Перевод: со всех языков на английский

с английского на все языки

it's+the+basic+model

  • 1 modelo

    adj.
    model.
    f. & m.
    model (person).
    m.
    1 model.
    tengo una bicicleta último modelo I have the latest-model bicycle
    modelo económico economic model
    modelo a escala scale model
    modelo matemático mathematical model
    modelo reducido scale model
    2 number.
    3 fashion model, mannequin, model.
    4 benchmark.
    5 item of clothing.
    6 template.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: modelar.
    * * *
    1 model
    1 (persona) (fashion) model
    1 (patrón) model
    2 (diseño) model
    3 (traje) number
    \
    desfile de modelos fashion show
    * * *
    1. noun m.
    example, model, pattern
    2. noun mf.
    * * *
    1. SM
    1) (=tipo) model
    2) (=ejemplo)

    modelo de vida — lifestyle, way of life

    3) (=patrón) pattern; [para hacer punto] pattern
    4) (=prenda) model, design
    2.
    SMF (Arte, Fot, Moda) model

    servir de modelo a un pintor — to sit o pose for a painter

    modelo de alta costura — fashion model, haute couture model

    3.
    ADJ INV (=ejemplar) model, exemplary
    * * *
    I
    adjetivo invariable
    a) <niño/estudiante> model (before n); <comportamiento/carácter> exemplary

    visité la casa modelo — I visited the model home (AmE) o (BrE) the showhouse

    II
    1)
    a) ( ejemplo) model

    tomar/utilizar algo como modelo — to take/use something as a model

    b) (muestra, prototipo) model

    modelo en or a escala — scale model

    2) (tipo, diseño) model
    3) (Indum) design

    llegó con un nuevo modelito — (fam) she arrived wearing a new little number

    III
    masculino y femenino model
    * * *
    = mock-up, model, pattern, specimen, template, paragon, setter, standard setter, style sheet, beacon, exemplary, benchmark, benchmark.
    Nota: Pruebas a las que se somete un producto para determinar sus tiempos de respuesta con respecto a ciertas operaciones.
    Ex. A mock-up is a representation of a device or process that may be modified for training or analysis to emphasize a particular part or function; it usually has movable parts that can be manipulated.
    Ex. The most satisfactory solution is to use an author abstract as a model, but to submit any author abstracts to thorough editing and checking.
    Ex. In the same way that citation orders may have more or less theoretical foundations, equally reference generation may follow a predetermined pattern.
    Ex. An object is a tree-dimensional artefact (or replica of an artefact) or a specimen of a naturally occurring entity.
    Ex. The <F5> Original Input function provides an empty MARC record template for the creation of an original record.
    Ex. Endowed with the gift of being able to both listen and question, this paragon always is ready to meet the public without losing balance or a sense of humor.
    Ex. Accordingly, the role of librarian as pointer and setter must be tagged as obsolete.
    Ex. Some producers of media materials are emerging as familiar and reliable names -- market leaders and standard setters -- with products as well known as those of the major book publishers = Están surgiendo algunos productores de material multimedia que se han convertido en nombres familiares y de confianza (líderes y modelos del mercado) con productos tan bien conocidos como los de los principales editores de libros.
    Ex. A style sheet is essentially a template that can be used to create a consistent appearance across documents.
    Ex. The British Library has recently been described as a ' beacon of excellence'.
    Ex. PRECIS provides an exemplary illustration of the association and common ground between alphabetical indexing and classification.
    Ex. Existing wireline networks, with their ubiquity, seamless operations, and ease of use, have provided clear benchmarks for satisfying customers' basic personal communications needs.
    Ex. Benchmarks are the times taken to carry out a set of standard operations and they are comparable to the government fuel consumption figures for cars.
    ----
    * adoptar un modelo = embrace + model.
    * carta modelo = model letter.
    * confeccionar utilizando un modelo = model.
    * conjunto de modelos = model base.
    * creación de modelos = modelling [modeling, -USA].
    * desfile de modelos = designer ramp show, fashion show, catwalk show.
    * ejemplos modelo = lessons learned [lessons learnt].
    * el registro modelo = record-of-record.
    * ficha modelo = form.
    * método basado en modelos = modelling approach [modeling approach, -USA].
    * modelo a imitar = role modelling, role model.
    * modelo de análisis de costes = cost model.
    * modelo de citación = citation behaviour.
    * modelo de distribución probabilística = probability distribution model.
    * modelo de funcionamiento = business model.
    * modelo de lógica difusa = fuzzy model.
    * modelo de organización = organisational scheme.
    * modelo de predicción = prediction model.
    * modelo de recuperación de información por coincidencia óptima = best match model.
    * modelo de referencia = reference model.
    * modelo de test = test design.
    * modelo de topless = topless model.
    * modelo de trabajo = working model, business model.
    * modelo económico = economic model.
    * modelo ejemplar = exemplar, exemplary model, exemplary model.
    * modelo empresarial = business model.
    * modelo en su clase = showpiece.
    * modelo en su género = showpiece.
    * modelo estocástico = stochastic model.
    * modelo informático = computer model.
    * modelo matemático = mathematical model.
    * modelo organizativo = organisational model.
    * modelo por ordenador = computer model.
    * modelo probabilístico = probabilistic model.
    * modelos = modelling approach [modeling approach, -USA].
    * modelos a seguir = best practices, lessons learned [lessons learnt].
    * modelo teórico para la toma de decisiones = decision-theoretic model.
    * número de modelo = model number.
    * pase de modelos = designer ramp show.
    * reconocimiento de modelos = pattern recognition.
    * seguir como modelo = pattern.
    * seguir un modelo = embrace + model, conform to + image.
    * servir de modelo = serve as + a model.
    * simulación mediante modelos = simulation modelling.
    * tomar como modelo = pattern.
    * usar como modelo = use + as a model.
    * * *
    I
    adjetivo invariable
    a) <niño/estudiante> model (before n); <comportamiento/carácter> exemplary

    visité la casa modelo — I visited the model home (AmE) o (BrE) the showhouse

    II
    1)
    a) ( ejemplo) model

    tomar/utilizar algo como modelo — to take/use something as a model

    b) (muestra, prototipo) model

    modelo en or a escala — scale model

    2) (tipo, diseño) model
    3) (Indum) design

    llegó con un nuevo modelito — (fam) she arrived wearing a new little number

    III
    masculino y femenino model
    * * *
    = mock-up, model, pattern, specimen, template, paragon, setter, standard setter, style sheet, beacon, exemplary, benchmark, benchmark.
    Nota: Pruebas a las que se somete un producto para determinar sus tiempos de respuesta con respecto a ciertas operaciones.

    Ex: A mock-up is a representation of a device or process that may be modified for training or analysis to emphasize a particular part or function; it usually has movable parts that can be manipulated.

    Ex: The most satisfactory solution is to use an author abstract as a model, but to submit any author abstracts to thorough editing and checking.
    Ex: In the same way that citation orders may have more or less theoretical foundations, equally reference generation may follow a predetermined pattern.
    Ex: An object is a tree-dimensional artefact (or replica of an artefact) or a specimen of a naturally occurring entity.
    Ex: The <F5> Original Input function provides an empty MARC record template for the creation of an original record.
    Ex: Endowed with the gift of being able to both listen and question, this paragon always is ready to meet the public without losing balance or a sense of humor.
    Ex: Accordingly, the role of librarian as pointer and setter must be tagged as obsolete.
    Ex: Some producers of media materials are emerging as familiar and reliable names -- market leaders and standard setters -- with products as well known as those of the major book publishers = Están surgiendo algunos productores de material multimedia que se han convertido en nombres familiares y de confianza (líderes y modelos del mercado) con productos tan bien conocidos como los de los principales editores de libros.
    Ex: A style sheet is essentially a template that can be used to create a consistent appearance across documents.
    Ex: The British Library has recently been described as a ' beacon of excellence'.
    Ex: PRECIS provides an exemplary illustration of the association and common ground between alphabetical indexing and classification.
    Ex: Existing wireline networks, with their ubiquity, seamless operations, and ease of use, have provided clear benchmarks for satisfying customers' basic personal communications needs.
    Ex: Benchmarks are the times taken to carry out a set of standard operations and they are comparable to the government fuel consumption figures for cars.
    * adoptar un modelo = embrace + model.
    * carta modelo = model letter.
    * confeccionar utilizando un modelo = model.
    * conjunto de modelos = model base.
    * creación de modelos = modelling [modeling, -USA].
    * desfile de modelos = designer ramp show, fashion show, catwalk show.
    * ejemplos modelo = lessons learned [lessons learnt].
    * el registro modelo = record-of-record.
    * ficha modelo = form.
    * método basado en modelos = modelling approach [modeling approach, -USA].
    * modelo a imitar = role modelling, role model.
    * modelo de análisis de costes = cost model.
    * modelo de citación = citation behaviour.
    * modelo de distribución probabilística = probability distribution model.
    * modelo de funcionamiento = business model.
    * modelo de lógica difusa = fuzzy model.
    * modelo de organización = organisational scheme.
    * modelo de predicción = prediction model.
    * modelo de recuperación de información por coincidencia óptima = best match model.
    * modelo de referencia = reference model.
    * modelo de test = test design.
    * modelo de topless = topless model.
    * modelo de trabajo = working model, business model.
    * modelo económico = economic model.
    * modelo ejemplar = exemplar, exemplary model, exemplary model.
    * modelo empresarial = business model.
    * modelo en su clase = showpiece.
    * modelo en su género = showpiece.
    * modelo estocástico = stochastic model.
    * modelo informático = computer model.
    * modelo matemático = mathematical model.
    * modelo organizativo = organisational model.
    * modelo por ordenador = computer model.
    * modelo probabilístico = probabilistic model.
    * modelos = modelling approach [modeling approach, -USA].
    * modelos a seguir = best practices, lessons learned [lessons learnt].
    * modelo teórico para la toma de decisiones = decision-theoretic model.
    * número de modelo = model number.
    * pase de modelos = designer ramp show.
    * reconocimiento de modelos = pattern recognition.
    * seguir como modelo = pattern.
    * seguir un modelo = embrace + model, conform to + image.
    * servir de modelo = serve as + a model.
    * simulación mediante modelos = simulation modelling.
    * tomar como modelo = pattern.
    * usar como modelo = use + as a model.

    * * *
    model ( before n)
    un marido/estudiante modelo a model husband/student
    visitaron la casa modelo they visited the showhouse
    A
    1 (ejemplo) model
    su conducta es un modelo para todos her conduct is an example to us all
    tomaron el sistema francés como modelo they used the French system as a model, they modeled their system on the French one
    copiaron el modelo cubano they copied the Cuban model
    2 (muestra, prototipo) model
    el modelo se reproducirá en bronce the model will be reproduced in bronze
    modelo en or a escala scale model
    Compuestos:
    economic model
    mathematical model
    B (tipo, diseño) model
    el modelo de lujo the deluxe model
    C ( Indum) model
    modelos exclusivos de las mejores boutiques exclusive designs from the best boutiques
    hoy se ha venido con un nuevo modelito ( fam); she arrived wearing a new little number today
    un sombrero último modelo the (very) latest in hats
    un modelo de Franelli a Franelli, a Franelli design
    Gloria luce un modelo de talle bajo realizado en lino Gloria is wearing a drop-waisted design in linen
    1 (maniquí) model
    modelo de alta costura an haute couture model
    desfile de modelos fashion show
    * * *

     

    Del verbo modelar: ( conjugate modelar)

    modelo es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    modeló es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

    Multiple Entries:
    modelar    
    modelo
    modelar ( conjugate modelar) verbo transitivo (Art) ‹ arcilla› to model;
    ‹estatua/figura› to model, sculpt;
    ‹ carácter› to mold( conjugate mold)
    verbo intransitivo
    1 (Art) to model
    2 (Andes) (para fotos, desfiles) to model
    modelo adjetivo invariable
    a) ‹niño/estudiante› model ( before n);

    ‹comportamiento/carácter› exemplary
    b) ( de muestra):

    ◊ visité la casa modelo I visited the model home (AmE) o (BrE) the showhouse

    ■ sustantivo masculino
    1 ( en general) model;
    ◊ tomar/utilizar algo como modelo to take/use sth as a model;

    tomó a su padre como modelo he followed his father's example;
    modelo en or a escala scale model
    2 (Indum) design;

    llegó con un nuevo modelito (fam) she arrived wearing a new little number
    ■ sustantivo masculino y femenino
    model;

    modelar verbo transitivo to model, shape
    modelo
    I adj inv & sustantivo masculino model
    II mf (fashion) model

    ' modelo' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    cara
    - desarrollar
    - ideal
    - maqueta
    - mod.
    - patrón
    - patrona
    - plantilla
    - prototipo
    - representar
    - sacar
    - tipo
    - común
    - desfilar
    - hechura
    - lucir
    - velocidad
    - versión
    English:
    employ
    - fashion model
    - full-scale
    - mark
    - model
    - pattern
    - pose
    - regular
    - role model
    - style
    - design
    - liable
    - role
    - state
    * * *
    ♦ adj
    model;
    es un estudiante modelo he is a model student
    ♦ nmf
    1. [de moda] model;
    desfile de modelos fashion show o parade
    2. [de artista] model
    ♦ nm
    1. [diseño] model;
    tengo un modelo anterior I have an older model;
    tengo una bicicleta último modelo I have the latest-model bicycle
    2. [representación a escala] model
    modelo a escala scale model;
    modelo reducido scale model
    3. [prenda de vestir] outfit;
    llevaba un modelo de Versace she was wearing a Versace outfit
    4. [patrón, referencia] model;
    servir de modelo to serve as a model;
    usaré tu carta como modelo I'll use your letter as a model
    5. [teórico] model
    modelo económico economic model;
    modelo matemático mathematical model
    * * *
    I m
    1 ( maqueta) model
    2 ( ejemplo) model, example
    II m/f persona model
    * * *
    modelo adj
    : model
    una casa modelo: a model home
    modelo nm
    : model, example, pattern
    modelo nmf
    : model, mannequin
    * * *
    modelo adj n model

    Spanish-English dictionary > modelo

  • 2 БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

    Мы приняли следующие сокращения для наиболее часто упоминаемых книг и журналов:
    IJP - International Journal of Psycho-analysis
    JAPA - Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
    SE - Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, ed. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1953—74.)
    PSOC - Psychoanalytic Study of the Child (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    PQ - Psychoanalytic Quarterly
    WAF - The Writings of Anna Freud, ed. Anna Freud (New York: International Universities Press, 1966—74)
    PMC - Psychoanalysis The Major Concepts ed. Burness E. Moore and Bernard D. Fine (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    \
    О словаре: _about - Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts
    \
    1. Abend, S. M. Identity. PMC. Forthcoming.
    2. Abend, S. M. (1974) Problems of identity. PQ, 43.
    3. Abend, S. M., Porder, M. S. & Willick, M. S. (1983) Borderline Patients. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    4. Abraham, K. (1916) The first pregenital stage of libido. Selected Papers. London, Hogarth Press, 1948.
    5. Abraham, K. (1917) Ejaculatio praecox. In: selected Papers. New York Basic Books.
    6. Abraham, K. (1921) Contributions to the theory of the anal character. Selected Papers. New York: Basic Books, 1953.
    7. Abraham, K. (1924) A Short study of the development of the libido, viewed in the light of mental disorders. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1927.
    8. Abraham, K. (1924) Manic-depressive states and the pre-genital levels of the libido. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1949.
    9. Abraham, K. (1924) Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1948.
    10. Abraham, K. (1924) The influence of oral erotism on character formation. Ibid.
    11. Abraham, K. (1925) The history of an impostor in the light of psychoanalytic knowledge. In: Clinical Papers and Essays on Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books, 1955, vol. 2.
    12. Abrams, S. (1971) The psychoanalytic unconsciousness. In: The Unconscious Today, ed. M. Kanzer. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    13. Abrams, S. (1981) Insight. PSOC, 36.
    14. Abse, D W. (1985) The depressive character In Depressive States and their Treatment, ed. V. Volkan New York: Jason Aronson.
    15. Abse, D. W. (1985) Hysteria and Related Mental Disorders. Bristol: John Wright.
    16. Ackner, B. (1954) Depersonalization. J. Ment. Sci., 100.
    17. Adler, A. (1924) Individual Psychology. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
    18. Akhtar, S. (1984) The syndrome of identity diffusion. Amer. J. Psychiat., 141.
    19. Alexander, F. (1950) Psychosomatic Medicine. New York: Norton.
    20. Allen, D. W. (1974) The Feat- of Looking. Charlottesvill, Va: Univ. Press of Virginia.
    21. Allen, D. W. (1980) Psychoanalytic treatment of the exhibitionist. In: Exhibitionist, Description, Assessment, and Treatment, ed. D. Cox. New York: Garland STPM Press.
    22. Allport, G. (1937) Personality. New York: Henry Holt.
    23. Almansi, R. J. (1960) The face-breast equation. JAPA, 6.
    24. Almansi, R. J. (1979) Scopophilia and object loss. PQ, 47.
    25. Altman, L. Z. (1969) The Dream in Psychoanalysis. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    26. Altman, L. Z. (1977) Some vicissitudes of love. JAPA, 25.
    27. American Psychiatric Association. (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3d ed. revised. Washington, D. C.
    28. Ansbacher, Z. & Ansbacher, R. (1956) The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler. New York: Basic Books.
    29. Anthony, E. J. (1981) Shame, guilt, and the feminine self in psychoanalysis. In: Object and Self, ed. S. Tuttman, C. Kaye & M. Zimmerman. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    30. Arlow. J. A. (1953) Masturbation and symptom formation. JAPA, 1.
    31. Arlow. J. A. (1959) The structure of the deja vu experience. JAPA, 7.
    32. Arlow. J. A. (1961) Ego psychology and the study of mythology. JAPA, 9.
    33. Arlow. J. A. (1963) Conflict, regression and symptom formation. IJP, 44.
    34. Arlow. J. A. (1966) Depersonalization and derealization. In: Psychoanalysis: A General Psychology, ed. R. M. Loewenstein, L. M. Newman, M. Schur & A. J. Solnit. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    35. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Fantasy, memory and reality testing. PQ, 38.
    36. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Unconscious fantasy and disturbances of mental experience. PQ, 38.
    37. Arlow. J. A. (1970) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 51.
    38. Arlow. J. A. (1975) The structural hypothesis. PQ, 44.
    39. Arlow. J. A. (1977) Affects and the psychoanalytic situation. IJP, 58.
    40. Arlow. J. A. (1979) Metaphor and the psychoanalytic situation. PQ, 48.
    41. Arlow. J. A. (1979) The genesis of interpretation. JAPA, 27 (suppl.).
    42. Arlow. J. A. (1982) Problems of the superego concept. PSOC, 37.
    43. Arlow. J. A. (1984) Disturbances of the sense of time. PQ, 53.
    44. Arlow. J. A. (1985) Some technical problems of countertransference. PQ, 54.
    45. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1963) Psychoanalytic Concepts and the Structural Theory, New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    46. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1969) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 50.
    47. Asch, S. S. (1966) Depression. PSOC, 21.
    48. Asch, S. S. (1976) Varieties of negative therapeutic reactions and problems of technique. JAPA, 24.
    49. Atkins, N. (1970) The Oedipus myth. Adolescence, and the succession of generations. JAPA, 18.
    50. Atkinson, J. W. & Birch, D. (1970) The Dynamics of Action. New York: Wiley.
    51. Bachrach, H. M. & Leaff, L. A. (1978) Analyzability. JAPA, 26.
    52. Bacon, C. (1956) A developmental theory of female homosexuality. In: Perversions,ed, S. Lorand & M. Balint. New York: Gramercy.
    53. Bak, R. C. (1953) Fetishism. JAPA. 1.
    54. Bak, R. C. (1968) The phallic woman. PSOC, 23.
    55. Bak, R. C. & Stewart, W. A. (1974) Fetishism, transvestism, and voyeurism. An American Handbook of Psychiatry, ed. S. Arieti. New York: Basic Books, vol. 3.
    56. Balint, A. (1949) Love for mother and mother-love. IJP, 30.
    57. Balter, L., Lothane, Z. & Spencer, J. H. (1980) On the analyzing instrument, PQ, 49.
    58. Basch, M. F. (1973) Psychoanalysis and theory formation. Ann. Psychoanal., 1.
    59. Basch, M. F. (1976) The concept of affect. JAPA, 24.
    60. Basch, M. F. (1981) Selfobject disorders and psychoanalytic theory. JAPA, 29.
    61. Basch, M. F. (1983) Emphatic understanding. JAPA. 31.
    62. Balldry, F. Character. PMC. Forthcoming.
    63. Balldry, F. (1983) The evolution of the concept of character in Freud's writings. JAPA. 31.
    64. Begelman, D. A. (1971) Misnaming, metaphors, the medical model and some muddles. Psychiatry, 34.
    65. Behrends, R. S. & Blatt, E. J. (1985) Internalization and psychological development throughout the life cycle. PSOC, 40.
    66. Bell, A. (1961) Some observations on the role of the scrotal sac and testicles JAPA, 9.
    67. Benedeck, T. (1949) The psychosomatic implications of the primary unit. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 19.
    68. Beres, C. (1958) Vicissitudes of superego functions and superego precursors in childhood. FSOC, 13.
    69. Beres, D. Conflict. PMC. Forthcoming.
    70. Beres, D. (1956) Ego deviation and the concept of schizophrenia. PSOC, 11.
    71. Beres, D. (1960) Perception, imagination and reality. IJP, 41.
    72. Beres, D. (1960) The psychoanalytic psychology of imagination. JAPA, 8.
    73. Beres, D. & Joseph, E. D. (1965) Structure and function in psychoanalysis. IJP, 46.
    74. Beres, D. (1970) The concept of mental representation in psychoanalysis. IJP, 51.
    75. Berg, M D. (1977) The externalizing transference. IJP, 58.
    76. Bergeret, J. (1985) Reflection on the scientific responsi bilities of the International Psychoanalytical Association. Memorandum distributed at 34th IPA Congress, Humburg.
    77. Bergman, A. (1978) From mother to the world outside. In: Grolnick et. al. (1978).
    78. Bergmann, M. S. (1980) On the intrapsychic function of falling in love. PQ, 49.
    79. Berliner, B. (1966) Psychodynamics of the depressive character. Psychoanal. Forum, 1.
    80. Bernfeld, S. (1931) Zur Sublimierungslehre. Imago, 17.
    81. Bibring, E. (1937) On the theory of the therapeutic results of psychoanalysis. IJP, 18.
    82. Bibring, E. (1941) The conception of the repetition compulsion. PQ, 12.
    83. Bibring, E. (1953) The mechanism of depression. In: Affective Disorders, ed. P. Greenacre. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    84. Bibring, E. (1954) Psychoanalysis and the dynamic psychotherapies. JAPA, 2.
    85. Binswanger, H. (1963) Positive aspects of the animus. Zьrich: Spring.
    86. Bion Francesca Abingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    87. Bion, W. R. (1952) Croup dynamics. IJP, 33.
    88. Bion, W. R. (1961) Experiences in Groups. London: Tavistock.
    89. Bion, W. R. (1962) A theory of thinking. IJP, 40.
    90. Bion, W. R. (1962) Learning from Experience. London: William Heinemann.
    91. Bion, W. R. (1963) Elements of Psychoanalysis. London: William Heinemann.
    92. Bion, W. R. (1965) Transformations. London: William Heinemann.
    93. Bion, W. R. (1970) Attention and Interpretation. London: Tavistock.
    94. Bion, W. R. (1985) All My Sins Remembered, ed. Francesca Bion. Adingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    95. Bird, B. (1972) Notes on transference. JAPA, 20.
    96. Blanck, G. & Blanck, R. (1974) Ego Psychology. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
    97. Blatt, S. J. (1974) Levels of object representation in anaclitic and introjective depression. PSOC, 29.
    98. Blau, A. (1955) A unitary hypothesis of emotion. PQ, 24.
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    Словарь психоаналитических терминов и понятий > БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

  • 3 forma

    f.
    1 shape, form (figura).
    en forma de in the shape of
    en forma de L L-shaped
    tener forma ovalada o de óvalo to be oval in shape
    formas figure, curves (silueta)
    2 way, manner (manera).
    se puede hacer de varias formas it can be done in several different ways
    ¡qué forma de llover! it's absolutely pouring down!
    de cualquier forma, de todas formas anyway, in any case
    de esta forma in this way
    forma de pago method of payment
    forma de ser: es su forma de ser that's just the way he is
    3 form.
    la fotografía es una forma de arte photography is an art form
    formas de vida life forms
    4 form (no fondo).
    forma y fondo form and content
    5 host (religion).
    6 form (formulario). (Mexican Spanish)
    7 kind, form.
    8 aspect, semblance, appearance.
    9 cast.
    pres.indicat.
    3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: formar.
    imperat.
    2nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: formar.
    * * *
    1 (gen) form, shape
    2 (manera) way
    3 DEPORTE form
    1 (modales) manners, social conventions
    \
    de esta forma in this way
    de forma que so that
    de todas formas anyway, in any case
    estar en baja forma to be off form
    estar en forma to be in shape, be fit
    ponerse en forma to get fit
    buenas formas good manners
    forma de pago method of payment
    forma física physical fitness
    la Sagrada Forma the Host
    * * *
    noun f.
    1) form, shape
    2) manner, way
    •
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=figura) shape

    • nubes de humo con forma de hongo — mushroom-shaped clouds of smoke

    • dar forma a — [+ objeto, joya] to shape; [+ idea, teoría] to give shape to

    • en forma de U — U-shaped

    • tomar forma — to take shape

    2) (=modo) way

    • de forma directa/inmediata/natural — directly/immediately/naturally

    el plan entrará en vigor de forma inmediata — the plan will take immediate effect, the plan will take effect immediately

    • de esta forma — [gen] in this way; (=por consecuencia) thus

    queremos controlar los costes y, de esta forma, evitar reducir la plantilla — we want to bring down costs and thus avoid having to downsize

    • de todas formas — anyway, in any case

    pero de todas formas te agradezco que me lo hayas dicho — but thank you for letting me know anyway, but in any case thank you for letting me know

    forma de pago — method of payment, form of payment

    forma de ser, es mi forma de ser — that's how I am, that's the way I am

    3)

    • de forma que — (=en un modo que) in such a way as, so as; (=por eso) so that

    el número de socios fue creciendo cada año, de forma que en 1989 eran ya varios miles — the number of members grew every year, so that o such that by 1989 there were several thousand

    • de tal forma que — (=en un modo que) in such a way that; (=tanto que) so much that; (=por eso) so that

    su padre era italiano y su madre polaca, de tal forma que él siempre se ha sentido europeo — his father was Italian and his mother Polish, so (that) he has always felt himself to be European

    4) (tb: forma física) fitness, form

    el jugador ha recuperado su forma física — the player is fit again, the player has regained fitness o form

    • estar en (buena) forma — [para hacer deporte] to be fit, be in good shape; [para realizar otra actividad] to be in (good) form

    estar en baja forma — (lit) to be not fully fit; (fig) to be in bad shape

    5) (=aspecto externo) form

    es pura forma — it's just for the sake of form, it's a mere formality

    • defecto de forma — (Jur) technicality

    6) pl formas [femeninas] figure sing
    7) pl formas [sociales] appearances

    • guardar o mantener las formas — to keep up appearances

    8) (Rel)

