Перевод: со словенского на английский

с английского на словенский

initial

  • 21 jьgъlà

    jьgъlà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `needle'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 213-214
    Old Church Slavic:
    \{1\}
    Church Slavic:
    igla `needle' [f ā]
    Russian:
    iglá `needle' [f ā]
    Ukrainian:
    hólka `needle' [f ā];
    ihlá (dial.) `needle' [f ā]
    Czech:
    jehla `needle' [f ā];
    ihɫa (dial.) `needle' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    ihla `needle' [f ā]
    Polish:
    igɫa `needle, pin' [f ā];
    jegɫa (dial.) `needle, pin' [f ā]
    Slovincian:
    jìe̯glă `needle' [f ā]
    Lower Sorbian:
    gɫa `needle' [f ā]
    Polabian:
    jḁglă `needle' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    ìgla `needle' [f ā], ȉglu [Accs];
    jìgla (dial.) `needle' [f ā];
    jàgla (dial.) `needle' [f ā];
    Čak. iglȁ (Vrgada) `needle' [f ā], ȉglu [Accs];
    Čak. iglȁ (Novi) `needle' [f ā];
    Čak. jȏgla (Hvar) `needle' [f ā], ȉglu [Accs];
    Čak. ȉgla (Orbanići) `needle' [f ā], ȉglo [Accs]
    Slovene:
    ígla `needle, kingpin' [f ā];
    iglà `needle, kingpin' [f ā];
    jǝ̀gla `needle, kingpin' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    iglá `needle' [f ā]
    Old Prussian:
    ayculo `needle' [f ā]
    Comments: The connection with Lith. (dial.) áigyti `prick, sting, incite, beat', aĩgaras `straw' (Toporov PJ s.v. ayculo), does not seem implausible. OPr. ayculo may have <c> for g. The assumption that ay- reflects *ei is not trivial. The Slavic root may have either zero grade or e-grade unless the root has initial *h₂ or *h₃. Note that in case of a zero grade in the root the *u of the suffix would have blocked the progressive palatalization.
    Notes:
    \{1\} According to the Staroslavjanskij slovar', the adjective igъlinъ occurs nine times, always in the context skvozě igъlině uši `through the eye of a needle'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > jьgъlà

  • 22 kolě̀no

    kolě̀no Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `knee'
    Page in Trubačev: X 132-134
    Old Church Slavic:
    kolěno `knee' [n o]
    Russian:
    koléno `knee' [n o]
    Czech:
    koleno `knee, generation' [n o]
    Slovak:
    koleno `knee, (arch.) generation' [n o]
    Polish:
    kolano `knee' [n o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    kòljeno `knee, joint' [n o];
    Čak. kolȉno (Vrgada) `knee, joint' [n o];
    Čak. kolȅno (Novi, Orbanići) `knee' [n o]
    Slovene:
    kolẹ́nọ `knee, generation, origin' [n o]
    Bulgarian:
    koljáno `knee, generation, origin' [n o]
    Lithuanian:
    kẽlis `knee' [m io]
    Latvian:
    celis `knee' [m io]
    Comments: As to the etymology of the root, there are two candidates, viz. *kelH- `rise, raise, lift' and *kʷel(H)- `turn, rotate'. I prefer the former option for semantic reasons. The connection with Gk. κω̃λον `limb', which cannot reflect an initial labiovelar, is hardly secure enough to serve as a formal argument.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > kolě̀no

