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41 index
индекс, указатель, показатель; коэффициент- cephalic index
- character index
- coli index
- color index
- diversity index
- drumming index
- fatness index
- frequency index
- frequency-abundance index
- gonadosomatic index
- hybrid index
- hydropathy index
- index of association
- index of electivity
- index of food similarity
- index of fullness of stomach
- index of refraction
- index of similarity
- index of stereotypy
- index of succession
- isolation index
- leaf area index
- lethal index
- Lincoln index
- metaphase pairing index
- mitotic index
- movement index
- mutation index
- neutralization index of virus
- parasite index
- Petersen index
- phagocytic index
- productivity index
- quantum chemical index
- recombination index
- recycling index
- refractive index
- retention index
- reversion index
- sacral index
- selection index
- sire index
- stomach filling index
- stroke volume index
- stroke work index
- suppressor cell index
- survival index
- tension-time index
- thoracic index -
42 underground
1) підпілля; підпільна організація2) підпільний, нелегальний, таємний; підземний3) підпільно, таємно, нелегально•- underground cell
- underground economy
- underground industry
- underground laboratory
- underground literature
- underground market
- underground millionaire
- underground movement
- underground nuclear tests
- underground publication -
43 women
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44 chef
chef [∫εf]1. masculine noun, feminine nouna. ( = patron) boss ; [de tribu] chief(tain)• faire le or jouer au petit chef to throw one's weight around► en chefb. [d'expédition, révolte, syndicat] leaderd. ( = cuisinier) chef2. invariable adjective• gardien/médecin chef chief warden/consultant3. compounds► chef de plateau (Cinema, TV) floor manager► chef de service departmental head ; ( = médecin) ≈ consultant* * *
I ʃɛfnom masculin1) ( meneur) leader3) ( dirigeant) gén head; Commerce ( d'un service) managercommandant en chef — Armée commander-in-chief
4) Culinairechef (cuisinier or de cuisine) — chef
5) (colloq) (as, champion) ace6) (dated) ( tête) headde mon/leur (propre) chef — on my/their own initiative
7) ( chapitre)au premier chef — primarily, first and foremost
•Phrasal Verbs:
II ʃɛfnom féminin boss (colloq)c'est elle la chef — she's the boss (colloq)
* * *ʃɛf1. nmf1) [groupe] leader, [tribu] chiefen chef; général en chef — general-in-chief
2) [service] headLe nouveau chef du service comptable est un Écossais. — The new head of the accounts department is Scottish.
3) (= supérieur hiérarchique) bossJe dois demander la permission à mon chef. — I have to get permission from my boss.
4) [cuisine] chef2. nm1)au premier chef (= avant tout) [concerner, viser] — primarily
2) (= de sa propre initiative)3) humoristique, lit (= tête)* * *A nm1 ( meneur) leader; le chef du parti the party leader; le chef de l'école cubiste the leader of the Cubist school; chef de l'opposition leader of the opposition; chef de bande gang leader; avoir des qualités de chef to have leadership qualities; avoir une âme or un tempérament de chef to be a born leader;2 ( supérieur) superior, boss○; Mil ( sergent) sergeant; votre chef en sera informé your superior will be informed; mon chef my boss○; salut, chef○! hi, boss○!;3 (patron, dirigeant) gén head; Comm ( d'un service) manager; chef de l'Église/de l'exécutif head of the Church/of the executive branch of government; l'exemple doit venir des chefs the example must come from the top; architecte en chef chief architect; commandant en chef Mil commander-in-chief; ⇒ petit;5 ○(as, champion) ace; se débrouiller comme un chef to manage splendidly;7 ( chapitre) heading; sous ce chef under this heading; au premier chef, leur négligence primarily ou first and foremost, their negligence; il importe, au premier chef, de rétablir l'ordre primarily, we must restore order.B ○nf boss○; à la maison, c'est elle la chef at home, she's the boss○.chef d'accusation Jur count of indictment; répondre à un chef d'accusation to answer a charge; chef d'atelier (shop) foreman; chef de bataillon major; chef de bureau chief clerk; chef de cabinet principal private secretary; chef de chantier works GB ou site foreman; chef de chœur choirmaster; chef de clan chieftain; chef de classe ≈ class prefect ou monitor GB, class president US; chef de clinique Méd ≈ senior registrar GB; chef de département head of department; chef d'entreprise head of a company; chef d'équipe Entr foreman; Sport team captain; chef d'escadron cavalry major; chef d'établissement head teacher; chef d'État head of state; chef d'état-major Chief of Staff; chef de fabrication production manager; chef de famille head of the family ou household; chef de file gén leader; Pol party leader; Fin ( de consortium) lead bank; Naut lead ship; chef de gare stationmaster; chef de gouvernement head of government; chef indien Indian chief; chef mécanicien engine driver GB, (locomotive) engineer US; chef de musique bandmaster; chef de nage stroke; chef d'orchestre conductor; chef de patrouille patrol leader; chef du personnel personnel manager; chef de plateau Cin, TV floor manager; chef de produit Comm product manager; chef de projet Entr project manager; chef de publicité ( d'agence) account executive; ( annonceur) advertising manager; ( dans les médias) advertising (sales) manager; chef de rang chef de rang; chef de rayon Comm department supervisor ou manager; chef de région area ou regional manager; chef de réseau ( espionnage) leader of a spy ring; ( Résistance) leader of a cell (in the Resistance movement); chef de service Admin section ou department head; Méd clinical director GB, chief physician US; chef de train guard GB, conductor US; chef de tribu headman; chef des ventes sales manager; chef de village village headman.[ʃɛf] nom masculinchef du personnel personnel ou staff manager2. MILITAIRE3. RAIL5. MUSIQUE6. SPORT7. [leader] leadera. (péjoratif) [dans une famille] domestic tyrantb. [au bureau, à l'usine] slave drivermédecin-chef ≃ senior consultant9. (humoristique) [tête] head10. DROITchef d'accusation charge ou count (of indictment)————————[ʃɛf] nom féminin[responsable]————————au premier chef locution adverbialede mon propre chef locution adverbiale,de son propre chef etc. locution adverbialeon my/his etc. own authority ou initiative————————en chef locution adjectivalechef d'orchestre nom masculin2. (figuré) [organisateur] organizer, orchestrator -
