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41 hinh.Gef.
сокр.воен. hinhaltendes Gefecht -
42 Bedrohung
gef -
43 threat
gef--------gefîn--------gevîn -
44 FMAM
• GEF• global economy• Global Environment Facility• Global Environment Trust Fund -
45 Fondo para el Medio Ambiente Mundial
• GEF• global economy• Global Environment Facility• Global Environment Trust Fund• global expenses• Global Fund• global marketing• Green Fund• green gold• green-eyedDiccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > Fondo para el Medio Ambiente Mundial
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46 tehdit
gef--------hedid--------hereşe -
47 ground equipment failure
GEF, ground equipment failureотказ [выход из строя] наземного оборудованияEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > ground equipment failure
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48 GEFA
* * *(gef; gaf, gáfum; gefinn), v.1) to give (gefa e-m e-t);hann gaf þeim góðar gjafar, he gave them good gifts;gefa e-m ráð, to give one advice;gefa hljóð, to give a hearing;gefa e-m sök, e-t at sök, to lay to one’s charge, to bring a charge against one;gefa slög, to deal blows;gefa e-m drekka, to give one to drink;impers., e-m gefr byr (byri), one gets a fair wind (gaf þeim byr ok sigla þeir í haf);absol., gaf þeim vel, they got a fair wind;ef fœri gefr á, if you get a chance;ef yðr (dat.) gefr eigi missýi í þessu máli, if you are not mistaken in this matter;þat gaf öllum vel skilja, it was clear for all to understand;2) to give, grant;gefa heimleyfi, to grant furlough;gefa e-m grið, to grant quarter or pardon to one;gefa e-m líf, to grant one his life;3) to give in matrimony (ek var ung gefin Njáli);4) to give fodder to cattle, to feed (gefa göltum, nautum, kúm, hestum);5) gefa staðar, to stop;lét hann þá staðar gefa róðrinn, he stopped rowing;6) e-m er e-t svá gefit, or svá gefit um e-t, one is so and so disposed, thinks so and so of a thing (ef þér er þetta svá gefit sem þú segir);7) with preps.:gefa sér litit (mikit) af (or at) e-u, to take little (much) notice of;gefa á e-t, to pour water on;fig. to press on (gefr Ormr þá á);gefa e-m til e-s, to give in return for a thing (gefa fé til sátta);impers., honum hafði vel gefit til (had good luck) um hefndina;gefa sér mikit (lítit) um e-t, to take great (little) interest in (= gefa sér mikit, lítit, af or at e-u);gefa sér fátt um e-t, to take coldly, take little notice of;gefa e-t upp, to give up (gefa upp alla mótstöðu);gefa sik upp, to surrender;gefa upp gamalmenni, to give old people up, let them starve;gefa upp leiguna, to remit the rent;gefa upp sakir, to remit offences;upp gefinn, exhausted;gefa e-t við e-u, to give in payment for;gefa sik við, to give in (þat er líkara, at ek gefa mik við);8) refl., gefast.* * *pret. gaf, 2nd pers. gaft, mod. gafst, pl. gáfu; pres. gef; pret. subj. gæfi; part. gefinn; with neg. suff. gef-at, gaft-attu, Fm. 7; mid. form gáfumk ( dabat or dabant mihi, nobis), Stor. 23, Bragi, Edda: [Goth. giban = διδόναι; A. S. gifan; Engl. give; Dutch geven; O. H. G. gepan; Germ. geben; Swed. gifva; Dan. give.]A. To give, with acc. of the thing, dat. of the person; g. gjafar, to give gifts, Fm. 7, Fms. vii. 40, Nj. 29, Hm. 48; mikit eitt skala manni gefa, 51; hann kvaðsk eingin yxn eiga þau áðr at honum þætti honum gefandi (gerundial, worth giving to him), Rd. 256; hann gaf stórgjafir öllu stórmenni, Ld. 114; hann gaf þeim góðar gjafir at skilnaði, Gísl. 9; Rútr gaf henni hundrað álna, Nj. 7; viltú g. mér þá, 73, 75, 281, passim.II. to give in payment, to pay; gefa vildim vit þér fé til, we will give thee money for it, Nj. 75; yðr væri mikit gefanda (gerundial) til, at þér hefðit ekki íllt átt við Gunnar, you would have given a great deal not to have provoked Gunnar, 98; ek mun g. þér til Guðrúnu dóttur mína ok féit allt, id.: to lay out, hann gaf sumt verðit þegar í hönd, Gísl. 12; gefa e-t við e-u, to pay for a thing; at þér gefit mjök margra Kristinna manna líf við yðvarri þrályndi, that you will cause the loss of many Christian lives with your stubbornness, Fms. iv. 195; þat er líkara at ek gefa mikit við, Nj. 53; gefa sik við e-u, to give oneself to a thing, attend to, be busy about, mod.: gefa í milli, to discount; hygg at hvat þú gefr í milli tveggja systra, Fms. iv. 195 (hence milli-gjöf, discount).III. in special sense, to give in matrimony; Njáll bað konu til handa Högna ok var hon honum gefin, Nj. 120; Vígdís var meir gefin til fjár en brautargengis, V. had been more wedded to the money than to her advancement, Ld. 26; segir at dóttir þeirra muni eigi betr verða gefin, 114:—gefa saman, to betroth, Fms. x. 381:—in mod. sense to marry, of the clergyman.2. to give as a dowry, portion; búum þeim er Sveinn hafði gefit til hennar, Fms. x. 310 (hence til-gjöf, dowry); eigi skal ok í klæðum meira heiman gefask með konu en þriðjungr (hence heiman-gjöf, dowry), Gþl. 212:—so also, gefa í erfðir, to give as inheritance, Bs. i. 285:—gefa ölmusu, to give alms, Bs. passim; gefa fátækum, to give to the poor, passim.IV. to give, grant; hann gaf honum vald yfir öllu landi, Fms. i. 18; gefa heimleyfi, to grant ‘home-leave,’ furlough, ix. 474; gefa orlof, ii. 64; gefa grið, to grant a truce to one, pardon, Nj. 165, Fms. ix. 479; gefa e-m líf, to grant one his life, 470.V. in various phrases; gefa e-m nafn, to give one a name, Nj. 91, Fms. i. 23, Grág. ii. 146; gefa þakkir, to give thanks, Fms. i. 231; gefa e-m tillæti, to indulge one, Nj. 169; gefa e-m rúm, to give place to one, Fms. ii. 254, vi. 195; gefa ráð, to give counsel, advice, Nj. 75, 78; gefa góð orð, to give good words, answer gently; gefa e-m stór orð, to give one big words, Fms. v. 158; gefa slög, to deal blows, ix. 313; gefa gaum at, to give heed to, Nj. 57, Eg. 551; gefa hljóð, to give a hearing, in public speaking, Nj. 230; gefa tóm, to give time, leisure, 98; gefa ró reiði, to calm one’s wrath, 175:—gefa e-m sök, to bring a charge against, complain of, 82; ok gaf ek þó hjálminum enga sök á því, I did not like the helmet less for that, Ld. 128; at eigi sé mælt, at þú gefir dauðum sök, that thou bringest a charge against a dead man (which was unlawful), Nj. 82; en hvártki okkat gefr þat öðru at sök, neither of us likes the other the less for that, 52; ekki gef ek þér þat at sök þótt þú sér engi bleyðimaðr, 54; engi þorði þó sakir á at gefa, none durst complain, Al. 123; Sigurðr jarl bað konung eigi gefa Þrændum þetta at sök, Fms. i. 57; gefa kæru upp á e-n, to give in a complaint against one, Dipl. ii. 13.2. gefa sér um …, to give oneself trouble about, take interest in, mostly followed by a noun; gefa sér fátt um e-t, to take coolly; gefa sér mikit um, to take great interest in; Þorfinnr lét gefa honum mat, en gaf sér lítið at honum, but else took little notice of him, Grett. 96; ekki er þess getið, at hann gæfi sér mikit um, that he shewed great interest, Fms. i. 289; mun ek mér ok ekki um þetta gefa, I will let this pass, not take offence at it, Boll. 354; en ef til mín kæmi tveir eða þrír, þá, gaf ek mér ekki um, then I took no notice of it, Fms. ii. 151; konungr gaf sér fátt um þat, Fb. i. 261; hann þóttisk vita hvat keisaranum mislíkaði ok gaf sér þó ekki um at sinni, Fms. vi. 71; ok gáfu sér ekki um viðbúnaðinn, vii. 87; so also, Skúli gaf sér litið at hvat biskup sagði, S. troubled himself little at what the bishop said, Bs. i. 873:—akin is the mod. phrase, eg gef ekki um það, I do not want it; gefðu ekki um það, do not care for it, mind it not; eg gaf ekki um að sjá það, I did not want to see it, etc.3. gefa staðar, to stop; lét hann þá staðar gefa róðrinn, he stopped rowing, Fms. vi. 384; konungr gaf staðar ok hlýddi til frásagnar þeirra, viii. 400; ok þá er sá íss gaf staðar ok rann eigi, Edda 3; ok þeir gefa eigi stað ferðinni fyrr en þeir kómu norðr, 151 (pref.); svá at staðar gaf (MS. naf) höndin við sporðinn, 40.VI. to give out, deal out; hón bað gefa sér drekka, bade give him to drink, Eg. 604: to give a dose, gefa e-m eitr, Al. 156:—absol. to give fodder to cattle, gefa göltum, Hkv. 2. 37; gefa nautum, kúm, hestum, Sturl. ii. 42, Gísl. 28:—gefa á, to dash over, of sea-water, cp. ágjöf: to pour water on, var gluggr á ofninum syá at útan mátti á gefa, Eb. 134; síðan lét hann gefa útan á baðit í glugg, 136; gefa á ker, to fill a goblet, Clar.: metaph. to press on, gefr Ormr þá á, Fb. i. 530 (in wrestling).VII. with prepp., fyrir-gefa, to forgive, freq. in mod. usage, but scarcely found in old writers; so also gefa til, cp. Dan. tilgive, D. N., vide Safn i. 96, (rare and obsolete):—gefa upp, to give up; gefa upp gamalmenni, to give old people up, let them starve, Fms. ii. 225; gefa upp föður eða móður, 227; bændr báðu hann gefa upp eyna, Grett. 145: to remit, en þó vil ek nú upp gefa þér alla leiguna, Nj. 128; gaf honum upp reiði sína, Fms. x. 3, 6; ok gefit oss upp stórsakir, ii. 33; Brján konungr gaf upp þrysvar útlögum sínum inar sömu sakir, Nj. 269: absol., hvárt vilit þér gefa honum upp, pardon him, 205; gefa upp alla mótstöðu, to give up all resistance, Fms. ix. 322; gefa sik upp, to give oneself up, surrender, i. 198; þá gefum vér upp várn stað, 104; gefa upp ríki, konungdóm, to give up the kingdom, abdicate, resign, x. 4, xi. 392: to give up, hand over to one, Magnús konungr gaf honum upp Finnferðina með slíkum skildaga, vii. 135; ek vil gefa ykkr upp búit at Varmalæk, Nj. 25; allir hafa þat skaplyndi at gefa þat fyrst upp er stolit er, 76: to give up, leave off, gefa upp leik, to give up playing, Fas. iii. 530; gefa upp horn, Fms. vi. 241: to exhaust, empty, upp ætlu vér nú gefnar gersimar yðrar, vii. 197.B. IMPERS., a naut. term; e-m gefr byri, byr (acc. pl. or sing.), one gets a fair wind; gaf þeim byr ok sigla þeir í haf, Nj. 4; gaf þeim vel byri, 138; er þeir vóru búnir ok byr gaf, Eg. 99: so also absol. with or without dat. of the person, gaf kaupmönnum burt af Grænlandi, the sailors got a wind off Greenland, so as to sail from it, Fb. iii. 454; því at eigi gaf suðr lengra, Fms. ii. 185; gaf þeim vel, ix. 268; gaf honum ílla, x. 4; gaf honum eigi austan, Nj. 63: so in the saying, svo gefr hverjum sem hann er góðr.2. in other phrases, to get a chance; ef færi (acc.) gefr á, if you get a chance, Nj. 266; halda njósnum, nær bezt gæfi færi á honum, to keep a look-out, when there was best chance to get at him, 113; til þess gefr nú vel ok hógliga, ‘tis a fair and easy opportunity for that, Al. 156; mæltu menn at honum hafði vel gefit til ( had good luck) um hefndina, Fms. vii. 230; ef yðr (dat.) gefr eigi missýni í þessu máli, if you are not mistaken in this matter, Fbr. 32; gaf þeim glámsýni (q. v.) er til vóru komnir, Sturl. i. 179, Stj. 401; þá gaf mér sýn, then I beheld (in a vision), Fms. vii. 163; þat gaf öllum vel skilja, it was clear for all to understand, it lay open to all, vi. 70; e-m gefr á að líta, one can see, i. e. it is open and evident.C. REFLEX., gefask vel (ílla), to shew oneself, prove good ( bad); það sé ván at þú gefisk honum eigi vel, er þú gefsk öllum öðrum mönnum ílla, Nj. 32; eigi deilir litr kosti ef þú gefsk vel, 78; hversu gafsk Björn þér, Kári, 265; opt hafa mér vel gefisk yður ráð, your counsels have often proved good to me, Ld. 252; hefir þeim þat ok aldri vel gefisk ( it has never turned out well) í þessu landi, Fms. vii. 22; ílla gefask ílls ráð, a saying, Nj. 20; hétu allir góðu um at gefask vel (i. e. to fight manfully), Fms. vii. 262:—to happen, turn out, come to pass, sem síðan gafsk, x. 416; svá honum gafsk, so it turned out for him, Sl. 20; ok svá gæfisk, ef eigi hefði Guð þá sína miskun til sent, and so it would have come to pass, unless …, Fms. x. 395:—gefsk mér svá, it seems to me so, methinks it is so, Karl. 290, 308 (vide A. V. 2. above); þat allsheri at undri gefsk, to all people it is a wonder, Ad. 18; e-m er e-t svá gefit, to be so and so disposed, to think so and so of a thing; ef þér er þetta svá gefit sem þú segir, Fms. v. 236; svá er mér gefit, son minn, at ek em þér fegin orðin, Ó. H. 33; sagði hann at svá mundi jarli gefit, Fms. ix. 244; en svá ætla ek flestum lendum mönnum gefit, at eigi munu skiljask frá Skúla jarli, 429, v. l.; þyki mér ok sem svá muni flestum gefit, at fé sé fjörvi firr, Ld. 266; en þat mun þó mestu um stýra hversu Þórdísi er um gefit, 302; síðan talaði konungr þetta mál við systur sína, ok spurði hversu henni væri um þetta gefit, Fms. ii. 221: of the gifts of nature, mikill máttr er gefinn goðum várum, Nj. 132; ok er þat mál manna, at henni hafi allt verit ílla gefit þat er henni var sjálfrátt, i. e. that she was a bad woman in everything of her own making (but well gifted by nature), 268; ok svá er sagt at honum hafi flestir hlutir höfðinglegast gefnir verit, 254.2. with prepp., gefask upp, to give up, give in, surrender, Nj. 64, 124, Eg. 79: mod. to lose one’s breath: upp gefinn, upset; eigi þykjumk ek upp gefinn þó at ek sjá smávofur, Grett. 112; eigi þyki mér vit upp gefnir, ef vit veitumk at, 131; en þó at þeir feðgar sé ríkir menn, þá eru vér þó ekki upp gefnir fyrir þeim, Fb. ii. 195: in mod. usage, exhausted, having lost one’s breath, eg er uppgefinn; also of a horse, hann gafsk upp, harm er stað-uppgefinn:—e-m gefsk yfir, to do wrong, commit a fault, fail; þat mæla menn at þessi hlutr hafi konunginum yfir gefisk helzt, Fms. xi. 283; ef göfgum mönnum gáfusk stórir hlutir yfir, if the noble gave gross offence, did evil things, Bs. i. 107; engi er svá vitr at eigi gefisk yfir nokkut sinn, Karl. 451:—to give oneself to one, gefask Kristi, N. G. L. i. 339; gefsk þú hánum þá í dag með Guði, Nj. 157; gefask á vald e-s, to give oneself into another’s power, Fms. ix. 479.II. recipr. to give to one another; gefask gjöfum, Bret. 48; gáfusk þeir gjöfum áðr þeir skildu, Bs. i. 274.III. part. gefinn, given to a thing, in a spiritual sense, devout; g. fyrir bækr, lestr, smíðar, etc., given to books, reading, workmanship, etc. -
