: non omnia omnibus cupiunda esse, Sall. – u. so die Höflichkeitsformeln: LE. Sed amabo, oculus meus, quin lectis nos actutum commendamus? IO. Omnia quae tu vis, ea cupio, ganz zu deinen Diensten, Plaut. Pers. 765 sq.: cupio omnia quae vis, ich wünsche (dir), was du selbst————willst = ich wünsche auch dir das Beste, Hor. sat. 1, 9, 5: quid vis cupio dum ne etc., alles soll mir erwünscht sein (lasse ich mir gefallen), wenn nur nicht usw., Ter. Andr. 902. – u. im Partiz. Perf., res cupita, Liv.: cupitum regnum, Vell.: diu cupita captivitatis ultio, Iustin.: u. neutr. subst., huic cupitum contigit, Plaut.: im Plur., das Gewünschte, die Wünsche, ut mox cupitis ministram haberet, Sall. fr.: scit optimum modum esse cupitorum non quantum velis, sed quantum debeas sumere, Sen.: iuvenis filius, nepotes adulti moram cupitis adferebant, Tac. – Partiz. Fut. Pass., magistratus et imperia, postremo omnis cura rerum publicarum minume mihi hāc tempestate cupiunda videntur, Sall.: non invidiosa nefandis nec cupienda bonis regna, Ov. – β) m. Genet.: quamquam domi cupio, mich nach Hause sehne, Plaut. trin. 841; vgl. no. II, a. – γ) m. Infin.: cupit te videre, Plaut.: me cupis concīdere, Pompon. com. fr.: cupiens ad suos redire, Cic.: cupio ex te potissimum audire, erraverim necne, Plin. ep.: cupiebat mutare testamentum, Plin. ep. – quam cupiunt laudari! Cic.: Claudius Polio amari a te cupit, Plin. ep. – cupio et tibi probatum et cohaeredibus meis excusatum esse, quod etc. (daß ich usw.), Plin. ep. – u. so oft die iron. Ausdrücke cupio audire, cupio discere, cupio videre (s. Jordan Cic. Caecin. 33. p. 196), Quae potest esse turpitudinis tantae defensio? Cupio audire, Cic.: Quid igitur est? in-————quit. Audire enim cupio, quid non probes, Cic.: alia si forte est, quae nos fugerit, dic, quae sit; cupio discere, Cic.: Mihi pecuniam tribuit. Cupio videre qui id audeat dicere, Cic. – δ) m. Acc. u. Infin. (s. Dräger Hist. Synt.2 2, 403), cupis me esse nequam, Plaut.: equidem cupio Antonium haec quam primum audire, Cic.: si quando, nunc praecipue cuperem esse te Romae, Plin. ep.: nam ei (consules) Bibuli sententiam valere cupierunt, Cic. – assectari se omnes cupiunt, Enn. fr.: Pau-sanias se tecum affinitate coniungi cupit, Nep.: ego me cupio non mendacem putari, Cic.: Gaium et Lucium destinari consules flagrantissime (sehnlichst) cupiverat, Tac. – ε) m. Nom. u. Infin.: nimium cupit formosa videri, Ov.: nasutus nimium cupis videri, Mart. -ζ) m. folg. (indir.) Fragesatz: ostende modo te velle, nec deerunt, qui quod tu velis cupiant, Plin. ep.: inveniebantur tamen honesto loco nati, qui peterent cuperentque, quod dari liberto, promitti servis volebant, Plin. ep. – η) m. Acc. u. Partic. od. Adi. als Prädikat: cupis me esse nequam, Plaut.: cupio me esse clementem, Cic.: patriam exstinctam c., Cic.: commutata omnia, Plin. ep.: alqm servatum magno opere, Suet.: alqm incolumem tanto opere, Suet. – θ) m. ut od. ne u. Konj. od. m. bl. Coni.: quod quidem ego nimis quam cupio fieri ut inpetret, Plaut. capt. 102: responsum est mihi, cupere quidem universos, ut a me rationes coloniae legerentur; num-————quam autem etc., Plin. ep. 10, 47 (56), 1: u. (verb. m. optare) quin etiam necesse erit cupere et optare, ut quam saepissime peccet amicus, das Verlangen und den Wunsch zu hegen, daß usw., Cic. de amic. 59. – mire cupio, ne nobiles nostri nihil in domibus suis pulchrum nisi imagines habeant, Plin. ep. 5, 17, 6: u. so m. ne u. Konj. bei Ov. her. 6, 5 sq. – m. folg. bl. Coni., cupio te quoque sub idem tempus Campania tua remittat, Plin. ep. 5, 15, 9. – ι) absol. (so, daß ein Akk. od. Infin. aus dem Zusammenhang zu ergänzen ist): quae (ratio orationis) alio quodam genere mentes iudicum permovet impellitque, ut metuant aut sperent aut cupiant aut abhorreant, Cic.: vocatum enim interrogat, velletne ad Masinissam reverti? cum effusis gaudio lacrimis cupere vero (verst. reverti) diceret, tum etc., Liv.: ex Livia nihil liberorum tulit, cum maxime cuperet, Suet. – bes. im Partiz., cohortatus suos omnibus cupientibus ad hostium castra contendit, Caes.: cupienti animo nihil satis festinatur, Sall.: ut quibus bellum invitis aut cupientibus erat, wie gerade einem jeden der Krieg zuwider oder erwünscht war, Tac. – u. im Gerundium, qui appetitus... sive cupiendo sive fugiendo non satis a ratione retinentur, Cic.II) insbes.: a) alqm = (wie επιθυμέω τινός) jmd. mit sinnl. Liebe begehren, seine Begier auf jmd. richten, quae te cupit, eam ne spernas, Plaut.: Mars videt hanc visamque cupit potiturque cupitā, Ov.:————puellam efflicte cupere, Apul. – m. Genet., quae (puellae) cupiunt tui, Plaut. mil. 964: iam dudum vestri cupiunt Lucrina tacita, Symm. ep. 1, 8 in. – b) alci od. alcis causā = für jmd. od. im Interesse jmds. Verlangen (Wünsche) hegen, d.i. an jmd. Interesse nehmen, sich für jmd. interessieren, jmdm. zugetan-, gewogen sein (Dumnorigem) favere et cupere Helvetiis propter eam affinitatem, odisse etiam suo nomine Caesarem et Romanos, Caes.: quid? ego Fundanio non cupio? non amicus sum? Cic.: tibi, cui maxime cupio, et omnibus viris bonis satisfaciam, Planc. in Cic. ep. – eius causā et cupio et debeo (bin verpflichtet), Cic.: vehementer eius causā cupere eum intellexi, Cic. – u. so auch cupio omnia rei publicae causā, Cic.: tamen obsequor homini familiarissimo C. Avianio Flacco, cuius causā omnia cum cupio, tum mehercule etiam debeo, Cic. – ⇒ Synkop. Perf.-Formen, cupisti, cupisset, cupisse, oft bei Cic., s. Georges Lexik. d. lat. Wortf. S. 185. – Formen nach der 4. Konjug., cupiret, Lucr. 1, 71: cupire, Commod. instr. 2, 7, 15: cupiri, Augustin. ep. 3, 5. -
6 atrocitas
ătrōcĭtās, ātis, f. [atrox] [st1]1 [-] atrocité, horreur, cruauté, monstruosité. - rei atrocitas, Cic. Verr. 4, 87: horreur d'un fait. - criminis atrocitas, Cic. Verr. 4, 105: cruauté d'une accusation. - verbi atrocitas, Cic. Phil. 8, 1: ce qu'un mot comporte de cruel (d'odieux). - temporis atrocitas, Phil. 8, 32: conjonctures terribles. [st1]2 [-] caractère farouche, rudesse, dureté, violence. - non atrocitate animi moveor, Cic. Cat. 4, 11: ce n'est pas une dureté de sentiments qui me pousse. - habet atrocitatis aliquid legatio, Cic. Phil. 6, 7: [l'envoi de] cette députation a qqch de dur (rigoureux). - invidiosa atrocitas verborum, Cic. ad. Q. Fr. 1: l'âpreté révoltante de l'expression. - atrocitas ista quo modo irruperit, nescio, Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 136: comment cette rigidité de principes a fait irruption, je l'ignore. - atrocitas formularum, Quint. 7, 1, 37: la rigueur des formules. [st1]3 [-] au plur. atrocités, actes de cruauté. - crudelissimae mulieris cunctis atrocitatibus expositis, Apul. M. 10: après avoir exposé toutes les atrocités de cette femme monstrueuse.* * *ătrōcĭtās, ātis, f. [atrox] [st1]1 [-] atrocité, horreur, cruauté, monstruosité. - rei atrocitas, Cic. Verr. 4, 87: horreur d'un fait. - criminis atrocitas, Cic. Verr. 4, 105: cruauté d'une accusation. - verbi atrocitas, Cic. Phil. 8, 1: ce qu'un mot comporte de cruel (d'odieux). - temporis atrocitas, Phil. 8, 32: conjonctures terribles. [st1]2 [-] caractère farouche, rudesse, dureté, violence. - non atrocitate animi moveor, Cic. Cat. 4, 11: ce n'est pas une dureté de sentiments qui me pousse. - habet atrocitatis aliquid legatio, Cic. Phil. 6, 7: [l'envoi de] cette députation a qqch de dur (rigoureux). - invidiosa atrocitas verborum, Cic. ad. Q. Fr. 1: l'âpreté révoltante de l'expression. - atrocitas ista quo modo irruperit, nescio, Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 136: comment cette rigidité de principes a fait irruption, je l'ignore. - atrocitas formularum, Quint. 7, 1, 37: la rigueur des formules. [st1]3 [-] au plur. atrocités, actes de cruauté. - crudelissimae mulieris cunctis atrocitatibus expositis, Apul. M. 10: après avoir exposé toutes les atrocités de cette femme monstrueuse.* * *Atrocitas, penul. corr. atrocitatis, f. g. Denominatiuum. Cic. Oultrage, Cruaulté, Felonnie.\Leuare atrocitatem alicuius rei. Cic. Amoindrir, Adoulcir.\Atrocitas verborum. Cic. Parolles oultrageuses. -
7 ac
atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).I.In joining single words, which is its most common use.A.In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)1.The form atque.a.Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):b.sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):2.Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):B.sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—Esp.a.In a hendiadys:b.utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).(α).Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:(β).Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—With adeo, and that too, and even:(γ).intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—With etiam:(δ).id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—With the dem. pron. hic, is:II.negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—In comparisons.A.Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:B.si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:C.illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;D.once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;E.in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):F.nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:G.amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:III.principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.a.Absol.:b.Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—With potius:IV.Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —In connecting clauses and beginning periods.1.In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:2.atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.a.Absol.:b.maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —Often with etiam:c.Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—Sometimes with quoque:d.Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—3.In narration:4.aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):5.Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—In connecting two acts or events.a.In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;b. (α).ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—Absol.:(β).si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—With ita or sic:c.Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):6.non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:7.Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—In expressing a wish, atque utinam:8.Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.a.Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;b.atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—With tamen:9.nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;10.... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).a.A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:b.Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—A positive purpose:11.Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:b.atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—In introducing parentheses:c.vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:V.Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—In particular connections and phrases.A.Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:B.unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—Etiam atque etiam. again and again:C.temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—D.Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:E.atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:F.Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—With other conjunctions.1.After et:2.equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:3.submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—Before et:4.caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):G.nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:a.In the second place:b.Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—In the third place:quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.) -
8 adque
atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).I.In joining single words, which is its most common use.A.In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)1.The form atque.a.Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):b.sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):2.Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):B.sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—Esp.a.In a hendiadys:b.utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).(α).Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:(β).Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—With adeo, and that too, and even:(γ).intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—With etiam:(δ).id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—With the dem. pron. hic, is:II.negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—In comparisons.A.Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:B.si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:C.illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;D.once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;E.in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):F.nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:G.amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:III.principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.a.Absol.:b.Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—With potius:IV.Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —In connecting clauses and beginning periods.1.In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:2.atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.a.Absol.:b.maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —Often with etiam:c.Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—Sometimes with quoque:d.Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—3.In narration:4.aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):5.Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—In connecting two acts or events.a.In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;b. (α).ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—Absol.:(β).si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—With ita or sic:c.Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):6.non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:7.Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—In expressing a wish, atque utinam:8.Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.a.Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;b.atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—With tamen:9.nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;10.... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).a.A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:b.Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—A positive purpose:11.Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:b.atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—In introducing parentheses:c.vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:V.Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—In particular connections and phrases.A.Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:B.unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—Etiam atque etiam. again and again:C.temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—D.Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:E.atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:F.Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—With other conjunctions.1.After et:2.equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:3.submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—Before et:4.caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):G.nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:a.In the second place:b.Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—In the third place:quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.) -
9 atque
atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).I.In joining single words, which is its most common use.A.In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)1.The form atque.a.Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):b.sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):2.Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):B.sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—Esp.a.In a hendiadys:b.utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).(α).Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:(β).Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—With adeo, and that too, and even:(γ).intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—With etiam:(δ).id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—With the dem. pron. hic, is:II.negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—In comparisons.A.Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:B.si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:C.illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;D.once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;E.in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):F.nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:G.amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:III.principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.a.Absol.:b.Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—With potius:IV.Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —In connecting clauses and beginning periods.1.In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:2.atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.a.Absol.:b.maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —Often with etiam:c.Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—Sometimes with quoque:d.Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—3.In narration:4.aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):5.Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—In connecting two acts or events.a.In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;b. (α).ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—Absol.:(β).si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—With ita or sic:c.Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):6.non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:7.Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—In expressing a wish, atque utinam:8.Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.a.Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;b.atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—With tamen:9.nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;10.... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).a.A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:b.Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—A positive purpose:11.Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:b.atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—In introducing parentheses:c.vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:V.Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—In particular connections and phrases.A.Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:B.unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—Etiam atque etiam. again and again:C.temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—D.Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:E.atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:F.Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—With other conjunctions.1.After et:2.equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:3.submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—Before et:4.caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):G.nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:a.In the second place:b.Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—In the third place:quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.) -
10 certus
certus, a, um [orig. P. a. from cerno; hence], adj., determined, resolved, fixed, settled, purposed: non dubius.I.(Acc. to cerno, II. D.) Certum est (mihi), it is determined, it is my ( thy, his, etc.) decision, resolution, will, I am resolved, I mean, etc. (mostly ante-class.; most freq. in Plaut.); with inf.: quorum virtuti belli Fortuna pepercit, Eorundem me libertati parcere certum est, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 206 Vahl.):b.certum'st hominem eludere,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 109:tibi credere,