45 ♦ red
♦ red /rɛd/A a.1 rosso: red cherries, ciliegie rosse; red hair, capelli rossi; red roses, rose rosse; red wine, vino rosso2 (polit.) rosso; comunistaB n.1 [uc] (color) rosso: deep red, rosso scuro; bright red, rosso vivo; Red is my favourite colour, il rosso è il mio colore preferito; She was dressed in red, era vestita di rosso; to wear red, vestire di rosso; the different reds of a sunset, i vari rossi di un tramonto2 [u] rosso; vino rosso; a bottle of red, una bottiglia di vino rosso; Do you prefer red or white?, preferisci del vino rosso o bianco?4 [u] rosso; luce rossa5 (di solito al pl.) rosso; socialista; comunista; (stor.) bolscevico: (iron., antiq.) to see Reds under the bed, vedere comunisti dappertutto; (stor.) the Reds and the Whites, i Rossi e i Bianchi; i bolscevichi e i russi controrivoluzionari ( dopo il 1917)● red alert, allarme rosso □ (zool.) red ant ( Formica rufa), formica rossa □ (stor.) the Red Army, l'Armata Rossa □ the Red Arrows, le «Red Arrows» ( pattuglia acrobatica della Royal Air Force) □ (trasp.) Red Arrow Bus, autobus dalla ferrovia alla zona centrale di Londra □ (polit.) red-baiting, attacchi (o persecuzione) con l'accusa di comunismo □ ( judo) red belt, cintura rossa □ (med.) red-blind, affetto da protanopia; protanope □ (med.) red-blindness, protanopia □ (biol.) red blood cell, globulo rosso □ red-blooded, ( di persona) vigoroso, gagliardo; ( di romanzo, ecc.) emozionante, pieno d'azione □ red book, annuario dei nomi di personaggi di spicco □ red-brick ► redbrick □ (stor.) the Red Brigades, le Brigate Rosse □ ( calcio) red card, cartellino rosso □ to get the red carpet treatment, essere accolto con tutti gli onori □ to roll out the red carpet for sb., accogliere q. con tutti gli onori □ ( USA) red cent, centesimo di dollaro ( un tempo di rame): I don't care a red cent, non me ne importa un fico secco □ (fam.) Red China, la Cina popolare □ the Red Crescent, la Mezzaluna Rossa □ red cross, croce di San Giorgio ( rossa su campo bianco: emblema dell' Inghilterra) □ the Red Cross, la Croce Rossa □ (zool.) red deer ( Cervus elaphus), cervo nobile; cervo europeo □ the Red Devils, (mil.) il reggimento dei paracadutisti inglesi; ( sport) i calciatori del Manchester United □ (naut.) the red ensign, la bandiera rossa ( della marina mercantile britannica) □ ( USA) red eye, (fam.) aereo in volo notturno; ( slang) whisky da strapazzo □ red eyes, occhi rossi □ red-faced, rosso in viso ( per imbarazzo, rabbia, ecc.) □ red flag, bandiera rossa ( segno di pericolo; stendardo della rivoluzione); (fig.) drappo rosso, cosa che mette paura □ the Red Flag, Bandiera Rossa ( l'inno socialista o comunista) □ (astron.) red giant, (stella) gigante rossa □ (zool.) red grouse ( Lagopus scoticus), pernice rossa della Scozia □ (polit., stor.) Red Guard, guardia rossa □ red-haired, dai capelli rossi □ red-handed, con le mani nel sacco; in flagrante: He was caught red-handed, è stato colto in flagrante □ (relig.) red hat, berretta cardinalizia; (fig.) la porpora ( dignità e ufficio di cardinale) □ red-headed, ( di una persona) dai capelli rossi; ( di un uccello, ecc.) dalla testa rossa □ (zool.) red-headed woodpecker, picchio capirosso □ (metall.) red heat, calore rosso □ red herring, aringa affumicata; (fig.) falsa traccia, diversivo; ( USA, fin., = red herring prospectus) manifesto di emissione preliminare □ red-hot, incandescente; (fig.) furibondo; (sost., slang USA) ‘hot dog’: red-hot anger, ira furibonda; ( sport, ecc.) red-hot favourite, superfavorito; red-hot news, notizie freschissime □ (antiq.) Red Indian, pellerossa □ red ink, inchiostro rosso; (fam., banca, fin.) indebitamento: The paper was covered in red ink, la copia era ricoperta di correzioni in rosso; We are drowning in a sea of red ink, siamo sommersi dai debiti □ red-ink, in inchiostro rosso; ( banca, fin.) passivo □ (miner.) red lead, minio □ (miner.) red-lead ore, crocoite □ red-lead paint, vernice al minio; antiruggine □ red-lead undercoat, mano di antiruggine □ red-letter day, ( un tempo) giorno festivo ( dal colore usato nei calendari); (fig.) giorno memorabile □ red light, luce rossa; semaforo rosso: (autom.) when the red light shows, quando il semaforo è rosso; to jump a red light, «bruciare» il rosso □ red-light district, distretto a luci rosse □ ( USA) red-lining, rifiuto di un mutuo o di un contratto assicurativo a persone che vivono in aree degradate o a rischio □ (antiq. o offensivo) red man, pellerossa □ ( pallanuoto) red marker, linea rossa di fondocampo □ red meat, carne rossa (spec. di manzo) □ (zool.) red mullet ( Mullus surmuletus), triglia di scoglio □ (bot.) red oak ( Quercus rubra), quercia rossa □ (miner.) red ochre, ocra rossa □ red pepper, peperone rosso; ( anche) pepe di Caienna □ (bot.) red pine ( Pinus resinosa), pino americano □ ( USA) Red Power Movement, movimento in favore degli indiani d'America □ a red rag ( to a bull), (fig.) una provocazione □ red rear light, fanale posteriore ( di una bici o una moto) □ ( USA) red ribbon, premio dato al secondo classificato □ (autom.) red route, strada con