49 Global Environmental Facility
2) Экология: Глобальный фонд окружающей среды3) Окружающая среда: GEF4) ЕБРР: Глобальный экологический фонд, Глобальный экологический фонд (ВБ), (GEF) глобальный экологический механизм5) Нефть и газ: ГЭФУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Global Environmental Facility
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50 avoid
{ə'vɔid}
1. отбягвам, страня от
въздържам се от (с gef)
2. юр. огхвърлям, отменям, анулирам, касирам* * *{ъ'vъid} v 1. отбягвам, страня от; въздържам се от (с gef), 2.* * *страня; отбягвам; отменям; анулирам; въздържам се от; касирам;* * *1. въздържам се от (с gef) 2. отбягвам, страня от 3. юр. огхвърлям, отменям, анулирам, касирам* * *avoid[ə´vɔid] v 1. отбягвам, въздържам се от, стоя настрана от, страня от; 2. юрид. отхвърлям, отменям, анулирам, касирам; 3. ост. опразвам (се); заминавам, избягвам; слизам от кон. -
51 Gefechtslandeplatz
1) Av. Gef. L pl.2) milit. Gef.Lp. -
52 внимавам
1. (слушам с внимание) pay attention, attendне внимавах какво говорят I was not attending to the conversationвнимавам да направя нещо take heed to do s.th.внимавай в картинката! now just watch (what'll happen)!2. (действувам предпазливо) be careful, mind, take care(предпазлив съм) keep o.'s eyes openwatch o.'s step (и прен.-как ще действувам)mind your step! look ahead! look out! внимавам да не стане нещо лошо look out for troubleот малък съм внимавал да не... all my life/since childhood I've watched out against... (c gef.)внимавам какво говоря keep a watch on o.'s tonguebe careful what one says ( пред някого in front of s.o.); mind o.'s P's and Q'sтрябва много да внимаваш you can't be too carefulвнимавай с детето! watch out for the baby!* * *внима̀вам,гл.1. ( слушам с внимание) pay attention, attend; внимавай в картинката! now just watch (what’ll happen)! \внимавам да направя нещо take heed to do s.th.; не \внимавам ( допускам грешки) nod;2. ( действам предпазливо) be careful, mind, take care; ( предпазлив съм) keep o.’s eyes open, keep one’s ear to the ground; be/stand on o.’s guard; watch o.’s step (и прен. как ще действам); внимавай (къде стъпваш)! mind your step! look out! внимавай с детето! watch out for the baby! \внимавам да не стане нещо лошо look out for trouble; \внимавам какво говоря keep a watch on o.’s tongue; be careful what one says ( пред някого in front of s.o.); mind o.’s P’s and Q’s; от малък съм внимавал да не … all my life/since childhood I’ve watched out against … (с ger.); трябва много да внимаваш you can’t be too careful.* * *mind; attend; beware: внимавам of the dog. - Внимавай (пази се от) за кучето.; look out; pay attention* * *1. (действувам предпазливо) be careful, mind, take care 2. (предпазлив съм) keep o.'s eyes open 3. (слушам с внимание) pay attention, attend: не внимавах какво говорят I was not attending to the conversation 4. be careful what one says (пред някого in front of s. o.);mind o.'s P's and Q's 5. watch o.'s step (u прен.-как щe действувам) 6. ВНИМАВАМ да направя нещо take heed to do s.th. 7. ВНИМАВАМ какво говоря keep a watch on o.'s tongue 8. внимавай (къде стъпваш): mind your step! look ahead! look out! ВНИМАВАМ да не стане нещо лошо look out for trouble 9. внимавай в картинката! now just watch (what'll happen)! 10. внимавай с детето! watch out for the baby! 11. не ВНИМАВАМ (допускам грешки) nod 12. от малък съм внимавал да не... all my life/since childhood I've watched out against... (c gef.) 13. трябва много да внимаваш you can't be too careful -
53 gefa
[g̊ʲε:va]gef, gaf, gáfum, gefið (см. тж. gefinn)1. vthonum er þetta ekki gefið — перен. ему это не дано
2) дарить3) раздавать; сдавать ( карты)4) задавать корм ( скоту)2. vi ( fyrir e-ð)платить (за что-л.)□3. gefa sig1) слабеть, поддаваться2)gefa sig á tal við e-n — заговорить с кем-л.
□4.gefast vel [illa] — оказаться хорошим [плохим]; [не] удаться
□◊það gefur ekki á sjó — в эту погоду нельзя выходить в море [на рыбную ловлю]
gefa e-m utan undir — дать кому-л. пощёчину
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54 AT
I) prep.A. with dative.I. Of motion;1) towards, against;Otkell laut at Skamkatli, bowed down to S.;hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge against A.;2) close atup to;Brynjólfr gengr alit at honum, quite up to him;þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters with him;3) to, at;koma at landi, to come to land;ganga at dómi, to go into court;ganga at stræti, to walk along the street;dreki er niðr fór at ánni (went down the river) fyrir strauminum;refr dró hörpu at ísi, on the ice;5) denoting hostility;renna (sœkja) at e-m, to rush at, assault;gerði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog;6) around;vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a veil round one’s head;bera grjót at e-m, to heap stones upon the body;7) denoting business, engagement;ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after horses, watching sheep;fara at landskuldum, to go collecting rents.II. Of position, &c.;1) denoting presence at, near, by, upon;at kirkju, at church;at dómi, in court;at lögbergi, at the hill of laws;2) denoting participation in;vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, wedding;vera at vígi, to be an accessory in man-slaying;3) ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at;kvalararnir, er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him;var þar at kona nökkur at binda (was there busy dressing) sár manna;4) with proper names of places (farms);konungr at Danmörku ok Noregi, king of;biskup at Hólum, bishop of Holar;at Helgafelli, at Bergþórshváli;5) used ellipt. with a genitive, at (a person’s) house;at hans (at his house) gisti fjölmenni mikit;at Marðar, at Mara’s home;at hins beilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church;at Ránar, at Ran’s (abode).III. Of time;1) at, in;at upphafi, at first, in the beginning;at skilnaði, at parting, when they parted;at páskum, at Easter;at kveldi, at eventide;at þinglausnum, at the close of the Assembly;at fjöru, at the ebb;at flœðum, at the floodtide;2) adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr’;at ári komanda, next year;at vári, er kemr, next spring;generally with ‘komanda’ understood;at sumri, hausti, vetri, vári, next summer, &c.;3) used with an absolute dative and present or past part.;at sér lifanda, duing his lifetime;at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all;at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the hearing of the chief;at upprennandi sólu, at sunrise;at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks are past;at honum önduðum, after his death;4) denoting uninterrupted succession, after;hverr at öðrum, annarr at öðrum, one after another;skildu menn at þessu, thereupon, after this;at því (thereafter) kómu aðrar meyjar.IV. fig. and in various uses;1) to, into, with the notion of destruction or change;brenna (borgina) at ösku, to burn to ashes;verða at ormi, to become a snake;2) for, as;gefa e-t at gjöf, as a present;eiga e-n at vin, to have one as friend;3) by;taka sverð at hjöltum, by the hilt;draga út björninn at hlustunum, by the ears;kjósa at afli, álitum, by strength, appearrance;4) as regards as to;auðigr at fé, wealthy in goods;vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face;5) as a law term, on the grounds of, by reason of;ryðja ( to challenge) dóm at mægðum, kvið at frændsemi;6) as a paraphrase of a genitive;faðir, móðir at barni (= barns, of a child);aðili at sök = aðili sakar;7) with adjectives denoting colour, size, age, of;hvítr, svartr, rauðr at lit, while, black, red of colour;mikill, lítill at stœrð, vexti, tall, small of stature;tvítugr at aldri, twenty years of age;kýr at fyrsta, öðrum kálfi, a cow that has calved once, twice;8) determining the source from which anything comes, of, from;Ari nam ok marga frœði at Þuríði (from her);þiggja, kaupa, geta, leigja e-t at e-m, to receive, buy, obtain, borrow a thing from one;hafa veg (virðing) styrk at e-m, to derive honour, power, from one;9) according, to, after (heygðr at fornum sið);at ráði allra vitrustu manna, by the advice of;at landslögum, by the law of the land;at vánum, as was to be expected;at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave;10) in adverbial phrases;gróa (vera grœddr) at heilu, to be quite healed;bíta af allt gras at snøggu, quite bare;at fullu, fully;at vísu, surely;at frjálsu, freely;at eilífu, for ever and ever;at röngu, at réttu, wrongly, rightly;at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same;at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent.B. with acc., after, upon (= eptir);sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, to take the inheritance after his father;eiga féránsdóm at e-n, to hold a court of execution upon a person;at þat (= eptir þat), after that, thereafter;connected with a past part. or a., at Gamla fallinn, after the fall of Gamli;at Hrungni dauðan, upon the death of Hrungnir.1) as the simple mark of the infinitive, to;at ganga, at ríða, at hlaupa, to walk, to ride, to run;2) in an objective sense;hann bauð þeim at fara, sitja, he bade (ordered) them to go, sit;gefa e-m at eta, at drekka, to give one to eat, to drink;3) denoting design or purpose, in order to (hann gekk í borg at kaupa silfr).1) demonstrative particle before a comparative, the, all the, so much the;hón grét at meir, she wept the more;þykkir oss at líkara, all the more likely;þú ert maðr at verri (so much the worse), er þú hefir þetta mælt;2) rel. pron., who, which, that (= er);þeir allir, at þau tíðindi heyrðu, all those who heard;sem þeim er títt, at ( as is the custom of those who) kaupferðir reka.conj., that;1) introducing a subjective or objective clause;þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, it happened once that H.;vilda ek, at þú réðist austr í fjörðu, I should like you to go;svá mikill lagamaðr, at, so great a lawyer, that;3) with subj., denoting end or purpose, in order that (skáru þeir fyrir þá (viz. hestana) melinn, at þeir dœi eigi af sulti);4) since, because, as (= því at);5) connected with þó, því, svá;þó at (with subj.), though, although;því at, because, for;svá at, so that;6) temp., þá at (= þá er), when;þegar at (= þegar er), as soon as;þar til at (= þar til er), until, till;áðr at (= á. en), before;7) used superfluously after an int. pron. or adv.;Ólafr spurði, hvern styrk at hann mundi fá honum, what help he was likely to give him;in a relative sense; með fullkomnum ávexti, hverr at (which) þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða.V)negative verbal suffix, = ata; var-at, was not.odda at, Yggs at, battle.* * *1.and að, prep., often used ellipt. dropping the case and even merely as an adverb, [Lat. ad; Ulf. at = πρός and παρά, A. S. ät; Engl. at; Hel. ad = apud; O. H. G. az; lost in mod. Germ., and rare in Swed. and Dan.; in more freq. use in Engl. than any other kindred language, Icel. only excepted]:—the mod. pronunciation and spelling is að (aþ); this form is very old, and is found in Icel. vellum MSS. of the 12th century, e. g. aþ, 623. 