  • 23 màkъ

    màkъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `poppy'
    Page in Trubačev: XVII 149-151
    Church Slavic:
    makъ `poppy' [m o]
    Russian:
    mak `poppy' [m o], máka [Gens]
    Czech:
    mák `poppy' [m o]
    Slovak:
    mak `poppy' [m o]
    Polish:
    mak `poppy' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mȁk `poppy' [m o], mȁka [Gens], màka [Gens];
    Čak. mȁk (Vrgada) `poppy' [m o], makȁ [Gens]
    Slovene:
    màk `poppy' [m o], máka [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    mak `poppy' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ?
    Lithuanian:
    aguonà `poppy' [f ā] 2;
    mãguonė (dial.) `poppy' [f ē] 1 \{1\}
    Latvian:
    maguône `poppy' [f ē] \{2\} \{3\}
    Old Prussian:
    moke (EV) `poppy' [f]
    IE meaning: poppy
    Certainty: -
    Page in Pokorny: 698
    Comments: The Germanic forms show grammatischer Wechsel as well as an alternation *ā: a. The vocalism, which could reflect PIE *eh₁: h₁, does not match the ā of the Greek and the Slavic forms, which leads us to assume that the vowel alternation arose when at a comparatively late stage the root māk- was borrowed into Germanic (cf. Kluge 1989, 484). The Lithuanian and Latvian forms are usually considered borrowings from Germanic, whereas OPr. moke may have been borrowed from Polish. The Estonian and Livonian forms must be borrowings from Baltic, probably Latvian. It is generally agreed upon that ultimately we are dealing with a word of non-Indo-European (Mediterranean?) origin.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. μήκων `poppy' [f];
    Dor. μά̑κων `poppy' [f];
    OHG māho `poppy'
    ;
    OHG mago `poppy'
    ;
    OS magosāmo `poppyseed'
    ;
    OS mēcopin (Königsberg) `poppy'
    ;
    OSw. valmoghe `poppy'
    \{4\};
    Est. magun `poppy;
    Liv. maggon `poppy'
    Notes:
    \{1\} Besides, we find the variants maguona and magūna. The forms with m are restricted to the area around Klaipėda. \{2\} I have found the variants magùona2, magana, magane and magūne. \{3\} The initial m of the word for `poppy' was apparently lost in Lithuanian but not in Latvian. The Lithuanian dialect forms with m- may be due to the influence of the (Latvian) language of the fishermen of the Couronian Isthmus (cf. Būga RR III: 320). Sabaliauskas suggests dissimilatory loss of m, parallel to the loss of r in arotai: rarotai, akrūtas: rakrūtas, Latv. ruodere: uodere, ūk̨eris (1960, 71-72). \{4\} The first element means `sleep', cf. Nw. dial. vale `deep sleep', Sw. dial. valbjörn `Schlafdorn'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > màkъ

  • 24 olbǭdь

    olbǭdь; olbǭtь; elbedь; elbǭtь Grammatical information: m. jo Accent paradigm: c (a) Proto-Slavic meaning: `swan'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 19; XXXII 50-51
    Russian:
    lébed' `swan' [m jo], lébedja [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    lébid' `swan' [m jo]
    Czech:
    labut' `swan' [f i/jā]
    Slovak:
    labut' `swan' [f]
    Polish:
    ɫabędź `swan' [m jo];
    ɫabęć (dial.) `swan' [m jo]
    Old Polish:
    ɫabęć `swan' [m jo];
    ɫabęć `swan' [f i]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    lȁbūd `swan' [m o];
    lȅbūt (arch.) `swan' [m o];
    Čak. lȁbūd (Vrgada) `swan' [m o]
    Slovene:
    labǫ́d `swan' [m o];
    lebę́d `swan' [m o];
    lobǫ́d `swan' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    lébed `swan' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂elbʰ-ond-i
    IE meaning: swan
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 30-31
    Comments: If the PSl. reconstruction *olb- is correct, the fact that the root shape*lab- occurs outside South Slavic and Central Slovak suggests that we are dealing with an originally acute root (cf. Meillet 1934: 83), which would be in conflict with the traditional etymology that the etymon derives from a root*h₂elbʰ- `white'. Unless one adheres to the view that a lengthened grade yields an acute in Balto-Slavic, a reconstruction *h₂lōbʰ- (with Schwebeablaut) does not solve the problem. Apart from the etymology, the distribution of the reflexes * la- and * lo- needs to be explained. It is possible to argue that the reflex * le- in Ru. lébed' (perhaps from * lo- before a soft labial, cf. tebe < tobě) continues the short reflex of * ol- in the oxytone forms of a mobile paradigm, but there is no such explanation for the West Slavic forms. Kortlandt (2005: 128) makes an attempt to account for the facts while starting from the hypothesis that the etymon originally belonged to AP (a) and only became mobile after the rise of distinctive tone and the South Slavic lengthening of initial vowels before tautosyllabic resonants.
    Other cognates:
    OHG albiz, elbiz `swan';
    OE aelbitu, ielfetu `swan' [f];
    OIc. elptr, ǫlpt `swan' [f]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > olbǭdь