divieto di parcheggio (spec. a Londra) □ the Red Sea, il Mar Rosso □ (polit., USA) red state, Stato a maggioranza repubblicana □ red shift ► redshift □ ( ginnastica) red signal, segnale rosso □ red tail-lights, (autom.) fanali posteriori, fanalini di coda; (aeron.) luci di coda □ red tape, nastro rosso; (fig.) lungaggine burocratica □ red top, quotidiano popolare □ (bot.) red weed, ( Papaver rhoeas) rosolaccio; ( Phytolacca americana) fitolacca □ red worm, lombrico rosso ( usato come esca) □ as red as a beetroot, rosso come un peperone □ ( banca) to be in the red, essere in rosso; avere il conto scoperto □ to become (o to go) red in the face, diventare rosso; arrossire □ ( banca) to go into the red, andare in rosso; andare sotto (fam.) □ ( banca) to get out of the red, tornare in credito □ (fig.) to caught red-handed, essere colto con le mani nel sacco □ (fig.) to see red, vedere rosso, infuriarsi. -
46 надо полагать
Надо полагатьThese changes are believed to be the effect of the degree of constraint in the loading-unloading cycle created by the chip formation process.Presumably the plug was blown through the tube without being consumed by the propellant combustion gases.Since the heat transfer under the film is expected to be different from that under the bubble, the heat transfer coefficient will be the time-averaged coefficient over the movement of one cell.Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > надо полагать
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47 to
to [tu:, tə]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. preposition2. adverb3. compounds━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. preposition━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► When to is the second element in a phrasal verb, eg apply to, set to, look up the verb. When to is part of a set combination, eg nice to, of help to, look up the adjective or noun.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━a. (direction, movement) à━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► to it ( = there) y• I liked the exhibition, I went to it twice j'ai aimé l'exposition, j'y suis allé deux foisb. ( = towards) versc. (home, workplace) chez► to + feminine country/area en• to England/France en Angleterre/France• to Brittany/Provence en Bretagne/Provence• to Sicily/Crete en Sicile/Crète• to Louisiana/Virginia en Louisiane/Virginie━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► en is also used with masculine countries beginning with a vowel.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• to Iran/Israel en Iran/Israël► to + masculine country/area au• to Japan/Kuwait au Japon/Koweït• to the Sahara/Kashmir au Sahara/Cachemire► to + plural country/group of islands aux• to the United States/the West Indies aux États-Unis/Antilles► to + town/island without article à• to London/Lyons à Londres/Lyon• to Cuba/Malta à Cuba/Malte• is this the road to Newcastle? est-ce que c'est la route de Newcastle ?• it is 90km to Paris ( = from here to) nous sommes à 90 km de Paris ; ( = from there to) c'est à 90 km de Paris• planes to Heathrow les vols mpl à destination de Heathrow► to + masculine state/region/county dans• to Texas/Ontario dans le Texas/l'Ontario• to Sussex/Yorkshire dans le Sussex/le Yorkshire━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► dans is also used with many départements.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• to the Drôme/the Var dans la Drôme/le Vare. ( = up to) jusqu'àf. ► to + person (indirect object) à━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► When a relative clause ends with to, a different word order is required in French.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► When translating to + pronoun, look up the pronoun. The translation depends on whether it is stressed or unstressed.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━h. (in ratios) he got a big majority (twenty votes to seven) il a été élu à une large majorité (vingt voix contre sept)i. ( = concerning) that's all there is to it ( = it's easy) ce n'est pas plus difficile que ça• you're not going, and that's all there is to it ( = that's definite) tu n'iras pas, un point c'est toutj. ( = of) de━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► A preposition may be required with the French infinitive, depending on what precedes it: look up the verb or adjective.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► The French verb may take a clause, rather than the infinitive.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• well, to sum up... alors, pour résumer...• we are writing to inform you... nous vous écrivons pour vous informer que...━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► to is not translated when it stands for the infinitive.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• he'd like me to come, but I don't want to il voudrait que je vienne mais je ne veux pas• yes, I'd love to oui, volontiers2. adverb( = shut) to push the door to pousser la porte3. compounds(plural to-dos)• he made a great to-do about lending me the car il a fait toute une histoire pour me prêter la voiture ► to-ing and fro-ing noun allées et venues fpl* * *1. [tə], devant une voyelle [tʊ, tuː], emphatique [tuː]1) ( expressing purpose) pour2) ( linking consecutive acts)he looked up to see... — en levant les yeux, il a vu...
3) ( after superlatives) àthe youngest to do — le or la plus jeune à faire
‘did you go?’ - ‘no I promised not to’ — ‘tu y es allé?’ - ‘non j'avais promis de ne pas le faire’
‘are you staying? ’ - ‘I want to but...’ — ‘tu restes?’ - ‘j'aimerais bien mais...’
it is difficult to do something — il est difficile de faire quelque chose; ( expressing wish)
2.oh to be able to stay in bed! — hum ô pouvoir rester au lit!