60; yet in earlier times it was sounded with a tenuis, as we may infer from rhymes, e. g. jöfurr hyggi at | hve ek yrkja fat, Egill: Sighvat also makes it rhyme with a t. The verse by Thorodd—þar vastu at er fjáðr klæðið þvat (Skálda 162)—is hardly intelligible unless we accept the spelling with an aspirate (að), and say that þvað is = þvá = þváði, lavabat; it may be that by the time of Thorodd and Ari the pure old pronunciation was lost, or is ‘þvat’ simply the A. S. þvât, secuit? The Icelanders still, however, keep the tenuis in compounds before a vowel, or before h, v, or the liquids l, r, thus—atyrða, atorka, athöfn, athugi, athvarf, athlægi; atvinna, atvik; atlaga, atlíðanði ( slope), atriði, atreið, atróðr: but aðdjúpr, aðfinsla (critic), aðferð, aðkoma, aðsókn, aðsúgr (crowding), aðgæzla. In some words the pronunciation is irregular, e. g. atkvæði not aðkv-; atburðr, but aðbúnaðr; aðhjúkran not athjúkran; atgörvi not aðgörfi. At, to, towards; into; against; along, by; in regard to; after.Mostly with dat.; rarely with acc.; and sometimes ellipt.—by dropping the words ‘home,’ ‘house,’ or the like—with gen.WITH DAT.A. LOC.I. WITH MOTION; gener. the motion to the borders, limits of an object, and thus opp. to frá:1. towards, against, with or without the notion of arrival, esp. connected with verbs denoting motion (verba movendi et eundi), e. g. fara, ganga, koma, lúta, snúa, rétta at…; Otkell laut at Skamkatli, O. louted (i. e. bowed down) towards S., Nj. 77, Fms. xi. 102; sendimaðrinn sneri ( turned) hjöltum sverðsins at konungi, towards the king, i. 15; hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge towards A., Nj. 220; rétta e-t at e-m, to reach, hand over, Ld. 132; ganga at, to step towards, Ísl. ii. 259.2. denoting proximity, close up to, up to; Brynjólfr gengr … allt at honum, B. goes quite up to him, Nj. 58; Gunnarr kom þangat at þeim örunum, G. reached them even there with his arrows, 115; þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters, id.; reið maðr at þeim (up to them), 274; þeir höfðu rakit sporin allt at ( right up to) gammanum, Fms. i. 9; komu þeir at sjó fram, came down to the sea, Bárð. 180.3. without reference to the space traversed, to or at; koma at landi, to land, Ld. 38, Fms. viii. 358; ríða at dyrum, Boll. 344; hlaupa at e-m, to run up to, run at, Fms. vii. 218, viii. 358; af sjáfarganginum er hann gekk at landinu, of the surf dashing against the shore, xi. 6; vísa ólmum hundi at manni, to set a fierce hound at a man, Grág. ii. 118; leggja e-n at velli, to lay low, Eg. 426, Nj. 117; hníga at jörðu, at grasi, at moldu, to bite the dust, to die, Njarð. 378; ganga at dómi, a law term, to go into court, of a plaintiff, defendant, or bystander, Nj. 87 (freq.)4. denoting a motion along, into, upon; ganga at stræti, to walk along the street, Korm. 228, Fms. vii. 39; at ísi, on the ice, Skálda 198, Fms. vii. 19, 246, viii. 168, Eb. 112 new Ed. (á is perh. wrong); máttu menn ganga bar yfir at skipum einum, of ships alone used as a bridge, Fas. i. 378; at höfðum, at nám, to trample on the slain on the battle-field, Lex. Poët.; at ám, along the rivers; at merkiósum, at the river’s mouth, Grág. ii. 355; at endilöngu baki, all along its back, Sks. 100.5. denoting hostility, to rush at, assault; renna at, hlaupa at, ganga, fara, ríða, sækja, at e-m, (v. those words), whence the nouns atrenna, athlaup, atgangr, atför, atreið, atsókn, etc.β. metaph., kom at þeim svefnhöfgi, deep sleep fell on them, Nj. 104. Esp. of weather, in the impers. phrase, hríð, veðr, vind, storm görir at e-m, to be overtaken by a snow storm, gale, or the like; görði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog, Bárð. 171.6. denoting around, of clothing or the like; bregða skikkju at höfði sér, to wrap his cloak over his head, Ld. 62; vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a snood round her head, 188; sauma at, to stick, cling close, as though sewn on; sauma at höndum sér, of tight gloves, Bs. i. 453; kyrtill svá þröngr sem saumaðr væri at honum, as though it were stitched to him, Nj. 214; vafit at vándum dreglum, tight laced with sorry tags, id.; hosa strengd fast at beini, of tight hose, Eg. 602; hann sveipar at sér iðrunum ok skyrtunni, he gathers up the entrails close to him and the skirt too, Gísl. 71; laz at síðu, a lace on the side, to keep the clothes tight, Eg. 602.β. of burying; bera grjót at einum, to heap stones upon the body, Eg. 719; var gör at þeim dys or grjóti, Ld. 152; gora kistu at líki, to make a coffin for a body, Eb. 264, Landn. 56, Ld. 142.γ. of summoning troops or followers; stefna at sér mönnum, to summon men to him, Nj. 104; stefna at sér liði, Eg. 270; kippa mönnum at sér, to gather men in haste, Ld. 64.7. denoting a business, engagement; ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after after horses, watching sheep, Glúm. 362, Nj. 75; fara at fé, to go to seek for sheep, Ld. 240; fara at heyi, to go a-haymaking, Dropl. 10; at veiðum, a-hunting; at fuglum, a-fowling; at dýrum, a-sbooting; at fiski, a-fishing; at veiðiskap, Landn. 154, Orkn. 416 (in a verse), Nj. 25; fara at landskuldum, to go a-collecling rents, Eg. 516; at Finnkaupum, a-marketing with Finns, 41; at féföngum, a-plundering, Fms. vii. 78; ganga at beina, to wait on guests, Nj. 50; starfa at matseld, to serve at table, Eb. 266; hitta e-n at nauðsynjum, on matters of business; at máli, to speak with one, etc., Fms. xi. 101; rekast at e-m, to pursue one, ix. 404; ganga at liði sér, to go suing for help, Grág. ii. 384.β. of festivals; snúa, fá at blóti, veizlu, brullaupi, to prepare for a sacrificial banquet, wedding, or the like, hence at-fangadagr, Eb. 6, Ld. 70; koma at hendi, to happen, befall; ganga at sínu, to come by one’s own, to take it, Ld. 208; Egill drakk hvert full er at honum kom, drained every horn that came to him, Eg. 210; komast at keyptu, to purchase dearly, Húv. 46.8. denoting imaginary motion, esp. of places, cp. Lat. spectare, vergere ad…, to look or lie towards; horfði botninn at höfðanum, the bight of the bay looked toward the headland, Fms. i. 340, Landn. 35; also, skeiðgata liggr at læknum, leads to the brook, Ísl. ii. 339; á þann arminn er vissi at sjánum, on that wing which looked toward the sea, Fms. viii. 115; sár þau er horft höfðu at Knúti konungi, xi. 309.β. even connected with verbs denoting motion; Gilsáreyrr gengr austan at Fljótinu, G. extends, projects to F. from the east, Hrafh. 25; hjá sundi því, er at gengr þingstöðinni, Fms. xi. 85.II. WITHOUT MOTION; denoting presence at, near, by, at the side of, in, upon; connected with verbs like sitja, standa, vera…; at kirkju, at church, Fms. vii. 251, K. f). K. 16, Ld. 328, Ísl. ii. 270, Sks. 36; vera at skála, at húsi, to be in, at home, Landn. 154; at landi, Fms. i. 82; at skipi, on shipboard, Grág. i. 209, 215; at oldri, at a banquet, inter pocula; at áti, at dinner, at a feast, inter edendum, ii. 169, 170; at samförum ok samvistum, at public meetings, id.; at dómi, in a court; standa (to take one’s stand) norðan, sunnan, austan, vestan at dómi, freq. in the proceedings at trials in lawsuits, Nj.; at þingi, present at the parliament, Grág. i. 142; at lögbergi, o n the hill of laws, 17, Nj.; at baki e-m, at the back of.2. denoting presence, partaking in; sitja at mat, to sit at meat, Fms. i. 241; vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, nuptials, Nj. 51, Ld. 70: a law term, vera at vígi, to be an accessory in manslaying, Nj. 89, 100; vera at e-u simply means to be about, be busy in, Fms. iv. 237; standa at máli, to stand by one in a case, Grág. ii. 165, Nj. 214; vera at fóstri, to be fostered, Fms. i. 2; sitja at hégóma, to listen to nonsense, Ld. 322; vera at smíð, to be at one’s work, Þórð. 62: now absol., vera at, to go on with, be busy at.3. the law term vinna eið at e-u has a double meaning:α. vinna eið at bók, at baugi, to make an oath upon the book by laying the band upon it, Landn. 258, Grág., Nj.; cp. Vkv. 31, Gkv. 3. 3, Hkv. 2. 29, etc.: ‘við’ is now used in this sense.β. to confirm a fact (or the like) by an oath, to swear to, Grág. i. 9, 327.γ. the law phrase, nefna vátta at e-u, of summoning witnesses to a deed, fact, or the like; nefna vátta at benjum, to produce evidence, witnesses as to the wounds, Nj., Grág.; at görð, Eg. 738; at svörum, Grág. i. 19: this summoning of witnesses served in old lawsuits the same purpose as modern pleadings and depositions; every step in a suit to be lawful must be followed by such a summoning or declaration.4. used ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at; kvalararnir er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him; þar varstu at, you were there present, Skálda 162; at várum þar, Gísl. (in a verse): as a law term ‘vera at’ means to be guilty, Glúm. 388; vartattu at þar, Eg. (in a verse); hence the ambiguity of Glum’s oath, vask at þar, I was there present: var þar at kona nokkur ( was there busy) at binda sár manna, Fms. v. 91; hann var at ok smíðaði skot, Rd. 313; voru Varbelgir at ( about) at taka af, þau lög …, Fms. ix. 512; ek var at ok vafk, I was about weaving, xi. 49; þeir höfðu verit at þrjú sumur, they had been busy at it for three summers, x. 186 (now very freq.); koma at, come in, to arrive unexpectedly; Gunnarr kom at í því, G. came in at that moment; hvaðan komtú nú at, whence did you come? Nj. 68, Fms. iii. 200.5. denoting the kingdom or residence of a king or princely person; konungr at Danmörk ok Noregi, king of…, Fms. i. 119, xi. 281; konungr, jarl, at öllum Noregi, king, earl, over all N., íb. 3, 13, Landn. 25; konungr at Dyflinni, king of Dublin, 25; but í or yfir England!, Eg. 263: cp. the phrase, sitja at landi, to reside, of a king when at home, Hkr. i. 34; at Joini, Fms. xi. 74: used of a bishop; biskup at Hólum, bishop of Hólar, Íb. 18, 19; but biskup í Skálaholti, 19: at Rómi, at Rome, Fbr. 198.6. in denoting a man’s abode (vide p. 5, col. 1, l. 27), the prep. ‘at’ is used where the local name implies the notion of by the side of, and is therefore esp. applied to words denoting a river, brook, rock, mountain, grove, or the like, and in some other instances, by, at, e. g. at Hofi (a temple), Landn. 198; at Borg ( a castle), 57; at Helgafelli (a mountain), Eb. constantly so; at Mosfelli, Landn. 190; at Hálsi (a hill), Fms. xi. 22; at Bjargi, Grett. 90; Hálsum, Landn. 143; at Á ( river), 296, 268; at Bægisá, 212; Giljá, 332; Myrká, 211; Vatnsá, id.; þverá, Glúm. 323; at Fossi (a ‘force’ or waterfall), Landn. 73; at Lækjamoti (waters-meeting), 332; at Hlíðarenda ( end of the lithe or hill), at Bergþórshváli, Nj.; at Lundi (a grove), at Melum (sandhill), Landn. 70: the prep. ‘á’ is now used in most of these cases, e. g. á Á, á Hofi, Helgafelli, Felli, Hálsi, etc.β. particularly, and without any regard to etymology, used of the abode of kings or princes, to reside at; at Uppsölum, at Haugi, Alreksstöðum, at Hlöðum, Landn., Fms.γ. konungr lét kalla at stofudyrum, the king made a call at the hall door, Eg. 88; þeir kölluðu at herberginu, they called at the inn, Fms. ix. 475.7. used ellipt. with a gen., esp. if connected with such words as gista, to be a guest, lodge, dine, sup (of festivals or the like) at one’s home; at Marðar, Nj. 4; at hans, 74; þingfesti at þess bóanda, Grág. i. 152; at sín, at one’s own home, Eg. 371, K. Þ. K. 62; hafa náttstað at Freyju, at the abode of goddess Freyja, Eg. 603; at Ránar, at Ran’s, i. e. at Ran’s house, of drowned men who belong to the queen of the sea, Ran, Eb. 274; at hins heilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church, Fms. vi. 63: cp. ad Veneris, εις Κίμωνος.B. TEMP.I. at, denoting a point or period of time; at upphafi, at first, in the beginning, Ld. 104; at lyktum, at síðustu, at lokum, at last; at lesti, at last, Lex. Poët., more freq. á lesti; at skilnaði, at parting, at last, Band. 3; at fornu, in times of yore, formerly, Eg. 267, D. I. i. 635; at sinni, as yet, at present; at nýju, anew, of present time; at eilífu, for ever and ever; at skömmu, soon, shortly, Ísl. ii. 272, v. l.II. of the very moment when anything happens, the beginning of a term; denoting the seasons of the year, months, weeks, the hours of the day; at Jólum, at Yule, Nj. 46; at Pálmadegi, on Palm Sunday, 273; at Páskum, at Easter; at Ólafsvöku, on St. Olave’s eve, 29th of July, Fms.; at vetri, at the beginning of the winter, on the day when winter sets in, Grág. 1. 