  • 25 olbǭtь

    olbǭdь; olbǭtь; elbedь; elbǭtь Grammatical information: m. jo Accent paradigm: c (a) Proto-Slavic meaning: `swan'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 19; XXXII 50-51
    Russian:
    lébed' `swan' [m jo], lébedja [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    lébid' `swan' [m jo]
    Czech:
    labut' `swan' [f i/jā]
    Slovak:
    labut' `swan' [f]
    Polish:
    ɫabędź `swan' [m jo];
    ɫabęć (dial.) `swan' [m jo]
    Old Polish:
    ɫabęć `swan' [m jo];
    ɫabęć `swan' [f i]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    lȁbūd `swan' [m o];
    lȅbūt (arch.) `swan' [m o];
    Čak. lȁbūd (Vrgada) `swan' [m o]
    Slovene:
    labǫ́d `swan' [m o];
    lebę́d `swan' [m o];
    lobǫ́d `swan' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    lébed `swan' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂elbʰ-ond-i
    IE meaning: swan
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 30-31
    Comments: If the PSl. reconstruction *olb- is correct, the fact that the root shape*lab- occurs outside South Slavic and Central Slovak suggests that we are dealing with an originally acute root (cf. Meillet 1934: 83), which would be in conflict with the traditional etymology that the etymon derives from a root*h₂elbʰ- `white'. Unless one adheres to the view that a lengthened grade yields an acute in Balto-Slavic, a reconstruction *h₂lōbʰ- (with Schwebeablaut) does not solve the problem. Apart from the etymology, the distribution of the reflexes * la- and * lo- needs to be explained. It is possible to argue that the reflex * le- in Ru. lébed' (perhaps from * lo- before a soft labial, cf. tebe < tobě) continues the short reflex of * ol- in the oxytone forms of a mobile paradigm, but there is no such explanation for the West Slavic forms. Kortlandt (2005: 128) makes an attempt to account for the facts while starting from the hypothesis that the etymon originally belonged to AP (a) and only became mobile after the rise of distinctive tone and the South Slavic lengthening of initial vowels before tautosyllabic resonants.
    Other cognates:
    OHG albiz, elbiz `swan';
    OE aelbitu, ielfetu `swan' [f];
    OIc. elptr, ǫlpt `swan' [f]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > olbǭtь

  • 26 elbedь

    olbǭdь; olbǭtь; elbedь; elbǭtь Grammatical information: m. jo Accent paradigm: c (a) Proto-Slavic meaning: `swan'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 19; XXXII 50-51
    Russian:
    lébed' `swan' [m jo], lébedja [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    lébid' `swan' [m jo]
    Czech:
    labut' `swan' [f i/jā]
    Slovak:
    labut' `swan' [f]
    Polish:
    ɫabędź `swan' [m jo];
    ɫabęć (dial.) `swan' [m jo]
    Old Polish:
    ɫabęć `swan' [m jo];
    ɫabęć `swan' [f i]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    lȁbūd `swan' [m o];
    lȅbūt (arch.) `swan' [m o];
    Čak. lȁbūd (Vrgada) `swan' [m o]
    Slovene:
    labǫ́d `swan' [m o];
    lebę́d `swan' [m o];
    lobǫ́d `swan' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    lébed `swan' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂elbʰ-ond-i
    IE meaning: swan
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 30-31
    Comments: If the PSl. reconstruction *olb- is correct, the fact that the root shape*lab- occurs outside South Slavic and Central Slovak suggests that we are dealing with an originally acute root (cf. Meillet 1934: 83), which would be in conflict with the traditional etymology that the etymon derives from a root*h₂elbʰ- `white'. Unless one adheres to the view that a lengthened grade yields an acute in Balto-Slavic, a reconstruction *h₂lōbʰ- (with Schwebeablaut) does not solve the problem. Apart from the etymology, the distribution of the reflexes * la- and * lo- needs to be explained. It is possible to argue that the reflex * le- in Ru. lébed' (perhaps from * lo- before a soft labial, cf. tebe < tobě) continues the short reflex of * ol- in the oxytone forms of a mobile paradigm, but there is no such explanation for the West Slavic forms. Kortlandt (2005: 128) makes an attempt to account for the facts while starting from the hypothesis that the etymon originally belonged to AP (a) and only became mobile after the rise of distinctive tone and the South Slavic lengthening of initial vowels before tautosyllabic resonants.
    Other cognates:
    OHG albiz, elbiz `swan';
    OE aelbitu, ielfetu `swan' [f];
    OIc. elptr, ǫlpt `swan' [f]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > elbedь