1) ( in direction of) à [shops, school]; ( with purpose of visiting) chez [doctor's, dentist's]; ( towards) vers2) ( up to) jusqu'àto the end/this day — jusqu'à la fin/ce jour
3) ( in telling time)4) ( introducing direct or indirect object) [give, offer] àto me/my daughter it's just a minor problem — pour moi/ma fille ce n'est qu'un problème mineur
5) (in toasts, dedications) àto prosperity — à la prospérité; ( on tombstone)
6) ( in accordance with)7) (in relationships, comparisons)8) ( showing accuracy)9) ( showing reason)10) ( belonging to) depersonal assistant to the director — assistant/-e m/f du directeur
11) ( on to) [tied] à; [pinned] à [noticeboard etc]; sur [lapel, dress]12) ( showing reaction) à3. [tuː]to his surprise/dismay — à sa grande surprise/consternation
••that's all there is to it — ( it's easy) c'est aussi simple que ça; ( not for further discussion) un point c'est tout
what a to-do! — (colloq) quelle histoire! (colloq)
what's it to you? — (colloq) qu'est-ce que ça peut te faire?
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48 taxia
f.1 taxis, movement of an organism or cell toward or away from an external stimulus.2 taxis, natural arrangement of a physical system or organism, arrangement, natural arrangement.* * *taxis -
49 meter
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50 citotaxia
f.cytotaxis, movement of a cell toward or away from any sort of stimulus, citotaxia. -
51 fototactismo
m.phototaxis, movement of an organism or cell toward or away from a source of light, phototaxy. -
52 taxis
f. s.&pl.1 taxis, movement of an organism or cell toward or away from an external stimulus.2 taxis, natural arrangement of a physical system or organism.m.pl.taxies. -
53 method
1) метод; способ; средство2) система; порядок3) технология4) методика•- method of applying liquid lubrication - method of calculation - method of column analogy - method of comparison - method of connecting - method of determining bending moments by fixed points - method of directions - method of elastic arch - method of elastic weights - method of electric needles - method of exchange of members - method of firing - method of fixed points - method of images - method of initial parameters - method of joints - method of least squares - method of least work - method of limit equilibrium - method of minimum strain energy - method of moments - method of movement - method of operation - method of payment - method of planning - method of production - method of redundant reactions - method of rotations - method of sections - method of separate joint displacement - method of slopes - method of stowage - method of strain measurement method - method of substitute redundant members - method of successive approximations - method of successive corrections - method of training - method of transportation - method of working - method of zero moment points - methods of network planning and control - ad hoc method - advertising method - aero-projection method - air-permeability method - airslide method - approximation method - arbitrary proportions method - area moment method - artificial islands method - ball method of testing - bench method - bidding methods - brush method of treatment timber - building methods - caisson method - cantilever method of design - cassette method of production of thin-slab structures - central mixing method - centre drift method - centrifuge method - centroidal method of design - change-in-stress method - chemical injection method - closed building method - column analogy method of design - compressed-air method of tunnelling - concrete testing method - cone method - construction works quality control method - core-drill method - correlation method - cut-and-cover method - cut-and-try method - cylinder method - deflection method - design methods - development method - dip method - dipping method of treatment timber - effective method - electrolytic method - emulsified-asphalt penetration method - energy method - equal load increments method - equal strain method - error method - fabrication method - fixing method - float and chains method - flow-line conveyer method - force method - graphical method - heading method of tunnelling - hot-air heating standpipe method - hot penetration method - hydraulic fill method - impact method - kinematic method - lacquer film method - land-assembly methods - lift-slab method - limit equilibrium method - limit stage design method - line production method - loading method - magnaflux method - mechanical method by pumps - membrane method of waterproofing - mixed-in-place method - mock-up methods of design - modular ratio method - moire fringe method - moment area method - moment-distribution method - moment-of-inertia method of designing - mud-jack method - mulch method - near end moment distribution method - neutral-points method - non-destructive testing methods - normal method - packing methods - patented method of construction - penetration method - percussive pneumatic method of riveting - photo-elastic method of stress-determination - photo-elasticity method - pilot method - pilot tunnel method - pin-and-string method - pipe-bridge method - plastic method of design - plastic theory method - polarized light method - portal method of design - pounding method of curing concrete - production line method of construction - qualitative methods - quantitative methods - relaxation method - ring-and-ball method - rolled-on method - safe method of heat insulation - safety methods - sampling method - sand-bearing method of testing clay pipes - sand-island method - scheduling method - seismic method of prospecting - simultaneous construction method - slope deflection method - spatial self-fixation erection method - statistical analysis method - stovepipe pipe-laying method - strain-energy method - successive construction method - surface-coating method of waterproofing - synthetic method of restoration - thixotropic liquid method - tilt-up method - top-heading method - transfiguration method - trial-load method - turnover method - ultimate-strength method - ultrasonic pulse velocity method - void method of proportioning - volume method of concrete mix design - volumetric method - water-jet method of pile-driving - weight method - well-point method of excavation - work method - working stress method of design* * *метод, способ; система; порядок; методика; технология- method of analysis
- method of application
- method of attack
