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41 жизнь
ж.1) ( форма существования материи) lifeесть ли жизнь на э́той плане́те? — is there life on that planet?
фо́рма жизни — life form
2) (существование живого организма, в т.ч. человека) life, existence; (жизненный срок тж.) lifetimeборьба́ за жизнь — struggle for life
никогда́ в жизни — never in one's life
при жизни — during / in one's lifetime
на ра́ннем [по́зднем] эта́пе жизни — early [late] in life
вступа́ть в жизнь — start out in life
3) ( особенности и условия жизнедеятельности человека) life, livingо́браз жизни — way / mode of life / living
уме́ренный о́браз жизни — plain living
супру́жеская жизнь — married life
се́льская жизнь — country / rural life
вести жизнь (какую-л или кого-л) — live / lead the life (of)
сто́имость жизни — cost of living
зараба́тывать на жизнь — earn / make one's living
чем он зараба́тывает на жизнь? — what does he do for a living?
сре́дства к жизни — means of subsistence; livelihood
ра́зве э́то жизнь? — what kind of life is it?
мне от них жизни нет — they are making my life miserable; they are killing me
4) (действительность, нравы и обычаи) life; reality, practiceтакова́ жизнь — this is life; life is life
она́ не ви́дела жизни — she hasn't seen much of life
5) (активность, энергичность) life, energy; pep разг.по́лный жизни — full of life / pep
бо́льше жизни! — cheer up!; put a bit more pep into it!
в до́ме никаки́х при́знаков жизни — there are no signs of life in the house
6) обыкн. мн. ( люди) lives, peopleпоги́бли со́тни жизней — hundreds of lives were lost
••жизнь бьёт ключо́м — life is in full swing
в нём жизнь бьёт ключо́м — he is brimming over with life
жизнь прожи́ть - не по́ле перейти́ посл. — ≈ life is not a bed of roses [a bowl of cherries; all peaches and cream]
би́ться / сража́ться не на жизнь, а на́ смерть — fight to the death [to the bitter end]
борьба́ не на жизнь, а на́ смерть — a life-and-death struggle
в бу́дущей жизни (после смерти) — in the life to come
вдохну́ть жизнь (в вн.) — breathe life (into)
верну́ть к жизни — bring back [restore] to life
верну́ться к жизни — come to life
войти́ в жизнь — become part of everyday life
воплоща́ть / претворя́ть / проводи́ть в жизнь (вн.) — implement (d); make (d) a reality высок.; (о программах, преобразованиях тж.) carry out (d)
вопро́с жизни и сме́рти — a matter of life and death
вы́звать к жизни (вн.) — give rise (to)
дать жизни кому́-л разг. — give smb hell [what for]; let smb have it with both barrels
игра́ть свое́й жизнью — gamble with one's life
как жизнь? — how's life?, how are things?, how are you doing?
класть / положи́ть / отда́ть жизнь — 1) (за вн.; умереть за что-л) give up [lay down] one's life (for) 2) (на вн.; посвятить себя чему-л) devote one's whole life (to)
лиши́ть себя́ жизни, поко́нчить с жизнью — take one's own life, commit suicide
между жизнью и сме́ртью — between life and death
ни в жизнь разг., ни за что в жизни — never, not for anything (in the world); not on your life
отравля́ть жизнь кому́-л — poison smb's existence; make smb's life miserable / unbearable
отста́ть от жизни — fall behind the times
по жизни прост. (в обычной жизни) — generally, ordinarily
поговори́ть за жизнь диал., прост. или шутл. — have a heart-to-heart talk
соба́чья жизнь — a dog's life
уйти́ из жизни — die; be gone; leave this world
устро́ить весёлую жизнь кому́-л — make smb's life miserable; give smb hell
я ему́ устро́ю весёлую жизнь — I'll cook his goose for him
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42 Г-252
ПОЛОЖИТЬ (СЛОЖИТЬ) (СВОЙ) ГОЛОВУ ((СВОЙ) ГОЛОВЫ) (за кого-что) lit VP subj: human usu. pfv) to perish, lose or sacrifice one's life (for s.o. or sth.): X сложил голову (за Y-a) - X laid down his life (for Y) X gave (up) his life (for Y).Один (из ее сыновей) умер блестяще, окружённый признанием врагов... хотя и не за свое дело сложил голову (Герцен 1). One (of her sons) died gloriously, amid the esteem of his enemies...though it was not for his own cause he laid down his life (1a).Другие в его (Юрочки) возрасте н в Берлине побывали, и черт знает еще где («Кое-кто и голову там положил», -перебил его в этом месте Вадим Петрович, но он тут же ответил: «Положили, знаю, но было за что положить») (Некрасов 1). Other men of his (Yurochka's) age had been to Berlin and God knows where else ("Some of them gave their lives in Berlin," Vadim Petrovich interrupted him at this point, but Yurochka replied without hesitation: They gave their lives, I know, but they had something to give them for") (1a). -
43 класть свои головы
[VP; subj: human; usu. pfv]=====⇒ to perish, lose or sacrifice one's life (for s.o. or sth.):- X сложил голову (за Y-a) - X laid down his life (for Y);- X gave (up) his life (for Y).♦ Один [из ее сыновей] умер блестяще, окружённый признанием врагов... хотя и не за свое дело сложил голову (Герцен 1). One [of her sons] died gloriously, amid the esteem of his enemies...though it was not for his own cause he laid down his life (1a).♦ Другие в его [Юрочки] возрасте н в Берлине побывали, и черт знает еще где ("Кое-кто и голову там положил", - перебил его в этом месте Вадим Петрович, но он тут же ответил: "Положили, знаю, но было за что положить") (Некрасов 1). Other men of his [Yurochka's] age had been to Berlin and God knows where else ("Some of them gave their lives in Berlin," Vadim Petrovich interrupted him at this point, but Yurochka replied without hesitation: "They gave their lives, I know, but they had something to give them for") (1a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > класть свои головы
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44 класть свою голову
[VP; subj: human; usu. pfv]=====⇒ to perish, lose or sacrifice one's life (for s.o. or sth.):- X сложил голову (за Y-a) - X laid down his life (for Y);- X gave (up) his life (for Y).♦ Один [из ее сыновей] умер блестяще, окружённый признанием врагов... хотя и не за свое дело сложил голову (Герцен 1). One [of her sons] died gloriously, amid the esteem of his enemies...though it was not for his own cause he laid down his life (1a).♦ Другие в его [Юрочки] возрасте н в Берлине побывали, и черт знает еще где ("Кое-кто и голову там положил", - перебил его в этом месте Вадим Петрович, но он тут же ответил: "Положили, знаю, но было за что положить") (Некрасов 1). Other men of his [Yurochka's] age had been to Berlin and God knows where else ("Some of them gave their lives in Berlin," Vadim Petrovich interrupted him at this point, but Yurochka replied without hesitation: "They gave their lives, I know, but they had something to give them for") (1a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > класть свою голову
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45 положить голову
[VP; subj: human; usu. pfv]=====⇒ to perish, lose or sacrifice one's life (for s.o. or sth.):- X сложил голову (за Y-a) - X laid down his life (for Y);- X gave (up) his life (for Y).♦ Один [из ее сыновей] умер блестяще, окружённый признанием врагов... хотя и не за свое дело сложил голову (Герцен 1). One [of her sons] died gloriously, amid the esteem of his enemies...though it was not for his own cause he laid down his life (1a).♦ Другие в его [Юрочки] возрасте н в Берлине побывали, и черт знает еще где ("Кое-кто и голову там положил", - перебил его в этом месте Вадим Петрович, но он тут же ответил: "Положили, знаю, но было за что положить") (Некрасов 1). Other men of his [Yurochka's] age had been to Berlin and God knows where else ("Some of them gave their lives in Berlin," Vadim Petrovich interrupted him at this point, but Yurochka replied without hesitation: "They gave their lives, I know, but they had something to give them for") (1a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > положить голову
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46 положить головы
[VP; subj: human; usu. pfv]=====⇒ to perish, lose or sacrifice one's life (for s.o. or sth.):- X сложил голову (за Y-a) - X laid down his life (for Y);- X gave (up) his life (for Y).♦ Один [из ее сыновей] умер блестяще, окружённый признанием врагов... хотя и не за свое дело сложил голову (Герцен 1). One [of her sons] died gloriously, amid the esteem of his enemies...though it was not for his own cause he laid down his life (1a).♦ Другие в его [Юрочки] возрасте н в Берлине побывали, и черт знает еще где ("Кое-кто и голову там положил", - перебил его в этом месте Вадим Петрович, но он тут же ответил: "Положили, знаю, но было за что положить") (Некрасов 1). Other men of his [Yurochka's] age had been to Berlin and God knows where else ("Some of them gave their lives in Berlin," Vadim Petrovich interrupted him at this point, but Yurochka replied without hesitation: "They gave their lives, I know, but they had something to give them for") (1a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > положить головы
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47 положить свои головы
[VP; subj: human; usu. pfv]=====⇒ to perish, lose or sacrifice one's life (for s.o. or sth.):- X сложил голову (за Y-a) - X laid down his life (for Y);- X gave (up) his life (for Y).♦ Один [из ее сыновей] умер блестяще, окружённый признанием врагов... хотя и не за свое дело сложил голову (Герцен 1). One [of her sons] died gloriously, amid the esteem of his enemies...though it was not for his own cause he laid down his life (1a).♦ Другие в его [Юрочки] возрасте н в Берлине побывали, и черт знает еще где ("Кое-кто и голову там положил", - перебил его в этом месте Вадим Петрович, но он тут же ответил: "Положили, знаю, но было за что положить") (Некрасов 1). Other men of his [Yurochka's] age had been to Berlin and God knows where else ("Some of them gave their lives in Berlin," Vadim Petrovich interrupted him at this point, but Yurochka replied without hesitation: "They gave their lives, I know, but they had something to give them for") (1a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > положить свои головы
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48 положить свою голову
[VP; subj: human; usu. pfv]=====⇒ to perish, lose or sacrifice one's life (for s.o. or sth.):- X сложил голову (за Y-a) - X laid down his life (for Y);- X gave (up) his life (for Y).♦ Один [из ее сыновей] умер блестяще, окружённый признанием врагов... хотя и не за свое дело сложил голову (Герцен 1). One [of her sons] died gloriously, amid the esteem of his enemies...though it was not for his own cause he laid down his life (1a).♦ Другие в его [Юрочки] возрасте н в Берлине побывали, и черт знает еще где ("Кое-кто и голову там положил", - перебил его в этом месте Вадим Петрович, но он тут же ответил: "Положили, знаю, но было за что положить") (Некрасов 1). Other men of his [Yurochka's] age had been to Berlin and God knows where else ("Some of them gave their lives in Berlin," Vadim Petrovich interrupted him at this point, but Yurochka replied without hesitation: "They gave their lives, I know, but they had something to give them for") (1a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > положить свою голову
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49 сложить голову
[VP; subj: human; usu. pfv]=====⇒ to perish, lose or sacrifice one's life (for s.o. or sth.):- X сложил голову (за Y-a) - X laid down his life (for Y);- X gave (up) his life (for Y).♦ Один [из ее сыновей] умер блестяще, окружённый признанием врагов... хотя и не за свое дело сложил голову (Герцен 1). One [of her sons] died gloriously, amid the esteem of his enemies...though it was not for his own cause he laid down his life (1a).♦ Другие в его [Юрочки] возрасте н в Берлине побывали, и черт знает еще где ("Кое-кто и голову там положил", - перебил его в этом месте Вадим Петрович, но он тут же ответил: "Положили, знаю, но было за что положить") (Некрасов 1). Other men of his [Yurochka's] age had been to Berlin and God knows where else ("Some of them gave their lives in Berlin," Vadim Petrovich interrupted him at this point, but Yurochka replied without hesitation: "They gave their lives, I know, but they had something to give them for") (1a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > сложить голову
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50 сложить головы
[VP; subj: human; usu. pfv]=====⇒ to perish, lose or sacrifice one's life (for s.o. or sth.):- X сложил голову (за Y-a) - X laid down his life (for Y);- X gave (up) his life (for Y).♦ Один [из ее сыновей] умер блестяще, окружённый признанием врагов... хотя и не за свое дело сложил голову (Герцен 1). One [of her sons] died gloriously, amid the esteem of his enemies...though it was not for his own cause he laid down his life (1a).♦ Другие в его [Юрочки] возрасте н в Берлине побывали, и черт знает еще где ("Кое-кто и голову там положил", - перебил его в этом месте Вадим Петрович, но он тут же ответил: "Положили, знаю, но было за что положить") (Некрасов 1). Other men of his [Yurochka's] age had been to Berlin and God knows where else ("Some of them gave their lives in Berlin," Vadim Petrovich interrupted him at this point, but Yurochka replied without hesitation: "They gave their lives, I know, but they had something to give them for") (1a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > сложить головы
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51 сложить свои головы
[VP; subj: human; usu. pfv]=====⇒ to perish, lose or sacrifice one's life (for s.o. or sth.):- X сложил голову (за Y-a) - X laid down his life (for Y);- X gave (up) his life (for Y).♦ Один [из ее сыновей] умер блестяще, окружённый признанием врагов... хотя и не за свое дело сложил голову (Герцен 1). One [of her sons] died gloriously, amid the esteem of his enemies...though it was not for his own cause he laid down his life (1a).♦ Другие в его [Юрочки] возрасте н в Берлине побывали, и черт знает еще где ("Кое-кто и голову там положил", - перебил его в этом месте Вадим Петрович, но он тут же ответил: "Положили, знаю, но было за что положить") (Некрасов 1). Other men of his [Yurochka's] age had been to Berlin and God knows where else ("Some of them gave their lives in Berlin," Vadim Petrovich interrupted him at this point, but Yurochka replied without hesitation: "They gave their lives, I know, but they had something to give them for") (1a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > сложить свои головы
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52 сложить свою голову
[VP; subj: human; usu. pfv]=====⇒ to perish, lose or sacrifice one's life (for s.o. or sth.):- X сложил голову (за Y-a) - X laid down his life (for Y);- X gave (up) his life (for Y).♦ Один [из ее сыновей] умер блестяще, окружённый признанием врагов... хотя и не за свое дело сложил голову (Герцен 1). One [of her sons] died gloriously, amid the esteem of his enemies...though it was not for his own cause he laid down his life (1a).♦ Другие в его [Юрочки] возрасте н в Берлине побывали, и черт знает еще где ("Кое-кто и голову там положил", - перебил его в этом месте Вадим Петрович, но он тут же ответил: "Положили, знаю, но было за что положить") (Некрасов 1). Other men of his [Yurochka's] age had been to Berlin and God knows where else ("Some of them gave their lives in Berlin," Vadim Petrovich interrupted him at this point, but Yurochka replied without hesitation: "They gave their lives, I know, but they had something to give them for") (1a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > сложить свою голову
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53 К-330
ЛЕЧЬ КОСТЬМИ VP subj: human1. - (за кого-что) elev. Also: ПОЛЕЧЬ КОСТЬМИ obs to perish, fall in battle ( usu. in a fight for a just cause)X ляжет костьми (за Y-a) = X will lay down his life (for Y)X will give (up) his life (for Y)....Он (рыцарь) всегда готов был лечь костьми за то, что считал правым... (Герцен 2)...Не (the knight) was always ready to lay down his life for what he thought right... (2a).2. ( usu. fut foil. by Conj «a» or «но» and another pfv verb) to exert every effort in order to accomplish sth. (when used in the 1st pers, expresses the speaker's firm resolve to accomplish sth.): X костьми ляжет - X will do his damnedest (darnedest)X will go all out X will do it even if it kills him X will knock himself out....Костьми» is the old instrumental plural form of «кость» (the contemporary form is «костями»). -
54 лечь костьми
[VP; subj: human]=====1. лечь костьми (за кого-что) elev. Also: ПОЛЕЧЬ КОСТЬМИ obs to perish, fall in battle (usu. in a fight for a just cause):- X will give (up) his life (for Y).♦...Он [ рыцарь] всегда готов был лечь костьми за то, что считал правым... (Герцен 2)... Не [the knight] was always ready to lay down his life for what he thought right... (2a).2. [usu. fut foll. by Conj " а" or "но" and another pfv verb]⇒ to exert every effort in order to accomplish sth. (when used in the 1st pers, expresses the speaker's firm resolve to accomplish sth.):- X will knock himself out.—————Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > лечь костьми
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55 полечь костьми
[VP; subj: human]=====1. полечь костьми (за кого-что) elev. Also: ПОЛЕЧЬ КОСТЬМИ obs to perish, fall in battle (usu. in a fight for a just cause):- X will give (up) his life (for Y).♦...Он [ рыцарь] всегда готов был лечь костьми за то, что считал правым... (Герцен 2)... Не [the knight] was always ready to lay down his life for what he thought right... (2a).2. [usu. fut foll. by Conj " а" or "но" and another pfv verb]⇒ to exert every effort in order to accomplish sth. (when used in the 1st pers, expresses the speaker's firm resolve to accomplish sth.):- X will knock himself out.—————Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > полечь костьми
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56 kr|ew
f sgt 1. (płyn) blood- grupa/krążenie/zakażenie krwi blood type/circulation/poisoning- badanie krwi a blood test- krew żylna/tętnicza venous/arterial blood- białe/czerwone ciałka krwi pot. white/red blood cells- ciśnienie krwi blood pressure- zmierzyć komuś ciśnienie krwi to take a. measure sb’s blood pressure- pobrać krew to take a blood sample- mieć pobieraną krew to have a blood sample taken- oddać krew to give blood- zatamować krew to stop a. staunch the bleeding- umrzeć z upływu krwi to die from blood loss a. loss of blood- broczyć krwią książk. to bleed profusely- ociekać a. spływać krwią to be dripping a. streaming with blood- stłuc kolano do krwi to bang one’s knee and cut it- skaleczyć się do krwi to cut oneself- krew tryska/sączy się z rany blood is spurting/oozing from the wound- leci mi krew I’m bleeding- leci mi krew z nosa/ręki my nose/hand is bleeding- twarz nabiegła mu krwią the blood rushed to his face- krew odpłynęła a. uciekła jej z twarzy the colour left her face- rzeki/strumienie krwi przen. rivers/streams of blood przen.- dokonać czegoś bez rozlewu krwi to achieve sth without bloodshed- doszło do rozlewu a. przelewu krwi it came to bloodshed- przelać krew za ojczyznę to shed blood for one’s country przen.- walczyć do pierwszej krwi to fight to the first blood- znów polała się krew blood was spilled a. shed again- miał w sobie irlandzką krew he had Irish blood in him- w jego żyłach płynie kozacka krew he has Cossack blood flowing through a. in his veins- klacz czystej krwi arabskiej a pure-bred Arabian a. Arab mare- czystej krwi Rosjanin a full-blooded Russian- (o) krwi mieszanej [osoba] of mixed blood; [zwierzę] mixed breed- świeża krew fresh a. new blood- potrzeba nam w firmie świeżej krwi the company needs (some) new a. fresh blood- krew Chrystusowa the blood of Christ- węzły a. więzy krwi blood ties, ties of blood- postać z krwi i kości a full-blooded a. larger-than-life character- człowiek z krwi i kości a flesh and blood person- aktor/policjant z krwi i kości an actor/a policeman to the core a. through and through- krew z mlekiem peaches and cream- mieć gorącą krew to be hot-tempered- mieć coś we krwi to have sth in one’s blood- napsuć komuś krwi to get on sb’s nerves- narobić złej krwi to cause bad blood- pić czyjąś krew to sponge off sb- wejść komuś w krew to become second nature to sb- zachować zimną krew to remain cool a. cool, calm, and collected; to keep a cool head- zabić kogoś z zimną krwią to kill sb in cold blood, to cold-bloodedly kill sb- krew się we mnie burzy a. krew mnie zalewa, kiedy... it makes my blood boil a. it gets my blood up when...- krew w nim zawrzała it made his blood boil- krwi bym dla niego utoczył I’d lay down my life for him- ścinać komuś krew w żyłach to make sb’s blood run cold- mrożący krew w żyłach blood-curdling, blood-chilling- to mi idzie jak krew z nosa pot. it’s a real slog a. uphill struggle- krew nie woda przysł. (o temperamencie) sometimes our passions get the better of us; (o pokrewieństwie) blood is thicker than water przysł.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > kr|ew
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57 before
bi'fo:
1. preposition1) (earlier than: before the war; He'll come before very long.) antes (de)2) (in front of: She was before me in the queue.) delante (de), antes (de/que)3) (rather than: Honour before wealth.) antes que
2. adverb(earlier: I've seen you before.) antes
3. conjunction(earlier than the time when: Before I go, I must phone my parents.) antes (de que)before1 adv1. anterior2. anteshas this ever happened before? ¿es la primera vez que pasa esto?3. yabefore2 conj antes de que / antes debefore3 prep1. antes dethe day before yesterday anteayer / antes de ayer2. delante detr[bɪ'fɔːSMALLr/SMALL]1 (earlier) antes de3 (rather than) antes que4 (ahead) por delante5 (first) primero1 (earlier than) antes de + inf, antes de que + subj2 (rather than) antes de + inf■ he would starve before he asked them for money preferiría morir de hambre antes de pedirles dinero1 (earlier) antes2 (previous) anterior3 (already) ya4 (position) delante, por delante\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLas never before como nuncaBefore Christ antes de Cristobefore God ante Diosbefore long dentro de pocolong before mucho antes denot long before poco antes depride comes before a fall un exceso de orgullo conduce a la caídato put the cart before the horse empezar la casa por el tejadothe one before el anterior, la anteriorbefore [bɪ'for] adv1) : antesbefore and after: antes y después2) : anteriorthe month before: el mes anteriorbefore conj: antes quehe would die before surrendering: moriría antes que rendirsebefore prep1) : antes debefore eating: antes de comer2) : delante de, anteI stood before the house: estaba parada delante de la casabefore the judge: ante el juezadv.• antes adv.• delante adv.conj.• antes de que conj.prep.• ante prep.• antes de prep.• delante de prep.
I bɪ'fɔːr, bɪ'fɔː(r)1) ( preceding in time) antes de2)a) ( in front of) delante de, ante (frml)b) (in rank, priority)
II
a) ( earlier than) antes de que (+ subj), antes de (+ inf)b) ( rather than) antes queshe would die before... — prefería morir antes que...
III
the day/year before — el día/año anterior
have you been to Canada before? — ¿ya has estado en el Canadá?
[bɪ'fɔː(r)] When before is an element in a phrasal verb, eg come before, go before, look up the verb.not that page, the one before — esa página no, la anterior
1. PREP1) (in time, order, rank) antes debefore long — (in future) antes de poco; (in past) poco después
before going, would you... — antes de marcharte, quieres...
income before tax — renta f bruta or antes de impuestos
profits before tax — beneficios mpl preimpositivos
2) (in place) delante de; (=in the presence of) ante, delante de, en presencia de3) (=facing)the question before us — (in meeting) el asunto que tenemos que discutir
the problem before us is... — el problema que se nos plantea es...