  • 27 elbǭtь

    olbǭdь; olbǭtь; elbedь; elbǭtь Grammatical information: m. jo Accent paradigm: c (a) Proto-Slavic meaning: `swan'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 19; XXXII 50-51
    Russian:
    lébed' `swan' [m jo], lébedja [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    lébid' `swan' [m jo]
    Czech:
    labut' `swan' [f i/jā]
    Slovak:
    labut' `swan' [f]
    Polish:
    ɫabędź `swan' [m jo];
    ɫabęć (dial.) `swan' [m jo]
    Old Polish:
    ɫabęć `swan' [m jo];
    ɫabęć `swan' [f i]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    lȁbūd `swan' [m o];
    lȅbūt (arch.) `swan' [m o];
    Čak. lȁbūd (Vrgada) `swan' [m o]
    Slovene:
    labǫ́d `swan' [m o];
    lebę́d `swan' [m o];
    lobǫ́d `swan' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    lébed `swan' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂elbʰ-ond-i
    IE meaning: swan
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 30-31
    Comments: If the PSl. reconstruction *olb- is correct, the fact that the root shape*lab- occurs outside South Slavic and Central Slovak suggests that we are dealing with an originally acute root (cf. Meillet 1934: 83), which would be in conflict with the traditional etymology that the etymon derives from a root*h₂elbʰ- `white'. Unless one adheres to the view that a lengthened grade yields an acute in Balto-Slavic, a reconstruction *h₂lōbʰ- (with Schwebeablaut) does not solve the problem. Apart from the etymology, the distribution of the reflexes * la- and * lo- needs to be explained. It is possible to argue that the reflex * le- in Ru. lébed' (perhaps from * lo- before a soft labial, cf. tebe < tobě) continues the short reflex of * ol- in the oxytone forms of a mobile paradigm, but there is no such explanation for the West Slavic forms. Kortlandt (2005: 128) makes an attempt to account for the facts while starting from the hypothesis that the etymon originally belonged to AP (a) and only became mobile after the rise of distinctive tone and the South Slavic lengthening of initial vowels before tautosyllabic resonants.
    Other cognates:
    OHG albiz, elbiz `swan';
    OE aelbitu, ielfetu `swan' [f];
    OIc. elptr, ǫlpt `swan' [f]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > elbǭtь

  • 28 otjutiti

    otjutiti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `feel, perceive'
    Old Church Slavic:
    oštutiti `feel, perceive, understand' [verb], oštuštǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    očutít'sja `find oneself, come to be' [verb]
    Old Russian:
    očutiti `notice' [verb]
    Czech:
    cítiti `feel' [verb] \{1\}
    Slovak:
    cítit' `perceive, (refl.) feel' [verb] \{1\}
    Polish:
    cucić `bring back to consciousness, (refl.) awake' [verb] \{1\}
    Serbo-Croatian:
    ćútjeti `feel' [verb];
    Čak. ćūtȉti (Vrgada) `feel' [verb];
    Čak. ćūtȉt (Orbanići) `feel' [verb] \{1\}
    Slovene:
    čútiti `feel, sense, notice' [verb], čútim [1sg];
    čutíti `feel, sense, notice' [verb], čútim [1sg] \{1\}
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: i̯out-
    Lithuanian:
    jaũsti `feel, sense' [verb], jaũča [3ps], jaũtė [3pt]
    Latvian:
    jàust `feel, notice, heed, understand' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₁ot-iout-??
    Notes:
    \{1\} With initial *tj- resulting from reanalysis of *ot-jutiti as *o-tjutiti.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > otjutiti

