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macies+v

  • 1 macies

    măcĭes, ēi, f. [maceo], leanness, thinness, meagreness (class.).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Of living beings and the parts of their bodies:

    profectus est (ad bellum) Hirtius consul: at quā imbecillitate? quā macie?

    Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 12; id. Agr. 2, 34, 93:

    hoc maciem facit,

    Plin. 30, 7, 20, § 60:

    reducere ad maciem,

    id. 24, 8, 30, § 46: equi macie corrupti, * Caes. B. C. 3, 58:

    corpus macie extabuit, Cic. poët. Tusc. 3, 12, 26: turpis macies decentes Occupet malas,

    Hor. C. 3, 27, 53: tenet ora profanae Foeda situ macies, Luc. 6, 515:

    macies aegri veteris,

    Juv. 9, 16; 15, 101.—
    B.
    Of inanim, things:

    macies soli,

    poorness, barrenness, Col. 1, 4, 3:

    lapidosa aurosi pulveris,

    Pall. 1, 5, 1:

    jejuna corticis,

    id. Mart. 10, 21; so,

    corticis,

    Plin. 17, 27, 42, § 252:

    seges macie deficit,

    Ov. F. 1, 689.—
    II.
    Transf., of water, diminution:

    aquarum, e. g. at the ebb,

    Sol. 23.—
    * III.
    Trop., meagreness, poverty of language, Tac. Or. 21, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > macies

  • 2 māciēs

        māciēs —, abl. maciē, f    [2 MAC-], leanness, thinness, meagreness, atrophy: homo grandi macie torridus: sedet in corpore toto, O.: conrupti equi macie, Cs.: macies Occupet malas, H.: macie tenuant armenta, i. e. privation of food, V.: macies aegri veteris, Iu.—Of the soil: (seges) neque deficiat macie, O.—Of language, poverty, Ta.
    * * *
    leanness, meagerness; poverty

    Latin-English dictionary > māciēs

  • 3 macies

    thiness, gauntness / poverty barrenness

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > macies

  • 4 ad-dūcō

        ad-dūcō dūxī, ductus, ere    （imper. adduce for adduc, T.—Perf. addūxtī for addūxistī, T.), to lead to, bring to, bring along (usu. of persons; cf. adfero, of things): quos Maecenas adduxerat umbras, brought along, H.: eos ad me domum adduxit <*> Iugurtham vinctum Romam, S.: in iudicium.— Poet.: dextris adducor litora remis, reach, O.— Rarely of things: aquam adduxi, brought into the city: carmen ad umbilicum, to finish, H.: sedulitas adducit febrīs, brings on, H.: Dicas adductum propius frondere Tarentum, the woods of Tarentum brought nearer (Rome), H. — Esp., to bring by drawing, draw, pull, stretch: tormenta quo sunt adducta vehementius: adducto arcu, V.: funes, Cs.: adductis lacertis, bent (in rowing), V.: colla parvis lacertis, to embrace, O.—Hence, fig.: habenas amicitiae, to tighten.—Of the skin, to draw up, wrinkle, contract: adducit cutem macies, wrinkles the skin, O.; cf. sitis miseros adduxerat artūs, V.—Fig., to bring to, bring into, bring under: ad suam auctoritatem: rem in extremum discrimen: me in necessitatem, L. — To bring, lead, prompt, move, induce, prevail upon, persuade, incite: te ad facinus: me in summam exspectationem: in spem, S.: ad suscipiendum bellum, Cs.: ad credendum, N.: adduci, ut capite operto sit: hoc nondum adducor ut faciam: quibus rebus adductus ad causam accesserim demonstravi: necessitate adductus, Cs.: adducti iudices sunt... potuisse, etc., were led to believe that, etc.

    Latin-English dictionary > ad-dūcō

  • 5 superus

        superus adj.    [super].— Posit, that is above, upper, higher: ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse: spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium: Omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes, V.: deorum domus, O.: mare, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea): superas evadere ad auras, i. e. of the upper world, V.: aurae, O.— Plur m. as subst. (with gen plur. superūm, V., O.), they who are above (opp. inferi): multum fleti ad superos, i. e. the living, V.—Esp., the gods above, celestial deities: Quae superi manesque dabant, V.: Pro superi, O.: Contemptrix superum, O.: superis deorum Gratus et imis, H.— Plur n. as subst, the heavenly bodies, celestial things: lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet.— Higher places (sc. loca): supera semper petunt, tend upwards: supera ardua linquens, the upper world, V.—Comp. superior, n us, gen. ōris, of place, higher, upper: superiorem partem collis castris compleverant, Cs.: tota domus vacat superior, the upper part of: labrum superius, the upper lip, Cs.: de loco superiore dicere, i. e. from the tribunal: causam cum agam de loco superiore, i. e. from the rostra: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos, i. e. in formal discourses and in conversation: ex loco superiore proeliabantur, from an eminence, Cs.: ex superiore et ex inferiore scripturā docendum, what is written above and below, i. e. the context: posteriori superius non iungitur. — Plur n. as subst: superiora muri, the upper parts (opp. ima), Cu.—Of time or order, former, past, previous, preceding: superiores solis defectiones: superioribus diebus, Cs.: in superiore vitā: pars legis: superius facinus novo scelere vincere: superioris more crudelitatis uti, N.: nuptiae, former marriage: vir, first husband.—Of age, older, elder, senior, more advanced, former: omnis iuventus omnesque superioris aetatis, Cs.: superior Africanus, the Elder.—Plur. m. as subst, elders, older men: superiorum aetas.—Fig., in a contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior: hostīs equitatu superiores esse intellegebat, Cs.: se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum: semper discessit superior, N.: superiorem Appium in causā fecit, L.—Of quality or condition, higher, more distinguished, greater, better, superior: ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitiā: premendoque superiorem sese extollebat, L.: pecuniis: honoris gradu.—Sup. suprēmus, highest, loftiest, topmost (poet.; cf. summus).—Partit.: clamore supremos Inplerunt montīs, the mountain-tops, V.: supremo In monte, on the summit, H.—Fig., of time or order, last, latest, extreme, final: Supremo te sole domi manebo, at sunset, H.: in te suprema salus, last hope, V.: Supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the finishing hand, O.—Of rank or degree, highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme, extreme: supreme Iuppiter, T.: macies, V.— The last of life, last, closing, dying, final: supremo vitae die: amplissime supremo suo die efferri: nec... Supremā citius die, i. e. not until death, H.: supplicium, i. e. the penalty of death: iter, H.: lumen, V.: sociam tori vocat ore supremo, with dying breath, O.: honor, i. e. the funeral rites, V.: tori, i. e. biers, O.: Troiae sorte supremā, V.—As subst n.: Ventum ad supremum est, to the last moment, V.: suprema ferre, i. e. the funeral offerings, V.
    * * *
    I
    supera -um, superior -or -us, supremus -a -um ADJ
    above, high; higher, upper, of this world; greatest, last, highest
    II
    gods (pl.) on high, celestial deities; those above