151; at sumarmálum, at vetrnáttum; at Tvímánaði, when the Double month (August) begins, Ld. 256, Grág. i. 152; at kveldi, at eventide, Eg. 3; at því meli, at that time; at eindaga, at the term, 395; at eykð, at 4 o’clock p. m., 198; at öndverðri æfi Abra hams, Ver. II; at sinni, now at once, Fms. vi. 71; at öðruhverju, every now and then.β. where the point of time is marked by some event; at þingi, at the meeting of parliament (18th to the 24th of June), Ld. 182; at féránsdómi, at the court of execution, Grág. i. 132, 133; at þinglausnum, at the close of the parliament (beginning of July), 140; at festarmálum, eðr at eiginorði, at betrothal or nuptials, 174; at skilnaði, when they parted, Nj. 106 (above); at öllum minnum, at the general drinking of the toasts, Eg. 253; at fjöru, at the ebb; at flæðum, at flood tide, Fms. viii. 306, Orkn. 428; at hrörum, at an inquest, Grág. i. 50 (cp. ii. 141, 389); at sökum, at prosecutions, 30; at sinni, now, as yet, v. that word.III. ellipt., or adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr,’ of the future time:1. ellipt., komanda or the like being understood, with reference to the seasons of the year; at sumri, at vetri, at hausti, at vári, next summer, winter…, Ísl. ii. 242; at miðju sumri, at ári, at Midsummer, next year, Fas. i. 516; at miðjum vetri, Fms. iv. 237,2. adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr;’ at ári komanda, Bárð. 177; at vári er kemr, Dipl. iii. 6.IV. used with an absolute dat. and with a pres. part.:1. with pres. part.; at morni komanda, on the coming morrow, Fms. i. 263; at sér lifanda, in vivo, in his life time, Grág. ii. 202; at þeim sofundum, illis dormientibus, Hkr. i. 234; at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all, Fms. x. 329; at úvitanda konungi, illo nesciente, without his knowledge, 227; at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the chief’s bearing, 235.2. of past time with a past part. (Lat. abl. absol.); at hræjum fundnum, on the bodies being found, Grág. ii. 87; at háðum dómum ok föstu þingi, during the session, the courts being set, i. 484; at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks past, Band. 13; at svá búnu, so goru, svá komnu, svá mæltu (Lat. quibus rebus gestis, dictis, quo facto, dicto, etc.), v. those words; at úreyndu, without trial, without put ting one to the test, Ld. 76; at honum önduðum, illo mortuo.3. ellipt. without ‘at;’ en þessum hlutum fram komnum, when all this has been done, Eb. 132.V. in some phrases with a slight temp, notion; at görðum gildum, the fences being strong, Gþl. 387; at vörmu spori, at once, whilst the trail is warm; at úvörum, unawares, suddenly, Nj. 95, Ld. 132; at þessu, at this cost, on that condition, Eb. 38, Nj. 55; at illum leiki, to have a narrow escape, now við illan leik, Fms. ix. 473; at því, that granted, Grág. ii. 33: at því, at pessu, thereafter, thereupon, Nj. 76.2. denoting succession, without interruption, one after another; hverr at öðrum, annarr maðr at öðrum, aðrir at öðrum; eina konu at annarri, Eg. 91, Fms. ii. 236, vi. 25, Bs. i. 22, 625. 80, H. E. i. 522.C. METAPH. and in various cases:I. denoting a transformation or change into, to, with the notion of destruction; brenna at ösku, at köldum kolum, to burn to ashes, to be quite destroyed, Fms. i. 105, Edda 3, Sturl. ii. 51: with the notion of transformation or transfiguration, in such phrases as, verða at e-u, göra e-t at e-u, to turn it into:α. by a spell; verða at ormi, to become a snake, Fms. xi. 158; at flugdrekum, Gullþ. 7; urðu þau bönd at járni, Edda 40.β. by a natural process it can often be translated by an acc. or by as; göra e-n at urðarmanni, to make him an outlaw, Eg. 728; græða e-n at orkumlamanni, to heal him so as to maim him for life, of bad treatment by a leech, Eb. 244: in the law terms, sár görist at ben, a wound turning into a ben, proving to be mortal, Grág., Nj.; verða at ljúgvætti, to prove to be a false evidence, Grág. i. 44; verða at sætt, to turn into reconciliation, Fms. i. 13; göra e-t at reiði málum, to take offence at, Fs. 20; at nýjum tíðindum, to tell as news, Nj. 14; verða fátt at orðum, to be sparing of words, 18; kveðr (svá) at orði, to speak, utter, 10; verða at þrifnaði, to geton well, Fms. vii. 196: at liði, at skaða, to be a help or hurt to one; at bana, to cause one’s death, Nj. 223, Eg. 21, Grág. ii. 29: at undrum, at hlátri, to become a wonder, a laughing-stock, 623. 35, Eg. 553.II. denoting capacity, where it may be translated merely by as or for; gefa at Jólagjöf, to give for a Christmas-box, Eg. 516; at gjöf, for a present; at erfð, at láni, launum, as an inheritance, a loan; at kaupum ok sökum, for buying and selling, Ísl. ii. 223, Grág. i. 423; at solum, ii. 204; at herfangi, as spoil or plunder; at sakbótum, at niðgjöldum, as a compensation, weregeld, i. 339, ii. 171, Hkr. ii. 168; taka at gíslingu, to take as an hostage, Edda 15; eiga e-n at vin, at óvin, to have one as friend or foe, illt er at eiga þræl at eingavin, ‘tis ill to have a thrall for one’s bosom friend (a proverb), Nj. 77; fæða, eiga, at sonum (syni), to beget a son, Edda 8, Bs. i. 60 (but eiga at dóttur cannot be said); hafa möttul at yfirhöfn, Fms. vii. 201; verða nökkut at manni (mönnum), to turn out to be a worthy man; verða ekki at manni, to turn out a worthless person, xi. 79, 268.2. in such phrases as, verða at orðum, to come towards, Nj. 26; var þat at erindum, Eg. 148; hafa at veizlum, to draw veizlur ( dues) from, Fms. iv. 275, Eg. 647; gora e-t at álitum, to take it into consideration, Nj. 3.III. denoting belonging to, fitting, of parts of the whole or the like; vóru at honum (viz. the sword) hjölt gullbúin, the sword was ornamented with a hilt of gold, Ld. 330; umgörð at ( belonging to) sverði, Fs. 97 (Hs.) in a verse; en ef mór er eigi at landinu, if there be no turf moor belonging to the land, Grág. ii. 338; svá at eigi brotnaði nokkuð at Orminum, so that no harm happened to the ship Worm, Fms. x. 356; hvatki er meiðir at skipinu eðr at reiðinu eðr at viðum, damage done t o …, Grág. ii. 403; lesta ( to injure) hús at lásum, við eðr torfi, 110; ef land hefir batnað at húsum, if the land has been bettered as to its buildings, 210; cp. the phrase, göra at e-u, to repair: hamlaðr at höndum eðr fótum, maimed as to hands or feet, Eg. 14; heill at höndum en hrumr at fótum, sound in band, palsied in foot, Fms. vii. 12; lykill at skrá, a key belonging, fitting, to the latch; hurð at húsi; a key ‘gengr at’ ( fits) skrá; and many other phrases. 2. denoting the part by which a thing is held or to which it belongs, by; fá, taka at…, to grasp by …; þú tókt við sverði hans at hjöltunum, you took it by the bill, Fms. i. 15; draga út björninn at hlustum, to pull out the bear by the ears, Fas. ii. 237; at fótum, by the feet, Fms. viii. 363; mæla ( to measure) at hrygg ok at jaðri, by the edge or middle of the stuff, Grág. i. 498; kasta e-m at höfði, head foremost, Nj. 84; kjósa e-n at fótum, by the feet alone, Edda 46; hefja frændsemi at bræðrum, eða at systkynum, to reckon kinship by the brother’s or the sister’s side, Grág. i. 28; kjósa at afli, at álitum, by strength, sight, Gs. 8, belongs rather to the following.IV. in respect of, as regards, in regard to, as to; auðigr at fé, wealthy of goods, Nj. 16, 30, 51; beztir hestar at reið, the best racehorses, 186; spekingr at viti, a man of great intellect, Ld. 124; vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face, Nj. 30, Bs. i. 61; kvenna vænst at ásjónu ok vits munum, of surpassing beauty and intellect, Ld. 122; fullkominn at hyggju, 18; um fram aðra menn at vinsældum ok harðfengi, of surpassing popularity and hardihood, Eb. 30.2. a law term, of challenging jurors, judges, or the like, on account of, by reason of; ryðja ( to challenge) at mægðum, guðsifjum, frændsemi, hrörum …; at leiðarlengd, on account of distance, Grág. i. 30, 50, Nj. (freq.)3. in arithm. denoting proportion; at helmingi, þriðjungi, fjórðungi, tíunda hluta, cp. Lat. ex asse, quadrante, for the half, third… part; máttr skal at magni (a proverb), might and main go together, Hkr. ii. 236; þú munt vera at því mikill fræðimaðr á kvæði, in the same proportion, as great, Fms. vi. 391, iii. 41; at e-s hluta, at… leiti, for one’s part, in turn, as far as one is con cerned, Grág. i. 322, Eg. 309, Fms. iii. 26 (freq.): at öðrum kosti, in the other case, otherwise (freq.) More gener., at öllu, öngu, in all (no) respects; at sumu, einhverju, nokkru, partly; at flestu, mestu, chiefly.4. as a paraphrase of a genitive; faðir, móðir at barni (= barns); aðili at sök (= sakar a.); morðingi at barni (= barns), faðerni at barni (barns); illvirki at fé manna (cp. Lat. felo de se), niðrfall at sökum (saka), land gangr at fiskum (fiska), Fms. iv. 274, Grág. i. 277, 416, N. G. L. i. 340, K. Þ. K. 112, Nj. 21.5. the phrase ‘at sér,’ of himself or in himself, either ellipt. or by adding the participle görr, and with the adverbs vel, ilia, or the like; denoting breeding, bearing, endowments, character …; væn kona, kurteis ok vel at sér, an accomplished, well-bred, gifted lady, Nj. I; vitr maðr ok vel at sér, a wise man and thoroughly good in feeling and bearing, 5; þú ert maðr vaskr ok vel at þér, 49; gerr at sér, accomplished, 51; bezt at sér görr, the finest, best bred man, 39, Ld. 124; en þó er hann svá vel at sér, so generous, Nj. 77; þeir höfðingjar er svá vóru vel at sér, so noble-minded, 198, Fms. i. 160: the phrase ‘at sér’ is now only used of knowledge, thus maðr vel að sér means clever, a man of great knowledge; illa að sér, a blockhead.6. denoting relations to colour, size, value, age, and the like; hvitr, svartr, grár, rauðr … at lit, white, swarthy, gray, red … of colour, Bjarn. 55, 28, Ísl. ii. 213, etc.; mikill, lítill, at stærð, vexti, tall, small of size, etc.; ungr, gamall, barn, at aldri, young, old, a child of age; tvítugr, þrítugr … at aldri, twenty, thirty … years of age (freq.): of animals; kyr at fyrsta, öðrum … kálfi, a cow having calved once, twice…, Jb. 346: value, amount, currency of money, kaupa e-t at mörk, at a mark, N. G. L. 1. 352; ok er eyririnn at mörk, amounts to a mark, of the value of money, Grág. i. 392; verðr þá at hálfri murk vaðmála eyrir, amounts to a half a mark, 500.β. metaph. of value, connected with verbs denoting to esteem, hold; meta, hafa, halda at miklu, litlu, vettugi, engu, or the like, to hold in high or low esteem, to care or not to care for (freq.): geta e-s at góðu, illu, öngu, to mention one favourably, unfavourably, indifferently … (freq.), prop. in connection with. In many cases it may be translated by in; ekki er mark at draumum, there is no meaning in dreams, no heed is to be paid to dreams, Sturl. ii. 217; bragð er at þá barnið finnr, it goes too far, when even a child takes offence (a proverb): hvat er at því, what does it mean? Nj. 11; hvert þat skip er vöxtr er at, any ship of mark, i. e. however small, Fms. xi. 20.V. denoting the source of a thing:1. source of infor mation, to learn, perceive, get information from; Ari nam ok marga fræði at Þuríði, learnt as her pupil, at her hands, as St. Paul at the feet of Gamaliel, (just as the Scotch say to speer or ask at a person); Ari nam at Þorgeiri afraðskoll, Hkr. (pref.); nema kunnáttu at e-m, used of a pupil, Fms. i. 8; nema fræði at e-m, xi. 396.2. of receiving, acquiring, buying, from; þiggja e-t at e-m, to receive a thing at his hands, Nj. 51; líf, to be pardoned, Fms. x. 173; kaupa land at e-m, to buy it from, Landn. 