4) (=rather than)death before dishonour! — ¡antes la muerte que el deshonor!
2. ADV1) (time) antesbefore, it used to be different — antes, todo era distinto
2) (place, order) delante, adelante3.CONJ (time) antes de que; (rather than) antes queBEFORE
Time
Adverb ► When bef ore is an {adverb}, you can usually translate it using antes:
Why didn't you say so before? ¿Por qué no lo has dicho antes?
I had spoken to her before Había hablado con ella antes ► But the bef ore in never before and ever before is often not translated:
I've never been to Spain before Nunca he estado en España
I had never been to a police station before Nunca había estado (antes) en una comisaría
It's not true that the working class is earning more money than ever before No es cierto que la clase obrera gane más dinero que nunca ► The day/night/ week {etc} before should usually be translated using el día/la noche/ la semana {etc} anterior:
The night before, he had gone to a rock concert La noche anterior había ido a un concierto de rock ► In more formal contexts, where bef ore could be substituted by previously, anteriormente is another option:
As I said before... Como he dicho antes or anteriormente... ► When bef ore is equivalent to already, translate using ya ( antes) or, in questions about whether someone has done what they are doing now before, using ¿es la primera vez que...?:
"How about watching this film?" - "Actually, I've seen it before" -¿Vemos esa película? -Es que ya la he visto
I had been to Glasgow a couple of times before Ya había estado (antes) en Glasgow un par de veces
Have you been to Spain before? ¿Has estado ya en España? or ¿Es la primera vez que vienes a España? ► Translate ((period of time)) + bef ore using hacía + ((period of time)):
They had married nearly 40 years before Se habían casado hacía casi 40 años NOTE: H acía i s invariable in this sense.
Preposition ► When bef ore is a {preposition}, you can usually translate it using antes de:
Please ring before seven Por favor, llama antes de las siete
Shall we go for a walk before dinner? ¿Nos vamos a dar un paseo antes de cenar? ► But use ant es que with names of people and personal pronouns when they stand in for a verb:
If you get there before me or before I do, wait for me in the bar Si llegas antes que yo, espérame en el bar ► Translate bef ore + ((-ing)) using antes de + ((infinitive)):
He said goodbye to the children before leaving Se despidió de los niños antes de irse
Conjunction ► When bef ore is a {conjunction}, you can usually translate it using antes de que + ((subjunctive)):
I'll ask Peter about it before he goes away on holiday Se lo preguntaré a Peter antes de que se vaya de vacaciones
We reached home before the storm broke Llegamos a casa antes de que empezara la tormenta ► If the subject of both clauses is the same, ant es de + ((infinitive)) is usually used rather than antes de que:
Give me a ring before you leave the office Llámame antes de salir de la oficina This construction is also sometimes used in colloquial Spanish when the subjects are different:
Before you arrived she was very depressed Antes de llegar tú, estaba muy deprimida For further uses and examples, see main entry* * *
I [bɪ'fɔːr, bɪ'fɔː(r)]1) ( preceding in time) antes de2)a) ( in front of) delante de, ante (frml)b) (in rank, priority)
II
a) ( earlier than) antes de que (+ subj), antes de (+ inf)b) ( rather than) antes queshe would die before... — prefería morir antes que...
III
the day/year before — el día/año anterior
have you been to Canada before? — ¿ya has estado en el Canadá?
not that page, the one before — esa página no, la anterior
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58 battle
battle ['bætəl]1 noun∎ he was killed in battle il a été tué au combat;∎ to do or to give or to join battle livrer bataille;∎ to do battle with sb livrer bataille à qn;∎ in battle order en bataille;∎ a battle between the two companies une lutte entre les deux entreprises;∎ a battle for control of the government un combat pour obtenir le contrôle du gouvernement;∎ the battle between or of the sexes la lutte des sexes;∎ a battle of wits une joute d'esprit(b) (struggle) lutte f;∎ the battle for freedom la lutte pour la liberté;∎ the battle against poverty la lutte contre la pauvreté;∎ life is one long battle at the moment de nos jours la vie est un long combat;∎ to do battle for lutter pour;∎ to do battle against or with lutter contre;∎ we're fighting the same battle nous nous battons pour la même cause;∎ don't fight his battles for him ne te bats pas à sa place;∎ it's half the battle la partie est presque gagnéeMilitary (dress, zone) de combatse battre, lutter;∎ she battled to save his life elle s'est battue pour lui sauver la vie;∎ he's battling against the system il se bat contre le système;∎ they battled between themselves ils se battirent entre eux►► History the Battle of the Boyne la bataille de la Boyne (bataille qui mit fin au rôle politique des Stuart en Irlande);History the Battle of Britain la bataille d'Angleterre;Battle of Britain Day = jour commémoratif de la bataille d'Angleterre;History the Battle of the Bulge la bataille des Ardennes;humorous the battle of the bulge la lutte contre les kilos;Military battle cry cri m de guerre;battle fatigue psychose f traumatique;History the Battle of Hastings la bataille de Hastings;History the Battle of the Nile la bataille d'Aboukir;Military battle zone zone f de bataille ou d'engagementⓘ THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN Lutte aérienne opposant, d'août à octobre 1940, la Luftwaffe à la RAF, l'objectif allemand étant de neutraliser l'espace aérien britannique en vue d'un débarquement. La résistance des forces aériennes britanniques contraignit Hitler à y renoncer. -
59 FYRIR
* * *prep.I. with dat.1) before, in front of (ok vóru fyrir honum borin merkin);fyrir dyrum, before the door;2) before one, in one’s presence;hón nefndist fyrir þeim Gunnhildr, she told them that her name was G.;3) for;hann lét ryðja fyrir þeim búðina, he had the booth cleared for them, for their reception;4) before one, in one’s way;fjörðr varð fyrir þeim, they came to a fjord;sitja fyrir e-m, to lie in wait for one;5) naut. term. before, off;liggja fyrir bryggjum, to lie off the piers;fyrir Humru-mynni, off the Humber;6) before, at the head of, over;vera fyrir liði, to be over the troops;vera fyrir máli, to lead the case;sitja fyrir svörum, to undertake the defence;7) of time, ago;fyrir þrem nóttum, three nights ago;fyrir stundu, a while ago;fyrir löngu, long ago;vera fyrir e-u, to forebode (of a dream);8) before, above, superior to;Hálfdan svarti var fyrir þeim brœðrum, H. was the foremost of the brothers;9) denoting disadvantige, harm, suffering;þú lætr Egil vefja öll mál fyrir þér, thou lettest E. thwart all thy affairs;tók at eyðast fyrir herm lausa-fé, her money began to fail;10) denoting obstacle, hindrance;mikit gøri þer mér fyrir þessu máli, you make this case hard for me;varð honum lítit fyrir því, it was a small matter for him;Ásgrími þótti þungt fyrir, A. thought that things looked bad;11) because of, for;hon undi sér hvergri fyrir verkjum, she had no rest for pains;fyrir hræðslu, for fear;illa fœrt fyrir ísum, scarcely, passable for ice;gáðu þeir eigi fyrir veiðum at fá heyjanna, because of fishing, they neglected to make hay;fyrir því at, because, since, as;12) against;gæt þín vel fyrir konungi ok hans mönnum, guard thee well against the king and his men;beiða griða Baldri fyrir alls konar háska, against all kinds of harm;13) fyrir sér, of oneself;mikill fyrir sér, strong, powerful;minnstr fyrir sér, smallest, weakest;14) denoting manner or quality, with;hvítr fyrir hærum, while with hoary hair;II. with acc.1) before, in front of;halda fyrir augu sér, to hold (one’s hands) before one’s eyes;2) before, into the presence of;stefna e-m fyrir dómstól, before a court;3) over;hlaupa fyrir björg, to leap over a precipice;kasta fyrir borð, to throw overboard;4) in one’s way, crossing one’s way;ríða á leið fyrir þá, to ride in their way, so as to meet them;5) round, off;sigla fyrir nes, to weather a point;6) along, all along;fyrir endilangan Noreg, all along Norway, from one end to the other;draga ör fyrir odd, to draw the arrow past the point;7) of time, fyrir dag, before day;fyrir e-s minni, before one’s memory;8) for, on behalf of;vil ek bjóða at fara fyrir þik, I will offer to go for thee, in thy stead;lögvörn fyrir mál, a lawful defence for a case;9) for, for the benefit of;þeir skáru fyrir þá melinn, they cut the lyme-grass for them (the horses);10) for, instead of, in place of, as;11) for, because of (vilja Gunnar dauðan fyrir höggit);fyrir þín orð, for thy words (intercession);fyrir sína vinsæld, by reason of his popularity;12) denoting value, price;fyrir þrjár merkr, for three marks;fyrir hvern mun, by all means, at any cost;13) in spite of, against (giptast fyrir ráð e-s);14) joined with adverbs ending in -an, governing acc. (fyrir austan, vestan, sunnan, norðan, útan innan, framan, handan, ofan, neðan);fyrir austan, sunnan fjall, east, south of the fell;fyrir neðan brú, below the bridge;fyrir handan á, beyond the river;fyrir innan garð, inside the fence;III. as adverb or ellipt.1) ahead, before, opp. to eptir;þá var eigi hins verra eptir ván, er slíkt fór fyrir, when this came first, preceded;2) first;mun ek þar eptir gera sem þér gerit fyrir, I shall do to you according as you do first;3) at hand, present, to the fore;föng þau, er fyrir vóru, stores that were at hand;þar var fyrir fjöldi boðsmanna, a host of guests was already present (before the bride and bridegroom came);4) e-m verðr e-t fyrir, one takes a certain step, acts so and so;Kolbeini varð ekki fyrir, K. was at a loss what to do;e-t mælist vel (illa) fyrir, a thing is well (ill) spoken or reported of (kvæðit mæltist vel fyrir).* * *prep., in the Editions spelt differently; in MSS. this word is usually abbreviated either (i. e. firir), or Ꝼ̆, fur͛, fvr͛ (i. e. fyrir); in some MSS. it is idiomatically spelt with i, fir͛, e. g. Arna-Magn. 382 (Bs. i. 263 sqq.); and even in the old Miracle-book Arna-Magn. 645 (Bs. i. 333 sqq.), just as ifir is written for yfir ( over); in a few MSS. it is written as a monosyllable fyr, e. g. D. I. i. 475, Mork. passim; in Kb. (Sæm.-Edda) occurs fyr telia, Vsp. I; fyr norðan, 36; fyr dyrum, Gm. 22; fyr vestan ver, Hkv. 2. 8; in other places as a dissyll. fyrir, e. g. Hm. 56, Gm. 54, Skm. 34, Ls. 15, Am. 64, Hkv. 2. 2, 19 (quoted from Bugge’s edition, see his preface, p. xvi); fyr and fyrir stand to one another in the same relation as ept to eptir, und to undir, of ( super) to yfir: this monosyllabic form is obsolete, save in the compds, where ‘for-’ is more common than ‘fyrir-;’ in some cases both forms are used, e. g. for-dæming and fyrir-dæming; in others only one, but without any fixed rule: again, the forms fyri, fyre, or fire, which are often used in Edd., are just as wrong, as if one were to say epti, undi, yfi; yet this spelling is found now and then in MSS., as, fyre, Ó. H. (facsimile); fire, Grág. Sb. ii. 288 (also facsimile): the particles í and á are sometimes added, í fur, Fms. iv. 137; í fyrir, passim; á fur, Haustl. 1. [Ulf. faur and faura; A. S. fore and for; Engl. for and fore-; Germ. für and vor; Dan. for; Swed. för; Gr. προ-; Lat. pro, prae.]WITH DAT., chiefly without the notion of movement.A. LOCAL:I. before, in front of; fyrir dyrum, before the doors, at the doors, Nj. 14, Vsp. 53, Hm. 69, Edda 130; niðr f. smiðju-dyrum, Eg. 142:—ahead, úti fyrir búðinni, Nj. 181; kómusk sauðirnir upp á fjallit f. þeim, ahead of them, 27; vóru fyrir honum borin merkin, the banner was borne before him, 274; göra orð fyrir sér, to send word before one, Fms. vii. 207, Hkr. iii. 335 (Ó. H. 201, l. c., frá sér):—also denoting direction, niðri í eldinum f. sér, beneath in the fire before them, Nj. 204; þeir sá f. sér bæ mikinn, they saw before them a great building, i. e. they came to a great house, Eg. 546; öðrum f. sér ( in front) en öðrum á bak sér, Grág. i. 5.2. before one, before one’s face, in one’s presence; úhelgaða ek Otkel f. búum, before the neighbours, Nj. 87; lýsi ek f. búum fimm, 218; lýsa e-u ( to proclaim) f. e-m, Ld. 8; hann hermdi boð öll f. Gizuri, Nj. 78; hón nefndisk f. þeim Gunnhildr, told them that her name was G., Fms. i. 8; kæra e-t f. e-m, Ó. H. 60; slíkar fortölur hafði hann f. þeim, Nj. 200; the saying, því læra börnin málið að það er f. þeim haft, bairns learn to speak because it is done before them, i. e. because they hear it; hafa gott (íllt) f. e-m, to give a good (bad) example, e. g. in the presence of children; lifa vel f. Guði, to live well before God, 623. 29; stór ábyrgðar-hluti f. Guði, Nj. 199; sem þeir sjá réttast f. Guði, Grág. i. (pref.); fyrir öllum þeim, Hom. 89; á laun f. öðrum mönnum, hidden from other men, unknown to them, Grág. i. 337, Jb. 378; nú skaltú vera vin minn mikill f. húsfreyju minni, i. e. when you talk to my wife, Nj. 265; fyrir Drottni, before the Lord, Merl. 2. 78.3. denoting reception of guests, visitors; hann lét ryðja f. þeim búðina, he had the room cleared for them, for their reception, Nj. 228; Valhöll ryðja fyr vegnu fólki, i. e. to clear Valhalla for slain folk, Em. I; ryðja vígvöll f. vegundum, Nj. 212; ljúka upp f. e-m, to open the door for one, Fms. xi. 323, Stj. 5; rýma pallinn f. þeim, Eg. 304; hann lét göra eld f. þeim, he had a fire made for them, 204; þeir görðu eld. f. sér, Fms. xi. 63; … veizlur þar sem fyrir honum var búit, banquets that were ready for him, Eg. 45.II. before one, in one’s way; þar er díki varð f. þeim, Eg. 530; á (fjörðr) varð f. þeim, a river, fjord, was before them, i. e. they came to it, 133, 161; at verða eigi f. liði yðru, 51; maðr sá varð f. Vindum, that man was overtaken by the V., Hkr. iii. 363; þeirra manna er f. honum urðu, Eg. 92.2. sitja f. e-m, to lie in wait for one, Ld. 218, Nj. 107; lá f. henni í skóginum, Edda (pref.); sitja f. rekum, to sit watching for wrecks, Eg. 136 (fyrir-sát).3. ellipt., menn urðu at gæta sín er f. urðu, Nj. 100; Egill var þar f. í runninum, E. was before (them), lay in ambush, Eg. 378; hafði sá bana er f. varð, who was before (the arrow), i. e. he was hit, Nj. 8.4. verða f. e-u, to be hit, taken, suffer from a thing; ef hann verðr f. drepi, if he be struck, Grág. ii. 19; verða f. áverka, to be wounded, suffer injury, Ld. 140; verða f. reiði konungs, to fall into disgrace with the king, Eg. 226; verða f. ósköpum, to become the victim of a spell, spell-bound, Fas. i. 130; sitja f. hvers manns ámæli, to be the object of all men’s blame, Nj. 71; vera eigi f. sönnu hafðr, to be unjustly charged with a thing, to be innocent.III. a naut. term, before, off; liggja f. bryggjum, to lie off the pier, Ld. 166; skip fljóta f. strengjum, Sks. 116; þeir lágu f. bænum, they lay off the town, Bs. i. 18; liggja úti f. Jótlands-síðu, off Jutland, Eg. 261; hann druknaði f. Jaðri, off the J., Fms. i. II; þeir kómu at honum f. Sjólandi, off Zealand, x. 394; hafa úti leiðangr f. landi, Hkr. i. 301; f. Humru-minni, off the Humber, Orkn. 338, cp. Km. 3, 8, 9, 13, 19, 21; fyrir Nesjum, off the Ness, Vellekla; fyrir Tungum, Sighvat; fyrir Spáni, off Spain, Orkn. 356.IV. before, at the head of, denoting leadership; smalamaðr f. búi föður síns, Ver. 26 (of king David); vera f. liði, to be over the troops, Eg. 292, Nj. 7; vera f. máli, to lead the case, Band. 8; vera forstjóri f. búi, to be steward over the household, Eg. 52; ráða f. landi, ríki, etc., to rule, govern, Ó H. 33, Nj. 5; hverr f. eldinum réði, who was the ringleader of the fire, Eg. 239; ráða f. e-u, to rule, manage a thing, passim: the phrase, sitja f. svörum, to respond on one’s behalf, Ölk. 36, Band. 12; hafa svör f. e-m, to be the chief spokesman, Fms. x. 101, Dipl. v. 26.V. special usages; friða f. e-m, to make peace for one, Fms. vii. 16, Bs. i. 65; bæta f. e-m, to make things good for one, Hom. 109; túlka, vera túlkr, flytja (etc.) f. e-m, to plead for one, Fms. iii. 33, Nj. 128,—also spilla f. e-m, to disparage one, Eg. 255; haga, ætla f. e-u, to manage, arrange for one, Ld. 208, Sturl. i. 14, Boll. 356; rífka ráð f. e-m, to better one’s condition, Nj. 21; ráða heiman-fylgju ok tilgjöf f. frændkonu sinni, Js. 58; standa f. manni, to stand before, shield a man, stand between him and his enemy, Eg. 357, Grág. ii. 13; vera skjöldr f. e-m, 655 xxxii. 4; hafa kostnað f. e-u, to have the expences for a thing, Ld. 14; vinna f. e-m, to support one by one’s work, Sks. 251; starfa f. fé sínu, to manage one’s money, Ld. 166; hyggja f. e-u, to take heed for a thing, Nj. 109; hyggja f. sér, Fs. 5; hafa forsjá f. e-m, to provide for one, Ld. 186; sjá f. e-u, to see after, Eg. 118, Landn, 152; sjá þú nokkut ráð f. mér, Nj. 20: ironic. to put at rest, Háv. 40: ellipt., sjá vel f., to provide well for, Nj. 102.B. TEMP. ago; fyrir þrem nóttum, three nights ago; fyrir stundu, a while ago, Nj. 80; fyrir litlu, a little while ago, Fms. i. 76, Ld. 134; fyrir skömmu, a sbort while ago; fyrir löngu, a long while ago, Nj. 260, Fms. i. 50; fyrir öndverðu, from the beginning, Grág. i. 80, ii. 323, 394, Finnb. 342; fyrir þeim, before they were born, Fms. i. 57.2. the phrase, vera f. e-u, to forebode; vera f. stórfundum, Nj. 107, 277; þat hygg ek vera munu f. siða-skipti, Fms. xi. 12; þessi draumr mun vera f. kvámu nökkurs manns, vii. 163; dreyma draum f. e-u, 8; fyrir tiðendum, ii. 65:—spá f. e-m, to ‘spae’ before, prophecy to one, Nj. 171.C. METAPH.:I. before, above; þóttu þeir þar f. öllum ungum mönnum, Dropl. 7; þykkisk hann mjök f. öðrum mönnum, Ld. 38; ver f. hirðmönnum, be first among my herdsmen, Eg. 65; Hálfdan svarti var f. þeim bræðrum, H. was the foremost of the brothers, Fms. i. 4; þorgrímr var f. sonum Önundar, Grett. 87; var Haraldr mest f. þeim at virðingu, Fms. i. 47.II. denoting help, assistance; haun skal rétta vættið f. þeim, Grág. i. 45 (vide above A. IV and V).2. the following seem to be Latinisms, láta lífit f. heilagri Kristni, to give up one’s life for holy Christianity, = Lat. pro, Fms. vii. 172; ganga undir píslir fyrir Guðs nafni, Blas. 38; gjalda önd mína f. önd þinni, Johann. 17; gefa gjöf f. sál sinni ( pro animâ suâ), H. E. i. 466; fyrir mér ok minni sál, Dipl. iv. 8; færa Guði fórnir f. e-m, 656 A; heita f. e-m, biðja f. e-m, to make a vow, pray for one (orare pro), Fms. iii. 48, Bs. i. 70; biðja f. mönnum, to intercede for, 19, Fms. xi. 287: even with a double construction, biðja f. stað sinn (acc., which is vernacular) ok heilagri kirkju (dat., which is a Latinism), x. 127.III. denoting disadvantage, harm, suffering; þú lætr Egil vefja öll mál fyrir þér, thou lettest Egil thwart all thy affairs, Eg. 249; únýtir hann þá málit fyrir sér, then he ruins his own case, Grág. i. 36, Dropl. 14, 16; Manverjar rufu safnaðinn f. Þorkatli, the Manxmen broke up the assembly, i. e. forsook Thorkel, Fms. ix. 422; kom upp grátr f. henni, she burst into tears, 477; taka fé f. öðrum, to take another’s money, N. G. L. i. 20; knörr þann er konungr lét taka fyrir Þórólfi, Landn. 56; ef hross verðr tekit f. honum, if a horse of his be taken, Grág. i. 436; hann tók upp fé fyrir öllum, he seized property for them all, Ó. H. 60; e-t ferr ílla f. e-m, a thing turns out ill for one; svá fór f. Ólófu, so it came to pass for O., Vígl. 18; loka dyrr f. e-m, to lock the door in one’s face, Edda 21: þeir hafa eigi þessa menn f. yðr drepit, heldr f. yðrar sakir þessi víg vegit, i. e. they have not harmed you, but rather done you a service in slaying those men, Fbr. 33; tók at eyðask f. henni lausa-fé, her money began to fail, Nj. 29; rak á f. þeim storma ok stríðviðri, they were overtaken by gales and bad weather, Vígl. 27; Víglundr rak út knöttinn f. Jökli, V. drove the ball for J., i. e. so that he had to run after it, 24; sá er skar tygil f. Þóri, he who cut Thor’s line, Bragi; sverð brast f. mér, my sword broke, Korm. 98 (in a verse); brjóta e-t f. e-m, to break a thing for one, Bs. i. 15 (in a verse); Valgarðr braut krossa fyrir Merði ok öll heilög tákn, Nj. 167; árin brotnaði f. honum, his oar broke; allar kýrnar drápust fyrir honum, all his cows died.2. denoting difficulty, hindrance; sitja f. sæmd e-s, to sit between oneself and one’s honour, i. e. to hinder one’s doing well, Sturl. 87; mikit göri þér mér f. þessu máli, you make this case sore for me, Eb. 124; þér er mikit f. máli, thy case stands ill, Fms. v. 325; ekki er Guði f. því, it is easy for God to do, 656 B. 9; varð honum lítið f. því, it was a small matter for him, he did it easily, Grett. III; mér er minna f. því, it is easier for me, Am. 60; þykkja mikit f. e-u, to be much grieved for a thing, do it unwillingly, Nj. 77; Icel. also say, þykja fyrir (ellipt.), to feel hurt, be displeased:—ellipt., er þeim lítið fyrir at villa járnburð þenna, it is a small matter for them to spoil this ordeal, Ó. H. 140; sem sér muni lítið f. at veiða Gunnar, Nj. 113; fast mun f. vera, it will be fast-fixed before (one), hard to move, Ld. 154; Ásgrími þótti þungt f., A. thought that things looked sad (heavy), Nj. 185; hann var lengi f., he was long about it, Fms. x. 205; hann var lengi f. ok kvað eigi nei við, he was cross and said not downright no, Þorf. Karl. 388.IV. in a causal sense, for, because of, Lat. per, pro; sofa ek né mákat fugls jarmi fyrir, I cannot sleep for the shrill cry of birds, Edda 16 (in a verse); hon undi sér hvergi f. verkjum, she had no rest for pains, Bjarn. 