    Latin-English dictionary > superus

  • 6 adduco

    ad-dūco, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. (adduce for adduc, Plaut. Poen. 1, 3, 15; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 29; Afr. ap. Non. 174, 32:

    adduxti for adduxisti,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 15; id. Eun. 4, 7, 24:

    adduxe = adduxisse,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 3), to lead to, to bring or convey to, draw to any place or to one's self (opp. abduco, q. v.; syn.: adfero, apporto, adveho, induco).
    I.
    Lit.:

    quaeso, quī possim animum bonum habere, qui te ad me adducam domum,

    Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 78:

    ille alter venit, quem secum adduxit Parmenio,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 27; Afr. ap. Non. 174, 32: quos secum Mitylenis Cratippus adduxit, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 5:

    Demetrius Epimachum secum adduxit,

    Vitr. 10, 22, 262.—With ad:

    ad lenam,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 65; cf. id. Mil. 3, 1, 193: ad cenam, Lucil. ap. Non. 159, 25 (cf.:

    abduxi ad cenam,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2 [p. 32] 9):

    adduxit ea ad Adam,

    Vulg. Gen. 2, 19; ib. Marc. 14, 53.—Or with a local adv.:

    tu istos adduce intro,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 54:

    quia te adducturam huc dixeras eumpse non eampse,

    id. Truc. 1, 2, 31; so Ter. And. 5, 3, 29:

    adduc huc filium tuum,

    Vulg. Luc. 9, 41. —
    2.
    In gen., without regard to the access. idea of accompanying, to lead or bring a person or thing to a place, to take or conduct from one place to another (of living beings which have the power of motion, while affero is properly used of things: attuli hunc. Pseud. Quid? attulisti? Ca. Adduxi volui dicere, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 21).—So of conducting an army:

    exercitum,

    Cic. Att. 7, 9:

    aquam,

    to lead to, id. Cael. 14.—With in:

    gentes feras in Italiam,

    Cic. Att. 8, 11, 2; cf. Oud. ad Caes. B. G. 4, 22, and Auct. B. G. 8, 35:

    in judicium adductus,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 10, 28:

    adducta res in judicium est,

    id. Off. 3, 16, 67; so id. Clu. 17.—With dat.:

    puero nutricem adducit,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 4:

    qui ex Gallia pueros venales isti adducebat,

    Cic. Quint. 6.— Poet. with acc.:

    Diae telluris ad oras applicor et dextris adducor litora remis,

    Ov. M. 3, 598 (cf. advertor oras Scythicas, id. ib. 5, 649, and Rudd. II. p. 327):

    adducere ad populum, i. e. in judicium populi vocare,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 6.—Of a courtesan, to procure:

    puero scorta,

    Nep. Dion, 5:

    paelicem,

    Ov. Fast. 3, 483.— Poet. also of a place, which is, as it were, brought near. Thus Hor. in describing the attractions of his Sabine farm: dicas adductum propius frondere Tarentum, Ep. 1, 16, 11.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    To bring a thing to a destined place by drawing or pulling, to draw or pull to one's self:

    tormenta eo graviores emissiones habent, quo sunt contenta atque adducta vehementius,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 24:

    adducto arcu,

    Verg. A. 5, 507; so,

    adducta sagitta,

    id. ib. 9, 632:

    utque volat moles, adducto concita nervo,

    Ov. M. 8, 357:

    adducta funibus arbor corruit,

    id. ib. 775:

    funem,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 14: so Luc. 3, 700:

    colla parvis lacertis,

    Ov. M. 6, 625:

    equos,

    id. Fast. 6, 586.—Hence trop.:

    habenas amicitiae,

    to tighten, Cic. Lael. 13, 45; cf. Verg. A. 9, 632, and 1, 63.—
    2.
    Of the skin or a part of the body, to draw up, wrinkle, contract:

    adducit cutem macies,

    wrinkles the skin, Ov. M. 3, 397:

    sitis miseros adduxerat artus,

    Verg. G. 3, 483; so, frontem (opp. remittere), to contract:

    interrogavit, quae causa frontis tam adductae?

    a brow so clouded? Quint. 10, 3, 13; so Sen. Benef. 1, 1.
    II.
    Fig.
    A.
    To bring a person or thing into a certain condition; with ad or in:

    numquam animum quaesti gratiā ad malas adducam partīs,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 38:

    rem adduci ad interregnum,

    Cic. Att. 7, 9:

    ad arbitrium alterius,

    id. Fam. 5, 20:

    ad suam auctoritatem,

    id. Deiot. 10, 29:

    numquam prius discessit, quam ad finem sermo esset adductus,

    Nep. Ep. 3:

    iambos ad umbilicum adducere,

    Hor. Epod. 14, 8:

    in discrimen extremum,

    Cic. Phil. 6, 7; cf. Liv. 45, 8:

    in summas angustias,

    Cic. Quint. 5:

    in invidiam falso crimine,

    id. Off. 3, 20:

    in necessitatem,

    Liv. 8, 7:

    vitam in extremum,

    Tac. A. 14, 61.—
    B.
    To bring or lead one to a certain act, feeling, or opinion; to prompt, induce, prevail upon, persuade, move, incite to it; with ad, in, or ut (very freq. and class., and for the most part in a good sense; while seducere and inducere denote instigating or seducing to something bad, Herz. Caes. B. G. 1, 3;

    although there are exceptions, as the foll. examples show): ad misericordiam,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 42:

    ad nequitiem,

    id. Ad. 3, 3, 4:

    ad iracundiam, ad fletum,

    Cic. Brut. 93, 322:

    quae causa ad facinus adduxit,

    id. Rosc. Am. 31:

    in metum,

    id. Mur. 24:

    in summam exspectationem,

    id. Tusc. 1, 17:

    in spem,

    id. Att. 2, 22:

    in opinionem,

    id. Fam. 1, 1:

    in suspicionem alicui,

    Nep. Hann. 7:

