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1 καίω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `kindle', midd. pass. `burn' (Il.).Other forms: Att. κάω, aor. καῦσαι, ep. (also Att. inscr. IG 12, 374, 96; 261) κῆαι, pass. καῆναι (ep. ion.), καυθῆναι, fut. καύσω, perf. κέκαυκα, κέκαυ(σ)μαι (IA.),Derivatives: -1. καῦμα `fire, heat, glow' (Il.) with καυματ-ώδης (Hp., Arist.), - ηρός (Str.), - ίας (Thphr.; of the sun) `burning, glowing', καυματίζω `burn, singe' (NT, Plu., Arr.). - 2. καῦσις ( ἔγκαυσις etc.) `burning' (IA.) with ( ἐγ-, κατα-)καύσιμος `inflamable' (Pl., X.; cf. Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 49f.). - 3. καῦσος m. `causus, bilious remittent fever etc.' (Hp., Arist.), from καῦσαι or rather with σο-suffix (Solmsen Wortforsch. 244, Strömberg Wortstudien 87f., Schwyzer 516); from there καυσία `Macedonian hat against the sun', καύσων `id.', also `heat, hot wind etc.' (LXX, NT, medic.; cf. Leumann Sprache 1, 207 n. 13), καυσώδης `burning, hot' (Hp., Thphr.), καυσόομαι, - όω `have causus, burn: heaten' (medic., NT, pap.) with καύσωμα `heating' (Gal.). - 4. καυ(σ)τήρ m. `burner, burning iron' (Pi., Hp.), f. fen. καυστειρῆς adjunct of μάχης (Il.), καμίνου (Nic.), from *καύστειρα (Schwyzer 474, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 192; note the switching accent); καυτήριον `branding iron, brand' (LXX, D. S., Str.), dimin. καυτηρίδιον (Gal.), denomin. verb καυτηριάζω `brand' (Str., NT). - 5. καύστης m. `heater etc.' (pap.). - 6. καύστρᾱ f. `place where corpses were burnt' (Str., inscr.). - 7. καυστικός, rare καυτ- `burning, inflamable' (Arist.). - 8. καυθμός `scorching (of trees), firewood' (Thphr., pap.). - Of the compp., e. g. ἔγκαυ-μα, - σις, -( σ)τής, - στήριον, - στον (\> Lat. encaustum; the red purple with which the Roman emperors signed, from where Fr. encre); ὑπόκαυ-σις, - στης, - στήριον, -στρᾱ a. u. - Beside these formations there are older ones, of which the connection with καίω became less clear because of phonetic developments: κᾶλον `wood', κηλέος `burning, blazing', κηώδης, κηώεις `smelling', κηυα meaning uncertain; πυρκαιᾱ́, πυρκαίη, adj. - ιός s. vv.Etymology: As καίω may stand for *κάϜ-ι̯ω (from where Att. κά̄ω; Schwyzer 265f.), all forms go back on καυ-, κᾰϜ- except ἔ-κη-α for *ἔ-κηϜ-α (often written with false - ει- in κείαντο etc.; Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 9; Att. κέαντος with metathesis). In *ἔ-κηϜ-α an old fullgrade root aorist is maintained (Schwyzer 745; prob. not from *ἔ-κηυ-σ-α); the full grade also in ep. κηλέος, κηώδης, and in Delph. κηυα, which shows a PGr. κηϜ- beside κᾰϜ-. - Only Baltic gives a possible connection in Lith. kū̃lės `Brandpilze, Flugbrand, Staubbrand des Getreides', kūlé̇ti `brandig werden', Latv. kũla `old, dry, grass of last year' (cf. Fraenkel Wb. s. v.); IE. zero grade kū- (\< * kuH-) beside fullgr. * keh₂us- in ἔ-κηϜ-α, zero grade *kh₂u̯- in *κάϜ-ι̯ω, καῦ-μα. Of course rather unncertain.Page in Frisk: 1,756-757Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καίω
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2 κηλέος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `burning' (Hom., Hes.) only in πυρὶ κηλέῳ (disyll.), verse end except Θ 217 and Ο 74 (here πυρὶ κηλείῳ).Derivatives: περί-κηλος (Od.), κηλόν ξηρόν H. and καυαλέον η καυαλές ὑπὸ Αἰολέων τὸ αἶθος, η κατακεκαυμένον κτλ.Etymology: Because of Delph. κηυα (s. v.; which is quite uncertain) it may stand for *κηϜαλέος ( κηϜαλέον πῦρ orig. at verse end as αἰθόμενον πῦρ a. o.?; Shipp Studies 54); Aeol. κᾰϜαλέος would have diff. ablaut (* keh₂u- beside * kh₂u-?). The form κηλείῳ may have a diff. suffix (Schmid - εος und -ειος 40; diff. Fick: secondary for Aeol. καυαλέῳ); περί-κηλος and καυαλές too are reshapings (after the λο- and ής- adj.). Details in Debrunner IF 23, 21f. and Bechtel Lex. s. v. Cf. Graz Le feu dans l'Il, et l' Od. 116-122. - Further cf. καίω and κηώδης.Page in Frisk: 1,839Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κηλέος