69; fyrir gráti, tárum, = Lat. prae lacrymis; fyrir harmi, for sorrow; f. hlátri, for laughter, as in Engl.; þeir æddust f. einni konu, they went mad for the sake of one woman, Sól. 11; ílla fært f. ísum, scarce passable for ice, Fms. xi. 360; hætt var at sitja útar f. Miðgarðs-ormi, Edda 35; hann var lítt gengr f. sárinu, he could hardly walk for the wound, Fbr. 178; fyrir hræðslu, for fear, Hbl. 26; heptisk vegrinn f. þeim meinvættum sem …, Fs. 4; gáðu þeir eigi f. veiðum at fá heyjanna, because of fishing they took no care to make hay, Landn. 30; fyrir riki konungs, for the king’s power, Eg. 67, 117; fyrir ofríki manna, Grág. i. 68; fyrir hví, for why? Eluc. 4; fyrir hví þeir væri þar, Eg. 375; fyrir því, at …, for that, because, Edda 35, Fms. i. 22, vii. 330, Ld. 104; en fyrir því nú at, now since, Skálda 171; nú fyrir því at, id., 169: the phrase, fyrir sökum, for the sake of, because of, passim; vide sök.V. by, by the force of; öxlin gékk ór liði fyrir högginu, the shoulder was disjointed by the force of the stroke, Háv. 52.2. denoting contest; falla f. e-m, to fall before one, i. e. fighting against one, Fms. i. 7, iv. 9, x. 196; verða halloki f. e-m, to be overcome in fighting one, Ld. 146; látask f. e-m, to perish by one, Eb. 34; hafa bana f. e-m, to be slain by one, Nj. 43; þeir kváðu fá fúnað hafa f. honum, 263; mæddisk hann f. þeim, he lost his breath in fighting them, Eg. 192; láta ríki f. e-m, to lose the kingdom before another, i. e. so that the latter gains it, 264; láta lausar eignir mínar f. þér, 505; láta hlut sinn f. e-m, Fs. 47; standask f. e-m, to stand one’s ground before one, Edda (pref.); hugðisk hann falla mundu f. sjóninni einni saman, that he would sink before his glance, 28, Hým. 12; halda hlut f. e-m, Ld. 54; halda frið ok frelsi f. várum óvinum, Fms. viii. 219; fara mun ek sem ek hefi áðr ætlað f. þínum draum ( thy dream notwithstanding), Ld. 216; þér farit hvárt er þér vilit f. mér, you go wherever you like for me, so far as I am concerted, Fær. 37; halda vöku f. sér, to keep oneself awake, Fms. i. 216.β. with verbs, flýja, hlaupa, renna, stökkva f. e-m, to fly, leap, run before one, i. e. to be pursued, Bs. i. 774, Grág. ii. 359; at hann rynni f. þrælum hans, Ld. 64; fyrir þessum úfriði stökk Þangbrandr til Noregs, 180; skyldi hann ganga ór á f. Hofsmönnum, Landn. 178; ganga f. e-u, to give way before, yield to a thing, Fms. i. 305, x. 292; vægja f. e-m, to yield to one, give way, Eg. 21, 187, Nj. 57, Ld. 234.VI. against; verja land f. e-m, Eg. 32; verja landit f. Dönum ok öðrum víkingum, Fms. i. 23; til landvarnar f. víkingum, Eg. 260; landvarnar-maðr f. Norðmönnum, Fms. vi. 295; gæta brúarinnar f. bergrisum, Edda 17; gæt þín vel f. konungi ok hans mönnum, guard thee well against the king and his men, Eg. 113; góð aðstoð f. tröllum ok dvergum, Bárð. 163; beiða Baldri griða f. allskonar háska, Edda 36; auðskæðr f. höggum, Eg. 770.VII. in the sense of being driven before; fyrir straumi, veðri, vindi, before the stream, wind, weather (forstreymis, forvindis), Grág. ii. 384, Fms. vii. 262; halda f. veðri, to stand before the wind, Róm. 211.2. rýrt mun verða f. honum smá-mennit, he will have an easy game with the small people, Nj. 94: ellipt., hafði sá bana er f. varð, 8; sprakk f., 16, 91.VIII. fyrir sér, of oneself, esp. of physical power; mikill f. sér, strong, powerful; lítill f. sér, weak, feeble, Nj. 20, Ísl. ii. 368, Eg. 192; þér munuð kalla mik lítinn mann f. mér, Edda 33; minnstr f. sér, smallest, weakest, Eg. 123; gildr maðr f. sér, Ísl. ii. 322, Fms. ii. 145; herðimaðr mikiil f. sér, a hardy man, Nj. 270; hvat ert þú f. þér, what kind of fellow art thou? Clem. 33; vera einn f. sér, to be a strange fellow, Grett. 79 new Ed.; Icel. also say, göra mikið (lítið) f. sér, to make oneself big ( little).β. sjóða e-t f. sér, to hesitate, saunter, Nj. 154; mæla f. munni, to talk between one’s teeth, to mutter, Orkn. 248, Nj. 249.IX. denoting manner or quality; hvítr f. hærum, white with hoary hairs, Fms. vi. 95, Fas. ii. 540; gráir fyrir járnum, grey with steel, of a host in armour, Mag. 5; hjölt hvít f. silfri, a hilt white with silver = richly silvered, Eb. 226.X. as adverb or ellipt.,1. ahead, in front, = á undan, Lat. prae, opp. to eptir; þá var eigi hins verra eptir ván, er slíkt fór fyrir, as this came first, preceded, Nj. 34; at einhverr mundi fara heim fyrir, that some one would go home first (to spy), Eg. 580; Egill fór f., E. went in before, id.; at vér ríðim þegar f. í nótt, 283.β. first; hann stefndi f. málinu, en hann mælti eptir, one pronounced the words first, but the other repeated after him, Nj. 35; mun ek þar eptir göra sem þér gerit f., I shall do to you according as you do first, 90:—temp., sjau nóttum f., seven nights before, Grág. ii. 217.2. to the fore, at hand, present; þar var fyrir fjöldi boðsmanna, a host of guests was already to the fore, i. e. before the bride and bridegroom came, Nj. 11; úvíst er at vita hvar úvinir sitja á fleti fyrir, Hm. 1; skal þá lögmaðr þar f. vera, he shall be there present, Js. 3; heima í túni fyrir, Fær. 50; þar vóru fyrir Hildiríðar-synir, Eg. 98; var honum allt kunnigt fyrir, he knew all about the localities, 583; þeim ómögum, sem f. eru, who are there already, i. e. in his charge, Grág. i. 286: of things, föng þau er f. vóru, stores that were to the fore, at hand, Eg. 134.3. fore, opp. to ‘back,’ of clothes; slæður settar f. allt gullknöppum, Eg. 516; bak ok fyrir, back and front, = bak ok brjóst, Mar.XI. in the phrase, e-m verðr e-t fyrir, a thing is before one, i. e. one takes that and that step, acts so and so in an emergency; nú verðr öðrum þeirra þat f., at hann kveðr, now if the other part alleges, that …, Grág. i. 362; Kolbeini varð ekki f., K. had no resource, i. e. lost his head, Sturl. iii. 285:—the phrase, e-t mælisk vel (ílla) fyrir, a thing is well ( ill) reported of; víg Gunnars spurðisk ok mæltisk ílla fyrir um allar sveitir, Nj. 117, Sturl. ii. 151; mun þat vel f. mælask, people will like it well, Nj. 29, Þórð. 55 new Ed.; ílla mun þat f. mælask at ganga á sættir við frændr sína, Ld. 238; ok er lokit var, mæltisk kvæðit vel f., the people praised the poem, Fms. vii. 113.XII. in special senses, either as prep. or adv. (vide A. V. above); segja leið f. skipi, to pilot a ship, Eg. 359; segja f. skipi, to say a prayer for a new ship or for any ship going to sea, Bs. i. 774, Fms. x. 480; mæla f. e-u, to dictate, Grág. ii. 266; mæla f. minni, to bring out a toast, vide minni; mæla f. sætt, i. 90; skipa, koma e-u f., to arrange, put right; ætla f. e-u, to make allowance for; trúa e-m f. e-u, to entrust one with; það fer mikið f. e-u (impers.), it is of great compass, bulky; hafa f. e-u, to have trouble with a thing; leita f. sér, to enquire; biðjask f., to say one’s prayers, vide biðja; mæla fyrir, segja f., etc., to order, Nj. 103, Js. 3: of a spell or solemn speaking, hann mælti svá f., at …, Landn. 34; spyrjask f., to enquire, Hkr. ii. 333; búask f., to prepare, make arrangement, Landn. 35, Sks. 551; skipask f., to draw up, Nj. 197; leggjask f., to lie down in despair, Bs. i. 194; spá fyrir, to ‘spae’ before, foretell; þeir menn er spá f. úorðna hluti, Fms. i. 96; segja f., to foretell, 76, Bb. 332; Njáll hefir ok sagt f. um æfi hans, Nj. 102; vita e-t f., to ‘wit’ beforehand, know the future, 98; sjá e-t f., to foresee, 162; ef þat er ætlat f., fore-ordained, id.WITH ACC., mostly with the notion of movement.A. LOCAL:I. before, in front of; fyrir dyrrin, Nj. 198; láta síga brýnn f. brár, Hkv. Hjörv. 19; halda f. augu sér, to hold (one’s hands) before one’s eyes, Nj. 132; leggja sverði fyrir brjóst e-m, to thrust a sword into his breast, 162, Fs. 39.2. before one, before a court; stefna e-m f. dómstól, Fms. xi. 444; ganga, koma f. e-n, to go, come before one, Fms. i. 15, Eg. 426, Nj. 6, 129, passim; fyrir augu e-s, before one’s eyes, Stj. 611.3. before, so as to shield; hann kom skildinum f. sik, he put the shield before him, Nj. 97, 115; halda skildi f. e-n, a duelling term, since the seconder had to hold one’s shield, Ísl. ii. 257.4. joined to adverbs such as fram, aptr, út, inn, ofan, niðr, austr, vestr, suðr, norðr, all denoting direction; fram f., forward; aptr f., backward, etc.; hann reiddi öxina fram f. sik, a stroke forward with the axe, Fms. vii. 91; hann hljóp eigi skemra aptr en fram fyrir sik, Nj. 29; þótti honum hann skjóta brandinum austr til fjallanna f. sik, 195; komask út f. dyrr, to go outside the door, Eg. 206:—draga ofan f. brekku, to drag over the hill, Ld. 220; hrinda f. mel ofan, to thrust one over the gravel bank, Eg. 748; hlaupa f. björg, to leap over a precipice, Eb. 62, Landn. 36; elta e-n f. björg, Grág. ii. 34; hlaupa (kasta) f. borð, to leap ( throw) overboard, Fms. i. 178, Hkr. iii. 391, Ld. 226; síga ( to be hauled) niðr f. borgar-vegg, 656 C. 13, Fms. ix. 3; hlaupa niðr f. stafn, Eg. 142; niðr f. skaflinn, Dropl. 25; fyrir brekku, Orkn. 450, Glúm. 395 (in a verse).II. in one’s way, crossing one’s way; þeir stefndu f. þá, Fms. ix. 475; ríða á leið f. þá, to ride in their way, so as to meet them, Boll. 348; hlaupa ofan f. þá, Nj. 153; vóru allt komin f. hann bréf, letters were come before him, in his way, Fms. vii. 207; þeir felldu brota f. hann, viz. they felled trees before him, so as to stop him, viii. 60, ix. 357; leggja bann f. skip, to lay an embargo on a ship, Ld. 166.III. round, off a point; fyrir nesit, Nj. 44; út f. Holm, out past the Holm, Fms. vii. 356: esp. as a naut. term, off a point on the shore, sigla f. England, Norðyrnbraland, Þrasnes, Spán, to sail by the coast of, stand off England, Northumberland, … Spain, Orkn. 338, 340, 342, 354; fyrir Yrjar, Fms. vii. (in a verse); fyrir Siggju, Aumar, Lista, Edda 91 (in a verse); er hann kom f. Elfina, when be came off the Gotha, Eg. 80; leggja land f. skut, to lay the land clear of the stern, i. e. to pass it, Edda l. c.; göra frið f. land sitt, to pacify the land from one end to another, Ld. 28; fyrir uppsprettu árinnar, to come to ( round) the sources of the river, Fms. iii. 183; fyrir garðs-enda, Grág. ii. 263; girða f. nes, to make a wall across the ness, block it up, cp. Lat. praesepire, praemunire, etc., Grág. ii. 263; so also binda f. op, poka, Lat. praeligare, praestringere; hlaða f. gat, holu, to stop a hole, opening; greri f. stúfinn, the stump (of the arm or leg) was healed, closed, Nj. 275; skjóta slagbrandi f. dyrr, to shoot a bolt before the door, to bar it, Dropl. 29; láta loku (lás) f. hurð, to lock a door, Gísl. 28; setja innsigli f. bréf, to set a seal to a letter, Dipl. i. 3: ellipt., setr hón þar lás fyrir, Ld. 42, Bs. i. 512.2. along, all along; f. endilanga Danmörk, f. endilangan Noreg, all along Denmark, Norway, from one end to the other, Fms. iv. 319, xi. 91, Grett. 97:—öx álnar f. munn, an axe with an ell-long edge, Ld. 276; draga ör f. ödd, to draw the arrow past the point, an archer’s term, Fms. ii. 321.IV. with verbs, fyrir ván komit, one is come past hope, all hope is gone, Sturl. i. 44, Hrafn. 13, Fms. ii. 131; taka f. munn e-m, to stop one’s mouth; taka f. háls, kverkar, e-m, to seize one by the throat, etc.; taka mál f. munn e-m, ‘verba alicujus praeripere,’ to take the word out of one’s mouth, xi. 12; taka f. hendr e-m, to seize one’s hands, stop one in doing a thing, Eb. 124; mod., taka fram f. hendrnar á e-m.B. TEMP.: fyrir dag, before day, Eg. 80; f. miðjan dag, Ld. 14; f. sól, before sunrise, 268; f. sólar-lag, before sunset; f. miðjan aptan, Nj. 192; f. náttmál, 197; f. óttu, Sighvat; f. þinglausnir, Ölk. 37; f. Jól, Nj. 269; f. fardaga, Grág. ii. 341; viku f. sumar, 244; f. mitt sumar, Nj. 138; litlu f. vetr, Eg. 159; f. vetrnætr, Grág. ii. 217; f. e-s minni, before one’s memory, Íb. 16.C. METAPH.:I. above, before; hann hafdi mest fyrir aðra konunga hraustleikinn, Fms. x. 372.II. for, on behalf of; vil ek bjóða at fara f. þik, I will go for thee, in thy stead, Nj. 77; ganga í skuld f. e-n, Grág. i. 283; Egill drakk … ok svá f. Ölvi, Eg. 210; kaupa e-t f. e-n, Nj. 157; gjalda gjöld f. e-n, Grág. i. 173; verja, sækja, sakir f. e-n, Eg. 504; hvárr f. sik, each for oneself, Dipl. v. 26; sættisk á öll mál f. Björn, Nj. 266; tók sættir f. Björn, Eg. 168; svara f. e-t, Fms. xi. 444; hafa til varnir f. sik, láta lýrit, lög-vörn koma f.; færa vörn f. sik, etc.; verja, sækja sakir f. sik, and many similar law phrases, Grág. passim; biðja konu f. e-n, to woo a lady for another, Fms. x. 44; fyrir mik, on my behalf, for my part, Gs. 16; lögvörn f. mál, a lawful defence for a case, Nj. 111; hafa til varnar f. sök, to defend a case, Grág. i. 61; halda skiladómi f. e-t, Dipl. iv. 8; festa lög f. e-t, vide festa.III. in a distributive sense; penning f. mann, a penny per man, K. Þ. K. 88; fyrir nef hvert, per nose = per head, Lv. 89, Fms. i. 153, Ó. H. 141; hve f. marga menn, for how many men, Grág. i. 296; fyrir hverja stiku, for each yard, 497.IV. for, for the benefit of; brjóta brauð f. hungraða, Hom. 75; þeir skáru f. þá melinn, they cut the straw for them (the horses), Nj. 265; leggja kostnað f. e-n, to defray one’s costs, Grág. i. 341.V. for, instead of; hann setti sik f. Guð, Edda (pref.); hafa e-n f. Guð (Lat. pro Deo), Stj. 73, Barl. 131; geta, fá, kveðja mann f. sik, to get a man as one’s delegate or substitute, Grág. i. 48 passim; þeir höfðu vargstakka f. brynjur, Fs. 17; manna-höfuð vóru f. kljána, Nj. 275; gagl f. gás ok grís f. gamalt svín, Ó. H. 86; rif stór f. hlunna, Háv. 48; buðkr er f. húslker er hafðr, Vm. 171; auga f. auga, tönn f. tönn, Exod. xxi. 24; skell f. skillinga, Þkv. 32.VI. because of, for; vilja Gunnar dauðan fyrir höggit, Nj. 92, Fms. v. 162; eigi f. sakleysi, not without ground, i. 302; fyrir hvat (why, for what) stefndi Gunnarr þeim til úhelgi? Nj. 101; ok urðu f. þat sekir, Landn. 323; hafa ámæli f. e-t, Nj. 65, passim.2. in a good sense, for one’s sake, for one; fyrir þín orð, for thy words, intercession, Ísl. ii. 217; vil ek göra f. þín orð, Ld. 158, Nj. 88; fyrir sína vinsæld, by his popularity, Fms. i. 259: the phrase, fyrir e-s sök, for one’s sake, vide sök: in swearing, a Latinism, fyrir trú mína, by my faith! (so in Old Engl. ‘fore God), Karl. 241; fyrir þitt líf, Stj. 514; ek særi þik f. alla krapta Krists ok manndóm þinn, Nj. 176. VII. for, at, denoting value, price; fyrir þrjár merkr, for three marks, Eg. 714; er sik leysti út f. þrjú hundruð marka, Fms. ix. 421; ganga f. hundrað, to pass or go for a hundred, D. I. i. 316:—also of the thing bought, þú skalt reiða f. hana þrjár merkr, thou shall pay for her three marks, Ld. 30; fyrir þik skulu koma mannhefndir, Nj. 57; bætr f. víg, Ísl. ii. 274; bætr f. mann, Eg. 259, passim; fyrir áverka Þorgeirs kom legorðs-sökin, Nj. 101:—so in the phrase, fyrir hvern mun, by all means, at any cost; fyrir öngan mun, by no means, Fms. i. 9, 157, Gþl. 531:—hafði hverr þeirra mann f. sik, eða tvá …, each slew a man or more for himself, i. e. they sold their lives dearly, Ó. H. 217.2. ellipt., í staðinn f., instead of, Grág. i. 61; hér vil ek bjóða f. góð boð, Nj. 77; taka umbun f., Fms. vii. 161; svara slíku f. sem …, Boll. 350; þér skulut öngu f. týna nema lífinu, you shall lose nothing less than your head, Nj. 7.VIII. by means of, by, through; fyrir þat sama orð, Stj.; fyrir sína náttúru, Fms. v. 162; fyrir messu-serkinn, iii. 168; fyrir þinn krapt ok frelsis-hönd, Pass. 19. 12; svikin f. orminn, by the serpent, Al. 63,—this use of fyrir seems to be a Latinism, but is very freq. in eccl. writings, esp. after the Reformation, N. T., Pass., Vídal.; fyrir munn Davíðs, through the mouth of David, etc.:—in good old historical writings such instances are few; þeir hlutuðu f. kast ( by dice), Sturl. ii. 159.IX. in spite of, against; fyrir vilja sinn, N. G. L. i. 151; fyrir vitorð eðr vilja e-s, against one’s will or knowledge, Grág. ii. 348; kvángask (giptask) f. ráð e-s, i. 177, 178, Þiðr. 190; nú fara menn f. bann ( in spite of an embargo) landa á milli, Gþl. 517; hann gaf henni líf f. framkvæmd farar, i. e. although she had not fulfilled her journey ( her vow), Fms. v. 223; fyrir várt lof, vi. 220; fyrir allt þat, in spite of all that, Grett. 80 new Ed.; fyrir ráð fram, heedlessly; fyrir lög fram, vide fram.X. denoting capacity, in the same sense as ‘at,’ C. II, p. 27, col. 1; scarcely found in old writers (who use ‘at’), but freq. in mod. usage, thus, eigi e-n f. vin, to have one for a friend, in old writers ‘at vin;’ hafa e-n f. fífl, fól, to make sport of one.2. in old writers some phrases come near to this, e. g. vita f. vist, to know for certain, Dipl. i. 3; vita f. full sannindi, id., ii. 16; hafa f. satt, to take for sooth, believe, Nj. 135; koma f. eitt, to come ( turn) all to one, Lv. 11, Nj. 91, Fms. i. 208; koma f. ekki, to come to naught, be of no avail, Ísl. ii. 215; fyrir hitt mun ganga, it will turn the other way, Nj. 93; fyrir hann er einskis örvænt orðs né verks, from him everything may be expected, Ísl. ii. 326; hafa e-s víti f. varnað, to have another’s faults for warning, Sól. 19.XI. joined with adverbs ending in -an, fyrir austan, vestan, sunnan, norðan, útan, innan, framan, handan, ofan, neðan, either with a following acc. denoting. direction, thus, fyrir austan, sunnan … fjall, east, south of the fell, i. e. on the eastern, southern side; fyrir neðan brú, below the bridge; fyrir útan fjall = Lat. ultra; fyrir innan fjall = Lat. infra; fyrir handan á, beyond the river; fyrir innan garð, inside the yard; fyrir ofan garð, above, beyond the yard, etc.; vide these adverbs:—used adverb., fyrir sunnan, in the south; fyrir vestan, in the west; fyrir norðan, in the north; fyrir austan, in the east,—current phrases in Icel. to mark the quarters of the country, cp. the ditty in Esp. Árb. year 1530; but not freq. in old writers, who simply say, norðr, suðr …, cp. Kristni S. ch. 1: absol. and adverb., fyrir ofan, uppermost; fyrir handan, on the other side:—fyrir útan e-t, except, save, Anal. 98, Vkv. 8; fyrir fram, vide fram.☞ For- and fyrir- as prefixes, vide pp. 163–167 and below:I. fore-, for-, meaning before, above, in the widest sense, local, temp., and metaph. furthering or the like, for-dyri, for-nes, for-ellri, for-beini, etc.β. before, down, for-brekkis, -bergis, -streymis, -vindis, -viðris, etc.2. in an intens. sense = before others, very, but not freq.; for-dyld, -góðr, -hagr, -hraustr, -kostuligr, -kuðr, -lítill, -ljótr, -prís, -ríkr, -snjallr.II. (cp. fyrir, acc., C. IX), in a neg. or priv. sense; a few words occur even in the earliest poems, laws, and writers, e. g. for-að, -átta, -dæða, -nám, -næmi, -sending, -sköp, -verk, -veðja, -viða, -vitni, -ynja, -yrtir; those words at least seem to be original and vernacular: at a later time more words of the same kind crept in:1. as early as writers of the 13th and 14th centuries, e. g. for-boð, -bænir, -djarfa, -dæma (fyrir-dæma), -taka (fyrir-taka), -þóttr; fyrir-bjóða, -fara, -göra, -koma, -kunna, -líta, -muna, -mæla, -vega, -verða.2. introduced in some words at the time of the Reformation through Luther’s Bible and German hymns, and still later in many more through Danish, e. g. for-brjóta, -drífa, -láta, -líkast, -merkja, -nema, -sorga, -sóma, -standa, -svara, -þénusta, and several others; many of these, however, are not truly naturalised, being chiefly used in eccl. writings:—it is curious that if the pronoun be placed after the verb (which is the vernacular use in Icel.) the sense is in many cases reversed; thus, fyrir-koma, to destroy, but koma e-u fyrir can only mean to arrange; so also fyrir-mæla, to curse, and mæla fyrir, to speak for; for-bænir, but biðja fyrir e-m, etc.; in the latter case the sense is good and positive, in the former bad and negative; this seems to prove clearly that these compds are due to foreign influence. -
60 hacer
v.1 to do (realizar) (estudios, experimento, favor).¿qué haces? what are you doing?tengo mucho que hacer I have a lot to doestoy haciendo segundo I'm in my second year¿qué habré hecho con las llaves? what have I done with the keys?la carretera hace una curva there's a bend in the roadElla hace la tarea She does her work.2 to make.hacer un vestido/planes to make a dress/planshacer un poema/una sinfonía to write a poem/a symphonyhacer una fiesta to have a partypara hacer la carne… to cook the meat…Ricardo hizo una casita Richard made a little house.Le hago estudiar I make him study.Nos hizo un problema He made us a problem (he made a problem for us)3 to make (obtener) (fotocopia).4 to do (arreglar) (casa, colada).5 to build (to build).han hecho un edificio nuevo they've put up a new building6 to make (movimientos, sonidos, gestos).le hice señas I signaled to herhacer ruido to make a noiseel gato hace "miau" cats go "meow"7 to do (practicar) (en general).debes hacer deporte you should start doing some sport8 to cause to look or seem (dar aspecto a).este espejo te hace gordo that mirror makes you look o seem fat9 to play (Cine & Teatro) (papel).hace el papel de la hija del rey she plays (the part of) the king's daughter10 to think, to reckon.a estas horas yo te hacía en París I thought o reckoned you'd be in Paris by now11 to be done to.Se me hizo una injusticia An injustice was done to me.12 to place.Haré una llamada a mi hermana I will place a call to my sister.13 to be made to.Se nos hizo pagar una gran suma We were made to pay a large amount.14 to be made for.Se me hizo una camisa A shirt was made for me.15 to travel, to make.Hicimos dos kilómetros We traveled two kilometers.* * *Present Indicativehago, haces, hace, hacemos, hacéis, hacen.Past IndicativeFuture IndicativeConditionalPresent SubjunctiveImperfect SubjunctiveFuture SubjunctiveImperativePast Participlehecho,-a.* * *verb1) to make2) do3) be•- hacer falta
- hacerse* * *Para las expresiones hacer añicos, hacer gracia, hacerse ilusiones, hacer pedazos, hacerse de rogar, hacer el tonto, hacer las veces de ver la otra entrada.1. VERBO TRANSITIVO1) [indicando actividad en general] to do¿qué haces? — what are you doing?