    • la Sagrada Forma — the Host

    9) (=molde) (Téc) mould, mold (EEUU); [de zapatero] last; [de sombrero] hatter's block; (Tip) forme, form (EEUU)
    10) (Ling) [del verbo] form
    11) (Tip) (=formato) format
    12) LAm
    *

    • en forma, una fiesta en forma — a proper party, a blowout *

    13) Méx form
    see MANERA, FORMA, MODO
    * * *
    1)
    a) (contorno, apariencia) shape

    dar forma a algo — ( al barro) to shape something; ( a proyecto) to give shape to something

    b) (tipo, modalidad) form
    2) (Lit) (de una novela, obra) form; (Fil) form
    3) (Ling) form
    4) (Dep, Med)

    estar/mantenerse en forma — to be/keep fit

    en forma — (AmL fam)

    nos divertimos en forma — (AmL fam) we had a really good time

    5) (manera, modo) way

    de forma que — (frml) in such a way that

    de cualquier forma or de todas formas — anyway, in any case

    6) formas femenino plural
    a) ( de mujer) figure
    b) ( apariencias) appearances (pl)
    7) (Méx) ( formulario) form
    * * *
    = approach [approaches, -pl.], form, guise, means, mode, shape, way, mould [mold, -USA], shaping, complexion, manner, fashion.
    Ex. During the last twenty years the variety of approaches to the organisation of knowledge has proliferated with the introduction of computer-based methods.
    Ex. It is under the chosen form of heading that the catalogue entry for a particular document is filed and hence located.
    Ex. In various guises, the basic concepts have found application in the design of a number of special classification schemes.
    Ex. The easiest means of illustrating some of the foregoing points is to introduce in outline some special classification schemes.
    Ex. Various modes of operation are possible for such a journal, and the precise operation will depend upon the type of information being conveyed.
    Ex. If the book has an unusual shape then both the height and the width of the book will be given.
    Ex. They are likely to influence the future function of DC, and the way in which the scheme will evolve, but since there will be a continuing need for shelf arrangement, DC will remain necessary.
    Ex. The two moulds, which were twins, were oblong wire sieves mounted on wooden frames, and the deckle was a removable wooden rim which could be fitted to either mould to make it into a tray-like sieve with a raised edge.
    Ex. The process of shaping the scientific and technical propaganda into a legitimate specialisation is described.
    Ex. These documents contain the Commission's sentiments on how policy should be evolved in particular sectors and what complexion it should take = Estos documentos contienen el sentir de la Comisión de cómo debería desarrollarse la política en sectores concretos y qué cariz debería tomar.
    Ex. City planning is a body of techniques and theories for co-ordinative decision-making which tries to distribute the community's resources in a manner which will best achieve the community's specific goals, whatever they may be = El urbanismo es un conjunto de técnicas y teorías para la toma coordinada de decisiones que intenta distribuir los recursos de la comunidad de tal forma que se consigan mejor los objetivos específicos de ésta, sean cuales sean.
    Ex. It was on the tip of his tongue to say: 'Must you speak to me in this uncivilized fashion?' But he discreetly forbore.
    ----
    * acabar de forma positiva = end + Nombre + on a high (note).
    * actuar de forma negligente = be remiss.
    * adoptar forma = take + shape.
    * adoptar la forma de = take + form, take + the form of, come in + the form of.
    * aprender de la forma más difícil = learn + the hard way.
    * asumir una forma = assume + form.
    * botón en forma de palo = toggle fastener.
    * buena forma física = fitness, physical fitness.
    * buscar la forma de = look for + ways to.
    * buscar la forma de + Infinitivo = develop + way of + Gerundio.
    * buscar una forma de hacer (algo) = develop + way + to make + Nombre.
    * caer en forma de cascada = cascade.
    * cambiar de forma = shape-shift.
    * cambiar de forma de vivir = turn + Posesivo + life around.
    * catálogo encuadernado en forma de listado de ordenador = computer book form catalogue.
    * catálogo en forma de álbum = guard (book) catalogue.
    * catálogo en forma de libro = bookform catalogue, book catalogue.
    * catálogo en forma de libro encuadernado = bound book form catalogue.
    * catálogo en forma de listado = computer print-out catalogue.
    * catálogo en forma de listado de ordenador = computer book form catalogue.
    * catálogo impreso en forma de libro = printed book catalogue.
    * como forma de vida = as a way of life.
    * como una forma de = as a means of.
    * concepto de forma = form concept.
    * con forma de castillo = castellated.
    * con forma de estrella = star-shaped [star shaped].
    * con forma de pelo = hair-like.
    * con forma de pera = pear-shaped.
    * con forma de pirámide = trihedral, pyramidal-shaped.
    * con forma de tetraedro = trihedral.
    * con forma de U = U-shaped.
    * con forma piramidal = pyramidal-shaped.
    * dar cuerpo y forma a = lend + substance and form to.
    * dar forma = become + cast, give + shape, shape, mould [mold, -USA], inform.
    * dar nueva forma = reformat [re-format].
    * de alguna forma = in one way or another, one way or another.
    * de alguna otra forma = in any other way.
    * de cualquier forma = in any event, in any way [in anyway], in any case, in any way at all.
    * de cualquier forma posible = in any and all ways.
    * de esta forma = in this fashion, in this manner, in this way.
    * de forma = in form.
    * de forma abrumadora = overwhelmingly.
    * de forma aceptable = adequately, acceptably.
    * de forma adecuada = adequately, appropriately.
    * de forma alternada = in alternating fashion.
    * de forma alternativa = alternatively.
    * de forma anónima = anonymously.
    * de forma aplastante = overwhelmingly.
    * de forma apreciable = markedly.
    * de forma apropiada = properly, fitly, appropriately.
    * de forma audible = audibly.
    * de forma autónoma = autonomously.
    * de forma caprichosa = capriciously.
    * de forma clara = clearly.
    * de forma colegiada = collegially.
    * de forma combinada = in combination.
    * de forma competitiva = competitively.
    * de forma complementaria = complimentarily.
    * de forma completa = in full.
    * de forma conjunta con = in partnership with.
    * de forma considerable = considerably.
    * de forma continuada = continuously.
    * de forma cuadrada = squarish, square-shaped.
    * de forma deductiva = deductively.
    * de forma desastrosa = disastrously.
    * de forma deshonesta = dishonestly.
    * de forma diferente = differently shaped.
    * de forma digital = digitally.
    * de forma divertida = funnily.
    * de forma económica = cost-effectively.
    * de forma errática = erratically.
    * de forma escandalosa = outrageously.
    * de forma especulativa = speculatively.
    * de forma estructurada = in a structured fashion.
    * de forma exquisita = exquisitely.
    * de forma extraña = oddly, funnily.
    * de forma federal = federally.
    * de forma general = widely, bulk.
    * de forma global = holistically.
    * de forma graciosa = funnily.
    * de forma gratis = on a complimentary basis.
    * de forma gratuita = on a complimentary basis.
    * de forma grotesca = grotesquely.
    * de forma heterogénea = heterogeneously [heterogenously].
    * de forma heurística = heuristically.
    * de forma humorística = in a humorous vein.
    * de forma imaginativa = imaginatively.
    * de forma indirecta = circuitous route.
    * de forma inesperada = like a bolt out of the blue, like a bolt from the blue.
    * de forma innata = innately.
    * de forma irregular = erratically.
    * de forma lamentable = miserably.
    * de forma lógica = in a meaningful way.
    * de forma mágica = magically.
    * de forma mecánica = mechanically.
    * de forma mordaz = pungently.
    * de forma muy parecida a = in much the same way as.
    * de forma muy similar a = in much the same way as.
    * de forma negativa = in a negative light.
    * de forma neutral = neutrally.
    * de forma notoria = markedly.
    * de forma óptima = optimally.
    * de forma personalizada = on a one-to-one basis.
    * de forma poco ética = unethically.
    * de forma poco imaginativa = unimaginatively.
    * de forma poco profesional = unprofessionally.
    * de forma poco razonable = unreasonably.
    * de forma positiva = in a positive light, constructively.
    * de forma práctica = pragmatically.
    * de forma precisa = precisely.
    * de forma puntual = occasionally, when necessary.
    * de forma que = in ways that.
    * de forma que resulta más fácil de entender = in digestible form.
    * de forma rara = oddly, funnily.
    * de forma recíproca = reciprocally.
    * de forma regular = regularly.
    * de forma rentable = cost-effectively.
    * de forma ridícula = grotesquely.
    * de forma saludable = healthily.
    * de forma sana = healthily.
    * de forma significativa = to any significant extent, to a significant extent.
    * de forma sistemática = in a systematic fashion.
    * de forma sofisticada = sophisticatedly.
    * de forma subconsciente = subconsciously.
    * de forma sublime = subliminally.
    * de forma suscinta = in brief.
    * de forma terapéutica = therapeutically.
    * de forma tosca = in crude form.
    * de forma trágica = tragically.
    * de igual forma = in like manner, in a like manner, in like fashion, in like vein.
    * de la forma más difícil = the hard way.
    * de la forma más fácil = the easy way .
    * de la mejor forma posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * de la misma forma que = in the same way (as), in the same manner (as), in much the same way as.
    * de la otra forma = the other way (a)round.
    * de muchas formas = in more ways than one.
    * de ninguna forma = in any way at all.
    * de ninguna otra forma = in any other way.
    * de nuevas formas = in new ways.
    * de otra forma = in any other way.
    * describir de forma general = outline.
    * de tal forma que + ser/estar = in such form as to + be.
    * de todas formas = anyway(s), at any rate, anyhow.
    * de todas las formas posibles = in any and all ways.
    * de una forma = in a fashion.
    * de una forma + Adjetivo = in + Adjetivo + manner.
    * de una forma ambigua = ambiguously.
    * de una forma brillante = brilliantly.
    * de una forma deplorable = execrably.
    * de una forma fácil = easily.
    * de una forma hábil = skilfully [skillfully, -USA].
    * de una forma intangible = intangibly.
    * de una forma lógica = logically.
    * de una forma monstruosa = monstrously.
    * de una forma organizada = in an organised fashion.
    * de una forma rápida = quickly.
    * de una forma relativamente + Nombre = relatively + Adverbio.
    * de una forma simple = in a simple manner, simply.
    * de una forma tautológica = tautologically.
    * de una forma u otra = in some form or other, in one way or another, one way or another, in one form or another.
    * de una nueva forma = in a new way.
    * dispuesto de forma uniforme = regimented.
    * división de forma = form division.
    * edificio en forma de cubo = cubic building.
    * en buena forma = in good nick.
    * encabezamiento de forma = form heading.
    * encontrar la forma de = devise + ways.
    * en forma = fit [fitter -comp., fittest -sup.], toned.
    * en forma de = in the form of, in the shape of.
    * en forma de A = A-shaped.
    * en forma de arco = arched, bowed.
    * en forma de capa = cape-like.
    * en forma de cruz = cross-shaped.
    * en forma de cuadrado = square-shaped.
    * en forma de cuña = wedge-shaped.
    * en forma de cúpula = dome-shaped, domed.
    * en forma de D = d-shaped.
    * en forma de estrella = star-shaped [star shaped].
    * en forma de libro = in book form.
    * en forma de medialuna = crescent-shaped.
    * en forma de parásito = parasitically.
    * en forma de pera = pear-shaped.
    * en forma de pirámide = pyramidal-shaped.
    * en forma de trompeta = trumpet-shaped.
    * en forma de U = U-shaped.
    * en forma de V = V-shaped.
    * en forma física = physically fit.
    * en forma física y mental = physically and mentally fit.
    * en forma ovalada = oval-shaped.
    * en forma piramidal = pyramidal-shaped.
    * en mala forma = in bad nick.
    * en plena forma = in peak condition, in tip-top form, in tip-top condition.
    * en su forma más básica = at its most basic.
    * entintar la forma = beat + the forme.
    * entrada de forma = form entry.
    * estar en forma = be in shape, be in good shape.
    * estar ordenado en forma circular = be on a wheel.
    * faceta de forma = Form facet.
    * forma adjetival = adjectival form.
    * forma artística = art form.
    * forma de actuar = discourse.
    * forma de comportamiento = mode of behaviour, way of conduct.
    * forma de conducta = mode of conduct, way of conduct.
    * forma de conseguir algo = lever.
    * forma de doble fondo = double-faced mould.
    * forma de escribir = writing style.
    * forma de evitar Algo = way round + Algo.
    * forma de evitar una dificultad = way (a)round + difficulty.
    * forma de evitar un problema = way round + problem.
    * forma de expresión = way of expression, mode of expression.
    * forma de funcionar = business model.
    * forma de hablar = manner of speaking.
    * forma de hacer papel = paper mould.
    * forma de impresión = composing frame, forme, plate, frame.
    * forma de la curva estadística en su valor más alto = peak-shape.
    * forma de pago = form of payment.
    * forma de papel vitela = wove mould.
    * forma de pensar = thinking, belief system, set of opinions, mode of thought, mode of thinking.
    * forma de presentación = form of presentation.
    * forma de trabajar = working practice, work practice, business model.
    * forma de un solo fondo = single-faced mould.
    * forma de un solo fondo para papel verjurado = single-faced laid mould.
    * forma de ver las cosas = way of putting things together, bent of mind.
    * forma de vida = way of life.
    * forma excelente = commanding form.
    * forma física = physical form, physical condition, physical shape.
    * forma flexionada = inflected form.
    * forma geométrica = geometric shape, geometric pattern.
    * forma impresa = hard copy [hardcopy].
    * forma intelectual = intellectual form.
    * forma manual = hand mould.
    * forma nominal = noun form.
    * forma para papel verjurado = laid mould.
    * ganar de forma abrumadora = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.
    * ganar de forma aplastante = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down, win by + a landslide.
    * ganar de forma arrolladora = win by + a landslide.
    * guardar las formas = keep up + appearances.
    * indicar las formas (de/en que) = point to + ways (of/in which).
    * la forma correcta de hacer las cosas = the way to go.
    * la forma de = ways and means (of/for/to/in/by).
    * la forma de + Infinitivo = the way to go about + Gerundio.
    * la forma de ver las cosas = the way + to see things.
    * la mejor forma de hacer Algo = lessons learned [lessons learnt].
    * mantenerse en forma = keep + fit.
    * no haber forma de = there + be + no way.
    * no hay forma de que = for the life of me.
    * ofrecer una forma de = provide + a way of/to.
    * orientado hacia la forma = form-oriented.
    * participar de forma activa = involve.
    * participar de forma activa en = engage in.
    * participar de una forma activa = become + involved.
    * pensar de forma creativa = think out(side) + (of) the box.
    * poner en forma = buff up.
    * ponerse en forma = get + fit.
    * ponerse en forma para la lucir el cuerpo en la playa = get + beach-fit.
    * por la forma = by the way.
    * presentar en forma de tabla = tabulate.
    * red en forma de estrella = star network [star-network].
    * sentirse en plena forma = feel + tip-top.
    * ser la forma abreviada de = be short for.
    * ser la forma de = be a recipe for.
    * ser mirado de forma extraña = get + some funny looks.
    * ser una forma de = provide + a way of/to.
    * sin forma = bodilessly, formless.
    * sugerir la forma de = suggest + way in which.
    * tener forma + Adjetivo = be + Adjetivo + in shape.
    * terminar de forma positiva = end + Nombre + on a high (note).
    * tomar forma = take + form, take + shape, assume + form, shape up.
    * una buena forma de empezar = a good way to start.
    * volver a dar forma = reshape [re-shape].
    * * *
    1)
    a) (contorno, apariencia) shape

    dar forma a algo — ( al barro) to shape something; ( a proyecto) to give shape to something

    b) (tipo, modalidad) form
    2) (Lit) (de una novela, obra) form; (Fil) form
    3) (Ling) form
    4) (Dep, Med)

    estar/mantenerse en forma — to be/keep fit

    en forma — (AmL fam)

    nos divertimos en forma — (AmL fam) we had a really good time

    5) (manera, modo) way

    de forma que — (frml) in such a way that

    de cualquier forma or de todas formas — anyway, in any case

    6) formas femenino plural
    a) ( de mujer) figure
    b) ( apariencias) appearances (pl)
    7) (Méx) ( formulario) form
    * * *
    = approach [approaches, -pl.], form, guise, means, mode, shape, way, mould [mold, -USA], shaping, complexion, manner, fashion.

    Ex: During the last twenty years the variety of approaches to the organisation of knowledge has proliferated with the introduction of computer-based methods.

    Ex: It is under the chosen form of heading that the catalogue entry for a particular document is filed and hence located.
    Ex: In various guises, the basic concepts have found application in the design of a number of special classification schemes.
    Ex: The easiest means of illustrating some of the foregoing points is to introduce in outline some special classification schemes.
    Ex: Various modes of operation are possible for such a journal, and the precise operation will depend upon the type of information being conveyed.
    Ex: If the book has an unusual shape then both the height and the width of the book will be given.
    Ex: They are likely to influence the future function of DC, and the way in which the scheme will evolve, but since there will be a continuing need for shelf arrangement, DC will remain necessary.
    Ex: The two moulds, which were twins, were oblong wire sieves mounted on wooden frames, and the deckle was a removable wooden rim which could be fitted to either mould to make it into a tray-like sieve with a raised edge.
    Ex: The process of shaping the scientific and technical propaganda into a legitimate specialisation is described.
    Ex: These documents contain the Commission's sentiments on how policy should be evolved in particular sectors and what complexion it should take = Estos documentos contienen el sentir de la Comisión de cómo debería desarrollarse la política en sectores concretos y qué cariz debería tomar.
    Ex: City planning is a body of techniques and theories for co-ordinative decision-making which tries to distribute the community's resources in a manner which will best achieve the community's specific goals, whatever they may be = El urbanismo es un conjunto de técnicas y teorías para la toma coordinada de decisiones que intenta distribuir los recursos de la comunidad de tal forma que se consigan mejor los objetivos específicos de ésta, sean cuales sean.
    Ex: It was on the tip of his tongue to say: 'Must you speak to me in this uncivilized fashion?' But he discreetly forbore.
    * acabar de forma positiva = end + Nombre + on a high (note).
    * actuar de forma negligente = be remiss.
    * adoptar forma = take + shape.
    * adoptar la forma de = take + form, take + the form of, come in + the form of.
    * aprender de la forma más difícil = learn + the hard way.
    * asumir una forma = assume + form.
    * botón en forma de palo = toggle fastener.
    * buena forma física = fitness, physical fitness.
    * buscar la forma de = look for + ways to.
    * buscar la forma de + Infinitivo = develop + way of + Gerundio.
    * buscar una forma de hacer (algo) = develop + way + to make + Nombre.
    * caer en forma de cascada = cascade.
    * cambiar de forma = shape-shift.
    * cambiar de forma de vivir = turn + Posesivo + life around.
    * catálogo encuadernado en forma de listado de ordenador = computer book form catalogue.
    * catálogo en forma de álbum = guard (book) catalogue.
    * catálogo en forma de libro = bookform catalogue, book catalogue.
    * catálogo en forma de libro encuadernado = bound book form catalogue.
    * catálogo en forma de listado = computer print-out catalogue.
    * catálogo en forma de listado de ordenador = computer book form catalogue.
    * catálogo impreso en forma de libro = printed book catalogue.
    * como forma de vida = as a way of life.
    * como una forma de = as a means of.
    * concepto de forma = form concept.
    * con forma de castillo = castellated.
    * con forma de estrella = star-shaped [star shaped].
    * con forma de pelo = hair-like.
    * con forma de pera = pear-shaped.
    * con forma de pirámide = trihedral, pyramidal-shaped.
    * con forma de tetraedro = trihedral.
    * con forma de U = U-shaped.
    * con forma piramidal = pyramidal-shaped.
    * dar cuerpo y forma a = lend + substance and form to.
    * dar forma = become + cast, give + shape, shape, mould [mold, -USA], inform.
    * dar nueva forma = reformat [re-format].
    * de alguna forma = in one way or another, one way or another.
    * de alguna otra forma = in any other way.
    * de cualquier forma = in any event, in any way [in anyway], in any case, in any way at all.
    * de cualquier forma posible = in any and all ways.
    * de esta forma = in this fashion, in this manner, in this way.
    * de forma = in form.
    * de forma abrumadora = overwhelmingly.
    * de forma aceptable = adequately, acceptably.
    * de forma adecuada = adequately, appropriately.
    * de forma alternada = in alternating fashion.
    * de forma alternativa = alternatively.
    * de forma anónima = anonymously.
    * de forma aplastante = overwhelmingly.
    * de forma apreciable = markedly.
    * de forma apropiada = properly, fitly, appropriately.
    * de forma audible = audibly.
    * de forma autónoma = autonomously.
    * de forma caprichosa = capriciously.
    * de forma clara = clearly.
    * de forma colegiada = collegially.
    * de forma combinada = in combination.
    * de forma competitiva = competitively.
    * de forma complementaria = complimentarily.
    * de forma completa = in full.
    * de forma conjunta con = in partnership with.
    * de forma considerable = considerably.
    * de forma continuada = continuously.
    * de forma cuadrada = squarish, square-shaped.
    * de forma deductiva = deductively.
    * de forma desastrosa = disastrously.
    * de forma deshonesta = dishonestly.
    * de forma diferente = differently shaped.
    * de forma digital = digitally.
    * de forma divertida = funnily.
    * de forma económica = cost-effectively.
    * de forma errática = erratically.
    * de forma escandalosa = outrageously.
    * de forma especulativa = speculatively.
    * de forma estructurada = in a structured fashion.
    * de forma exquisita = exquisitely.
    * de forma extraña = oddly, funnily.
    * de forma federal = federally.
    * de forma general = widely, bulk.
    * de forma global = holistically.
    * de forma graciosa = funnily.
    * de forma gratis = on a complimentary basis.
    * de forma gratuita = on a complimentary basis.
    * de forma grotesca = grotesquely.
    * de forma heterogénea = heterogeneously [heterogenously].
    * de forma heurística = heuristically.
    * de forma humorística = in a humorous vein.
    * de forma imaginativa = imaginatively.
    * de forma indirecta = circuitous route.
    * de forma inesperada = like a bolt out of the blue, like a bolt from the blue.
    * de forma innata = innately.
    * de forma irregular = erratically.
    * de forma lamentable = miserably.
    * de forma lógica = in a meaningful way.
    * de forma mágica = magically.
    * de forma mecánica = mechanically.
    * de forma mordaz = pungently.
    * de forma muy parecida a = in much the same way as.
    * de forma muy similar a = in much the same way as.
    * de forma negativa = in a negative light.
    * de forma neutral = neutrally.
    * de forma notoria = markedly.
    * de forma óptima = optimally.
    * de forma personalizada = on a one-to-one basis.
    * de forma poco ética = unethically.
    * de forma poco imaginativa = unimaginatively.
    * de forma poco profesional = unprofessionally.
    * de forma poco razonable = unreasonably.
    * de forma positiva = in a positive light, constructively.
    * de forma práctica = pragmatically.
    * de forma precisa = precisely.
    * de forma puntual = occasionally, when necessary.
    * de forma que = in ways that.
    * de forma que resulta más fácil de entender = in digestible form.
    * de forma rara = oddly, funnily.
    * de forma recíproca = reciprocally.
    * de forma regular = regularly.
    * de forma rentable = cost-effectively.
    * de forma ridícula = grotesquely.
    * de forma saludable = healthily.
    * de forma sana = healthily.
    * de forma significativa = to any significant extent, to a significant extent.
    * de forma sistemática = in a systematic fashion.
    * de forma sofisticada = sophisticatedly.
    * de forma subconsciente = subconsciously.
    * de forma sublime = subliminally.
    * de forma suscinta = in brief.
    * de forma terapéutica = therapeutically.
    * de forma tosca = in crude form.
    * de forma trágica = tragically.
    * de igual forma = in like manner, in a like manner, in like fashion, in like vein.
    * de la forma más difícil = the hard way.
    * de la forma más fácil = the easy way.
    * de la mejor forma posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * de la misma forma que = in the same way (as), in the same manner (as), in much the same way as.
    * de la otra forma = the other way (a)round.
    * de muchas formas = in more ways than one.
    * de ninguna forma = in any way at all.
    * de ninguna otra forma = in any other way.
    * de nuevas formas = in new ways.
    * de otra forma = in any other way.
    * describir de forma general = outline.
    * de tal forma que + ser/estar = in such form as to + be.
    * de todas formas = anyway(s), at any rate, anyhow.
    * de todas las formas posibles = in any and all ways.
    * de una forma = in a fashion.
    * de una forma + Adjetivo = in + Adjetivo + manner.
    * de una forma ambigua = ambiguously.
    * de una forma brillante = brilliantly.
    * de una forma deplorable = execrably.
    * de una forma fácil = easily.
    * de una forma hábil = skilfully [skillfully, -USA].
    * de una forma intangible = intangibly.
    * de una forma lógica = logically.
    * de una forma monstruosa = monstrously.
    * de una forma organizada = in an organised fashion.
    * de una forma rápida = quickly.
    * de una forma relativamente + Nombre = relatively + Adverbio.
    * de una forma simple = in a simple manner, simply.
    * de una forma tautológica = tautologically.
    * de una forma u otra = in some form or other, in one way or another, one way or another, in one form or another.
    * de una nueva forma = in a new way.
    * dispuesto de forma uniforme = regimented.
    * división de forma = form division.
    * edificio en forma de cubo = cubic building.
    * en buena forma = in good nick.
    * encabezamiento de forma = form heading.
    * encontrar la forma de = devise + ways.
    * en forma = fit [fitter -comp., fittest -sup.], toned.
    * en forma de = in the form of, in the shape of.
    * en forma de A = A-shaped.
    * en forma de arco = arched, bowed.
    * en forma de capa = cape-like.
    * en forma de cruz = cross-shaped.
    * en forma de cuadrado = square-shaped.
    * en forma de cuña = wedge-shaped.
    * en forma de cúpula = dome-shaped, domed.
    * en forma de D = d-shaped.
    * en forma de estrella = star-shaped [star shaped].
    * en forma de libro = in book form.
    * en forma de medialuna = crescent-shaped.
    * en forma de parásito = parasitically.
    * en forma de pera = pear-shaped.
    * en forma de pirámide = pyramidal-shaped.
    * en forma de trompeta = trumpet-shaped.
    * en forma de U = U-shaped.
    * en forma de V = V-shaped.
    * en forma física = physically fit.
    * en forma física y mental = physically and mentally fit.
    * en forma ovalada = oval-shaped.
    * en forma piramidal = pyramidal-shaped.
    * en mala forma = in bad nick.
    * en plena forma = in peak condition, in tip-top form, in tip-top condition.
    * en su forma más básica = at its most basic.
    * entintar la forma = beat + the forme.
    * entrada de forma = form entry.
    * estar en forma = be in shape, be in good shape.
    * estar ordenado en forma circular = be on a wheel.
    * faceta de forma = Form facet.
    * forma adjetival = adjectival form.
    * forma artística = art form.
    * forma de actuar = discourse.
    * forma de comportamiento = mode of behaviour, way of conduct.
    * forma de conducta = mode of conduct, way of conduct.
    * forma de conseguir algo = lever.
    * forma de doble fondo = double-faced mould.
    * forma de escribir = writing style.
    * forma de evitar Algo = way round + Algo.
    * forma de evitar una dificultad = way (a)round + difficulty.
    * forma de evitar un problema = way round + problem.
    * forma de expresión = way of expression, mode of expression.
    * forma de funcionar = business model.
    * forma de hablar = manner of speaking.
    * forma de hacer papel = paper mould.
    * forma de impresión = composing frame, forme, plate, frame.
    * forma de la curva estadística en su valor más alto = peak-shape.
    * forma de pago = form of payment.
    * forma de papel vitela = wove mould.
    * forma de pensar = thinking, belief system, set of opinions, mode of thought, mode of thinking.
    * forma de presentación = form of presentation.
    * forma de trabajar = working practice, work practice, business model.
    * forma de un solo fondo = single-faced mould.
    * forma de un solo fondo para papel verjurado = single-faced laid mould.
    * forma de ver las cosas = way of putting things together, bent of mind.
    * forma de vida = way of life.
    * forma excelente = commanding form.
    * forma física = physical form, physical condition, physical shape.
    * forma flexionada = inflected form.
    * forma geométrica = geometric shape, geometric pattern.
    * forma impresa = hard copy [hardcopy].
    * forma intelectual = intellectual form.
    * forma manual = hand mould.
    * forma nominal = noun form.
    * forma para papel verjurado = laid mould.
    * ganar de forma abrumadora = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.
    * ganar de forma aplastante = beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down, win by + a landslide.
    * ganar de forma arrolladora = win by + a landslide.
    * guardar las formas = keep up + appearances.
    * indicar las formas (de/en que) = point to + ways (of/in which).
    * la forma correcta de hacer las cosas = the way to go.
    * la forma de = ways and means (of/for/to/in/by).
    * la forma de + Infinitivo = the way to go about + Gerundio.
    * la forma de ver las cosas = the way + to see things.
    * la mejor forma de hacer Algo = lessons learned [lessons learnt].
    * mantenerse en forma = keep + fit.
    * no haber forma de = there + be + no way.
    * no hay forma de que = for the life of me.
    * ofrecer una forma de = provide + a way of/to.
    * orientado hacia la forma = form-oriented.
    * participar de forma activa = involve.
    * participar de forma activa en = engage in.
    * participar de una forma activa = become + involved.
    * pensar de forma creativa = think out(side) + (of) the box.
    * poner en forma = buff up.
    * ponerse en forma = get + fit.
    * ponerse en forma para la lucir el cuerpo en la playa = get + beach-fit.
    * por la forma = by the way.
    * presentar en forma de tabla = tabulate.
    * red en forma de estrella = star network [star-network].
    * sentirse en plena forma = feel + tip-top.
    * ser la forma abreviada de = be short for.
    * ser la forma de = be a recipe for.
    * ser mirado de forma extraña = get + some funny looks.
    * ser una forma de = provide + a way of/to.
    * sin forma = bodilessly, formless.
    * sugerir la forma de = suggest + way in which.
    * tener forma + Adjetivo = be + Adjetivo + in shape.
    * terminar de forma positiva = end + Nombre + on a high (note).
    * tomar forma = take + form, take + shape, assume + form, shape up.
    * una buena forma de empezar = a good way to start.
    * volver a dar forma = reshape [re-shape].