    ad paenitentiam,

    Vulg. Rom. 2, 4; ib. 10, 19.—With gerund:

    ad suspicandum,

    Cic. Pr. Cons. 16:

    ad credendum,

    Nep. Con. 3.—With ut:

    adductus sum officio, fide, misericordia, etc., ut onus hoc laboris mihi suscipiendum putarem,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 2:

    nullo imbre, nullo frigore adduci, ut capite operto sit,

    id. de Sen. 10: id. Cat. 1, 2; id. Fam. 3, 9; 6, 10, etc.; Caes. B. G. 6, 12; Liv. 4, 49 al.—And absol. in pass.:

    quibus rebus adductus ad causam accesserim demonstravi,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 3:

    his rebus adducti,

    being induced, Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 6, 10.—With quin:

    adduci nequeo quin existimem,

    Suet. Tib. 21.—With inf.: facilius adducor ferre humana humanitus, Afr. ap. Non. 514, 20.—
    C.
    Adducor with inf., or with ut and subj. = adducor ad credendum, peithomai, to be induced to believe:

    ego non adducor, quemquam bonum ullam salutem putare mihi tanti fuisse,

    Cic. Att. 11, 16:

    ut jam videar adduci, hanc quoque, quae te procrearit, esse patriam,

    id. Leg. 2, 3:

    illud adduci vix possum, ut... videantur,

    id. Fin. 1, 5, 14; id. ib. 4, 20, 55; Lucr. 5, 1341.—Hence, adductus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Drawn tight, stretched, strained, contracted. — Trop.:

    vultus,

    Suet. Tib. 68:

    frons in supercilia adductior,

    Capitol. Ver. 10; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 16.—Hence,
    B.
    Of place, narrow, contracted, strait:

    (Africa) ex spatio paulatim adductior,

    Mel. 1, 4.—
    C.
    Of character, strict, serious, severe:

    modo familiaritate juvenili Nero et rursus adductus, quasi seria consociaret,

    Tac. A. 14, 4:

    adductum et quasi virile servitium,

    id. ib. 12, 7:

    vis pressior et adductior,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 16.— Sup. not used.— Adv. only in comp. adductĭus,
    1.
    More tightly:

    adductius contorquere jacula,

    Aus. Grat. Act. 27.—
    2.
    Trop., more strictly:

    imperitare,

    Tac. H. 3, 7:

    regnari,

    id. Germ. 43.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adduco

  • 7 articulus

    I.
    A.. Lit.:

    nodi corporum, qui vocantur articuli,

    Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 217:

    hominis digiti articulos habent ternos, pollex binos,

    id. 11, 43, 99, § 244:

    summus caudae articulus,

    id. 8, 41, 63, § 153 al.:

    crura sine nodis articulisque,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 27:

    ipso in articulo, quo jungitur capiti cervix,

    Liv. 27, 49:

    auxerat articulos macies,

    i. e. had made more joints, had made the bones visible, Ov. M. 8, 807:

    articulorum dolores habere,

    i. e. gouty pains, Cic. Att. 1, 5 fin.; cf. Cels. 5, 18: postquam illi justa cheragra Contudit articulos, * Hor. S. 2, 7, 16; cf. Pers. 5, 58:

    gladiatorem vehementis impetus excipit adversarii mollis articulus,

    Quint. 2, 12, 2.—Hence, molli articulo tractare aliquem, to touch one gently, softly, Quint. 11, 2, 70.—Of plants:

    ineunte vere in iis (vitibus), quae relicta sunt, exsistit, tamquam ad articulos sarmentorum, ea quae gemma dicitur,

    Cic. Sen. 15, 53; Plin. 16, 24, 36, § 88:

    ante quam seges in articulum eat,

    Col. 2, 11, 9; so Plin. 18, 17, 45, § 159. —Of mountains, a hill connecting several larger mountains:

    montium articuli,

    Plin. 37, 13, 77, § 201.—
    B.
    With an extension of the idea, a limb, member, in gen. (cf. 2. artus), * Lucr. 3, 697.—Hence also for a finger, Prop. 2, 34, 80; so Ov. H. 10, 140; id. P. 2, 3, 18:

    quot manus atteruntur, ut unus niteat articulus!

    Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 158:

    ab eo missus est articulus manūs,

    Vulg. Dan. 5, 24:

    aspiciebat articulos manūs,

    ib. ib. 5, 5: erexit me super articulos manuum mearum, on the fingers or palms of my hands, ib. ib. 10, 10. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of discourse, a member, part, division: articulus dicitur, cum singula verba intervallis distinguuntur caesā oratione, hoc modo: acrimoniā, voce, vultu adversarios perterruisti, Auct. ad Her. 4, 19: continuatio verborum soluta multo est aptior atque jucundior, si est articulis membrisque (kommasi kai kôlois) distincta, quam si continuata ac producta, Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 186: (genus orationis) fluctuans et dissolutum eo quod sine nervis et articulis fluctuat huc et illuc, Auct. ad Her. 4, 11.—

    Hence,

    a short clause, Dig. 36, 1, 27;

    also,

    a single word, ib. 35, 1, 4:

    articulus Est praesentis temporis demonstrationem continet,

    ib. 34, 2, 35:

    hoc articulo Quisque omnes significantur,

    ib. 28, 5, 29.—In gram. the pronn. hic and quis, Varr. L. L. 8, § 45 Müll.; the article, Quint. 1, 4, 19.—
    B.
    Of time.
    1.
    A point of time, a moment:

    commoditatis omnes articulos scio,

    Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 31.—With tempus:

    qui hunc in summas angustias adductum putaret, ut eum suis conditionibus in ipso articulo temporis astringeret,

    at the most critical moment, Cic. Quinct. 5, 19:

    in ipsis quos dixi temporum articulis,

    Plin. 2, 97, 99, § 216: si de singulis articulis [p. 168] temporum deliberabimus, August. ap. Suet. Claud. 4;

    also without tempus: in ipso articulo,

    at the fit moment, at the nick of time, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 21.—With dies:

    in articulo diei illius ingressus est,

    on that very day, Vulg. Gen. 7, 13.—And with res:

    in articulo rerum,

    Curt. 3, 5; also in articulo, instantly, immediately, = statim, Cod. Just. 1, 33, 3.—Hence with the idea extended,
    2.
    A space, division of time:

    hi cardines singulis articulis dividuntur,

    Plin. 18, 25, 59, § 222:

    octo articuli lunae,

    id. 18, 35, 79, § 350: articulus austrinus, i. e. in which auster blows, id. 17, 2, 2, § 11.—
    C.
    Of other abstract things, part, division, point: per eosdem articulos (i.e. per easdem honorum partes) et gradus producere, August. ap. Suet. Claud. 4:

    stationes in mediis latitudinum articulis, quae vocant ecliptica,

    Plin. 2, 15, 13, § 68; Dig. 1, 3, 12:

    ventum est ergo ad ipsum articulum causae, i. e. ventum ad rei cardinem,

    the turning-point, Arn. 7, p. 243.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > articulus