¿qué haces ahí? — what are you doing there?
¡eso no se hace! — that's not done!
•
hacer el [amor] — to make love•
hacer la [guerra] — to wage warhacer algo por hacer —
no tiene sentido hacer las cosas por hacerlas — there's no point doing things just for the sake of it
2) [en lugar de otro verbo] to do3) (=crear) [+ coche, escultura, juguete, ropa, pastel] to make; [+ casa] to build; [+ dibujo] to do; [+ novela, sinfonía] to write•
le cuesta trabajo hacer [amigos] — he finds it hard to make friends4) (=realizar) [+ apuesta, discurso, objeción] to make; [+ deporte, deberes] to do; [+ caca, pipí] to do; [+ nudo] to tie; [+ pregunta] to ask; [+ visita] to pay; [+ milagros] to do, workel gato hizo miau — the cat went miaow, the cat miaowed
el árbol no hace mucha sombra — the tree isn't very shady, the tree doesn't provide a lot of shade
¿me puedes hacer el nudo de la corbata? — could you knot my tie for me?
•
hacer un [favor] a algn — to do sb a favour•
hacer un [gesto] — [con la cara] to make {o} pull a face; [con la mano] to make a sign•
hacer un [recado] — to do {o} run an errand•
hacer [ruido] — to make a noise•
hacer [sitio] — to make room•
hacer [tiempo] — to kill time5) (=preparar) [+ cama, comida] to makehacer el pelo/las uñas a algn — to do sb's hair/nails
•
hacer las [maletas] — to pack one's bags6) (=dedicarse a)¿qué hace tu padre? — what does your father do?
•
hacer [cine] — to make films•
hacer [teatro] — to act7) (=actuar)hacer un papel — to play a role {o} part
8) (=sumar) to makey cincuenta céntimos, hacen diez euros — and fifty cents change, which makes ten euros
este hace el corredor número 100 en atravesar la meta — he's the 100th runner to cross the finishing line
9) (=cumplir)voy a hacer 30 años la próxima semana — I'm going to be 30 next week, it's my 30th birthday next week
10) (=obligar) + infin to make•
hágale [entrar] — show him in, have him come in•
me lo hizo [saber] — he told me about it, he informed me of it•
hacer [que] + subjun —11) (=mandar)+ infin12) (=transformar) + adj to make13) (=pensar) to thinkyo le hacía más viejo — I thought he was older, I had him down as being older
14) (=acostumbrar)15) (=ejercitar)16)• hacer a algn [con] (=proveer) —
2. VERBO INTRANSITIVO1) (=comportarse)•
hacer [como] que {o} como si — to make as ifhizo como que no se daba cuenta {o} como si no se diera cuenta — he made as if he hadn't noticed, he pretended not to have noticed
2)• [dar que] hacer — to cause trouble
dieron que hacer a la policía — they caused {o} gave the police quite a bit of trouble
3) (=importar)no le hace — LAm it doesn't matter, never mind
4) (=ser apropiado)¿hace? — will it do?, is it all right?; (=¿de acuerdo?) is it a deal?
5) (=apetecer)¿te hace que vayamos a tomar unas copas? — how about going for a drink?, what do you say we go for a drink?
¿te hace un cigarrillo? — how about a cigarette?, do you fancy a cigarette?
6) [seguido de preposición]hacer de (Teat) to play the part of hacer por (=intentar)hacer por hacer algo — to try to do sth, make an effort to do sth
3. VERBO IMPERSONAL1) [con expresiones de tiempo atmosférico] to behace calor/frío — it's hot/cold
¿qué tiempo hace? — what's the weather like?
2) [con expresiones temporales]hace tres años que se fue — he left three years ago, it's three years since he left
hace tres años que no lo veo — I haven't seen him for three years, it's three years since I (last) saw him
¿hace mucho que esperas? — have you been waiting long?
•
[desde] hace cuatro años — for four years3) LAm (=haber, tener)4.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( crear) <mueble/vestido> to make; <casa/carretera> to build; < nido> to build, make; < coche> to make, manufacture; < túnel> to make, dig; <dibujo/plano> to do, draw; < lista> to make, draw up; < resumen> to do, make; < película> to make; <nudo/lazo> to tie; <pan/pastel> to make, bake; <vino/café/tortilla> to make; < cerveza> to make, brewme hizo un lugar or sitio en la mesa — he made room o a place for me at the table
2)a) (efectuar, llevar a cabo) < sacrificio> to make; < milagro> to work, perform; <deberes/ejercicios/limpieza> to do; < mandado> to run; <transacción/investigación> to carry out; < experimento> to do, perform; < entrevista> to conduct; <gira/viaje> to do¿me haces un favor? — will you do me a favor?
hicimos un trato — we did o made a deal
b) <cheque/factura> to make out, write out3) (formular, expresar) <declaración/promesa/oferta> to make; <proyecto/plan> to make, draw up; <crítica/comentario> to make, voice; < pregunta> to askhacer caca — (fam) to do a poop (AmE) o (BrE) a pooh (colloq)
hacer pis or pipí — (fam) to have a pee (colloq)
hacer sus necesidades — (euf) to go to the bathroom o toilet (euph)
hice el pescado al horno — I did o cooked the fish in the oven
tengo que hacer la comida — I must make lunch; ver tb comida 2) b)
7)a) (producir, causar) < ruido> to makeb) ( refiriéndose a sonidos onomatopéyicos) to golas vacas hacen `mu' — cows go `moo'
8) ( recorrer) <trayecto/distancia> to do, cover9) (en cálculos, enumeraciones)son 180... y 320 hacen 500 — that's 180... and 320 is o makes 500
10)a) ( ocuparse en actividad) to dohacen una obra de Ibsen — they're doing o putting on a play by Ibsen
deberías hacer ejercicio — you should do o get some exercise
¿hace algún deporte? — do you play o do any sports?
b) (como profesión, ocupación) to doc) ( estudiar) to dohace Derecho — she's doing o studying o reading Law
11)a) (realizar cierta acción, actuar de cierta manera) to doniño, eso no se hace! — you mustn't do that!
qué se le va a hacer! or qué le vamos a hacer! — what can you o (frml) one do?
hacerla — (Méx) (fam) to make it (colloq)
hacerla (buena) — (fam)
ahora sí que la hice! — now I've (really) done it!
hacérsela buena a alguien — (Méx) to keep one's word o promise to somebody
soñé que te sacabas la lotería - házmela buena! — I dreamed you won the lottery - if only!
b) (dar cierto uso, destino, posición) to doy el libro ¿qué lo hice? — (CS, Méx fam) what did I do with the book?
c) ( causar daño)12) (esp Esp) ( actuar como)hacer el tonto — to act o play the fool
13) ( sustituyendo a otro verbo)voy a escribirle - deja, yo lo haré — I'm going to write to him - don't bother, I'll do it
14) (Méx, RPl fam) (afectar, importar)¿qué le hace? — so what? what does it matter?
15) (transformar en, volver) to makete hará hombre, hijo mío — it will make a man of you, my son
16) ( dar apariencia de)17) (inducir a, ser causa de que)hacer algo/a alguien + inf — to make something/somebody + inf
todo hace suponer que... — everything suggests that o leads one to think that...
hacer que algo/alguien + subj — to make something/somebody + inf
18) ( obligar a)hacer + inf a alguien — to make somebody + inf
hacer que alguien + subj — to make somebody + inf
19)hacer hacer algo — to have o get something done/made
hice acortar las cortinas — I had o got the curtains shortened
20) (suponer, imaginar)2.hacer vi1)a) (obrar, actuar)déjame hacer a mí — just let me handle this o take care of this
¿cómo se hace para que te den la beca? — what do you have to do to get the scholarship?
¿cómo hacen para vivir con ese sueldo? — how do they manage to live on that salary?
hacerle a algo — (Chi, Méx fam)
hacer y deshacer — to do as one pleases, do what one likes
b) (+ compl)hiciste bien en decírmelo — you did o were right to tell me
mamá, ya hice! — (esp AmL) Mommy, I've been o I've finished!
hacer de cuerpo or de vientre — (frml) to have a bowel movement (frml)
3) (fingir, simular)hizo como que no me había visto — he made out o pretended he hadn't seen me
haz como si no supieras nada — act as if o pretend you don't know anything about it
4) ( servir)hacer de algo: esta sábana hará de toldo this sheet will do for o as an awning; la escuela hizo de hospital — the school served as o was used as a hospital
5) ( interpretar personaje)hacer de algo/alguien — to play (the part of) something/somebody
hacía de `malo' — he played the bad guy
6) (+ compl) ( sentar) (+ me/te/le etc)la trucha me hizo mal — (AmL) the trout didn't agree with me
7) ( corresponder)8)no le hace — ( no tiene importancia) it doesn't matter; ( no sirve de excusa) that's no excuse
¿no le hace que tire la ceniza aquí? — do you mind if I drop the ash here?
9) (en 3a pers) (frml) (tocar, concernir)por lo que hace a or en cuanto hace a su solicitud — as far as your application is concerned
10) (Esp fam) ( apetecer)3.¿(te) hace una cerveza? — care for a beer?, do you fancy a beer? (BrE colloq)
hacer v impers1)hace frío/calor/sol/viento — it's cold/hot/sunny/windy
b) (fam & hum)hace sed ¿verdad? — it's thirsty weather/work, isn't it?
parece que hace hambre — you/they seem to be hungry
¿cuánto hace que se fue? — how long ago did she leave?
hace poco/un año — a short time/a year ago
4.hacía años que no lo veía — I hadn't seen him for o in years
1) hacerse v pron2) ( producirse)hágase la luz — (Bib) let there be light; (+ me/te/le etc)
se le ha hecho una ampolla — she's got o she has a blister
hacérsele algo a alguien — (Méx)
por fin se le hizo ganar el premio — she finally got to win the award
3)a) (refl) ( hacer para sí) <café/falda> to make oneselfb) (caus) ( hacer que otro haga)4) ( causarse)¿qué te hiciste en el brazo? — what did you do to your arm?
¿te hiciste daño? — did you hurt yourself?
todavía se hace pis/caca — (fam) she still wets/messes herself
6) (refl) ( adquirir) to make7)a) (volverse, convertirse en) to becomehacerse famoso/monja — to become famous/a nun
se están haciendo viejos — they are getting o growing old
b) (impers)se está haciendo tarde — it's getting late; (+ me/te/le etc)
c) ( cocinarse) pescado/guiso to cookd) (AmL) ( pasarle a)¿qué se habrá hecho María? — what can have happened to María?
8) ( resultar)esto se hace muy pesado — this gets very boring; (+ me/te/le etc)
9) ( dar impresión de) (+ me/te/le etc)se me hace que está ofendida — I get the feeling o impression that she's upset
se me hace que va a llover — I think o I have a feeling it's going to rain
hacérsele a alguien — (Chi fam) to back out
10) (caus)hacerse + inf: hazte respetar make people respect you; el desenlace no se hizo esperar the end was not long in coming; un chico que se hace querer a likable kid; se hizo construir una mansión he had a mansion built; hazte ver por un médico — (AmL) go and see a doctor
11) ( acostumbrarse)hacerse a algo/+ inf — to get used to something/-ing
12) ( fingirse)¿éste es bobo o se (lo) hace? — (fam) is this guy stupid or just a good actor? (colloq)
no te hagas el sordo — don't pretend o act as if you didn't hear me
yo me hice — (Méx fam) I pretend not to notice
13) ( moverse) (+ compl) to movehacerse atrás/a un lado — to move back/to one side
14) hacerse con15) hacerse de (AmL)tengo que hacerme de dinero — I must get o lay my hands on some money
* * *= accomplish, design (for/to), be up to, cause, conduct, do, devise, produce, render, compose, make, get (a)round to, make out, get round to, brew.Ex. If a library prefers to simplify records in particular areas, this can usually be accomplished by not entering particular types of information.Ex. In lists designed for international use a symbolic notation instead of textual notes may be used.Ex. When I saw what he was up to, I drew back for a punch and hit him so hard on the nose that he fell on his back and lay there for some time, so that his wife stood over him and cried out 'Mercy! You've done my husband in!'.Ex. As usage of the language causes terms to become anachronistic, or as increases in our level of awareness reveal undesirable connotations, we seek to change subject heading terms.Ex. Obviously, this tagging must be conducted manually.Ex. In all these cases where scientists studied what crafstmen knew how to do the resulting benefits have accrued to science not to technology.Ex. Special classification schemes are generally devised for an application in which no major general scheme is suitable.Ex. The present OCLC system does not produce catalog cards in sets, but if it did it could produce over 6,000 different sets for one title.Ex. So strongly was it felt by proponents of change that just such unconscious biases rendered libraries 'part of the problem, instead of the solution'.Ex. There have never been any attempts to compose a bibliography of US government documents relating to international law.Ex. This concept comes mainly from the military, where a designated number of troops make a squad, a platoon, a regiment, etc..Ex. The article is entitled 'A list of lists of Web sites to check out: getting organized and getting around to it are two different things'.Ex. The cards for those headings should be removed from the index and new cards made out if necessary.Ex. The government have been making noises about it for some time but haven't quite got round to it.Ex. The goddess owned a potent magick cauldron in which she planned to brew a special liquid for her ugly son.----* acceder haciendo clic = click.* acusación + hacer = accusation + level.* aguja de hacer croché = crochet hook, crochet needle.* aguja de hacer ganchillo = crochet hook, crochet needle.* aguja de hacer punto = knitting needle.* algo diverto que hacer = fun thing to do.* Algo que se hace para matar el tiempo = time filler.* al hacer esto = by so doing, in so doing, by doing so, in doing so.* a medio hacer = halfway done, half done.* anunciado desde hace tiempo = long-heralded.* aprender haciendo = learn by + doing.* batir hasta hacer espuma = work up + a lather.* ¡bien hecho! = the way to go!.* buscar una forma de hacer (algo) = develop + way + to make + Nombre.* contenedor para hacer compost = compost bin.* continuar con el buen hacer = keep up + the good work, keep up + the great work.* continuar haciendo algo = get on with + Nombre.* cuando hace frío = in the cold.* cumplido hace tiempo = long overdue.* decidir hacer = spring for.* decidir qué hacer con = make + disposition of.* de hace años = of years ago.* de hace muchos años = long-standing.* de hace mucho tiempo = age-old, long-lost.* de hace siglos = of yore.* de hace varios siglos = centuries-old.* dejar de hacer huelga = cross + the picket line.* dejar que Alguien haga las cosas a su manera = let + Nombre + do things + Posesivo + (own) way.* dejar sin hacer = leave + undone.* desde hace algún tiempo = for some time past, for days.* desde hace años = over the years, for years past, for years.* desde hace la tira (de tiempo) = for yonks, for yonks and yonks.* desde hace muchísimo tiempo = in ages (and ages and ages).* desde hace muchos años = for years.* desde hace mucho tiempo = for ages, long-time [longtime], long since, in ages (and ages and ages).* desde hace siglos = for yonks, for yonks and yonks.* desde hace tanto tiempo = so long.* desde hace tiempo = long [longer -comp., longest -sup.], over the years, for a long time, long since, for some time.* desde hace un montonazo de tiempo = for yonks and yonks.* desde hace un montón de tiempo = for yonks.* desde hace un par de + Tiempo = in these past couple of + Tiempo.* desde hace varios años + Presente = for several years + Pretérito Perfecto.* desde hace ya algún tiempo = for some time now.* desde hace ya años = for years now.* difícil de hacer = hard to do.* donde fueres haz lo que vieres = when in Rome (do as the Romans do).* dos entuertos no hacen un derecho = two wrongs do not make a right.* el que las hace, las paga = you've made your bed, now you must lie in it!.* encargado de hacer el presupuesto = budgetmaker.* esfuerzo + hacer sudar = work up + a lather.* es más fácil decirlo que hacerlo = easier said than done.* esperado hace tiempo = overdue.* esperar sin nada que hacer = kick + Posesivo + heels.* establecido desde hace tiempo = long-established.* estar haciendo = be up to.* estar haciendo Algo = have + Nombre + on the go.* estar haciendo algo que no se debe = be up to no good.* estar sin hacer nada = sit + idle, stand + idle.* existir desde hace años = be around for years.* frotar hasta hacer espuma = lather.* hace algunos años = some years ago.* hace algún tiempo = some time ago, a while back, some while ago, sometime back.* hace años = years ago.* hace demasiado tiempo = too long ago.* hacer huir en batalla = route.* hace la tira (de tiempo) = yonks, yonks and yonks.* hace miles de años = aeons ago.* hace muchas lunas = all those many moons ago, many moons ago.* hace muchísimos años = a great many years ago.* hace muchísimo tiempo = ages (and ages) ago, aeons ago, yonks.* hace muchos años = many years ago.* hace mucho tiempo = long since, all those many moons ago, many moons ago.* hace muy poco tiempo = a short time ago.* hace + Número + años = Número + years ago.* hace poco tiempo = a short time ago.* hacer a Alguien pasar vergüenza = embarrass.* hacer a Alguien precavido = put + Nombre + on + Posesivo + guard.* hacer abono orgánico = compost.* hacer acampada = camp.* hacer accesible a través de = make + available through.* hacer ademanes = flail about, gesticulate.* hacer aflorar = bring to + the surface.* hacer aflorar sentimientos de antagonismo = bring to + the surface + feelings of antagonism.* hacer ágil = limber up.* hacer agua = Negativo + hold + water.* hacer agua(s) = spring + a leak.* hacer a gusto del consumidor = make to + order.* hacer ajustes = make + adjustment.* hacer alarde de = boast, flaunt, brag, show off.* hacer alegaciones = plead.* hacer Algo a hurtadillas = sneak.* hacer algo alocado = do + something footloose and fancy-free.* hacer algo al respecto = do + something about it.* hacer Algo con dificultad = muddle through, plod (along/through).* hacer Algo con mucho esfuerzo = plod (along/through).* hacer algo con respecto a = do + something about.* hacer Algo de cara a la galería = play to + the gallery.* hacer Algo en exceso = push + Nombre + too far.* hacer algo funcionar = make + Nombre + tick.* hacer Algo muy bien = do + an excellent job of, make + an excellent job of.* hacer Algo para la galería = play to + the gallery.* hacer algo poco a poco = eat away at.* hacer algo por amor al arte = labour of love.* hacer Algo por + Posesivo + propia cuenta = make + Posesivo + own arrangements.* hacer Algo posible = make + provision for.* hacer Algo puré = mash.* hacer Algo rápidamente = put together.* hacer Algo realidad = make + Nombre + come true.* hacer Algo sin ser visto = sneak.* hacer Algo sobre la marcha = play + Nombre + by ear.* hacer Algo trocitos = tear + Nombre + to shreds, tear + Nombre + to bits.* hacer algunos comentarios sobre lo que Alguien ha dicho = take + a few cracks at.* hacer alusión a = make + allusion to, make + reference to.* hacer a mano = handcraft.* hacer a medida = custom-make, make to + order.* hacer a medida para satisfacer los requisitos = tailor to + meet the specification.* hacer amigos = win + friends.* hacer amistad = make + friend.* hacer amistad con = make + friends with, befriend.* hacer amistades = friend.* hacer ampollas = blister.* hacer anotaciones = annotate, mark + Nombre + up.* hacer añicos = shatter, blow + Nombre + to bits, smash + Nombre + to bits, tear + Nombre + to bits.* hacer aparecer = cause + display of.* hacer a partir de = make out of.* hacer apología = make + apology.* hacer arreglos florales = arrange + flowers.* hacer artesanalmente = handcraft.* hacer asequible = make + amenable.* hacer atractivo = endear.* hacer a un lado = nudge + Nombre + aside, push aside.* hacer autostop = thumb + a lift, hitch + a ride.* hacer avances = make + headway.* hacer avanzar = nudge + Nombre + forward, push + the frontiers of, nudge + Nombre + along, nudge + Nombre + into, push + the boundaries of.* hacer avanzar el conocimiento = push back + the frontiers of knowledge.* hacer avanzar hacia = nudge + Nombre + toward.* hacer averiguaciones = make + enquiry.* hacer bajar = force down.* hacer balance de = take + stock of.* hacer barrabasadas = play + pranks.* hacer basto = coarsen.* hacer bien = do + good.* hacer borrón y cuenta nueva = start with + a clean slate, cut + Posesivo + losses, turn over + a new leaf.* hacer borroso = blur.* hacer bromas = banter.* hacer bucles = loop.* hacer buenas migas = hit it off.* hacer buen uso de Algo = put to + good use.* hacer bulla = kick up + a stink, kick up + a fuss, raise + a stink, make + a stink (about), make + a racket, make + a row, make + a ruckus, kick up + a row.* hacer bulto = bulge.* hacer búsquedas en = search through.* hacer caca = take + a dump.* hacer caer = oust.* hacer caja = tally up + sales, balance + the cash, reconcile (with), balance + the cash drawer.* hacer caja con = cash in on, ride (on) + Posesivo + coattails.* hacer callar = shush, hush, quieten.* hacer cambiar = swing + Persona.* hacer cambiar las cosas = turn + the tide on.