    * * *
    A
    1 (contorno, apariencia) shape
    tiene forma circular it's circular (in shape)
    en forma de cruz in the shape of a cross
    tiene la forma de un platillo it's the shape of a saucer o it's saucer-shaped
    los tenemos de todas formas y tamaños we have them in all shapes and sizes
    el alfarero da forma al barro the potter shapes the clay
    finalmente logró dar forma a sus proyectos he finally managed to give some shape to his plans
    el suéter ha cogido la forma de la percha the sweater's been stretched out of shape by the coat hanger
    el príncipe tomó la forma de una rana the prince turned into a frog
    la escultura/el proyecto está empezando a tomar forma the sculpture/plan is beginning to take shape
    2 (tipo, modalidad) form
    la discriminación no puede ser tolerada bajo ninguna de sus formas discrimination cannot be tolerated in any shape or form
    las distintas formas de vida animal the different forms of animal life
    el medicamento se presenta en forma de supositorios y de comprimidos the medicine comes in suppository or tablet form
    B
    1 ( Lit) (de una novela, obra) form
    fondo y forma form and content
    2 ( Der):
    3 ( Fil) form
    C ( Ling) form
    la forma singular the singular (form)
    D ( Dep, Med):
    estar/mantenerse en forma to be/keep fit
    esta temporada está en baja forma this season he's off form o he's not in good form
    me siento en plena forma I feel on top form
    en forma ( AmL fam): una comida en forma a good square meal ( colloq)
    hoy nos divertimos en forma we had a terrific o fantastic time today
    metiste la pata en (gran) forma you really put your foot in it ( colloq)
    E (manera, modo) way
    es su forma de ser it's just his way, it's just the way he is
    no me gusta nada su forma de organizar las cosas I don't like his way of organizing things at all
    ¡qué forma de gritar, ni que estuviese sorda! there's no need to shout, I'm not deaf!
    así no hay forma de entenderse we'll never get anywhere like this
    lo hizo de forma que él no se enterase ( frml); she did it in such a way that he would not find out
    Compuesto:
    form o method of payment
    2 (apariencias) appearances (pl)
    en público siempre guardan or cubren las formas they always keep up appearances in public
    G ( Méx) (formulario) form
    * * *

     

    Del verbo formar: ( conjugate formar)

    forma es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

    2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    forma    
    formar
    forma sustantivo femenino
    1
    a) (contorno, apariencia) shape;


    tiene la forma de un platillo it's the shape of a saucer;
    dar forma a algo ( al barro) to shape sth;

    ( a proyecto) to give shape to sth
    b) (tipo, modalidad) form;


    forma de pago form o method of payment
    2 (Dep, Med):

    está en baja forma he's not on form;
    en plena forma on top form;
    en forma: nos divertimos en forma we had a really good time
    3 (manera, modo) way;

    ¡vaya forma de conducir! what a way to drive!;
    forma de vida way of life;
    de forma distinta differently;
    de cualquier forma or de todas formas anyway, in any case
    4
    ◊ formas sustantivo femenino plural




    5 (Méx) ( formulario) form
    formar ( conjugate formar) verbo transitivo
    1
    a) ( crear) ‹círculo/figura› to make, form;

    ‹asociación/gobierno› to form, set up;
    ‹ barricada› to set up;
    ◊ ¡formen parejas! ( en clase) get into pairs o twos!;


    ( en baile) take your partners!
    b) (Ling) to form

    c) (Mil) ‹ tropas› to have … fall in

    2 ( componer) to make up;

    forma parte de algo to be part of sth, to belong to sth
    3 ‹carácter/espíritu› to form, shape
    4 ( educar) to bring up;
    ( para trabajo) to train
    verbo intransitivo (Mil) to fall in
    formarse verbo pronominal
    1
    a) (hacerse, crearse) [grupo/organismo] to form;

    ◊ se formó una cola a line (AmE) o (BrE) queue formed

    b) ( desarrollarse) [niño/huesos] to develop

    c) ‹idea/opinión› to form

    2 ( educarse) to be educated;
    ( para trabajo) to be trained
    forma sustantivo femenino
    1 form, shape: una vasija en forma de campana, a bell-shaped vessel
    2 (modo) way: hazlo de otra forma do it another way
    no hay forma de probarlo, there's no way to prove it
    forma de pago, method of payment
    3 Dep form: está en baja forma, she's off form
    me mantengo en forma, I keep fit 4 formas, (modales) manners
    guardar las formas, to keep up appearances
    ♦ Locuciones: de forma que, so that
    de todas formas, anyway, in any case
    formar verbo transitivo
    1 to form
    2 (criar) to bring up
    (instruir) to educate, train
    ' forma' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    A
    - acento
    - aerodinámica
    - aerodinámico
    - amorfa
    - amorfo
    - anacrónica
    - anacrónico
    - borla
    - cerrada
    - cerrado
    - circular
    - congruente
    - cónica
    - cónico
    - corpórea
    - corpóreo
    - defraudar
    - diferente
    - ser
    - escribano
    - estrafalaria
    - estrafalario
    - estrechamiento
    - estrellada
    - estrellado
    - formalmente
    - herida
    - histriónica
    - histriónico
    - imitar
    - inicua
    - inicuo
    - ladrón
    - ladrona
    - mercenaria
    - mercenario
    - modo
    - óptica
    - oscurecer
    - pequeña
    - pequeño
    - política
    - redonda
    - redondo
    - sambenito
    - tallar
    - tela
    - tener
    - Tiro
    English:
    A
    - agenda
    - agree
    - alternately
    - amusing
    - an
    - and
    - angular
    - anyhow
    - arrange
    - as
    - attuned to
    - be
    - begin
    - best
    - blend
    - circle
    - crescent
    - cupcake
    - day
    - deny
    - diamond
    - disgusting
    - do
    - enjoy
    - expect
    - expedient
    - faint
    - figure
    - fish
    - fit
    - fitness
    - form
    - freeware
    - from
    - go
    - heart-shaped
    - hexagon
    - jelly baby
    - jelly bean
    - Jerkily
    - keep
    - kidney shaped
    - lack
    - lie
    - manner
    - mister
    - must
    - parcel
    - pear-shaped
    * * *
    forma nf
    1. [figura] shape, form;
    ¿qué forma tiene? what shape is it?;
    en forma de triángulo in the shape of a triangle;
    en forma de L L-shaped;
    el escultor dio forma al barro the sculptor shaped the clay;
    tener forma ovalada o [m5] de óvalo to be oval (in shape);
    el proyecto comienza a tomar forma the project is starting to take shape
    2. [manera] way, manner;
    tiene una forma de hablar muy divertida she has a very funny way of talking;
    no ha habido forma de localizarlo it was impossible to find him;
    se puede hacer de varias formas it can be done in several different ways;
    lo siento, es mi forma de ser I'm sorry, that's just the way I am o that's just my way;
    ¡qué forma de llover! it's absolutely pouring down!;
    de cualquier forma, de todas formas anyway, in any case;
    si lo hacemos de esta forma, acabaremos antes if we do it this way, we'll finish earlier;
    viajaremos en segunda, de esta forma recortaremos gastos we can travel second class, that way we'll keep the cost down;
    han organizado las conferencias de forma que haya diez minutos de intervalo entre ellas they've arranged the speeches in such a way that there's a ten-minute break between each one;
    llegaremos a las ocho, de forma que podamos comenzar temprano we'll be there by eight so (that) we can start early;
    dobla la camisa de forma que no se arruguen las mangas fold the shirt so (that) the sleeves don't get creased
    forma de pago method of payment
    3. [manifestación] form;
    la fotografía es una forma de arte photography is an art form
    4. [condición física] fitness;
    estar en forma to be fit;
    estar en baja/plena forma to be in poor/top shape;
    vuelvo a estar en plena forma I'm fully fit again;
    mantenerse/ponerse en forma to keep/get fit
    forma física physical fitness;
    en perfecta forma física in perfect (physical) shape
    5. [de equipo, artista] form;
    estar en forma to be on form;
    estar en baja/plena forma to be off form/on top form
    6.
    formas [silueta] figure, curves;
    7.
    formas [modales] manners, social conventions;
    guardar las formas to keep up appearances
    8. [horma, molde] mould
    9. Rel host;
    la Sagrada Forma the Holy Host
    10. Arte & Lit form;
    a este escritor le importa más la forma que el contenido this writer is more interested in form than content
    11. Ling form;
    en forma plural in the plural
    12. Méx [formulario] form
    * * *
    f
    1 form
    2 ( apariencia) shape;
    en forma de in the shape of;
    dar forma a algo shape sth
    3 ( manera) way;
    de forma que in such a way that;
    de todas formas in any case, anyway;
    de alguna forma, en cierta forma in a way;
    de ninguna forma not in the slightest, fam no way;
    no hay forma de que coma/estudie nothing will make him eat/study, it’s impossible to get him to eat/study
    4
    :
    formas pl proprieties;
    guardar las formas keep up appearances
    5
    :
    mantenerse en forma stay in shape
    6 Méx ( formulario) form
    * * *
    forma nf
    1) : form, shape
    2) manera, modo: manner, way
    3) : fitness
    estar en forma: to be fit, to be in shape
    4) formas nfpl
    : appearances, conventions
    * * *
    1. (contorno) shape
    ¿qué forma tiene? what shape is it?
    2. (manera) way
    de forma distinta in a different way / differently

    Spanish-English dictionary > forma

  • 4 base

    f base
    fig basis
    in base a on the basis of
    * * *
    base s.f.
    1 (arch.) base, basement
    2 (edil.) ( fondazione) sill, foundations (pl.)
    3 ( fondamento) basis*, foundation, ground: la base delle ricerche, the basis for research work; le basi della matematica, the elements of mathematics // in base a ciò, on the basis of that (o according to that); in base a qlco., on the grounds of sthg.; senza base, groundless // a base di, based on
    4 (econ.) basis*, base: base monetaria, monetary base; base imponibile, basis of assessment (o taxable basis); base tariffaria, rate basis; base di credito, credit base; industria di base, key industry // base oro, gold standard
    5 (mat.) ( di un triangolo) base; ( di uno spazio vettoriale) basis*: teorema della base, basis theorem
    6 (inform.) base: base della numerazione, base number; base di dati, data base; base di dati relazionale, relation data base
    7 (mil.) base: base aerea, navale, air, naval base; (aer.) ritorno alla base, return to base; base di lancio, launch site (o missile base)
    8 (chim.) base
    9 ( baseball) base
    10 (mecc.) base (plate), bed (plate)
    11 (pol.) base; rank-and-file members (pl.)
    12 (meteor.) ( di nubi) ceiling
    13 ( topografia, astr.) linea di base, baseline
    ◆ agg. basic; base (attr.): campo base, base camp; stipendio base, basic wage (o salary); prezzo base, basic (o base) price.
    * * *
    ['baze]
    1. sf
    1) (gen, Mil, Chim, Mat) base
    2) (fig : fondamento) basis, (di problema, idea) origin, root
    3)

    basi sfpl — (fondamento) basis sg, foundation sg

    gettare le basi per qc — to lay the basis o foundations for sth

    4)

    (fraseologia) prodotto a base di carne — meat-based product

    essere alla base di qc — to be at the basis of, (di problema) to be at the root of

    servire da o come base a — (punto di partenza) to act as the basis for

    in base a — (notizie, informazioni) according to

    in base a ciò... — on that basis...

    2. agg inv
    (prezzo, problema, stipendio) basic
    * * *
    ['baze] 1.
    sostantivo femminile
    1) (sostegno) (di oggetto, struttura) base; (di edificio) foundation
    2) (piedistallo, supporto) (di colonna) pedestal; (di statua) base, pedestal, plinth
    3) fig. (fondamento, principio) base, basis*, foundation

    essere alla base di qcs. — to be o lie at the bottom of sth., to underlie sth

    le -i di — the basics o fundamentals of

    avere buone -i di qcs. — to have a good grounding in sth

    5) mil. base, station
    6) pol. (di un partito) rank and file
    7) mat. chim. base
    8) cosmet. make-up base
    12) in base a according to
    13) sulla base di on the basis of
    2.
    aggettivo invariabile [ stipendio] basic, standard

    casa base — (nel baseball) home plate

    base missilistica — missile o rocket base

    base navale — naval base o station

    * * *
    base
    /'baze/
    I sostantivo f.
     1 (sostegno) (di oggetto, struttura) base; (di edificio) foundation
     2 (piedistallo, supporto) (di colonna) pedestal; (di statua) base, pedestal, plinth
     3 fig. (fondamento, principio) base, basis*, foundation; porre le -i di to lay the foundations of; essere alla base di qcs. to be o lie at the bottom of sth., to underlie sth.
     4 (insieme di nozioni fondamentali) le -i di the basics o fundamentals of; avere buone -i di qcs. to have a good grounding in sth.
     5 mil. base, station
     6 pol. (di un partito) rank and file
     7 mat. chim. base
     8 cosmet. make-up base
     9 (nel baseball) base
     11 a base di crema a base di latte milk-based cream; prodotti a base di carne meat products
     12 in base a according to; in base a un accordo under an agreement
     13 sulla base di on the basis of
     [ stipendio] basic, standard; modello base basic model; casa base (nel baseball) home plate
    base aerea air base; base missilistica missile o rocket base; base navale naval base o station.

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > base

  • 5 seguir

    v.
    1 to follow.
    tú ve delante, que yo te sigo you go ahead, I'll follow o I'll go behind
    seguir algo de cerca to follow o monitor something closely (desarrollo, resultados)
    Ellos siguen la caravana They follow the convoy.
    Eso es lo que sigue That is what follows.
    2 to follow.
    me parece que nos siguen I think we're being followed
    3 to continue, to resume.
    Me sigue el dolor My pain persists.
    4 to continue, to go on.
    ¡sigue, no te pares! go o carry on, don't stop!
    aquí se baja él, yo sigo he's getting out here, I'm going on (al taxista)
    sigo trabajando en la fábrica I'm still working at the factory
    debes seguir haciéndolo you should keep on o carry on doing it
    sigo pensando que está mal I still think it's wrong
    sigue enferma/en el hospital she's still ill/in hospital
    ¿qué tal sigue la familia? how's the family getting on o keeping?
    5 to keep on, to go along, to carry on, to continue.
    María se sigue haciendo daño Mary keeps on hurting herself.
    6 to continue to be, to continue being, to keep, to keep being.
    Las chicas siguen testarudas The girls continue to be stubborn.
    7 to obey, to keep.
    Las chicas siguen las reglas The girls obey the rules.
    8 to imitate, to follow.
    Los fanáticos siguen al cantante The fans imitate the singer.
    9 to come afterwards, to come next, to come after, to come along.
    Algo bueno sigue Something good comes afterwards.
    * * *
    (e changes to i in certain persons of certain tenses; gu changes to g before a and o)
    Present Indicative
    sigo, sigues, sigue, seguimos, seguís, siguen.
    Past Indicative
    seguí, seguiste, siguió, seguimos, seguisteis, siguieron.
    Present Subjunctive
    Imperfect Subjunctive
    Future Subjunctive
    Imperative
    sigue (tú), siga (él/Vd.), sigamos (nos.), seguid (vos.), sigan (ellos/Vds.).
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=perseguir) [+ persona, pista] to follow; [+ indicio] to follow up; [+ presa] to chase, pursue

    ella llegó primero, seguida del embajador — she arrived first, followed by the ambassador

    2) (=estar atento a) [+ programa de TV] to watch, follow; [+ programa de radio] to listen to, follow; [+ proceso, progreso] to monitor, follow up; [+ satélite] to track
    3) (=hacer caso de) [+ consejo] to follow, take; [+ instrucciones, doctrina, líder] to follow
    4) [+ rumbo, dirección] to follow

    siga esta calle y al final gire a la derecha — carry on up o follow this street and turn right at the end

    • seguir su curso, el proyecto sigue su curso — the project is still on course, the project continues on (its) course

    5) (=entender) [+ razonamiento] to follow

    ¿me sigues? — are you with me?

    6) (Educ) [+ curso] to take, do
    7) † [+ mujer] to court †
    2. VI
    1) (=continuar) to go on, carry on

    ¿quieres que sigamos? — shall we go on?

    ¡siga! — (=hable) go on!, carry on; LAm (=pase) come in

    ¡síguele! — Méx go on!

    "sigue" — [en carta] P.T.O.; [en libro] continued

    2)

    • seguir adelante — [persona] to go on, carry on; [acontecimiento] to go ahead

    adelante 1)
    3) [en estado, situación] to be still

    ¿cómo sigue? — how is he?

    que siga usted bien — keep well, look after yourself

    • seguimos sin teléfono — we still haven't got a phone

    4)

    • seguir haciendo algo — to go on doing sth, carry on doing sth

    siguió mirándola — he went on o carried on looking at her

    el ordenador seguía funcionando — the computer carried on working, the computer was still working

    5) (=venir a continuación) to follow, follow on

    entre otros ejemplos destacan los que siguen — amongst other examples, the following stand out

    • seguir a algo, las horas que siguieron a la tragedia — the hours following o that followed the tragedy

    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1) <persona/vehículo/presa> to follow

    camina muy rápido, no la puedo seguir — she walks very fast, I can't keep up with her

    el que la sigue la consigue — (fam) if at first you don't succeed, try, try again

    2) <camino/ruta>

    siga esta carretera hasta llegar al puente — go along o follow this road as far as the bridge

    3) ( en el tiempo) to follow

    seguir a algo/alguien — to follow something/somebody

    4)
    a) <instrucciones/consejo/flecha> to follow
    b) ( basarse en) <autor/teoría/método/tradición> to follow
    5)
    a) <trámite/procedimiento> to follow
    b) (Educ) < curso> to take

    estoy siguiendo un curso de fotografía — I'm doing o taking a photography course

    6)
    a) <explicaciones/profesor> to follow

    dicta demasiado rápido, no la puedo seguir — she dictates too quickly, I can't keep up

    ¿me siguen? — are you with me?

    no sigo ese programa — I don't watch that program, I'm not following that program

    2.
    seguir vi
    1)
    a) ( por un camino) to go on

    siga derecho or todo recto hasta el final de la calle — keep o go straight on to the end of the street

    seguir de largo — (AmL) to go straight past

    b)
    c) (Col, Ven) ( entrar)

    siga por favor — come in, please

    2) (en lugar, estado)

    ¿tus padres siguen en Ginebra? — are your parents still in Geneva?

    sigue soltera/tan bonita como siempre — she's still single/as pretty as ever

    si las cosas siguen así... — if things carry on like this...

    si sigue así de trabajador, llegará lejos — if he carries on working as hard as this, he'll go a long way

    3)
    a) tareas/buen tiempo/lluvia to continue; rumores to persist
    b)

    seguir + ger: sigo pensando que deberíamos haber ido I still think we ought to have gone; sigue leyendo tú you read now; seguiré haciéndolo a mi manera — I'll go on o carry on doing it my way, I shall continue to do it my way (frml)

    4)
    a) (venir después, estar contiguo)
    b) historia/poema to continue

    ¿cómo sigue la canción? — how does the song go on?

    3.
    seguirse v pron (en 3a pers)

    de esto se sigue que... — it follows from this that...

