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1 μῆκος
A length, of a club, τόσσον ἔην μῆκος, τόσσον πάχος so large was it in length, so large in thickness, Od. 9.324;φιλότης ἴση μ. τε πλάτος τε Emp.17.20
, cf. Hdt.1.181, etc.;ἐς μῆκος Id.2.155
;εἰς τὸ μῆκος LXX Ge.12.6
;ἐν μήκει καὶ πλάτει καὶ βάθει Pl.Sph. 235d
, cf. Gorg.3, Arist.Ph. 209a5; ἐπὶ μῆκος lengthwise,ἐπὶ μ. ἔκτασις Id.HA 504a15
, al.;κατὰ μῆκος Id.Mete. 387a2
;μ. ὁδοῦ A.Fr. 378
, Hdt.1.72, etc.;πλοῦ Th.6.34
; μᾶκος ἔδικε threw a long distance, Pi.O.10(11).72: pl.,μήκη καὶ βάθη καὶ πλάτη Pl.Plt. 284e
, cf. Iamb.Comm.Math.26; τὰ μεγάλα μ. great lengths, Pl.Prt. 356d.b height, of a wall, Ar.Av. 1130; of persons, stature, Od.20.71; μῆκος in height, 11.312;εἰς μ. αὐξάνεσθαι X.Lac.2.6
.c generally, μήκει in linear measurement, Pl.Tht. 147d, cf. 148a; linearity, one-dimensional magnitude, opp. ἐπίπεδον, βάθος, Id.Lg. 817e: in Arith., in the first power, Theol.Ar.3,4.2 of Time,μ. χρόνου A.Pr. 1020
;ἐν μ. χρόνου S.Tr.69
; ; μ. λόγου, μ. τῶν λόγων, a long speech, A.Eu. 201, S.OC 1139;ἐν μήκει λόγων διελθεῖν Th.4.62
; μῆκος at length,εἰπέ μοι μὴ μ., ἀλλὰ σύντομα S. Ant. 446
.3 of Size or Degree, greatness, magnitude,ὄλβου Emp. 119
; μῆκος in greatness,ἔοικεν ἄλλῃ μ. οὐδὲν ἡδονῇ S.Ant. 393
.6 first line of phalanx, Ascl.Tact.2.5. (From same Root as μακρός. Hence μήκιστος, [comp] Sup. of μακρός.) -
2 μαῖα
μαῖα, ἡ,A good mother, form of address to old women, Hom. (only in Od.), always in voc., usu. addressed to Eurycleia, the nurse of Odysseus, Od.19.482, al.; but also to Eurynome the ταμίη, 17.499: hence not only of nurses, cf. h.Cer. 147, Ar.Ec. 915 (lyr.).2 later, foster-mother, E.Hipp. 243 (anap.), Antiph.159.6; also, a true mother,μαῖα δὴ κάτω βέβακεν E.Alc. 393
(lyr.): metaph., of the earth,ἰὼ γαῖα μαῖα A.Ch.44
(lyr.), cf. S.Fr. 959.b lady doctor, Gal.14.641.4 in [dialect] Dor., grandmother, Iamb.VP11.56, IG12(3).1120 ([place name] Melos). -
3 ἀμφιλαφής
A taking in on all sides, wide-spreading, of large trees. Hdt.4.172;πλάτανος.. ἀ. τε καὶ ὑψηλή Pl.Phdr. 230b
.2 thickly grown, thick,ἀ. ἄλσος δένδρεσιν Call.Cer.27
, cf. Ael.NA7.6; also of hair, Philostr. Jun.Im.8, etc.;ἀ. φολίδεσσι δράκων Nonn.D.5.153
.3 generally, abundant, enormous,δύναμις Pi.O.9.82
; βρονταί, χιών, Hdt.4.28,50; δόσις ἀ. a bounteous gift, A.Ag. 1015; γόος ἀ. loud wail, Ch. 331; A;κατάλυσις Jul.Ep.36
. Adv.- φῶς
copiously,Plu.
Eum.6; ἀ. ἔχειν, c. gen., Alciphr.3.60.4 bulky, huge,ἐλέφαντες Hdt.3.114
;ἵππος A.R.4.1366
; νῆσος ib. 983;παστάς Theoc.24.46
;χορός Call.Dian.3
, etc.b (as if Passive, held on all sides), palpable, Dam.Pr.13, 111.5 rarely of persons, ἀ. τέχνῃ great in art, Call.Ap.42;ἀ. τὴν διάνοιαν Dam.