  • 8 deformo

    1.
    dē-formo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to bring into form or shape; to form, fashion; to design, delineate, describe (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    areas,

    Cato R. R. 161; Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 10:

    marmora prima manu,

    Quint. 5, 11, 30:

    non flosculos sed certos ac deformatos fructus ostenderat,

    full-formed, perfect, id. 6 prooem. §

    9: tragicae (scenae) deformantur columnis et fastigiis et signis,

    are delineated, represented, Vitr. 5, 8; cf.:

    operis speciem exemplaribus pictis,

    to represent in outline, to sketch, id. 1, 1.—
    II.
    Trop.:

    quae ita a fortuna deformata sunt, ut tamen a natura inchoata compareant,

    Cic. Sull. 26, 73; cf. Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 11:

    ille, quem supra deformavi,

    have depicted, described, Cic. Caecin. 5, 14; Sen. Ben. 7, 2:

    ministratio deformata litteris,

    Vulg. 2 Cor. 3, 7.
    2.
    dē-formo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [forma; cf. deformis], to bring out of shape; to deform, disfigure; to spoil, mar (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    deformatus corpore, fractus animo,

    Cic. Att. 2, 21, 3 sq.; cf.:

    aerumnis deformatus,

    Sall. J. 14, 7:

    vultum macies deformat,

    Verg. G. 4, 254:

    membra veneno,

    Sil. 2, 707:

    capillos tonsura,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 517; cf.:

    canitiem multo pulvere,

    Verg. A. 10, 844 (for which, id. ib. 12, 611, turpare; and Catull. 64, 224; and Ov. M. 8, 530, foedare):

    parietes nudos ac deformatos reliquit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 55; cf. Liv. 37, 3: patriam turpissimis incendiis et ruinis, Auct. B. Alex. 24, 3; cf. Italiam, Auct. (Cicero?) ap. Quint. 9, 3, 31.—
    II.
    Trop., to mar, disgrace, dishonor:

    quae accusatores deformandi hujus causa dixerunt,

    Cic. Cael. 2; cf.:

    (rusticana illa parsimonia) deformata atque ornamentis omnibus spoliata,

    id. Quint. 30, 92:

    ordinem prava lectione (senatus),

    Liv. 9, 30:

    victoriam clade,

    id. 33, 36 fin.; cf. id. 3, 71:

    multa bona uno vitio,

    id. 30, 14 fin.:

    orationem (with lacerare),

    Quint. 10, 7, 32:

    domum,

    Verg. A. 12, 805.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > deformo

  • 9 gracilis

    grăcĭlis, e (also ante-class. grăcĭlus, a, um, Lucil. ap. Non. 489, 21; plur.:

    gracilae virgines,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 22), adj. [Sanscr. karc, to be lean; old Lat. cracentes, slender (Enn. Ann. 497 Vahl.); cf. Gr. kolokanos], thin, slight, slender, slim; meagre, lean ( poet. and in Aug. prose; not in Cic.; but cf. gracilitas; syn.: exilis, tenuis, macer).
    I.
    Physically:

    in gracili macies crimen habere potest,

    Ov. R. Am. 328:

    gracili sic tamque pusillo,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 69:

    quis multa gracilis te puer in rosa, etc.,

    id. C. 1, 5, 1:

    puer,

    Mart. 11, 43, 4:

    Indi,

    Juv. 6, 466:

    capella,

    Ov. M. 1, 299:

    equi hominesque paululi et graciles,

    Liv. 35, 11, 7:

    arbores succinctioresque,

    Plin. 16, 10, 17, § 39:

    resina (opp. pinguis),

    id. 24, 6, 22, § 33:

    gracilis et ejuncida vitis,

    id. 17, 22, 35, § 173:

    folium,

    id. 19, 8, 54, § 171:

    comae et lanuginis instar,

    Ov. Am. 1, 14, 23:

    stamen,

    id. M. 6, 54:

    catena,

    id. ib. 4, 176; cf.:

    vinculum auri,

    Petr. 126:

    cacumen,

    Ov. M. 10, 140:

    coronae,

    Juv. 12, 87:

    viae petauri,

    Mart. 2, 86, 7; cf.

    rima,

    App. M. 4, p. 149:

    libellus,

    Mart. 8, 24, 1:

    umbra,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 86:

    spuma,

    Vulg. Sap. 5, 15.— Comp.:

    glans brevior et gracilior,

    Plin. 16, 6, 8, § 19.— Sup.:

    fuit (Nero) ventre projecto, gracillimis cruribus,

    Suet. Ner. 51.—
    B.
    Transf., opp. to fat or rich, meagre, scanty, poor (post-Aug.):

    ager,

    Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 187:

    clivi,

    Col. 2, 4, 11:

    vindemiae,

    Plin. Ep. 9, 20, 2; 8, 15, 1:

    gracili Lare vivere,

    App. Mag. p. 287; cf.

    pauperies,

    id. M. 9, p. 219.—
    II.
    Trop., of style, simple, plain, unadorned ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose): materiae gracili sufficit ingenium. Ov. P. 2, 5, 26; cf.:

    lusimus, Octavi, gracili modulante Thalia,

    Verg. Cul. 1: et in carmine et in soluta oratione genera dicendi probabilia sunt tria, quae Graeci charaktêras vocant nominaque eis fecerunt hadron, ischnon, meson. Nos quoque, quem primum posuimus, uberem vocamus, secundum gracilem, tertium mediocrem. Uberi dignitas atque amplitudo est:

    gracili venustas et subtilitas: medius in confinio est utriusque modi particeps, etc.,

    Gell. 7, 14, 1 sq.; cf.:

    inter gracile validumque tertium aliquid constitutum est,

    Quint. 12, 10, 66:

    praefationes tersae, graciles, dulces,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 1.—Of the speaker:

    non possumus esse tam graciles, simus fortiores,

    Quint. 12, 10, 36.—Hence, adv.: grăcĭlĭter, slenderly.
    1.
    Lit., App. M. 3, p. 130.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    alia ornatius, alia gracilius esse dicenda,

    more simply, Quint. 9, 4, 130.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > gracilis