    * * *
    = accord with, adhere to, chase, conform to, espouse, fit, follow, keep to, observe, pursue, run along, stay, stick to, proceed, overlay, carry on, go ahead, soldier on, succeed, hew to, overlie, keep up, roll on.
    Ex. So while that tracing may have accorded with a rule, it violated common sense.
    Ex. Since BC adheres closely to the educational and scientific consensus, BC found most favour with libraries in educational establishments.
    Ex. Also, in controlled indexing language data bases, there is often an assumption that a user will be prepared to chase strings of references or to consult a sometimes complex thesaurus.
    Ex. These basic permutation rules are modified somewhat to conform to bibliographic requirements.
    Ex. Most respondents espoused the latter view as an appropriate response to IT developments to date.
    Ex. Especially if the new subject is one which upsets the previous structure of relationships, it will be difficult to fit into the existing order.
    Ex. An abstract covers all of the main points made in the original document, and usually follows the style and arrangement of the parent document.
    Ex. Obviously, once a choice of citation order has been made it must be kept to, otherwise, chaos will result.
    Ex. It is worth briefly observing a general approach to the creation of a data base.
    Ex. All effective indexes must have some common facets if only because the audience does not alter merely because the indexer chooses to pursue certain indexing practices.
    Ex. Whevener logical processes of thought are employed - that is, whenever thought for a time runs along an accepted groove - there is an opportunity for the machine.
    Ex. What is possibly less easy is to making sure that the guiding stays clean, neat and accurate.
    Ex. It might be striking to outline the instrumentalities of the future more spectacularly, rather than to stick closely to methods and elements now known.
    Ex. Before we proceed to look at the operators in detail, a couple of examples may help to make the layout clearer.
    Ex. There may be a very flexible communication system that overlays the administrative structure, or there may be a fairly rigid pattern of communication that adheres to the administrative lines of authority.
    Ex. If a child detects that no very strong value is placed on reading then he feels no compulsion to develop his own reading skill beyond the minimal, functional level we all need simply to carry on our daily lives in our print-dominated society.
    Ex. A plan for the construction and implementation phases will be drawn up, if it is decided to go ahead = Si se decide continuar, se elaborará un plan para las fases de construcción y puesta en práctica.
    Ex. Russell soldiered on in 'Principles of Mathematics', he pleaded a distinction between analysis by way of philosophical definitions and analysis by way of mathematical definitions.
    Ex. In 1964 he was promoted to Associate Director of the Processing Department where he succeeded John Cronin as Director four years later.
    Ex. The structure adopted hews to the theoretical model of the resilient organization as described by Enright.
    Ex. The disputes between islanders and outsiders overlie the deeper problem of administrative denial of indigenous lagoon rights.
    Ex. He was told to ' keep up whatever it is he was doing' because he was doing great!.
    Ex. But to make matters worse, and as the drought rolls on, it is very likely that it won't rain again until October or November.
    ----
    * camino a seguir, el = way forward, the.
    * como siga así = at this rate.
    * como sigue = as follows.
    * debate + seguir = debate + rage.
    * difícil de seguir = heavy going.
    * el camino a seguir = the way ahead, the way to go.
    * hay que seguir adelante = the show must go on.
    * indicar el camino a seguir = point + the way forward.
    * indicar el camino a seguir para = point + the way to.
    * las cosas siguen igual = business as usual.
    * la vida + seguir = life + go on.
    * modelos a seguir = lessons learned [lessons learnt].
    * mostrar el camino a seguir = point + the way forward.
    * no saber cómo seguir = be stuck, get + stuck.
    * no seguir una norma = fall (far) short of + norm.
    * pautas a seguir = best practices, lessons learned [lessons learnt].
    * pendiente de seguir la última moda = fashion-conscious.
    * procedimiento a seguir = code of practice.
    * que sigue = ensuing.
    * que sigue una norma = compliant (with).
    * que uno sigue a su propio ritmo = self-paced, self-guided.
    * resignarse y seguir adelante = bite + the bullet.
    * seguir activo = remain + in being, remain + in place.
    * seguir adelante = go forward, forge + ahead, forge + forward, go ahead, go straight ahead, carry through, move along, move forward, press forward (with), move + forward, continue on + Posesivo + way, move on.
    * seguir adelante con = go ahead with, stick with.
    * seguir a flote = stay in + business, stay + afloat.
    * seguir al día = remain on top of.
    * seguir Algo al pie de la letra = follow + Nombre + to the letter.
    * seguir Algo a rajatabla = follow + Nombre + to the letter.
    * seguir al pie de la letra = keep + strictly to the letter.
    * seguir al pie del cañón = soldier on.
    * seguir a rajatabla = keep + strictly to the letter.
    * seguir así = keep + it up, keep up + the good work, keep up + the great work.
    * seguir avanzando = forge + ahead, forge + forward.
    * seguir caminando = continue on + Posesivo + way.
    * seguir como antes = go on + as before.
    * seguir como modelo = pattern.
    * seguir con = go on with, maintain + continuity, maintain + momentum, stick at.
    * seguir con Algo = take + Nombre + further.
    * seguir con el buen hacer = keep up + the good work, keep up + the great work.
    * seguir con el control = stay in + control.
    * seguir con el mando = stay in + control.
    * seguir con + Posesivo + vida normal = get on with + Posesivo + life.
    * seguir considerando = consider + further.
    * seguir de cerca = monitor, stay in + control, keep + track of.
    * seguir desarrollando = develop + further.
    * seguir el buen camino = keep on + the right track, keep on + the straight and narrow.
    * seguir el camino de la verdad = keep on + the straight and narrow.
    * seguir el camino más ético = take + the high ground, take + the high road.
    * seguir el debate = follow + the thread.
    * seguir el ejemplo = follow + the lead, take after.
    * seguir el ejemplo de = take + Posesivo + cue from, take + a cue from.
    * seguir el ejemplo de Alguien = take + a leaf out of + Posesivo + book, follow + Posesivo + example.
    * seguir el hilo = follow + the thread.
    * seguir el ritmo de Algo o Alguien = keep up with + pace.
    * seguir en contacto = stay + tuned.
    * seguir en contacto (con) = stay in + touch (with), keep in + touch (with).
    * seguir en existencia = remain + in being.
    * seguir en la brecha = soldier on.
    * seguir en pie = hold + Posesivo + own, hold up.
    * seguir entre los primeros = remain on top.
    * seguir enviando + Nombre = keep + Nombre + coming.
    * seguir este camino = go along + this road.
    * seguir este rumbo = proceed + along this way.
    * seguir + Gerundio = keep on + Gerundio.
    * seguir haciéndolo así = keep up + the good work.
    * seguir haciéndolo bien = keep up + the good work.
    * seguir haciendo lo mismo = business as usual.
    * seguir igual = be none the worse for wear.
    * seguir inmediatamente = fast on the heels of, on the heels of.
    * seguir inmediatamente a = come on + the heels of.
    * seguir irreconciliable con = remain + unreconciled to.
    * seguir la conversación = follow + the thread.
    * seguir la corazonada de uno = play + Posesivo + hunches.
    * seguir la corriente = go with + the flow, go along with + the flow.
    * seguir la iniciativa = follow + the lead.
    * seguir la marcha de = monitor.
    * seguir la moda = catch + the fever.
    * seguir la pista = follow up, track, follow through, shadow, track down.
    * seguir la pista a un documento = chase + item.
    * seguir la pista de = keep + track of.
    * seguir la trayectoria = follow up, follow through.
    * seguirle el juego a, seguirle la corriente a = play along with.
    * seguirle la corriente a = play along with.
    * seguir levantado = stay up.
    * seguir líneas diferentes = be on different lines.
    * seguir lo mismo = remain + the same.
    * seguir los pasos de = follow in + the footsteps of.
    * seguir malgastando el dinero = throw + good money after bad.
    * seguir opuesto a = remain + unreconciled to.
    * seguir por delante de = keep + one step ahead of.
    * seguir por el buen camino = keep out of + trouble, keep on + the right track.
    * seguir + Posesivo + pasos = follow in + Posesivo + footsteps.
    * seguir progresando = forge + ahead, forge + forward.
    * seguirse = ensue.
    * seguir siendo = remain.
    * seguir siendo + Adjetivo = remain + Adjetivo.
    * seguir siendo lo mismo = remain + the same.
    * seguir sin agraciarse con = remain + unreconciled to.
    * seguir sin haberse traducido = remain + untranslated.
    * seguir sin reconciliarse con = remain + unreconciled to.
    * seguir sin traducirse = remain + untranslated.
    * seguir tirando el dinero = throw + good money after bad.
    * seguir trabajando aceptando una limitación = work (a)round + shortcoming, work (a)round + limitation, work (a)round + constraints.
    * seguir trabajando así = keep up + the good work.
    * seguir trabajando bien = keep up + the good work.
    * seguir tratando = discuss + further.
    * seguir una dirección = follow + path, take + path.
    * seguir una escala = fall along + a continuum.
    * seguir una estrategia = take + tack.
    * seguir una filosofía = espouse + philosophy.
    * seguir una metodología = adopt + approach.
    * seguir una práctica = adopt + practice.
    * seguir una táctica = take + tack.
    * seguir una trayectoria = follow + track.
    * seguir un camino = take + path, take + direction, tread + path, walk + path.
    * seguir un camino diferente = strike out on + a different path.
    * seguir un consejo = take + advice.
    * seguir un curso de acción = follow + track.
    * seguir un método = take + approach.
    * seguir un modelo = embrace + model, conform to + image.
    * seguir unos pasos = follow + steps.
    * seguir un patrón = conform to + image.
    * seguir un principio = adopt + convention.
    * seguir un rumbo diferente = take + a different turn.
    * seguir + Verbo = still + Verbo.
    * seguir vigente = hold + Posesivo + own.
    * seguir viviendo = live on.
    * seguir vivo = live on, stay + alive.
    * siguiendo = along.
    * siguiendo un estilo indicativo = indicatively.
    * si sigue así = at this rate.
    * si todo sigue igual = all (other) things being equal.
    * tiempo + seguir su marcha inexorable = time + march on.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1) <persona/vehículo/presa> to follow

    camina muy rápido, no la puedo seguir — she walks very fast, I can't keep up with her

    el que la sigue la consigue — (fam) if at first you don't succeed, try, try again

    2) <camino/ruta>

    siga esta carretera hasta llegar al puente — go along o follow this road as far as the bridge

    3) ( en el tiempo) to follow

    seguir a algo/alguien — to follow something/somebody

    4)
    a) <instrucciones/consejo/flecha> to follow
    b) ( basarse en) <autor/teoría/método/tradición> to follow
    5)
    a) <trámite/procedimiento> to follow
    b) (Educ) < curso> to take

    estoy siguiendo un curso de fotografía — I'm doing o taking a photography course

    6)
    a) <explicaciones/profesor> to follow

    dicta demasiado rápido, no la puedo seguir — she dictates too quickly, I can't keep up

    ¿me siguen? — are you with me?

    no sigo ese programa — I don't watch that program, I'm not following that program

    2.
    seguir vi
    1)
    a) ( por un camino) to go on

    siga derecho or todo recto hasta el final de la calle — keep o go straight on to the end of the street

    seguir de largo — (AmL) to go straight past

    b)
    c) (Col, Ven) ( entrar)

    siga por favor — come in, please

    2) (en lugar, estado)

    ¿tus padres siguen en Ginebra? — are your parents still in Geneva?

    sigue soltera/tan bonita como siempre — she's still single/as pretty as ever

    si las cosas siguen así... — if things carry on like this...

    si sigue así de trabajador, llegará lejos — if he carries on working as hard as this, he'll go a long way

    3)
    a) tareas/buen tiempo/lluvia to continue; rumores to persist
    b)

    seguir + ger: sigo pensando que deberíamos haber ido I still think we ought to have gone; sigue leyendo tú you read now; seguiré haciéndolo a mi manera — I'll go on o carry on doing it my way, I shall continue to do it my way (frml)

    4)
    a) (venir después, estar contiguo)
    b) historia/poema to continue

    ¿cómo sigue la canción? — how does the song go on?

    3.
    seguirse v pron (en 3a pers)

    de esto se sigue que... — it follows from this that...

    * * *
    = accord with, adhere to, chase, conform to, espouse, fit, follow, keep to, observe, pursue, run along, stay, stick to, proceed, overlay, carry on, go ahead, soldier on, succeed, hew to, overlie, keep up, roll on.

    Ex: So while that tracing may have accorded with a rule, it violated common sense.

    Ex: Since BC adheres closely to the educational and scientific consensus, BC found most favour with libraries in educational establishments.
    Ex: Also, in controlled indexing language data bases, there is often an assumption that a user will be prepared to chase strings of references or to consult a sometimes complex thesaurus.
    Ex: These basic permutation rules are modified somewhat to conform to bibliographic requirements.
    Ex: Most respondents espoused the latter view as an appropriate response to IT developments to date.
    Ex: Especially if the new subject is one which upsets the previous structure of relationships, it will be difficult to fit into the existing order.
    Ex: An abstract covers all of the main points made in the original document, and usually follows the style and arrangement of the parent document.
    Ex: Obviously, once a choice of citation order has been made it must be kept to, otherwise, chaos will result.
    Ex: It is worth briefly observing a general approach to the creation of a data base.
    Ex: All effective indexes must have some common facets if only because the audience does not alter merely because the indexer chooses to pursue certain indexing practices.
    Ex: Whevener logical processes of thought are employed - that is, whenever thought for a time runs along an accepted groove - there is an opportunity for the machine.
    Ex: What is possibly less easy is to making sure that the guiding stays clean, neat and accurate.
    Ex: It might be striking to outline the instrumentalities of the future more spectacularly, rather than to stick closely to methods and elements now known.
    Ex: Before we proceed to look at the operators in detail, a couple of examples may help to make the layout clearer.
    Ex: There may be a very flexible communication system that overlays the administrative structure, or there may be a fairly rigid pattern of communication that adheres to the administrative lines of authority.
    Ex: If a child detects that no very strong value is placed on reading then he feels no compulsion to develop his own reading skill beyond the minimal, functional level we all need simply to carry on our daily lives in our print-dominated society.
    Ex: A plan for the construction and implementation phases will be drawn up, if it is decided to go ahead = Si se decide continuar, se elaborará un plan para las fases de construcción y puesta en práctica.
    Ex: Russell soldiered on in 'Principles of Mathematics', he pleaded a distinction between analysis by way of philosophical definitions and analysis by way of mathematical definitions.
    Ex: In 1964 he was promoted to Associate Director of the Processing Department where he succeeded John Cronin as Director four years later.
    Ex: The structure adopted hews to the theoretical model of the resilient organization as described by Enright.
    Ex: The disputes between islanders and outsiders overlie the deeper problem of administrative denial of indigenous lagoon rights.
    Ex: He was told to ' keep up whatever it is he was doing' because he was doing great!.
    Ex: But to make matters worse, and as the drought rolls on, it is very likely that it won't rain again until October or November.
    * camino a seguir, el = way forward, the.
    * como siga así = at this rate.
    * como sigue = as follows.
    * debate + seguir = debate + rage.
    * difícil de seguir = heavy going.
    * el camino a seguir = the way ahead, the way to go.
    * hay que seguir adelante = the show must go on.
    * indicar el camino a seguir = point + the way forward.
    * indicar el camino a seguir para = point + the way to.
    * las cosas siguen igual = business as usual.
    * la vida + seguir = life + go on.
    * modelos a seguir = lessons learned [lessons learnt].
    * mostrar el camino a seguir = point + the way forward.
    * no saber cómo seguir = be stuck, get + stuck.
    * no seguir una norma = fall (far) short of + norm.
    * pautas a seguir = best practices, lessons learned [lessons learnt].
    * pendiente de seguir la última moda = fashion-conscious.
    * procedimiento a seguir = code of practice.
    * que sigue = ensuing.
    * que sigue una norma = compliant (with).
    * que uno sigue a su propio ritmo = self-paced, self-guided.
    * resignarse y seguir adelante = bite + the bullet.
    * seguir activo = remain + in being, remain + in place.
    * seguir adelante = go forward, forge + ahead, forge + forward, go ahead, go straight ahead, carry through, move along, move forward, press forward (with), move + forward, continue on + Posesivo + way, move on.
    * seguir adelante con = go ahead with, stick with.
    * seguir a flote = stay in + business, stay + afloat.
    * seguir al día = remain on top of.
    * seguir Algo al pie de la letra = follow + Nombre + to the letter.
    * seguir Algo a rajatabla = follow + Nombre + to the letter.
    * seguir al pie de la letra = keep + strictly to the letter.
    * seguir al pie del cañón = soldier on.
    * seguir a rajatabla = keep + strictly to the letter.
    * seguir así = keep + it up, keep up + the good work, keep up + the great work.
    * seguir avanzando = forge + ahead, forge + forward.
    * seguir caminando = continue on + Posesivo + way.
    * seguir como antes = go on + as before.
    * seguir como modelo = pattern.
    * seguir con = go on with, maintain + continuity, maintain + momentum, stick at.
    * seguir con Algo = take + Nombre + further.
    * seguir con el buen hacer = keep up + the good work, keep up + the great work.
    * seguir con el control = stay in + control.
    * seguir con el mando = stay in + control.
    * seguir con + Posesivo + vida normal = get on with + Posesivo + life.
    * seguir considerando = consider + further.
    * seguir de cerca = monitor, stay in + control, keep + track of.
    * seguir desarrollando = develop + further.
    * seguir el buen camino = keep on + the right track, keep on + the straight and narrow.
    * seguir el camino de la verdad = keep on + the straight and narrow.
    * seguir el camino más ético = take + the high ground, take + the high road.
    * seguir el debate = follow + the thread.
    * seguir el ejemplo = follow + the lead, take after.
    * seguir el ejemplo de = take + Posesivo + cue from, take + a cue from.
    * seguir el ejemplo de Alguien = take + a leaf out of + Posesivo + book, follow + Posesivo + example.
    * seguir el hilo = follow + the thread.
    * seguir el ritmo de Algo o Alguien = keep up with + pace.
    * seguir en contacto = stay + tuned.
    * seguir en contacto (con) = stay in + touch (with), keep in + touch (with).
    * seguir en existencia = remain + in being.
    * seguir en la brecha = soldier on.
    * seguir en pie = hold + Posesivo + own, hold up.
    * seguir entre los primeros = remain on top.
    * seguir enviando + Nombre = keep + Nombre + coming.
    * seguir este camino = go along + this road.
    * seguir este rumbo = proceed + along this way.
    * seguir + Gerundio = keep on + Gerundio.
    * seguir haciéndolo así = keep up + the good work.
    * seguir haciéndolo bien = keep up + the good work.
    * seguir haciendo lo mismo = business as usual.
    * seguir igual = be none the worse for wear.
    * seguir inmediatamente = fast on the heels of, on the heels of.
    * seguir inmediatamente a = come on + the heels of.
    * seguir irreconciliable con = remain + unreconciled to.
    * seguir la conversación = follow + the thread.
    * seguir la corazonada de uno = play + Posesivo + hunches.
    * seguir la corriente = go with + the flow, go along with + the flow.
    * seguir la iniciativa = follow + the lead.
    * seguir la marcha de = monitor.
    * seguir la moda = catch + the fever.
    * seguir la pista = follow up, track, follow through, shadow, track down.
    * seguir la pista a un documento = chase + item.
    * seguir la pista de = keep + track of.
    * seguir la trayectoria = follow up, follow through.
    * seguirle el juego a, seguirle la corriente a = play along with.
    * seguirle la corriente a = play along with.
    * seguir levantado = stay up.
    * seguir líneas diferentes = be on different lines.
    * seguir lo mismo = remain + the same.
    * seguir los pasos de = follow in + the footsteps of.
    * seguir malgastando el dinero = throw + good money after bad.
    * seguir opuesto a = remain + unreconciled to.
    * seguir por delante de = keep + one step ahead of.
    * seguir por el buen camino = keep out of + trouble, keep on + the right track.
    * seguir + Posesivo + pasos = follow in + Posesivo + footsteps.
    * seguir progresando = forge + ahead, forge + forward.
    * seguirse = ensue.
    * seguir siendo = remain.
    * seguir siendo + Adjetivo = remain + Adjetivo.
    * seguir siendo lo mismo = remain + the same.
    * seguir sin agraciarse con = remain + unreconciled to.
    * seguir sin haberse traducido = remain + untranslated.
    * seguir sin reconciliarse con = remain + unreconciled to.
    * seguir sin traducirse = remain + untranslated.
    * seguir tirando el dinero = throw + good money after bad.
    * seguir trabajando aceptando una limitación = work (a)round + shortcoming, work (a)round + limitation, work (a)round + constraints.
    * seguir trabajando así = keep up + the good work.
    * seguir trabajando bien = keep up + the good work.
    * seguir tratando = discuss + further.
    * seguir una dirección = follow + path, take + path.
    * seguir una escala = fall along + a continuum.
    * seguir una estrategia = take + tack.
    * seguir una filosofía = espouse + philosophy.
    * seguir una metodología = adopt + approach.
    * seguir una práctica = adopt + practice.
    * seguir una táctica = take + tack.
    * seguir una trayectoria = follow + track.
    * seguir un camino = take + path, take + direction, tread + path, walk + path.
    * seguir un camino diferente = strike out on + a different path.
    * seguir un consejo = take + advice.
    * seguir un curso de acción = follow + track.
    * seguir un método = take + approach.
    * seguir un modelo = embrace + model, conform to + image.
    * seguir unos pasos = follow + steps.
    * seguir un patrón = conform to + image.
    * seguir un principio = adopt + convention.
    * seguir un rumbo diferente = take + a different turn.
    * seguir + Verbo = still + Verbo.
    * seguir vigente = hold + Posesivo + own.
    * seguir viviendo = live on.
    * seguir vivo = live on, stay + alive.
    * siguiendo = along.
    * siguiendo un estilo indicativo = indicatively.
    * si sigue así = at this rate.
    * si todo sigue igual = all (other) things being equal.
    * tiempo + seguir su marcha inexorable = time + march on.

    * * *
    seguir [ I30 ]
    vt
    A ‹persona/vehículo› to follow; ‹presa› to follow
    sígame, por favor follow me, please
    la hizo seguir por un detective he had her followed by a detective
    camina muy rápido, no la puedo seguir she walks very fast, I can't keep up with her
    siga (a) ese coche follow that car!
    creo que nos están siguiendo I think we're being followed
    la siguió con la mirada he followed her with his eyes
    le venían siguiendo los movimientos desde hacía meses they had been watching his movements for months
    seguidos cada vez más de cerca por los japoneses with the Japanese catching up o gaining on them all the time
    la mala suerte la seguía a todas partes she was dogged by bad luck wherever she went
    el que la sigue la consigue or la mata ( fam); if at first you don't succeed, try, try again
    B ‹camino/ruta›
    siga esta carretera hasta llegar al puente go along o take o follow this road as far as the bridge
    continuamos el viaje siguiendo la costa we continued our journey following the coast
    me paré a saludarla y seguí mi camino I stopped to say hello to her and went on my way
    si se sigue este camino se pasa por Capileira if you take this route you go through Capileira
    seguimos las huellas del animal hasta el río we tracked the animal to the river
    la enfermedad sigue su curso normal the illness is taking o running its normal course
    el tour sigue la ruta de Bolívar the tour follows the route taken by Bolivar
    siguiéndole los pasos al hermano mayor, decidió estudiar medicina following in his elder brother's footsteps, he decided to study medicine
    C (en el tiempo) to follow seguir A algo/algn to follow sth/sb
    los disturbios que siguieron a la manifestación the disturbances that followed the demonstration
    el hermano que me sigue está en Asunción the brother who comes after me is in Asunción
    D
    1 ‹instrucciones/consejo› to follow
    tienes que seguir el dictamen de tu conciencia you must be guided by your conscience
    2 (basarse en) ‹autor/teoría/método› to follow
    en su clasificación sigue a Sheldon he follows Sheldon in his classification
    sus esculturas siguen el modelo clásico her sculptures are in the classical style
    sigue a Kant she's a follower of Kant's philosophy
    sigue las líneas establecidas por nuestro fundador it follows the lines laid down by our founder
    E
    1 ‹trámite/procedimiento› to follow
    va a tener que seguir un tratamiento especial/una dieta hipocalórica you will have to undergo special treatment/follow a low-calorie diet
    se seguirá contra usted el procedimiento de suspensión del permiso de conducción steps will be taken leading to the withdrawal of your driver's license
    2 ( Educ) ‹curso› to take
    estoy siguiendo un cursillo de fotografía I'm doing o taking a short photography course
    ¿qué carrera piensas seguir? what are you thinking of studying o reading?
    F
    1 ‹explicaciones/profesor› to follow
    dicta demasiado rápido, no la puedo seguir she dictates too quickly, I can't keep up
    me cuesta seguir una conversación en francés I find it hard to follow a conversation in French
    ¿me siguen? are you with me?
    2
    (permanecer atento a): no sigo ese programa I don't watch that program, I'm not following that program
    sigue atentamente el curso de los acontecimientos he's following the course of events very closely
    sigue paso a paso la vida de su ídolo she keeps track of every detail of her idol's life
    seguimos muy de cerca su desarrollo we are keeping careful track of its development, we are following its development very closely
    ■ seguir
    vi
    A
    1 (por un camino) to go on
    siga derecho or todo recto hasta el final de la calle keep o go straight on to the end of the street
    sigue por esta calle hasta el semáforo go on down this street as far as the traffic lights
    el tren sigue hasta Salto the train goes on to Salto
    desde allí hay que seguir a pie/en mula from there you have to go on on foot/by mule
    2
    seguir adelante: ¿entienden? bien, entonces sigamos adelante do you understand? good, then let's carry on
    llueve ¿regresamos? — no, sigamos adelante it's raining, shall we go back? — no, let's go on o carry on
    resolvieron seguir adelante con los planes they decided to go ahead with their plans
    3
    ( Col) (entrar): siga por favor come in, please
    B
    (en un lugar, un estado): ¿tus padres siguen en Ginebra? are your parents still in Geneva?
    espero que sigan todos bien I hope you're all keeping well
    ¿sigues con la idea de mudarte? do you still intend to move?, are you still thinking of moving?
    sigo sin entender I still don't understand
    sigue soltera/tan bonita como siempre she's still single/as pretty as ever
    si sigue así de trabajador, llegará lejos if he carries on working as hard as this, he'll go a long way
    C
    1
    «tareas/investigaciones/rumores»: siguen las investigaciones en torno al crimen investigations are continuing into the crime
    sigue el buen tiempo en todo el país the good weather is continuing throughout the country, the whole country is still enjoying good weather
    si siguen estos rumores if these rumors persist
    2 seguir + GER:
    sigo pensando que deberíamos haber ido I still think we ought to have gone
    sigue leyendo tú, Elsa you read now, Elsa
    si sigues molestando te voy a echar if you carry on being a nuisance, I'm going to send you out
    seguiré haciéndolo a mi manera I'll go on o carry on doing it my way, I shall continue to do it my way ( frml)
    D
    1
    (venir después, estar contiguo): lee lo que sigue read what follows, read what comes next
    el capítulo que sigue the next chapter
    me bajo en la parada que sigue I get off at the next stop
    sigue una hora de música clásica there follows an hour of classical music
    2 «historia/poema» to continue
    ¿cómo sigue la canción? how does the song go on?
    [ S ] sigue en la página 8 continued on page 8
    la lista definitiva ha quedado como sigue the final list is as follows
    ( en tercera persona) seguirse DE algo to follow FROM sth
    de esto se sigue que su muerte no fue accidental it follows from this that her death was not accidental
    * * *

     

    seguir ( conjugate seguir) verbo transitivo
    1 ‹persona/vehículo/presa› to follow;
    ◊ camina muy rápido, no la puedo seguir she walks very fast, I can't keep up with her

    2 ‹camino/ruta› to follow, go along;
    ◊ siga esta carretera hasta llegar al puente go along o follow this road as far as the bridge;

    la saludé y seguí mi camino I said hello to her and went on (my way);
    la enfermedad sigue su curso normal the illness is running its normal course
    3
    a) ‹instrucciones/consejo/flecha› to follow

    b) ‹autor/método/tradición/moda› to follow;


    4
    a) ‹trámite/procedimiento› to follow;

    ‹ tratamiento› to undergo
    b) (Educ) ‹ curso› to do, take

    5 ‹explicaciones/profesor› to follow;
    ◊ dicta demasiado rápido, no la puedo seguir she dictates too quickly, I can't keep up

    verbo intransitivo
    1

    siga derecho or todo recto keep o go straight on;

    seguir de largo (AmL) to go straight past
    b)


    resolvieron seguir adelante con los planes they decided to go ahead with their plans
    c) (Col, Ven) ( entrar):