ap. Suid.—Not in Hom. or in Early Prose.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀμφιλαφής
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4 ὄγκος 2
ὄγκος 2.Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `mass, burden, weight; distinction, pride, pomposity', also as notion of style (IA.); but see at the end.Compounds: Often as 2. member, e.g. ὑπέρ-ογκος `excessively large, exaggerated, haughty' (Pl., X.), rarely as 1. member, e.g. ὀγκό-φωνος `with a hollow and pompous tone' (of a trumpet; sch.).Derivatives: 1. Adj. ὀγκ-ηρός `bulky, extensive', mostly metaph. `pompous' (Hp., X., Arist.); - ώδης `bulky, bombastic' (Pl., X., Arist.); ὀγκύλον σεμνόν, γαῦρον H. with ( δι-)ὀγκύλλομαι, - υλόομαι `to be swollen, to be puffed up' (Hp., Ar.); comp. ὀγκότερος `bulky' (Arist.), sup. - τατος (AP); on the formation Schwyzer 536. 2. Verb ὀγκόο-μαι, - όω, also w. prefix, e.g. δια-, ἐξ- `to become a mass, resp. to bring something off, to tower (above), to puff oneself up' (ion. att.) with ( δι-, ἐξ-)ὄγκωσις `bulge, swelling' (Arist., medic.), ( ἐξ-)ὄγκωμα `bulge, swelling, towering (above), heap' (Hp., E.). -- From H.: ὀγκίαι θημῶνες, χώματα; ὄγκη μέγεθος (cf. to 1. ὄγκος).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Prop. "what is carried, load, burden" as verbal noun with ο-ablaut of the root seen in the reduplicated aorist ἐνεγκεῖν; s. v. (supposed to be * h₁enk-). - Jouanna ( CRAI 1985, 31-60) holds that the meaning `burden' is not attested and that there is only one word `gonflement' from `curvature' (* h₂onk-).Page in Frisk: 2,347Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὄγκος 2
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5 σκάπτω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to dig, to dig out, to work the earth', κατα- σκάπτω `to inter, to bury', usu. `to demolish, to raze to the ground, to destroy' (h. Merc., Pi.).Other forms: Aor. σκάψαι (IA.), fut. σκάψω, perf. ἔσκαφα, midd. ἔσκαμμαι (Att.), aor. pass. σκαφ-ῆναι (E., hell.), fut. - ήσομαι (J. a. o.),Compounds: Often w. prefix, esp. κατα-.Derivatives: Several derivv. (on the forms with φ cf. bel.): 1. σκάφη f. `winnow, bowl, trough, dish', also `ship' (IA.); σκάφος n. `hull of a ship', poet. also `ship' (IA.), rarely (as nom. act.) `the digging' (Hes. Op. 572, Gp.). 2. Diminut.: σκαφ-ίς, - ίδος f. `cup' (ι 223, Hp., Ar. a. o.), also `barge' and `spade' (hell. a. late); - ίον n. `bowl, cup' (com., hell. a. late), also as des. of a hair-dress (Ar., on the development of the meaning Solmsen Wortforsch. 203 ff. [disputable]), `barge' (Str., Hld.); - ίδιον n. `winnow, ship' (hell. a. late). 3. σκαφ-ίτης m. approx. `boatman' (Anon. ap. Demetr., Str.; Redard 44f.). 4. σκαφή f. `the digging' (hell. pap. a.o., Hdn. Gr. 1, 345), also `grave' (Bithynia; or σκάφη ?); often prefixcompp., esp. κατασκαφ-ή, often pl. - αί `tomb, demolition, destruction' (trag., also Att. prose); adj. κατασκαφ-ής `butied' (S.). 5. σκαφ-ιά f. `ditch, grave' (Halaesa Ia). 6. σκαφ-εύς m. `digger' (E., Archipp., hell. a. late; rather directly from σκάπτω than with Bosshardt 40 from σκαφή), also (from σκάφη) `dish, σκαφηφόρος' ( Com. Adesp.); from σκάφη also σκαφ-εύω `to empty in a trough' (Ctes., Plu.) with - ευσις (Eun.); besides - ευσις, - εία f. `the digging' (Suid.), - εῖον n. `shovel', also `bowl, cup' (= - ίον; youngatt. hell.) with - είδιον (Hdn. Epim.), - ευτής = fossor (Gloss.). 7. σκαφ-ητός m. `the digging' (Thphr., hell. a. late inscr. a. o.; after ἀλοητός a. o.), - ητροι pl. `id.' (pap. Ip); WestGr. (Delphi, Trozen a. o.) σκάπετος m. (Megara - πεδος; after δάπεδον, πέδον Solmsen Wortforsch. 196; not with Schwyzer 498 n. 13 "phonetical byform (play-)") `grave, tomb'; besides κάπετος `id.' (Il., Hp.), also `spade' (Gortyn)?, uncertain σκαπέτωσις `the digging' (Trozen). 8. σκαφαλος ἀντλητήρ H. (like πάσσαλος a.o.); λ-suffix also in σκαφλεύς = σκαφεύς (Athens IVa)?; Kumanudis Rev. de phil. 87, 99f. 9. σκαπ-άνη f. `shovel, spade' (Theoc., AP a. o.), also `excavation' (Thphr.), with - ανήτης m. `digger' (Zonar)., - ανεύς m. `id.' (Lyc., Phld., Str. a. o.; Bosshardt 68), - ανεύω `to dig up' (inscr. Magnesia [Epist. Darei], Phld. Rh.). 