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3 δέχομαι
+ V 13-5-13-18-13=62Gn 4,11; 33,10; 50,17; Ex 32,4; Lv 7,18to receive [τι] Gn 4,11; to accept [τι] Lv 19,7; to take [τι] Ezr 8,30; to accept and forgive [τι] (an injustice) Gn 50,17; to receive [τινα] Dt 32,11; to welcome with, to receive with [τινά τινι] Jdt 3,7οὐ δέξεταί μου τὸ οὖσ; shall my ear not receive?, shall my ear not hear? Jb 4,12; οὐκ ἐδέξασθε παιδείαν you have not received ( accepted) correction Jer 2,30; δεξάσθω τὰ ὦτα ὑμῶν λόγους let your ears receive teaching Jer 9,19*Prv 9,9 τοῦ δέχεσθαι (verb) to receive-⋄לקח for MT ַקח ֶל(subst.) teaching; *Prv 30,1 δεξάμενοςαὐτούς accepting them-ם/קח ⋄לקח for MT (אשׂ)ם/ה קה(י) (Ja)keh of Ma(ssa)?Cf. HARL 1986a, 317(Gn 50,17); HELBING 1928, 53; →NIDNTT; TWNT(→ἀναδέχομαι, ἀποδέχομαι, διαδέχομαι, εἰσδέχομαι, ἐκδέχομαι, ἐνδέχομαι, ἐπιδέχομαι, καταδέχομαι, παραδέχομαι, προσδέχομαι, ὑποδέχομαι,,) -
4 κάπτω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `gulp down' (Hdt., Herod., Com., Arist.).Derivatives: ( ἀνά-)κάψις `swallowing' (Arist.); κάμματα pl. `what is supped up, sacrificial cake' with καμματίδες pl. `laurel leaves, for supping up' (Nicocl. 2); ἔγκαφος `what you have in your mouth' (Eup. 330). - Further κάπη f. `crib' (Θ 434, δ 40, S. Ichn. 8, Lyk. 95), κάπηθεν (Suid.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [527] * keh₂p-?Etymology: The present κάπτω can be identical with Lat. capiō `take' and Germ., e. g. Goth. hafjan ` raise'; but it agrees in use and meaning much better to popular NLG (= NHG) happen `swallow', Dutch happen `snap' (with expressive gemination). They belong to a wide spread root `seize etc.' IE. * kap- (with several variants), orig. onomatop. (cf. Oehl Fangen - Finger - Fünf [Collectanea Friburgensia N. F. 22] 83ff.); Greek κάπτω has a clear popular-expressive character. κάπη `crib' is rather an old free formation than a direct derivation from κάπτω (cf. κώπη, and καπάνα?). - See Pok. 527f., W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. capiō, Bq s. κάπτω.Page in Frisk: 1,783-784Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κάπτω
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5 καυλός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `shaft, stalk, quillpart of a feather' (Il.; on the botan. a. anatom. meaning Strömberg Theophrastea 95ff. und 49).Compounds: Often as 2. member, e. g. μονό-καυλος (Thphr.; Strömberg 104f.), rarely as 1. member, a. o. in καυλο-κινάρα `the shaft of the artichoke' (Gp.; s. Strömberg Wortstudien 7).Derivatives: Two diminut.: καυλίον (Arist.), καυλίσκος (J., D. S., Dsc.); καυλεῖον = καυλός (Nic.; after ἀγγεῖον a. o.); καυλίας `sap of the shaft' (Thphr.; as ῥιζίας `root-sap', cf. Strömberg Theophrastea 91, Chantraine Formation 94f.); καυλίνης fish-name = χλωρὸς κωβιός (Diph. Siph. ap. Ath. 8, 355c; after the colour, Strömberg Fischnamen 26; formation like Αἰσχίνης); καυλικός, καυλώδης `stem-like' (Thphr.), καύλινος `consisting of a shaft' (Luc.), καυλωτός `with a stem' (Eudem. Phil. IVa; as αὑλωτός etc.); καυληδόν `shaft for shaft' (Opp.). Denomin. verb καυλίζομαι `have a shaft' (Ar. Fr. 404). δικαυλέω `have two shafts', ἐκκαυλέω `grow out in one shaft' with ἐκκαύλησις, - ημα, ἐκκαυλίζω `remove the shaft' (Thphr.) from virtual *δι-καυλος, *ἔκ-καυλος etc. and ( καυλέω only Suid.).Etymology: Old inherited word, also in Latin and in Baltic: Lat. caulis m. `shaft' (i-stem sec., s. Leumann Lat. Gramm. 232); Lith. káulas `bone, cube', Latv. kaũls `id.', also `shaft', Pruss. caulan `bone'; derived MIr. cuaille `pole' (\< *kaulīni̯o-). Not to Skt. kulyā́ `ditch, canal' and Germ. word for `hollow, hohl', ONord. holr, Goth. us-hulōn `hollow out'. See W.-Hofmann s. caulis and Fraenkel s. káulas.Page in Frisk: 1,802-803Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καυλός