    ◊ siga por favor come in, please

    2 (en lugar, estado):
    ◊ ¿tus padres siguen en Ginebra? are your parents still in Geneva?;

    espero que sigan todos bien I hope you're all keeping well;
    sigue soltera she's still single;
    si las cosas siguen así … if things carry on like this …
    3 [tareas/buen tiempo/lluvia] to continue;
    [ rumores] to persist;

    seguiré haciéndolo a mi manera I'll go on o carry on doing it my way
    4


    el capítulo que sigue the next chapter
    b) [historia/poema] to continue, go on

    seguir
    I verbo transitivo
    1 to follow: ésta es la hermana que me sigue, she's the sister who comes after me
    me sigue a todas partes, he follows me wherever I go
    me seguía con la mirada, his eyes followed me
    2 (comprender) to understand, follow: no soy capaz de seguir el argumento, I can't follow the plot
    3 (una ruta, un camino, consejo) to follow
    4 (el ritmo, la moda) to keep: no sigues el ritmo, you aren't keeping time
    5 (el rastro, las huellas) to track
    6 (una actividad) sigue un curso de informática, she's doing a computer course
    II verbo intransitivo
    1 (continuar) to keep (on), go on: seguiremos mañana, we'll continue tomorrow
    siguen casados, they are still married
    sigue tirando de la cuerda, keep (on) pulling at the rope ➣ Ver nota en continue y keep 2 (extenderse, llegar hasta) to stretch (out): los sembrados siguen hasta la ribera, the fields stretch down to the river-bank
    ' seguir' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    atorarse
    - continuar
    - escala
    - golpe
    - impulsar
    - juego
    - profesar
    - rastrear
    - ritmo
    - sino
    - suceder
    - trece
    - adelante
    - bordear
    - camino
    - cauce
    - cerca
    - línea
    - llevar
    - moda
    - paso
    - perro
    - racha
    - separar
    - siga
    - sigo
    - trazar
    - ver
    English:
    act on
    - advice
    - along
    - carry on
    - closely
    - continue
    - despite
    - ensue
    - fight on
    - follow
    - follow up
    - forge
    - get on
    - go ahead
    - go on
    - go through with
    - hope
    - hotly
    - keep
    - keep on
    - lead
    - march on
    - monitor
    - move on
    - obey
    - pick up
    - play on
    - play upon
    - practice
    - practise
    - press ahead
    - proceed
    - pursue
    - push ahead
    - push on
    - rattle on
    - reasoning
    - run on
    - send on
    - shadow
    - soldier on
    - stalk
    - stand
    - stay out
    - struggle on
    - succeed
    - tail
    - take
    - track
    - trail
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [ir detrás de, tomar la ruta de] to follow;
    tú ve delante, que yo te sigo you go ahead, I'll follow o I'll go behind;
    síganme, por favor follow me, please;
    la generación que nos sigue o [m5] que sigue a la nuestra the next generation, the generation after us;
    sigue este sendero hasta llegar a un bosque follow this path until you come to a forest;
    seguir el rastro de alguien/algo to follow sb's/sth's tracks;
    siga la flecha [en letrero] follow the arrow
    2. [perseguir] to follow;
    me parece que nos siguen I think we're being followed;
    parece que le siguen los problemas trouble seems to follow him around wherever he goes;
    el que la sigue la consigue where there's a will there's a way
    3. [estar atento a, imitar, obedecer] to follow;
    seguían con la vista la trayectoria de la bola they followed the ball with their eyes;
    no seguimos ese programa we don't follow that programme;
    seguir algo de cerca [su desarrollo, sus resultados] to follow o monitor sth closely;
    siempre sigue los dictámenes de la moda she always follows the latest fashion;
    los que siguen a Keynes followers of Keynes;
    el cuadro sigue una línea clásica the painting is classical in style;
    seguir las órdenes/instrucciones de alguien to follow sb's orders/instructions;
    sigue mi consejo y habla con ella take my advice and talk to her;
    siguiendo sus indicaciones, hemos cancelado el pedido we have cancelled the order as instructed
    4. [reanudar, continuar] to continue, to resume;
    yo seguí mi trabajo/camino I continued with my work/on my way;
    él siguió su discurso he continued o resumed his speech
    5. [comprender] [explicación, profesor, conferenciante] to follow;
    me costaba seguirle I found her hard to follow;
    ¿me sigues? do you follow?, are you with me?
    6. [mantener, someterse a] to follow;
    hay que seguir un cierto orden you have to follow o do things in a certain order;
    seguiremos el procedimiento habitual we will follow the usual procedure;
    es difícil seguirle (el ritmo), va muy deprisa it's hard to keep up with him, he goes very quickly;
    los aspirantes elegidos seguirán un proceso de formación the chosen candidates will receive o undergo training
    7. [cursar]
    sigue un curso de italiano he's doing an Italian course;
    sigue la carrera de medicina she's studying medicine
    ♦ vi
    1. [proseguir, no detenerse] to continue, to go on;
    ¡sigue, no te pares! go o carry on, don't stop!;
    aquí se baja él, yo sigo [al taxista] he's getting out here, I'm going on;
    siga con su trabajo carry on with your work;
    el sendero sigue hasta la cima the path continues o carries on to the top;
    "sigue la crisis en la bolsa de Tokio" Tokyo stock market crisis continues;
    debes seguir haciéndolo you should keep on o carry on doing it;
    ¿vas a seguir intentándolo? are you going to keep trying?;
    se seguían viendo de vez en cuando they still saw each other from time to time, they continued to see each other from time to time;
    seguir adelante (con algo) [con planes, proyectos] to go ahead (with sth)
    2. [mantenerse, permanecer]
    sigue enferma/en el hospital she's still ill/in hospital;
    ¿qué tal sigue la familia? how's the family getting on o keeping?;
    todo sigue igual everything's still the same, nothing has changed;
    sigue el buen tiempo en el sur del país the good weather in the south of the country is continuing;
    sigo trabajando en la fábrica I'm still working at the factory;
    ¿la sigues queriendo? do you still love her?;
    sigo pensando que está mal I still think it's wrong;
    sigue habiendo dudas sobre… doubts remain about…;
    ¡buen trabajo, sigue así! good work, keep it up!;
    si seguimos jugando así, ganaremos la liga if we carry on o keep playing like that, we'll win the league;
    Fam
    a seguir bien [como despedida] take care, look after yourself;
    de seguir así las cosas, si las cosas siguen así if things go on like this, the way things are going
    3. [tomar un camino]
    el resto siguió por otro camino the rest went another way;
    seguiremos hacia el este we'll go east then;
    siga todo recto go straight on;
    siga hasta el siguiente semáforo carry on till you get to the next set of traffic lights
    4. [sucederse, ir después] to follow;
    lo que sigue es una cita del Corán the following is a quotation from the Koran;
    seguir a algo to follow sth;
    la lluvia siguió a los truenos the thunder was followed by rain;
    ¿cómo sigue el chiste? how does the joke go on o continue?;
    el proceso de selección se realizará como sigue:… the selection process will be carried out as follows:…;
    sigue en la página 20 [en periódico, libro] continued on page 20
    5. Col [para dar permiso] please do;
    con permiso, ¿puedo entrar? – siga excuse me, can I come in? – please do
    * * *
    I v/t
    1 consejo, camino, moda etc follow;
    seguir a alguien follow s.o.
    :
    seguir fiel a alguien remain faithful to s.o.
    II v/i continue, carry on;
    seguir con algo continue with sth, carry on with sth;
    seguir haciendo algo go on doing sth, continue to do sth;
    sigue cometiendo los mismos errores he keeps on making the same mistakes;
    sigue enfadado conmigo he’s still angry with me;
    ¡a seguir bien! take care!, take it easy!
    * * *
    seguir {75} vt
    1) : to follow
    el sol sigue la lluvia: sunshine follows the rain
    seguiré tu consejo: I'll follow your advice
    me siguieron con la mirada: they followed me with their eyes
    2) : to go along, to keep on
    seguimos toda la carretera panamericana: we continued along the PanAmerican Highway
    siguió hablando: he kept on talking
    seguir el curso: to stay on course
    3) : to take (a course, a treatment)
    seguir vi
    1) : to go on, to keep going
    sigue adelante: keep going, carry on
    2) : to remain, to continue to be
    ¿todavía sigues aquí?: you're still here?
    sigue con vida: she's still alive
    3) : to follow, to come after
    la frase que sigue: the following sentence
    * * *
    seguir vb
    1. (en general) to follow
    3. (recorrer) to go on
    ¡sigue! No te pares go on! Don't stop!
    4. (continuar) to be still

    Spanish-English dictionary > seguir

  • 6 base

    adj.
    host.
    f.
    base de maquillaje foundation (cream)
    2 basis (fundamento, origen).
    el petróleo es la base de su economía their economy is based on oil
    ese argumento se cae por su base that argument is built on sand
    partimos de la base de que… we assume that…
    sentar las bases para to lay the foundations of
    3 base.
    base aérea air base
    base espacial space station
    base de lanzamiento launch site
    base naval naval base
    base de operaciones operational base
    4 base (chemistry).
    5 base (math & geometry).
    6 base.
    7 makeup.
    8 radix, base of a system of numbers or logarithms.
    pres.subj.
    1st person singular (yo) Present Subjunctive of Spanish verb: basar.
    * * *
    1 (gen) base
    2 figurado basis
    ■ si partimos de la base de que... if we start from the premise that...
    3 QUÍMICA base, alkali
    2 las bases (de partido etc) grass roots, rank and file
    \
    a base de (por) through, by means of, using 2 (de) consisting of
    en base a based on, on the basis of
    base aérea air base
    base de datos database
    base de datos documental documentary database
    base de datos relacional relational database
    base de lanzamiento launch site
    base de operaciones operational headquarters
    base imponible taxable income
    base naval naval base
    * * *
    noun f.
    1) base
    •
    * * *
    1. SF
    1) (=parte inferior) base
    2) (=fondo) [de pintura] background; [de maquillaje] foundation
    3) (=fundamento) basis

    • carecer de base — [acusación] to lack foundation, be unfounded; [argumento] to lack justification, be unjustified

    • de base — [error, dato] basic, fundamental; [activista, apoyo] grass-roots antes de s

    • en base a [uso periodístico] —

    en base a que: no publicaron la carta en base a que era demasiado larga — they didn't publish the letter because it was too long

    • partir de una base, un juez tiene que partir de una base de neutralidad absoluta — a judge must start out from a position of absolute neutrality

    partiendo de esta base, nos planteamos la necesidad... — on this assumption, we think it necessary...

    partir de la base de que... — to take as one's starting point that...

    • sentar las bases de algo — to lay the foundations of sth

    • sobre la base de algo — on the basis of sth

    4) (=componente principal)

    • a base de algo, una dieta a base de arroz — a rice-based diet, a diet based on rice

    un plato a base de verduras — a vegetable-based dish, a dish based on vegetables

    • a base de hacer algo — by doing sth

    así, a base de no hacer nada, poco vas a conseguir — you won't achieve much by doing nothing

    a base de insistir, la convenció para comprar la casa — by o through his insistence, he persuaded her to buy the house

    base imponible — (Econ) taxable income

    5) (=conocimientos básicos) grounding
    6) (Mil) base
    7) pl bases
    a) (=condiciones) [de concurso] conditions, rules; [de convocatoria] requirements
    b) (Pol)
    8) (Inform)
    9) (Mat) [en una potencia] base
    10) (Quím) base
    11) (Téc) base, mounting
    12) (Agrimensura) base, base line
    13) (Ling) (tb: base derivativa) base form
    14) (Béisbol) base
    15) ** (=droga) base
    2.
    SMF (Baloncesto) guard
    3. ADJ INV
    1) (=de partida) [campamento, campo] base antes de s ; [puerto] home antes de s
    2) (=básico) [idea] basic; [documento, texto] provisional, draft

    • alimento base — staple (food)

    • color base — base colour o (EEUU) color

    salario, sueldo
    * * *
    I
    1)
    a) ( parte inferior) base
    b) tb
    2)

    a base de: a base de descansar se fue recuperando by resting she gradually recovered; un régimen a base de verdura a vegetable-based diet; vive a base de pastillas he lives on pills; de base <planteamiento/error> fundamental, basic; < militante> rank-and-file (before n), ordinary (before n); < movimiento> grass-roots (before n); en base a (crit) on the basis of; a base de bien (Esp fam): comimos a base de bien — we ate really well

    base aérea/naval/militar — air/naval/military base

    5)

    las bases — (Pol) the rank and file (pl)

    6) (Mat, Quím) base
    7) bases femenino plural ( de concurso) rules (pl)
    8)
    a) ( en béisbol) base
    b) base masculino y femenino ( en baloncesto) guard
    II
    adjetivo invariable
    a) (básico, elemental) basic; <documento/texto> draft (before n)
    b) < campamento> base (before n)
    * * *
    = base, base, base plate, basis [bases, -pl.], basis [bases, -pl.], bedrock, core, cornerstone [corner-stone], foundation, grounding, underpinning, cradle, warp and woof.
    Ex. The reader should now have a reasonably firm base from which to begin a more detailed reading of the specification of elements.
    Ex. The base of a notation is the set of symbols used in a specific notation.
    Ex. The two windows in the base plate of the scanner help move the read head accurately across the bar codes.
    Ex. These factors form the basis of the problems in identifying a satisfactory subject approach, and start to explain the vast array of different tolls used in the subject approach to knowledge.
    Ex. These factors form the basis of the problems in identifying a satisfactory subject approach, and start to explain the vast array of different tolls used in the subject approach to knowledge.
    Ex. We are the bedrock of our profession and the standards that we attain fundamentally affect the status of the profession.
    Ex. The main list of index terms is the core of the thesaurus and defines the index language.
    Ex. Abstracts are the cornerstone of secondary publications.
    Ex. In the same way that citation orders may have more or less theoretical foundations, equally reference generation may follow a predetermined pattern.
    Ex. The experience gained with these special schemes provided a grounding for work on the development of a new general scheme.
    Ex. The criteria must be subject to continuing review and annual updating if they are to remain valid as the underpinning for a professional activity.
    Ex. 'I have to leave fairly soon,' he said as he returned the receiver to its cradle, 'so let's get down to business'.
    Ex. Training in self-help is part of the warp and woof of any tenable theory of reference work.
    ----
    * a base de = in the form of, on a diet of.
    * a base de carne = meaty [meatier -comp., meatiest -sup.].
    * a base de cometer errores = the hard way.
    * a base de errores = the hard way.
    * afianzar las bases = strengthen + foundations.
    * aplicar una capa base = prime.
    * aprender Algo a base de cometer errores = learn + Nombre + the hard way.
    * banda de base = baseband.
    * basado en un gestor de bases de datos = DBMS-based.
    * base cognitiva = knowledge base [knowledge-base].
    * base de datos = data bank [databank], database [data base], database software.
    * base de datos automatizada = computer database, computer-held database, computerised database, machine-readable database.
    * base de datos bibliográfica = bibliographic database.
    * base de datos bibliográfica de resúmenes = abstracts based bibliographic database.
    * base de datos catalográfica = catalogue database, cataloguing database.
    * base de datos comercial = commercial database.
    * base de datos completa = full-provision database.
    * base de datos con información confidencial = intelligence database.
    * base de datos cruzada = cross database.
    * base de datos de acceso mediante suscripción = subscription database.
    * base de datos de autoridades = authority database.
    * base de datos de carburantes = TULSA.
    * base de datos de documentos primarios = source database.
    * base de datos de documentos secundarios = reference database.
    * base de datos de dominio público = public domain database.
    * base de datos de educación = ERIC.
    * base de datos de imágenes = image database, image bank.
    * base de datos de investigación = research database.
    * base de datos del gobierno de USA = CRECORD, FEDREG.
    * base de datos de lógica difusa = fuzzy database.
    * base de datos de medicina = MEDLINE.
    * base de datos de negocios = business database.
    * base de datos de pago = subscription database.
    * base de datos de patentes = WPI.
    * base de datos de propiedades = properties database.
    * base de datos de referencia = reference database.
    * base de datos de referencia a especialistas = referral database.
    * base de datos de registros de catálogo = catalogue record database.
    * base de datos de texto = textual data base, text-oriented database, text database.
    * base de datos de texto completo = full text database.
    * base de datos de texto libre = free text database.
    * base de datos dirigida a un mercado específico = niche database.
    * base de datos distribuida = distributed database.
    * base de datos documental = textual data base.
    * base de datos en CD-ROM = CD-ROM database.
    * base de datos en disco óptico = optical disc database.
    * base de datos en estado original = raw database.
    * base de datos en línea = online database.
    * base de datos estadística = statistical database.
    * base de datos externa = external database.
    * base de datos factual = factual database.
    * base de datos financiera = financial database.
    * base de datos interna = in-house database.
    * base de datos jurídica = legal database.
    * base de datos local = local area database.
    * base de datos multimedia = multimedia database.
    * base de datos no bibliográfica = non-bibliographic database.
    * base de datos numérica = numeric database, numerical database.
    * base de datos numérico-textual = textual-numeric database, text-numeric database.
    * base de datos relacional = relational database.
    * base de datos residente = resident database.
    * base de datos terminológica = terminology database.
    * base de datos textual = textual data base.
    * base de operaciones = home base.
    * base de un número = subscript numeral.
    * base impositiva = tax base.
    * base lógica = rationale.
    * base militar = military base.
    * bases = background.
    * base teórica = theoretical underpinning, theoretical underpinning.
    * búsqueda en múltiples bases de datos = cross database searching.
    * campamento base = base camp.
    * comenzar desde la base = start at + ground zero.
    * como base para = as a basis for.
    * con base de arena = sand-based.
    * con base empírica = empirically-based.
    * con base en = based in.
    * conformar las bases = set + the framework.
    * conocimiento de base = foundation study.
    * constituir la base = form + the foundation.
    * constituir la base de = form + the basis of.
    * construir la base = form + the skeleton.
    * creador de bases de datos = database producer.
    * crear una base = form + a basis.
    * de base popular = grassroots [grass-roots].
    * descubrimiento de información en las bases de datos = knowledge discovery in databases (KDD).
    * directorio de empresas en base de datos = company directory database.
    * distribuidor de bases de datos = online system host, database host, host system, online service vendor.
    * distribuidor de bases de datos en línea = online vendor.
    * empezar desde la base = start at + ground zero.
    * en base a = in terms of, on the grounds that/of, on the basis of.
    * en la base = at the core (of).
    * en su base = at its core.
    * específico de una base de datos = database-specific.
    * formar la base = form + the foundation.
    * formar la base de = form + the basis of.
    * gestión de bases de datos = database management.
    * gestor de bases de datos = database management system (DBMS), DBMS system.
    * gestor de bases de datos relacionales = relational database management system.
    * hecho a base de parches = patchwork.
    * industria de las bases de datos = database industry.
    * línea base = baseline [base line].
    * meta base de datos = meta-database.
    * montar una base de datos = mount + database.
    * novela escrita a base de fórmulas o clichés = formula fiction.
    * organismo de base popular = grassroots organisation.
    * partir de la base de que = start from + the premise that, build on + the premise that.
    * poner las bases = lay + foundation, lay + the basis for.
    * portada de una base de datos = file banner.
    * presupuesto de base cero = zero-base(d) budgeting (ZZB), zero-base(d) budget.
    * productor de bases de datos = database producer.
    * programa de gestión de bases de datos = database management software.
    * proveedor de bases de datos = database provider.
    * que funciona a base de órdenes = command-driven.
    * remedio a base de hierbas = herbal remedy.
    * sentar base = make + things happen.
    * sentar las bases = lay + foundation, set + the scene, set + the wheels in motion, set + the tone, set + the framework, set + the pattern, provide + the basis, lay + the basis for, provide + the material for.
    * sentar las bases de Algo = lay + the groundwork for.
    * ser la base de = be at the core of, form + the basis of, be at the heart of.
    * sin base = unsupported, ill-founded.
    * sobre base de arena = sand-based.
    * sobre esta base = on this basis, on that basis.
    * sobre la base de = in relation to, on the usual basis.
    * subsistir a base de = live on.
    * tipo de interés base = base rate, prime rate.
    * tratamiento a base de hierbas = herbal treatment.
    * * *
    I
    1)
    a) ( parte inferior) base
    b) tb
    2)

    a base de: a base de descansar se fue recuperando by resting she gradually recovered; un régimen a base de verdura a vegetable-based diet; vive a base de pastillas he lives on pills; de base <planteamiento/error> fundamental, basic; < militante> rank-and-file (before n), ordinary (before n); < movimiento> grass-roots (before n); en base a (crit) on the basis of; a base de bien (Esp fam): comimos a base de bien — we ate really well

    base aérea/naval/militar — air/naval/military base

    5)

    las bases — (Pol) the rank and file (pl)

    6) (Mat, Quím) base
    7) bases femenino plural ( de concurso) rules (pl)
    8)
    a) ( en béisbol) base
    b) base masculino y femenino ( en baloncesto) guard
    II
    adjetivo invariable
    a) (básico, elemental) basic; <documento/texto> draft (before n)
    b) < campamento> base (before n)
    * * *
    = base, base, base plate, basis [bases, -pl.], basis [bases, -pl.], bedrock, core, cornerstone [corner-stone], foundation, grounding, underpinning, cradle, warp and woof.

    Ex: The reader should now have a reasonably firm base from which to begin a more detailed reading of the specification of elements.

    Ex: The base of a notation is the set of symbols used in a specific notation.
    Ex: The two windows in the base plate of the scanner help move the read head accurately across the bar codes.
    Ex: These factors form the basis of the problems in identifying a satisfactory subject approach, and start to explain the vast array of different tolls used in the subject approach to knowledge.
    Ex: These factors form the basis of the problems in identifying a satisfactory subject approach, and start to explain the vast array of different tolls used in the subject approach to knowledge.
    Ex: We are the bedrock of our profession and the standards that we attain fundamentally affect the status of the profession.
    Ex: The main list of index terms is the core of the thesaurus and defines the index language.
    Ex: Abstracts are the cornerstone of secondary publications.
    Ex: In the same way that citation orders may have more or less theoretical foundations, equally reference generation may follow a predetermined pattern.
    Ex: The experience gained with these special schemes provided a grounding for work on the development of a new general scheme.
    Ex: The criteria must be subject to continuing review and annual updating if they are to remain valid as the underpinning for a professional activity.
    Ex: 'I have to leave fairly soon,' he said as he returned the receiver to its cradle, 'so let's get down to business'.
    Ex: Training in self-help is part of the warp and woof of any tenable theory of reference work.
    * a base de = in the form of, on a diet of.
    * a base de carne = meaty [meatier -comp., meatiest -sup.].
    * a base de cometer errores = the hard way.
    * a base de errores = the hard way.
    * afianzar las bases = strengthen + foundations.
    * aplicar una capa base = prime.
    * aprender Algo a base de cometer errores = learn + Nombre + the hard way.
    * banda de base = baseband.
    * basado en un gestor de bases de datos = DBMS-based.
    * base cognitiva = knowledge base [knowledge-base].
    * base de datos = data bank [databank], database [data base], database software.
    * base de datos automatizada = computer database, computer-held database, computerised database, machine-readable database.
    * base de datos bibliográfica = bibliographic database.
    * base de datos bibliográfica de resúmenes = abstracts based bibliographic database.
    * base de datos catalográfica = catalogue database, cataloguing database.
    * base de datos comercial = commercial database.
    * base de datos completa = full-provision database.
    * base de datos con información confidencial = intelligence database.
    * base de datos cruzada = cross database.
    * base de datos de acceso mediante suscripción = subscription database.
    * base de datos de autoridades = authority database.
    * base de datos de carburantes = TULSA.
    * base de datos de documentos primarios = source database.
    * base de datos de documentos secundarios = reference database.
    * base de datos de dominio público = public domain database.
    * base de datos de educación = ERIC.
    * base de datos de imágenes = image database, image bank.
    * base de datos de investigación = research database.
    * base de datos del gobierno de USA = CRECORD, FEDREG.
    * base de datos de lógica difusa = fuzzy database.
    * base de datos de medicina = MEDLINE.
    * base de datos de negocios = business database.
    * base de datos de pago = subscription database.
    * base de datos de patentes = WPI.
    * base de datos de propiedades = properties database.
    * base de datos de referencia = reference database.
    * base de datos de referencia a especialistas = referral database.
    * base de datos de registros de catálogo = catalogue record database.
    * base de datos de texto = textual data base, text-oriented database, text database.
    * base de datos de texto completo = full text database.
    * base de datos de texto libre = free text database.
    * base de datos dirigida a un mercado específico = niche database.
    * base de datos distribuida = distributed database.
    * base de datos documental = textual data base.
    * base de datos en CD-ROM = CD-ROM database.
    * base de datos en disco óptico = optical disc database.
    * base de datos en estado original = raw database.
    * base de datos en línea = online database.
    * base de datos estadística = statistical database.
    * base de datos externa = external database.
    * base de datos factual = factual database.
    * base de datos financiera = financial database.
    * base de datos interna = in-house database.
    * base de datos jurídica = legal database.
    * base de datos local = local area database.
    * base de datos multimedia = multimedia database.
    * base de datos no bibliográfica = non-bibliographic database.
    * base de datos numérica = numeric database, numerical database.
    * base de datos numérico-textual = textual-numeric database, text-numeric database.
    * base de datos relacional = relational database.
    * base de datos residente = resident database.
    * base de datos terminológica = terminology database.
    * base de datos textual = textual data base.
    * base de operaciones = home base.
    * base de un número = subscript numeral.
    * base impositiva = tax base.
    * base lógica = rationale.
    * base militar = military base.
    * bases = background.
    * base teórica = theoretical underpinning, theoretical underpinning.
    * búsqueda en múltiples bases de datos = cross database searching.
    * campamento base = base camp.
    * comenzar desde la base = start at + ground zero.
    * como base para = as a basis for.
    * con base de arena = sand-based.
    * con base empírica = empirically-based.
    * con base en = based in.
    * conformar las bases = set + the framework.
    * conocimiento de base = foundation study.
    * constituir la base = form + the foundation.
    * constituir la base de = form + the basis of.
    * construir la base = form + the skeleton.
    * creador de bases de datos = database producer.
    * crear una base = form + a basis.
    * de base popular = grassroots [grass-roots].
    * descubrimiento de información en las bases de datos = knowledge discovery in databases (KDD).
    * directorio de empresas en base de datos = company directory database.
    * distribuidor de bases de datos = online system host, database host, host system, online service vendor.
    * distribuidor de bases de datos en línea = online vendor.
    * empezar desde la base = start at + ground zero.
    * en base a = in terms of, on the grounds that/of, on the basis of.
    * en la base = at the core (of).
    * en su base = at its core.
    * específico de una base de datos = database-specific.
    * formar la base = form + the foundation.
    * formar la base de = form + the basis of.
    * gestión de bases de datos = database management.
    * gestor de bases de datos = database management system (DBMS), DBMS system.
    * gestor de bases de datos relacionales = relational database management system.
    * hecho a base de parches = patchwork.
    * industria de las bases de datos = database industry.
    * línea base = baseline [base line].
    * meta base de datos = meta-database.
    * montar una base de datos = mount + database.
    * novela escrita a base de fórmulas o clichés = formula fiction.
    * organismo de base popular = grassroots organisation.
    * partir de la base de que = start from + the premise that, build on + the premise that.
    * poner las bases = lay + foundation, lay + the basis for.
    * portada de una base de datos = file banner.
    * presupuesto de base cero = zero-base(d) budgeting (ZZB), zero-base(d) budget.
    * productor de bases de datos = database producer.
    * programa de gestión de bases de datos = database management software.
    * proveedor de bases de datos = database provider.
    * que funciona a base de órdenes = command-driven.
    * remedio a base de hierbas = herbal remedy.
    * sentar base = make + things happen.
    * sentar las bases = lay + foundation, set + the scene, set + the wheels in motion, set + the tone, set + the framework, set + the pattern, provide + the basis, lay + the basis for, provide + the material for.
    * sentar las bases de Algo = lay + the groundwork for.
    * ser la base de = be at the core of, form + the basis of, be at the heart of.
    * sin base = unsupported, ill-founded.
    * sobre base de arena = sand-based.
    * sobre esta base = on this basis, on that basis.
    * sobre la base de = in relation to, on the usual basis.
    * subsistir a base de = live on.
    * tipo de interés base = base rate, prime rate.
    * tratamiento a base de hierbas = herbal treatment.