* hacer cambios en la búsqueda = renegotiate + search.* hacer cambios indebidamente = tamper (with).* hacer campaña = campaign, stump, go out on + the road.* hacer cara a = brave.* hacer caso = take + notice, listen (to).* hacer caso a Alguien = take + Posesivo + word for it.* hacer caso (a/de) = pay + attention to.* hacer caso omiso = disregard, brush aside, go + unheeded, fall on + deaf ears, meet + deaf ears, thumb + Posesivo + nose at, dismiss with + the wave of the hand, fly in + the face of, push aside.* hacer caso omiso de = be oblivious of/to.* hacer chanchullos = fiddle.* hacer chatting = chat.* hacer circular = pass around.* hacer circular por = circulate round.* hacer cisco = tear + apart, wipe + the floor with.* hacer coincidir (con) = reconcile (with).* hacer cola = queue up.* hacer colectas = exact + contributions.* hacer comentarios = air + comments.* hacer como el avestruz = bury + Posesivo + head in the sand (like an ostrich), stick + Posesivo + head in the sand.* hacer como si nada = play it + cool.* hacer comparaciones = draw + comparisons, make + comparisons.* hacer comparecer = arraign.* hacer compatible (con) = reconcile (with).* hacer compost = compost.* hacer compras = do + shopping.* hacer comprender = bring + home.* hacer con Alguien lo que Uno quiera = be like putty in + Posesivo + hands.* hacer concesiones = make + allowances.* hacer conjeturas = speculate.* hacer constar = state.* hacer contrabando = smuggle.* hacer copias = make + multiple copies.* hacer copias mediante multicopista por disolvente = spirit duplication.* hacer correr la voz = spread + the word, spread + the good word, pass on + the good word, spread + the news.* hacer cosas = get + things done.* hacer cosquillas = tickle.* hacer creer = lead to + believe, lull + Nombre + into thinking.* hacer crítica = find + fault with.* hacer croché = crochet.* hacer cuadrar (con) = reconcile (with).* hacer cuadrar las cuentas = reconcile + receipts.* hacer cuadras las facturas = reconcile + receipts.* hacer cualquier cosa = do + anything, give + Posesivo + right arm.* hacer cumplir = uphold.* hacer cumplir la disciplina = enforce + discipline.* hacer cumplir la legislación = enforce + legislation.* hacer cumplir la ley = law enforcement, enforce + law, legal enforcement.* hacer cumplir una norma = enforce + standard.* hacer cumplir una política = uphold + policy.* hacer cumplir unas normas = enforce + policy.* hacer daño = do + harm, hurt.* hacer dar vueltas = gyrate.* hacer de = make out of.* hacer de carabina = play + gooseberry.* hacer declamaciones = declaim.* hacer dedo = hitch + a ride, thumb + a lift.* hacer de la noche día = burn + the candle at both ends.* hacer del mismo molde = cast in + the same mould as.* hacer de nuevo = redo [re-do], remake.* hacer de + Posesivo + parte = do + Posesivo + bit.* hacer derretir el hielo = de-ice [deice].* hacer desaparecer = eradicate, dispel, banish.* hacer desaparecer una división = blur + division.* hacer desaparecer un mito = dispel + myth.* hacer descuento = discount.* hacer desfilar = parade.* hacer detonar = detonate.* hacer de tripas corazón = bite + the bullet.* hacer diabluras = play + pranks.* hacer diana = hit + home.* hacer difícil = make + it + difficult, make + difficult.* hacer dinero = make + money.* hacer dudar = make + Nombre + doubt, misgive.* hacer eco = echo, resonate.* hacer eco de = echo.* hacer efectivo = cash in.* hacer efectivo en metálico = pay in + cash.* hacer ejercicio físico = work out.* hacer ejercicios de calentamiento = limber up.* hacer el aire irrespirable = choke + the air.* hacer el amor = make + love.* hacer el avío = get + ready.* hacer el balance de cuentas = balance + the cash, balance + the cash drawer.* hacer el cambio = make + the change.* hacer el chorra = pissing into the wind.* hacer el deber de Uno = do + Posesivo + part.* hacer el dobladillo = hem.* hacer elección = make + choices.* hacer el esfuerzo necesario = pull + Posesivo + (own) weight.* hacer el indio = horse around/about.* hacer el intento = have + a go, give + it a shot, give + Nombre + a try, have + a stab at, take + a stab at, make + a stab at, give + it a whirl, give + it a try.* hacer el mal = do + evil.* hacer el mejor uso de = make + the best of.* hacer el monigote = fool around.* hacer el paripé = keep up + facade, put on + an act.* hacer el pasillo = form + a guard of honour.* hacer el pasillo de honor = form + a guard of honour.* hacer el recorrido normal = make + the rounds.* hacer el ridículo = make + a fool of + Reflexivo, make + an arse of + Reflexivo, make + a spectacle of + Reflexivo.* hacer el testamento = testate.* hacer el tonto = fool around, horse around/about.* hacer el último esfuerzo = go + the last mile, go + the extra mile.* hacer encaje = tat.* hacer encaje de bolillos = do + the impossible, jump through + hoops, double over + backwards.* hacer encaje de bolillos para que cuadre Algo = juggle.* hacer encargos = run + errands.* hacer enemigos = make + enemies.* hacer entender = get across.* hacer erupción = erupt.* hacer escala = stop over.* hacer eses = zigzag.* hacer esperar = cool + Posesivo + heels.* hacer espuma = work up + a lather, froth.* hacer esquina con = form + right angles with.* hacer estallar = spark, ignite, touch off, blow up, let off.* hacer estallar en añicos = blow + sky high.* hacer estallar una bomba = bomb.* hacer estallar un guerra = ignite + war.* hacer esto = go along + this road.* hacer esto y aquello de un modo relajado = mess about, pootle, piddle around.* hacer esto y aquello de un modo relajado = mess around.* hacer esto y aquello sin prisas = pootle.* hacer estragos = lay + waste to, create + havoc, wreak + havoc, cause + havoc, take + Posesivo + toll (on).* hacer estragos en = play + havoc with.* hacer estrías = rifle.* hacer exenciones = make + exemptions.* hacer experimentos = institute + experiments.* hacer explícito = make + explicit.* hacer explotar = blow up.* hacer extensivo + Posesivo + agradecimiento = extend + Posesivo + thanks.* hacer factible = make + feasible.* hacer falta = need, must, have to, it + take.* hacer flexible = limber up.* hacer fortuna = make + Posesivo + fortune, make + a fortune, strike + it rich, strike + gold, hit + the jackpot.* hacer fotocopias = photoduplication [photo-duplication].* hacer fotografía = make + picture.* hacer fracasar = foil, derail.* hacer frente = combat, come to + terms with, contain, address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on, engage.* hacer frente a = confront, deal with, face, face up to, meet, cope with, wrestle with, stand up to, brave, breast, address.* hacer frente a deudas = meet + debts.* hacer frente a gastos = meet + expenses.* hacer frente a la delincuencia = tackle + crime.* hacer frente a la inflación = combat + inflation.* hacer frente a la realidad = confront + reality, face + (the) facts, face + (up to) the fact that, face + reality.* hacer frente a la realidad (de que) = face + the truth (that).* hacer frente a las diferencias = face + differences.* hacer frente a la situación = tackle + situation.* hacer frente a la vida = cope.* hacer frente al cambio = manage + change.* hacer frente al futuro = face up to + the future.* hacer frente al hecho de que = face + (up to) the fact that.* hacer frente a los elementos = brave + the elements.* hacer frente a los hechos = face + facts.* hacer frente a tiempos difíciles = cope with + difficult times, cope with + difficult times.* hacer frente a una amenaza = address + threat.* hacer frente a una crisis = face + crisis, meet + crisis.* hacer frente a una incertidumbre = meet + uncertainty.* hacer frente a una necesidad = meet + need, serve + need.* hacer frente a una responsabilidad = meet + responsibility, face up to + responsibility.* hacer frente a un cambio = meet + change.* hacer frente a un gasto = meet + cost.* hacer frente a un problema = attack + problem, combat + problem, wrestle with + problem.* hacer frente a un reto = rise (up) to + challenge, confront + challenge, meet + challenge, embrace + challenge.* hacer fresco = be cool.* hacer funcionar = service, do + the trick.* hacer gala de = sport.* hacer gala del conocimiento que uno tiene = air + knowledge.* hacer ganchillo = crochet.* hacer garabatos = scribble, scrawl, doodle.* hacer girar = twiddle, twirl.* hacer gozar = delight.* hacer gracia = tickle + Posesivo + fancy.* hacer grandes esfuerzos por = take + (great) pains to.* hacer grandes progresos = make + great strides.* hacer guardar silencio = shush.* hacer hasta la presente = do + all along.* hacer hidrófugo = render + water-repellent.* hacer hincapié = emphasise [emphasize, -USA].* hacer hincapié en = put + a premium on.* hacer hincapié en una idea = hammer + point.* hacer historia = make + history, history in the making, go down in + history.* hacer honor al nombre de Uno = live up to + Posesivo + name.* hacer horas extraordinarias = work + overtime.* hacer horas extras = work + overtime.* hacer hueco = make + room (for).* hacer huelga = strike.* hacer huella = leave + an impression, touch + Posesivo + life, leave + Posesivo + mark, cut + a swath(e), leave + an imprint, make + an impression.* hacer huir = drive away, chase + Nombre + off.* hacer imaginar = conjure up + an image of, conjure up + a vision of.* hacer impermeable = render + water-repellent.* hacer inalterable = set in + stone, set in + tablets of stone.* hacer incomprensible = render + incomprehensible, garble.* hacer indescifrable = render + indecipherable, garble.* hacer innecesario = obviate + the need for, make + redundant.* hacer insinuaciones = make + innuendoes.* hacer insinuaciones sobre = make + noises about, make + a noise about.* hacer insoluble = render + insoluble.* hacer inutilizable = render + useless.* hacer juego con = go with.* hacer juegos malabares = juggle.* hacer juegos malabares para que cuadre Algo = juggle.* hacer justicia = do + justice.* hacer la cama = make + the bed.* hacer la cuenta = tot up, tote up.* hacer la guerra = make + war.* hacer (la) mona = play + hooky, play + truant, skip + class.* hacer la paz = make + (the) peace.* hacer la pelota = butter + Nombre + up, toady, fawn (on/upon/over).* hacer la pelota a + Alguien = curry + favour with + Alguien.* hacer la pelotilla = toady, butter + Nombre + up.* hacer la prueba = give + it a whirl, give + it a shot, give + it a try.* hacer largos = swim + laps.* hacer las leyes más estrictas = tighten + laws.* hacer las maletas = pack up, pack + Posesivo + belongings, pack + Posesivo + things, pack + Posesivo + suitcases, pack + Posesivo + bags.* hacer las paces = heal + the breach, heal + the rift, bury + the hatchet, make + (the) peace, smoke + the peace pipe, smoke + the pipe of peace, bury + the tomahawk, bury + the war axe.* hacer la transición = make + the transition.* hacer la vida imposible = make + life hell.* hacer la vista gorda = look + the other way, turn + a blind eye to, pretend + not to have seen.* hacerle a Alguien un lavado de cerebro = brainwash.* hacerle las cosas fáciles a Alguien = play into + the hands of.* hacerle la vida más simple a todos = simplify + life for everyone.* hacerle una paja a un muerto = flog + a dead horse, beat + a dead horse, fart + in the wind.* hacerle un bombo a Alguien = knock + Alguien + up.* hacer llamada telefónica = make + telephone call.* hacer llorar = reduce + Nombre + to tears.* hacer llorar de emoción = move + Nombre + to tears.* hacerlo = do so, go ahead.* hacerlo bien = put + matters + right, get + it + right, be right on track.* hacer lo correcto = do + the right thing.* hacerlo de nuevo = go and do it again.* hacerlo difícil de + Infinitivo = make + it + hard to + Infinitivo.* hacer lo imposible = bend over backwards, do + the impossible, lean over + backwards, double over + backwards.* hacer lo imposible para = jump through + hoops.* hacerlo lo mejor que uno pueda = do + Posesivo + utmost, give + Posesivo + utmost, give + Posesivo + best.* hacerlo mal = get + it + (all) wrong.* hacer lo más acertado dadas las circunstancias = do + the best thing in the circumstances.* hacerlo más llevadero = make + life easier.* hacerlo mejor = do + a better job.* hacer lo mejor que Uno pueda = put + Posesivo + best into, give of + Posesivo + best.* hacer lo mejor que Uno puede = try + Posesivo + best, try + Posesivo + heart out.* hacerlo por uno mismo = do + it + on + Posesivo + own.* hacer lo que a Uno le de la gana = get away with + murder.* hacer lo que le corresponde a Uno = do + Posesivo + part.* hacer lo que uno dice que es capaz de hacer = live up to + Posesivo + claim.* hacer lo que Uno quiera = get away with + murder.* hacer los deberes = do + homework.* hacerlo sin la ayuda de nadie = do + it + on + Posesivo + own.* hacerlo solo = do + it + on + Posesivo + own.* hacer los primeros pinitos = take + the first step.* hacerlo todo excepto = stop at + nothing short of.* hacerlo todo menos = stop at + nothing short of.* hacer malabarismos = juggle.* hacer malabarismos para que cuadre Algo = juggle.* hacer mandados = run + errands.* hacer maravillas = work + wonders.* hacer más consciente de Algo = heighten + awareness.* hacer más copias de Algo = produce + additional copies.* hacer más eficiente = streamline.* hacer más estricto = tighten.* hacer más fuerte = toughen.* hacer más inteligente = smarten.* hacer más interesante = spice up, add + spice.* hacer más preciso = tightening up.* hacer más rico = add + richness to.* hacer más riguroso = tighten, tightening up.* hacer más sabroso = pep up.* hacer más sofisticado = dumb up.* hacer mejor = give + Nombre + an edge.* hacer mejoras = make + improvements.* hacer mella = take + Posesivo + toll (on), leave + an impression, touch + Posesivo + life, leave + Posesivo + mark, cut + a swath(e), leave + an imprint, make + an impression, hit + home.* hacer mella en = dent, make + a dent in, take + a bite out of.* hacer mención de/a = make + mention of.* hacer mezcla = mix + cement.* hacer milagros = work + wonders, work + miracles.* hacer mucha ilusión = be thrilled.* hacer mucho = do + much.* hacer mucho dinero = make + good money, earn + good money.* hacer mucho por = go + a long way (towards/to/in) + Gerundio.* hacer muchos aspavientos por Algo = make + a song and dance about.* hacer mucho tiempo que Algo ha desaparecido = be long gone.* hacer necesario = render + necessary.* hacer negocio = make + business.* hacer negocios = do + business, transact.* hacer + Nombre + llegar hasta aquí = get + Nombre + this far.* hacer + Nombre + responsable de = put + Nombre + in the driving seat.* hacer notar = bring to + Posesivo + attention, bring to + the attention, mark, note, bring to + notice, bring + attention to, bring to + Posesivo + notice.* hacer notar la presencia de = make + Posesivo + presence felt, make + Posesivo + presence known.* hacer novillos = play + hooky, skip + class, play + truant, bunk off, bunk + classes, skive, bunk + school.* hacer nudos = knot.* hacer objeciones contra = urge against.* hacer observaciones = comment on/upon.* hacer obsoleto = make + redundant.* hacer oídos sordos = turn + a deaf ear to.* hacer ordinario = coarsen.* hacer pagar tributos = exact + tributes.* hacer palmas = clap.* hacer paradas = make + stops.* hacer parecer = make + seem, make + Nombre + out to be.* hacer parecer pequeño = dwarf.* hacer partícipe = engage.* hacer pasajero = render + transitory.* hacer patochadas = fool around.* hacer payasadas = fool around.* hacer pedazos = shatter, smash + Nombre + to bits.* hacer peligrar = place + in jeopardy, imperil, endanger, pose + risk.* hacer pensar = provoke + thought, make to + think, lull + Nombre + into thinking, summon up + image.* hacer pensar en = conjure, conjure up + a picture of, bring to + mind, conjure up + an image of, conjure up, conjure up + a vision of.* hacer pequeños ajustes = tinker + around the edges, tinker with.* hacer perder el conocimiento = knock + Nombre + out, knock + Nombre + unconscious.* hacer perder el entusiasmo = dampen + Posesivo + enthusiasm.* hacer perder el sentido a = make + nonsense of.* hacer perder la agilidad física = stale.* hacer perder la agilidad mental = stale.* hacer perder las esperanzas = dampen + Posesivo + hopes.* hacer permanente = render + permanent.* hacer ping = ping.* hacer pipí = pee.* hacer pis = piss, pee, take + a leak, have + a leak, widdle, piddle.* hacer planes = plan, make + plans.* hacer poca distinción entre... y... = make + little distinction between... and....* hacer poco = do + little.* hacer popular = popularise [popularize, -USA].* hacer por encargo = make to + order.* hacer + Posesivo + agosto = make + a killing.* hacer + Posesivo + necesidades = relieve + Reflexivo, go + potty.* hacer + Posesivo + trabajo = get on with + Posesivo + work, do + Posesivo + business.* hacer posible = enable, provide for, make + possible, provide + a basis for, make + an opportunity.* hacer posible el crecimiento = accommodate + growth.* hacer preguntas = ask + questions, interrogate, air + questions, make + enquiry.* hacer preparativo = make + arrangements.* hacer preso = imprison, jail [gaol, -UK].* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( crear) <mueble/vestido> to make; <casa/carretera> to build; < nido> to build, make; < coche> to make, manufacture; < túnel> to make, dig; <dibujo/plano> to do, draw; < lista> to make, draw up; < resumen> to do, make; < película> to make; <nudo/lazo> to tie; <pan/pastel> to make, bake; <vino/café/tortilla> to make; < cerveza> to make, brewme hizo un lugar or sitio en la mesa — he made room o a place for me at the table
2)a) (efectuar, llevar a cabo) < sacrificio> to make; < milagro> to work, perform; <deberes/ejercicios/limpieza> to do; < mandado> to run; <transacción/investigación> to carry out; < experimento> to do, perform; < entrevista> to conduct; <gira/viaje> to do¿me haces un favor? — will you do me a favor?
hicimos un trato — we did o made a deal
b) <cheque/factura> to make out, write out3) (formular, expresar) <declaración/promesa/oferta> to make; <proyecto/plan> to make, draw up; <crítica/comentario> to make, voice; < pregunta> to askhacer caca — (fam) to do a poop (AmE) o (BrE) a pooh (colloq)
hacer pis or pipí — (fam) to have a pee (colloq)
hacer sus necesidades — (euf) to go to the bathroom o toilet (euph)
hice el pescado al horno — I did o cooked the fish in the oven
tengo que hacer la comida — I must make lunch; ver tb comida 2) b)
7)a) (producir, causar) < ruido> to makeb) ( refiriéndose a sonidos onomatopéyicos) to golas vacas hacen `mu' — cows go `moo'
8) ( recorrer) <trayecto/distancia> to do, cover9) (en cálculos, enumeraciones)son 180... y 320 hacen 500 — that's 180... and 320 is o makes 500
10)a) ( ocuparse en actividad) to dohacen una obra de Ibsen — they're doing o putting on a play by Ibsen
deberías hacer ejercicio — you should do o get some exercise
¿hace algún deporte? — do you play o do any sports?
b) (como profesión, ocupación) to doc) ( estudiar) to dohace Derecho — she's doing o studying o reading Law
11)a) (realizar cierta acción, actuar de cierta manera) to doniño, eso no se hace! — you mustn't do that!
qué se le va a hacer! or qué le vamos a hacer! — what can you o (frml) one do?
hacerla — (Méx) (fam) to make it (colloq)
hacerla (buena) — (fam)
ahora sí que la hice! — now I've (really) done it!
hacérsela buena a alguien — (Méx) to keep one's word o promise to somebody
soñé que te sacabas la lotería - házmela buena! — I dreamed you won the lottery - if only!
b) (dar cierto uso, destino, posición) to doy el libro ¿qué lo hice? — (CS, Méx fam) what did I do with the book?
c) ( causar daño)12) (esp Esp) ( actuar como)hacer el tonto — to act o play the fool
13) ( sustituyendo a otro verbo)voy a escribirle - deja, yo lo haré — I'm going to write to him - don't bother, I'll do it
14) (Méx, RPl fam) (afectar, importar)¿qué le hace? — so what? what does it matter?
15) (transformar en, volver) to makete hará hombre, hijo mío — it will make a man of you, my son
16) ( dar apariencia de)17) (inducir a, ser causa de que)hacer algo/a alguien + inf — to make something/somebody + inf
todo hace suponer que... — everything suggests that o leads one to think that...
hacer que algo/alguien + subj — to make something/somebody + inf
18) ( obligar a)hacer + inf a alguien — to make somebody + inf
hacer que alguien + subj — to make somebody + inf
19)hacer hacer algo — to have o get something done/made
hice acortar las cortinas — I had o got the curtains shortened
20) (suponer, imaginar)2.hacer vi1)a) (obrar, actuar)déjame hacer a mí — just let me handle this o take care of this
¿cómo se hace para que te den la beca? — what do you have to do to get the scholarship?