id. Aul. 4, 9, 7; cf. id. Capt. 3, 1, 32; id. Curc. 2, 1, 1; id. Cas. 2, 4, 15; id. Cist. 3, 1, 16; id. Ep. 5, 1, 57; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 37; id. Most. 1, 3, 80; id. Men. 5, 6, 12; id. Mil. 2, 3, 32; id. Merc. 3, 1, 7; id. Ps. 1, 5, 138; id. Poen. 5, 5, 25; id. Pers. 2, 2, 39; id. Rud. 3, 3, 22; id. Stich. 5, 4, 2; id. Trin. 2, 1, 34; id. Truc. 2, 6, 68; Ter. And. 2, 1, 11; id. Eun. 1, 2, 108: certum est deliberatumque, quae ad causam pertinere arbitror, omnia dicere, Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:certum atque decretum est non dare signum,
Liv. 2, 45, 13:certum est igni circumdare muros,
Verg. A. 9, 153.—Certum'st mihi with inf., Plaut. As. 1, 3, 94; 3, 3, 23; id. Cas. 1, 1, 3; id. Mil. 3, 1, 154; id. Ps. 4, 8, 2; Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144; Liv. 35, 46, 13; Ov. M. 9, 53 al.—Without inf., esp. parenthet., with expression of purpose by a fut. tense:certum est, malam rem potius quaeram cum lucro,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 15:certum est, jam dicam patri,
id. Bacch. 3, 1, 15:certum est, ibo ad medicum,
id. Merc. 2, 4, 4: An. Certumn' est tibi? Ly. Certum, id. Poen. 2, 48; cf. id. Stich. 4, 2, 33.—With pron. or subst.: Ar. Certumne'st tibi istuc? He. Non moriri certius, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 74;so further with istuc,
id. ib. 2, 1, 20; Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 30:mihi autem abjurare certius est quam dependere,
Cic. Att. 1, 8, 3:ad eum senem oppugnare certum est consilium,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 60:quae nunc sunt certa ei consilia, etc.,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 16:certa res hanc est objurgare,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 73; so id. Merc. 5, 2, 16; id. Mil. 2, 4, 45; Ter. And. 2, 2, 31; Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 16.—(From the time of the Aug. poets.) Transf. to the person who is determined upon something, determined, resolved, bent.(α).With inf.:(β).certa mori,
Verg. A. 4, 564 (cf. id. ib. 4, 475:decrevitque mori): certi non cedere,
Ov. M. 9, 43:certa sequi,
Val. Fl. 5, 47.—With gen. (cf. Ramsh. Gr. p. 323; Zumpt, Gr. § 437, n. 1;(γ).A. and S. § 213, R. 1): certus eundi,
Verg. A. 4, 554; Ov. M. 11, 440:desciscendi,
Tac. H. 4, 14:relinquendae vitae,
id. A. 4, 34:necis,
Sil. 6, 27:fugae,
Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 12:destinationis,
Tac. A. 12, 32:sceleris,
id. ib. 12, 66:consilii,
id. H. 2, 46.—With an:II.nec sat certa an cederet armis,
Sil. 9, 480.—An epithet of all those objects whose existence or reality is fixed, determined (hence in connection with definitus, Quint. 7, 10, 7;A.with praefinitus,
Suet. Galb. 14), or in respect to which there can be no doubt (hence opp. dubius, Quint. 7, 6, 3; 5, 12, 3; 12, 3, 6 al.).Object.1.Of things whose external qualities, number, etc., are invariable, established, settled, fixed, particular, specified, etc. (class.):b.Arboribus primum certis gravis umbra tributa,
Lucr. 6, 783:fruges, bacae,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:jam ad certas res conficiendas certos homines delectos ac descriptos habebat,
id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:concilium in diem certam indicere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 30 fin.;so with dies,
a fixed term, Cato, R. R. 149, 1; Cic. Att. 6, 2, 9; Nep. Chabr. 3, 1; Liv. 1, 50, 1; Tac. G. 9 al.; cf.:certis diebus,
Verg. G. 2, 329:quaerere ab judicibus cur in certa verba jurent, cur certo tempore conveniant, certo discedant,
Cic. Inv. 2, 45, 132; cf. Suet. Aug. 41:certum praefinitumque tempus,
id. Galb. 14; and:certum statumque vectigal,
id. Calig. 40:pecunia (opp. arbitraria), v. arbitrarius: finis aerumnarum,
Lucr. 1, 108; cf. id. 2, 512; 8, 1091; Hor. S. 1, 1, 106; id. Ep. 1, 2, 56:locus,
Caes. B. G. 5, 1, 6:numerus,
id. ib. 7, 75:signum,
fixed, agreed upon, id. B. C. 1, 27:naves,
fixed in number and quality, id. ib. 1, 56:pecuniae imperabantur,
id. ib. 3, 32 fin.:conviva,
i. e. a daily, constant guest, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 75 Schmid:ecquem tu illo certiorem nebulonem,
Cic. Att. 15, 21, 2.—But sometimes indef., like quidam, and our certain, of things, the certainty of whose existence is given, but whose nature is not more definitely designated, or comes not into consideration (cf. aliquis):2.Cephaloedi mensis est certus, quo mense sacerdotem maximum creari oporteat,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 128:habet certos sui studiosos,
id. Brut. 16, 64:(hunc) certis rebus imperatis regnare jussit,
id. Sest. 27, 58:certi homines ad eam rem periti,
id. ib. 18, 41:res a certis hominibus corrupta,
id. Fam. 1, 2, 3; 4, 9, 2; 16, 11, 2; id. Marcell. 6, 16; id. Deiot. 4, 11; Liv. 34, 61, 7.—Hence in Quint. several times in connection with quidam and aliquis:ad certas quasdam dicendi leges alligati,
Quint. 8, prooem. § 2; so id. 8, prooem. § 12; 4, 2, 28; 5, 10, 2; 5, 10, 5; 9, 4, 8;11, 2, 28: aliquos compositionis certos pedes,
id. 10, 2, 13; so id. 7, prooem. § 4; and subst.:in his certos aliquos docebit,
id. 2, 8, 13.—Trop., of things whose internal moral qualities are established, fixed, can be relied upon, sure, unerring, to be depended upon, true, faithful, [p. 321] etc. (so most freq. in all periods and species of composition; syn.: firmus, confirmatus, exploratus, indubitatus, manifestus al.).a.Of persons: amicus certus in re incertā cernitur, Enn. ap. Cic. Lael. 17, 64; cf.:b.tu ex amicis certis mi es certissimus,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 57:certi homines, quibus dem litteras,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 1; cf. id. Cat. 3, 7, 16; Nep. Paus. 2, 4; id. Alcib. 10, 1; Cic. Rosc. Am. 19, 53; id. Verr. 2, 2, 64, § 156:certus enim promisit Apollo, etc.,
Hor. C. 1, 7, 28:auctor (mortis),
Quint. 6, 3, 68; cf. Suet. Tib. 5:adversus hostem nec spe nec animo certiorem, i. e. firmiorem,
Liv. 10, 35, 17: apud latera certos collocaverat, Sall. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 576 (H. 1, 53 Dietsch); cf. Nep. Dion, 9, 2:per litora certos dimittam,
Verg. A. 1, 576:certissimus auctor (Phoebus),
id. G. 1, 432.—Of things:B.satis animo certo et confirmato,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77; cf.pectora,
Verg. A. 9, 249, and certior indoles, Suet. Ner. 10:promissa,
Cic. Fam. 6, 12, 1:parata dicendi copia et certa,
Quint. 10, 6, 6; id. 6, prooem. §9: jus,
id. 12, 3, 6 et saep.:jactus (telorum),
Tac. A. 14, 37; cf.in this sense certa hasta,
Verg. A. 11, 767:sagitta,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 23:fides segetis,
id. ib. 3, 16, 30:spes,
id. C. S. 74:trames,
id. S. 2, 3, 49:lar,
id. Ep. 1, 7, 58 al.:plana et certa,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 1:certa et clara,
Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 1 Ruhnk.; so Liv. 22, 39, 22; cf. Hor. S. 2, 6, 27.—Subst., with gen.:certa maris,
Tac. H. 4, 81.—Subject., of that which is established by evidence, etc., placed beyond doubt, certain, sure, true, proved, established (class.; esp. freq. in neutr.):2.cum ad has suspitiones certissimae res accederent,
Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 5, 29:incerta pro certis malebant,
Sall. C. 17, 6; cf.:incerta pro certis mutare,
id. J. 83, 1:postremo certior res,
Liv. 29, 6, 12:certiora esse dicunt quam, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 3, 5, 13; id. Att. 3, 11, 2; Liv. 10, 35, 12: So. Satin hoc certum'st? Ge. Certum:hisce oculis egomet vidi,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 31:jam satis certumst virginem vitiatam esse?
id. Enn. 4, 4, 36:cum certius tibi sit me esse Romae quam mihi te Athenis,
Cic. Att. 1, 9, 1:id parum certum est,
Liv. 5, 35, 3:cum de altero intellectu certum est, de altero dubium,
Quint. 7, 6, 3; cf. id. 7, 3, 4: non certum traditur, with interrog.-clause, Liv. 2, 8, 8:nec quicquam certi respondes mihi?
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 84:neque tanto spatio certi quid esset explorari poterat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 45:certum inveniri non potest ne... an,
id. B. C. 1, 25:si quicquam humanorum certi est,
Liv. 5, 33, 1: Ph. Civemne? Th. Arbitror:Certum non scimus,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 31; cf. id. Phorm. 1, 2, 98; Cic. Att. 12, 23, 2.—So, certum scire, to know for a certainty, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 12; id. Hec. 3, 1, 44; Cic. Fam. 9, 23 init.:certum habere,
to reckon certain, id. Att. 1, 13, 1; Liv. 36, 28, 4; 5, 3, 2; Quint. 2, 3, 9; Col. 2, 22, 5 al.:certum respondeo,
Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92:cognoscere, Auct. B. Alex. 53: comperire, Auct. B. Hisp. 22.—So also pro certo habere,
Cic. Att. 10, 6, 3; Matius ap. Cic. Att. 9, 15, A med.; Sall. C. 52, 17; Suet. Dom. 23:negare,
Cic. Att. 5, 21, 5:polliceri,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 102:dicere aliquid,
id. Brut. 3, 10:ponere,
Liv. 23, 6, 8:scire,
id. 25, 10, 1:affirmare,
id. 27, 1, 13; 3, 23, 7; cf. id. 1, 3, 2 Drak.:creditur,
Sall. C. 15, 2:coeperit esse,
Quint. 5, 12, 2:certius cognoscere ex aliquo de aliquā re,
Caes. B. G. 5, 52, 5.—Strengthened by comp.:quin nihil invenies magis hoc certo certius,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 111; cf.:et hoc certo certius est et saepissime constitutum,
Dig. 42, 8, 10, § 14:certo certius,
Ambros. in Ephes. 5; Paul. Vit. St. Ambros. 25; App. M. 9, p. 237, 27.—In Plaut. certum or certius facere alicui, to give certainty to one concerning any thing, make him certain, Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 17; 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 2, 2, 4.—Transf. to the person who is made certain in reference to a thing, certain, sure:A.certi sumus periisse omnia,
Cic. Att. 2, 19, 5:num quid nunc es certior?