  • 29 ǭtrò

    ǭtrò Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `inside, coe'
    Russian:
    nutró `inside, coe' [n o]
    Belorussian:
    nutró `inside, coe' [n o]
    Ukrainian:
    nutró `inside, coe' [n o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₁on-tr-ó-m
    Comments: The initial n- originates from vъn- `in' as a result of reanalysis.
    Other cognates:
    āntrá- (RV, AV+) `intestine' [n];
    Gk. ἔντερα `entrails' [Nompn]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ǭtrò

  • 30 po

    po; pa Grammatical information: pref. Proto-Slavic meaning: `after, by, at'
    Old Church Slavic:
    po `after, by, at' [prep/pref], pa [pref] \{1\}
    Russian:
    po `after, on, by, at, up to' [prep/pref], pa- [pref] \{2\}
    Czech:
    po `after, on, by, at, up to' [prep/pref], pa- [pref]
    Polish:
    po `after, on, by, at, up to' [prep/pref], pa- [pref]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    po `for, over, through, by, after' [prep/pref], pa- [pref]
    Slovene:
    pò `at, on, after, by' [prep/pref], pa- [pref]
    Bulgarian:
    po `on, over, in, at, to' [prep/pref]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: po(ʔ) \{3\}
    Lithuanian:
    pa- forms perfective aspect [pref], pó- [pref]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂po
    Other cognates:
    Skt. ápa- `away, from' [adv];
    Gk. ἀπό `from, away from' [prep/pref];
    Lat. ab [prep/pref] `from, away' [prep];
    Go. af `from, away from, since' [prep/pref]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The nominal prefix pa- is the equivalent of the verbal prefix po-. \{2\} The prefix po- also forms perfective aspect in Russian and most other Slavic languages. \{3\} The glottal stop was probably adopted from nouns with an initial laryngeal.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > po

  • 31 pa

    po; pa Grammatical information: pref. Proto-Slavic meaning: `after, by, at'
    Old Church Slavic:
    po `after, by, at' [prep/pref], pa [pref] \{1\}
    Russian:
    po `after, on, by, at, up to' [prep/pref], pa- [pref] \{2\}
    Czech:
    po `after, on, by, at, up to' [prep/pref], pa- [pref]
    Polish:
    po `after, on, by, at, up to' [prep/pref], pa- [pref]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    po `for, over, through, by, after' [prep/pref], pa- [pref]
    Slovene:
    pò `at, on, after, by' [prep/pref], pa- [pref]
    Bulgarian:
    po `on, over, in, at, to' [prep/pref]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: po(ʔ) \{3\}
    Lithuanian:
    pa- forms perfective aspect [pref], pó- [pref]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂po
    Other cognates:
    Skt. ápa- `away, from' [adv];
    Gk. ἀπό `from, away from' [prep/pref];
    Lat. ab [prep/pref] `from, away' [prep];
    Go. af `from, away from, since' [prep/pref]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The nominal prefix pa- is the equivalent of the verbal prefix po-. \{2\} The prefix po- also forms perfective aspect in Russian and most other Slavic languages. \{3\} The glottal stop was probably adopted from nouns with an initial laryngeal.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > pa

  • 32 pro

    pro; pra Grammatical information: prep. / pref. Proto-Slavic meaning: `through'
    Old Church Slavic:
    pro- `through' [pref];
    pra- `through' [pref]
    Russian:
    pro `about' [prep/pref];
    pro- `through, past' [pref];
    pra- `through, past' [pref] \{1\}
    Czech:
    pro- `through, past' [pref]
    Bulgarian:
    pro- `through' [pref]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: pro(ʔ) \{2\}
    Lithuanian:
    pra- by, through [pref];
    pró- `pre-, fore-, between' [pref];
    prõ `through, along, past' [prep]
    Indo-European reconstruction: pro
    Certainty: +
    Other cognates:
    Skt. pro- `before, forward' [adv];
    Gk. πρό `before, forwards, forth' [adv]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The variant pra- occurs in nominal compounds. \{2\} The glottal stop was probably adopted from nouns with an initial laryngeal.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > pro