72, Íb. II, (now af is more freq. in this sense); geta e-t at e-m, to obtain, procure at one’s hands, impetrare; þeirra manna er þeir megu þat geta at, who are willing to do that, Grág. i. I; heimta e-t at e-m (now af), to call in, demand (a debt, money), 279; fala e-t at e-m (now af), to chaffer for or cheapen anything, Nj. 73; sækja e-t at e-m, to ask, seek for; sækja heilræði ok traust at e-m, 98; leiga e-t at e-m (now af), to borrow, Grág. ii. 334; eiga e-t (fé, skuld) at e-m, to be owed money by any one, i. 399: metaph. to deserve of one, Nj. 113; eiga mikit at e-m, to have much to do with, 138; hafa veg, virðing, styrk, at, to derive honour, power from, Fms. vi. 71, Eg. 44, Bárð. 174; gagn, to be of use, Ld. 216; mein, tálma, mischief, disadvantage, 158, 216, cp. Eg. 546; ótta, awe, Nj. 68.VI. denoting conformity, according to, Lat. secundum, ex, after; at fornum sið, Fms. i. 112; at sögn Ara prests, as Ari relates, on his authority, 55; at ráði allra vitrustu manna, at the advice of, Ísl. ii. 259, Ld. 62; at lögum, at landslögum, by the law of the land, Grág., Nj.; at líkindum, in all likelihood, Ld. 272; at sköpum, in due course (poet.); at hinum sama hætti, in the very same manner, Grág. i. 90; at vánum, as was to be expected, Nj. 255; at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave, Eg. 35; úlofi, Grág. ii. 215; at ósk, vilja e-s, as one likes…; at mun, id. (poet.); at sólu, happily (following the course of the sun), Bs. i. 70, 137; at því sem …, as to infer from …, Nj. 124: ‘fara, láta, ganga at’ denotes to yield, agree to, to comply with, give in, Ld. 168, Eg. 18, Fms. x. 368.VII. in phrases nearly or quite adverbial; gróa, vera græddr, at heilu, to be quite healed, Bárð. 167, Eb. 148; bíta at snöggu, to bite it bare, Fms. xi. 6; at þurru, till it becomes dry, Eb. 276; at endilöngu, all along, Fas. ii; vinnast at litlu, to avail little, 655 x. 14; at fullu, fully, Nj. 257, Hkr. i. 171; at vísu, of a surety, surely, Ld. 40; at frjálsu, freely, 308; at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same, Hom. 80, Nj. 267; at röngu, wrongly, 686 B. 2; at hófi, temperately, Lex. Poët.; at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent; at hringum, utterly, all round, (rare), Fms. x. 389; at einu, yet, Orkn. 358; svá at einu, því at einu, allt at einu, yet, however, nevertheless.VIII. connected with comparatives of adverbs and adjectives, and strengthening the sense, as in Engl. ‘the,’ so much the more, all the more; ‘at’ heldr tveimr, at ek munda gjarna veita yðr öllum, where it may be translated by so much the more to two, as I would willingly grant it to all of you; hon grét at meir, she grat (wept) the more, Eg. 483; þykir oss at líkara, all the more likely, Fms. viii. 6; þess at harðari, all the harder, Sturl. iii. 202 C; svá at hinn sé bana at nær, Grág. ii. 117; at auðnara, at hólpnara, the more happy, Al. 19, Grett. 116 B; þess at meiri, Fms. v. 64; auvirðismaðr at meiri, Sturl. ii. 139; maðr at vaskari, id.; at feigri, any the more fey, Km. 22; maðr at verri, all the worse, Nj. 168; ok er ‘at’ firr…, at ek vil miklu heldr, cp. Lat. tantum abest… ut, Eg. 60.β. following after a negation; eigi at síðr, no less, Nj. 160, Ld. 146; eigi… at meiri maðr, any better, Eg. 425, 489; erat héra at borgnara, any the better off for that, Fms. vii. 116; eigi at minni, no less for that, Edda (pref.) 146; eigi at minna, Ld. 216, Fms. ix. 50; ekki at verri drengr, not a bit worse for that, Ld. 42; er mér ekki son minn at bættari, þótt…, 216; at eigi vissi at nær, any more, Fas. iii. 74.IX. following many words:1. verbs, esp. those denoting, a. to ask, enquire, attend, seek, e. g. spyrja at, to speer (ask) for; leita at, to seek for; gæta, geyma at, to pay attention to; huga, hyggja at; hence atspurn, to enquire, aðgæzla, athugi, attention, etc.β. verbs denoting laughter, play, joy, game, cp. the Engl. to play at …, to laugh at …; hlæja, brosa at e-u, to laugh, smile at it; leika (sér) at e-u, to play at; þykja gaman at, to enjoy; hæða, göra gys at …, to make sport at …γ. verbs denoting assistance, help; standa, veita, vinna, hjálpa at; hence atstoð, atvinna, atverk:—mode, proceeding; fara at, to proceed, hence atför and atferli:—compliance; láta, fara at e-u, v. above:— fault; e-t er at e-u, there is some fault in it, Fms. x. 418; skorta at e-u, to fall short of, xi. 98:—care, attendance; hjúkra at, hlýja at, v. these words:—gathering, collecting; draga, reiða, flytja, fá at, congerere:—engagement, arrival, etc.; sækja at, to attack; ganga at, vera at, to be about; koma at, ellipt. to arrive: göra at, to repair: lesta at, to impair (v. above); finna at, to criticise (mod.); telja at, id.: bera at, to happen; kveða at e-m, to address one, 625. 15, (kveða at (ellipt.) now means to pronounce, and of a child to utter (read) whole syllables); falla at, of the flood-tide (ellipt.): metaph. of pains or straits surrounding one; þreyngja, herða at, to press hard: of frost and cold, with regard to the seasons; frjósa at, kólna at, to get really cold (SI. 44), as it were from the cold stiffening all things: also of the seasons themselves; hausta, vetra að, when the season really sets in; esp. the cold seasons, ‘sumra at’ cannot be used, yet we may say ‘vára að’ when the spring sets in, and the air gets mild.δ. in numberless other cases which may partly be seen below.2. connected ellipt. with adverbs denoting motion from a place; norðan, austan, sunnan, vestan at, those from the north, east…; utan at, innan at, from the outside or inside.3. with adjectives (but rarely), e. g. kærr, elskr, virkr (affectionate), vandr (zealous), at e-m; v. these words.WITH ACC.TEMP.: Lat. post, after, upon, esp. freq. in poetry, but rare in prose writers, who use eptir; nema reisi niðr at nið (= maðr eptir mann), in succession, of erecting a monument, Hm. 71; in prose, at þat. posthac, deinde, Fms. x. 323, cp. Rm., where it occurs several times, 2, 6, 9, 14, 18, 24, 28, 30, 35; sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, has to take the inheritance after his father, Grág. i. 170 new Ed.; eiga féránsdóm at e-n, Grág. i. 89; at Gamla fallinn, after the death of G., Fms. x. 382; in Edda (Gl.) 113 ought to be restored, grét ok at Oð, gulli Freyja, she grat (wept) tears of gold for her lost husband Od. It is doubtful if it is ever used in a purely loc. sense; at land, Grág. (Sb.)ii. 211, is probably corrupt; at hönd = á hönd, Grág. (Sb.) i. 135; at mót = at móti, v. this word.☞ In compounds (v. below) at- or að- answers in turn to Lat. ad- or in- or con-; atdráttr e. g. denotes collecting; atkoma is adventus: it may also answer to Lat. ob-, in atburðr = accidence, but might also be compared with Lat. occurrere.2.and að, the mark of the infinitive [cp. Goth. du; A. S. and Engl. to; Germ. zu]. Except in the case of a few verbs ‘at’ is always placed immediately before the infinitive, so as to be almost an inseparable part of the verb.I. it is used either,1. as, a simple mark of the infinitive, only denoting an action and independent of the subject, e. g. at ganga, at hlaupa, at vita, to go, to run, to know; or,2. in an objective sense when following such verbs as bjóða segja…, to invite, command …; hann bauð þeim at ganga, at sitja, be bade, ordered them to go, sit, or the like; or as gefa and fá; gefa e-m at drekka, at eta, to give one to drink or to eat, etc. etc.β. with the additional notion of intention, esp. when following verba cogitandi; hann ætlaði, hafði í hyggju at fara, he had it in his mind to go (where ‘to go’ is the real object to ætlaði and hafði í hyggju).3. answering to the Gr. ινα, denoting intention, design, in order to; hann gékk í borg at kaupa silfr, in order to buy, Nj. 280; hann sendi riddara sína með þeim at varðveita þær, 623. 45: in order to make the phrase more plain, ‘svá’ and ‘til’ are frequently added, esp. in mod. writers, ‘svá at’ and contr. ‘svát’ (the last however is rare), ‘til at’ and ‘til þess at,’ etc.II. in the earlier times the infin., as in Greek and Lat., had no such mark; and some verbs remain that cannot be followed by ‘at;’ these verbs are almost the same in Icel. as in Engl.:α. the auxiliary verbs vil, mun ( μέλλω), skal; as in Engl. to is never used after the auxiliaries shall, will, must; ek vil ganga, I will go; ek mun fara, (as in North. E.) I mun go; ek skal göra þat, I shall do that, etc.β. the verbs kunna, mega, as in Engl. I can or may do, I dare say; svá hygginn at hann kunni fyrir sökum ráða, Grág. ii. 75; í öllu er prýða má góðan höfðingja, Nj. 90; vera má, it may be; vera kann þat, id.: kunnu, however, takes ‘at’ whenever it means to know, and esp. in common language in phrases such as, það kann að vera, but vera kann þat, v. above.γ. lata, biðja, as in Engl. to let, to bid; hann lét (bað) þá fara, he let (bade) them go.δ. þykkja, þykjast, to seem; hann þykir vera, he is thought to be: reflex., hann þykist vera, sibi videtur: impers., mér þykir vera, mibi videtur, in all cases without ‘at.’ So also freq. the verbs hugsa, hyggja, ætla, halda, to think, when denoting merely the act of thinking; but if there be any notion of intention or purpose, they assume the ‘at;’ thus hann ætlaði, hugði, þá vera góða menn, he thought them to be, acc. c. inf.; but ætlaði at fara, meant to go, etc.ε. the verbs denoting to see, bear; sjá, líta, horfa á … ( videre); heyra, audire, as in Engl. I saw them come, I heard him tell, ek sá þá koma, ek heyrði hann tala.ζ. sometimes after the verbs eiga and ganga; hann gékk steikja, be went to roast, Vkv. 9; eiga, esp. when a mere periphrasis instead of skal, móður sína á maðr fyrst fram færa (better at færa), Grág. i. 232; á þann kvið einskis meta, 59; but at meta, id. l. 24; ráða, nema, göra …, freq. in poetry, when they are used as simple auxiliary verbs, e. g. nam hann sér Högna hvetja at rúnum, Skv. 3. 43.η. hljóta and verða, when used in the sense of must (as in Engl. he must go), and when placed after the infin.of another verb; hér muntu vera hljóta, Nj. 129; but hljóta at vera: fara hlýtr þú, Fms. 1. 159; but þú hlýtr at fara: verða vita, ii. 146; but verða at vita: hann man verða sækja, þó verðr (= skal) maðr eptir mann lifa, Fms. viii. 19, Fas. ii. 552, are exceptional cases.θ. in poetry, verbs with the verbal neg. suffix ‘-at,’ freq. for the case of euphony, take no mark of the infinitive, where it would be indispensable with the simple verb, vide Lex. Poët. Exceptional cases; hvárt sem hann vill ‘at’ verja þá sök, eða, whatever he chooses, either, Grág. i. 64; fyrr viljum vér enga kórónu at bera, en nokkut ófrelsi á oss at taka, we would rather bear no crown than …, Fms. x. 12; the context is peculiar, and the ‘at’ purposely added. It may be left out ellipt.; e. g. þá er guð gefr oss finnast (= at finnast), Dipl. ii. 14; gef honum drekka (= at drekka), Pr. 470; but mostly in unclassical writers, in deeds, or the like, written nastily and in an abrupt style.3.and að, conj. [Goth. þatei = οτι; A. S. þät; Engl. that; Germ, dass; the Ormul. and Scot. at, see the quotations sub voce in Jamieson; in all South-Teutonic idioms with an initial dental: the Scandinavian idioms form an exception, having all dropped this consonant; Swed. åt, Dan. at]. In Icel. the Bible translation (of the 16th century) was chiefly based upon that of Luther; the hymns and the great bulk of theol. translations of that time were also derived from Germany; therefore the germanised form það frequently appears in the Bible, and was often employed by theol. authors in sermons since the time of the Reformation. Jón Vidalin, the greatest modern Icel. preacher, who died in 1720, in spite of his thoroughly classical style, abounds in the use of this form; but it never took root in the language, and has never passed into the spoken dialect. After a relative or demonstr. pronoun, it freq. in mod. writers assumes the form eð, hver eð, hverir eð, hvað eð, þar eð. Before the prep. þú (tu), þ changes into t, and is spelt in a single word attú, which is freq. in some MS.;—now, however, pronounced aððú, aððeir, aððið …, = að þú…, with the soft Engl. th sound. It gener. answers to Lat. ut, or to the relat. pron. qui.I. that, relative to svá, to denote proportion, degree, so…, that, Lat. tam, tantus, tot…, ut; svá mikill lagamaðr, at…, so great a lawyer, that…, Nj. 1; hárið svá mikit, at þat…, 2; svá kom um síðir því máli, at Sigvaldi, it came so far, that…, Fms. xi. 95, Edda 33. Rarely and unclass., ellipt. without svá; Bæringr var til seinn eptir honum, at hann … (= svá at), Bær. 15; hlífði honum, at hann sakaði ekki, Fas. iii. 441.II. it is used,1. with indic, in a narrative sense, answering partly to Gr. οτι, Lat. quod, ut, in such phrases as, it came to pass, happened that …; þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, Nj. 2; þat var á palmdrottinsdag, at Ólafr konungr gékk út um stræti, Fms. ii. 244.2. with subj. answering to Lat. acc. with infin., to mark the relation of an object to the chief verb, e. g. vilda ek at þú réðist, I wished that you would, Nj. 57.β. or in an oblique sentence, answering to ita ut…; ef svá kann verða at þeir láti…, if it may be so that they might…, Fms. xi. 94.