- method of bearing and distances
- method of bipolar coordinates
- method of calculation
- method of design
- method of detail survey
- method of elastic weights
- method of electric needles
- method of expansion into series
- method of fixed points
- method of intersection
- method of joint isolation
- method of least work
- methods of manufacture
- method of minimum strain energy
- method of moment distribution
- method of radiation
- method of redistribution of pressure
- method of sections
- method of steam jet
- methods of structural analysis
- method of successive approximations
- methods of testing
- method of water needles
- accepted method of building
- accepted method of house construction
- accurate method of analysis
- adhesive nail-on method
- admittance method
- advanced methods of concreting
- advance slope method
- aggregate exposure method
- air permeability method
- alternate methods
- American method
- analytical method of determining reactions
- API method of pile design
- approximate method
- approximation method
- area method
- area-moment method
- assembly methods
- Austrian method
- autogenous curing method
- balanced cantilever method
- Belgian method
- Benoto method
- bentonite method
- Billner method
- "bin" method
- boiling water method
- boom placement concreting method
- bricklaying methods
- building method
- building block module method
- cable method of rock stressing
- calculation method
- cantilever method
- Chicago method
- circular-arc method
- Coast-Survey method
- collapse method of structural design
- combined finite strip-finite element method
- compaction methods of clays
- conjugate beam method
- consistency measurement method
- construction methods
- construction and erection methods
- contiguous pile method
- continuous-flight augers method
- continuous-sample method of advance
- convergence method
- critical method
- critical path method
- Cross moment distribution method
- Cross method
- cross-section method
- current design methods
- cut-and-cover method
- dampproofing methods
- displacement method
- displacement method of advance
- dual-rail method
- dummy unit-load method
- dust-spot method
- Dutch cone method
- earth pressure balanced tunneling method
- elastic center method
- elastic weights method
- electric analogy method
- electric resisting method
- energy method
- equal friction method of duct sizing
- equal friction method
- equivalent load method
- erection method
- fast track construction methods
- fatigue test method
- finite difference method
- finite element method
- finite strip method
- flight auger method
- flotation caisson method
- flue loss method
- folded plate method of analysis
- force method
- free cantilever method of construction
- general method of analysis
- Glotzl hydraulic cell method
- Gow method
- Hardy Cross method
- housing appraisal method
- in-duct method
- industrialized methods of construction
- iterative method
- jack method
- jacking method
- lacquer curtain coating method
- laser beam method
- leap-frog method
- limit equilibrium method
- limit state method
- listening methods
- load factor design method
- mandrel method
- mathematical method of design
- matrix method of structural analysis
- maturity method
- measuring method
- mixed-mode method
- mix-in-place method
- modern building methods
- modular ratio method
- moiré fringe method
- moment-balance method
- nondestructive methods of tests
- normal method of quality control
- null method
- numerical method
- one-rail method
- optical square method
- permissible stress method
- phototheodolite method
- plastic methods of structural analysis
- plate count method
- precast concrete manufacturing methods
- pressuremeter method
- proven construction methods
- p-y method of pile design
- rapid test method
- ratio method of balancing
- rebound hammer method
- reference point method
- relaxation method
- reproducible methods
- resistivity method
- resonant-frequency method
- reverberant field method
- Rockwell method of hardness testing
- safe method
- safe working methods
- secant interlocking pile method
- secant pile method
- seismic method of surveying
- seismic reflection method
- seismic refraction method
- semiprobabilistic design method
- shear transfer method
- shock response method of pile testing
- sliding-wedge method
- slope deflection method
- solar radiation method
- sonic method
- special method of quality control
- standard test method
- static regain method of duct sizing
- static regain method
- statistical design method
- step-by-step method
- strength design method
- strength evaluation method
- successive approximations method
- suspended cantilever method
- swamp shooting method
- Tagg method
- tangent modulus method
- test methods
- Theis method
- thixotropic liquid method
- three-point method
- tilt-up method
- time-saving method of construction
- TNO method of analysis
- TNO method of pile testing
- transit and stadia method
- tremie method
- truss analogy method
- turn-of-nut method
- ultrasonic pulse velocity method
- vacuum concrete method of bridge construction
- valveless pulse-jet method
- vane shear method
- velocity reduction method of duct sizing
- velocity reduction method
- vibratory method
- Vickers method of hardness testing
- volume method of measuring aggregates
- warm water method
- water fog spray method
- western bricklaying method
- western method
- working-stress design method -
54 delay
1. n задержка, приостановка2. n откладывание, отсрочка3. n замедление, промедление, проволочка4. n тех. выдержка времени5. n спец. простойavoidable delay — простой, зависящий от рабочего
6. v задерживать7. v отсрочивать, откладывать, переносить8. v медлить; мешкать, задерживатьсяСинонимический ряд:1. lag (noun) hold-up; lag; retardation2. obstacle (noun) obstacle; obtrusion; problem3. pause (noun) adjournment; deferment; deferral; deferring; demurral; extension; moratorium; pause; postponement; respite; suspension4. wait (noun) dawdling; delaying; detainment; hesitation; holdup; loitering; procrastination; stay; tarrying; wait5. bog down (verb) bog down; embog; mire; slacken; slow down; slow up6. dally (verb) dally; dawdle; dilly; dillydally; drag; lag; linger; loiter; mull; poke; procrastinate; remain; tarry; trail7. defer (verb) adjourn; defer; hold off; hold over; intermit; lay over; postpone; prorogue; put off; put over; remit; shelve; stand over; stay; suspend; table; waive8. detain (verb) arrest; bog; clog; decelerate; detain; hamper; hesitate; incommode; stall9. slow (verb) hang up; hold up; retard; set back; slowАнтонимический ряд:accelerate; advance; dispatch; expedite; forward; hasten; hurry; speed -