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 191:posteritatis,
i. e. of posthumous fame, Plin. Ep. 9, 3, 1:sententiae,
Quint. 4, 3, 8:judicii,
Sen. Ep. 45, 9:certus de suā geniturā,
Suet. Vesp. 25:damnationis,
id. Tib. 61:exitii,
Tac. A. 1, 27:spei,
id. H. 4, 3:matrimonii,
id. A. 12, 3:certi sumus, etc.,
Gell. 18, 10, 5.—In class. prose mostly in the phrase certiorem facere aliquem (de aliquā re, alicujus rei, with a foll, acc. and inf., with a rel.-clause or absol.), to inform, apprise one of a thing:me certiorem face,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 69:ut nos facias certiores,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 32:uti se (sc. Caesarem) de his rebus certiorem faciant,
Caes. B. G. 2, 2:qui certiorem me sui consilii fecit,
Cic. Att. 9, 2, a, 2:Caesarem certiorem faciunt, sese non facile ab oppidis vim hostium prohibere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 11:faciam te certiorem quid egerim,
Cic. Att. 3, 11, 1.— With subj. only:milites certiores facit, paulisper intermitterent proelium,
Caes. B. G. 3, 5 fin. — Pass.:quod crebro certior per me fias de omnibus rebus,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 1; so Caes. B. G. 1, 7; Sall. J. 104, 1:Caesar certior factus est, tres jam copiarum partes Helvetios id flumen transduxisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 12; so id. ib. 1, 21; 1, 41; 2, 1; Sall. J. 82, 2; Nep. Att. 12, 3:factus certior, quae res gererentur,
Caes. B. C. 1, 15:non consulibus certioribus factis,
Liv. 45, 21, 4.—Also in posit., though rarely:fac me certum quid tibi est,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 16; 4, 6, 35; Verg. A. 3, 179:lacrimae suorum Tam subitae matrem certam fecere ruinae,
Ov. M. 6, 268.— Hence, adv. in two forms.certō, with certainty, certainly, surely, of a truth, in fact, really, object. and subject. (cf. supra, II. A. and B.); only in the comic poets, and sometimes (most. freq. in his epistt.) in Cic., while the adverbial form certe belongs to all periods and all species of composition. The difference between them is, perhaps, merely historical; but v. infra, certe, B. I. 2. init.1.Object.:b.perii certo, haud arbitrario,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 42; cf. id. Merc. 2, 3, 106:mihi certo nomen Sosia'st,
id. Am. 1, 1, 176; id. Men. 2, 2, 39; Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 12:nihil ita exspectare quasi certo futurum,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 28, 81 (cf. the passage cited under certo, I. 1., from id. Div. 2, 7, 18).—In affirm. answers: Me. Liberum ego te jussi abire? Mes. Certo, yes, certainly, Plaut. Men. 5, 8, 9; so id. ib. 5, 9, 50; 2, 3, 38; id. Poen. 5, 5, 21; Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 9.—2.Subject.a.In gen. (very rare):b.certo enim ego vocem hic loquentis modo mi audire visus sum,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 5, 4:ego rus abituram me esse certo decrevi,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 10: Th. Quid aīs? Py. Atqui certo comperi, id. Eun. 5, 1, 9.—Esp. in the formula of asseveration, certo scio, I certainly know, I am fully persuaded, beyond all doubt (class.):B.certo edepol scio, me vidisse, etc.,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 2; id. Truc. 1, 1, 49; Ter. And. 5, 4, 26; id. Ad. 4, 5, 14; id. Eun. 1, 2, 119; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 19:quod te moleste ferre certo scio,
Cic. Att. 1, 12, 3; 2, 23, 2; id. Fam. 4, 13, 6; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; id. Rosc. Am. 8, 21; id. Phil. 3, 6, 17; id. Sen. 1, 1; 1, 2; Sall. J. 9, 2; id. C. 51, 16:veniunt in mentem mihi permulta: vobis plura, certo scio,
Cic. Caecin. 19, 55 (cf. under certe, I. 2.).—certē (class.; cf. supra, certo init.).I. 1.Object.:b.certe edepol, tu me alienabis,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 243:ego quidem ab hoc certe exorabo,
id. Bacch. 5, 2, 58:certe hercle,
id. As. 2, 1, 15; cf. Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 8; Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 71; Ter. And. 2, 2, 10:quom is certe Renuntiarit,
id. Heaut. 4, 4, 4:certe captus est!
id. And. 1, 1, 55:certe ut videamur cernere eum,
Lucr. 4, 760:si enim scit, certe illud eveniet: sin certe eveniet, nulla fortuna est,
Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18; cf. id. N. D. 1, 2, 5:fuit certe id aequum et certe exspectatum est, etc.,
id. Planc. 16, 38:ea certe vera sunt,
id. Mil. 35, 96:M. Catoni certe licuit, etc.,
id. Rep. 1, 1, 1:jam illa perfugia certe minime sunt audienda,
id. ib. 1, 5, 9:cum se certe decessurum videret,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 104; Cat. 62, 8:certe hinc Romanos olim fore ductores pollicitus,
Verg. A. 1, 234:o dea certe,
a goddess surely, id. ib. 1, 328:postremo expellet certe vivacior heres,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 132:placuit tibi, Delphice, certe, Dum, etc.,
Ov. M. 2, 543 al. — Comp.:speculatores mittere, qui certius explorata referant,
Liv. 3, 40, 13; 35, 48, 3:si reperire vocas amittere certius,
Ov. M. 5, 519; App. M. 2, p. 118, 1.— Sup., Tert. Pall. 4.—In an answer of affirmation:2.estne ipsus an non est! Is est, Certe is est, is est profecto,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 65; so Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 53; Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 9; id. Clu. 54, 149; id. Phil. 1, 15, 37; id. Ac. 2, 35, 113; and in confirmation of a preceding fact: venerat, ut opinor, haec res in judicium. Certe, certainly, surely, Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 42; id. Fam. 4, 2, 5; id. Or. 42, 144; cf. id. Off. 3, 29, 105; id. Fin. 2, 27, 91.—Subject., mostly in the phrase certe scio, I know to a certainty, I am sure (acc. to Klotz ad Cic. Sen. 1, 2, certe scio = certum est me scire, I am fully convinced: certo scio = certum est quod scio, my knowledge is accurate, etc.):b.certe edepol scio, si aliud quicquam est quod credam aut certo sciam, etc.,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 115:edepol certo scio,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 20:scelestiorem me hac anu certe scio Vidisse numquam,
id. Aul. 1, 1, 21; cf. Cic. Arch. 12, 32:ex litteris certe scire potuistis,
id. Font. 4, 8; id. Phil. 12, 12, 29:quod iste certe statuerat ac deliberaverat non adesse,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 1.—In affirm. answers: Ar. Ain' vero? Le. Certe, inquam, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 132: Ch. Ain'tu? So. Certe, sic erit, Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 12.—c.In a subjective supposition or presumption that a thing is so, certainly, surely, assuredly, doubtless, of course; Gr. isôs:(β).ah nugas agis, Certe habes,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 25; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 58:si me tanti facis, quanti certe facis,
Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 3; 7, 8, 1; cf. Verg. A. 1, 234; Ov. M. 2, 423; Prop. 2, 7, 1. —In interrog., Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 3; Suet. Aug. 33.—II.Affirming with restriction, yet surely, yet indeed, at least, notwithstanding (very freq. in prose and poetry, esp. after the class. per.).A.Alone:B.si non ipsā re tibi istuc dolet, Simulare certe est hominis,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 16:cingitur, certe expedit se,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 152:ut homines mortem vel optare incipiant, vel certe timere desistant,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117:haec... sint falsa sane, invidiosa certe non sunt,
id. Ac. 2, 32, 105:qui... ut non referat pedem, sistet certe,
id. Phil. 12, 4, 8:res fortasse verae, certe graves,
id. Fin. 4, 3, 7; cf. Liv. 9, 11, 13:consulatum unum certe plebis Romanae esse,
id. 22, 34, 11:quos quoniam caeli nondum dignamur honore, Quas dedimus certe terras habitare sinamus,
Ov. M. 1, 195 et saep.:quo quid sit beatius, mihi certe in mentem venire non potest,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 28, 81; so,ego certe,
Quint. 8, 3, 65; 9, 4, 57:certe ego,
Sall. J. 31, 5; Ov. H. 19, 81; id. M. 13, 840; id. Tr. 4, 5, 13:mihi certe,
Quint. 10, 3, 23:ipse certe,
id. 8, 6, 30; Curt. 7, 4, 19; 7, 6, 22.—With other particles.1.With tamen:2.illud certe tamen, quod jam amplexi sumus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 22; id. Sen. 23, 84.—With at: quod (consilium) si non fuerit prudens, at certe ab optima fide proficiscetur, Balb. et opp. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A, 1; Ov. F. 3, 351; cf. at II. 3.—3.With sed: non integrā re, sed certe minus infractā, quam, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10, 8; cf. Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 56 dub. B. and K. —4.With quidem:ubi sit animus, certe quidem in te est,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70:quoniam volumus quidem certe senes fieri,
id. Sen. 2, 6; id. Quint. 15, 50:certe quidem vos estis Romani, etc.,
Liv. 45, 22, 5. (But quidem does not belong with certe in such passages as the foll.:hic quidem certe memorat, etc.,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 261 al.; v. quidem; cf. also aut and vel.) -
11 cui