¿cómo hacen para vivir con ese sueldo? — how do they manage to live on that salary?
hacerle a algo — (Chi, Méx fam)
hacer y deshacer — to do as one pleases, do what one likes
b) (+ compl)hiciste bien en decírmelo — you did o were right to tell me
mamá, ya hice! — (esp AmL) Mommy, I've been o I've finished!
hacer de cuerpo or de vientre — (frml) to have a bowel movement (frml)
3) (fingir, simular)hizo como que no me había visto — he made out o pretended he hadn't seen me
haz como si no supieras nada — act as if o pretend you don't know anything about it
4) ( servir)hacer de algo: esta sábana hará de toldo this sheet will do for o as an awning; la escuela hizo de hospital — the school served as o was used as a hospital
5) ( interpretar personaje)hacer de algo/alguien — to play (the part of) something/somebody
hacía de `malo' — he played the bad guy
6) (+ compl) ( sentar) (+ me/te/le etc)la trucha me hizo mal — (AmL) the trout didn't agree with me
7) ( corresponder)8)no le hace — ( no tiene importancia) it doesn't matter; ( no sirve de excusa) that's no excuse
¿no le hace que tire la ceniza aquí? — do you mind if I drop the ash here?
9) (en 3a pers) (frml) (tocar, concernir)por lo que hace a or en cuanto hace a su solicitud — as far as your application is concerned
10) (Esp fam) ( apetecer)3.¿(te) hace una cerveza? — care for a beer?, do you fancy a beer? (BrE colloq)
hacer v impers1)hace frío/calor/sol/viento — it's cold/hot/sunny/windy
b) (fam & hum)hace sed ¿verdad? — it's thirsty weather/work, isn't it?
parece que hace hambre — you/they seem to be hungry
¿cuánto hace que se fue? — how long ago did she leave?
hace poco/un año — a short time/a year ago
4.hacía años que no lo veía — I hadn't seen him for o in years
1) hacerse v pron2) ( producirse)hágase la luz — (Bib) let there be light; (+ me/te/le etc)
se le ha hecho una ampolla — she's got o she has a blister
hacérsele algo a alguien — (Méx)
por fin se le hizo ganar el premio — she finally got to win the award
3)a) (refl) ( hacer para sí) <café/falda> to make oneselfb) (caus) ( hacer que otro haga)4) ( causarse)¿qué te hiciste en el brazo? — what did you do to your arm?
¿te hiciste daño? — did you hurt yourself?
todavía se hace pis/caca — (fam) she still wets/messes herself
6) (refl) ( adquirir) to make7)a) (volverse, convertirse en) to becomehacerse famoso/monja — to become famous/a nun
se están haciendo viejos — they are getting o growing old
b) (impers)se está haciendo tarde — it's getting late; (+ me/te/le etc)
c) ( cocinarse) pescado/guiso to cookd) (AmL) ( pasarle a)¿qué se habrá hecho María? — what can have happened to María?
8) ( resultar)esto se hace muy pesado — this gets very boring; (+ me/te/le etc)
9) ( dar impresión de) (+ me/te/le etc)se me hace que está ofendida — I get the feeling o impression that she's upset
se me hace que va a llover — I think o I have a feeling it's going to rain
hacérsele a alguien — (Chi fam) to back out
10) (caus)hacerse + inf: hazte respetar make people respect you; el desenlace no se hizo esperar the end was not long in coming; un chico que se hace querer a likable kid; se hizo construir una mansión he had a mansion built; hazte ver por un médico — (AmL) go and see a doctor
11) ( acostumbrarse)hacerse a algo/+ inf — to get used to something/-ing
12) ( fingirse)¿éste es bobo o se (lo) hace? — (fam) is this guy stupid or just a good actor? (colloq)
no te hagas el sordo — don't pretend o act as if you didn't hear me
yo me hice — (Méx fam) I pretend not to notice
13) ( moverse) (+ compl) to movehacerse atrás/a un lado — to move back/to one side
14) hacerse con15) hacerse de (AmL)tengo que hacerme de dinero — I must get o lay my hands on some money
* * *= accomplish, design (for/to), be up to, cause, conduct, do, devise, produce, render, compose, make, get (a)round to, make out, get round to, brew.Ex: If a library prefers to simplify records in particular areas, this can usually be accomplished by not entering particular types of information.
Ex: In lists designed for international use a symbolic notation instead of textual notes may be used.Ex: When I saw what he was up to, I drew back for a punch and hit him so hard on the nose that he fell on his back and lay there for some time, so that his wife stood over him and cried out 'Mercy! You've done my husband in!'.Ex: As usage of the language causes terms to become anachronistic, or as increases in our level of awareness reveal undesirable connotations, we seek to change subject heading terms.Ex: Obviously, this tagging must be conducted manually.Ex: In all these cases where scientists studied what crafstmen knew how to do the resulting benefits have accrued to science not to technology.Ex: Special classification schemes are generally devised for an application in which no major general scheme is suitable.Ex: The present OCLC system does not produce catalog cards in sets, but if it did it could produce over 6,000 different sets for one title.Ex: So strongly was it felt by proponents of change that just such unconscious biases rendered libraries 'part of the problem, instead of the solution'.Ex: There have never been any attempts to compose a bibliography of US government documents relating to international law.Ex: This concept comes mainly from the military, where a designated number of troops make a squad, a platoon, a regiment, etc..Ex: The article is entitled 'A list of lists of Web sites to check out: getting organized and getting around to it are two different things'.Ex: The cards for those headings should be removed from the index and new cards made out if necessary.Ex: The government have been making noises about it for some time but haven't quite got round to it.Ex: The goddess owned a potent magick cauldron in which she planned to brew a special liquid for her ugly son.* acceder haciendo clic = click.* acusación + hacer = accusation + level.* aguja de hacer croché = crochet hook, crochet needle.* aguja de hacer ganchillo = crochet hook, crochet needle.* aguja de hacer punto = knitting needle.* algo diverto que hacer = fun thing to do.* Algo que se hace para matar el tiempo = time filler.* al hacer esto = by so doing, in so doing, by doing so, in doing so.* a medio hacer = halfway done, half done.* anunciado desde hace tiempo = long-heralded.* aprender haciendo = learn by + doing.* batir hasta hacer espuma = work up + a lather.* ¡bien hecho! = the way to go!.* buscar una forma de hacer (algo) = develop + way + to make + Nombre.* contenedor para hacer compost = compost bin.* continuar con el buen hacer = keep up + the good work, keep up + the great work.* continuar haciendo algo = get on with + Nombre.* cuando hace frío = in the cold.* cumplido hace tiempo = long overdue.* decidir hacer = spring for.* decidir qué hacer con = make + disposition of.* de hace años = of years ago.* de hace muchos años = long-standing.* de hace mucho tiempo = age-old, long-lost.* de hace siglos = of yore.* de hace varios siglos = centuries-old.* dejar de hacer huelga = cross + the picket line.* dejar que Alguien haga las cosas a su manera = let + Nombre + do things + Posesivo + (own) way.* dejar sin hacer = leave + undone.* desde hace algún tiempo = for some time past, for days.* desde hace años = over the years, for years past, for years.* desde hace la tira (de tiempo) = for yonks, for yonks and yonks.* desde hace muchísimo tiempo = in ages (and ages and ages).* desde hace muchos años = for years.* desde hace mucho tiempo = for ages, long-time [longtime], long since, in ages (and ages and ages).* desde hace siglos = for yonks, for yonks and yonks.* desde hace tanto tiempo = so long.* desde hace tiempo = long [longer -comp., longest -sup.], over the years, for a long time, long since, for some time.* desde hace un montonazo de tiempo = for yonks and yonks.* desde hace un montón de tiempo = for yonks.* desde hace un par de + Tiempo = in these past couple of + Tiempo.* desde hace varios años + Presente = for several years + Pretérito Perfecto.* desde hace ya algún tiempo = for some time now.* desde hace ya años = for years now.* difícil de hacer = hard to do.* donde fueres haz lo que vieres = when in Rome (do as the Romans do).* dos entuertos no hacen un derecho = two wrongs do not make a right.* el que las hace, las paga = you've made your bed, now you must lie in it!.* encargado de hacer el presupuesto = budgetmaker.* esfuerzo + hacer sudar = work up + a lather.* es más fácil decirlo que hacerlo = easier said than done.* esperado hace tiempo = overdue.* esperar sin nada que hacer = kick + Posesivo + heels.* establecido desde hace tiempo = long-established.* estar haciendo = be up to.* estar haciendo Algo = have + Nombre + on the go.* estar haciendo algo que no se debe = be up to no good.* estar sin hacer nada = sit + idle, stand + idle.* existir desde hace años = be around for years.* frotar hasta hacer espuma = lather.* hace algunos años = some years ago.* hace algún tiempo = some time ago, a while back, some while ago, sometime back.* hace años = years ago.* hace demasiado tiempo = too long ago.* hacer huir en batalla = route.* hace la tira (de tiempo) = yonks, yonks and yonks.* hace miles de años = aeons ago.* hace muchas lunas = all those many moons ago, many moons ago.* hace muchísimos años = a great many years ago.* hace muchísimo tiempo = ages (and ages) ago, aeons ago, yonks.* hace muchos años = many years ago.* hace mucho tiempo = long since, all those many moons ago, many moons ago.* hace muy poco tiempo = a short time ago.* hace + Número + años = Número + years ago.* hace poco tiempo = a short time ago.* hacer a Alguien pasar vergüenza = embarrass.* hacer a Alguien precavido = put + Nombre + on + Posesivo + guard.* hacer abono orgánico = compost.* hacer acampada = camp.* hacer accesible a través de = make + available through.* hacer ademanes = flail about, gesticulate.* hacer aflorar = bring to + the surface.* hacer aflorar sentimientos de antagonismo = bring to + the surface + feelings of antagonism.* hacer ágil = limber up.* hacer agua = Negativo + hold + water.* hacer agua(s) = spring + a leak.* hacer a gusto del consumidor = make to + order.* hacer ajustes = make + adjustment.* hacer alarde de = boast, flaunt, brag, show off.* hacer alegaciones = plead.* hacer Algo a hurtadillas = sneak.* hacer algo alocado = do + something footloose and fancy-free.* hacer algo al respecto = do + something about it.* hacer Algo con dificultad = muddle through, plod (along/through).* hacer Algo con mucho esfuerzo = plod (along/through).* hacer algo con respecto a = do + something about.* hacer Algo de cara a la galería = play to + the gallery.* hacer Algo en exceso = push + Nombre + too far.* hacer algo funcionar = make + Nombre + tick.* hacer Algo muy bien = do + an excellent job of, make + an excellent job of.* hacer Algo para la galería = play to + the gallery.* hacer algo poco a poco = eat away at.* hacer algo por amor al arte = labour of love.* hacer Algo por + Posesivo + propia cuenta = make + Posesivo + own arrangements.* hacer Algo posible = make + provision for.* hacer Algo puré = mash.* hacer Algo rápidamente = put together.* hacer Algo realidad = make + Nombre + come true.* hacer Algo sin ser visto = sneak.* hacer Algo sobre la marcha = play + Nombre + by ear.* hacer Algo trocitos = tear + Nombre + to shreds, tear + Nombre + to bits.* hacer algunos comentarios sobre lo que Alguien ha dicho = take + a few cracks at.* hacer alusión a = make + allusion to, make + reference to.* hacer a mano = handcraft.* hacer a medida = custom-make, make to + order.* hacer a medida para satisfacer los requisitos = tailor to + meet the specification.* hacer amigos = win + friends.* hacer amistad = make + friend.* hacer amistad con = make + friends with, befriend.* hacer amistades = friend.* hacer ampollas = blister.* hacer anotaciones = annotate, mark + Nombre + up.* hacer añicos = shatter, blow + Nombre + to bits, smash + Nombre + to bits, tear + Nombre + to bits.* hacer aparecer = cause + display of.* hacer a partir de = make out of.* hacer apología = make + apology.* hacer arreglos florales = arrange + flowers.* hacer artesanalmente = handcraft.* hacer asequible = make + amenable.* hacer atractivo = endear.* hacer a un lado = nudge + Nombre + aside, push aside.* hacer autostop = thumb + a lift, hitch + a ride.* hacer avances = make + headway.* hacer avanzar = nudge + Nombre + forward, push + the frontiers of, nudge + Nombre + along, nudge + Nombre + into, push + the boundaries of.* hacer avanzar el conocimiento = push back + the frontiers of knowledge.* hacer avanzar hacia = nudge + Nombre + toward.* hacer averiguaciones = make + enquiry.* hacer bajar = force down.* hacer balance de = take + stock of.* hacer barrabasadas = play + pranks.* hacer basto = coarsen.* hacer bien = do + good.* hacer borrón y cuenta nueva = start with + a clean slate, cut + Posesivo + losses, turn over + a new leaf.* hacer borroso = blur.* hacer bromas = banter.* hacer bucles = loop.* hacer buenas migas = hit it off.* hacer buen uso de Algo = put to + good use.* hacer bulla = kick up + a stink, kick up + a fuss, raise + a stink, make + a stink (about), make + a racket, make + a row, make + a ruckus, kick up + a row.* hacer bulto = bulge.* hacer búsquedas en = search through.* hacer caca = take + a dump.* hacer caer = oust.* hacer caja = tally up + sales, balance + the cash, reconcile (with), balance + the cash drawer.* hacer caja con = cash in on, ride (on) + Posesivo + coattails.* hacer callar = shush, hush, quieten.* hacer cambiar = swing + Persona.* hacer cambiar las cosas = turn + the tide on.* hacer cambios en la búsqueda = renegotiate + search.* hacer cambios indebidamente = tamper (with).* hacer campaña = campaign, stump, go out on + the road.* hacer cara a = brave.* hacer caso = take + notice, listen (to).* hacer caso a Alguien = take + Posesivo + word for it.* hacer caso (a/de) = pay + attention to.* hacer caso omiso = disregard, brush aside, go + unheeded, fall on + deaf ears, meet + deaf ears, thumb + Posesivo + nose at, dismiss with + the wave of the hand, fly in + the face of, push aside.* hacer caso omiso de = be oblivious of/to.* hacer chanchullos = fiddle.* hacer chatting = chat.* hacer circular = pass around.* hacer circular por = circulate round.* hacer cisco = tear + apart, wipe + the floor with.* hacer coincidir (con) = reconcile (with).* hacer cola = queue up.* hacer colectas = exact + contributions.* hacer comentarios = air + comments.* hacer como el avestruz = bury + Posesivo + head in the sand (like an ostrich), stick + Posesivo + head in the sand.* hacer como si nada = play it + cool.* hacer comparaciones = draw + comparisons, make + comparisons.* hacer comparecer = arraign.* hacer compatible (con) = reconcile (with).* hacer compost = compost.* hacer compras = do + shopping.* hacer comprender = bring + home.* hacer con Alguien lo que Uno quiera = be like putty in + Posesivo + hands.* hacer concesiones = make + allowances.* hacer conjeturas = speculate.* hacer constar = state.* hacer contrabando = smuggle.* hacer copias = make + multiple copies.* hacer copias mediante multicopista por disolvente = spirit duplication.* hacer correr la voz = spread + the word, spread + the good word, pass on + the good word, spread + the news.* hacer cosas = get + things done.* hacer cosquillas = tickle.* hacer creer = lead to + believe, lull + Nombre + into thinking.* hacer crítica = find + fault with.* hacer croché = crochet.* hacer cuadrar (con) = reconcile (with).* hacer cuadrar las cuentas = reconcile + receipts.* hacer cuadras las facturas = reconcile + receipts.* hacer cualquier cosa = do + anything, give + Posesivo + right arm.* hacer cumplir = uphold.* hacer cumplir la disciplina = enforce + discipline.* hacer cumplir la legislación = enforce + legislation.* hacer cumplir la ley = law enforcement, enforce + law, legal enforcement.* hacer cumplir una norma = enforce + standard.* hacer cumplir una política = uphold + policy.* hacer cumplir unas normas = enforce + policy.* hacer daño = do + harm, hurt.* hacer dar vueltas = gyrate.* hacer de = make out of.* hacer de carabina = play + gooseberry.* hacer declamaciones = declaim.* hacer dedo = hitch + a ride, thumb + a lift.* hacer de la noche día = burn + the candle at both ends.* hacer del mismo molde = cast in + the same mould as.* hacer de nuevo = redo [re-do], remake.* hacer de + Posesivo + parte = do + Posesivo + bit.* hacer derretir el hielo = de-ice [deice].* hacer desaparecer = eradicate, dispel, banish.* hacer desaparecer una división = blur + division.* hacer desaparecer un mito = dispel + myth.* hacer descuento = discount.* hacer desfilar = parade.* hacer detonar = detonate.* hacer de tripas corazón = bite + the bullet.* hacer diabluras = play + pranks.* hacer diana = hit + home.* hacer difícil = make + it + difficult, make + difficult.* hacer dinero = make + money.* hacer dudar = make + Nombre + doubt, misgive.* hacer eco = echo, resonate.* hacer eco de = echo.* hacer efectivo = cash in.* hacer efectivo en metálico = pay in + cash.* hacer ejercicio físico = work out.* hacer ejercicios de calentamiento = limber up.* hacer el aire irrespirable = choke + the air.* hacer el amor = make + love.* hacer el avío = get + ready.* hacer el balance de cuentas = balance + the cash, balance + the cash drawer.* hacer el cambio = make + the change.* hacer el chorra = pissing into the wind.* hacer el deber de Uno = do + Posesivo + part.* hacer el dobladillo = hem.* hacer elección = make + choices.* hacer el esfuerzo necesario = pull + Posesivo + (own) weight.* hacer el indio = horse around/about.* hacer el intento = have + a go, give + it a shot, give + Nombre + a try, have + a stab at, take + a stab at, make + a stab at, give + it a whirl, give + it a try.* hacer el mal = do + evil.* hacer el mejor uso de = make + the best of.* hacer el monigote = fool around.* hacer el paripé = keep up + facade, put on + an act.* hacer el pasillo = form + a guard of honour.* hacer el pasillo de honor = form + a guard of honour.* hacer el recorrido normal = make + the rounds.* hacer el ridículo = make + a fool of + Reflexivo, make + an arse of + Reflexivo, make + a spectacle of + Reflexivo.* hacer el testamento = testate.* hacer el tonto = fool around, horse around/about.* hacer el último esfuerzo = go + the last mile, go + the extra mile.* hacer encaje = tat.* hacer encaje de bolillos = do + the impossible, jump through + hoops, double over + backwards.* hacer encaje de bolillos para que cuadre Algo = juggle.* hacer encargos = run + errands.* hacer enemigos = make + enemies.* hacer entender = get across.* hacer erupción = erupt.* hacer escala = stop over.* hacer eses = zigzag.* hacer esperar = cool + Posesivo + heels.* hacer espuma = work up + a lather, froth.* hacer esquina con = form + right angles with.* hacer estallar = spark, ignite, touch off, blow up, let off.* hacer estallar en añicos = blow + sky high.* hacer estallar una bomba = bomb.* hacer estallar un guerra = ignite + war.* hacer esto = go along + this road.* hacer esto y aquello de un modo relajado = mess about, pootle, piddle around.* hacer esto y aquello de un modo relajado = mess around.* hacer esto y aquello sin prisas = pootle.* hacer estragos = lay + waste to, create + havoc, wreak + havoc, cause + havoc, take + Posesivo + toll (on).* hacer estragos en = play + havoc with.* hacer estrías = rifle.* hacer exenciones = make + exemptions.* hacer experimentos = institute + experiments.* hacer explícito = make + explicit.* hacer explotar = blow up.* hacer extensivo + Posesivo + agradecimiento = extend + Posesivo + thanks.* hacer factible = make + feasible.* hacer falta = need, must, have to, it + take.* hacer flexible = limber up.* hacer fortuna = make + Posesivo + fortune, make + a fortune, strike + it rich, strike + gold, hit + the jackpot.* hacer fotocopias = photoduplication [photo-duplication].* hacer fotografía = make + picture.* hacer fracasar = foil, derail.* hacer frente = combat, come to + terms with, contain, address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on, engage.* hacer frente a = confront, deal with, face, face up to, meet, cope with, wrestle with, stand up to, brave, breast, address.* hacer frente a deudas = meet + debts.* hacer frente a gastos = meet + expenses.* hacer frente a la delincuencia = tackle + crime.* hacer frente a la inflación = combat + inflation.* hacer frente a la realidad = confront + reality, face + (the) facts, face + (up to) the fact that, face + reality.* hacer frente a la realidad (de que) = face + the truth (that).* hacer frente a las diferencias = face + differences.* hacer frente a la situación = tackle + situation.* hacer frente a la vida = cope.* hacer frente al cambio = manage + change.* hacer frente al futuro = face up to + the future.* hacer frente al hecho de que = face + (up to) the fact that.* hacer frente a los elementos = brave + the elements.* hacer frente a los hechos = face + facts.* hacer frente a tiempos difíciles = cope with + difficult times, cope with + difficult times.* hacer frente a una amenaza = address + threat.* hacer frente a una crisis = face + crisis, meet + crisis.* hacer frente a una incertidumbre = meet + uncertainty.* hacer frente a una necesidad = meet + need, serve + need.* hacer frente a una responsabilidad = meet + responsibility, face up to + responsibility.* hacer frente a un cambio = meet + change.* hacer frente a un gasto = meet + cost.* hacer frente a un problema = attack + problem, combat + problem, wrestle with + problem.* hacer frente a un reto = rise (up) to + challenge, confront + challenge, meet + challenge, embrace + challenge.* hacer fresco = be cool.* hacer funcionar = service, do + the trick.* hacer gala de = sport.* hacer gala del conocimiento que uno tiene = air + knowledge.* hacer ganchillo = crochet.* hacer garabatos = scribble, scrawl, doodle.* hacer girar = twiddle, twirl.* hacer gozar = delight.* hacer gracia = tickle + Posesivo + fancy.* hacer grandes esfuerzos por = take + (great) pains to.* hacer grandes progresos = make + great strides.* hacer guardar silencio = shush.* hacer hasta la presente = do + all along.* hacer hidrófugo = render + water-repellent.* hacer hincapié = emphasise [emphasize, -USA].* hacer hincapié en = put + a premium on.* hacer hincapié en una idea = hammer + point.* hacer historia = make + history, history in the making, go down in + history.* hacer honor al nombre de Uno = live up to + Posesivo + name.* hacer horas extraordinarias = work + overtime.* hacer horas extras = work + overtime.* hacer hueco = make + room (for).* hacer huelga = strike.* hacer huella = leave + an impression, touch + Posesivo + life, leave + Posesivo + mark, cut + a swath(e), leave + an imprint, make + an impression.* hacer huir = drive away, chase + Nombre + off.* hacer imaginar = conjure up + an image of, conjure up + a vision of.