γ. with a subj. denoting design, answering to ϊνα or Lat. ut with subj., in order that; at öll veraldar bygðin viti, ut sciat totus orbis, Stj.; þeir skáru fyrir þá melinn, at þeir dæi eigi af sulti, ut ne fame perirent, Nj. 265; fyrsti hlutr bókarinnar er Kristindómsbálkr, at menn skili, in order that men may understand, Gþl. p. viii.III. used in connection with conjunctions,1. esp. þó, því, svá; þó at freq. contr. þótt; svát is rare and obsolete.α. þóat, þótt (North. E. ‘thof’), followed by a subjunctive, though, although, Lat. etsi, quamquam (very freq.); þóat nokkurum mönnum sýnist þetta með freku sett… þá viljum vér, Fms. vi. 21: phrases as, gef þú mér þó at úverðugri, etsi indignae (dat.), Stj. MS. col. 315, are unclass., and influenced by the Latin: sometimes ellipt. without ‘þó,’ eigi mundi hón þá meir hvata göngu sinni, at (= þóat) hon hraeddist bana sinn, Edda 7, Nj. 64: ‘þó’ and ‘at’ separated, svarar hann þó rétt, at hann svari svá, Grág. i. 23; þó er rétt at nýta, at hann sé fyrr skorinn, answering to Engl. yet—though, Lat. attamen —etsi, K. Þ. K.β. því at, because, Lat. nam, quia, with indic.; því at allir vóru gerfiligir synir hans, Ld. 68; því at af íþróttum verðr maðr fróðr, Sks. 16: separated, því þegi ek, at ek undrumst, Fms. iii. 201; því er þessa getið, at þat þótti, it i s mentioned because …, Ld. 68.γ. svá at, so that, Lat. ut, ita ut; grátrinn kom upp, svá at eingi mátti öðrum segja, Edda 37: separated, so … that, svá úsvúst at …, so bad weather, that, Bs. i. 339, etc.2. it is freq. used superfluously, esp. after relatives; hver at = hverr, quis; því at = því, igitur; hverr at þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða, Fms. v. 159; hvern stvrk at hann mundi fá, 44; ek undrumst hvé mikil ógnarraust at liggr í þér, iii. 201; því at ek mátti eigi þar vera elligar, því at þar var kristni vel haldin, Fas. i. 340.IV. as a relat. conj.:1. temp, when, Lat. quum; jafnan er ( est) mér þá verra er ( quum) ek fer á braut þaðan, en þá at ( quum) ek kem, Grett. 150 A; þar til at vér vitum, till we know, Fms. v. 52; þá at ek lýsta (= þá er), when, Nj. 233.2. since, because; ek færi yðr (hann), at þér eruð í einum hrepp allir, because of your being all of the same Rape, Grág. i. 260; eigi er kynlegt at ( though) Skarphéðinn sé hraustr, at þat er mælt at…, because (since) it is a saying that…, Nj. 64.V. in mod. writers it is also freq. superfluously joined to the conjunctions, ef að = ef, si, (Lv. 45 is from a paper MS.), meðan að = meðan, dum; nema að, nisi; fyrst að = fyrst, quoniam; eptir að, síðan að, postquam; hvárt að = hvárt, Lat. an. In the law we find passages such as, þá er um er dæmt eina sök, at þá eigu þeir aptr at ganga í dóminn, Grág. i. 79; ef þing ber á hina helgu viku, at þat á eigi fyrir þeim málum at standa, 106; þat er ok, at þeir skulu reifa mál manna, 64; at þeir skulu með váttorð þá sök sækja, 65: in all these cases ‘at’ is either superfluous or, which is more likely, of an ellipt. nature, ‘the law decrees’ or ‘it is decreed’ being understood. The passages Sks. 551, 552, 568, 718 B, at lokit (= at ek hefi lokit), at hugleitt (= at ek hefi h.), at sent (= at ek hefi sent) are quite exceptional.4.and að, an indecl. relat. pronoun [Ulf. þatei = ος, ος αν, οστις, οσπερ, οιος, etc.; Engl. that, Ormul. at], with the initial letter dropped, as in the conj. at, (cp. also the Old Engl. at, which is both a conj. and a pronoun, e. g. Barbour vi. 24 in Jamieson: ‘I drede that his gret wassalage, | And his travail may bring till end, | That at men quhilc full litil wend.’ | ‘His mestyr speryt quhat tithings a t he saw.’—Wyntoun v. 3. 89.) In Icel. ‘er’ (the relat. pronoun) and ‘at’ are used indifferently, so that where one MS. reads ‘er,’ another reads ‘at,’ and vice versâ; this may easily be seen by looking at the MSS.; yet as a rule ‘er’ is much more freq. used. In mod. writers ‘at’ is freq. turned into ‘eð,’ esp. as a superfluous particle after the relative pron. hverr (hver eð, hvað eð, hverir eð, etc.), or the demonstr. sá (sá eð, þeir eð, hinir eð, etc.):—who, which, that, enn bezta grip at ( which) hafði til Íslands komið, Ld. 202; en engi mun sá at ( cui) minnisamara mun vera, 242; sem blótnaut at ( quae) stærst verða, Fms. iii. 214; þau tiðendi, at mér þætti verri, Nj. 64, etc. etc.5.n. collision (poët.); odda at, crossing of spears, crash of spears, Höfuðl. 8.6.the negative verbal suffix, v. -a. -
55 KIA
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56 gefa
v (dat+acc) (gef, gaf, gáfum, gefið)1. dát, podatGefðu mér bókina. (rétta)2. dát obdarovatgefa e-ð upp á bátinn - nechat (čeho), přestat s (čím) (hætta við e-ð)Læknirinn gefur barninu inn sýklalyf. (gefa lyf)Stúlkan gefur stráknum ekkert eftir.Strákurinn gefur stúlkunni undir fótinn. / Ég er að gefa þér undir fótinn. (reyna við e-m)Bílstjórinn gefur í á gatnamótunum. (keyra hratt)gefa til kynna - naznačovat, ukazovat (sýna)Skáldið gaf út sína fyrstu ljóðabók. (útgáfa)Meðalið hefur gefist vel.Hún er falleg og vel gefin en allir karlmennirnir sem hún reynir að fara á stefnumót með eru vonlausir. -
57 общая расширяемая структура
общая расширяемая структура
(МСЭ-T H.Sup.4).
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Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > общая расширяемая структура
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58 Global Environmental Facility
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59 gefallen
I 1. * viнравиться, быть по вкусуschlecht gefallen, nicht gefallen — не нравитьсяsich (D) etw. gefallen lassen — мириться с чем-л., терпеть, терпеливо сносить, допускать, позволять что-л.das laß ich mir gefallen — с этим я согласен, этим я доволенsich (D) in etw. (D) gefallen — находить удовлетворение в чём-л.2. * vimpwie hat es dir in Berlin gefallen? — как тебе понравилось в Берлине?II 1. 2. part adj2) павший, околевший ( о животных)3) падшийein gefallener Mensch — опустившийся ( пропащий) человек -
60 do [2]
2. do, dedī, datum, dare (altind. dádā-ti, er gibt, griech. δίδωμι), I) geben, reichen (Ggstz. accipere, annehmen, empfangen, reddere, zurück-, abgeben, remittere, zurück-, dagegenschicken, adimere, nehmen, ferre, davontragen, auferre, mit sich nehmen, entziehen, detrahere, entziehen, eripere, entreißen, poscere, fordern), I) alqd: A) eig.: I) die Hand od. mit der Hand geben, reichen, hergeben, herreichen, hingeben, hinreichen, darreichen, überreichen, schenken, dare (alci) manum, Ov. u. Quint.: dare dextram, Nep. (vgl. dextra unter dexter): alci primum digitum, Catull.: alci assem, Phaedr.: (alci) librum, Hor. u. Nep.: poculum veneni, Cic.: frumentum plebi, Vell.: alci triremem, Nep.: populo Romano hunc vestitum atque arma, Cic.: (alci) viaticum, Plaut. u. Plin. ep.: alci vinum, Verg. – m. Ang. von wo? u. dgl., ut quodcumque opus esset sciret unde daret et meminisset atque annotaret quid et quando et cui dedisset, Col. 12, 3, 4: pretium dedit. Cui dedit? per quem dedit? unde aut quantum dedit? Cic. Rosc. Am. 74: de pane tuo da esurienti et de vestimentis tuis nudis, Ambros. de Tob. 4. – m. Ang. auf welchem Wege? alci per fenestras gladium, Nep. Dion. 9, 6. – m. Ang. wofür? praemium pro pietate, Cic.: cum praemia mihi tanta pro hac industria sint data, Cic. – m. Ang. als was? durch Acc., dextram fidei suae pignus, Curt. 8, 12 (43), 10: pabula utilitatis eorum praemia (als B.) causā, Lucr. 5, 867: merces mihi gloria detur, Ov. fast. 3, 389: od. durch Partiz. Fut. Pass., alci librum ad alqm perferendum dare, Cic. ad Att. 2, 1, 1: saepe ferenda dedit blandis sua verba tabellis, gab zu bestellen, Ov. met. 14, 707. – m. Ang. zu welchem Zweck? fruges in (zur) segetem, Acc. tr. 672. Hyg. fab. 2. – quid do m. folg. ne u. Konj., was gäbe ich darum, daß usw., Sen. contr. 9 (3), 26. § 11 u. 12. Insbes.: a) Geschenke od. Mitgift od. als (zum) Geschenk od. zur Mitgift geben, bescheren, überreichen, schenken, dare donum, Ter. u. Cic.: alci dona, Plaut.: dona amicis ceterisque pro cuiusque merito, Curt.: (alci) munus, Verg. u.a.: dotes, Nep.: paulum des crebro, Nov. com. fr.: ut haberet quod statim daret, Nep.: si suum munus qui dedissent (die Geber) adimere vellent, Liv. – m. Ang. als was? alci canem munus (als G.), Ov.: alqd (alci) dotem (als M.), Komik. – mit Ang. zu welchem Zweck? maestas munus in (zu) exsequias, Tibull. 2, 4, 44. – m. Ang. wozu? durch Dat., alci alqd dono, Ter. u. Nep.: muneri alqd, Nep. u. Quint.: doti alci alqd, Nep. – quod praesens tamquam in manus datur iucundius est, Geschenke, die uns gleichsam bar in die Hand gedrückt werden, Cic. de off. 2, 60. – absol., illos qui dant, eos derides, Plaut.: prior ad dandum qui est, Ter. – Partiz. subst., α) dāns, antis, m., der Geber, Hor. ep. 2, 1, 246. – β) datum, ī, n., die Gabe, das Geschenk, Sing. bei Augustin. solil. 18, 5 (Liv. 22, 10, 3 Glossem); Plur. bei Plaut. asin. 166 u. Pseud. 306. Ov. met. 6, 463. Prop. 3, 15, 6.
b) den Göttern, Manen od. übh. jmdm. ein Weihgeschenk, Opfer u. dgl. geben, bringen, darbringen, weihen, opfern, α) den Göttern, munera, Ov.: Apollini donum, Nep.: Apollini signa inaurata, Liv.: alci templum, Ov.: alci victimam, porcam, Ov.: alci piaculum porco, Macr.: sacra piaculaque apud lucum Dianae per pontifices, Tac.: more Romano suovetaurilia, Tac.: exta deo, Ov.: exta perperam, Liv.: tus, Ov.: tura, Tibull.: divis tura benignis, Hor.: tura focis vinumque, Ov.: Oceano libamenta, Iustin. – β) den Manen u. Toten, inferias manibus, Ov. u. Suet. (vgl. inferiae): germanae iusta ante suae, Ov. – γ) jmdm.: alci lacrimam od. lacrimas, Ov.: o quantum patriae sanguinis ille dedit! Ov.
c) Briefe usw. jmdm. geben, u. zwar; α) jmdm. (zur Bestellung) geben, einhändigen, mitgeben, litteras od. epistulam alci, Cic.: alci litteras ad alqm, Cic.: datis iam epistulis diem commutare, Cic.: erit cotidie cui des, du wirst ja täglich Gelegenheit finden, Cic. – β) jmdm. geben = an jmd. abgeben, jmdm. einhändigen, alci litteras, Cic.: epistulam accubanti in convivio, Nep. – γ) (v. Briefschreiber) an jmd. geben, senden, absenden, tres epistulae eodem abs te datae tempore, Cic.: litteras ex Trebulano a Pontio, Cic.: litteras Trallibus (zu T., von T. aus), Cic.: ut quo dem (wir: wohin ich adressiere) posthac litteras sciam, Cic.: litteras publicas sine subscriptione ad alqm dare, Suet.: ante lucem V III. Kal. litteras ad alqm, Cic.: discedens dabo ad te aliquid, Cic.: data pridie Kal. Decembr., Cic.: datum VI. Id. Ian., Cic.
d) Geld usw. (u. übtr. Strafe) geben, beitragen, zahlen, bezahlen, auszahlen, entrichten, für jmd. od. etw. ausgeben, α) eig.: symbolam, Ter.: aes u. aera, Hor. u. Ov.: pecuniam, Cic.: decies centena huic parco, Hor.: quantum quisque daret, Nep.: huic aliquid paulum prae manu, Ter.: dic, quid vis dari tibi in manum? Ter. – mit Ang. als was? alci magnam pecuniam mutuam, Cic. ad Att. 11, 3, 3: huic salarium (als B.) de nostro privato aerario annuos frumenti modios tria milia, Treb. Poll. Claud. 14, 3. – m. Ang. woher? pecuniam a se, Plaut, trin. 182 (vgl. im folg. aus Monum. Anc.): omnia ex sua re familiari, Nep. Att. 7, 1. – m. Ang. wofür? pecuniam pro praediis a se, Monum. Anc. col. I, 1, 19. p. LXVIII ed. Momms.: quantum pro Caesaris ipse avolsa cervice daret, Lucan. 8, 11: cogitans et in pontibus pro transitu dari, Passierzoll gegeben werde, Sen. de const. sap. 14, 2. – m. Ang. wozu? durch Dat., dare milia terna macello, Hor. sat. 2, 4, 76. – Partiz. subst, data, ōrum, n., die Ausgaben (Ggstz. accepta, die Einnahmen), ut par sit ratio acceptorum et datorum, Cic. de amic. 58. – β) übtr., Strafe usw. geben, dare poenas, Str. leiden, bestraft werden (Ggstz. poenas accipere, büßen lassen, bestrafen), Cic. u.a. (s. poenadas Nähere): d. damnum, s. damnum: pretium pro noxa, Liv. Andr. fr.: Novio Prisco et Glitio Gallo data exsilia, traf das Los der v., Tac.: daturos quod Lars Tolumnius dedisset responderi iussit. Liv.
e) einen Stoff spenden, liefern, volucres mella daturae, Ov. fast. 5, 271: nec scombris tunicas (Hüllen zum Einpacken) dabis molestas, Mart. 4, 86, 8: u. so et laxas scombris saepe dabunt (Volusi annales) tunicas, Catull. 95, 8: im Bilde, materiam dare invidiae, Cic. Phil. 11, 21: materiam omnem sermonem eorum, qui de te detrahere vellent, Statium dedisse, Cic. ad Q. fr. 1, 2. 3.
f) als publiz. t.t., dem Richter die Stimmtäfelchen einhändigen, an die Richter austeilen, tabellam dare de alqo, Cic.: alci dare in iudicando litteram salutarem od. tristem (ein Stimmtäfelchen mit A = absolvo, od. mit C = condemno), Cic.: tabellae ministrabantur ita, ut nulla daretur UTI ROGAS, Cic.