persona who, whom formalcose whichla casa in cui abitano the house they live in, the house in which they live, the house where they liveil cui nome whose nameper cui so* * *1 (compl. ind.; in inglese è spesso sottinteso) who (m) ( riferito a persone); which ( riferito a cose e animali): l'unica persona a cui affiderei l'incarico non è disponibile, the only person (who) I would trust the job with is unavailable; l'amico con cui studiava ha cambiato scuola, the friend he studied with (o form. with whom he studied) has changed school; il quadro è di Pontormo, di cui forse hai sentito parlare, the painting is by Pontormo, of whom you may have heard; le persone da cui hai avuto queste informazioni non sono attendibili, the people you got this information from (o form. from whom you obtained this information) are unreliable; ha molti nemici, di cui la maggior parte è invidiosa del suo successo, he has many enemies, most of whom are jealous of his success; la città da cui provengono è Torino, the town they come from (o form. from which they come) is Turin; eccoti il libro di cui ti ho parlato, here's the book I told you about; l'animale con cui s'identifica spesso la superbia è il leone, the animal with which pride is often identified is the lion // il modo in cui, how, the way (in which): non mi piace il modo in cui si esprime, I don't like how (o the way) he expresses himself // tra cui, including: ha ricevuto molti messaggi di cordoglio, tra cui il telegramma del Presidente, she received many messages of sympathy, including a telegram from the President // per cui, so, therefore: mi hanno sfrattato, per cui dovrò cercare un nuovo alloggio, I've been evicted, so I'll have to find somewhere else to live // la ragione per cui, (the reason) why: ecco la ragione per cui sono partiti presto, this is (the reason) why they left early2 ( per indicare possesso) whose ( riferito a persone); whose, of which ( riferito a cose, animali): era un uomo di cui avevamo già apprezzato l'onestà, he was a man whose honesty we had already had occasion to appreciate; il Monte Bianco, la cui cima supera i 4000 m,..., Mont Blanc, whose peak is over 4000 m,...3 in cui, ( dove) where, ( quando) when: questa è la casa in cui nacque Manzoni, this is the house where Manzoni was born; non dimenticherò mai il giorno in cui avvenne il primo sbarco degli astronauti sulla luna, I'll never forget the day (when) the first moon landing took place.* * *[kui]pronome relativo invariabile1) (riferito a persone) whomla persona di cui parlavo — the person of whom I spoke, the person who I told you about
la ragazza (a) cui ho dato un bacio — the girl who(m) I gave a kiss to, the girl to whom I gave a kiss
2) (riferito a cose e animali) whichil contratto di cui ha parlato — the contract which he's spoken about, about which he's spoken
il modo in cui sono stati trattati — the way they were treated, the manner in which they were treated
la ragione per cui — the reason why o that
la nazione da cui provengo — the country I come from, the country from which I come
3) (per indicare possesso) (riferito a persone) whose; (riferito a cose e animali) whose, of whichil paese in cui vivo — the village where I live; (quando) when
il giorno in cui — the day when o that
6) tra cui••molti soldati disertarono, tra cui Tom — many of the soldiers deserted, among them Tom o including Tom
Note:Come pronome relativo per i casi indiretti, cui è solitamente preceduto da una preposizione (solo la preposizione a può essere sottintesa): il libro di cui ti ho parlato, la persona (a) cui stavo mostrando l'uscita. Le corrispondenti frasi inglesi si possono costruire in due modi: "the book I told you about" oppure "the book about which I told you", "the person I was showing the way out to" oppure "the person to whom I was showing the way out". La prima costruzione è utilizzata nella lingua corrente, parlata e scritta, la seconda è limitata all'uso formale, soprattutto scritto. Gli esempi mostrano che cui si rende con whom quando è riferito a persone e con which quando è riferito a cose o animali. - Quando cui è usato per indicare possesso si traduce con whose: l'uomo la cui auto, il cui portafoglio... the man whose car, wallet... - In cui può essere usato con valore locativo o temporale, ed è reso rispettivamente da where e when: la discoteca / il giorno in cui ci siamo conosciuti = the disco where / the day when we met. v. anche la nota della voce 1.che* * *cui/kui/Come pronome relativo per i casi indiretti, cui è solitamente preceduto da una preposizione (solo la preposizione a può essere sottintesa): il libro di cui ti ho parlato, la persona (a) cui stavo mostrando l'uscita. Le corrispondenti frasi inglesi si possono costruire in due modi: "the book I told you about" oppure "the book about which I told you", "the person I was showing the way out to" oppure "the person to whom I was showing the way out". La prima costruzione è utilizzata nella lingua corrente, parlata e scritta, la seconda è limitata all'uso formale, soprattutto scritto. Gli esempi mostrano che cui si rende con whom quando è riferito a persone e con which quando è riferito a cose o animali. - Quando cui è usato per indicare possesso si traduce con whose: l'uomo la cui auto, il cui portafoglio... the man whose car, wallet... - In cui può essere usato con valore locativo o temporale, ed è reso rispettivamente da where e when: la discoteca / il giorno in cui ci siamo conosciuti = the disco where / the day when we met. v. anche la nota della voce 1. che.pron.rel.inv.1 (riferito a persone) whom; la persona di cui parlavo the person of whom I spoke, the person who I told you about; la ragazza (a) cui ho dato un bacio the girl who(m) I gave a kiss to, the girl to whom I gave a kiss; non avevo nessuno con cui parlare I didn't have anybody to talk to2 (riferito a cose e animali) which; il contratto di cui ha parlato the contract which he's spoken about, about which he's spoken; il modo in cui sono stati trattati the way they were treated, the manner in which they were treated; non ho nulla con cui scrivere I have nothing to write with; la ragione per cui the reason why o that; la nazione da cui provengo the country I come from, the country from which I come3 (per indicare possesso) (riferito a persone) whose; (riferito a cose e animali) whose, of which; il ragazzo i cui libri the boy whose books; l'uomo con la cui figlia era sposato the man whose daughter he was married to4 in cui (dove) where; il paese in cui vivo the village where I live; (quando) when; il giorno in cui the day when o that5 per cui (quindi) so, thus, therefore; era stanca per cui andò a dormire she was tired and so went to bed6 tra cui molti soldati disertarono, tra cui Tom many of the soldiers deserted, among them Tom o including Tom. -
12 complector
complector ( conp-), plexus, 3, v. dep. (in signif. mostly coinciding with amplector), prop., to entwine around a person or thing (cf. amplector; class. in prose and poetry).I.Lit.a. (α).With acc.:(β).vidi et illam et hospitem Conplexum atque ausculantem,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 53: adcurrit;mediam mulierem complectitur,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 106:tum ille artius puellam amplexus,
Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103:viri corpus,
Lucr. 4, 1193:(adulescentem) complexus osculatusque dimiserit,
Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:suum maritum,
Ov. M. 12, 428:nepotes,
Verg. A. 6, 786:aliquem conplexa tenere,
Cic. Font. 21, 47 (17, 36); cf. Stat. S. 2, 1, 121.—Of parts of the person:dextram euntis,
Verg. A. 8, 558; Ov. M. 6, 494; cf. Curt. 6, 7, 8:infirmis membra lacertis,
Ov. M. 10, 407:genua. in supplication,
Quint. 6, 1, 34:pedes alicujus,
Luc. 10, 89.—With inter se:(γ).nosque inter nos esse conplexos,
Cic. Div. 1, 28, 58:conplecti inter se lacrimantes milites coepisse,
Liv. 7, 42, 6; Verg. A. 5, 766.—With in vicem, Quint. 7, 10, 17.—(δ).Absol.:(ε).nequeunt conplecti satis,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 32: Phr. Conplectere. Di. Lubens, id. Truc. 2, 4, 19:contineri qum conplectar non queo,
id. Men. 5, 9, 65; id. Mil. 4, 8, 19; Prop. 1, [p. 390] 10, 5.—With cum and abl., Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 134.—b.In gen., to grasp, clasp, seize, encircle, surround, compass, enclose:II.(vitis) claviculis suis quasi manibus quicquid est nacta complectitur,
Cic. Sen. 15, 52:(orbis caelestis) extimus, qui reliquos omnis complectitur,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:complexi terram maris,
Ov. M. 8, 731:ubi mollis amaracus illum (Ascanium) Floribus et dulci conplectitur umbrā,
Verg. A. 1, 694:vestis complectens undique corpus,
Cat. 64, 307:spatium,
to mark out around for military purposes, Caes. B. G. 7, 72; Auct. B. G. 8, 74; cf.of ploughing around,
Ov. M. 15, 619:aliquem obsidione,
Vell. 2, 51, 1 et saep.:caput digitis cruentis,
Ov. M. 3, 727:manibus eminentia saxa,
Curt. 7, 11, 15:dexterā impendentes ramos,
id. 9, 5, 13.—Of grasping an adversary in fight:quoad stans complecti posset atque contendere,
Nep. Epam. 2, 4:qui cum inter se complexi in terram ex equis decidissent... non prius distracti sunt, quam alterum anima relinqueret,
in contention, id. Eum. 4, 2.—Trop.A.Of sleep, to seize upon, enfold:B.sopor fessos complectitur artus,
Verg. A. 2, 253; cf.:me artior somnus conplexus est,
Cic. Rep. 6, 10, 10.—To embrace something intellectually as a whole, to comprehend, understand:C.aliquid cogitatione et mente,
Cic. Or. 2, 8; cf. id. Fam. 5, 17, 4:deum et divinum animum cogitatione,
id. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:omne caelum totamque cum universo mari terram mente,
id. Fin. 2, 34, 112; cf. Quint. 12, 1, 25; 12, 2, 17:animo proxima quaeque meo,
Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 70:rei magnitudinem animo,
Cic. de Or. 1, 5, 19; Quint. 10, 6, 3; 10, 6, 6 al.; cf. without acc.:cum conplector animo, quattuor reperio causas, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 5, 15.—Without mente, animo, etc.:perficies ut ego ista innumerabilia complectens nusquam labar?