    * * *
    A
    la base de una columna the base of a column
    el contraste está en la base the hallmark is on the base o the bottom
    2 (fondo) background
    sobre una base de tonos claros against o on a background of light tones
    3
    tb base de maquillaje foundation
    4 (permanente) soft perm
    B
    1
    (fundamento): no tienes suficiente base para asegurar eso you don't have sufficient grounds to claim that
    la base de una buena salud es una alimentación sana the basis of good health is a balanced diet
    esa afirmación carece de bases sólidas that statement is not founded o based on any firm evidence
    sentar las bases de un acuerdo to lay the foundations of an agreement
    un movimiento sin base popular a movement without a popular power base
    tomar algo como base to take sth as a starting point
    partiendo or si partimos de la base de que … if we start from the premise o assumption that …
    sobre la base de estos datos podemos concluir que … on the basis of this information we can conclude that …
    2
    (componente principal): la base de su alimentación es el arroz rice is their staple food, their diet is based on rice
    la base de este perfume es el jazmín this perfume has a jasmine base, this is a jasmine-based perfume
    los diamantes forman la base de la economía the economy is based on diamonds
    3
    (conocimientos básicos): tiene una sólida base científica he has a sound basic knowledge of o he has a sound grounding in science
    llegó sin ninguna base he hadn't mastered the basics when he arrived
    Compuestos:
    database
    relational database
    tax base ( AmE), taxable income o base ( BrE)
    C ( en locs):
    a base de: a base de descansar se fue recuperando by resting she gradually recovered
    lo consiguió a base de muchos sacrificios he had to make a lot of sacrifices to achieve it
    un régimen a base de verdura a vegetable-based diet, a diet mainly consisting of vegetables
    una bebida a base de ginebra a gin-based drink
    vive a base de pastillas pills are what keep her going
    de base ‹planteamiento/error› fundamental, basic;
    ‹militante› rank-and-file ( before n), ordinary ( before n); ‹movimiento/democracia› grass roots ( before n)
    en base a ( crit); on the basis of
    en base a las recientes encuestas on the evidence o basis of recent polls
    una propuesta de negociación en base a un programa de diez puntos a proposal for negotiations based on a ten-point plan
    a base de bien ( Esp fam): comimos a base de bien we really ate well, we had a really good meal
    Compuestos:
    air base
    launch site
    center* of operations, operational headquarters ( sing o pl)
    military base
    naval base
    E ( Pol) tb
    bases rank and file (pl)
    F ( Mat) base
    G ( Quím) base
    H bases fpl (de un concurso) rules (pl), conditions of entry (pl)
    I
    2
    1 (básico, elemental) ‹alimento› basic, staple ( before n); ‹documento/texto› draft ( before n)
    la idea base partió de … the basic idea stemmed from …
    2 (de origen) ‹puerto› home ( before n); ‹campamento› base ( before n)
    * * *

     

    Del verbo basar: ( conjugate basar)

    basé es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo

    base es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    basar    
    base
    basar ( conjugate basar) verbo transitivo ‹teoría/idea› base algo en algo to base sth on sth
    basarse verbo pronominal
    a) [ persona] basese EN algo:

    ◊ ¿en qué te basas para decir eso? and what basis o grounds do you have for saying that?;

    se basó en esos datos he based his argument (o theory etc) on that information
    b) [teoría/creencia/idea/opinión] basese EN algo to be based on sth

    base sustantivo femenino
    1

    b) tb


    2


    tengo suficiente base para asegurar eso I have sufficient grounds to claim that;
    sentar las bases de algo to lay the foundations of sth;
    tomar algo como base to take sth as a starting point


    llegó al curso sin ninguna base he didn't have the basics when he began the course;
    base de datos database
    3 ( en locs)
    ◊ a base de: un régimen a base de verdura a vegetable-based diet;

    vive a base de pastillas he lives on pills
    4 ( centro de operaciones) base;
    ◊ base aérea/naval/militar air/naval/military base

    5
    ◊ bases sustantivo femenino plural ( de concurso) rules (pl)

    6

    b)

    ◊ base sustantivo masculino y femenino ( en baloncesto) guard

    basar verbo transitivo to base [en, on]
    base
    I sustantivo femenino
    1 base
    2 (fundamento de una teoría, de un argumento) basis, (motivo) grounds: tus quejas no tienen base alguna, your complaints are groundless
    3 (conocimientos previos) grounding: tiene muy mala base en matemáticas, he's got a very poor grasp of maths
    4 Mil base
    base aérea/naval, air/naval base
    5 Inform base de datos, data base
    II fpl
    1 Pol the grass roots: las bases no apoyan al candidato, the candidate didn't get any grass-roots support
    2 (de un concurso) rules
    ♦ Locuciones: a base de: la fastidiaron a base de bien, they really messed her about
    a base de estudiar consiguió aprobar, he passed by studying
    a base de extracto de camomila, using camomile extract
    ' base' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    baja
    - bajo
    - basar
    - columpiarse
    - concentración
    - esquema
    - fundar
    - fundamentar
    - fundarse
    - innoble
    - mantenerse
    - pie
    - salario
    - somier
    - subsistir
    - tejemaneje
    - asiento
    - banco
    - bastardo
    - cimentar
    - fundamento
    - inicial
    - mantener
    - rejilla
    - sueldo
    English:
    air base
    - base
    - basis
    - circuit board
    - cornerstone
    - data base
    - decision making
    - fatty
    - foundation
    - from
    - grounding
    - rank
    - rationale
    - roll out
    - stand
    - undercoat
    - work
    - air
    - ball
    - base pay
    - bed
    - cover
    - data
    - educated
    - found
    - French
    - go
    - ground
    - hard
    - home
    - model
    - pickle
    - primary
    - report
    - rocky
    - sordid
    - squash
    - staple
    - starchy
    - taxable
    - under
    * * *
    ♦ nf
    1. [parte inferior] base;
    [de edificio] foundations;
    colocaron un ramo de flores en la base del monumento they placed a bunch of flowers at the foot of the monument
    base de maquillaje foundation (cream)
    2. [fundamento, origen] basis;
    el respeto al medio ambiente es la base de un desarrollo equilibrado respect for the environment is o forms the basis of balanced development;
    el petróleo es la base de su economía their economy is based on oil;
    salí de la universidad con una sólida base humanística I left university with a solid grounding in the humanities;
    ese argumento se cae por su base that argument is built on sand;
    esta teoría carece de base this theory is unfounded, this theory is not founded on solid arguments;
    partimos de la base de que… we assume that…;
    se parte de la base de que todos ya saben leer we're starting with the assumption that everyone can read;
    sentar las bases para… to lay the foundations of…;
    sobre la base de esta encuesta se concluye que… on the basis of this opinion poll, it can be concluded that… Fin base imponible taxable income
    3. [conocimientos básicos] grounding;
    habla mal francés porque tiene mala base she doesn't speak French well because she hasn't learnt the basics properly
    4. [militar, científica] base
    base aérea air base;
    base espacial space station;
    base de lanzamiento launch site;
    base naval naval base;
    base de operaciones operational base;
    [aeropuerto civil ] base (of operations)
    5. Quím base
    6. Geom base
    7. Mat base
    8. Ling base (form)
    base de datos documental documentary database;
    base de datos relacional relational database
    10. Com base de clientes customer base
    11.
    bases [para prueba, concurso] rules
    12.
    las bases [de partido, sindicato] the grass roots, the rank and file;
    afiliado de las bases grassroots member
    13. [en béisbol] base;
    Méx
    ♦ nmf
    [en baloncesto] guard
    ♦ a base de loc prep
    by (means of);
    me alimento a base de verduras I live on vegetables;
    el flan está hecho a base de huevos crème caramel is made with eggs;
    a base de no hacer nada by not doing anything;
    a base de trabajar duro fue ascendiendo puestos she moved up through the company by working hard;
    aprender a base de equivocarse to learn the hard way;
    se sacó la carrera a base de codos she got her degree by sheer hard work
    Esp Fam
    a base de bien: nos humillaron a base de bien they really humiliated us;
    lloraba a base de bien he was crying his eyes out;
    los niños disfrutaron a base de bien the children had a great time
    ♦ en base a loc prep
    [considerado incorrecto] on the basis of;
    en base a lo visto hasta ahora, no creo que puedan ganar from what I've seen so far, I don't think they can win;
    el plan se efectuará en base a lo convenido the plan will be carried out in accordance with the terms agreed upon
    * * *
    I f
    1 QUÍM, MAT, MIL, DEP base
    2
    :
    bases pl de concurso etc conditions
    3
    :
    una dieta a base de frutas a diet based on fruit, a fruit-based diet;
    consiguió comprarse una casa a base de ahorrar he managed to buy a house by (dint of) saving;
    nos divertimos a base de bien we had a really o fam a real good time
    II m/f en baloncesto guard
    * * *
    base nf
    1) : base, bottom
    2) : base (in baseball)
    3) fundamento: basis, foundation
    4)
    base de datos : database
    5)
    a base de : based on, by means of
    6)
    en base a : based on, on the basis of
    * * *
    base n
    1. (en general) base
    2. (fundamento) basis [pl. bases]

    Spanish-English dictionary > base

  • 7 atenerse a

    v.
    1 to rely on, to confide in, to depend on.
    El alumno se atuvo al maestro The student relied on the teacher.
    2 to go by, to hold by, to abide by, to keep to.
    Ella se atuvo a las reglas She went by the rules.
    * * *
    (v.) = abide by, comply (with), conform to, conform with, hew to
    Ex. Any library coming into OCLC has to agree to abide by those standards.
    Ex. Both UKMARC and UNIMARC comply with ISO 2709, the international standard for bibliographic record interchange on magnetic tape.
    Ex. These basic permutation rules are modified somewhat to conform to bibliographic requirements.
    Ex. The order of subelements within the uniform heading will conform with the conventions established by the cataloguing agency responsible for the entry.
    Ex. The structure adopted hews to the theoretical model of the resilient organization as described by Enright.
    * * *
    (v.) = abide by, comply (with), conform to, conform with, hew to

    Ex: Any library coming into OCLC has to agree to abide by those standards.

    Ex: Both UKMARC and UNIMARC comply with ISO 2709, the international standard for bibliographic record interchange on magnetic tape.
    Ex: These basic permutation rules are modified somewhat to conform to bibliographic requirements.
    Ex: The order of subelements within the uniform heading will conform with the conventions established by the cataloguing agency responsible for the entry.
    Ex: The structure adopted hews to the theoretical model of the resilient organization as described by Enright.

    Spanish-English dictionary > atenerse a

  • 8 surgir de

    v.
    to come from, to be born from.
    * * *
    (v.) = arise out of, be rooted in, develop out of, emanate from, grow out of, stem from, spin off, come out of, spring off from, be born of
    Ex. Code revision is occurring as a series of proposals which arise out of study teams.
    Ex. There is a definite problem in that the cataloging rules we've had have been firmly rooted in a bygone era.
    Ex. The session on library and information services to people with disabilities addressed on agenda developed out of the feedback from various regional groups.
    Ex. Works with unknown or uncertain personal authorship, or works emanating from a body that lacks a name are to be entered under title.
    Ex. This article describes a new idea for national resource sharing which has grown out of current discussions on sector-orientated library and information services.
    Ex. Both these general criticisms stemmed from more specific problems with the code.
    Ex. A computerized search facility has been spun off from the basic work.
    Ex. Perhaps the most outstanding model to come out of the NIC project was that of Detroit's community information service, which was given the name 'The Information Place', TIP.
    Ex. Such writing can spring off from things that happen in the local community such as robberies, things that happen in the local community: robberies, street accidents, big sports events, a strike and the like.
    Ex. According to Tolstoy, one's sadness is born of despair (sadness over the apparent meaninglessness of life or of life as one has lived it).
    * * *
    (v.) = arise out of, be rooted in, develop out of, emanate from, grow out of, stem from, spin off, come out of, spring off from, be born of

    Ex: Code revision is occurring as a series of proposals which arise out of study teams.

    Ex: There is a definite problem in that the cataloging rules we've had have been firmly rooted in a bygone era.
    Ex: The session on library and information services to people with disabilities addressed on agenda developed out of the feedback from various regional groups.
    Ex: Works with unknown or uncertain personal authorship, or works emanating from a body that lacks a name are to be entered under title.
    Ex: This article describes a new idea for national resource sharing which has grown out of current discussions on sector-orientated library and information services.
    Ex: Both these general criticisms stemmed from more specific problems with the code.
    Ex: A computerized search facility has been spun off from the basic work.
    Ex: Perhaps the most outstanding model to come out of the NIC project was that of Detroit's community information service, which was given the name 'The Information Place', TIP.
    Ex: Such writing can spring off from things that happen in the local community such as robberies, things that happen in the local community: robberies, street accidents, big sports events, a strike and the like.
    Ex: According to Tolstoy, one's sadness is born of despair (sadness over the apparent meaninglessness of life or of life as one has lived it).

    Spanish-English dictionary > surgir de

  • 9 Artificial Intelligence

       In my opinion, none of [these programs] does even remote justice to the complexity of human mental processes. Unlike men, "artificially intelligent" programs tend to be single minded, undistractable, and unemotional. (Neisser, 1967, p. 9)
       Future progress in [artificial intelligence] will depend on the development of both practical and theoretical knowledge.... As regards theoretical knowledge, some have sought a unified theory of artificial intelligence. My view is that artificial intelligence is (or soon will be) an engineering discipline since its primary goal is to build things. (Nilsson, 1971, pp. vii-viii)
       Most workers in AI [artificial intelligence] research and in related fields confess to a pronounced feeling of disappointment in what has been achieved in the last 25 years. Workers entered the field around 1950, and even around 1960, with high hopes that are very far from being realized in 1972. In no part of the field have the discoveries made so far produced the major impact that was then promised.... In the meantime, claims and predictions regarding the potential results of AI research had been publicized which went even farther than the expectations of the majority of workers in the field, whose embarrassments have been added to by the lamentable failure of such inflated predictions....
       When able and respected scientists write in letters to the present author that AI, the major goal of computing science, represents "another step in the general process of evolution"; that possibilities in the 1980s include an all-purpose intelligence on a human-scale knowledge base; that awe-inspiring possibilities suggest themselves based on machine intelligence exceeding human intelligence by the year 2000 [one has the right to be skeptical]. (Lighthill, 1972, p. 17)
       4) Just as Astronomy Succeeded Astrology, the Discovery of Intellectual Processes in Machines Should Lead to a Science, Eventually
       Just as astronomy succeeded astrology, following Kepler's discovery of planetary regularities, the discoveries of these many principles in empirical explorations on intellectual processes in machines should lead to a science, eventually. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)
       Many problems arise in experiments on machine intelligence because things obvious to any person are not represented in any program. One can pull with a string, but one cannot push with one.... Simple facts like these caused serious problems when Charniak attempted to extend Bobrow's "Student" program to more realistic applications, and they have not been faced up to until now. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 77)
       What do we mean by [a symbolic] "description"? We do not mean to suggest that our descriptions must be made of strings of ordinary language words (although they might be). The simplest kind of description is a structure in which some features of a situation are represented by single ("primitive") symbols, and relations between those features are represented by other symbols-or by other features of the way the description is put together. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)
       [AI is] the use of computer programs and programming techniques to cast light on the principles of intelligence in general and human thought in particular. (Boden, 1977, p. 5)
       The word you look for and hardly ever see in the early AI literature is the word knowledge. They didn't believe you have to know anything, you could always rework it all.... In fact 1967 is the turning point in my mind when there was enough feeling that the old ideas of general principles had to go.... I came up with an argument for what I called the primacy of expertise, and at the time I called the other guys the generalists. (Moses, quoted in McCorduck, 1979, pp. 228-229)
       9) Artificial Intelligence Is Psychology in a Particularly Pure and Abstract Form
       The basic idea of cognitive science is that intelligent beings are semantic engines-in other words, automatic formal systems with interpretations under which they consistently make sense. We can now see why this includes psychology and artificial intelligence on a more or less equal footing: people and intelligent computers (if and when there are any) turn out to be merely different manifestations of the same underlying phenomenon. Moreover, with universal hardware, any semantic engine can in principle be formally imitated by a computer if only the right program can be found. And that will guarantee semantic imitation as well, since (given the appropriate formal behavior) the semantics is "taking care of itself" anyway. Thus we also see why, from this perspective, artificial intelligence can be regarded as psychology in a particularly pure and abstract form. The same fundamental structures are under investigation, but in AI, all the relevant parameters are under direct experimental control (in the programming), without any messy physiology or ethics to get in the way. (Haugeland, 1981b, p. 31)
       There are many different kinds of reasoning one might imagine:
        Formal reasoning involves the syntactic manipulation of data structures to deduce new ones following prespecified rules of inference. Mathematical logic is the archetypical formal representation. Procedural reasoning uses simulation to answer questions and solve problems. When we use a program to answer What is the sum of 3 and 4? it uses, or "runs," a procedural model of arithmetic. Reasoning by analogy seems to be a very natural mode of thought for humans but, so far, difficult to accomplish in AI programs. The idea is that when you ask the question Can robins fly? the system might reason that "robins are like sparrows, and I know that sparrows can fly, so robins probably can fly."
        Generalization and abstraction are also natural reasoning process for humans that are difficult to pin down well enough to implement in a program. If one knows that Robins have wings, that Sparrows have wings, and that Blue jays have wings, eventually one will believe that All birds have wings. This capability may be at the core of most human learning, but it has not yet become a useful technique in AI.... Meta- level reasoning is demonstrated by the way one answers the question What is Paul Newman's telephone number? You might reason that "if I knew Paul Newman's number, I would know that I knew it, because it is a notable fact." This involves using "knowledge about what you know," in particular, about the extent of your knowledge and about the importance of certain facts. Recent research in psychology and AI indicates that meta-level reasoning may play a central role in human cognitive processing. (Barr & Feigenbaum, 1981, pp. 146-147)
       Suffice it to say that programs already exist that can do things-or, at the very least, appear to be beginning to do things-which ill-informed critics have asserted a priori to be impossible. Examples include: perceiving in a holistic as opposed to an atomistic way; using language creatively; translating sensibly from one language to another by way of a language-neutral semantic representation; planning acts in a broad and sketchy fashion, the details being decided only in execution; distinguishing between different species of emotional reaction according to the psychological context of the subject. (Boden, 1981, p. 33)
       Can the synthesis of Man and Machine ever be stable, or will the purely organic component become such a hindrance that it has to be discarded? If this eventually happens-and I have... good reasons for thinking that it must-we have nothing to regret and certainly nothing to fear. (Clarke, 1984, p. 243)
       The thesis of GOFAI... is not that the processes underlying intelligence can be described symbolically... but that they are symbolic. (Haugeland, 1985, p. 113)
        14) Artificial Intelligence Provides a Useful Approach to Psychological and Psychiatric Theory Formation
       It is all very well formulating psychological and psychiatric theories verbally but, when using natural language (even technical jargon), it is difficult to recognise when a theory is complete; oversights are all too easily made, gaps too readily left. This is a point which is generally recognised to be true and it is for precisely this reason that the behavioural sciences attempt to follow the natural sciences in using "classical" mathematics as a more rigorous descriptive language. However, it is an unfortunate fact that, with a few notable exceptions, there has been a marked lack of success in this application. It is my belief that a different approach-a different mathematics-is needed, and that AI provides just this approach. (Hand, quoted in Hand, 1985, pp. 6-7)
       We might distinguish among four kinds of AI.
       Research of this kind involves building and programming computers to perform tasks which, to paraphrase Marvin Minsky, would require intelligence if they were done by us. Researchers in nonpsychological AI make no claims whatsoever about the psychological realism of their programs or the devices they build, that is, about whether or not computers perform tasks as humans do.
       Research here is guided by the view that the computer is a useful tool in the study of mind. In particular, we can write computer programs or build devices that simulate alleged psychological processes in humans and then test our predictions about how the alleged processes work. We can weave these programs and devices together with other programs and devices that simulate different alleged mental processes and thereby test the degree to which the AI system as a whole simulates human mentality. According to weak psychological AI, working with computer models is a way of refining and testing hypotheses about processes that are allegedly realized in human minds.
    ... According to this view, our minds are computers and therefore can be duplicated by other computers. Sherry Turkle writes that the "real ambition is of mythic proportions, making a general purpose intelligence, a mind." (Turkle, 1984, p. 240) The authors of a major text announce that "the ultimate goal of AI research is to build a person or, more humbly, an animal." (Charniak & McDermott, 1985, p. 7)
       Research in this field, like strong psychological AI, takes seriously the functionalist view that mentality can be realized in many different types of physical devices. Suprapsychological AI, however, accuses strong psychological AI of being chauvinisticof being only interested in human intelligence! Suprapsychological AI claims to be interested in all the conceivable ways intelligence can be realized. (Flanagan, 1991, pp. 241-242)
        16) Determination of Relevance of Rules in Particular Contexts
       Even if the [rules] were stored in a context-free form the computer still couldn't use them. To do that the computer requires rules enabling it to draw on just those [ rules] which are relevant in each particular context. Determination of relevance will have to be based on further facts and rules, but the question will again arise as to which facts and rules are relevant for making each particular determination. One could always invoke further facts and rules to answer this question, but of course these must be only the relevant ones. And so it goes. It seems that AI workers will never be able to get started here unless they can settle the problem of relevance beforehand by cataloguing types of context and listing just those facts which are relevant in each. (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986, p. 80)
       Perhaps the single most important idea to artificial intelligence is that there is no fundamental difference between form and content, that meaning can be captured in a set of symbols such as a semantic net. (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)
        18) The Assumption That the Mind Is a Formal System
       Artificial intelligence is based on the assumption that the mind can be described as some kind of formal system manipulating symbols that stand for things in the world. Thus it doesn't matter what the brain is made of, or what it uses for tokens in the great game of thinking. Using an equivalent set of tokens and rules, we can do thinking with a digital computer, just as we can play chess using cups, salt and pepper shakers, knives, forks, and spoons. Using the right software, one system (the mind) can be mapped into the other (the computer). (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)
        19) A Statement of the Primary and Secondary Purposes of Artificial Intelligence
       The primary goal of Artificial Intelligence is to make machines smarter.
       The secondary goals of Artificial Intelligence are to understand what intelligence is (the Nobel laureate purpose) and to make machines more useful (the entrepreneurial purpose). (Winston, 1987, p. 1)
       The theoretical ideas of older branches of engineering are captured in the language of mathematics. We contend that mathematical logic provides the basis for theory in AI. Although many computer scientists already count logic as fundamental to computer science in general, we put forward an even stronger form of the logic-is-important argument....
       AI deals mainly with the problem of representing and using declarative (as opposed to procedural) knowledge. Declarative knowledge is the kind that is expressed as sentences, and AI needs a language in which to state these sentences. Because the languages in which this knowledge usually is originally captured (natural languages such as English) are not suitable for computer representations, some other language with the appropriate properties must be used. It turns out, we think, that the appropriate properties include at least those that have been uppermost in the minds of logicians in their development of logical languages such as the predicate calculus. Thus, we think that any language for expressing knowledge in AI systems must be at least as expressive as the first-order predicate calculus. (Genesereth & Nilsson, 1987, p. viii)
        21) Perceptual Structures Can Be Represented as Lists of Elementary Propositions
       In artificial intelligence studies, perceptual structures are represented as assemblages of description lists, the elementary components of which are propositions asserting that certain relations hold among elements. (Chase & Simon, 1988, p. 490)
       Artificial intelligence (AI) is sometimes defined as the study of how to build and/or program computers to enable them to do the sorts of things that minds can do. Some of these things are commonly regarded as requiring intelligence: offering a medical diagnosis and/or prescription, giving legal or scientific advice, proving theorems in logic or mathematics. Others are not, because they can be done by all normal adults irrespective of educational background (and sometimes by non-human animals too), and typically involve no conscious control: seeing things in sunlight and shadows, finding a path through cluttered terrain, fitting pegs into holes, speaking one's own native tongue, and using one's common sense. Because it covers AI research dealing with both these classes of mental capacity, this definition is preferable to one describing AI as making computers do "things that would require intelligence if done by people." However, it presupposes that computers could do what minds can do, that they might really diagnose, advise, infer, and understand. One could avoid this problematic assumption (and also side-step questions about whether computers do things in the same way as we do) by defining AI instead as "the development of computers whose observable performance has features which in humans we would attribute to mental processes." This bland characterization would be acceptable to some AI workers, especially amongst those focusing on the production of technological tools for commercial purposes. But many others would favour a more controversial definition, seeing AI as the science of intelligence in general-or, more accurately, as the intellectual core of cognitive science. As such, its goal is to provide a systematic theory that can explain (and perhaps enable us to replicate) both the general categories of intentionality and the diverse psychological capacities grounded in them. (Boden, 1990b, pp. 1-2)
       Because the ability to store data somewhat corresponds to what we call memory in human beings, and because the ability to follow logical procedures somewhat corresponds to what we call reasoning in human beings, many members of the cult have concluded that what computers do somewhat corresponds to what we call thinking. It is no great difficulty to persuade the general public of that conclusion since computers process data very fast in small spaces well below the level of visibility; they do not look like other machines when they are at work. They seem to be running along as smoothly and silently as the brain does when it remembers and reasons and thinks. On the other hand, those who design and build computers know exactly how the machines are working down in the hidden depths of their semiconductors. Computers can be taken apart, scrutinized, and put back together. Their activities can be tracked, analyzed, measured, and thus clearly understood-which is far from possible with the brain. This gives rise to the tempting assumption on the part of the builders and designers that computers can tell us something about brains, indeed, that the computer can serve as a model of the mind, which then comes to be seen as some manner of information processing machine, and possibly not as good at the job as the machine. (Roszak, 1994, pp. xiv-xv)
       The inner workings of the human mind are far more intricate than the most complicated systems of modern technology. Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have been attempting to develop programs that will enable computers to display intelligent behavior. Although this field has been an active one for more than thirty-five years and has had many notable successes, AI researchers still do not know how to create a program that matches human intelligence. No existing program can recall facts, solve problems, reason, learn, and process language with human facility. This lack of success has occurred not because computers are inferior to human brains but rather because we do not yet know in sufficient detail how intelligence is organized in the brain. (Anderson, 1995, p. 2)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Artificial Intelligence

  • 10 rechazar

    v.
    1 to reject.
    el gobierno rechazó las acusaciones de corrupción the government rejected o denied the accusations of corruption
    Ellos rechazan el grano malo They reject the bad grain.
    4 to clear (sport).
    el portero rechazó la pelota y la mandó fuera the goalkeeper tipped the ball out of play
    5 to refuse, to pass up, to decline, to disregard.
    Ellos rechazan el café They refuse the coffee.
    6 to refuse to.
    Ellos rechazan comprar eso They refuse to buy that.
    7 to turn one's back on.
    8 to dishonor, to refuse to accept, to repudiate, to disavow.
    Ellos rechazan el reconocimiento They dishonor the recognition.
    * * *
    1 (gen) to reject, turn down, refuse
    2 (ataque) to repel, repulse, drive back
    3 MEDICINA to reject
    * * *
    verb
    1) to reject, decline
    * * *
    VT
    1) [+ persona] to push away; [+ ataque] to repel, beat off; [+ enemigo] to drive back
    2) [+ acusación, idea] to reject; [+ oferta] to turn down, refuse; [+ tentación] to resist
    3) [+ luz] to reflect; [+ agua] to throw off
    4) (Med) [+ órgano] to reject
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) <invitación/propuesta/individuo> to reject; <moción/enmienda> to defeat; <oferta/trabajo> to turn down
    b) <ataque/enemigo> to repel, repulse
    c) (Med) < órgano> to reject
    * * *
    = condemn, decline, discard, eschew, reject, set + aside, flinch at/from, refuse, negative, discountenance, repulse, shun, be hostile to, ditch, renounce, snub, nix, defeat, disavow, deselect, turn down, spurn, repudiate, fight off, hold off, dismiss with + the wave of the hand, fend off, overrule, push aside, turn + Nombre + away.
    Ex. It must, however, also be considered as a major source of the 'subject index illusion' so trenchantly condemned by Bliss, as mentioned below.
    Ex. The title 'Unsolicited marginal gift collections: saying no or coping with the unwanted' deals with the problem of how to cope with collections which should have been declined, but were not.
    Ex. The dates should be checked regularly and updated so that old dates are discarded and new ones entered.
    Ex. However, most contributors to the debate about the future of SLIS have eschewed practicalities in favour of sweeping and dramatic generalizations.
    Ex. Any reliance on principles alone is rejected, and an attempt is made to codify experience.
    Ex. Such championship cannot be lightly set aside, nevertheless it is now quiet certain that 'bibliography', incorrect and unfortunate as it may be, is here to stay and the situation must be accepted.
    Ex. It is increasingly obvious that we are as a nation one and indivisible, that divisive tendencies are a thing of the past, but there are still too many inheritors of the old indifference, and who flinch at co-operation as at an evil.
    Ex. In this novel, if you remember, Henry Crawford, having been refused by the heroine Fanny, goes off and elopes with an old flame, Mrs Rushworth.
    Ex. Bough negatived the suggestion instantly.
    Ex. Balzac discountenanced virtually every idea Hernandez and children's librarian, Kate Lespran, had the courage to suggest.
    Ex. Leforte blew forth a long breath, as if trying to repulse the oppressive heat of the September morning.
    Ex. Traditionally these books have been shunned because of their fragile nature, but librarians are finding that a small collection can enliven story times.
    Ex. Although he recognized the need for some forms of synthesis, Bliss was hostile to the idea of complete analysis and synthesis put forward by Ranganathan.
    Ex. It is time that higher education institutions accepted the wisdom of collaboration and ditched, once and for all, the rhetoric of competition = Ya es hora de que las instituciones de enseñanza superior acepten la colaboración y rechacen, de una vez por todas, la competitividad.
    Ex. 'Classification by attraction', i.e. the placing of a subject as the most concrete element represented in it, without regard to the basic discipline concerned, is renounced = Se rechaza la "Clasificación por atracción", es decir, la asignación de una materia según el elemento más concreto representado en ella, sin tener en cuenta la disciplina en cuestión.
    Ex. Some black librarian see little progress towards race-neutral attitudes and finds themselves either directly or indirectly snubbed, patronised or completely ignored by users as well as staff members.
    Ex. This play was nixed by school officials on the grounds that the subject of sweatshops was not appropriate for that age group.
    Ex. The author focuses on the campaign of the Idaho Library Association to defeat this initiative.
    Ex. Feminists disavow biology & biologists who reduce human biology to anatomy.
    Ex. There is a need to provide public access to the Internet and to develop guidelines for selecting and deselecting appropriate resources.
    Ex. Public school, strapped for cash, find offers from advertising revenue hard to turn down.
    Ex. The government seems to spurns the architecture profession and there is a growing rift between architects who assert their utility and those who cleave to artistic prerogatives.
    Ex. The author attempts to repudiate Cherniavsky's argument to show that machine intelligence cannot equal human intelligence.
    Ex. These pillboxes were originally built to help fight off a Nazi invasion.
    Ex. A dam at the Strait of Gibraltar could be constructed to limit the outflow and reverse the climate deterioration, thus holding off the next ice age.
    Ex. International 'rules' are often dismissed with the wave of the hand or a snort of contempt one week, and gilded and placed on a pedestal the next.
    Ex. During the rutting season, they are used to fend off other males in an attempt to gather a harem of females to breed with.
    Ex. President Eisenhower overruled some of his military commanders in summer 1958, ordering them not to use nuclear weapons against China.
    Ex. She's just an airheaded bimbo, with an endless capacity to push aside unpleasant realities in favor of her more satisfying interests: young men and jewels.
    Ex. They will be patrolling in plain clothes to spot doormen who turn away people apparently on the basis of their ethnicity.
    ----
    * cheque + ser rechazado = cheque + bounce.
    * rechazar Algo/Alguien = turn + Nombre + down.
    * rechazar la responsabilidad = disclaim + responsibility.
    * rechazarse = go by + the board.
    * rechazar sin más = dismiss + out of hand.
    * rechazar una hipótesis = reject + hypothesis, negate + hypothesis.
    * rechazar una idea = turn + idea + down.
    * rechazar una ley = defeat + legislation.
    * rechazar una moción = defeat + motion.
    * rechazar una sugerencia = turn + idea + down.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) <invitación/propuesta/individuo> to reject; <moción/enmienda> to defeat; <oferta/trabajo> to turn down
    b) <ataque/enemigo> to repel, repulse
    c) (Med) < órgano> to reject
    * * *
    = condemn, decline, discard, eschew, reject, set + aside, flinch at/from, refuse, negative, discountenance, repulse, shun, be hostile to, ditch, renounce, snub, nix, defeat, disavow, deselect, turn down, spurn, repudiate, fight off, hold off, dismiss with + the wave of the hand, fend off, overrule, push aside, turn + Nombre + away.

