largītiō

largītĭo, ōnis, f. [largior], a giving freely, a granting, bestowing, dispensing, distributing, imparting.

Lit.

In gen. (class.):

largitio, quae fit ex re familiari, fontem ipsum benignitatis exhaurit,

Cic. Off. 2, 15, 52:

largitione redemit militum voluntates,

Caes. B. C. 1, 39 fin.:

his pauca ad spem largitionis addidit,

id. ib. 2, 28:

maximas largitiones fecit,

id. ib. 3, 31:

largitio et communicatio civitatis,

a granting, Cic. Balb. 13, 31:

aequitatis,

a distributing, dispensing, id. Mur. 20, 41.—Prov.:

largitio fundum non habet,

there is no end of giving, Cic. Off. 2, 15, 55; v. fundus.—

In partic., in a bad sense.

Bribery, corruption, esp. to obtain a public office:

liberalitatem ac benignitatem ab ambitu atque largitione sejungere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 25, 55:

tribum turpi largitione corrumpere,

id. Planc. 15, 37:

tribus largitione devinctas habere,

id. ib.:

perniciosa,

id. Mur. 37, 80:

profusissima,

Suet. Caes. 13:

nullum largitionis genus omisit,

id. ib. 26.—

Profusion, prodigality:

nullius rei, minime beneficiorum, honesta largitio est,

Sen. Ben. 1, 2, 1.—

Meton., concr., largitiones, the imperial treasury, public chest, or imperial fund for presents and distributions, Eutr. 8, 13; Cod. Just. 7, 62, 21;

both sacrae (for public or state purposes) and privatae (for personal outlay),

id. 10, 23, 2; Cod. Th. 12, 6, 13.

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bĕnignĭtas, ātis, f. [benignus], the quality of one benignus, an affable, kind bearing to others.

Of feeling or external conduct, kindness, friendliness, courtesy, benevolence, benignity:

si ad vortendum huc animum adest benignitas,

Plaut. Merc. prol. 11:

justitia, cui sunt adjunctae pietas, bonitas, liberalitas, benignitas, comitas, quaeque sunt generis ejusdem,

Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 65:

etsi me attentissimis animis summā cum benignitate auditis,

id. Sest. 13, 31; id. Caecin. 3, 9; id. Dom. 14, 32; id. Verr. 2, 3, 83, § 191; id. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:

benignitas animi,

Tac. H. 2, 30; Dig. 48, 19, 11; 1, 3, 25.—

Of deeds, kindness, liberality, bounty, favor:

num solus ille dona dat? nunc ubi meam Benignitatem sensisti in te claudier?

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 84 (intellegit se et dona obtulisse, et id benigne saepe fecisse, Don.); Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 80:

illa quanta benignitas naturae, quod tam multa ad vescendum, tam varia, tamque jucunda gignit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 131:

largitio, quae fit ex re familiari, fontem ipsum benignitatis exhaurit. Ita benignitate benignitas tollitur,

id. Off. 2, 15, 52; 2, 15, 54:

ne benignitas major esset quam facultates,

id. ib. 1, 14, 44:

amicorum benignitas exhausta est in eā re,

id. Att. 4, 2, 7:

(Volumnius) benignitatem per se gratam comitate adjuvabat,

Liv. 9, 42, 5: satis superque me benignitas tua Ditavit, *Hor. Epod. 1, 31; August. ap. Suet. Aug. 71:

benignitate deūm fractae hostium vires,

Tac. H. 4, 85; id. A. 14, 6.— In plur.:

vides, benignitates hominum ut periere,

Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 54.—

Lenity, mercy:

severitas legum cum aliquo temperamento benignitatis,

Dig. 48, 19, 11 pr.; 1, 3, 25.

commūnĭcātĭo, ōnis, f. [communico] (several times in Cic., elsewh. rare), a making common, imparting, communicating.