10. σκάμμα n. `the digging, ditch, place dug up' (Pl. Lg., hell. a. late). 11. περίσκαψις f. `the digging up' (pap. VIp, Gp.). 12. σκαπτήρ, - ῆρος m. `digger' (Margites, X. ap. Poll.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 107; 2, 55, Benveniste Noms d'agent 39), f. - τειρα (AP). 13. PN Σκαπτη ὕλη (Thrace; Hdt. a. o.) with Σκαπτησυλικός (Att. inscr.), - ίτης m. (St. Byz.); on the formaytion Schwyzer 452.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur. substr.XEtymology: As common basis of the above forms, which show an analogically levelled system, can serve both σκαπ- (with analog. σκαφ- after θάπτω: τάφος, ταφῆναι a. o.) and σκαφ- (with partly phonetical partly anal. σκαπ-). In the first case Italic gives the nearest connection in the relik Lat. scapulae, Umbr. scapla (acc. sg.) `shoulder(blade)', if prop. `shovel' as primary nom. agentis (cf. σκάφαλος above). In the latter case σκάπτω agrees formally to a widespread word for `plane, scratch etc.' in Lat. scăbō, Germ., e.g. OHG scaban, Lith. skabiù ( = σκάπτω; beside this skobiù, skõbti) `scoop out with the chisel, scraper v.t.', to which also Slav., e.g. Russ. skóbelь `plane-iron' etc. (s. W.-Hofmann, Fraenkel and Vasmer s. vv. w. lit.). Also σκάφη, σκάφος a. o. fit better with `plane, scoop out' than with `dig' (Solmsen Wortforsch. 196 ff. w. extensive treatment), without possibility to draw a clear limit. -- If one removes the s- as "movable" and assumes a vocalic variation ē̆: ō̆: ā̆, the etymological field becomes very large. If one goes even a step further and beside ( s)ke \/ o \/ a + p \/ bh- also accepyts a variant skē̆ip \/ b-, and considers that not only the above final consonants, but classifies also the varying vowels as formants or enlargements, we arrive at the `ideal' root sek- `cut etc.' (from which then also come sk-er- and sk-el-). Nobody believes, that such a "systematic" cutting up gives a right pisture of the linguistic processes. Old connections with κόπτω, perh. also with σκέπαρνος (s. vv. w. lit.; to this further still NPers. kāfađ `dig, split') a. cogn. with all kinds of crosses and deviations (!) may be possible, but cannot be demonstrated in detail. -- S. still σκήπτω and σκίπων. -- Frisk's discussion of σκάπτω is hopelessly dated; it refers clearly to Pok. 930 ff.; e.g. we now know that PIE did not have an ablaut e\/a; so the words with -e- must be omitted. I would strike the comparison with Lat. scapula (both for form and meaning). Also Lith. skobiù, skõbti, as Greek has no form with long ā. I think that the forms ( σ)κάπετος (s.v.) may be Pre-Greek, and so the other forms with σκαπ-; as also σκάφαλος and the strange σκαφλεύς. The other forms seem based on * skabh-, as in Lat. scabō and Germ., e.g. OHG scaban. I suggest that this form is a loan of a Eur. substratum.Page in Frisk: 2,718-720Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκάπτω
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6 Λαοδίκεια
Λαοδίκεια, ας, ἡ edd. also Λαοδικεία,-δικία (s. next entry; Strabo 12, 8, 16; ins; SibOr; Mel., HE 4, 26, 3) Laodicea a city in Phrygia (in Asia Minor) on the Lycus R. A large colony of Jews resided there (Jos., Ant. 14, 241ff; Schürer III 27; 116, 37), and Christianity took root at an early date. Col 2:1; 4:13, 15f. Subscr. of 1 and 2 Ti v.l.; Rv 1:11; 3:14.—CB I/1, 32ff; 341f; I/2, 512; 542ff; Lghtf., Col 1ff; VSchultze, Altchristliche Städte II/1, 1922, 384ff, 435ff.—Paul wrote a letter to the congregation at Laodicea, Col 4:16. S. Harnack, D. Adresse des Eph des Pls: SBBerlAk 1910, 696–709; Goodsp., Introd. to the NT, ’37, 114–24; CAnderson, JBL 85, ’66, 436–40; CHemer, The Letters to the Seven Churches in Their Local Settings ’89 (’86), 178–209; also in New Docs 3, ’83, 56–58; Pauly-W. XII 713ff; DACL VIII 1321ff. BHHW II 1049; PECS 481–82.
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