Cic. Ac. 2, 35, 114:totum genus judiciorum,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 32:formam animi magis quam corporis,
to consider, Tac. Agr. 46:aliquid memoriā,
Cic. Div. 2, 71, 146; Quint. 2, 7, 3;and without memoria,
id. 11, 2, 36.—To comprehend a multitude of objects in discourse or in a written representation, to comprise, express, describe, represent, explain; with acc. and abl. or adv.:2.omnia alicujus facta oratione,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 26, § 57:omnium rerum memoriam breviter libro,
id. Brut. 3, 14:orator autem sic illigat sententiam verbis, ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,
id. de Or. 3, 44, 175:omnia unā comprehensione,
id. Fin. 5, 9, 26:plura semel,
Quint. 11, 1, 66:pauca paucis,
id. 8, 3, 82; cf. id. 7, 3, 29:sententiam his verbis,
id. 3, 6, 13.—Esp. with sententiā, to sum up in a formal vote or decree (of speeches in the Senate): causas complectar ipsā sententiā, in the motion or decree itself, Cic. Phil. 14, 11, 29:sed ut aliquando sententiā complectar, ita censeo,
id. ib. 14, 14, 36.—Hence,In philos. lang., to draw a conclusion, make an inference, Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73; Auct. Her. 2, 29, 47; cf. complexio.—D.To embrace from love, to love, value, honor; to be addicted to, to care for; with acc. and abl.:E.aliquem honoribus et beneficiis suis,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 16, 38; cf.:eum beneficio,
id. Planc. 33, 82:aliquem summā benevolentiā,
id. Fam. 6, 14, 1:hunc omni tuā comitate,
id. ib. 7, 5, 3:omnes caritate cives,
Liv. 7, 40, 3:aliquem artā familiaritate,
Plin. Ep. 3, 11, 5 al. — Without abl.:hominem,
Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 4. — Absol.: da te homini;complectetur,
Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2:quos fortuna complexa est,
id. Lael. 15, 54:philosophiam,
id. Brut. 93, 322; cf.:artes ingenuas,
Ov. P. 1, 6, 9:causam eam,
Cic. Phil. 5, 16, 44; cf. id. Att. 16, 15, 3:otium,
id. ib. 2, 6, 1.—To embrace, include:F.cari sunt parentes, cari liberi, propinqui, familiares, sed omnis omnium caritates patria una complexa est,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 87:licet haec omnia complectatur eversio,
Quint. 8, 3, 69; 2, 15, 13.—(Causa pro effectu.) To take into possession, to seize, lay hold of, to make one ' s self master of (rare):(philosophiae) vis valet multum, cum est idoneam complexa naturam,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 11:facultatem aliquam,
id. Fam. 10, 12, 5; Liv. 44, 1, 12:plures provincias complexus sum quam alii urbes ceperunt,
Curt. 6, 3, 4.► *a.Act. collat form complecto, ĕre: quando convenit complectite, Pompon. ap. Non. p. 472 fin.; cf. Prisc. p. 797 P.—b.complector, ti, in pass. signif.: invidiosā fortunā complecti, Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 793 P.:quo uno maleficio scelera omnia complexa esse videantur,
id. Rosc. Am. 13, 37 (but in Cic. Tusc. 5, 14, 40, and id. Fin. 3, 12, 41, the best read. is completur). -
13 conplector
complector ( conp-), plexus, 3, v. dep. (in signif. mostly coinciding with amplector), prop., to entwine around a person or thing (cf. amplector; class. in prose and poetry).I.Lit.a. (α).With acc.:(β).vidi et illam et hospitem Conplexum atque ausculantem,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 53: adcurrit;mediam mulierem complectitur,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 106:tum ille artius puellam amplexus,
Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103:viri corpus,
Lucr. 4, 1193:(adulescentem) complexus osculatusque dimiserit,
Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:suum maritum,
Ov. M. 12, 428:nepotes,
Verg. A. 6, 786:aliquem conplexa tenere,
Cic. Font. 21, 47 (17, 36); cf. Stat. S. 2, 1, 121.—Of parts of the person:dextram euntis,
Verg. A. 8, 558; Ov. M. 6, 494; cf. Curt. 6, 7, 8:infirmis membra lacertis,
Ov. M. 10, 407:genua. in supplication,
Quint. 6, 1, 34:pedes alicujus,
Luc. 10, 89.—With inter se:(γ).nosque inter nos esse conplexos,
Cic. Div. 1, 28, 58:conplecti inter se lacrimantes milites coepisse,
Liv. 7, 42, 6; Verg. A. 5, 766.—With in vicem, Quint. 7, 10, 17.—(δ).Absol.:(ε).nequeunt conplecti satis,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 32: Phr. Conplectere. Di. Lubens, id. Truc. 2, 4, 19:contineri qum conplectar non queo,
id. Men. 5, 9, 65; id. Mil. 4, 8, 19; Prop. 1, [p. 390] 10, 5.—With cum and abl., Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 134.—b.In gen., to grasp, clasp, seize, encircle, surround, compass, enclose:II.(vitis) claviculis suis quasi manibus quicquid est nacta complectitur,
Cic. Sen. 15, 52:(orbis caelestis) extimus, qui reliquos omnis complectitur,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:complexi terram maris,
Ov. M. 8, 731:ubi mollis amaracus illum (Ascanium) Floribus et dulci conplectitur umbrā,
Verg. A. 1, 694:vestis complectens undique corpus,
Cat. 64, 307:spatium,
to mark out around for military purposes, Caes. B. G. 7, 72; Auct. B. G. 8, 74; cf.of ploughing around,
Ov. M. 15, 619:aliquem obsidione,
Vell. 2, 51, 1 et saep.:caput digitis cruentis,
Ov. M. 3, 727:manibus eminentia saxa,
Curt. 7, 11, 15:dexterā impendentes ramos,
id. 9, 5, 13.—Of grasping an adversary in fight:quoad stans complecti posset atque contendere,
Nep. Epam. 2, 4:qui cum inter se complexi in terram ex equis decidissent... non prius distracti sunt, quam alterum anima relinqueret,
in contention, id. Eum. 4, 2.—Trop.A.Of sleep, to seize upon, enfold:B.sopor fessos complectitur artus,
Verg. A. 2, 253; cf.:me artior somnus conplexus est,
Cic. Rep. 6, 10, 10.—To embrace something intellectually as a whole, to comprehend, understand:C.aliquid cogitatione et mente,
Cic. Or. 2, 8; cf. id. Fam. 5, 17, 4:deum et divinum animum cogitatione,
id. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:omne caelum totamque cum universo mari terram mente,
id. Fin. 2, 34, 112; cf. Quint. 12, 1, 25; 12, 2, 17:animo proxima quaeque meo,
Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 70:rei magnitudinem animo,
Cic. de Or. 1, 5, 19; Quint. 10, 6, 3; 10, 6, 6 al.; cf. without acc.:cum conplector animo, quattuor reperio causas, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 5, 15.—Without mente, animo, etc.:perficies ut ego ista innumerabilia complectens nusquam labar?