In gen.:

largitio et communicatio civitatis,

Cic. Balb. 13, 31:

quaedam societas et communicatio utilitatum,

id. Fin. 5, 23, 65:

consilii,

id. Fam. 5, 19, 2:

sermonis,

id. Att. 1, 17, 6: criminis cum pluribus, Tiro ap. Gell. 7, 3, 14:

nominum,

i. e. the like appellation of several objects, Plin. 24, 14, 80, § 129:

juris,

Dig. 23, 2, 1:

damni,

ib. 27, 3, 1, § 14.—

In rhet., a figure of speech, = anakoinôsis, in accordance with which one turns to his hearers, and, as it were, allows them to take part in the inquiry, Cic. de Or. 3, 53, 204; Quint. 9, 1, 30; 9, 2, 20 and 23.

dōs, ōtis ( gen. plur. dotium, Dig. 23, 3, 9, § 1 al.;

dotum,

Val. Max. 4, 4, 11; Tert. Cult. Fem. 2, 9), f. [1. do, like the Sicilian dôtinê, from didonai, Varr. L. L. 5, § 175 Müll.], a marriage portion, dowry (for syn. cf.: donum, largitio, munus, donatio, etc.).

Prop., Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 209; id. Ep. 2, 1, 11 [p. 612] et saep.; Ter. And. 5, 4, 47; id. Heaut. 5, 1, 64 sq. al.; Cic. Caecin. 25 fin.; id. Fl. 35; id. Att. 14, 13, 5; Caes. B. G. 6, 19, 1; Hor. S. 1, 2, 131; id. Ep. 1, 6, 36 et saep.—Cf. on the legal regulations respecting the dos and the t. t. used in them (dotis datio, dictio, promissio, etc.), Cod. Just. 5, 12; Dig. 23, 3 tit.:

De jure dotium,

Just. Inst. 2, 7, 3; Cod. Just. 5, 15: De dote cauta, non numerata; id. 5, 11: De dotis promissione et nuda pollicitatione; Dig. 33, 4 tit.: De dote praelegata; ib. 37, 7: De dotis collatione; cf. Rein's Privatr. p. 194 sq. —

Transf., a gift, endowment, talent, property, quality (freq. since the Aug. per.; cf.:

indoles, ingenium, facultates, virtutes): (juris civilis) artem verborum dote locupletasti,

Cic. de Or. 1, 55:

vinearum (pedamenta, vimina),

Col. 4, 30, 1; cf.

praediorum,

Dig. 33, 7, 2; ib. 20, § 3:

magnae uvarum,

Col. 3, 2, 17; cf.:

omnis unionum,

Plin. 9, 35, 56, § 112:

mulsi,

id. 22, 24, 50, § 108:

aquatilium,

id. 32, 11, 53, § 142:

formae,

Ov. M. 9, 717; cf.

oris,

id. ib. 5, 562:

corporis,

id. ib. 583:

ingenii (opp. bona corporis),

id. A. A. 2, 112; so Curt. 3, 6, 20:

corporis,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 3:

corporis animique dotes,

Suet. Tit. 3; cf.:

naturae fortunaeque,

Plin. Ep. 3, 3, 4:

omnes belli et togae,

Vell. 1, 12, 3 et saep.: silvarum dotes, the delights, i. e. the chase, Grat. Cyn. 252:

est quoque carminibus meritas celebrare puellas Dos mea,

my gift, Ov. Am. 1, 10, 60:

infelix perii dotibus ipse meis,

id. Pont. 2, 7, 48:

dos erat ille (sc. Phaon) loci,

the ornament, id. H. 15, 146:

teneritas in dote (est),

is highly prized, Plin. 19, 8, 41, § 141.

fāmōsus, a, um, adj. [fama], much talked of (well or ill), i. e. famed, celebrated.

In a good sense, famous, renowned (not ante-Aug.):

famosae mortis amor,

Hor. A. P. 469:

mors Junii Blaesi,

Tac. H. 3, 38:

vir secundis adversisque juxta famosus,

id. ib. 1, 10:

urbs (Hierosolyma),

id. ib. 5, 2 init.:

equi,

Suet. Calig. 19:

victoria,

Flor. 3, 7, 6 Duk.; App. M. 11, p. 267:

causa (with pulchra),

Plin. Ep. 6, 23, 1; 2, 11, 1; 9, 13, 11.— Sup.:

templum,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 2, 23.—

In a bad sense.