  • 33 pra

    pro; pra Grammatical information: prep. / pref. Proto-Slavic meaning: `through'
    Old Church Slavic:
    pro- `through' [pref];
    pra- `through' [pref]
    Russian:
    pro `about' [prep/pref];
    pro- `through, past' [pref];
    pra- `through, past' [pref] \{1\}
    Czech:
    pro- `through, past' [pref]
    Bulgarian:
    pro- `through' [pref]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: pro(ʔ) \{2\}
    Lithuanian:
    pra- by, through [pref];
    pró- `pre-, fore-, between' [pref];
    prõ `through, along, past' [prep]
    Indo-European reconstruction: pro
    Certainty: +
    Other cognates:
    Skt. pro- `before, forward' [adv];
    Gk. πρό `before, forwards, forth' [adv]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The variant pra- occurs in nominal compounds. \{2\} The glottal stop was probably adopted from nouns with an initial laryngeal.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > pra

  • 34 sěrъ

    śěrъ Grammatical information: adj. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `grey'
    Church Slavic:
    sěrъ (RuCS) `grey' [adj o]
    Russian:
    séryj `grey' [adj o];
    ser `grey' [adj o], será [Nomsf], séro [Nomsn]
    Ukrainian:
    síryj `grey' [adj o]
    Czech:
    šerý `grey' [adj o]
    Old Czech:
    šěrý `grey' [adj o]
    Slovak:
    šerý `grey' [adj o]
    Polish:
    szary `grey' [adj o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    šěry `grey' [adj o]
    Slovene:
    sę́r `grey' [adj o], sę́ra [Nomsf]
    Indo-European reconstruction: ḱh₂e/oiro-
    Comments: The initial fricative results from the palatalization of *x- before *ě < * oi/ai. According to Kortlandt (1994: 112), *ḱh₂ was depalatalized to *kH in Balto-Slavic, which sequence ultimately yielded k in Lithuanian and *x in Proto-Slavic. Heidermanns (1993: 269), seems to ignore the problem.
    Other cognates:
    OIc. hárr `grey-haired, old' [adj];
    OE hār `grey, grey-haired' [adj]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > sěrъ

  • 35 vę̄zàti

    vę̄zàti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `tie'
    Old Church Slavic:
    vęzati `tie, join' [verb], vęžǫ [1sg], vęzajǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    vjazát' `tie, bind, knit' [verb], vjažú [1sg], vjážet [3sg]
    Czech:
    vázati `tie, bind' [verb]
    Slovak:
    viazat' `tie, bind' [verb]
    Polish:
    wiązać `tie, bind' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    vézati `tie, connect, bind' [verb], véžēm [1sg];
    Čak. vēzȁti `tie, connect, bind' [verb], vẽžeš [2sg];
    Čak. vēzȁt (Hvar) `tie, connect, bind' [verb], véžen [1sg];
    Čak. viezȁt (Orbanići) `tie, connect, bind' [verb], viẽžen [1sg]
    Slovene:
    vę́zati `tie, bind' [verb], vę́žem [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    véza `stitch' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂nǵʰ-
    Comments: The origin of the initial *v remains unclear.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. ἄγχω `squeeze, strangle' [verb];
    Hitt. hamank `tie, betroth' [verb];
    Lat. angere `strangle, choke' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > vę̄zàti

  • 36 vȏrgъ

    vȏrgъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `foe'
    Old Church Slavic:
    vragъ `foe' [m o]
    Russian:
    vórog (folk poet.) `foe, fiend' [m o]
    Czech:
    vrah `foe' [m o]
    Slovak:
    vrah `murderer' [m o]
    Polish:
    wróg `foe' [m o], wroga [Gens]
    Upper Sorbian:
    wróh `murderer' [m o], wroha [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    vrȃg `devil' [m o], vrȃga [Gens];
    Čak. vrȃg (Vrgda) `devil' [m o], vrȃga [Gens];
    Čak. vrȃh (Orbanići) `devil' [m o], vrȃga [Gens]
    Slovene:
    vrȃg `devil' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    vrag `enemy' [m o]
    Lithuanian:
    var̃gas `hardship, misery' [m o] 2/4
    Latvian:
    vā̀rgs2 (dial.) `misery' [m o];
    vãrgs `pining, miserable' [adj o]
    Old Prussian:
    wargan `misery, suffering, danger' [Accs];
    wargs `evil' [adj]
    Indo-European reconstruction: (h₁)uorg-o- \{1\}
    Comments: The reconstruction of an initial laryngeal hinges on Gk. εἴργω `shut in, shut out' [verb], which may or may not be cognate.
    Other cognates:
    Go. wrikan `persecute' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > vȏrgъ