Cic. Ac. 2, 35, 114:totum genus judiciorum,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 32:formam animi magis quam corporis,
to consider, Tac. Agr. 46:aliquid memoriā,
Cic. Div. 2, 71, 146; Quint. 2, 7, 3;and without memoria,
id. 11, 2, 36.—To comprehend a multitude of objects in discourse or in a written representation, to comprise, express, describe, represent, explain; with acc. and abl. or adv.:2.omnia alicujus facta oratione,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 26, § 57:omnium rerum memoriam breviter libro,
id. Brut. 3, 14:orator autem sic illigat sententiam verbis, ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,
id. de Or. 3, 44, 175:omnia unā comprehensione,
id. Fin. 5, 9, 26:plura semel,
Quint. 11, 1, 66:pauca paucis,
id. 8, 3, 82; cf. id. 7, 3, 29:sententiam his verbis,
id. 3, 6, 13.—Esp. with sententiā, to sum up in a formal vote or decree (of speeches in the Senate): causas complectar ipsā sententiā, in the motion or decree itself, Cic. Phil. 14, 11, 29:sed ut aliquando sententiā complectar, ita censeo,
id. ib. 14, 14, 36.—Hence,In philos. lang., to draw a conclusion, make an inference, Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73; Auct. Her. 2, 29, 47; cf. complexio.—D.To embrace from love, to love, value, honor; to be addicted to, to care for; with acc. and abl.:E.aliquem honoribus et beneficiis suis,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 16, 38; cf.:eum beneficio,
id. Planc. 33, 82:aliquem summā benevolentiā,
id. Fam. 6, 14, 1:hunc omni tuā comitate,
id. ib. 7, 5, 3:omnes caritate cives,
Liv. 7, 40, 3:aliquem artā familiaritate,
Plin. Ep. 3, 11, 5 al. — Without abl.:hominem,
Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 4. — Absol.: da te homini;complectetur,
Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2:quos fortuna complexa est,
id. Lael. 15, 54:philosophiam,
id. Brut. 93, 322; cf.:artes ingenuas,
Ov. P. 1, 6, 9:causam eam,
Cic. Phil. 5, 16, 44; cf. id. Att. 16, 15, 3:otium,
id. ib. 2, 6, 1.—To embrace, include:F.cari sunt parentes, cari liberi, propinqui, familiares, sed omnis omnium caritates patria una complexa est,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 87:licet haec omnia complectatur eversio,
Quint. 8, 3, 69; 2, 15, 13.—(Causa pro effectu.) To take into possession, to seize, lay hold of, to make one ' s self master of (rare):(philosophiae) vis valet multum, cum est idoneam complexa naturam,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 11:facultatem aliquam,
id. Fam. 10, 12, 5; Liv. 44, 1, 12:plures provincias complexus sum quam alii urbes ceperunt,
Curt. 6, 3, 4.► *a.Act. collat form complecto, ĕre: quando convenit complectite, Pompon. ap. Non. p. 472 fin.; cf. Prisc. p. 797 P.—b.complector, ti, in pass. signif.: invidiosā fortunā complecti, Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 793 P.:quo uno maleficio scelera omnia complexa esse videantur,
id. Rosc. Am. 13, 37 (but in Cic. Tusc. 5, 14, 40, and id. Fin. 3, 12, 41, the best read. is completur). -
14 lectio
lectĭo, ōnis, f. [lego].I.A gathering, collecting.A.In gen. (post-Aug. and rare):* B.lectio lapidum,
Col. 2, 2, 12:florum,
Arn. 5, 173.—In partic., a picking out, selecting:II.judicum,
Cic. Phil. 5, 6, 16. —A reading, perusal; a reading out, reading aloud.A.Lit.1.In gen.:2.delectabatur lectione librorum,
Cic. Ac. 2, 2, 4:lectio sine ulla delectatione,
id. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:versuum,
Quint. 1, 8, 2:non cruda, sed multa iteratione mollita et velut confecta,
id. 10, 1, 19:continua,
id. 11, 2, 34; cf. id. 1, cap. 8 and 10, cap. 1 passim.—In partic.: lectio senatūs, a reading off or calling over the names of the senators;B.this was done by the censor, who at the same time struck the unworthy ones from the list: infamis atque invidiosa senatus lectio,
Liv. 9, 29; 27, 11; Suet. Aug. 35.—Transf. (abstr. pro contr.), that which is read, reading, text (post-class.):lectio tamen docet, eo tempore solitos, etc.,
Macr. S. 7, 7, 5:haec sunt quae lectio pontificalis habet,
id. ib. 7, 13, 11 fin.:juris lectiones,
passages of the laws, Cod. Just. 6, 61, 5:ubi lectio aliqua falsitate notata est,
Isid. 1, 20, 3; so,pervulgati juris,
Amm. 30, 4, 18:datā lectione quae non sit intellectu difficilis,
Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 5, 163: quia Moyses prius hoc statuit, sicut lectio manifestat, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 7, 1 prooem. -
15 laudatrix
laudātrīx, trīcis, f. (Femin. zu laudator), die Lobrednerin, laudatrix Venus est invidiosa mihi, Ov. her. 16 (17), 126: creatura laud. homo, Augustin. serm. 29, 2: epistula laud. tua, Hieron. c. Rufin. 3, 4: v. Abstr., illa plerumque peccatorum vitiorumque laudatrix fama popularis, Cic. Tusc. 3, 4: non habet mors eius laudatricem sapientiam, Augustin. c. Gauden. 1, 39.
-
16 spes
spēs, eī, f. (altlat. Plur. speres, wov. spero), I) die Hoffnung, 1) eig.: a) appell.: lentior, sera. Liv.: vera, begründete, Cic.: falsa, Ter.: bona certaque, Cic.: spes emptionis, auf die dauernde Gültigkeit des Kaufes, Cic.: peccatorum, Cic.: patrandi incepti, Amm.: egregiae spei filia, hoffnungsvolle Tochter, Tac.: summae spei adulescentes, hochstrebende, Caes.: mit Genet. obiect., nullast spes iuventutis, von der Jugend ist nichts zu hoffen, Plaut.: spes est od. alci deest ad alqd faciendum, zB. ut nunc in uno cive spes ad resistendum sit, Cic.: cum spei nihil ad resistendum esset, Liv.: quia Gallis ad temptanda ea defuit spes, Liv. (vgl. Weißenb. Liv. 21, 25, 10): spem cepit fenoris expugnandi, Liv.: spes est in vobis, beruht auf euch, Cic.: in eo spem verti obsidionis, darauf beruhe usw., Liv.: omnem spem salutis in virtute ponere, Caes.: omnem spem otii in Pompeio ponere, Cic.: in alqo magnam spem dignitatis suae collocare, Cic.: spem habere, in spem venire od. ingredi od. adduci, spes me tenet (ich hoffe) mit folg. Acc. u. Infin., Cic. (vgl. Sorof u. Meißner Cic. Tusc. 1, 97): iniecta mihi spes est m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Cic.: si spem afferunt, ut etc., Cic. de amic. 68: spes magna est, ut etc., Gell. 7 (6), 14, 4: spes mihi certa fuit, ut etc., Auson. edyll. 2, 46. p. 34 Schenkl: irritā spe agitari, ut etc., Tac. ann. 16, 26: opinio omnis ad eam spem traducenda est, ut etc., Cic. de off. 2, 10: spes (mihi) est m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Plaut.: in magna spe esse m. folg. Acc. u. Infin. Fut. act., Cic.: de alqa re nec nulla nec magna in spe esse, Cic.: spe ullā teneri, Cic.: spe, quā iubes, nitemur, Cic.: spe duci m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Cic.: ponere in spem (seine H. darauf setzen) m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Plaut.: pax fuit in spe, wurde gehofft, Cic.: quod nulla habeo in spe, das hoffe ich nicht, macht mir keine Hoffnung, Cic.: id in optima spe pono, macht mir gute Hoffnung, Cic.: spem alci facere od. ostendere od. afferre, Cic.: spem alcis explere, Liv. u. (Ggstz. frustrari) Suet.: spes omnium explere, Iustin.: spei finem imponere, die H. krönen, Liv. spem alci dare, einflößen, Cic.: aber spem insperatam dare alci, erfüllen, Plaut.: spem insperatam offerre (eröffnen) alci, Plaut.: meam spem cupio consequi, Plaut. fr.: spem abscīdere, Liv., incīdere, Liv., od. praecīdere, Cic., od. destituere, Liv., od. fallere, Cic., od. eripere, Cic., od. adimere, Ter. u. Cic.: spem abicere, Brut. in Cic. ep., deponere, Hor.: spem perdere, Cic.: tum spem, tum metum ostendere (vor Augen stellen), Cic.: partim spe, partim metu, Versprechungen, Liv. – praeter spem, Cic., od. contra spem, Liv.: contra spem omnium, Caes. – in spem arripere, Hoffnung auf Erbschaft, Hor.: scribere alqm in secundam spem, zum anderen Erben, wenn der erste sterben sollte usw., zum Aftererben, Tac. – Plur., spes, Komik., Cic., Liv. u.a.: sperum, Eumen. pan. Constant. Aug. 15, 3: spebus, Sidon. epist. 1, 9. Sulpic. Sev. dial. 3, 10, 3. Salv. adv. avar. 2, 1, 1. Paul. Nol carm. 18, 263. Hilar. in psalm. 119. – b) personif., Spes, die Hoffnung als Göttin, die in Rom mehrere Tempel hatte u. deren Fest am 1. August gefeiert wurde, Plaut. Bacch. 893. Cic. de legg. 2, 28. Liv. 2, 51, 2. – 2) meton., die Hoffnung für das, worauf man seine Hoffnung setzt, wie ελπίς, das gehoffte Gut, spem vanam sequens, Ov.: spem sine corpore amat, Ov.: spem anni intercipere, Ov.: spe potitur, erreicht das Gehoffte, Ov.: castra Argivom, vestras spes uritis, Verg. – v. leb. Wesen, cum tam procul Romani, unica spes, circa omnia hostium essent, Liv.: spes gregis, v. den Lämmern, Verg.: u. so spes grexque, Lämmer u. Mutterschafe, Verg.: spes gentis, v. jungen Bienen, Verg.: clarissima forma multorum fuit spes invidiosa procorum, Ov.: spes reliqua nostra, Cicero, der du noch meine einzige H. bist, Cic.: u. als Schmeichelwort, spes mea, Plaut.: o mea spes, Plaut.: Flacce, Antenorei spes, Mart. – II) die Erwartung von etwas Ungünstigem = die Aussicht auf etw., die Befürchtung von etw. (vgl. Fabri Liv. 21, 6, 5), naufragii, Lucan.: mala res, spes multo asperior, Sall.: spe omnium serius, Liv.: omnium spe celerius, Liv. – / Archaist. Acc. Sing. sperem, Non. 171, 25 (ohne Beleg): Nom. u. Acc. Plur. speres, Enn. ann. 429 u. 128: Abl. speribus, Varro sat. Men. 1 u. 350.