Infamous, notorious (class.): qui etiam me miserum famosum facit flagitiis suis, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 305, 28: me ad famosas vetuit mater accedere, i. e. meretrices, Poët. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 68, 277; cf. Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 306, 5 (Rep. 4, 6 ed. Mos.):

famosam veneficiis Martinam,

Tac. A. 3, 7; Cato ap. Gell. 9, 12, 7; cf.: et formosus homo fuit et famosus, Lucil. ap. Non. 305, 31:

famosa impudensque largitio regis,

Sall. J. 15, 5:

Hymen,

Ov. H. 9, 134 al. —Esp. law t. t., without reputation, Cod. 5, 40, 9; cf. infamia.—

Transf., actively, defamatory, slanderous, scandalous (perh. not ante-Aug.):

cognitionem de famosis libellis tractavit,

libels, Tac. A. 1, 72:

probris,

id. ib. 11, 25:

delationibus,

id. ib. 4, 41; so,

libelli,

Suet. Aug. 55; cf.:

de injuriis et libellis famosis,

Dig. 46, tit. 10; Cod. Th. 9, 34, 7; Cod. Just. 9, 36, 1:

carmen,

a lampoon, pasquinade, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 31:

epigrammata,

Suet. Caes. 73.— Sup., App. Mag. p. 324; Spart. Hadr. 15.— Adv.: fāmōse (acc. to I.), with fame or glory (post-class. and very rare), Aur. Vict. Caes. 20 med.—Comp.:

morbum famosius curare,

Tert. adv. Marc. 1, 22.

frūmentārĭus, a, um, adj. [id.], of or belonging to corn, corn-; milit., of or belonging to provisions, provision-:

ager,

Varr. R. R. 1, 11, 2; cf.

campus,

id. ib. 1, 7, 9:

res,

corn, provisions, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 5, § 11; Caes. B. G. 1, 23, 1; 1, 37 fin. et saep.:

loca,

i. e. abounding in corn, id. ib. 1, 10, 2; cf.

provinciae,

id. B. C. 3, 73, 3; Cic. Att. 9, 9, 2:

navis,

a provision-ship, store-ship, Caes. B. C. 3, 96, 4:

lex,

respecting the distribution of grain at low rates, Cic. Tusc. 3, 20, 48; id. Sest. 48, 103; id. Brut. 62, 222; cf.:

magna largitio C. Gracchi,

id. Off. 2, 21, 72:

causa,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 5, § 10:

lucra,

id. ib. 2, 3, 37, §

85: negotiatores,

corn-dealers, Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 175:

mensores,

corn-measurers, Dig. 31, 1, 87.—

Subst.: frūmentāri-us, ii, m.

A corn-dealer:

frumentarii, quibus cunctis montes maxumi frumenti sunt structi domi,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 54; Cic. Off. 3, 13, 57; 3, 16, 67; Liv. 4, 12, 10; 4, 15, 6 al. In the time of the emperors employed as a secret spy, Spart. Hadr. 11; Aur. Vict. Caes. 39 fin.; Capitol. Max. et Balb. 10, 3.—

Milit., a purveyor of corn, commissary of the stores, victualler, Hirt. B. G. 8, 35, 4; Inscr. Orell. 3491; 3515; 4922; cf. frumentator.

fundus, i, m. [Sanscr. budh-nas, ground; Gr. puthmên, pundax; O. H. Germ. Bodam; Germ. Boden; v. fodio], the bottom of any thing (class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

armarii fundum exsecuit,

the bottom of the chest, Cic. Clu. 64, 179:

ollae,

Plin. 15, 17, 18, § 60:

scyphi,

Dig. 41, 1, 26:

(Aetna) fundo exaestuat imo,

from the lowest bottom, Verg. A. 3, 577; cf.:

imo Nereus ciet aequora fundo,

id. ib. 2, 419:

amnis fundo carens,

Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 122:

maris,

Vulg. Judith, 5, 12:

calicis,

id. Isa. 51, 17.—Prov.:

largitio fundum non habet,

there is no end of giving, Cic. Off. 2, 15, 55.—

Transf. (pars pro toto), a cup:

hi duo longaevo censentur Nestore fundi,

Mart. 8, 6, 9.—

In partic., a piece of land, a farm, estate (syn.: praedium, villa): fundi appellatione omne aedificium et omnis ager continetur; sed in usu urbana aedificia aedes, rustica villae dicuntur;

locus vero sine aedificio in urbe area, rure autem ager appellatur: idemque ager cum aedificio fundus dicitur,

Dig. 50, 16, 211; Cic. Agr. 3, 2 fin.:

cum inprobata sit eorum sententia qui putaverint furtivum fundum fieri posse,

Gai. Inst. 2, 51; cf.: non hominum tantum neque rerum moventium... sed fundi quoque et aedium fieri furtum, Masur. Sab. ap. Gell. 11, 18, 13:

cui nostrum non licet fundos nostros obire?

Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 249:

nunquam tam mane egredior, quin te in fundo conspicer fodere,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 16; Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 224; Cic. Caecin. 36, 104; id. Verr. 2, 3, 50, § 119; id. Fam. 13, 69, 2; [p. 794] Quint. 4, 2, 131:

dulcia poma feret cultus tibi fundus,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 13 et saep.:

euge, fundi et aedes, per tempus subvenistis mihi,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 84; cf.:

si quidem habes fundum atque aedis,

id. ib. 1, 2, 75:

nostri fundi calamitas,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 34:

quasi non fundis exornatae multae incedant per vias,

i. e. with the price of a farm, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 42:

unumne fundum pulcherrimum populi Romani, disperire patiemini?

Cic. Agr. 2, 29, 80:

nunc is nobis fundus est, i. e. ex quo fructus capiamus,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 15 Spengel ad loc.—

Prov.: fundum alienum arat, incultum familiarem deserit,

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 24.—

Trop.

In gen.: fluxas Phrygiae res vertere fundo, i. e. from its foundation, = funditus, Verg. A. 10, 88:

cenae,

the principal dish, Gell. 17, 8, 2.—

In partic., publicists' t. t., qs. one who lays the foundation for the decision of a thing, one that approves a thing or ratifies it, the approver (syn. auctor): fundus dicitur populus esse rei, quam alienat, hoc est auctor, Paul. ex Fest. p. 89 Müll.:

non ut hujus sententiae legisque fundus fierem,

Gell. 19, 8, 12:

negat ex foederato populo quemquam potuisse, nisi is populus fundus factus esset, in hanc civitatem venire, etc.,

Cic. Balb. 8, 19 (where Cicero gives to this legal principle another meaning); cf.:

quid enim potuit dici imperitius quam foederatos populos fieri fundos oportere?

id. ib. 8, 20; 11, 27;

18, 42: municipes sunt cives Romani ex municipiis, legibus suis et suo jure utentes... neque ulla populi Romani lege astricti, nisi populus eorum fundus factus est,

Gell. 16, 13, 6.—

Transf. (ante- and post-class., and rare):

ut, quae cum ejus filio egi, ei rei fundus pater sit potior,

may officially confirm, Plaut. Trin. 5, 1, 7; cf. Gell. 19, 8, 12; and Paul. ex Fest. p. 89 Müll. supra.

in-consultus, a, um, adj.

Not consulted, unasked (so perh. not in Cic.):

inconsulto senatu,

Liv. 36, 36, 2; so,

inconsulto se,

Suet. Tib. 52:

me inconsulto,

Amm. 17, 5, 12; 27, 2 fin.; Ambros. Ep. 6, 43; Plin. Ep. 10, 107, 2; Symm. Ep. 4, 8; 5, 18 al.—

Transf., not regarded, not respected:

inconsulta potestate superiore,

Amm. 27, 2, 9:

inconsulta pietate, Cod. Th. 15, 1, 37: inconsulta clementia,

ib. 15, 15, 1. —

Without advice, not advised ( poet.):

inconsulti abeunt, sedemque odere Sibyllae,

Verg. A. 3, 452. —

Unadvised, inconsiderate, indiscreet (class.).