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6 κεκαφηότα
Grammatical information: ptc.Meaning: The meaning in later authors `exhausted, tired' is also found in Homer ( θυμόν); cf. Nehring ClassPhil. 42, 113ff.Other forms: ptc. perf. act. m. sg. (Ε 698, ε 468); in later Epic (Opp., Nonn.) with γυῖα, δέμας or absolute; alo - ηότας (Nonn.) and - ηότι (θυμῳ̃, ταρσῳ̃; Opp., AP).Etymology: Already Kuhn KZ 1, 137 connected the ind. κέκηφε τέθνηκεν H.; on the ptc. in - ηώς Schwyzer 770, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 428. Further connections are hypothetical: to ἐκάπυσσεν ( ψυχήν Χ 467), ἐγκάπτει ἐκπνεῖ H. etc. (s. καπνός); to κηφήν, κωφός (Bezzenberger BB 5, 313, Solmsen Wortforsch. 123, Bechtel Lex. s. v.).Page in Frisk: 1,812Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κεκαφηότα
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7 κήλη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `tumour; rupture, hernia' (Hp., AP), `hump' (Eup., Arist.);Dialectal forms: Att. κάληCompounds: as 1. member in κηλο-τομία `operation for hernia'; as 2. member in ἐντερο-, σαρκο-κήλη (medic.; Strömberg Wortstudien 69f.).Derivatives: κηλήτης, Att. καλήτης m. `with hernia' (Str., Gal., Phryn.), ( ἐντερο-)-κηλικός (Dsc., Gal.); κάλαμα ὄγκος H. (Chantraine Formation 186f.); denomin. verb καλάζει ὀγκοῦται. Άχαιοί H. On κηλᾶς bird s. v.Etymology: The difference between Ion. κήλη and Att. κάλη (acc. to gramm. α long) is not explained. `Rückverwandlung' of PAtt. η \> ᾱ cannot be accounted for; diff. ablaut-forms: *κᾱϜ-ελ-ᾱ \> κήλη, *κᾰϜ-ελ-ᾱ \> κάλη (Kretschmer KZ 31, 471f. doubting) is not attractive. Then κάλη must be an unattic term (Björck Alpha impurum 70 doubting); there is no proof. - A remarkable agreement gives a Germanic term for `groin rupture', OWNo. haull m., OE hēala m., OHG hōla f., PGm. * haula(n)-, - ō(n); from Slavic territoy we find with the same meaning Csl. kyla, Russ. kilá, also `knag on a tree', with Lith. kū́las `navel-rupture(?)', kū́la `thickening, swelling, knag'. Al forms mentioned can go back on an l-stem *kāu̯el-, kaul-, kūl- (cf. on ἥλιος). - Pok. 536f., W.-Hofmann s. cūlus, Vasmer Wb. s. kilá.Page in Frisk: 1,839-840Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κήλη
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8 κηλίς
κηλίς, - ῖδοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `stin (of blood), spot, defilement' (Trag., Antipho, X., Arist.).Derivatives: κηλιδόω ( καλ- Ekphant. ap. Stob. 4, 7, 64) `stain, soil' (E., Arist., Ph.), κηλιδωτός (Suid., Gloss.). - Besides κηλάς, - άδος f. adjunct of the stormclouds (Thphr.), after H. also = χειμερινη ἡμέρα and αἴξ, ἥτις κατὰ τὸ μέτωπον σημεῖον ἔχει τυλοειδές, so prop. `spotted, sparkled'; also κηλήνη μέλαινα H.Etymology: Formation as κληΐς, κνημίς a. o. (Schwyzer 465, Chantraine Formation 346f.), like these from a noun. Whether κηλάς, κηλήνη go back on this noun is uncertain, as we must reckom with suffix-change and backformation. - An unknown word is the basis of an Italic adjective with comparable meaning Lat. cālidus `with a bless on the head' = Umbr. ( buf) kaleřuf `boves calidos' (like candidus, nitidus). To the same semantic sphere also Lith. kalýbas, -ývas `white-necked, of dogs' (with short vowel); further OIr. caile `stain' (IE. *kali̯o-). Semantically further off is Lat. cālīgō `fog, darkness', which Ernout-Meillet keep away. (Away remain Skt. kāla- `(blue)black', kalmaṣa- `spot, soil' (prob. LW [loanword], s. Mayrhofer KEWA s. vv.). Not here κελαινός with deviating vowel and peculiar formation. - Details in Pok. 547f., W.