g) als t.t. des Brettspiels, dare calculum, einen Stein ziehen (Ggstz. reducere, zurückziehen), Cic. Hortens. fr. 60 M. Quint. 11, 2, 88.
h) eine Klageschrift abgeben, einreichen, dare libellum, s. libellus.
i) (v. Reiter, Wagenlenker) die Zügel schießen lassen (Ggstz. premere), dare lora, Verg.: frena, Ov.: laxas habenas, die Z. verhängen, Verg.
k) Speisen auf die Tafel geben, setzen, aufsetzen, austragen lassen, vorsetzen, partem ceteram (carnium) mensis, Ov.: alci turdum, Hor.: semesi lardi frusta, Hor.: absol., quid dem? quid non dem? renuis tu, quod iubet aster, Hor.: ›sume, catelle‹, negat; si non des, optat, Hor.
l) Nahrung usw. od. zur Nahrung usw. reichen, α) übh., alimenta lactis puero, Ov.: u. (übtr.) ali menta igni, Curt.: de mensa sua ossa, Phaedr. – m. Ang. wozu? durch Dat., alqd esui dare, Plin.: potioni dare aquam, Cels. – m. Infin., dare bibere, Plaut. u. Cato: bibere da usque plenis cantharis, Plaut. – β) Arznei usw. reichen, geben, eingeben, beibringen, pueris absinthia taetra, Lucr.: abrotonum aegro, Hor.: aliquid potionis, Plaut.: alci potionem, Cels. u. Quint., potiones, Scrib.: alci medicamentum, Cels. u.a.: patri soporem, Nep.: alci venenum, Curt. u.a. (vgl. venenum).
m) eine Mahlzeit, Festlichkeit geben, anstellen, veranstalten, alci cenam, Komik., Cic. u.a.: alci epulum, Cic. u.a. (dah. dans epulum, der Gastgeber, Sen.): alci epulas, Tac.: (alci) prandium, Cic. u.a.: nataliciam in hortis, Cic.: exsequias, Ov.: ludos, Suet.: munus (gladiatorium), s. mūnus: fabulam, zur Aufführung bringen, Ter. u. Cic.: so auch Menandri Phasma, Ter.
n) einen Schlag geben, Wunden beibringen (Ggstz. accipere, ferre), dare alci alapam, Vulg., colaphum, Spart.: (alci) vulnus, vulnera, Ov. u.a. (vgl. vulnus).
o) etw. einer Sache übergeben, überlassen, preisgeben, corpus quieti, Acc. fr.: ventis colla comasque, Verg.: undis latus (v. Schiffe), Verg.: boum caesorum membra palato, Ov.: telo pectus inermum, Verg. – bes. vela dare ventis, die Segel den Winden überlassen, preisgeben, Verg. u.a.: ebenso dare classem ventis, Pacat. pan. – u. vela od. lintea dare (die Segel richten) m. Advv. u. dgl., s. 1. vēlumu. linteum.
p) wohin geben, bringen, legen, tun, werfen, α) m. Advv., scripta foras, herausgeben, Cic. ep.: alqd praeceps (bildl. = in Gefahr bringen, famam), Tac.: retro capillos, Ov.: iugulum retro, Cels.: arida circum nutrimenta, Verg.: d. pessum, s. 1. pessum. – β) m. Dat., bald = auf etw. od. in etw. werfen, vagae arenae ossibus particulam, Hor.: ignibus ista, Prop. – bald = in etw. legen, corpus tumulo, Ov.: urnae ossa, Pers. – bald = etw. an od. um etw. legen, einer Sache anlegen, brachia collo, Verg.: brachia nitidis virginibus, Hor.: alci rei frenos (bildl.), Liv. 34, 2, 13: posti florida serta, Tibull.: septena fila lyrae, Ov.: picta carinae vela (poet. = die Segel aufhissen), Ov. – γ) m. Praepp.: αα) m. in od. m. circum od. m. super u. Akk., funera in altos rogos, Ov.: in fluvios gelidos ardentia morbo membra, tauchen, Lucr.: pleraque secum in profundum, stürzen lassen, Curt.: in aurem castoreum cum aceto, Cels.: id in suam sedem, in seine gehörige Lage, Cels.: Tyrias circum illota toralia vestes, breiten um usw., Hor.: alteram fasciam ab altera parte super caput, führen, Cels.: u. so a (von) sinistro (iugulo) ad (bis zu) dextram alam rursusque sub ala sana (unter der gef. A. durch) fasciam d., Cels. – ββ) m. ad u. Akk., ad intortos brachia funes, ausstrecken nach usw., Ov. met. 3, 679.
q) m. prädik. Acc. des Adi. = etw. so u. so geben, stellen, saepe dabis nudum latus, Tibull. 1, 4, 52.
2) ein Zeichen (Kennzeichen, Merkmal) mit der Hand, mit einem Blasinstr. od. sonstwie geben, s. sīgnum, indicium, nota.
3) die Kehle, den Nacken, den Rücken geben, hinreichen, reichen, hinhalten, iugulum (alci), Cic.: alci cervices, Cic.: cervicem ad ictum alcis, Vell.: cervices crudelitati nefariae, bildl. = sich fügen od. schmiegen unter usw., Cic.: terga verberibus, Pacat. pan. 30, 5. – insbes., als milit. t.t. u. übtr., terga dare, den Rücken wenden, fliehen, s. tergum.
4) den Mund, einen Kuß geben, dare (alci) oscula, Ov. (vgl. osculum): alci basium, Petron., basia mille, Catull.: alci savium, Komik, u. Cic.
B) übtr.: 1) geben, gewähren, verleihen, bestimmen, erweisen, a) übh.: α) im guten Sinne: da, nate, petenti, quod etc., Verg.: quod petis a nobis, obrutus ille dabit, Ov.: dare alci somnum (v. der Arbeit), Ov.: (alci) quietem, Cic. u. Curt.: requiem terrae, Ov.: tres horas exercitui ad quietem, Caes.: alci vitam, Cic.: his lacrimis vitam, schenken, Verg.: dare beneficia (Ggstz. reddere od. accipere), Cic. u. Sall.: merita (Ggstz. accipere), Cic.: alci civitatem (das Bürgerrecht), Vell.: nomen alci, Hor., alci rei, Liv. (vgl. nomen): alci cognomen pingui, Hor.: alci od. facto impunitatem, Iustin.: servis libertatem, Iustin.: honores, Hor.: alci caelestes honores, Curt.: alci od. huic consilio palmam, Cic. u. Ter.: alci pro tantis meritis honoris coronam, Nep.: alci caelum, Ov. u. Curt., aditum ad caelum, Cic.: alci victoriam, s. victōria: hanc gratiam, Ter.: alci multa solacia, Cic.: alci laetitiam, Cic.: soli et lunae divinitatem, Cic.: precibus eventum vestris, Liv.: mobilibus decorem naturis, Hor.: famam rebus, Pacat. pan.: novum his erroribus orbem, Tibull.: alci veniam, s. venia. – datum hoc nostro generi est, ut etc., es ist Bestimmung unseres G., daß usw., Liv. 10, 28, 13. – m. folg. Infin., est cui cognomen corvus habere dedit, Prop. 3, 11, 64: mihi multa vetustas scire dedit, Ov. met. 14, 696: u. so auch Lucan. 6, 775. Pers. 5, 104. – Partiz. subst., dāns, antis, m., der Geber (Ggstz. accipiens, der Empfänger), si summa petantur, et dantem et accipientem praegravatura, Liv. 35, 42, 14. – β) im üblen Sinne, jmdm. etw. bescheren, einbrocken, heimgeben (s. Brix Plaut, capt. 463. Lorenz Plaut. Pseud. 151. p. 94, b. Spengel Plaut. truc. 2, 8, 4), observa quid dabo, Plaut.: specta quid dedero, Plaut.: sic datur, da hast du deinen Lohn! Plaut.; od. so wird's gelohnt! da haben wir's! Plaut.
b) insbes.: α) v. den Göttern: quod boni di mihi danunt, Plaut.: dato quae precamur tempore sacro, Hor.: si di dare cuncta potestis, Ov.: hoc tantum boni, quod vobis a dis immortalibus oblatum et datum est, Cic.: d. alci augurium, Ov.: nobis victoriam, Liv.: alci mentem, ut faciat huic insidias, Cic. – m. folg. Infin., di tibi dent captā classem reducere (al. deducere) Troiā, Hor. sat. 2, 3, 191: u. so Lucr. 3, 1028. Verg. Aen. 1, 79 u.ö. Ov. met. 1, 486 u.ö. Plin. ep. 6, 16, 3. – m. folg. ut u. Konj., quod nostrae aetati dii dederunt, ut videremus, Liv. 1, 19, 3: u. so Liv. 1, 54, 5; 30, 12, 12. – m. folg. ne u. Konj., da femina ne sim, Ov. met. 12, 202: u. so ibid. 12, 206.
β) v. Schicksal usw., Cinarae breves annos fata dederunt, Hor.: ea fato quodam data nobis sors est, ut etc., Liv.: principatum fato dari, Suet.: quotiens fortuna contra daret, Tac. – m. folg. Infin., si vivere nobis fata diu dederint, Ov. met. 7, 692: u. so ibid. 14, 843. Sil. 13, 144: v. der Parze, Hor. carm. 2, 16, 39. – m. folg. ut u. Konj., quod mihi si tantum fata dedissent, ut etc., Prop. 2, 1, 17: u. so Plin. ep. 8, 18, 5. – absol., si fors dedit, Calp.: sat patriae Priamoque datum est, ist geschehen für usw., Verg.
γ) v. der Natur, verleihen, oculos natura nobis ad motus animorum declarandos dedit, Cic.: illis maiorem natura modum dedit, his breve pondus, Hor.: leges, quae naturā sunt omnibus datae, Quint.: noli affectare quod tibi non est datum, Phaedr.: quod paucis datum est, Plin.: pennis non homini datis, Hor. – m. folg. Infin., varieque datum sit membra movere, Lucr. 4, 875: si modo senescere datum est, Plin. ep. 3, 1, 1; vgl. Hor. ep. 1, 1, 32.
2) ein Geschäft, einen Auftrag, ein Amt usw. jmdm. geben, übergeben, zuteilen, erteilen, übertragen, überweisen, a) ein Geschäft, einen Auftrag, dare alci negotium, s. negōtium; alci mandata, s. mandātum. – u. bl. dare alci m. folg. Infin., datum (es wurde der Auftrag gegeben) posthac C. Cassio deducere iuvenem ripam ad Euphratis, Tac. ann. 12, 11. – b) ein Amt usw., dare alci potestatem, imperium, legationem u. dgl., s. potestāsusw.: dare alci fasces, Cic. u. Hor.: alci summam imperii, Nep.: alci provinciam, Cic.: alci Cappadociam, Nep.: alci regnum, Eutr.: alci diadema, Curt.
3) einen Ort, eine Zeit usw. jmdm. anweisen, zuweisen, bestimmen, alci sedem inter inferos, Suet.: alci locum in theatro, Suet.: alci locum in theatro inter viatores tribunicios, Tac.: eum locum colloquio, Liv.: media acies Ubiis Lingonibusque data, Tac.: mille pedes in fronte, trecentos in agrum, Hor.: requiem modumque voce remis, gebieten, Ov.: detur nobis locus, hora, custodes, Hor.: nuptiis hanc diem, Pacuv. fr.: relicum noctis utrimque quieti datum, Liv.
4) etw. bieten, α) darbieten, praeclare convenit, aut da melius, Cic.: accipio quod datur, Cic. – β) anheimgeben, ultionem privato odio magis quam publicae vindictae, Vell. 2, 7, 6.
5) Zeit, Studium usw. einer Sache widmen, auf etw. verwenden, α) m. Dat.: corpori omne tempus, Cic.: agris tempus, Pacat. pan.: lucis partem ultimam mensae, Ov.: noctem somno, Ov.: prima tempora illis, Ov.: aestivos menses reliquos rei militari, hibernos iurisdictioni, Cic.: reliquam partem diei tribunali, Plin. ep.: studiis annos septem. Hor.: iis artibus a primis temporibus aetatis studium suum, Cic.: ingenium illustre altioribus studiis, Tac.: u. insbes., operam dare m. Dat. (wem?), s. opera. – β) m. ad od. in u. Akk., aliquid temporis ad ludum aetatis, Cic.: plus in hoc studii, Quint.
6) einräumen = zugeben, zugestehen, das Zugeständnis machen, willfahren, nachlassen, a) übh.: id gratiae, Liv.: id misericordiae, Cic.: id precibus Artabani, Tac.: hoc precibus meis, Curt.: consanguinitati hoc, ut etc., Liv.: aliquid famae, Hor.: multa famae, Sen.: quantum autem consuetudini famaeque dandum sit, id curent vivi, Cic.: nihil neque gratiae dari neque de iure patriae decīdi posse, Iustin.: m. folg. ut u. Konj., dabat et famae (auch der öffentlichen Meinung tat er es zuliebe), ut etc., Tac. ann. 1, 7. – b) als philos t.t., einräumen, zugeben, zugestehen, si das hoc, Hor.: da supremum tempus, nimm das äußerste Lebensziel an, Cic.: id quoque damus et libenter quidem, Cic.: quem tibi hoc daturum putas? Cic.: quae dederam supra relego (nehme ich zurück), Pers. – m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Cic. Acad. 2, 50; de fin. 2, 86; Verr. 3, 218. Lucr. 3, 539. Hor. sat. 1, 4, 39. – m. folg. ut u. Konj., da nunc, ut crimine manifesto prematur dux bonus, Quint. 12, 1, 43. – c) als publiz. t.t., v. Behörden, bewilligen, zugestehen, überlassen, gewähren, anordnen, dare alci senatum, Sall. u.a.: alci contionem, Cic.: iudicium iniuriarum, actionem rei, Cic.: alci pacem, Liv. u.a.: foedus et amicitiam, Sall.: alci indutias, Liv. (s. indūtiaedas Nähere). – bes. v. Prätor, dessen Vefugnis ist do (ich gewähre, näml. Klagen, Rechte), dico (ich spreche, näml. das Urteil), addico (ich spreche zu, näml. das Eigentum), Varro LL. 6, 30. Macr. sat. 1, 16, 14. – d) obszön, leisten, quod nec das et fers saepe, facis facinus, Catull. 110, 4: quando notum est, et quid ille tibi et quid illi tute dederis, Cic. fr. bei Suet. Caes. 49, 3: absol., nulla est poscendi, nulla est reverentia dandi, Prop. 3, 13, 13.