Of persons:

homo inconsultus et temerarius,

Cic. Deiot. 6, 16; Suet. Claud. 15 (with praeceps; opp. circumspectus); Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 15; cf.:

heu rebus servare serenis inconsulta modum (Capua),

Sil. 8, 547. —

Of things:

bene consultum inconsultum est, si id inimicis usui'st,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 6:

ratio,

Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2:

largitio,

Liv. 5, 20, 5:

pavor,

id. 22, 6, 6:

pugna,

id. 22, 44, 7:

aures turbae,

Sen. Ep. 40:

motus,

Gell. 19, 1, 17: aliquem inconsulto calore interficere, in a sudden heat, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 4, 3, 6.— Adv. in two forms.

incon-sultē, unadvisedly, inconsiderately (class.):

inconsulte ac temere dicere,

Cic. N. D. 1, 16, 43:

inconsulte et incaute commissum proelium,

Liv. 4, 37, 8:

temereque vivere,

Sen. Ben. 1:

processerant,

Caes. B. C. 1, 45. Comp.:

inconsultius quam venerat se gessit,

Liv. 41, 10, 5. —

inconsultō: se in periculum mittere, Auct. ad Her. 3, 5, 8:

deleta et inducta,

Dig. 28, 4, 1.

inconsultus, ūs, m. [2. in-consulo], the not advising with another (anteclass.; only in the abl. sing.):

inconsultu meo,

without consulting me, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 130.

ostento, āvi, ātum ( inf. pass. ostentarier, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 129), 1, v. freq. a. [ostendo], to present to view, to show, exhibit (class.).

In gen.:

alicui jugula sua pro capite alicujus,

to present, offer, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 4:

aliquem,

Verg. A. 12, 479:

campos nitentes,

id. ib. 6, 678:

Sidonias opes,

id. ib. 4, 75:

passum capillum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 48:

liberos,

Suet. Aug. 34: quo res sapsa loco sese ostentat, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 325 Müll. (Ann. v. 372 Vahl.).—

In partic.

To show off with vanity or boastfulness, to display, make a display of, boast of, vaunt:

amorem tibi meum,

Cic. Fam. 10, 3, 4:

quid me ostentem,

why should I make a display of myself? id. ib. 1, 4, 3:

et prae se ferre,

id. Att. 2, 23, 3:

memoriae ostentandae causā,

Auct. Her. 2, 30, 47: clientelas, Dolabell. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 2:

triumphos suos,

Sall. J. 31, 10:

eum ipsum aliis,

id. ib. 49, 4:

se in aliis rebus,

to exhibit themselves, Cic. Cael. 28, 67:

Ambiorigem ostentant fidei faciundae causā,

Caes. B. G. 5, 41.—

To hold out or up as an example:

desine Tydiden vultuque et murmure nobis Ostentare,

Ov. M. 13, 350.—

To hold out for the purpose of offering or giving; to proffer, promise:

alterā manu fert lapidem, panem ostentat alterā,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 18:

agrum,

Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 78:

praemia,

Sall. J. 66, 1; 89, 1; cf.:

praemia modo, modo formidinem,

id. ib. 23, 1:

praedam,

id. ib. 68, 3.—

To hold out in a threatening manner; to threaten, menace:

caedem, servitutem,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 1:

periculum capitis,

id. Clu. 8, 25:

minas,

Liv. 2, 42.—

To show by speech or signs; to indicate, point out, signify, reveal, disclose:

(largitio) verbis ostentari potest, re verā fieri, nisi exhausto aerario, nullo pacto potest,

Cic. Agr. 2, 4, 18:

tibi me istis esse familiarem,

id. Fam. 9, 6, 2:

principem,

to reveal, Plin. Pan. 4, 7.—With rel.-clause: ostentans, quanta eos... invidia maneret showing, declaring, Suet. Caes. 14.