  • 37 vỳgъn̨ь

    vỳgъn̨ь; vỳgъn̨a Grammatical information: m jo; f jā Proto-Slavic meaning: `forge'
    Czech:
    výheň `forge, hearth, blazing heat' [f i/jā]
    Slovak:
    vyhňa `forge, hearth' [f jā]
    Upper Sorbian:
    wuheń `chimney, stove-pipe' [m jo]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    vȉganj `forge' [m jo]
    Slovene:
    vígǝnj `forge, hearth, sledge-hammer' [m jo]
    Comments: The root * vyg- reflects * unʔg < * h₁ngʷ-. Here Winter's law was not blocked by a cluster * ngn, nor was the root affected by lowering (-> ògn'ь, *ǫ̀glь). There is no reason to assume that the initial *v is the preposotion `in', cf. *vỳdra.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > vỳgъn̨ь

  • 38 vỳgъn̨a

    vỳgъn̨ь; vỳgъn̨a Grammatical information: m jo; f jā Proto-Slavic meaning: `forge'
    Czech:
    výheň `forge, hearth, blazing heat' [f i/jā]
    Slovak:
    vyhňa `forge, hearth' [f jā]
    Upper Sorbian:
    wuheń `chimney, stove-pipe' [m jo]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    vȉganj `forge' [m jo]
    Slovene:
    vígǝnj `forge, hearth, sledge-hammer' [m jo]
    Comments: The root * vyg- reflects * unʔg < * h₁ngʷ-. Here Winter's law was not blocked by a cluster * ngn, nor was the root affected by lowering (-> ògn'ь, *ǫ̀glь). There is no reason to assume that the initial *v is the preposotion `in', cf. *vỳdra.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > vỳgъn̨a

  • 39 vъtorъjь

    vъtorъjь Grammatical information: num. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `second, secondary
    Old Church Slavic:
    vъtorъ `second, secondary' [num o] \{1\}
    Russian:
    vtorój `second, secondary' [num o] \{2\}
    Ukrainian:
    vtóryj `second, secondary' [num o]
    Polish:
    wtóry (arch.) `second, secondary' [num o]
    Slovene:
    vtóri `second' [num o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: (h1)ui-tor-o-
    Comments: The PIE form may have had initial *h₁- < *d- as a result of dissimilation before a following dental. It is not very likely that the PIE form was *n-toro-, with an unparallelled zero grade of the root reflected in Lith. añtras `second', etc.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. vitarám (RV) `again, further' [adv];
    YAv. vītarǝm `further' [adv]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The variant vьtor- only occurs in the Codex Suprasliensis, where we have vьtorěěmь Lsg.m. against 12 occurrences of vъtor-. In the Codex Assemanianus, there are two occurrences of vьtoricejǫ `for the second time'. \{2\} AP (a) - vъtórъjь - in Old Russian (Zaliznjak 1985: 133).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > vъtorъjь

  • 40 xoditi

    xoditi Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `go, walk'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 48-49
    Old Church Slavic:
    xoditi `go, walk' [verb], xoždǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    xodít' `go, walk' [verb], xožú [1sg], xódit [3sg]
    Czech:
    choditi `go, walk' [verb]
    Slovak:
    chodit' `go, walk' [verb]
    Polish:
    chodzić `go, walk' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    hòditi `go, walk' [verb], hȍdīm [1sg];
    Čak. hodȉti (Vrgada) `go, walk' [verb];
    Čak. hodȉt (Orbanići) `go, walk' [verb], hȍdin [1sg]
    Slovene:
    hóditi `go, walk' [verb], hǫ́dim [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    xódja `go, walk' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: sod-
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 884
    Comments: The initial x is thought to have originated after prefixes triggering the "ruki-rule" (e.g. pri-, u-). In order to explain the absence of the effects of Winter's law, Kortlandt assumes that xoditi replaces a reduplicated present *sizd-, where the law would not apply (Kortlandt 1988: 394).
    Other cognates:
    Gk. ὁδεύω `wander' [verb];
    Av. āsnaoiti `approaches' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > xoditi

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