55 дополнительный
1. accessorial2. auxiliary3. marginal4. repeatдополнительный заказ; повторный заказ — repeat order
5. secondary6. side-line7. specialдовыборы, дополнительные выборы — special election
8. subsidiary9. accessory10. contrast11. supplementary12. add-in13. addedдополнительная, добавленная часть упражнения — added part
14. adjunctly15. adscititious16. anytime more17. complementary18. in addition to those19. more20. optional21. supplemental22. supplementally23. additional; supplementary; extra; in addition; more24. extraСинонимический ряд:добавочный (прил.) добавочный; лишний; прибавочный -
56 walk
A n1 promenade f ; ( shorter) tour m ; ( hike) randonnée f ; country walk promenade dans la campagne ; morning/evening walk promenade du matin/du soir ; long walk longue or grande promenade ; short walk courte or petite promenade ; a 12 km walk une promenade de 12 km ; a hotel five minutes' walk away from the station un hôtel à cinq minutes à pied de la gare ; it's about ten minutes' walk/four hours' walk c'est environ à dix minutes à pied/à quatre heures de marche ; on the walk home en rentrant à pied à la maison ; a walk to/beside the sea une promenade jusqu'à/au bord de la mer ; to go for ou on a walk (aller) faire une promenade, se promener ; I've been out for a walk je suis sorti me promener or faire une promenade ; to have ou take a walk faire une promenade, se promener ; ( shorter) faire un tour ; to take sb for a walk emmener qn faire une promenade or ( shorter) un tour ; to take the dog for a walk promener or sortir le chien ; has the dog had his walk? est-ce qu'on a sorti le chien? ; it's a short walk to the station on est à quelques minutes à pied de la gare ; it's a long walk back to the hotel il y a une longue marche d'ici à l'hôtel ; it seemed a very long walk to the podium l'estrade avait l'air d'être très loin ;3 ( pace) pas m ; he set off at a brisk walk il est parti d'un pas vif ; to slow down to a walk se mettre à marcher (après avoir couru) ;4 ( path) gen, Hort allée f ; ( trail in forest) sentier m ; people from all walks of life des gens de tous les milieux ;6 Equit pas m.B vtr1 ( cover on foot) faire [qch] à pied [distance, path, road] ; parcourir [qch] à pied [district, countryside] ; ( patrol) parcourir ; I can't walk another step je ne peux pas faire un pas de plus ; to walk the streets [tourist] parcourir les rues ; [homeless person] errer dans les rues ; [prostitute] faire le trottoir ; to walk the ramparts/walls [soldier] arpenter les remparts/murs ; shall we take the bus or walk it? on prend le bus ou on y va à pied? ; we walked it in 20 minutes nous l'avons fait à pied en 20 minutes ; to walk it ○ Sport gagner haut la main ;2 (escort on foot, lead) accompagner [friend] ; promener [tourist] ; conduire [horse, mule etc] ; promener [dog] ; I walked her home je l'ai accompagnée chez elle ; the guide walked us all over Bonn le guide nous a promenés dans tout Bonn ; the guards walked him back to his cell les gardiens l'ont reconduit à sa cellule.C vi1 ( in general) marcher ; ( for pleasure) se promener ; ( not run) aller au pas ; ( not ride or drive) aller à pied ; the baby's learning to walk le bébé apprend à marcher ; you should be walking again soon vous devriez recommencer à marcher bientôt ; he'll never walk again il ne pourra plus jamais marcher ; to walk with a stick marcher avec une canne ; to walk with a limp/a swing boiter/se dandiner en marchant ; don't run, walk! ne cours pas, marche! ; ‘walk’ US ( at traffic lights) ≈ traversez ; it's not very far, let's walk ce n'est pas très loin, allons-y à pied ; we walked all day nous avons marché toute la journée ; we've missed the bus, we'll have to walk nous avons manqué le bus, il va falloir marcher ; we go on holiday to walk nous allons en vacances pour faire de la marche ; to walk across ou through sth traverser qch (à pied) ( see note) ; she walked across the room elle a traversé la pièce ; she walked across France elle a traversé la France à pied ; a policeman walked by un policier est passé ; he walked up/down the road il a remonté/descendu la rue (à pied) ( see note) ; we've been walking round in circles for hours nous tournons en rond depuis des heures ; someone was walking around ou about upstairs quelqu'un allait et venait à l'étage ; there's no lift, you'll have to walk up il n'y a pas d'ascenseur, tu devras monter à pied ; I'd just walked in at the door when… je venais à peine de passer la porte, quand… ; suddenly in walked my father soudain voilà que mon père est entré ; to walk in one's sleep ( habitually) être somnambule ; he was walking in his sleep il marchait en dormant ; she walks to work/home elle se rend à son travail/rentre chez elle à pied ; we walked all the way back nous avons fait tout le chemin du retour à pied ; to walk up and down faire les cent pas ; to walk up and down a room arpenter une pièce ; shall I walk with you to the bus? veux-tu que je t'accompagne au bus? ; I'll walk some of the way with you je vais faire un bout de chemin avec toi ; he walked under a bus il est passé sous un bus ; the ghost walks at midnight le fantôme apparaît à minuit ;take a walk ○ ! US dégage ○ ! ; that was a walk ○ ! US c'était simple comme bonjour ○ ! ; you must walk before you can run il ne faut pas brûler les étapes ; to walk sb off their feet mettre qn sur les rotules ○. à pied is often omitted with movement verbs if we already know that the person is on foot. If it is surprising or ambiguous, à pied should be included.■ walk across: traverser ; to walk across to sth/sb s'approcher de qch/qn ;▶ walk across [sth] traverser.■ walk around:▶ walk around lit se promener ; ( aimlessly) traîner ; you can't walk around in the rain without an umbrella tu ne peux pas traîner sous la pluie sans parapluie ;▶ walk around [sth] ( to and fro) faire un tour dans [city, streets, garden] ; ( make circuit of) faire le tour de [building, space] ; he walked around the lake il a fait le tour du lac (à pied) ; we walked around Paris for hours nous nous sommes promenés dans Paris pendant des heures.1 lit s'éloigner (from de) ;2 fig ( avoid involvement) to walk away from a problem/one's responsibilities fuir un problème/ses responsabilités ;3 fig ( survive unscathed) sortir indemne (from de) ; she walked away from the accident elle est sortie indemne de l'accident ;4 to walk away with ( win easily) gagner [qch] haut la main [game, tournament] ; remporter [qch] haut la main [election] ; ( carry off) décrocher [prize, honour] ; ⇒ walk off 2 ;■ walk back revenir sur ses pas (to jusqu'à) ; we walked back (home) nous sommes rentrés à pied.