-Hofmann s. (2.) callidus and cālīgō, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. kalýbas, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. kal. Note that the suffix -ῑδ- is prob. Pre-GreekPage in Frisk: 1,840-841Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κηλίς
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9 κηφήν
κηφήν, - ῆνοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `drone', often metaphor. `lazy vagabond' (Hes.), also by the Anatolian Greeks used for the Asiatic peoples, e. g. the Persians (Hdt. 7, 61), as Russ. etc. Némĭci "the Dumb" as name for the Germans.Other forms: καφάν H.Derivatives: Diminutivum κηφήνιον (Arist.) and κηφηνώδης `drone-like' (Pl.). - Further Κηφεύς (Hdt.) and several other short names as Κῆφις, Κᾶφις, Κάφων, Καφώ, s. Solmsen Wortforsch. 123f.; diff. Bechtel Lex. s. κεκαφηώς.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Substantivization in - ήν, - άν of an adjective *κηφός, *κᾱφός? This may also be the basis of the PN Κηφεύς (wrong Bosshardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 133f.) and with ablaut to κωφός `dumb, deaf' ( keh₂bh-, * koh₂bh-)? Further analysis and connection uncertain; cf. on κεκαφηότα. - Lat. hebes `dumb' cannot belong here because of the vocalism (IE. ĕ against ā, ō in καφάν, κωφός), unless one separates Κᾶφις etc. and considers καφάν as a false Dorisation. Older combinations in Bq. I think there is no reason to do so (Chantr.notes that ā\/ōis rare in Greek) and rather thinks that the insect name is a Pre-Greek word. Note that a word in -ᾱν is rare.Page in Frisk: 1,847Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κηφήν
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10 κῶας
Grammatical information: n., pl.Meaning: `weak, hairy skin, fleece' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Myc. kowo \/kōwos\/.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Without certain etymology. Acc. to Bq from long grade *κῶϜας, IE. * kōuǝs- (as γῆρας; Schwyzer 349) from the s. κύτος discussed group `cover, conceal', IE. ( s)keu-; incorrect; doubts in WP. 2, 547 and Pok. 951. Not (with Curtius and Prellwitz) to κεῖμαι. - A full grade is what we expect, which would give *koHu̯-H-s or *keh₃u̯-h₂-s, which is rather strange; the inflection - ας, - ε- is also unusual: the -e- would fit with the Myc. nom., but then - ας is strange; it rather seems that a strange, i.e. Pre-Greek, word was adapted to Greek; so prob. the word is Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,59Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κῶας
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11 κωφός
Grammatical information: adj.Compounds: Compp., e.g. ὑπό-κωφος `hardhearing' (IA.).Derivatives: κωφότης `deafness' (IA.), κωφεύς `deaf man' (Call.), κωφίας m. kind of snake = τυφλίας (Ael., H.); κωφεύω `be silent' (LXX), κωφάομαι, - άω `get blunt etc., resp. make' (Clearch., Opp.), κωφῆσαι κολοῦσαι, κώφησις κόλουσις H.; κωφόομαι, - όω `get silent, deaf, make' with κώφωμα, - ωσις (Hp.).Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably]Etymology: Connected with κηφήν, κεκαφηότα; s. vv; would be * keh₂bʰ-, koh₂bʰ-, kh₂bʰ- if IE, but there is no IE comparandum.Page in Frisk: 2,64Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κωφός
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