-
17 laudatrix
laudātrīx, trīcis, f. (Femin. zu laudator), die Lobrednerin, laudatrix Venus est invidiosa mihi, Ov. her. 16 (17), 126: creatura laud. homo, Augustin. serm. 29, 2: epistula laud. tua, Hieron. c. Rufin. 3, 4: v. Abstr., illa plerumque peccatorum vitiorumque laudatrix fama popularis, Cic. Tusc. 3, 4: non habet mors eius laudatricem sapientiam, Augustin. c. Gauden. 1, 39.Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > laudatrix
-
18 spes
spēs, eī, f. (altlat. Plur. speres, wov. spero), I) die Hoffnung, 1) eig.: a) appell.: lentior, sera. Liv.: vera, begründete, Cic.: falsa, Ter.: bona certaque, Cic.: spes emptionis, auf die dauernde Gültigkeit des Kaufes, Cic.: peccatorum, Cic.: patrandi incepti, Amm.: egregiae spei filia, hoffnungsvolle Tochter, Tac.: summae spei adulescentes, hochstrebende, Caes.: mit Genet. obiect., nullast spes iuventutis, von der Jugend ist nichts zu hoffen, Plaut.: spes est od. alci deest ad alqd faciendum, zB. ut nunc in uno cive spes ad resistendum sit, Cic.: cum spei nihil ad resistendum esset, Liv.: quia Gallis ad temptanda ea defuit spes, Liv. (vgl. Weißenb. Liv. 21, 25, 10): spem cepit fenoris expugnandi, Liv.: spes est in vobis, beruht auf euch, Cic.: in eo spem verti obsidionis, darauf beruhe usw., Liv.: omnem spem salutis in virtute ponere, Caes.: omnem spem otii in Pompeio ponere, Cic.: in alqo magnam spem dignitatis suae collocare, Cic.: spem habere, in spem venire od. ingredi od. adduci, spes me tenet (ich hoffe) mit folg. Acc. u. Infin., Cic. (vgl. Sorof u. Meißner Cic. Tusc. 1, 97): iniecta mihi spes est m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Cic.: si spem afferunt, ut etc., Cic. de amic. 68: spes magna est, ut etc., Gell. 7 (6), 14, 4: spes mihi certa fuit, ut etc., Auson. edyll. 2, 46. p. 34 Schenkl: irritā spe agitari, ut etc., Tac. ann. 16, 26: opinio omnis ad eam spem————traducenda est, ut etc., Cic. de off. 2, 10: spes (mihi) est m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Plaut.: in magna spe esse m. folg. Acc. u. Infin. Fut. act., Cic.: de alqa re nec nulla nec magna in spe esse, Cic.: spe ullā teneri, Cic.: spe, quā iubes, nitemur, Cic.: spe duci m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Cic.: ponere in spem (seine H. darauf setzen) m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Plaut.: pax fuit in spe, wurde gehofft, Cic.: quod nulla habeo in spe, das hoffe ich nicht, macht mir keine Hoffnung, Cic.: id in optima spe pono, macht mir gute Hoffnung, Cic.: spem alci facere od. ostendere od. afferre, Cic.: spem alcis explere, Liv. u. (Ggstz. frustrari) Suet.: spes omnium explere, Iustin.: spei finem imponere, die H. krönen, Liv. spem alci dare, einflößen, Cic.: aber spem insperatam dare alci, erfüllen, Plaut.: spem insperatam offerre (eröffnen) alci, Plaut.: meam spem cupio consequi, Plaut. fr.: spem abscīdere, Liv., incīdere, Liv., od. praecīdere, Cic., od. destituere, Liv., od. fallere, Cic., od. eripere, Cic., od. adimere, Ter. u. Cic.: spem abicere, Brut. in Cic. ep., deponere, Hor.: spem perdere, Cic.: tum spem, tum metum ostendere (vor Augen stellen), Cic.: partim spe, partim metu, Versprechungen, Liv. – praeter spem, Cic., od. contra spem, Liv.: contra spem omnium, Caes. – in spem arripere, Hoffnung auf Erbschaft, Hor.: scribere alqm in secundam spem, zum anderen Erben, wenn der erste sterben sollte usw., zum Aftererben, Tac. –————Plur., spes, Komik., Cic., Liv. u.a.: sperum, Eumen. pan. Constant. Aug. 15, 3: spebus, Sidon. epist. 1, 9. Sulpic. Sev. dial. 3, 10, 3. Salv. adv. avar. 2, 1, 1. Paul. Nol carm. 18, 263. Hilar. in psalm. 119. – b) personif., Spes, die Hoffnung als Göttin, die in Rom mehrere Tempel hatte u. deren Fest am 1. August gefeiert wurde, Plaut. Bacch. 893. Cic. de legg. 2, 28. Liv. 2, 51, 2. – 2) meton., die Hoffnung für das, worauf man seine Hoffnung setzt, wie ελπίς, das gehoffte Gut, spem vanam sequens, Ov.: spem sine corpore amat, Ov.: spem anni intercipere, Ov.: spe potitur, erreicht das Gehoffte, Ov.: castra Argivom, vestras spes uritis, Verg. – v. leb. Wesen, cum tam procul Romani, unica spes, circa omnia hostium essent, Liv.: spes gregis, v. den Lämmern, Verg.: u. so spes grexque, Lämmer u. Mutterschafe, Verg.: spes gentis, v. jungen Bienen, Verg.: clarissima forma multorum fuit spes invidiosa procorum, Ov.: spes reliqua nostra, Cicero, der du noch meine einzige H. bist, Cic.: u. als Schmeichelwort, spes mea, Plaut.: o mea spes, Plaut.: Flacce, Antenorei spes, Mart. – II) die Erwartung von etwas Ungünstigem = die Aussicht auf etw., die Befürchtung von etw. (vgl. Fabri Liv. 21, 6, 5), naufragii, Lucan.: mala res, spes multo asperior, Sall.: spe omnium serius, Liv.: omnium spe celerius, Liv. – ⇒ Archaist. Acc. Sing. sperem, Non. 171, 25 (ohne Beleg): Nom. u. Acc. Plur. speres,————Enn. ann. 429 u. 128: Abl. speribus, Varro sat. Men. 1 u. 350. -
19 invidioso
См. также в других словарях:
Epanalepsis — (gr.), 1) (Rhet.), Figur, wenn man nach Parenthesen od. längeren Zwischensätzen ein Wort vom Anfang des Satzes wiederholt, z.B. aliquid praeterea, non opibus, non invidiosa gratia, non potentia vix ferenda, sed commemoratione beneficiorum, sed… … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Zeit — 1. Ach, du lewe Tît, hadd öck doch gefrît, wär öck rusch e Wiew geworde. – Frischbier, 4158. 2. Abgeredet vor der Zeit, bringt nachher keinen Streit. – Masson, 362. 3. All mit der Tit kumt Jan in t Wamms un Grêt in n Rock. – Lohrengel, I, 27;… … Deutsches Sprichwörter-Lexikon
TEMPS — Chacun sait à quel aspect de son expérience répond le mot de temps; mais aucune définition de la notion correspondante n’a reçu jusqu’ici, chez les savants comme chez les philosophes, une approbation unanime. Sensible à cette difficulté qu’il… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Alter (das) — 1. Alter, Amt und Frauen soll man ehren. 2. Alter bedarf Geld und Gutthat. 3. Alter erfährt alle Tage etwas Neues. Nämlich neues Uebel. 4. Alter geht vor, sagte der Rekrut zum Veteranen, da ging s zum Sturme. 5. Alter hat das Vorgehen. 6. Alter… … Deutsches Sprichwörter-Lexikon
vieillesse — [ vjɛjɛs ] n. f. • v. 1400; veillece v. 1120; de vieil, vieux 1 ♦ Dernière période de la vie normale qui succède à la maturité, caractérisée par un affaiblissement global des fonctions physiologiques et des facultés mentales et par des… … Encyclopédie Universelle
LECTICA — ex lectus, quod in co pulvinar et lectulus stratus erat: Gr. φορεῖον, κλίνη, in vario antiquis usu fuit: Bithynorum inventum, ut ex Cic. l. 5. in Verrem colligitur, Nam, ut mos fuit Bithyniae Regibus, Lectica octophoro ferebatur. Adhibita volupta … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
COLLYRA seu COLLYRIS — COLLYRA, seu COLLYRIS Graece Κολλύρα, et Κολλυρὶς, pastillus, seu parvus panis, in cinere coctus, atque inde cineribus fordidus. Hesychius: Ολλύρα, Θεόφραςος ἐπὶ τῶ ἐκ τέφρας πεπλασ μεν´ων. Aliter ἄκολος etc. Hinc κολλύρια, ocularia medicamenta,… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
HEXAPHORON — apud Mart. l. 2. Epigr. 81. cuius Epigraphe in Zoilum. Laxior hexaphoris tua sit lectica licebit. etc. genus lecticae, a sex servis, unde nomen, gestatae, quibus divites et nobiliores Romani circumferebantur, sicut Octophorum ab octo, vide infra … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
orbo — òr·bo agg., s.m. CO 1a. agg., s.m., che, chi è privo della vista: essere orbo dalla nascita Sinonimi: cieco, non vedente. 1b. agg., s.m., estens., che, chi è privo di un occhio o vede male da un occhio, guercio 2. agg., s.m. LE fig., che, chi è… … Dizionario italiano