    Ex: It must, however, also be considered as a major source of the 'subject index illusion' so trenchantly condemned by Bliss, as mentioned below.

    Ex: The title 'Unsolicited marginal gift collections: saying no or coping with the unwanted' deals with the problem of how to cope with collections which should have been declined, but were not.
    Ex: The dates should be checked regularly and updated so that old dates are discarded and new ones entered.
    Ex: However, most contributors to the debate about the future of SLIS have eschewed practicalities in favour of sweeping and dramatic generalizations.
    Ex: Any reliance on principles alone is rejected, and an attempt is made to codify experience.
    Ex: Such championship cannot be lightly set aside, nevertheless it is now quiet certain that 'bibliography', incorrect and unfortunate as it may be, is here to stay and the situation must be accepted.
    Ex: It is increasingly obvious that we are as a nation one and indivisible, that divisive tendencies are a thing of the past, but there are still too many inheritors of the old indifference, and who flinch at co-operation as at an evil.
    Ex: In this novel, if you remember, Henry Crawford, having been refused by the heroine Fanny, goes off and elopes with an old flame, Mrs Rushworth.
    Ex: Bough negatived the suggestion instantly.
    Ex: Balzac discountenanced virtually every idea Hernandez and children's librarian, Kate Lespran, had the courage to suggest.
    Ex: Leforte blew forth a long breath, as if trying to repulse the oppressive heat of the September morning.
    Ex: Traditionally these books have been shunned because of their fragile nature, but librarians are finding that a small collection can enliven story times.
    Ex: Although he recognized the need for some forms of synthesis, Bliss was hostile to the idea of complete analysis and synthesis put forward by Ranganathan.
    Ex: It is time that higher education institutions accepted the wisdom of collaboration and ditched, once and for all, the rhetoric of competition = Ya es hora de que las instituciones de enseñanza superior acepten la colaboración y rechacen, de una vez por todas, la competitividad.
    Ex: 'Classification by attraction', i.e. the placing of a subject as the most concrete element represented in it, without regard to the basic discipline concerned, is renounced = Se rechaza la "Clasificación por atracción", es decir, la asignación de una materia según el elemento más concreto representado en ella, sin tener en cuenta la disciplina en cuestión.
    Ex: Some black librarian see little progress towards race-neutral attitudes and finds themselves either directly or indirectly snubbed, patronised or completely ignored by users as well as staff members.
    Ex: This play was nixed by school officials on the grounds that the subject of sweatshops was not appropriate for that age group.
    Ex: The author focuses on the campaign of the Idaho Library Association to defeat this initiative.
    Ex: Feminists disavow biology & biologists who reduce human biology to anatomy.
    Ex: There is a need to provide public access to the Internet and to develop guidelines for selecting and deselecting appropriate resources.
    Ex: Public school, strapped for cash, find offers from advertising revenue hard to turn down.
    Ex: The government seems to spurns the architecture profession and there is a growing rift between architects who assert their utility and those who cleave to artistic prerogatives.
    Ex: The author attempts to repudiate Cherniavsky's argument to show that machine intelligence cannot equal human intelligence.
    Ex: These pillboxes were originally built to help fight off a Nazi invasion.
    Ex: A dam at the Strait of Gibraltar could be constructed to limit the outflow and reverse the climate deterioration, thus holding off the next ice age.
    Ex: International 'rules' are often dismissed with the wave of the hand or a snort of contempt one week, and gilded and placed on a pedestal the next.
    Ex: During the rutting season, they are used to fend off other males in an attempt to gather a harem of females to breed with.
    Ex: President Eisenhower overruled some of his military commanders in summer 1958, ordering them not to use nuclear weapons against China.
    Ex: She's just an airheaded bimbo, with an endless capacity to push aside unpleasant realities in favor of her more satisfying interests: young men and jewels.
    Ex: They will be patrolling in plain clothes to spot doormen who turn away people apparently on the basis of their ethnicity.
    * cheque + ser rechazado = cheque + bounce.
    * rechazar Algo/Alguien = turn + Nombre + down.
    * rechazar la responsabilidad = disclaim + responsibility.
    * rechazarse = go by + the board.
    * rechazar sin más = dismiss + out of hand.
    * rechazar una hipótesis = reject + hypothesis, negate + hypothesis.
    * rechazar una idea = turn + idea + down.
    * rechazar una ley = defeat + legislation.
    * rechazar una moción = defeat + motion.
    * rechazar una sugerencia = turn + idea + down.

    * * *
    rechazar [A4 ]
    vt
    1 ‹invitación/propuesta› to reject; ‹oferta/trabajo› to turn down
    la moción fue rechazada the motion was defeated
    rechazó su proposición de matrimonio she rejected o turned down his proposal of marriage
    se sienten rechazados por la sociedad they feel rejected by society
    2 ‹ataque/enemigo› to repel, repulse
    3 ‹luz› to reflect
    4 ( Med) ‹órgano› to reject
    * * *

     

    rechazar ( conjugate rechazar) verbo transitivo
    a) ‹invitación/propuesta/individuo› to reject;

    ‹moción/enmienda› to defeat;
    ‹oferta/trabajo› to turn down
    b) ‹ataque/enemigo› to repel, repulse

    c) (Med) ‹ órgano› to reject

    rechazar verbo transitivo
    1 (una idea, un plan, a una persona) to reject
    (oferta, contrato) to turn down
    2 Med (un órgano) to reject
    3 Mil to repel
    ' rechazar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    barrer
    - declinar
    - negar
    - definitivamente
    - desechar
    - despreciar
    - plano
    English:
    beat off
    - brush off
    - decline
    - defeat
    - deny
    - disallow
    - dismiss
    - fend off
    - fight off
    - head-hunt
    - offer
    - refuse
    - reject
    - repudiate
    - repulse
    - shun
    - snub
    - spurn
    - stave off
    - sweep aside
    - turn away
    - turn down
    - ward off
    - wave aside
    - fend
    - fight
    - hand
    - over
    - parry
    - rebuff
    - repel
    - throw
    - turn
    - ward
    - wave
    * * *
    1. [no aceptar] to reject;
    [oferta, invitación] to turn down, to reject
    2. [negar] to deny;
    el gobierno rechazó las acusaciones de corrupción the government rejected o denied the accusations of corruption;
    rechazó que vaya a presentarse a la presidencia he denied that he was going to run for the presidency
    3. [órgano] to reject;
    el paciente rechazó el órgano the patient rejected the organ
    4. [repeler] [a una persona] to push away;
    [a atacantes] to drive back, to repel;
    rechazaron el ataque de los enemigos they repelled the enemy attack
    5. Dep to clear;
    el portero rechazó la pelota y la mandó fuera the goalkeeper tipped the ball out of play
    * * *
    v/t reject; MIL repel
    * * *
    rechazar {21} vt
    1) : to reject
    2) : to turn down, to refuse
    * * *
    rechazar vb to reject / to turn down

    Spanish-English dictionary > rechazar

  • 11 desconocer

    v.
    1 not to know.
    desconozco quién es/dónde trabaja I don't know who he is/where he works
    se desconoce su paradero her whereabouts are unknown
    por causas que aún se desconocen for reasons as yet unknown o which are still unknown
    2 to be ignorant of, to be unacquainted with, to know not.
    Ella desconoce los acontecimientos She is ignorant of the events.
    3 to disclaim, to deny, to refuse to accept, to deny the acceptance of.
    Ella desconoció ese mal hábito She disclaimed that bad habit.
    4 to fail to recognize, to be unable to recognize, to recognize not.
    Ella desconoció su casa She failed to recognize her house.
    5 to disown.
    El padre molesto desconoció al hijo The angry father disowned the son.
    6 to be amazed at someone's behavior, to be surprised of.
    Te desconozco! I am amazed at your behavior.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ CONOCER], like link=conocer conocer
    1 not to know, be unaware of
    2 (no reconocer) not to recognize
    3 (rechazar) to disown
    4 (no prestar atención) not to pay attention to, ignore
    * * *
    VT
    1) (=ignorar) not to know, be ignorant of

    desconocen los principios fundamentales — they don't know the basic principles, they are ignorant of the basic principles

    no desconozco que... — I am not unaware that...

    2) (=no reconocer) [+ persona] not to recognize; [+ obra] to disown
    * * *
    verbo transitivo

    se desconoce su identidad/su paradero — her identity is/her whereabouts are not known

    * * *
    = be unaware of, remain + unaware of, have + no understanding of.
    Ex. To all intents and purposes he is unaware of its existence.
    Ex. Unfortunately, the majority of the public, and in particular those most in need of information -- the disadvantaged -- remain largely unaware of an 'information gap' in their lives.
    Ex. Someone who is too honest sounds like a lunatic because they seem to have no understanding of how the world works.
    ----
    * desconocer totalmente = be blissfully unaware.
    * desconocer totalmente Algo = not know the first thing about.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo

    se desconoce su identidad/su paradero — her identity is/her whereabouts are not known

    * * *
    = be unaware of, remain + unaware of, have + no understanding of.

    Ex: To all intents and purposes he is unaware of its existence.

    Ex: Unfortunately, the majority of the public, and in particular those most in need of information -- the disadvantaged -- remain largely unaware of an 'information gap' in their lives.
    Ex: Someone who is too honest sounds like a lunatic because they seem to have no understanding of how the world works.
    * desconocer totalmente = be blissfully unaware.
    * desconocer totalmente Algo = not know the first thing about.

    * * *
    desconocer [E3 ]
    vt
    A
    (no conocer): por razones que desconocemos for reasons unknown to us
    aún se desconocen los resultados de la votación the results of the poll are not yet known
    dos jóvenes cuya identidad se desconoce resultaron heridos two youths, whose identities have not been established, were injured
    desconocía la existencia de esta cuenta she was unaware of the existence of this account
    su obra se desconoce fuera de Cuba his work is unknown outside Cuba
    B
    (no reconocer): te desconocí ¡qué cambiada estás! I didn't recognize you, you've changed so much!
    ¿y tú dijiste tal cosa? te desconozco and you said that? I'd never have thought it of you
    chico, te desconozco ¿tú, tan trabajador? I don't believe my eyes! it's not like you to be working so hard
    * * *

     

    desconocer ( conjugate desconocer) verbo transitivo
    a) ( no conocer):


    desconocía este hecho I was unaware of this fact


    desconocer verbo transitivo
    1 (no saber) not to know, to be unaware of
    2 (no reconocer, encontrar muy cambiado) to fail to recognize: ¿tú maquillada?, te desconozco, you with make up?, I can hardly recognize you
    ' desconocer' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    ignorar
    English:
    disown
    - ignorant
    * * *
    1. [ignorar] not to know;
    desconocemos sus motivos we do not know his motives;
    desconocía que fueran amigos I was unaware they were friends;
    se desconoce su paradero her whereabouts are unknown;
    se desconoce la identidad de los secuestradores the identity of the kidnappers has yet to be established;
    por causas que aún se desconocen for reasons as yet unknown o which are still unknown;
    sus libros se desconocen fuera de Latinoamérica his books are unknown outside Latin America
    2. [no reconocer] to fail to recognize;
    con ese peinado te desconozco I can hardly recognize you with that hairstyle
    * * *
    v/t not know
    * * *
    desconocer {18} vt
    1) ignorar: to be unaware of
    2) : to fail to recognize
    * * *
    desconocer vb not to know [pt. knew; pp. known]

    Spanish-English dictionary > desconocer

  • 12 obtener

    v.
    1 to get (beca, cargo, puntos).
    2 to obtain, to gain, to get, to acquire.
    Ricardo ganó reconocimiento Richard gained renown.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ TENER], like link=tener tener
    1 (beca, resultados) to get, obtain; (premio) to win; (ganancias) to make
    1 to get, be obtained
    * * *
    verb
    1) to obtain, get
    * * *
    VT [+ resultado, información, permiso] to get, obtain; [+ mayoría, votos] to win, obtain; [+ premio, medalla, victoria] to win; [+ apoyo] to gain, get, obtain; [+ beneficios] to make

    esperamos obtener mejores resultados este año — we are hoping to get o obtain o achieve better results this year

    con la venta de los derechos la editorial obtuvo varios millones de dólares — the publishers got several million dollars from the sale of the copyright

    nunca obtuvo respuesta — he never got o received a reply

    * * *
    verbo transitivo < premio> to win, receive; <resultado/autorización> to obtain; < calificación> to obtain, set
    * * *
    = derive, gain, generate, get, obtain, procure, secure, yield, spin off, elicit, reap, receive, come by, acquire.
    Ex. The scheme was designed for the Library of Congress and many of the features of the scheme derived from this fact.
    Ex. To many, therefore, this emphasis on information can provide a much-needed opportunity to gain the public library new influence and respect.
    Ex. Human indexers sometimes make inappropriate judgements, misinterpret ideas, have lapses of memory or concentration, and generate omissions and inconsistencies in their indexing.
    Ex. DOBIS/LIBIS does not get a new document number, but reserves this document for you, so that no one else can change it while you are working on it.
    Ex. In the event that the position in the matrix contains more than 32 entries, it is necessary for the user to interact with the system to obtain the miniature catalog that will contain the entry s/he seeks.
    Ex. They are responsible for putting together advertisements, securing proofs, procuring the matrices, electrotypes, and other duplicate plates needed for insertion in publications.
    Ex. They are responsible for putting together advertisements, securing proofs, procuring the matrices, electrotypes, and other duplicate plates needed for insertion in publications.
    Ex. This mixture of approaches is designed to yield maximum retrieval for as many users as possible by combining the different strengths of controlled and natural language indexing.
    Ex. A computerized search facility has been spun off from the basic work.
    Ex. This article looks at ways in which librarians in leadership roles can elicit the motivation, commitment, and personal investment of members of the organisation.
    Ex. Women suffragists reaped an unexpected publicity bonanza when the 1913 national suffrage parade in Washington was broken up by a drunken mob.
    Ex. If you receive a large number of titles on you initial search, you can narrow your search by using qualifiers.
    Ex. This article shows how teachers came by such information and the use they made it of in their work.
    Ex. Many libraries have special collections of foreign, unpublished or unusual materials which include items unlikely to be acquired by other libraries.
    ----
    * difícil de obtener = difficult to come by.
    * fácil de obtener = easy to come by.
    * obtener acceso = gain + access, gain + admittance.
    * obtener algo de = get + something out of.
    * obtener beneficios = gain + benefit, make + a profit, realise + benefits, derive + benefit, reap + rewards, reap + benefits, reap + returns, make + profit.
    * obtener conocimiento = gain + an understanding.
    * obtener credibilidad = attain + credibility.
    * obtener de = get out of.
    * obtener el derecho para = win + the right to.
    * obtener el enunciado del problema = elicit + problem statement.
    * obtener el máximo beneficio = reap + full potential.
    * obtener el mayor rendimiento posible = maximise + opportunities.
    * obtener éxito = achieve + success.
    * obtener éxitos y fracasos = experience + problems and successes.
    * obtener fondos de = derive + finances from.
    * obtener ganancia = gain + benefit.
    * obtener gratificación = obtain + gratification.
    * obtener gratis = obtain + free.
    * obtener indicios sobre = get + an indication of.
    * obtener información = obtain + information, glean + information, gain + information, pick up + information, secure + information.
    * obtener información de = elicit + information from.
    * obtener la aprobación = meet with + approval.
    * obtener partido de = capitalise on/upon [capitalize, -USA].
    * obtener perspectiva de = gain + perspective on.
    * obtener pistas sobre = get + an indication of.
    * obtener placer = take + pleasure, obtain + pleasure from, derive + pleasure.
    * obtener placer de = get + pleasure from.
    * obtener + Posesivo + aprobación = meet + Posesivo + approval.
    * obtener promoción = arrive at + promotion.
    * obtener provecho = get + Posesivo + money's worth out of.
    * obtener reconocimiento = gain + recognition.
    * obtener resultado = obtain + result.
    * obtener resultados = get + things done.
    * obtener satisfacción = derive + satisfaction, gain + satisfaction, derive + gratification, obtain + satisfaction.
    * obtenerse = accrue.
    * obtenerse de = flow from.
    * obtener titulación = receive + degree.
    * obtener + Título = earn + Título.
    * obtener una categoría = gain + status.
    * obtener una cita bibliográfica = glean + citation.
    * obtener una idea = get + a sense of, gain + a sense of.
    * obtener una idea de = get + a taste of.
    * obtener una impresión = gain + picture.
    * obtener una perspectiva = gather + perspective.
    * obtener una referencia = glean + reference.
    * obtener un estatus = gain + status.
    * obtener un premio = earn + an award, win + award, win + prize.
    * obtener un puesto de trabajo = obtain + position.
    * obtener un título = gain + a degree in.
    * obtener ventaja = gain + advantage.
    * obtener ventajas = reap + advantages.
    * se obtendrá algo de provecho = something is bound to come of it.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo < premio> to win, receive; <resultado/autorización> to obtain; < calificación> to obtain, set
    * * *
    = derive, gain, generate, get, obtain, procure, secure, yield, spin off, elicit, reap, receive, come by, acquire.

    Ex: The scheme was designed for the Library of Congress and many of the features of the scheme derived from this fact.

    Ex: To many, therefore, this emphasis on information can provide a much-needed opportunity to gain the public library new influence and respect.
    Ex: Human indexers sometimes make inappropriate judgements, misinterpret ideas, have lapses of memory or concentration, and generate omissions and inconsistencies in their indexing.
    Ex: DOBIS/LIBIS does not get a new document number, but reserves this document for you, so that no one else can change it while you are working on it.
    Ex: In the event that the position in the matrix contains more than 32 entries, it is necessary for the user to interact with the system to obtain the miniature catalog that will contain the entry s/he seeks.
    Ex: They are responsible for putting together advertisements, securing proofs, procuring the matrices, electrotypes, and other duplicate plates needed for insertion in publications.
    Ex: They are responsible for putting together advertisements, securing proofs, procuring the matrices, electrotypes, and other duplicate plates needed for insertion in publications.
    Ex: This mixture of approaches is designed to yield maximum retrieval for as many users as possible by combining the different strengths of controlled and natural language indexing.
    Ex: A computerized search facility has been spun off from the basic work.
    Ex: This article looks at ways in which librarians in leadership roles can elicit the motivation, commitment, and personal investment of members of the organisation.
    Ex: Women suffragists reaped an unexpected publicity bonanza when the 1913 national suffrage parade in Washington was broken up by a drunken mob.
    Ex: If you receive a large number of titles on you initial search, you can narrow your search by using qualifiers.
    Ex: This article shows how teachers came by such information and the use they made it of in their work.
    Ex: Many libraries have special collections of foreign, unpublished or unusual materials which include items unlikely to be acquired by other libraries.
    * difícil de obtener = difficult to come by.
    * fácil de obtener = easy to come by.
    * obtener acceso = gain + access, gain + admittance.
    * obtener algo de = get + something out of.
    * obtener beneficios = gain + benefit, make + a profit, realise + benefits, derive + benefit, reap + rewards, reap + benefits, reap + returns, make + profit.
    * obtener conocimiento = gain + an understanding.
    * obtener credibilidad = attain + credibility.
    * obtener de = get out of.
    * obtener el derecho para = win + the right to.
    * obtener el enunciado del problema = elicit + problem statement.
    * obtener el máximo beneficio = reap + full potential.
    * obtener el mayor rendimiento posible = maximise + opportunities.
    * obtener éxito = achieve + success.
    * obtener éxitos y fracasos = experience + problems and successes.
    * obtener fondos de = derive + finances from.
    * obtener ganancia = gain + benefit.
    * obtener gratificación = obtain + gratification.
    * obtener gratis = obtain + free.
    * obtener indicios sobre = get + an indication of.
    * obtener información = obtain + information, glean + information, gain + information, pick up + information, secure + information.
    * obtener información de = elicit + information from.
    * obtener la aprobación = meet with + approval.
    * obtener partido de = capitalise on/upon [capitalize, -USA].
    * obtener perspectiva de = gain + perspective on.
    * obtener pistas sobre = get + an indication of.
    * obtener placer = take + pleasure, obtain + pleasure from, derive + pleasure.
    * obtener placer de = get + pleasure from.
    * obtener + Posesivo + aprobación = meet + Posesivo + approval.
    * obtener promoción = arrive at + promotion.
    * obtener provecho = get + Posesivo + money's worth out of.
    * obtener reconocimiento = gain + recognition.
    * obtener resultado = obtain + result.
    * obtener resultados = get + things done.
    * obtener satisfacción = derive + satisfaction, gain + satisfaction, derive + gratification, obtain + satisfaction.
    * obtenerse = accrue.
    * obtenerse de = flow from.
    * obtener titulación = receive + degree.
    * obtener + Título = earn + Título.
    * obtener una categoría = gain + status.
    * obtener una cita bibliográfica = glean + citation.
    * obtener una idea = get + a sense of, gain + a sense of.
    * obtener una idea de = get + a taste of.
    * obtener una impresión = gain + picture.
    * obtener una perspectiva = gather + perspective.
    * obtener una referencia = glean + reference.
    * obtener un estatus = gain + status.
    * obtener un premio = earn + an award, win + award, win + prize.
    * obtener un puesto de trabajo = obtain + position.
    * obtener un título = gain + a degree in.
    * obtener ventaja = gain + advantage.
    * obtener ventajas = reap + advantages.
    * se obtendrá algo de provecho = something is bound to come of it.

    * * *
    vt
    ‹premio› to win, receive; ‹resultado› to obtain, achieve; ‹calificación/autorización/préstamo› to obtain, get
    se han obtenido importantes mejoras significant improvements have been obtained o achieved
    obtuvimos los fondos necesarios del banco we got o obtained o ( frml) secured the necessary funding from the bank
    * * *

     

    obtener ( conjugate obtener) verbo transitivo ‹ premio› to win, receive;
    ‹resultado/autorización› to obtain;
    ‹ calificación› to obtain, set
    obtener vtr (conseguir) to obtain, get
    ' obtener' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    conseguir
    - sigilo
    - abastecer
    - alcanzar
    - apuntar
    - capacitar
    - coger
    - diplomarse
    - ello
    - obtuve
    - sacar
    English:
    bid
    - blank
    - clear
    - derive
    - elicit
    - extort
    - get
    - get in
    - obtain
    - poll
    - procure
    - profit
    - qualify
    - raise
    - secure
    - access
    - achieve
    - cream
    - drum
    - gain
    - hope
    - length
    - lobby
    - process
    * * *
    [beca, cargo, puntos, información] to get, to obtain; [resultado] to obtain, to achieve; [premio, victoria] to win; [ganancias] to make; [satisfacción, ventaja] to gain, to obtain;
    obtuvieron dos millones de beneficio de la venta de su casa they made a profit of two million from the sale of their house;
    la sidra se obtiene de las manzanas cider is obtained o made from apples
    * * *
    <part obtuvo> v/t get, obtain fml
    * * *
    obtener {80} vt
    : to obtain, to secure, to get
    ♦ obtenible adj
    * * *
    1. (conseguir en general) to get / to obtain
    2. (conseguir premios, medallas, etc) to win [pt. & pp. won]

    Spanish-English dictionary > obtener

  • 13 reconstruir

    v.
    1 to rebuild.
    2 to reconstruct (suceso).
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ HUIR], like link=huir huir
    1 to reconstruct
    * * *
    * * *
    verbo transitivo <edificio/ciudad> to reconstruct, rebuild; <suceso/hechos> to reconstruct
    * * *
    = rebuild, reconstitute, reconstruct.
    Ex. There are also the lack of the basic engineering equipment to rebuild the severely run down industrial infrastructure.
    Ex. Meanwhile in 1951, the Library Association reconstituted its Catalogue Code Revision Committee and started discussion.
    Ex. The operations staff makes special backup copies of the catalogs in the network, reconstructs the files in case of a serious mishap, enters new system logon names, assigns authorization levels, and so forth.
    ----
    * reconstruir + Posesivo + vida = rebuild + Posesivo + life.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo <edificio/ciudad> to reconstruct, rebuild; <suceso/hechos> to reconstruct
    * * *
    = rebuild, reconstitute, reconstruct.