■ walk in entrer ; he simply walked in as if he owned the place il est carrément entré comme s'il était chez lui ; who should walk in but my husband! devine qui est arrivé?-mon mari! ; ‘please walk in’ ( sign) ‘entrez sans frapper’.■ walk into:▶ walk into [sth]1 ( enter) entrer dans [room, house] ; she walked into that job fig ( acquired easily) elle a eu ce poste sans lever le petit doigt ;2 ( become entangled in) tomber dans [trap, ambush] ; se fourrer dans [tricky situation] ; you walked right into that one ○ ! tu es tombé dans le panneau ○ ! ;3 ( bump into) rentrer dans [wall, door, person].■ walk off:▶ walk off1 lit partir brusquement ;▶ walk off [sth], walk [sth] off se promener pour faire passer [headache, hangover, large meal] ; she walked off eight pounds elle a perdu 4 kilos en faisant de la marche.■ walk on1 ( continue) continuer à marcher ;2 Theat être figurant.■ walk out1 lit sortir (of de) ;2 fig ( desert) [lover, partner, servant, collaborator] partir ; to walk out on laisser tomber ○ [lover, partner] ; rompre [contract, undertaking] ;3 ( as protest) [negotiator, committee member] partir en signe de protestation ; ( on strike) [workers] se mettre en grève ; they walked out of the meeting ils ont quitté la réunion en signe de protestation ;■ walk over:▶ walk over ( a few steps) s'approcher (to de) ; ( a short walk) faire un saut ○ (to à) ; he walked over to her/the window il s'est approché d'elle/de la fenêtre ; he walked over to see her/to the farm il a fait un saut pour la voir/à la ferme ;▶ walk over [sb] ○2 ( humiliate) marcher sur les pieds de ; he'll walk all over you if you let him il te marchera sur les pieds si tu le laisses faire ; he lets her walk all over him elle le mène par le bout du nez.■ walk round:▶ walk round faire le tour ; no-one answered so I walked round to the garden personne n'a répondu alors je suis passé par le jardin ;▶ walk round [sth] ( round edge of) faire le tour de [lake, stadium, garden, building] ; ( through) visiter [exhibition, historic building].■ walk through:▶ walk through lit traverser ;▶ walk through [sth]1 lit traverser [town, field, forest] ; passer [door, gate] ; marcher dans [deep snow, mud, grass] ;2 Theat répéter les déplacements de [scene, act] ; to walk sb through a scene faire répéter les déplacements d'une scène à qn.■ walk up1 to walk up to s'approcher de [person, building, object] ;2 (in market, fairground) s'approcher ; walk up, walk up! approchez, approchez! -
57 соединение
connection
- (передаточная связь) — coupling
- (сопряжение систем для совместной работы) — interface. tracker-computer interface.
vertical reference - star tracker interface.
- (стык) (рис. 16) — joint
- (химическое) — compound
- (электрическое) — (electrical) connection
- (эп. цепей, временное) — patching
connecting two circuits together temporary by means of a patch cord.
-, болтовое — bolted joint
-, болтовое технологическое (перед клепкой) — service bolting
для предотвращения взаимного смещения двух склепываемых листов при установке большого числа заклепок. болты вставляются временно с интервалом через нескопько отверстий под заклепки, — то prevent relative movement between the plates when closing а long line of rivets, the plates should be service bolted, i.e., temporary held together with bolts, spaced one in every (fourth) hole.
- быстроразъемное — quick-release connection, quick disconnect coupling
- валов —@aft coupling
- внахлестку (заклепочное или сварное) (рис. 156) — lap joint
- встречно-последовательное — opposing-series connection
- встык — butt joint
- встык с двусторонней накладкой (рис. 156) — double strap butt joint
- встык с односторонней накладкой (заклепочное или сварное) (рис. 156) — single strap butt joint. where one flush surface and greater strength is required the single strap joint is used.
- в (на) ус (рис. 16) — bias joint
-, герметичное — sealed joint
-, гибкое — flexible coupling
- гидравлическое, шарнирное — swivel coupling
-, дюритовое — hose coupling
гибкое соединение трубопроводов с помощью дюритовогo шланга и затяжных хомутов. — used to couple two pipes with а piece of hose.
-, дюритовое (шланг в сборе) — hose assembly
-, дюритовое (для гидропроводки) — hydraulic hose assembly
-, заклепочное (рис. 156) — riveted joint
- (электрических обмоток) "звездой" — wye connection, y-connection а y-shaped winding connection.
- "звездой", трехфазное (без заземления нулевой точки) — three phase wye connection (ungrounded)
- "звездой", трехфазное,c заземлением нулевой точки) — (с three phase wye connection (grounded)
- "звездой", трехфазное, с силовым выводом нулевой точки — three-phase wye connection (with neutral point output)
-, карданное — universal joint
- (контакт) кислорода с маcлом — oxygen contact with oil
соединение кислорода (под давлением) с маслом - взрывоопасно. — an explosion will result if oxygen (under pressure) comes in contact with oil.
-, клеевое — bonded joint
- крыла с фюзеляжем — wing-to-fuselage joint
-, легкоразъемное — quick-release coupling
-, легкоразъемное штепсельнoe — quick-disconnect connector
-, межэлементное (мэс) (аккумулятора) — inter-cell connector
-, межщеточное (эп. машины) — brush connector
- на корпус объекта (электрическое на конструкцию ла) — connection to aircraft structure
-, неподвижное — fixed joint
-, неразъемное (деталей, входящих в узел) — permanent joint
- обжимом жилы провода в наконечнике — crimped-core joint. а permanent crimped mechanical joint between а cable core and a lug or ferrule.
-, параппепьное (эп.) — parallel connection
присоединение двух или болee элементов схемы на одну и ту же пару клемм. — connection of two or more parts of а circuit to the same pair of terminals.
-, парное — pairing
each gs channel is paired with a localizer channel.
-, парное (эл. проводки) — soldered terminal connection
-, поворотное (трубопроводов) — swivel coupling
-, поворотное (коромысла тележки шасси) — (bogie beam) swivel joint
-, подвижное шлицевое — splined slip joint
-, последовательное (эл.) — series connection
соединение элементов цепи один за другим. — а way of making connections so as to form a series circuit.