* hacer impermeable = render + water-repellent.* hacer inalterable = set in + stone, set in + tablets of stone.* hacer incomprensible = render + incomprehensible, garble.* hacer indescifrable = render + indecipherable, garble.* hacer innecesario = obviate + the need for, make + redundant.* hacer insinuaciones = make + innuendoes.* hacer insinuaciones sobre = make + noises about, make + a noise about.* hacer insoluble = render + insoluble.* hacer inutilizable = render + useless.* hacer juego con = go with.* hacer juegos malabares = juggle.* hacer juegos malabares para que cuadre Algo = juggle.* hacer justicia = do + justice.* hacer la cama = make + the bed.* hacer la cuenta = tot up, tote up.* hacer la guerra = make + war.* hacer (la) mona = play + hooky, play + truant, skip + class.* hacer la paz = make + (the) peace.* hacer la pelota = butter + Nombre + up, toady, fawn (on/upon/over).* hacer la pelota a + Alguien = curry + favour with + Alguien.* hacer la pelotilla = toady, butter + Nombre + up.* hacer la prueba = give + it a whirl, give + it a shot, give + it a try.* hacer largos = swim + laps.* hacer las leyes más estrictas = tighten + laws.* hacer las maletas = pack up, pack + Posesivo + belongings, pack + Posesivo + things, pack + Posesivo + suitcases, pack + Posesivo + bags.* hacer las paces = heal + the breach, heal + the rift, bury + the hatchet, make + (the) peace, smoke + the peace pipe, smoke + the pipe of peace, bury + the tomahawk, bury + the war axe.* hacer la transición = make + the transition.* hacer la vida imposible = make + life hell.* hacer la vista gorda = look + the other way, turn + a blind eye to, pretend + not to have seen.* hacerle a Alguien un lavado de cerebro = brainwash.* hacerle las cosas fáciles a Alguien = play into + the hands of.* hacerle la vida más simple a todos = simplify + life for everyone.* hacerle una paja a un muerto = flog + a dead horse, beat + a dead horse, fart + in the wind.* hacerle un bombo a Alguien = knock + Alguien + up.* hacer llamada telefónica = make + telephone call.* hacer llorar = reduce + Nombre + to tears.* hacer llorar de emoción = move + Nombre + to tears.* hacerlo = do so, go ahead.* hacerlo bien = put + matters + right, get + it + right, be right on track.* hacer lo correcto = do + the right thing.* hacerlo de nuevo = go and do it again.* hacerlo difícil de + Infinitivo = make + it + hard to + Infinitivo.* hacer lo imposible = bend over backwards, do + the impossible, lean over + backwards, double over + backwards.* hacer lo imposible para = jump through + hoops.* hacerlo lo mejor que uno pueda = do + Posesivo + utmost, give + Posesivo + utmost, give + Posesivo + best.* hacerlo mal = get + it + (all) wrong.* hacer lo más acertado dadas las circunstancias = do + the best thing in the circumstances.* hacerlo más llevadero = make + life easier.* hacerlo mejor = do + a better job.* hacer lo mejor que Uno pueda = put + Posesivo + best into, give of + Posesivo + best.* hacer lo mejor que Uno puede = try + Posesivo + best, try + Posesivo + heart out.* hacerlo por uno mismo = do + it + on + Posesivo + own.* hacer lo que a Uno le de la gana = get away with + murder.* hacer lo que le corresponde a Uno = do + Posesivo + part.* hacer lo que uno dice que es capaz de hacer = live up to + Posesivo + claim.* hacer lo que Uno quiera = get away with + murder.* hacer los deberes = do + homework.* hacerlo sin la ayuda de nadie = do + it + on + Posesivo + own.* hacerlo solo = do + it + on + Posesivo + own.* hacer los primeros pinitos = take + the first step.* hacerlo todo excepto = stop at + nothing short of.* hacerlo todo menos = stop at + nothing short of.* hacer malabarismos = juggle.* hacer malabarismos para que cuadre Algo = juggle.* hacer mandados = run + errands.* hacer maravillas = work + wonders.* hacer más consciente de Algo = heighten + awareness.* hacer más copias de Algo = produce + additional copies.* hacer más eficiente = streamline.* hacer más estricto = tighten.* hacer más fuerte = toughen.* hacer más inteligente = smarten.* hacer más interesante = spice up, add + spice.* hacer más preciso = tightening up.* hacer más rico = add + richness to.* hacer más riguroso = tighten, tightening up.* hacer más sabroso = pep up.* hacer más sofisticado = dumb up.* hacer mejor = give + Nombre + an edge.* hacer mejoras = make + improvements.* hacer mella = take + Posesivo + toll (on), leave + an impression, touch + Posesivo + life, leave + Posesivo + mark, cut + a swath(e), leave + an imprint, make + an impression, hit + home.* hacer mella en = dent, make + a dent in, take + a bite out of.* hacer mención de/a = make + mention of.* hacer mezcla = mix + cement.* hacer milagros = work + wonders, work + miracles.* hacer mucha ilusión = be thrilled.* hacer mucho = do + much.* hacer mucho dinero = make + good money, earn + good money.* hacer mucho por = go + a long way (towards/to/in) + Gerundio.* hacer muchos aspavientos por Algo = make + a song and dance about.* hacer mucho tiempo que Algo ha desaparecido = be long gone.* hacer necesario = render + necessary.* hacer negocio = make + business.* hacer negocios = do + business, transact.* hacer + Nombre + llegar hasta aquí = get + Nombre + this far.* hacer + Nombre + responsable de = put + Nombre + in the driving seat.* hacer notar = bring to + Posesivo + attention, bring to + the attention, mark, note, bring to + notice, bring + attention to, bring to + Posesivo + notice.* hacer notar la presencia de = make + Posesivo + presence felt, make + Posesivo + presence known.* hacer novillos = play + hooky, skip + class, play + truant, bunk off, bunk + classes, skive, bunk + school.* hacer nudos = knot.* hacer objeciones contra = urge against.* hacer observaciones = comment on/upon.* hacer obsoleto = make + redundant.* hacer oídos sordos = turn + a deaf ear to.* hacer ordinario = coarsen.* hacer pagar tributos = exact + tributes.* hacer palmas = clap.* hacer paradas = make + stops.* hacer parecer = make + seem, make + Nombre + out to be.* hacer parecer pequeño = dwarf.* hacer partícipe = engage.* hacer pasajero = render + transitory.* hacer patochadas = fool around.* hacer payasadas = fool around.* hacer pedazos = shatter, smash + Nombre + to bits.* hacer peligrar = place + in jeopardy, imperil, endanger, pose + risk.* hacer pensar = provoke + thought, make to + think, lull + Nombre + into thinking, summon up + image.* hacer pensar en = conjure, conjure up + a picture of, bring to + mind, conjure up + an image of, conjure up, conjure up + a vision of.* hacer pequeños ajustes = tinker + around the edges, tinker with.* hacer perder el conocimiento = knock + Nombre + out, knock + Nombre + unconscious.* hacer perder el entusiasmo = dampen + Posesivo + enthusiasm.* hacer perder el sentido a = make + nonsense of.* hacer perder la agilidad física = stale.* hacer perder la agilidad mental = stale.* hacer perder las esperanzas = dampen + Posesivo + hopes.* hacer permanente = render + permanent.* hacer ping = ping.* hacer pipí = pee.* hacer pis = piss, pee, take + a leak, have + a leak, widdle, piddle.* hacer planes = plan, make + plans.* hacer poca distinción entre... y... = make + little distinction between... and....* hacer poco = do + little.* hacer popular = popularise [popularize, -USA].* hacer por encargo = make to + order.* hacer + Posesivo + agosto = make + a killing.* hacer + Posesivo + necesidades = relieve + Reflexivo, go + potty.* hacer + Posesivo + trabajo = get on with + Posesivo + work, do + Posesivo + business.* hacer posible = enable, provide for, make + possible, provide + a basis for, make + an opportunity.* hacer posible el crecimiento = accommodate + growth.* hacer preguntas = ask + questions, interrogate, air + questions, make + enquiry.* hacer preparativo = make + arrangements.* hacer preso = imprison, jail [gaol, -UK].* * *■ hacer (verbo transitivo)A1 crear2 extender: cheque, factura etcB efectuar, llevar a caboC formular, expresarD con las necesidades fisiológicasE adquirir: dinero, amigos etcF preparar, arreglarG1 producir, causar2 refiriéndose a sonidosH recorrerI en cálculos, enumeracionesA1 ocuparse en una actividad2 como profesión, ocupación3 estudiarB1 actuar de cierta manera2 dar cierto uso3 causar dañoC actuar comoD hacer una vidaE sustituyendo a otro verboF afectar, importarA transformar en, volverB dar apariencia deC inducir a, ser la causa de queD obligar aE hacer hacer algoF acostumbrarG suponer, imaginar■ hacer (verbo intransitivo)A1 obrar, actuar2 hacer bien, mal etcB con las necesidades fisiológicasC fingir, simularD intentar, procurarE servirF interpretar un personajeA1 sentarle bien, mal2 quedar, resultarB corresponderC no le haceD en tercera persona: concernirE apetecer■ hacer (verbo impersonal)A1 refiriéndose al tiempo2 familiar humorísticoB expresando el tiempo transcurrido■ hacerse (verbo pronominal)A producirseB1 hacer para sí2 hacer que otro hagaC causarseD con las necesidades fisiológicasE adquirirA1 volverse, convertirse en2 impersonal3 cocinarse4 pasarle (a algn)B resultarC dar la impresión deD causativoE acostumbrarseF fingirseG1 moverse2 colocarseH hacerse conI hacerse devtA1 (crear) ‹mueble› to make; ‹casa/carretera› to build; ‹nido› to build, make; ‹coche› to make, manufacture; ‹dibujo› to do, draw; ‹lista› to make, draw up; ‹resumen› to do, make; ‹película› to make; ‹vestido/cortina› to make; ‹pan/pastel› to make, bake; ‹vino/café/tortilla› to make; ‹cerveza› to make, brewles hace toda la ropa a los niños she makes all the children's clotheshacer un nudo/lazo to tie a knot/bowhazme un plano de la zona do o draw me a map of the areame hizo un lugar or sitio en la mesa he made room o a place for me at the tablele hizo un hijo ( fam); he got her pregnanthacen una pareja preciosa they make a lovely couple2 (extender) ‹cheque/factura/receta› to make out, write out, writeme hizo un cheque she wrote o made me out a checkB (efectuar, llevar a cabo) ‹sacrificio› to make; ‹milagro› to work, perform; ‹deberes/ejercicios› to do; ‹transacción› to carry out; ‹experimento› to do, perform; ‹limpieza› to doestaban haciendo los preparativos para el viaje they were making preparations for o they were preparing for the journeyme hicieron una visita they paid me a visit, they came and visited mehicieron una gira por Europa they went on o did a tour of Europehicimos el viaje sin parar we did the journey without stoppingme hizo un regalo precioso she gave me a beautiful gifttengo que hacer los mandados I have some errands to run¿me haces un favor? will you do me a favor?me hizo señas para que me acercara she motioned to me to come closerhicimos un trato we did o made a dealhago un papel secundario en la obra I have a minor part in the playaún queda mucho por hacer there is still a lot (left) to doC (formular, expresar) ‹declaración/promesa/oferta› to make; ‹proyecto/plan› to make, draw up; ‹crítica/comentario› to make, voice; ‹pregunta› to asknadie hizo ninguna objeción nobody raised any objections, nobody objectednos hizo un relato de sus aventuras he related his adventures to us, he gave us an account of his adventuresD(con las necesidades fisiológicas): hace dos días que no hago caca ( fam); I haven't been for two days ( euph)hacer sus necesidades ( euf); to go to the bathroom o toiletE (adquirir) ‹dinero/fortuna› to make; ‹amigo› to makehicieron muchas amistades en Chile they made a lot of friends in ChileF (preparar, arreglar) ‹cama› to make; ‹maleta› to packtengo que hacer la comida I must get lunch (ready) o cook lunchhice el pescado al horno I did o cooked the fish in the ovenG1 (producir, causar) ‹ruido› to makeeste jabón no hace espuma this soap doesn't latheresos chistes no me hacen gracia I don't find those jokes funnyestos zapatos me hacen daño these shoes hurt my feetlos perros hacen `guau guau' dogs go `bow-wow'el agua hacía glugluglú en los caños the water gurgled o made a gurgling noise in the pipes¿cómo hace el coche del abuelo? how does Grandpa's car go?, what noise does Grandpa's car make?H (recorrer) ‹trayecto/distancia› to dohicimos los 500 kilómetros en cuatro horas we did o covered the 500 kilometers in four hoursI(en cálculos, enumeraciones): son 180 … y 320 hacen 500 that's 180 … and 320 is o makes 500el visitante que hacía el número mil the thousandth visitorhace el número 26 en la lista she is o comes 26th on the listA1 (ocuparse en una actividad) to do¿no tienes nada que hacer? don't you have anything to do?ya terminé ¿qué hago ahora? I've finished, what shall I do now?no hace más que or sino quejarse she does nothing but complain, all she ever does is complainno hice más que or sino cumplir con mi deber I only o merely did my dutyle gustaría hacer teatro she would like to work in the theaterestán haciendo una obra de Ibsen they're doing o putting on a play by Ibsendeberías hacer ejercicio you should exercise, you should do o get some exercise¿hace algún deporte? do you go in for o play o do any sports?no estaba haciendo turismo, sino en viaje de negocios I wasn't there on vacation ( AmE) o ( BrE) on holiday, it was a business trip2 (como profesión, ocupación) to do¿qué hace su novio? — es médico what does her boyfriend do? — he's a doctor3 (estudiar) to dohace Derecho she's doing o studying o reading Lawhizo un curso de contabilidad he did an accountancy coursehizo la carrera de Filosofía she did a degree in philosophy o a philosophy degree, she studied philosophyB1 (actuar de cierta manera, realizar cierta acción) to doyo en tu caso habría hecho lo mismo in your situation I would have done the sameperdona, lo hice sin querer I'm sorry, I didn't do it on purposehaz lo que quieras do what you likeaquí se hace lo que digo yo I'm in charge around here, around here what I say goes¡niño, eso no se hace! you mustn't do that!haré lo posible por hablar con él I'll do all o everything I can to speak to him¡qué se le va a hacer! or ¡qué le vamos a hacer! what can you o ( frml) one do?no puedes aceptar — ¡qué le voy a hacer! no me queda más remedio you can't accept — what else can I do? I've no choicehacerla ( Méx fam): ya la hizo: lo nombraron director now he's really made it: he's been appointed directorsi le gano al sueco ya la hice if I can beat the Swede I'll have it in the bag ( colloq)la hicieron bien y bonita con ese negocio they did really well out of that dealhacerla (buena) ( fam): ¡ahora sí que la hice! me dejé las llaves dentro now I've (really) done it! I've left the keys inside¡ya la hicimos! se pinchó la rueda that's done it! o now, we're in trouble, we've got a flathacérsela buena a algn ( Méx); to keep one's word o promise to sbse la hizo buena y se casó con ella he kept his word o promise and married hersoñé que te sacabas la lotería — ¡házmela buena! I dreamed you won the lottery — if only! o if only it would come true!mañana dejo de fumar — ¡házmela buena! I'm going to give up smoking tomorrow — oh, please! o if only you would!2 (dar cierto uso, destino, posición) to do¿qué vas a hacer con el dinero del premio? what are you going to do with the prize money?no sé qué hice con los recibos I don't know what I did with the receiptsy el libro ¿qué lo hice? (CS fam); what did I do with the book?3(causar daño): hacerle algo a algn to do sth to sbno le tengas miedo al perro, no hace nada don't be frightened of the dog, he won't hurt youyo no le hice nada I didn't touch her o do anything to herno te he contado la última que me hizo I haven't told you the latest thing he did to meC( esp Esp) (actuar como): deja de hacer el tonto/payaso stop acting o playing the fool, stop clowning aroundD(llevar): hacer una vida solitaria/normal to lead a lonely life/normal lifetrata de hacer una vida sana try to lead a healthy lifeE(sustituyendo a otro verbo): toca bien la guitarra — antes lo hacía mejor she plays the guitar well — she used to play o be bettervoy a escribirle — deja, ya lo haré yo I'm going to write to him — don't bother, I'll do itvoy a dimitir — por favor, no lo hagas I'm going to resign — please don't o please, don't do itF( RPl fam) (afectar, importar): la salsa quedó un poco líquida — ¿qué le hace? the sauce came out a bit thin — so what? o what does it matter?eso no le hace nada that doesn't matter at allA (transformar en, volver) to makete hará hombre, hijo mío it will make a man of you, my sonla hizo su mujer he made her his wifeagarró la copa y la hizo añicos contra el suelo he grabbed the glass and smashed it to smithereens on the floorhizo pedazos or trizas la carta she tore the letter into tiny piecesla película que la hizo famosa the movie that made her famouseste hombre me hace la vida imposible this man is making my life impossiblequisiera agradecer a quienes han hecho posible este encuentro I should like to thank (all) those who have made this meeting possiblehacer algo DE algo to turn sth INTO sthhice de mi afición por la cocina una profesión I turned my interest in cooking into a career, I made a career out of my interest in cookinghacer algo DE algn to make sth OF sbquiero hacer de ti un gran actor I want to make a great actor of youB(dar apariencia de): ese vestido te hace más delgada that dress makes you look thinnerel pelo corto te hace más joven short hair makes you look youngerC (inducir a, ser la causa de que) hacer algo/a algn + INF to make sth/sb + INFuna de esas canciones que te hacen llorar one of those songs that make you crytodo hace suponer que fue así everything suggests that o leads one to think that that is what happenedhizo caer al niño he knocked the child overhaga pasar al próximo tell the next person to come in, have the next person come ineso no hizo sino precipitar el desenlace all that did was to hasten the endhacer que algo/algn + SUBJ to make sth/sb + INF¡vas a hacer que pierda la paciencia! you're going to make me lose my temper!esto hace que sus reacciones sean lentas this makes him slow to react, this makes his reactions slowD (obligar a) hacer + INF a algn to make sb + INFme hizo esperar tres horas she kept me waiting for three hoursse lo haré hacer de nuevo I'll make him do it againme hizo abrirla or me la hizo abrir he made me open itme hizo levantar(me) a las cinco she made me get up at fivehacer que algn + SUBJ to make sb + INFhizo que todos se sentaran he made everybody sit downEhacer hacer algo to have o get sth donehice acortar las cortinas I had o got the curtains shortenedle hice hacer un vestido para la boda I had o got a dress made for her for the weddingF (acostumbrar) hacer a algn A algo to get sb used o accustomed TO sthpronto la hizo a su manera de trabajar he soon got her used o accustomed to his way of workingG(suponer, imaginar): te hacía en Buenos Aires I thought you were in Buenos Airestiene 42 años — yo la hacía más joven she's 42 — I thought she was younger¡yo que lo hacía casado y con hijos! I had the idea that he was married with children!■ hacerviA1(obrar, actuar): nadie trató de impedírselo, lo dejaron hacer nobody tried to stop him, they just let him get on with ittú no te preocupes, déjame hacer a mí don't you worry, just let me take care of itdéjalo hacer a él, que sabe qué es lo que conviene let him handle it, he knows what's best¿cómo se hace para que te den la beca? how do you go about getting the grant?¿cómo hay que hacer para ponerlo en funcionamiento? what do you have to do to make it work?no me explico cómo hacen para vivir con ese sueldo I don't know how they manage to live on that salaryhacerle a algo (Chi, Méx fam): Enrique le hace a la electricidad Enrique knows a bit o knows something about electricitytienen una empleada que le hace a todo they have a maid who does a bit of everythingya sabes que yo no le hago a esos menesteres you know I don't go in for o do that sort of thinghacer y deshacer to do as one pleases, do what one likes2 (+ complemento):hiciste bien en decírmelo you did o were right to tell mehaces mal en mentir it's wrong of you to liemejor haría callándose she'd do better to keep quietB( esp AmL) (con las necesidades fisiológicas): ¡mamá, ya hice! Mommy, I've been o I've finished!hagan antes de salir go to the bathroom o toilet before we leave, you'd better go before we leave ( euph)hacer de cuerpo or de vientre ( frml); to move one's bowels ( frml), to have a bowel movement ( frml)C(fingir, simular): hizo (como) que no me había visto he made out o pretended he hadn't seen mecuando entre haz (como) que lees when she comes in, make out o pretend you're reading, when she comes in, pretend to be readinghice (como) que no oía I pretended I couldn't hear, I acted as if I couldn't hearhacer COMO SI + SUBJ:haz como si no supieras nada make out o pretend you don't know anything about it, act as if you don't know anything about itD (intentar, procurar) hacer POR + INF to try to + INFtienes que hacer por corregir ese genio you must try to o ( colloq) try and do something about that temper (of yours)tú no haces por entenderla you don't even try to understand herE (servir) hacer DE algo:esta sábana hará de toldo this sheet will do for o as an awningla escuela hizo de hospital the school served as o was used as a hospitalF (interpretar un personaje) hacer DE algo/algn to play (the part of) sth/sbsiempre hace de `malo' he always plays the bad guyhizo de Hamlet he played (the part of) HamletA (+ compl)1 (sentar) (+ me/te/le etc):le va a hacer bien salir un poco it'll do her good to get out a bit¡me hizo tanto bien su visita …! her visit did me such a lot of good …!los mejillones me hicieron muy mal ( AmL); the mussels made me really ill2B (corresponder) hacerle A algo to fit sthesta tapa no le hace al frasco this lid doesn't fit the jaresta llave no le hace a la cerradura this isn't the right key for the lockCno le hace (no tiene importancia) it doesn't matter; (no sirve de excusa) that's no excuse, don't give me that ( colloq)¿no le hace que tire la ceniza en este florero? do you mind if I drop the ash in this vase?D ( en tercera persona) ( frml)(concernir, tocar): por lo que hace a or en cuanto hace a su solicitud as far as your application is concerned, as regards your applicationE( Esp fam) (apetecer): ¿hace or te hace una cerveza? (do you) feel like a beer?, do you fancy a beer? ( BrE colloq)te invito a cenar a un chino ¿hace? — hace I'll take you out to a Chinese restaurant, how does that grab you? — great idea! ( colloq)■A(refiriéndose al tiempo atmosférico): hace frío/calor/sol/viento it's cold/hot/sunny/windyhace tres grados bajo cero it's three degrees below (zero)nos hizo un tiempo espantoso we had terrible weatherojalá haga buen tiempo or ( esp Esp) bueno I hope the weather's fine o nice, I hope it's nice weather2 ( familiar humorístico):hace sed ¿verdad? it's thirsty weather/work, isn't it?parece que hace hambre you/they seem to be hungry¿hace sueño, niños? are you getting sleepy, children?B(expresando el tiempo transcurrido): hace dos años que murió he died two years ago, he's been dead for two years¿cuándo llegaste? — hace un ratito when did you get here? — a short while ago¿cuánto hace que se fue? how long ago did she leave?, how long is it since she left?lo leí hace poco I read it a short time agolo había visto hacía exactamente un año I had seen him exactly one year before¿hace mucho que esperas? have you been waiting long?hace mucho tiempo que lo conozco or lo conozco desde hace mucho tiempo I've known him for a long timehace años que no lo veo or no lo veo desde hace años I haven't seen him for years o it's years since I saw himhacía años que no lo veía I hadn't seen him for o in years, it had been years since I'd seen himhasta hace poco vivían en Austria they lived in Austria until recently■ hacerseA(+ me/te/le etc): se me ha hecho un nudo en el hilo I've got a knot in the thread, the thread has a knot in itsi no lo revuelves se te hacen grumos if you don't stir it, it goes lumpy o forms lumpsse le ha hecho una ampolla she's got o she has a blisterhacérsele a algn ( Méx): por fin se le hizo ganar un campeonato she finally got to win a championshippor fin se le hizo a Mauricio con ella Mauricio finally made it with her ( colloq)B1 ( refl)(hacer para sí): se hace toda la ropa she makes all her (own) clothesse hicieron una casita they built themselves a little house2 ( caus)(hacer que otro haga): se hace la ropa en Roma she has her clothes made in Romese hicieron una casita they had a little house builtse hizo la cirugía estética she had plastic surgeryvoy a hacerme las manos I'm going to have a manicuretienes que hacerte la barba you must get your beard trimmedC(causarse): me hice un tajo en el dedo I cut my finger¿qué te hiciste en el brazo? what did you do to your arm?