  • 10 gracilitas

    grăcĭlĭtas, ātis, f. [gracilis], slenderness, thinness, leanness, meagreness.
    I.
    Lit. (class.;

    syn.: macies, subtilitas): erat eo tempore in nobis summa gracilitas et infirmitas corporis,

    Cic. Brut. 91, 313:

    cervicis et crurum,

    Suet. Calig. 50:

    crurum,

    id. ib. 3; id. Dom. 18:

    digitalis (vitis),

    Plin. 14, 3, 4, § 40; cf.:

    papyrum in gracilitatem fastigatum,

    id. 13, 11, 22, § 71.— Plur.:

    habet certos sui studiosos (Lysias), qui non tam habitus corporis opimos, quam gracilitates consectentur,

    Cic. Brut. 16, 64.—
    II.
    Trop., of style, simplicity, plainness, want of ornament (post-Aug.):

    quid Periclea? similemne credimus Lysiacae gracilitati?

    Quint. 12, 10, 24; cf.:

    exempla in Latina lingua M. Varro esse dicit ubertatis Pacuvium, gracilitatis Lucilium, mediocritatis Terentium,

    Gell. 7, 14, 6 (v. the whole 14th chap.):

    pressa illa narrationis,

    Quint. 4, 3, 2; 1, 9, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > gracilitas

  • 11 larualis

    larvālis ( larŭālis), e, adj. [larva], like a ghost, ghostly (post-Aug.):

    habitus,

    Sen. Ep. 25; so, si larvali habitu processeris, Lex ap. Paul. Sent. 3, 4, b, 2:

    macies larŭalis,

    Auct. Priap. 32, 13.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > larualis

  • 12 larvalis

    larvālis ( larŭālis), e, adj. [larva], like a ghost, ghostly (post-Aug.):

    habitus,

    Sen. Ep. 25; so, si larvali habitu processeris, Lex ap. Paul. Sent. 3, 4, b, 2:

    macies larŭalis,

    Auct. Priap. 32, 13.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > larvalis

  • 13 macilentus

    măcĭlentus, a, um, adj. [macies], lean, thin, meagre (ante- and post-class.):

    macilento ore,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 114:

    macilentis malis,

    id. As. 2, 3, 20: macilenti, macie tenuati, Paul. ex Fest. p. 125 Müll.:

    solum,

    poor, barren, Pall. Mart. 10, 1.— Comp.:

    macilentiores vultus,

    Vulg. Dan. 1, 10: macilentior equus, Pelagon. Vet. 13.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > macilentus

  • 14 macor

    măcor, ōris, m. [maceo], leanness, meagreness (ante-class. for macies): corpus meum tali maerore, aegrore, macore senet, Pac. ap. Non. 137, 1 (Trag. Rel. v. 275 Rib.); cf. Prisc. 699 P.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > macor

  • 15 macritas

    măcrĭtas, ātis, f. [1. macer], leanness, poorness, thinness (post-Aug. and rare for macies):

    arenae,

    Vitr. 2, 4:

    soli,

    Pall. Oct. 1, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > macritas

  • 16 macritudo

    mā̆crĭtūdo, ĭnis, f. [id.], leanness, thinness, meagreness (for macies):

    ossa atque pellis sum, miser macritudine,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 26 Weise (1, 2, 32 Brix and Fleck., who read aegritudine; acc. to Non. 136, 2).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > macritudo

  • 17 pannosus

    pannōsus, a, um, adj. [pannus], full of rags, ragged, tattered.
    I.
    Lit.:

    homines,

    Cic. Att. 4, 3, 5; Just. 2, 6, 19; 21, 5, 5:

    aedilis,

    Juv. 10, 102.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Rag-like, flabby, shrivelled, wrinkled:

    macies,

    Sen. Clem. 2, 6, 2:

    mammae,

    Mart. 3, 72, 3:

    faex aceti,

    that looks like rags, mothery, Pers. 4, 32.—
    B.
    Ragged, tattered, poor:

    resculae,

    App. M. 4, p. 148, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pannosus

  • 18 scabiosus

    scăbĭōsus, a, um, adj. [id.] (post-Aug.).
    I.
    Rough, scurfy:

    coralium,

    Plin. 32, 2, 11, § 22:

    far,

    old, spoiled, Pers. 5, 74.—
    II.
    Scabby, mangy:

    boves, Col.11,2,83: (homo),

    Pers. 2, 13:

    anguli (oculorum),

    Plin. 29, 2, 10, § 36:

    macies mulorum,

    App. M. 9, p. 223.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > scabiosus

  • 19 summum

    sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:

    super inferque vicinus,

    Cato, R. R. 149, 1:

    totus super ignis,

    Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].
    I.
    Posit.
    A.
    Adj.
    1.
    In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:

    at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:

    omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:

    ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 12:

    limen superum inferumque salve,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:

    portae Phrygiae limen,

    id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):

    carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:

    di,

    id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:

    superis deorum Gratus et imis,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 19:

    ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:

    spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,

    id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:

    omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,

    Verg. A. 6, 788:

    supera ad convexa,

    to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):

    lumen,

    Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:

    domus deorum,

    Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;

    so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,

    Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:

    de supero, quom huc accesserit,

    from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,

    ex supero,

    Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —
    2.
    In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):

    supera de parte,

    i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:

    superas evadere ad auras,

    Verg. A. 6, 128:

    superum ad lumen ire,

    id. ib. 6, 680:

    aurae,

    Ov. M. 5, 641:

    orae,

    Verg. A. 2, 91:

    limen,

    id. ib. 6, 680.—
    B.
    Substt.
    1.
    Sŭpĕri, orum, m.
    (α).
    They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:

    multum fleti ad superos,

    i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:

    (Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,

    the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:

    ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,

    Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:

    epistula ad superos scripta,

    i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—
    (β).
    (Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:

    quae Superi Manesque dabant,

    Verg. A. 10, 34:

    aspiciunt Superi mortalia,

    Ov. M. 13, 70:

    o Superi!

    id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;

    pro Superi,

    id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:

    terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,

    Verg. A. 1, 4:

    illa propago Contemptrix Superum,

    Ov. M. 1, 161:

    exemplo Superorum,

    id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,

    Superorum,

    id. P. 1, 1, 43:

    postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,

    Verg. A. 3, 2:

    scilicet is Superis labor est,

    id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:

    superis deorum Gratus et imis,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 19:

    flectere Superos,

    Verg. A. 7, 312:

    te per Superos... oro,

    id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—
    2.
    sŭpĕra, orum, n.
    (α).
    The heavenly bodies:

    Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:

    cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,

    id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—
    (β).
    Higher places (sc. loca):

    supera semper petunt,

    tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:

    (Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,

    the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.
    II.
    Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.
    A.
    Lit., of place, higher, upper:

    inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 46:

    dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?

    Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:

    in superiore qui habito cenaculo,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:

    tota domus superior vacat,

    the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:

    superior accumbere,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:

    de loco superiore dicere,

    i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:

    agere,

    i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;

    and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,

    id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,

    ex loco superiore,

    id. ib. 3, 4:

    loca,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 4;

    3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,

    id. B. C. 3, 98:

    qui in superiore acie constiterant,

    id. B. G. 1, 24:

    ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,

    i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:

    posteriori superius non jungitur,

    id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:

    superiores solis defectiones,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:

    quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,

    id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:

    refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 58:

    superioribus aestivis,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:

    superioribus temporibus,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:

    tempus (opp. posterius),

    id. Dom. 37, 99:

    tempora (opp. inferiora),

    Suet. Claud. 41:

    annus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:

    anno superiore,

    id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:

    superioris anni acta,

    Suet. Caes. 23:

    in superiore vita,

    Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:

    testimonium conveniens superiori facto,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:

    superius facinus novo scelere vincere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:

    superioris more crudelitatis uti,

    Nep. Thras. 3, 1:

    superius genus,

    mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:

    nuptiae,

    former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:

    vir,

    first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—
    b.
    Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:

    omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 5:

    aetate superiores,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:

    superior Africanus,

    the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:

    Dionysius,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:

    quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,

    Cic. Or. 34, 120.—
    2.
    Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:

    Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 65:

    numero superiores,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:

    hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,

    id. ib. 8, 19:

    se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,

    Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:

    semper discessit superior,

    Nep. Hann. 1, 2:

    si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,

    Sall. C. 39, 4:

    ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 15:

    multo superiores bello esse,

    Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:

    superiorem Appium in causa fecit,

    Liv. 5, 7, 1.—
    3.
    Of quality, condition, number, etc., higher, more distinguished, greater, superior.
    (α).
    With abl. respect.:

    pecuniis superiores,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:

    loco, fortuna, fama superiores,

    id. Lael. 25, 94:

    habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,

    id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:

    ordine,

    id. ib. 13, 5, 2:

    facilitate et humanitate superior,

    id. Off. 1, 26, 90:

    si superior ceteris rebus esses,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—
    (β).
    Absol.:

    ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,

    Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:

    ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,

    id. Off. 1, 26, 90:

    invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,

    id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:

    premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,

    Liv. 22, 12, 12:

    cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,

    Vell. 2, 101, 1.
    III.
    Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.
    A.
    ‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—
    B.
    sū̆prēmus, a, um, highest, loftiest, topmost.
    1.
    Lit. (only poet.; cf.

    summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,

    the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,

    montes,

    Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:

    rupes,

    Sen. Oedip. 95:

    arx,

    Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:

    supremae Tethyos unda,

    Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—
    2.
    Trop.
    a.
    Of time or order of succession, last, latest, extreme, final, = ultimus (class.).
    (α).
    In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;

    sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:

    quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

    supremo te sole domi manebo,

    at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:

    jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,

    last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:

    quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,

    Ov. M. 12, 526.—
    (β).
    In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:

    supremo vitae die,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:

    dies,

    id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:

    hora,

    Tib. 1, 1, 59:

    tempus,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:

    incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,

    i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:

    mors,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:

    finis,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 12:

    iter,

    id. C. 2, 17, 11:

    lumen,

    Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,

    ore,

    id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:

    haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,

    Verg. A. 8, 583:

    Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,

    in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;

    supremis suis annis,

    in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:

    suprema ejus cura,

    id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:

    spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,

    Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:

    funera,

    Ov. M. 3, 137:

    oscula,

    id. ib. 6, 278:

    tori,

    i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:

    ignis,

    id. Am. 1, 15, 41:

    ignes,

    id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:

    officia,

    Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,

    tabulae,

    Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:

    tituli,

    i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:

    Troiae sorte suprema,

    Verg. A. 5, 190:

    dies regnis,

    Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:

    animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,

    for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:

    anima exitura supremo,

    Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.
    1.
    sŭprēmum, i, n., the last moment, end (very rare):

    ventum ad supremum est,

    Verg. A. 12, 803.—
    2.
    suprēma, orum, n.
    (α).
    The last moments, the close of life, death:

    ut me in supremis consolatus est!

    Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:

    statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,

    the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:

    circa suprema Neronis,

    the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—
    (β).
    The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:

    supremis divi Augusti,

    Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:

    suprema ferre (sc. munera),

    Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—
    (γ).
    A last will, testament:

    nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,

    Tac. A. 1, 8:

    miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,

    Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—
    (δ).
    The relics, remains of a burned corpse, the ashes, = reliquiae, Amm. 25, 9, 12; Sol. 1 med. —
    b.
    Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:

    multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,

    Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:

    macies,

    Verg. A. 3, 590:

    Juppiter supreme,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:

    med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,

    most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—
    C.
    summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).
    1.
    Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):

    summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,

    the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):

    summum jugum montis,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 21:

    summus mons,

    the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:

    feriunt summos fulmina montes,

    the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:

    locus castrorum,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 23:

    in summa sacra via,

    on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

    in summa columna conlocare,

    id. Div. 1, 24, 48:

    quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

    Janus summus ab imo,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:

    ad aquam summam appropinquare,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:

    in aqua summa natare,

    the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:

    apud summum puteum,

    id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:

    per summa volare aequora,

    Verg. A. 5, 819:

    summa cacumina linquunt,

    id. ib. 6, 678:

    mari summo,

    id. ib. 1, 110:

    prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,

    id. ib. 6, 357:

    summaque per galeam delibans oscula,

    id. ib. 12, 434:

    amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,

    Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:

    summam cutem novacula decerpito,

    Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:

    summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,

    I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:

    standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,

    Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,

    a summo dare (bibere),

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—
    b.
    summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:

    ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 26:

    qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:

    leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,

    id. Div. 1, 17, 30:

    igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,

    Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:

    puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:

    nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,

    Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:

    summa petere,

    Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—
    2.
    Transf., of the voice:

    jubeo te salvere voce summa,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:

    citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,

    at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:

    vox (opp. ima),

    Quint. 11, 3, 15:

    summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:

    summo haec clamore,

    Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:

    exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,

    Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:

    bis, terve summum,

    id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:

    triduo aut summum quatriduo,

    id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—
    2.
    Trop.
    a.
    Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):

    haec est praestituta summa argento dies,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,

    venit summa dies,

    Verg. A. 2, 324:

    ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:

    cum esset summa senectute,

    id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:

    in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,

    Luc. 2, 211:

    summo carmine,

    at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:

    eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,

    the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;

    quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,

    at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:

    nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,

    Albin. 1, 137. —
    b.
    Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):

    summi puerorum amores,

    Cic. Lael. 10, 33:

    spes civium,

    id. ib. 3, 11:

    fides, constantia justitiaque,

    id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:

    qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,

    id. ib. 6, 20:

    non agam summo jure tecum,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:

    tres fratres summo loco nati,

    id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:

    qui summo magistratui praeerat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 16:

    concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:

    quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,

    id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:

    turpitudo,

    id. Lael. 17, 61:

    summum in cruciatum se venire,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31:

    scelus,

    Sall. C. 12, 5:

    hiems,

    the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:

    cum aestas summa esse coeperat,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:

    ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,

    id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:

    summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,

    id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:

    summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,

    id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:

    optimi et summi viri diligentia,

    id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:

    summus Juppiter,

    id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:

    ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,

    id. Am. 1, 2, 6:

    miles summi inperatoris,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:

    amicus summus,

    the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:

    nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,

    id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:

    summa ducum Atrides,

    the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:

    summo rei publicae tempore,

    at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:

    in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,

    id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:

    summa salus rei publicae,

    id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,

    res publica,

    id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:

    ad summam rem publicam,

    Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:

    quo res summa loco, Panthu?

    the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:

    non agam summo jure tecum,

    deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;

    ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,

    id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:

    quod me sollicitare summe solet,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:

    cupere aliquid,

    id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:

    contendere,

    Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:

    diffidere,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:

    admirari,

    Quint. 10, 1, 70:

    summe jucundum,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:

    officiosi,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:

    summe disertus vir,

    Quint. 12, 1, 23:

    summe munitus locus,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:

    summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:

    mei summe observantissimus,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > summum

  • 20 Superi

    sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:

    super inferque vicinus,

    Cato, R. R. 149, 1:

    totus super ignis,

    Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].
    I.
    Posit.
    A.
    Adj.
    1.
    In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:

    at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:

    omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:

    ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 12:

    limen superum inferumque salve,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:

    portae Phrygiae limen,

    id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):

    carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:

    di,

    id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:

    superis deorum Gratus et imis,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 19:

    ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:

    spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,

    id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:

    omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,

    Verg. A. 6, 788:

    supera ad convexa,

    to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):

    lumen,

    Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:

    domus deorum,

    Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;

    so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,

    Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:

    de supero, quom huc accesserit,

    from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,

    ex supero,

    Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —
    2.
    In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):

    supera de parte,

    i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:

    superas evadere ad auras,

    Verg. A. 6, 128:

    superum ad lumen ire,

    id. ib. 6, 680:

    aurae,

    Ov. M. 5, 641:

    orae,

    Verg. A. 2, 91:

    limen,

    id. ib. 6, 680.—
    B.
    Substt.
    1.
    Sŭpĕri, orum, m.
    (α).
    They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:

    multum fleti ad superos,

    i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:

    (Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,

    the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:

    ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,

    Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:

    epistula ad superos scripta,

    i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—
    (β).
    (Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:

    quae Superi Manesque dabant,

    Verg. A. 10, 34:

    aspiciunt Superi mortalia,

    Ov. M. 13, 70:

    o Superi!

    id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;

    pro Superi,

    id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:

    terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,

    Verg. A. 1, 4:

    illa propago Contemptrix Superum,

    Ov. M. 1, 161:

    exemplo Superorum,

    id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,

    Superorum,

    id. P. 1, 1, 43:

    postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,

    Verg. A. 3, 2:

    scilicet is Superis labor est,

    id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:

    superis deorum Gratus et imis,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 19:

    flectere Superos,

    Verg. A. 7, 312:

    te per Superos... oro,

    id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—
    2.
    sŭpĕra, orum, n.
    (α).
    The heavenly bodies:

    Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:

    cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,

    id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—
    (β).
    Higher places (sc. loca):

    supera semper petunt,

    tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:

    (Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,

    the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.
    II.
    Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.
    A.
    Lit., of place, higher, upper:

    inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 46:

    dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?

    Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:

    in superiore qui habito cenaculo,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:

    tota domus superior vacat,

    the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:

    superior accumbere,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:

    de loco superiore dicere,

    i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:

    agere,

    i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;

    and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,

    id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,

    ex loco superiore,

    id. ib. 3, 4:

    loca,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 4;

    3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,

    id. B. C. 3, 98:

    qui in superiore acie constiterant,

    id. B. G. 1, 24:

    ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,

    i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:

    posteriori superius non jungitur,

    id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:

    superiores solis defectiones,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:

    quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,

    id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:

    refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 58:

    superioribus aestivis,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:

    superioribus temporibus,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:

    tempus (opp. posterius),

    id. Dom. 37, 99:

    tempora (opp. inferiora),

    Suet. Claud. 41:

    annus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:

    anno superiore,

    id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:

    superioris anni acta,

    Suet. Caes. 23:

    in superiore vita,

    Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:

    testimonium conveniens superiori facto,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:

    superius facinus novo scelere vincere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:

    superioris more crudelitatis uti,

    Nep. Thras. 3, 1:

    superius genus,

    mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:

    nuptiae,

    former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:

    vir,

    first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—
    b.
    Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:

    omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 5:

    aetate superiores,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:

    superior Africanus,

    the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:

    Dionysius,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:

    quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,

    Cic. Or. 34, 120.—
    2.
    Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:

    Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 65:

    numero superiores,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:

    hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,

    id. ib. 8, 19:

    se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,

    Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:

    semper discessit superior,

    Nep. Hann. 1, 2:

    si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,

    Sall. C. 39, 4:

    ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 15:

    multo superiores bello esse,

    Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:

    superiorem Appium in causa fecit,

    Liv. 5, 7, 1.—
    3.
    Of quality, condition, number, etc., higher, more distinguished, greater, superior.
    (α).
    With abl. respect.:

    pecuniis superiores,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:

    loco, fortuna, fama superiores,

    id. Lael. 25, 94:

    habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,

    id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:

    ordine,

    id. ib. 13, 5, 2:

    facilitate et humanitate superior,

    id. Off. 1, 26, 90:

    si superior ceteris rebus esses,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—
    (β).
    Absol.:

    ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,

    Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:

    ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,

    id. Off. 1, 26, 90:

    invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,

    id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:

    premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,

    Liv. 22, 12, 12:

    cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,

    Vell. 2, 101, 1.
    III.
    Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.
    A.
    ‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—
    B.
    sū̆prēmus, a, um, highest, loftiest, topmost.
    1.
    Lit. (only poet.; cf.

    summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,

    the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,

    montes,

    Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:

    rupes,

    Sen. Oedip. 95:

    arx,

    Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:

    supremae Tethyos unda,

    Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—
    2.
    Trop.
    a.
    Of time or order of succession, last, latest, extreme, final, = ultimus (class.).
    (α).
    In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;

    sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:

    quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

    supremo te sole domi manebo,

    at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:

    jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,

    last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:

    quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,

    Ov. M. 12, 526.—
    (β).
    In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:

    supremo vitae die,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:

    dies,

    id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:

    hora,

    Tib. 1, 1, 59:

    tempus,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:

    incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,

    i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:

    mors,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:

    finis,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 12:

    iter,

    id. C. 2, 17, 11:

    lumen,

    Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,

    ore,

    id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:

    haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,

    Verg. A. 8, 583:

    Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,

    in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;

    supremis suis annis,

    in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:

    suprema ejus cura,

    id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:

    spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,

    Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:

    funera,

    Ov. M. 3, 137:

    oscula,

    id. ib. 6, 278:

    tori,

    i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:

    ignis,

    id. Am. 1, 15, 41:

    ignes,

    id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:

    officia,

    Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,

    tabulae,

    Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:

    tituli,

    i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:

    Troiae sorte suprema,

    Verg. A. 5, 190:

    dies regnis,

    Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:

    animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,

    for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:

    anima exitura supremo,

    Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.
    1.
    sŭprēmum, i, n., the last moment, end (very rare):

    ventum ad supremum est,

    Verg. A. 12, 803.—
    2.
    suprēma, orum, n.
    (α).
    The last moments, the close of life, death:

    ut me in supremis consolatus est!

    Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:

    statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,

    the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:

    circa suprema Neronis,

    the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—
    (β).
    The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:

    supremis divi Augusti,

    Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:

    suprema ferre (sc. munera),

    Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—
    (γ).
    A last will, testament:

    nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,

    Tac. A. 1, 8:

    miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,

    Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—
    (δ).
    The relics, remains of a burned corpse, the ashes, = reliquiae, Amm. 25, 9, 12; Sol. 1 med. —
    b.
    Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:

    multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,

    Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:

    macies,

    Verg. A. 3, 590:

    Juppiter supreme,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:

    med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,

    most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—
    C.
    summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).
    1.
    Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):

    summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,

    the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):

    summum jugum montis,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 21:

    summus mons,

    the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:

    feriunt summos fulmina montes,

    the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:

    locus castrorum,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 23:

    in summa sacra via,

    on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

    in summa columna conlocare,

    id. Div. 1, 24, 48:

    quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

    Janus summus ab imo,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:

    ad aquam summam appropinquare,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:

    in aqua summa natare,

    the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:

    apud summum puteum,

    id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:

    per summa volare aequora,

    Verg. A. 5, 819:

    summa cacumina linquunt,

    id. ib. 6, 678:

    mari summo,

    id. ib. 1, 110:

    prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,

    id. ib. 6, 357:

    summaque per galeam delibans oscula,

    id. ib. 12, 434:

    amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,

    Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:

    summam cutem novacula decerpito,

    Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:

    summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,

    I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:

    standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,

    Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,

    a summo dare (bibere),

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—
    b.
    summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:

    ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 26:

    qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:

    leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,

    id. Div. 1, 17, 30:

    igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,

    Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:

    puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:

    nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,

    Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:

    summa petere,

    Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—
    2.
    Transf., of the voice:

    jubeo te salvere voce summa,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:

    citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,

    at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:

    vox (opp. ima),

    Quint. 11, 3, 15:

    summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:

    summo haec clamore,

    Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:

    exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,

    Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:

    bis, terve summum,

    id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:

    triduo aut summum quatriduo,

    id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—
    2.
    Trop.
    a.
    Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):

    haec est praestituta summa argento dies,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,

    venit summa dies,

    Verg. A. 2, 324:

    ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:

    cum esset summa senectute,

    id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:

    in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,

    Luc. 2, 211:

    summo carmine,

    at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:

    eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,

    the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;

    quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,

    at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:

    nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,

    Albin. 1, 137. —
    b.
    Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):

    summi puerorum amores,

    Cic. Lael. 10, 33:

    spes civium,

    id. ib. 3, 11:

    fides, constantia justitiaque,

    id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:

    qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,

    id. ib. 6, 20:

    non agam summo jure tecum,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:

    tres fratres summo loco nati,

    id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:

    qui summo magistratui praeerat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 16:

    concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:

    quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,

    id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:

    turpitudo,

    id. Lael. 17, 61:

    summum in cruciatum se venire,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31:

    scelus,

    Sall. C. 12, 5:

    hiems,

    the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:

    cum aestas summa esse coeperat,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:

    ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,

    id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:

    summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,

    id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:

    summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,

    id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:

    optimi et summi viri diligentia,

    id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:

    summus Juppiter,

    id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:

    ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,

    id. Am. 1, 2, 6:

    miles summi inperatoris,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:

    amicus summus,

    the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:

    nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,

    id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:

    summa ducum Atrides,

    the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:

    summo rei publicae tempore,

    at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:

    in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,

    id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:

    summa salus rei publicae,

    id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,

    res publica,

    id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:

    ad summam rem publicam,

    Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:

    quo res summa loco, Panthu?

    the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:

    non agam summo jure tecum,

    deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;

    ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,

    id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:

    quod me sollicitare summe solet,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:

    cupere aliquid,

    id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:

    contendere,

    Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:

    diffidere,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:

    admirari,

    Quint. 10, 1, 70:

    summe jucundum,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:

    officiosi,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:

    summe disertus vir,

    Quint. 12, 1, 23:

    summe munitus locus,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:

    summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:

    mei summe observantissimus,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Superi

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