-, разъемное (деталей, входящих в узел) — detachable joint
- раструбом, раструбное (трубопровода) — bell-and-spigot joint, spigotand-socket joint
-, резьбовое — threaded joint
-, сварное — welded joint
- сетей (бортовых электрических систем) — systems tie
- (эл.) сетей (при запуске bсу) — electrical systems tie (when starting the apu)
- сильфонного типа — bellows connection
- системы астрокорректора и вычислительного устройства — star- tracker-computer interface. the computer commands and controls the star-tracker system, and the star tracker, in return, sends signals to the computer.
- системы гировертикали и астрокорректора (для совместной работы) — vertical reference-star tracker interface
-, скользящее — slip joint
-, ступенчатое (заклепочное или сварное) — lap joint
-, стыковое — butt joint
- сфера по конусу (трубопровода) — ball-and-socket joint
-, телескопическое — telescopic joint
- типа "ласточкин хвост" — dovetail joint
- (эл. обмоток) треугольником — delta connection
- трубопроводов — pipe coupling
- трубопроводов, поворотное — swivel pipe coupling
- трубопроводов, шарнирное — swivel pipe coupling
-, фланцевое — flanged joint
-, шарнирное — hinged joint
- шарнирное, гидравлическое (гидрошарнир) — swivel coupling
-, шаровое ("бутылочка") — ball-and-socket joint
-, шаровое (патрубков) — ball joint
-, шпицевое (с валом) — spline-coupling (to shaft)
-, штепсельное — plug connection
-, шомпольное (навеска) — piano-wire hingeРусско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > соединение
-
58 ток
current
движение элеронов по проводнику. измеряется в амперах и обозначается буквой i. — the movement of electrons through а conductor. measured in amperes,and ist symbol is i.
- (нагрузка) — load
- автостабилизации — autostabilization current
-, большой — high current
-, вихревой — eddy current(s)
also called foucault currents, inducted in body.
- включения (реле) — (relay) pickup current
- выключения (реле) — (relay) dropout /tripping/ current
- высокого напряжения (в оборудовании) — high-voltage current
- высокого напряжения (в системе зажигания) — high-tension (нт) current
- высокой частоты — high-frequency (hf) current
- датчиха момента акселерометра — torque current. a torque current being а measure of the restoring torque.
-, двухфазный — two-phase current
-, зарядный (аккумулятора) — (battery) charge current
monitor dc ammeter for normal charge current on battery.
-, малый (слабый) — low current
- нагрузки — load current
- нагрузки (разрядки) аккумулятора, элемента — (battery) drain. current supplied by a battery or cell.
-, обратный — reverse current
-, отпускания (реле) — dropout current
- отрыва (реле,прерывателя) — dropout current
-, переменный — alternating current (ас), (ac)
электрический ток, периодически изменяющийся по силе и направлению, т.е. достигающий макс. значения в одном направлении, затем падающий до нуля, и снова достигающий макс. значения, но в противоположном направлении. — а flow of electricity which reaches maximum in one direetion, decreases to zero, then reverses itself and reaches maximum in the opposite direction. the cycle is repeated continuously.
-, постоянный — direct current (do),(dc)
эл. ток, не изменяющийся ни по силе, ни по направлению. — an essentially constant-value current that flows in only one direction.
-, потребляемый — current drawn /consumed/
-, потребляемый (параметр в технических данных, таблице) — current, current requirements
-, потребляемый к-л. нагрузкой — current drawn /consumed, taken/ by а load
- потребляемый от источника питания — current drawn (consumed, taken from power source, power source drain
-, пусковой — starting current
-, рабочий — operating current
-, разрядный (акк.) — discharge current, drain
- расходуемый источником питания — power source drain
-, световой — light-inducted current
ток, возникающий в датчике под воздействием светового потока.
- срабатывания реле — relay operating current
- срабатывания реле (в отличие от тока отпускания) — relay pickup current
-, трехфазный — three-phase current
ток, поступающий по трем проводникам, каждый являющийся обратным проводом для двух других. — а current delivered through three wires - each wire serving as the return for the other two.
-, трогания — pickup current
ток, вызывающий срабатывание электромагнитных устройств. — the current at which a magnetically-operated device starts to operate.
- удержания (реле) — holding current
sufficient current in the relay winding to keep the relay energized.
- утечки — leakage current
-, электрический — electric current
магнитные поля, создаваемые электротоком. агрегат переменного (постаянного) тока (напр., генератор) — magnetic fields created by electric currents. ас (dc) unit, ас (dc) generator
измеритель тока (нагрузки) — loadmeter
под т. — energized
не отсоединять проводки, если цепь находится под током (напряжением) — do not disconnect wiring when the system is energized.
под током (напряжением) — alive
генератор под током, напряжением. — generator is alive.
включать т. — switch on current
при включении тока автостабилизации, якорь соленоида вызывает срабатывание клапана. — а solenoid, when the autostabilization current is switched on, pushes the central armature against a valve.
держать под т. — energize, keep energized
do not energize the solenoid for more than 10 sec.
работать на переменном (постоянном) т. — be ас (dc) powered
работать на переменном т. частотой... гц и напряжением...вольт — operate at а supply of... hz,... volts ас, be powered by... hz, volt ас
работать на постоянном т. напряжением... вольт — operate at а supply of... volts dc, be powered by... volt dcРусско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > ток
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Cell biology — Not to be confused with Cell (biology). Cell research redirects here. For the journal, see Cell Research (journal) … Wikipedia
Movement proteins — TMV MP30 localizes to plasmodesmata when fused to GFP. This image was captured using confocal laser scanning microscopy Successful infection of a plant by a plant virus depends on its ability to move from the cell initially infected to… … Wikipedia
Cell — The basic structural and functional unit in people and all living things. Each cell is a small container of chemicals and water wrapped in a membrane. Each cell in the human body there are 100 trillion cells in each of us contains the entire… … Medical dictionary