¿te hiciste daño? did you hurt yourself?D(con las necesidades fisiológicas): todavía se hace pis/caca ( fam); she still wets herself/messes her pantsse hace pis en la cama ( fam); he wets the bedE ( refl)(adquirir): se ha hecho un nombre en el mundo de la moda she's made a name for herself in the fashion worldsólo conseguirás hacerte enemigos si sigues así you'll only make enemies if you keep on like thatA1 (volverse, convertirse en) to becomese quiere hacer monja she wants to become a nunse hizo famoso he became famousse están haciendo viejos they are getting o growing old2 ( impersonal):en invierno se hace de noche muy pronto in winter it gets dark very earlyvamos, se está haciendo tarde come on, it's getting late(+ me/te/le etc): se nos hizo de noche esperándolo it got dark while we were waiting for him3 (cocinarse) «pescado/guiso» to cookdejar que se haga a fuego lento leave to cook over a low heat4( AmL) (pasarle a): no sé qué se habrá hecho María I don't know what can have happened to María o ( colloq) where María can have got(ten) toB(resultar): se hace muy pesado repetir lo mismo tantas veces it gets very boring having to repeat the same thing over and over again(+ me/te/le etc): la espera se me hizo interminable the wait seemed interminablese me hace difícil creerlo I find it very hard to believeC (dar la impresión de) (+ me/te/le etc):se me hace que aquí pasa algo raro I get the feeling o impression that something strange is going on around herese me hace que va a llover I think o I have a feeling it's going to rainse me hace que esta vez vas a tener suerte something tells me o I have a feeling (that) this time you're going to be luckyD ( causativo) hacerse + INF:tienes que hacerte oír/respetar you have to make people listen to you/respect youel desenlace no se hizo esperar the end was not long in comingcuando era actriz se hacía llamar Mónica Duarte when she was an actress she went by the name of Monica Duarte o she used the name Monica Duartees un chico que se hace querer he's a likable kid o a kid you can't help likingse hizo construir una mansión he had a mansion builthazte ver por un médico ( AmL); go and see a doctorE (acostumbrarse) hacerse A algo to get used TO sthno me hago al clima de este país I can't get used to the weather in this countryno consigo hacerme a la idea I can't get used to the ideahacerse A + INF to get used TO -INGno se hace a vivir solo he hasn't got used to living aloneF(fingirse): no te hagas el inocente don't act all innocentseguro que me vio pero se hizo el loco he must have seen me but he pretended he hadn'tno te hagas el sordo don't pretend o make out you didn't hear mese hizo la que no entendía she pretended o she made out she didn't understandG1 (moverse) (+ compl):hacerse atrás to move backhacerse a un lado to move to one side, to move asidehazte para aquí/para allá move over this way/that way2( Col) (colocarse): ¿quieres salir en la foto? — sí ¿dónde me hago? do you want to be in the photo? — yes, where shall I stand/sit?H hacerse con to takeel ejército se hizo con la ciudad the army took the cityse hizo con una fortuna considerable he amassed a considerable fortunetengo que hacerme con esa información como sea I must get hold of that information somehowse hicieron con la empresa they took over the companylograron hacerse con el control de la compañía they managed to gain o get control of the companyno creo que puedan hacerse con la copa I don't think they can win the cup( AmL): se hicieron de gran fama they became very famoustengo que hacerme de dinero I must get o lay my hands on some moneyse han hecho de muchos amigos allí they've made a lot of friends there* * *
Multiple Entries:
hacer
hacer algo
hacer ( conjugate hacer) verbo transitivo
1
‹casa/carretera› to build;
‹ nido› to build, make;
‹ túnel› to make, dig;
‹dibujo/plano› to do, draw;
‹ lista› to make, draw up;
‹ resumen› to do, make;
‹ película› to make;
‹nudo/lazo› to tie;
‹pan/pastel› to make, bake;
‹vino/café/tortilla› to make;
‹ cerveza› to make, brew;
hacen buena pareja they make a lovely couple
estos zapatos me hacen daño these shoes hurt my feet
2
‹ milagro› to work, perform;
‹deberes/ejercicios/limpieza› to do;
‹ mandado› to run;
‹transacción/investigación› to carry out;
‹ experimento› to do, perform;
‹ entrevista› to conduct;
‹gira/viaje› to do;
‹ regalo› to give;
‹ favor› to do;
‹ trato› to make;
aún queda mucho por hacer there is still a lot (left) to do;
dar que hacer to make a lot of work
3 (formular, expresar) ‹declaración/promesa/oferta› to make;
‹proyecto/plan› to make, draw up;
‹crítica/comentario› to make, voice;
‹ pregunta› to ask;
4
◊ hacer caca (fam) to do a poop (AmE) o (BrE) a pooh (colloq);
hacer pis or pipí (fam) to have a pee (colloq);
hacer sus necesidades (euf) to go to the bathroom o toilet (euph)
◊ las vacas hacen `mu' cows go `moo'
5 ( adquirir) ‹dinero/fortuna› to make;
‹ amigo› to make
6 (preparar, arreglar) ‹ cama› to make;
‹ maleta› to pack;◊ hice el pescado al horno I did o cooked the fish in the oven;
tengo que hacer la comida I must make lunch;
ver tb comida b
7 ( recorrer) ‹trayecto/distancia› to do, cover
8 (en cálculos, enumeraciones):◊ son 180 … y 320 hacen 500 that's 180 … and 320 is o makes 500
1
¿hacemos algo esta noche? shall we do something tonight?;
hacer ejercicio to do (some) exercise;
¿hace algún deporte? do you play o do any sports?;
See Also→ amor 1b
◊ ¿qué hace tu padre? what does your father do?
2 (realizar cierta acción, actuar de cierta manera) to do;◊ ¡eso no se hace! you shouldn't do that!;
¡qué le vamos a hacer! what can you o (frml) one do?;
toca bien el piano — antes lo hacía mejor she plays the piano well — she used to play better;
hacerla buena (fam): ¡ahora sí que la hice! now I've really done it!;
See Also→ tonto sustantivo masculino, femenino
1 (transformar en, volver) to make;
hizo pedazos la carta she tore the letter into tiny pieces;
ese vestido te hace más delgada that dress makes you look thinner;
hacer algo de algo to turn sth into sth;
quiero hacer de ti un gran actor I want to make a great actor of you
2a) (obligar a, ser causa de que)
me hizo abrirla he made me open it;
me hizo llorar it made me cry;
hágalo pasar tell him to come in;
me hizo esperar tres horas she kept me waiting for three hours;
hacer que algo/algn haga algo to make sth/sb do sthb)◊ hacer hacer algo to have o get sth done/made;
hice acortar las cortinas I had o got the curtains shortened
verbo intransitivo
1 (obrar, actuar):◊ déjame hacer a mí just let me handle this o take care of this;
¿cómo se hace para que te den la beca? what do you have to do to get the scholarship?;
hiciste bien en decírmelo you did o were right to tell me;
haces mal en mentir it's wrong of you to lie
2 (fingir, simular):
haz como si no lo conocieras act as if o pretend you don't know him
3 ( servir):◊ esta sábana hará de toldo this sheet will do for o as an awning;
la escuela hizo de hospital the school served as o was used as a hospital
4 ( interpretar personaje) hacer de algo/algn to play (the part of) sth/sb
(+ compl) ( sentar):
(+ me/te/le etc)
la trucha me hizo mal (AmL) the trout didn't agree with me
hacer v impers
1 ( refiriéndose al tiempo atmosférico):◊ hace frío/sol it's cold/sunny;
hace tres grados it's three degrees;
(nos) hizo un tiempo espantoso the weather was terrible
2 ( expresando tiempo transcurrido):
hace mucho que lo conozco I've known him for a long time;
hacía años que no lo veía I hadn't seen him for o in years;
¿cuánto hace que se fue? how long ago did she leave?;
hace poco/un año a short time/a year ago;
hasta hace poco until recently
hacerse verbo pronominal
1 ( producirse) (+ me/te/le etc):
se le hizo una ampolla she got a blister;
hacérsele algo a algn (Méx): por fin se le hizo ganar el premio she finally got to win the award
2
se hizo la cirugía estética she had plastic surgery
3 ( causarse):◊ ¿qué te hiciste en el brazo? what did you do to your arm?;
¿te hiciste daño? did you hurt yourself?
4 ( refiriéndose a necesidades fisiológicas):◊ todavía se hace pis/caca (fam) she still wets/messes herself
5 ( refl) ( adquirir) to make;
1
se están haciendo viejos they are getting o growing oldb) ( resultar):
(+ me/te/le etc)
se me hace difícil creerlo I find it very hard to believec) ( impers):
se está haciendo tarde it's getting late
e) (AmL) ( pasarle a):◊ ¿qué se habrá hecho María? what can have happened to María?
2 ( acostumbrarse) hacerse a algo to get used to sth
3 ( fingirse):
¿es bobo o se (lo) hace? (fam) is he stupid or just a good actor? (colloq);
hacerse pasar por algn (por periodista, doctor) to pass oneself off as sb
4 ( moverse) (+ compl) to move;
5
( de amigos) to make
hacer
I verbo transitivo
1 (crear, fabricar, construir) to make
hacer un jersey, to make a sweater
hacer un puente, to build a bridge
2 (una acción) to do: eso no se hace, it isn't done
haz lo que quieras, do what you want
¿qué estás haciendo?, (en este momento) what are you doing?
(para vivir) what do you do (for a living)?
hace atletismo, he does athletics
hacer una carrera/ medicina, to do a degree/ medicine
3 (amigos, dinero) to make
4 (obligar, forzar) to make: hazle entrar en razón, make him see reason
5 (causar, provocar) to make: ese hombre me hace reír, that man makes me laugh
estos zapatos me hacen daño, these shoes are hurting me
no hagas llorar a tu hermana, don't make your sister cry
6 (arreglar) to make
hacer la cama, to make the bed
hacer la casa, to do the housework
7 Mat (sumar, dar como resultado) to make: y con éste hacen cincuenta, and that makes fifty
8 (producir una impresión) to make... look: ese vestido la hace mayor, that dress makes her look older
9 (en sustitución de otro verbo) to do: cuido mi jardín, me gusta hacerlo, I look after my garden, I like doing it
10 (representar) to play: Juan hizo un papel en Fuenteovejuna, Juan played a part in Fuenteovejuna
11 (actuar como) to play: no hagas el tonto, don't play the fool
12 (suponer) te hacía en casa, I thought you were at home
II verbo intransitivo
1 (en el teatro, etc) to play: hizo de Electra, she played Electra
2 ( hacer por + infinitivo) to try to: hice por ayudar, I tried to help
3 (simular) to pretend: hice como si no lo conociera, I acted as if I didn't know him
4 fam (venir bien, convenir) to be suitable: si te hace, nos vamos a verle mañana, if it's all right for you, we'll visit him tomorrow
III verbo impersonal
1 (tiempo transcurrido) ago: hace mucho (tiempo), a long time ago
hace tres semanas que no veo la televisión, I haven't watched TV for three weeks
hace tres años que comenzaron las obras, the building works started three years ago
2 (condición atmosférica) hacía mucho frío, it was very cold
¿To make o to do?
El significado básico del verbo to make es construir, fabricar algo juntando los componentes (aquí hacen unos pasteles maravillosos, they make marvellous cakes here), obligar (hazle callar, make him shut up) o convertir: Te hará más fuerte. It'll make you stronger. También se emplea en expresiones compuestas por palabras tales como dinero ( money), ruido ( a noise), cama ( the bed), esfuerzo ( an effort), promesa ( a promise), c omentario ( a comment), amor ( love), guerra ( war).
El significado del verbo to do es cumplir o ejecutar una tarea o actividad, especialmente tratándose de los deportes y las tareas domésticas: Hago mis deberes por la noche. I do my homework in the evening. ¿Quién hace la plancha en tu casa? Who does the ironing in your house? También se emplea con palabras tales como deber ( duty), deportes ( sports), examen ( an exam), favor ( a favour), sumas ( sums).
' hacer' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abrir
- aclarar
- acopio
- acto
- adelantar
- adelantamiento
- advertir
- alarde
- aliviar
- amagar
- amarrar
- amor
- amortizar
- ampliar
- añicos
- aplanar
- aprecio
- aprender
- aspaviento
- atonía
- autostop
- ayuno
- balance
- broma
- burla
- burrada
- cábala
- caballo
- cabronada
- caca
- cafetera
- caja
- calceta
- calentar
- callar
- calle
- calor
- cama
- capacitar
- capaz
- caso
- castigar
- castillo
- chantaje
- colar
- colada
- colecta
- comecome
- comentar
- como
English:
abort
- abstain
- abuse
- accent
- accentuate
- accepted
- accustom
- act
- advance
- advertise
- afraid
- again
- agitate
- agree
- aim at
- aim to
- air
- all-out
- amenable
- antsy
- apart
- appearance
- arm-twisting
- as
- assert
- attempt
- audition
- authorize
- backup
- bake
- balance
- bandy about
- bed
- begin
- blast
- blind
- blueberry
- blur
- boil
- bonk
- boohoo
- book in
- bounce
- bring in
- bubble
- budget
- bulldoze
- bully
- bundle
- burp
* * *♦ vt1. [elaborar, crear, cocinar] to make;hacer una fiesta to have a party;hacer un vestido/planes to make a dress/plans;hacer un poema/una sinfonía to write a poem/symphony;hacer un nudo to tie a knot;los cristianos creen que Dios hizo al hombre Christians believe that God created mankind;haz un poco más la carne cook the meat a bit longer;Famtu hermano ha hecho una de las suyas your brother has been up to his usual tricks;Fam¡buena la has hecho! you've really gone and done it now!2. [construir] to build;han hecho un edificio nuevo they've put up a new building3. [generar] to produce;el árbol hace sombra the tree gives shade;la carretera hace una curva there's a bend in the road4. [movimientos, sonidos, gestos] to make;le hice señas I signalled to her;hizo un gesto de aprobación con la cabeza she nodded her approval;el gato hace “miau” cats go “miaow”;el reloj hace tic-tac the clock goes tick-tock;hacer ruido to make a noise5. [obtener] [fotocopia] to make;[retrato] to paint; [fotografía] to take6. [realizar] [trabajo, estudios] to do;[viaje] to make; [comunión] to take; [sacrificio] to make; [promesa, oferta] to make; [milagro] to perform; [experimento] to do, to perform; [favor] to do; [pregunta] to ask; [declaración] to make; [crucigrama] to do;hacer una entrevista to do an interview;hacer una entrevista a alguien to interview sb;tengo mucho que hacer I have a lot to do;hoy hace guardia she's on duty today;estoy haciendo segundo I'm in my second year;hago ingeniería I'm doing o studying engineering7. [obrar, realizar una acción] to do;¿qué habré hecho con las llaves? what have I done with the keys?;CSur Famy mis llaves, ¿qué las hice? and my keys, now what did I do with them?;¡le he dicho mil veces que eso no se hace! I've told him time and again that it's wrong to do that!;Famhaz lo que te dé la gana do whatever you want;¿qué haces? vas a romper la bicicleta what are you doing o what do you think you're doing?, you're going to break the bicycle!;¡qué le vamos a hacer! never mind!;8. [practicar] [en general] to do;[tenis, fútbol] to play;debes hacer deporte you should start doing some sport9. [arreglar] [casa, colada] to do;[cama] to make; [maleta] to pack; [uñas] to do; [barba] to trim10. [dar aspecto a] to cause to look o seem;este espejo te hace gordo this mirror makes you look fatla guerra no lo hizo un hombre the war didn't make him (into) a man;hizo pedazos el papel he tore the paper to pieces;hacer de algo/alguien algo to make sth/sb into sth;hizo de ella una buena cantante he made a good singer of herhacer el vándalo to act like a hooligan;hacer el ridículo to make a fool of oneselfme hizo gracia I thought it was funny;un poco de aire fresco le hará bien a bit of fresh air will do her good;Amesos ñoquis me hicieron mal those gnocchi disagreed with me14. Cine & Teatro [papel] to play;[obra] to do, to perform;hace el papel de la hija del rey she plays (the part of) the king's daughter;hoy hacen una obra de Brecht today they're putting on o doing one of Brecht's plays15. [suponer] to think, to reckon;a estas horas yo te hacía en París I thought o reckoned you'd be in Paris by now;te hacía más joven I thought you were younger, I'd have said you were youngerme hizo reír it made me laugh;has hecho que se enfadara you've made him angry;haces que me avergüence you make me ashamed;la tormenta hizo que se cancelara el concierto the storm caused the concert to be called offvoy a hacer teñir este vestido I'm going to have this dress dyed;la hizo callarse he made her shut up19. [cumplir]hizo los cincuenta la semana pasada he was fifty last week, he celebrated his fiftieth birthday last week20. [completar] to make;tres y dos hacen cinco three and two make five;y este huevo hace la docena and this egg makes (it) a dozen;hago el número seis en la lista I'm number six on the list21. [conseguir] to make;hizo una gran fortuna he made a large fortune;hizo muchas amistades en Australia she made a lot of friends in Australia22. [recorrer] to do;¿cuántos kilómetros hiciste ayer? how many kilometres did you do yesterday?;hago dos kilómetros a pie todos los días I walk two kilometres every day23. [referido a necesidades fisiológicas] to do;Euftengo que hacer mis necesidades I have to answer a call of nature;Famlos niños quieren hacer pipí the children want to have a pee24. [sustituyendo a otro verbo] to do;se negó a ir y yo hice lo mismo she refused to go and I did likewise;ya no puedo leer como solía hacerlo I can't read as well as I used to♦ viser el que hace y deshace: en la empresa, él es el que hace y deshace he's the one who calls the shots in the company2.[servir] to serve as, to act as; Cine & Teatro [actuar] to play;hacer de [trabajar] to work as;hace de electricista he's an electrician, he works as an electrician;este tronco hará de asiento this tree trunk will do for somewhere to sit;hace de don Quijote he's playing Don Quixotehaz como que no te importa act as if you don't careharé por verle esta noche I'll try to see him tonighthizo bien dimitiendo she was right to resign;¿cómo hay que hacer para abrir esta caja? how do you open this box?, what do you have to do to open this box?7. Am [necesidades fisiológicas]¿hiciste? have you done anything?;preciso un baño, no hice antes de salir I need to find a bathroom, I didn't go before I came out8. Méx Famhacer(la) buena: [ojalá] [m5]dicen que te sacaste la lotería – ¡házmela buena! they say you've won the lottery – if only!;me ofreció empleo don Paco, voy a ver si me la hace buena Don Paco offered me a job, I'll see if he comes through for mepor las mañanas estudia y en la tarde le hace a la peluquería she studies in the morning and in the afternoon she does hairdressingese tipo le hace a la cocaína that guy does cokele hace al tonto, pero bien que sabe he pretends to be clueless but he knows perfectly well;perdí mi libro – ¡no le hagas! I lost my book – pull the other one! o sure you did!no sé si voy a poder ir – no le hace I don't know if I'll be able to go – it doesn't matter;¿qué le hace? so what?, big deal!♦ v impersonal1. [tiempo meteorológico]hace frío/sol/viento it's cold/sunny/windy;hace un día precioso it's a beautiful day;mañana hará mal tiempo the weather will be bad tomorrowhace mucho a long time ago;hace poco not long ago;hace un rato a short while ago;hace un mes que llegué it's a month since I arrived;no la veo desde hace un año I haven't seen her for a year;¿cuánto hace de eso? how long ago was that?* * *<part hecho>I v/t1 ( realizar) do;¡haz algo! do something!;hacer una pregunta ask a question;tengo que hacer los deberes I have to do my homework; !;no hace más que quejarse all he does is complain;no hay nada que hacer there’s nothing we can do;se hace lo que se puede one does one’s best;¡eso no se hace! that’s just not done!hacer la comida make o cook a meal;hacer que algo ocurra make sth happen3 ( obligar a):hacer que alguien haga algo make s.o. do sth;le hicieron ir they made him go4 ( cumplir):hoy hago veinte años I am twenty today, today is my twentieth birthday5 ( equivaler a):esta botella hace un litro this bottle holds a liter6:¡qué le vamos a hacer! that’s lifeII v/i1:haces bien/mal en ir you are doing the right/wrong thing by going2 ( sentar):me hace mal it’s making me ill3 ( servir de):4 ( fingir):como si act as if5 L.Am.no le hace it doesn’t matter6 L.Am. ( parecer):se me hace que it seems to me that7 ( apetecer):¿hace? fam does that sound good?8:hacer de malo TEA play the villain:hace calor/frío it’s hot/cold;hace tres días three days ago;hace mucho (tiempo) a long time ago, long ago;desde hace un año for a year* * *hacer {40} vt1) : to make2) : to do, to perform3) : to force, to obligelos hice esperar: I made them waithacer vi: to acthaces bien: you're doing the right thinghacer v impershacer frío: to be coldhace viento: it's windy2)hace : agohace mucho tiempo: a long time ago, for a long time3)no le hace : it doesn't matter, it makes no difference4)hacer falta : to be necessary, to be needed* * *hacer vb¿has hecho la cama? have you made your bed?¿qué haces? what are you doing?¿qué hacen tus padres? what do your parents do?¿qué has hecho en el cole hoy? what did you do at school today?¿has hecho los deberes? have you done your homework?¿me haces un favor? can you do me a favour?3. (tiempo meteorológico) to be4. (dar cierto aspecto) to make... look...6. (aparentar) to pretend7. (cumplir años) to be¿hace mucho que esperas? have you been waiting long?hacer el tonto to act the fool / to mess about
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