    Ex: There are also the lack of the basic engineering equipment to rebuild the severely run down industrial infrastructure.

    Ex: Meanwhile in 1951, the Library Association reconstituted its Catalogue Code Revision Committee and started discussion.
    Ex: The operations staff makes special backup copies of the catalogs in the network, reconstructs the files in case of a serious mishap, enters new system logon names, assigns authorization levels, and so forth.
    * reconstruir + Posesivo + vida = rebuild + Posesivo + life.

    * * *
    vt
    1 ‹edificio/ciudad› to reconstruct, rebuild
    2 ‹suceso/hechos› to reconstruct
    * * *

    reconstruir ( conjugate reconstruir) verbo transitivo
    to reconstruct
    reconstruir verbo transitivo
    1 (un edificio) to rebuild
    2 (un suceso) to reconstruct
    ' reconstruir' also found in these entries:
    English:
    piece together
    - re-enact
    - rebuild
    - reconstruct
    - piece
    - reenact
    * * *
    1. [edificio, país] to rebuild
    2. [suceso] to reconstruct
    * * *
    v/t fig
    reconstruct
    * * *
    reconstruir {41} vt
    : to rebuild, to reconstruct
    * * *
    reconstruir vb to reconstruct / to rebuild

    Spanish-English dictionary > reconstruir

  • 14 regir

    v.
    1 to rule, to govern.
    2 to govern.
    3 to govern (linguistics).
    4 to be in force, to apply (ley).
    5 to be in effect, to predominate, to be in force, to prevail.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ ELEGIR], like link=elegir elegir
    1 (gobernar) to govern, rule
    2 (dirigir) to manage, direct, run
    3 LINGÚÍSTICA to govern
    1 (ley etc) to be in force, apply; (costumbre) to prevail
    1 (guiarse) to follow, abide ( por, by), go ( por, by)
    \
    el mes que rige the present month
    no regir familiar to have a screw loose
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) [+ país] to rule, govern; [+ colegio] to run; [+ empresa] to manage, run
    2) (Econ, Jur) to govern
    3) (Ling) to take
    2. VI
    1) (=estar en vigor) [ley, precio] to be in force; [condición] to prevail, obtain
    2) [con mes, año]

    el mes que rige — the present month, the current month

    3) (=funcionar) to work, go
    4) * (=estar cuerdo)

    no regir — to have a screw loose *, not be all there *

    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( gobernar) to govern
    b) ley/disposición to govern
    c) (Ling) to take
    2.
    regir vi ley/disposición to be in force, be valid
    3.
    regirse v pron

    regirse por algo — sociedad to be governed by something; economía/mercado to be controlled by something o subject to something

    * * *
    = govern, obtain, hold + sway (over).
    Ex. It is not sufficient merely to describe the processes that govern the creation and generation of indexing and abstracting data.
    Ex. This simple rule obtains no matter what the type of book may be, unless the publishing house is enabled to run at a loss through some form of external subsidy.
    Ex. This ideology appealed widely to the librarian as well as the library user and held sway for nearly a quarter of a millennium when, in 1841, a catalytic event in the history of cataloging took place.
    ----
    * regir el destino = determine + destiny.
    * regirse = run.
    * regir una decisión = govern + decision.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( gobernar) to govern
    b) ley/disposición to govern
    c) (Ling) to take
    2.
    regir vi ley/disposición to be in force, be valid
    3.
    regirse v pron

    regirse por algo — sociedad to be governed by something; economía/mercado to be controlled by something o subject to something

    * * *
    = govern, obtain, hold + sway (over).

    Ex: It is not sufficient merely to describe the processes that govern the creation and generation of indexing and abstracting data.

    Ex: This simple rule obtains no matter what the type of book may be, unless the publishing house is enabled to run at a loss through some form of external subsidy.
    Ex: This ideology appealed widely to the librarian as well as the library user and held sway for nearly a quarter of a millennium when, in 1841, a catalytic event in the history of cataloging took place.
    * regir el destino = determine + destiny.
    * regirse = run.
    * regir una decisión = govern + decision.

    * * *
    regir [I8 ]
    vt
    1 (gobernar) to govern
    el partido que rige los destinos de la nación the party which controls o governs o determines the nation's destiny
    2 «ley/disposición» to govern
    las leyes que rigen el comportamiento humano the laws governing o which determine human behavior
    los factores que rigen la economía the factors governing the economy o which control the economy
    el reglamento que rige la adjudicación de premios the rules governing the awarding of prizes
    3 ( Ling) to take
    preposiciones que rigen acusativo prepositions which take the accusative
    ■ regir
    vi
    A «ley/disposición» to be in force, be valid
    esa ley ya no rige that law is no longer valid o in force
    ese horario ya no rige that timetable no longer applies o is no longer valid
    B
    ( Esp fam) (carburar): esa chica no rige or no rige bien that girl's not all there ( colloq)
    los valores morales por los que todavía se rige esta comunidad the moral values which still hold sway in this community, the moral values by which the community is still governed
    el mercado libre se rige por las leyes de la oferta y la demanda the free market is controlled by o is subject to the laws of supply and demand
    los criterios por los cuales se rige la organización the criteria which are the basic tenets of the organization
    * * *

     

    regir ( conjugate regir) verbo transitivo
    to govern
    verbo intransitivo [ley/disposición] to be in force, be valid;

    regirse verbo pronominal regirse por algo [ sociedad] to be governed by sth;

    [economía/mercado] to be controlled by sth o subject to sth
    regir
    I verbo transitivo
    1 (un país, una conducta) to govern, rule
    2 (un negocio) to manage, run
    3 Ling to take
    II verbo intransitivo
    1 (una ley, moda, un horario) to be valid o in force, apply [ para, to]
    2 (la mente de alguien) to have all one's faculties
    3 (un mecanismo) to work, go
    ' regir' also found in these entries:
    English:
    govern
    - operate
    - operation
    - take
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [gobernar] to rule, to govern
    2. [administrar] to run, to manage
    3. Ling to take;
    este verbo rige la preposición “de” this verb takes the preposition “de”
    4. [determinar] to govern;
    las normas básicas que rigen la convivencia en una sociedad the basic rules governing how people live together in a society
    ♦ vi
    1. [ley] to be in force;
    rige una moratoria sobre la caza de ballenas a moratorium on whaling is in force;
    rige el toque de queda en la zona a curfew is in force in the area;
    la ley regirá con efecto retroactivo the law will apply retrospectively
    2. [funcionar] to work;
    este reloj no rige this watch doesn't work
    3. Fam [persona]
    la abuela ya no rige grandma has gone a bit gaga
    * * *
    I v/t rule, govern
    II v/i apply, be in force
    * * *
    regir {28} vt
    1) : to rule
    2) : to manage, to run
    3) : to control, to govern
    las costumbres que rigen la conducta: the customs which govern behavior
    regir vi
    : to apply, to be in force
    las leyes rigen en los tres países: the laws apply in all three countries

    Spanish-English dictionary > regir

  • 15 rehacer

    v.
    1 to redo, to do again.
    2 to rebuild.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ HACER], like link=hacer hacer (pp rehecho,-a)
    1 (volver a hacer) to do again, redo
    2 (reconstruir) to remake, rebuild
    3 (reparar) to repair, mend
    4 (repetir) to repeat
    1 (recuperarse) to recover, recuperate
    2 (serenarse) to pull oneself together
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=hacer de nuevo) to do again, redo

    tengo que rehacer toda la carta — I have to do the whole letter again, I have to redo the whole letter again

    2) (=recomponer)
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    2.
    rehacerse v pron
    * * *
    = rebuild, redo [re-do], remake.
    Ex. There are also the lack of the basic engineering equipment to rebuild the severely run down industrial infrastructure.
    Ex. Clearly, the editor is not obligated to re-do the abstract, and if such is required, the professional competence of the abstractors must be questioned.
    Ex. The article 'The remaking of librarians in the knowledge era' details some of the efforts made to ' remake' the collection, advertise library services and rebuild membership.
    ----
    * rehacer + Posesivo + vida = rebuild + Posesivo + life.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    2.
    rehacerse v pron
    * * *
    = rebuild, redo [re-do], remake.

    Ex: There are also the lack of the basic engineering equipment to rebuild the severely run down industrial infrastructure.

    Ex: Clearly, the editor is not obligated to re-do the abstract, and if such is required, the professional competence of the abstractors must be questioned.
    Ex: The article 'The remaking of librarians in the knowledge era' details some of the efforts made to ' remake' the collection, advertise library services and rebuild membership.
    * rehacer + Posesivo + vida = rebuild + Posesivo + life.

    * * *
    vt
    va a haber que rehacerlo it'll have to be redone
    después de enviudar trató de rehacer su vida after her husband's death she tried to make a new life for herself o she tried to rebuild her life
    rehacerse DE algo to get over sth
    todavía no me he rehecho del susto I still haven't got(ten) over the shock
    * * *

    rehacer ( conjugate rehacer) verbo transitivo ( volver a hacer) to redo;

    rehacerse verbo pronominal rehacerse DE algo to get over sth
    rehacer verbo transitivo to redo: rehízo su vida con otra persona, she rebuilt her life with another person

    ' rehacer' also found in these entries:
    English:
    redo
    - remake
    - rebuild
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [volver a hacer] to redo, to do again
    2. [reconstruir] to rebuild;
    tuvo que rehacer su vida he had to rebuild his life
    * * *
    <part rehecho> v/t
    1 película, ropa, cama remake
    2 trabajo, ejercicio do over, do again
    3 casa, vida rebuild
    * * *
    rehacer {40} vt
    1) : to redo
    2) : to remake, to repair, to renew
    * * *
    rehacer vb to redo / to do again

    Spanish-English dictionary > rehacer

  • 16 renunciar

    v.
    1 to resign.
    renunció a su cargo de secretario he resigned his position as secretary
    2 to renounce, to give up, to bow out, to abandon.
    3 to disclaim, to abandon, to surrender.
    El ladrón entregó las joyas The thief rendered up the jewels.
    * * *
    1 (abandonar) to give up (a, -), abandon (a, -)
    2 (dimitir) to resign
    ■ renunció a su puesto he resigned his post, he resigned
    3 DERECHO to renounce (a, -), relinquish (a, -)
    4 (en los naipes) to revoke, not to follow suit
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    VI
    1)

    renunciar a — [+ derecho, trono] to renounce; [+ exigencia, plan] to abandon, drop

    ¿renuncias a Satanás? — do you renounce Satan?

    2) (=dimitir) to resign
    3) (Naipes) to revoke
    * * *
    verbo intransitivo
    1) ( dimitir) to resign

    renunciar A algo — a puesto to resign something

    2) (a derecho, proyecto)

    renunciar A algo — to give up o relinquish something

    * * *
    = abdicate, abrogate, renounce, surrender, step down, stand down.
    Ex. Will LC, after becoming the de facto national library as a result of the technological innovation of the standard, printed catalog card, be forced to abdicate its role?.
    Ex. As a result of undermanning the university's computer centre has abrogated any constructive influence on libraries' choice of computer systems.
    Ex. 'Classification by attraction', i.e. the placing of a subject as the most concrete element represented in it, without regard to the basic discipline concerned, is renounced = Se rechaza la "Clasificación por atracción", es decir, la asignación de una materia según el elemento más concreto representado en ella, sin tener en cuenta la disciplina en cuestión.
    Ex. Instead the two ecclesiastical disputes which arose from Diocletian's decree to surrender scriptures must be seen as more disastrous to Christian unity than the destruction of libraries.
    Ex. She had stepped down as president of the League of Women Voters several years ago.
    Ex. Defence Minister Ehud Barak has called on the Prime Minister to stand down over corruption allegations.
    ----
    * renunciar a = give up, relinquish, forego [forgo].
    * renunciar a un cargo = step down from + Posesivo + position, stand down.
    * * *
    verbo intransitivo
    1) ( dimitir) to resign

    renunciar A algo — a puesto to resign something

    2) (a derecho, proyecto)

    renunciar A algo — to give up o relinquish something

    * * *
    = abdicate, abrogate, renounce, surrender, step down, stand down.

    Ex: Will LC, after becoming the de facto national library as a result of the technological innovation of the standard, printed catalog card, be forced to abdicate its role?.

    Ex: As a result of undermanning the university's computer centre has abrogated any constructive influence on libraries' choice of computer systems.
    Ex: 'Classification by attraction', i.e. the placing of a subject as the most concrete element represented in it, without regard to the basic discipline concerned, is renounced = Se rechaza la "Clasificación por atracción", es decir, la asignación de una materia según el elemento más concreto representado en ella, sin tener en cuenta la disciplina en cuestión.
    Ex: Instead the two ecclesiastical disputes which arose from Diocletian's decree to surrender scriptures must be seen as more disastrous to Christian unity than the destruction of libraries.
    Ex: She had stepped down as president of the League of Women Voters several years ago.
    Ex: Defence Minister Ehud Barak has called on the Prime Minister to stand down over corruption allegations.
    * renunciar a = give up, relinquish, forego [forgo].
    * renunciar a un cargo = step down from + Posesivo + position, stand down.

    * * *
    renunciar [A1 ]
    vi
    A (dimitir) to resign renunciar A algo:
    renunció a su puesto en la dirección he resigned his position on the board, he resigned from the board
    B (a un derecho, un proyecto) renunciar A algo to give up o relinquish sth
    renunció a su parte de la herencia she relinquished her part of the inheritance
    ¿renuncias a Satanás? do you renounce Satan?
    renunció a la acción de indemnización de perjuicios she abandoned o dropped her claim for damages
    C ( Esp) (en naipes) to revoke, fail to follow suit
    to deny oneself, make a sacrifice
    * * *

     

    renunciar ( conjugate renunciar) verbo intransitivo ( dimitir) to resign;
    renunciar A algo ‹ a puesto› to resign sth;
    ‹ a derecho› to relinquish sth, renounce sth (frml);
    ‹ a título› to give up sth, relinquish sth;
    ‹ a trono› to renounce sth
    renunciar verbo intransitivo
    1 (a un derecho, bien) to renounce, give up: renunció a la felicidad, he renounced happiness
    renunciamos a la herencia, we relinquished the inheritance
    2 (a un vicio, placer, proyecto) to give up: tendré que renunciar a los dulces, I've got to stop eating sweets
    renunciamos a ir de viaje, we gave up travelling
    3 (no aceptar) to decline
    4 (a un cargo) to resign
    ' renunciar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abdicar
    - sacrificar
    - desechar
    - desprender
    - hablar
    - macana
    - opinar
    - voluntad
    English:
    abandon
    - disclaim
    - forgo
    - relinquish
    - renounce
    - resign
    - surrender
    - withdraw
    - drop
    - forsake
    - stand
    - step
    - waive
    * * *
    1.
    renunciar a algo [abandonar, prescindir de] to give sth up;
    renunciar a un proyecto to abandon a project;
    renunciar al tabaco to give up o stop smoking;
    renunciar a la violencia to renounce the use of violence
    2. [dimitir] to resign;
    renunció a su cargo de secretario he resigned his position as secretary
    3. [rechazar]
    renunciar a hacer algo to refuse to do sth;
    renunciar a algo [premio, oferta] to turn sth down;
    renunció a recibir ayuda del extranjero he refused to accept help from abroad
    4. [en naipes] to revoke
    * * *
    v/i
    :
    renunciar a tabaco, alcohol etc give up; demanda drop; puesto resign
    * * *
    1) : to resign
    2)
    renunciar a : to renounce, to relinquish
    renunció al título: herelinquished the title
    * * *
    1. (rechazar) to renounce
    2. (dimitir) to resign
    renunció a su cargo he resigned / he resigned from his post
    3. (abandonar) to give up [pt. gave; pp. given]

    Spanish-English dictionary > renunciar

  • 17 esbozar

    v.
    to sketch, to outline.
    esomebodyozar una sonrisa to give a hint of a smile
    * * *
    1 to sketch, outline
    \
    esbozar una sonrisa figurado to force a smile, smile weakly
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    VT
    1) (Arte) to sketch, outline
    2) [+ plan] to outline

    esbozar una sonrisa — to smile a faint smile, force a smile

    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) < figura> to sketch
    b) <idea/tema> to outline
    c) < sonrisa>
    * * *
    = adumbrate, outline, rough out, sketch.
    Ex. Knud Larsen had been concerned in the 1950s to adumbrate the conditions necessary for the creation of the basic bibliographic records.
    Ex. In many respects, principles and practices outlined in this chapter apply equally to AACR1 and AACR2 and the Concise AACR2.
    Ex. Stories began to be roughed out, pictures sketched, layouts planned.
    Ex. Stories began to be roughed out, pictures sketched, layouts planned.
    ----
    * esbozar prestaciones = outline + capabilities.
    * esbozar resultados = outline + results.
    * esbozarse = shadow.
    * esbozar un problema = outline + problem.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) < figura> to sketch
    b) <idea/tema> to outline
    c) < sonrisa>
    * * *
    = adumbrate, outline, rough out, sketch.

    Ex: Knud Larsen had been concerned in the 1950s to adumbrate the conditions necessary for the creation of the basic bibliographic records.

    Ex: In many respects, principles and practices outlined in this chapter apply equally to AACR1 and AACR2 and the Concise AACR2.
    Ex: Stories began to be roughed out, pictures sketched, layouts planned.
    Ex: Stories began to be roughed out, pictures sketched, layouts planned.
    * esbozar prestaciones = outline + capabilities.
    * esbozar resultados = outline + results.
    * esbozarse = shadow.
    * esbozar un problema = outline + problem.

    * * *
    esbozar [A4 ]
    vt
    1 ‹figura› to sketch
    2 ‹idea/tema› to outline
    3 ‹sonrisa›
    apenas esbozó una sonrisa she gave a hint of a smile
    * * *

    esbozar ( conjugate esbozar) verbo transitivo
    a) ‹ figura› to sketch

    b) ‹idea/tema› to outline

    esbozar verbo intransitivo
    1 (un proyecto, un dibujo) to sketch, outline
    2 (amagar un gesto) to hint, give a hint of: esbozó un saludo, he gave a hint of a wave
    ' esbozar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    amagar
    English:
    delineate
    - muster
    - outline
    - rough out
    * * *
    1. [dibujo, plano] to sketch, to outline
    2. [directrices, tema, plan] to outline
    3. [gesto]
    esbozar una sonrisa to give a hint of a smile
    * * *
    v/t sketch; idea, proyecto etc outline
    * * *
    esbozar {21} vt
    bosquejar: to sketch, to outline

    Spanish-English dictionary > esbozar

  • 18 renegar

    v.
    1 to grumble (informal) (gruñir).
    Ella reniega del dinero She grumbles about the money.
    2 to renegate, to abjure.
    Ricardo reniega Richard renegates.
    3 to renegate to.
    Me reniega Ricardo Ricardo renegates to me.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ REGAR], like link=regar regar
    1 (negar) to deny vigorously
    1 (gen) to renounce (de, -); (familia) to disown (de, -)
    2 familiar figurado (protestar) to grumble, complain
    3 familiar figurado (blasfemar) to swear, curse
    * * *
    1. VI
    1)

    renegar de: renegó de su fe — he renounced his faith

    2) (=maldecir) to curse, swear; (=blasfemar) to blaspheme
    3) (=refunfuñar) to complain (de about)
    4) And, Méx (=enojarse) to get angry, get upset
    5) And, Méx (=gritar) to shout, rage
    2.
    VT
    * * *
    1.
    verbo intransitivo
    1)
    a) (Relig) to apostatize
    b) ( abjurar)

    renegar DE algo — de creencias/principios to renounce something

    2) ( maldecir) to swear, curse; ( blasfemar) to blaspheme
    3) (quejarse, refunfuñar) to grumble
    4) (AmL) ( enojarse) to get annoyed
    2.
    renegar vt to deny... vigorously
    * * *
    = disavow, renounce.
    Ex. Feminists disavow biology & biologists who reduce human biology to anatomy.
    Ex. 'Classification by attraction', i.e. the placing of a subject as the most concrete element represented in it, without regard to the basic discipline concerned, is renounced = Se rechaza la "Clasificación por atracción", es decir, la asignación de una materia según el elemento más concreto representado en ella, sin tener en cuenta la disciplina en cuestión.
    ----
    * renegar a una promesa = go back on + Posesivo + promise.
    * renegar de = deny.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo intransitivo
    1)
    a) (Relig) to apostatize
    b) ( abjurar)

    renegar DE algo — de creencias/principios to renounce something

    2) ( maldecir) to swear, curse; ( blasfemar) to blaspheme
    3) (quejarse, refunfuñar) to grumble
    4) (AmL) ( enojarse) to get annoyed
    2.
    renegar vt to deny... vigorously
    * * *
    = disavow, renounce.

    Ex: Feminists disavow biology & biologists who reduce human biology to anatomy.

    Ex: 'Classification by attraction', i.e. the placing of a subject as the most concrete element represented in it, without regard to the basic discipline concerned, is renounced = Se rechaza la "Clasificación por atracción", es decir, la asignación de una materia según el elemento más concreto representado en ella, sin tener en cuenta la disciplina en cuestión.
    * renegar a una promesa = go back on + Posesivo + promise.
    * renegar de = deny.

    * * *
    renegar [A7 ]
    vi
    A
    1 ( Relig) to apostatize
    2 (abjurar) renegar DE algo:
    nunca renegaré de mis principios/creencias I shall never renounce my principles/beliefs
    renegar de Dios to renounce God
    ha renegado de su familia she has disowned her family, she doesn't want to have anything to do with her family
    renegar de una promesa to renege on o go back on a promise
    B
    1 (maldecir) to swear, curse
    2 (blasfemar) to blaspheme
    C (quejarse, refunfuñar) to grumble renegar DE algo to grumble ABOUT sth
    renegaba del tiempo he was grumbling about the weather
    D ( AmL) (enojarse) to get annoyed
    ■ renegar
    vt
    to deny … vigorously
    negó y renegó su participación en el asunto she vigorously denied any involvement in the affair
    * * *

    renegar ( conjugate renegar) verbo intransitivo
    a) (Relig) to apostatize;

    renegar DE algo ‹de creencias/principios› to renounce sth

    ( blasfemar) to blaspheme

    renegar DE algo to grumble about sth

    renegar
    I vtr (negar con fuerza) to deny vigorously
    II verbo intransitivo
    1 (de creencias, ideología, etc) to renounce: renegaron de su pasado fascista, they repudiated their fascist past
    2 (repudiar) to disown: reniega de su familia, he disowns his family
    3 fam (refunfuñar) renegar de algo, to grumble about sthg
    ' renegar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    maldecir
    English:
    forswear
    - disown
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    [negar] to deny categorically;
    negó y renegó que hubiera estado allí he repeatedly and categorically denied that he had been there
    ♦ vi
    1.
    renegar de [fe] to renounce
    2.
    renegar de [familia] to disown;
    [principios] to abandon, to renounce
    3. Fam [gruñir] to grumble
    * * *
    v/i
    :
    renegar de alguien disown s.o.;
    renegar de algo renounce sth
    * * *
    renegar {49} vi
    1)
    renegar de : to renounce, to disown, to give up
    2)
    renegar de : to complain about
    1) : to deny vigorously
    2) : to abhor, to hate

    Spanish-English dictionary > renegar

  • 19 Renard, Charles

    SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace
    [br]
    b. 23 November 1847 Damblain, Vosges, France
    d. 13 April 1905 Chalais-Meudon, France
    [br]
    French pioneer of military aeronautics who, with A.C.Krebs, built an airship powered by an electric motor.
    [br]
    Charles Renard was a French army officer with an interest in aviation. In 1873 he constructed an unusual unmanned glider with ten wings and an automatic stabilizing device to control rolling. This operated by means of a pendulum device linked to moving control surfaces. The model was launched from a tower near Arras, but unfortunately it spiralled into the ground. The control surfaces could not cope with the basic instability of the design, but as an idea for automatic flight control it was ahead of its time.
    Following a Commission report on the military use of balloons, carrier pigeons and an optical telegraph, an aeronautical establishment was set up in 1877 at Chalais-Meudon, near Paris, under the direction of Charles Renard, who was assisted by his brother Paul. The following year Renard and a colleague, Arthur Krebs, began to plan an airship. They received financial help from Léon Gambetta, a prominent politician who had escaped from Paris by balloon in 1870 during the siege by the Prussians. Renard and Krebs studied earlier airship designs: they used the outside shape of Paul Haenlein's gas-engined airship of 1872 and included Meusnier's internal air-filled ballonnets. The gas-engine had not been a success so they decided on an electric motor. Renard developed lightweight pile batteries while Krebs designed a motor, although this was later replaced by a more powerful Gramme motor of 6.5 kW (9 hp). La France was constructed at Chalais-Meudon and, after a two-month wait for calm conditions, the airship finally ascended on 9 August 1884. The motor was switched on and the flight began. Renard and Krebs found their airship handled well and after twenty-three minutes they landed back at their base. La, France made several successful flights, but its speed of only 24 km/h (15 mph) meant that flights could be made only in calm weather. Parts of La, France, including the electric motor, are preserved in the Musée de l'Air in Paris.
    Renard remained in charge of the establishment at Chalais-Meudon until his death. Among other things, he developed the "Train Renard", a train of articulated road vehicles for military and civil use, of which a number were built between 1903 and 1911. Towards the end of his life Renard became interested in helicopters, and in 1904 he built a large twin-rotor model which, however, failed to take off.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1886, Le Ballon dirigeable La France, Paris (a description of the airship).
    Further Reading
    Descriptions of Renard and Kreb's airship are given in most books on the history of lighter-than-air flight, e.g.
    L.T.C.Rolt, 1966, The Aeronauts, London; pub. in paperback 1985.
    C.Bailleux, c. 1988, Association pour l'Histoire de l'Electricité en France, (a detailed account of the conception and operations of La France).
    1977, Centenaire de la recherche aéronautique à Chalais-Meudon, Paris (an official memoir on the work of Chalais-Meudon with a chapter on Renard).
    JDS

    Biographical history of technology > Renard, Charles

  • 20 модель Кано

    1. Kano model

     

    модель Кано
    (ITIL Service Strategy)
    Модель, разработанная Нориаки Кано (Noriaki Kano). Модель используется для облегчения понимания предпочтений заказчика. Модель Кано учитывает атрибуты ИТ-услуги, сгруппированные по областям: основные факторы, факторы восхищения, факторы производительности и т.п.
    [Словарь терминов ITIL версия 1.0, 29 июля 2011 г.]

    EN

    Kano model
    (ITIL Service Strategy)
    A model developed by Noriaki Kano that is used to help understand customer preferences. The Kano model considers attributes of an IT service grouped into areas such as basic factors, excitement factors, performance factors etc.
    [Словарь терминов ITIL версия 1.0, 29 июля 2011 г.]

    Тематики

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > модель Кано

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