7) einräumen = gestatten, zugestehen, bewilligen, überlassen, lassen, dare locum, spatium, viam, aditum, accessum, ascensum u. dgl., dare otium, tempus u. dgl., dare copiam, potestatem, facultatem, occasionem, optionem u. dgl., dare usum, usuram, s. alle diese Substst. – dah. dare m. Infin., da mihi fallere, Hor. ep. 1, 16, 61: u. so Iuven. 14, 30. Amm. 16, 12, 11. – dare (alci) m. ut u. Konj., Cic. Acad. 1, 24; ad Att. 14, 13. litt. A. § 3. Liv. 41, 8, 9. Tac. ann. 3, 69. – m. bl. Konj., Orest. tr. 15. – u. datur, es wird od. ist verstattet, erlaubt, man darf, man kann, m. Infin., Verg. Aen. 1, 409. (u.a. Dichter). Quint. 10, 7, 22. Plin. ep. 1, 10, 5. Tac. ann. 3, 67: m. folg. ut u. Konj., Tac. ann. 2, 53 u.a.: m. folg. ne u. Konj., Tac. ann. 3, 23. – absol., coëant in foedera dextrae, quā datur, Verg.: in quantum praeumbrante imperatoris fastigio datur, clarus, Tac. ann. 14, 47 in.
8) alci m. prädik. Dat. (zu), zu od. als etw. anrechnen, in den Redensarten laudi, vitio, crimini dare od. dari, s. 1. laus, vitium, crīmen.
9) einem Zustande aussetzen, preisgeben, überlassen, anheimgeben, dare alqd exitio, Lucr.: summas arces Italûm excidio, Verg.: urbem excidio ac ruinis, Liv.: captum oppidum praedae, Liv.: alia oblivioni aut neglegentiae, Liv. – m. in u. Akk., in praedas stantem urbem, Sil. 1, 455.
10) m. in od. ad u. Akk., a) in eine Lage usw. bringen, stellen, alqd in conspectum, zur Schau stellen, Curt.: alqd in medium, der Öffentlichkeit übergeben, verraten, Lucr.: alqd ad populi partes, der Teilnahme des V. eröffnen, Cic. – b) in einen Zustand versetzen, in splendorem bullas has foribus nostris, Plaut. asin. 426.
11) m. prädik. Partiz. Perf. od. Gerundivum, übergeben, darbieten, überlassen, lassen, Caere intactum inviolatumque crimine belli hospitio Vestalium cultisque diis darent, Liv. 7, 20, 7. – d. vineas colendas, Eutr.: diripiendam urbem, Cic.: laceranda suae viscera matri, Ov.: id alci cogitandum, zu bedenken geben, Cic.: tantas res alci scribendas, Cic.: librum ipsi legendum, Nep.: omnia in medium discenda, allen zum Lernen darbieten, Ov.
II) alqm (auch corpus, membra, animum): A) eig.: 1) im allg., geben, überweisen, hanc mi in manum dat, sie legt unsere Hände ineinander, Ter. Andr. 297: alqm dare mancipio, s. mancipium.
2) wohin bringen, infans aliorsum (anderswohin, aus dem Hause) datus, Gell. 12, 1, 22: alqm in hanc domum, Ter. eun. 365: hostem in medium, in die Mitte nehmen, einschließen, Lucan. 7, 366. – od. wohin stecken, m. Dat., catenis fatale monstrum, Hor. carm. 1, 37, 20: mollibus ora capistris, Verg. georg. 3, 188: m. in u. Akt., alqm in caveam, Plaut. capt. 124. – od. wo hinein tauchen, in fluvios gelidos ardentia morbo membra, Lucr. 6, 1171. – od. wohin strecken, stürzen, maerore dari in lectum, Lucr.: u. dare alqm ad terram, Plaut. u. Suet.: alqm in terram, Lucr.: alqm praecipitem ad terram, Liv.: u. bl. dare alqm praecipitem, zu Falle bringen, Ter., od. aus dem Hause werfen, Ter. (vgl. bildl., postea ambitione praeceps datus est, kam zu Falle, Sall. Iug. 63, 6): eoque ictu me ad casum dari, zum Falle gebracht werden, Acc. fr.
3) jmd. (einem) in irgend einer Eigenschaft geben, a) geben = beigeben, stellen, vatem, Hor.: duos collegas, Nep.: alci uxorem, s. uxor: comites, Curt.: duces itineris de captivis, Curt.: obsides (alci), Caes.: milites, Eutr.: nullum militem dare posse, Liv.: dare arbitrum, Cic.: iudicem, praedem, testem, vadem, s. iūdex, 1. praes, 1. tēstis, 1. vas: alci custodem et paedagogum, Sen.: alci tutorem, Eutr.: alci successorem, Suet.: alqm alci in consilium, Nep.: dabo, cui credas, Tac. – m. dopp. Acc. (jmd. als od. zu usw.), alqm comitem, Curt.: Phrygias catervas comites, Lucr.: alqm arbitrum inter etc., Cic.: libertinum militem, Vell.: obsidem filium, Eutr.: alqm alci coheredem, Suet.: alqm alci successorem, Suet. u. Iustin.: alqm vicarium, Traian. in Plin. ep. – im Passiv m. dopp. Nom., Hadrianus decemvir litibus iudicandis datus, Spart.: u. im Abl. absol. m. dopp. Abl., dato adiutore Pharnabazo, Nep. Con. 4, 2. – b) geben, verleihen, übergeben, anvertrauen, alci cognatos (v. der Natur), Hor.: natam od. filiam genero, Verg. u. Ov.: infantem nutrici, Ov.: alqm grammatico, Capit.: u. poet., fidibus divos puerosque deorum, Hor. – m. dopp. Acc. (jmd. als od. zu), alci alqm virum (zum M. = zum Gatten), Ter.: alqm alci socerum, Ov.: nobilem virginem servo suo pelicem, Curt. – m. 1. Supin., dare alqam alci nuptum, eine an jmd. verheiraten, Komik., Nep. u.a. (s. Drak. Liv. 1, 49, 9). – u. alqm alci m. Gerundiv, dilaceranda feris dabor alitibusque, Catull.: datur mihi custodiendus, Afran. fr.: exsulibusne datur ducenda (wird hingegeben, um sie als Frau heimzuführen) Teucris? Verg. – zugl. m. dopp. Acc., equites pignora (als U.) pacis custodiendos Luceriam, Liv. 9, 15, 7.
4) jmdm. geben = über jmd. setzen, an die Spitze stellen von usw., Albanis regem, Eutr.: Orienti Caesarem, Eutr.: principem Romanae rei publicae, Spart. – m. dopp. Acc. (jmd. als od. zu), alqm tribunum quintae legioni, Treb. Poll.: trecentos exsules iudices rectoresque civitati, Iustin.: im Passiv mit dopp. Nom., leviter armatis dux (als A.) datus est Mullinus, Curt. B) übtr.: 1) in ein Verhältnis, eine Lage geben, hingeben, illam sine dote in tantas divitias (in ein so reiches Haus), Plaut.: filiam in sortem, der Losung unterwerfen, zum Losen stellen, Suet.: alqm in adoptionem, zur A. entlassen, Quint.: in adoptionem od. in familiam alcis dari, von jmd. adoptiert werden, Vell.: alqm aut vivum aut mortuum in potestatem, Liv.: alqam in matrimonium, zur Frau geben od. geben wollen (anbieten), Caes. u. Liv.: alqm in omnem memoriam, dem ewigen G. übergeben, Sen.
2) jmd. in eine schlimme Lage bringen, alqm in praeceps (Gefahr), Liv.
3) jmd. in einen andern äußern od. innern Zustand versetzen (s. Brix Plaut. capt. 959), alqm in ruborem dare totum, Plaut.: alqm in timorem, Plaut.: animum in luctus, in Tr. versenken, Ov.: alqm ad languorem, Komik.
4) jmd. einem Zustande überlassen, placido sua corpora somno, Ov. met. 6, 489: caput et ceterum truncum sepulturae, begraben, Suet. Galb. 20, 2.
5) jmd. einem Zustande aussetzen, preisgeben, im Passiv = anheimfallen, alqm tormentis, Capit.: alqm exitio, Lucr. u. Ov.: alqm morti, Hor.: catervatim morbo mortique dari, Lucr.: alqm neci, Acc. fr. u. Verg.: alqm leto, Enn. fr., Pacuv. fr., Ov. u.a. ( leto datus auch Cic. de legg. 2, 22 im archaist. Gesetzstil): fortia corpora leto, Verg. – m. ad u. Akk., alqm ad iniurias alcis, Cic.
6) jmd. in einen Zustand nötigen, hostes in fugam, zur Fl. nötigen, in die Fl. schlagen, Caes.: Sestum incolentes in deditionem, zur Üb. zwingen, Liv.
III) dare se (u. im Passiv dari), v. Pers.u.v. Lebl., A) eig.: 1) sich in den Bereich jmds. od. einer Örtl. begeben, sich jmdm. od. wo zeigen, det mihi se, käme er nur in meinen Bereich, mir zu nahe, Ov. met. 12, 12, 594: mi ipsum iam dudum optabam te dari, daß ich dich antreffe, Ter. heaut. 758: dare populo se et coronae, Cic. Verr. 3, 49: da te urbi, da te curiae, zeige dich in der St., zeige dich in der K., Vopisc. Florian. 16 (6), 5: non aequo dare se campo, sich nicht in das Blachfeld wagen, sich nicht zum Kampfe stellen, Verg. Aen. 9, 56: spumantem dari votis optat aprum, in seinen Jagdbereich komme, anlaufe, Verg. Aen. 4, 158. – mit in u. Akk., se in medias acies, mitten hinein in das Heer treten, Verg. Aen. 12, 227. – m. prädik. Acc., da mihi te talem, zeige dich (erscheine mir) als solcher, Ov. met. 3, 295.
2) sich dem Feinde ergeben, dare se ultro, Amm. 15, 2, 60: sponte se propriā, Amm. 17, 2, 3.
3) sich wohin begeben, werfen, stürzen, m. Advv., se intro, Cic. Caecin. 13: se super (sc. in ignem), Verg. Aen. 4, 606: exinde se ilico protenam, Plaut. Curc. 363: dari alci obviam, begegnen, Ter. adelph. 311: v. Lebl., hāc se foras, Lucr. 1, 1105 (1113). – m. Dat., pedibus se protinam, sich auf die Beine machen (Fersengeld geben), Naev. com. 35. – sese fluvio, Verg. Aen. 11, 565: u. (im Bilde) se civilibus fluctibus, Nep. Att. 6, 1. – m. Praepp., sese in pedes, sich auf die Beine machen (Fersengeld geben), Plaut.: se in viam, Cic.: e scopulo se in pontum, Ov.: se iactu aequor in altum, Verg.: v. Lebl., dabit se in tormenta vita beata, wird mit auf die Folter gehen, Cic. Tusc. 5, 80. – zugl. m. prädik. Nom. od. Acc., praeceps saltu sese dedit in fluvium, Verg.: semet ipsi in pelagus ex certa rupe praecipites dant, Mela: quo nunc me praecipitem darem, Ter.: hic se praecipitem tecto dedit, Hor.: dare se (alci) obvium, jmdm. entgegenkommen, -treten, Liv. 1, 16, 6, u. in den Wurf kommen = einfallen (v. Versen), Macr. 5, 3, 1: u. so (v. leb. Wesen) obvium dari, entgegen-, in den Wurf kommen, Liv. 26, 27, 12.
4) sich einer Sache hingeben, α) tätig, v. Pers., an etw. teilnehmen, dare se convivio, Suet. Caes. 31: se haec in bella, Verg. Aen. 12, 633. – β) passiv, v. Schiffen, vento dare se, vor dem W. fahren, Caes. b.G. 3, 13, 9.
B) übtr.: dare se, 1) sich fügen, sich hingeben, da modo te, Ov. her. 15, 57 R. (16, 161): dent modo se superi, seien mir gnädig, Sil. 3, 150: si se dant, wenn sie sich fügen, d.i. empfänglich sind, Cic. de or. 2, 187.
2) sich zeigen, sich finden, sich darbieten, sich einstellen, v. Lebl., quocumque tempore se dabunt vires, Verg. Aen. 4, 627: an nesciebas, quam eius modi homini raro tempus se daret? sich die Gelegenheit uns bietet, Plaut. Bacch. 676: uni se ex Sabinis fors dare visa est privato consilio imperii recuperandi, Liv. 1, 45, 3.
3) sich jmdm. hingeben, ergeben, sich an jmd. anschließen, jmdm. zu Willen sein, sich in jmds. Willen fügen, se alci, Komik., Cic. u.a.: se regibus, Cic.: se legionibus, Tac. – m. prädik. Acc. des Gerundiv, demus nos huic excolendos (zur Ausbildung), Cic. Tusc. 4, 84. 4) sich einer Lage, einem Zustande hingeben, überlassen, dare se somno, Cic.: se quieti, Caes. u. Plin. ep.: iterum se quieti et somno, Val. Max. (dah. im Passiv quieti datus, eingeschlummert, Arnob. 2, 21): se fugae, sich auf die Fl. begeben, Cic.: se gemitui, Cic. – m. in u. Akk., sese in fugam, Fersengeld geben, Cic. Verr. 4, 95: se in casum irrevocabilem, Liv.: se rempublicamque in casus, Tac. – m. ad u. Akt., se ad lenitatem, Milde eintreten lassen, Cic. ep. 13, 1, 4.
5) sich in etw., bes. in ein Verhältnis einlassen, in etw. eintreten, treten, dare se in sermonem, Comic. fr. bei Cic.: familiariter se in eorum sermonem insinuare ac dare, Cic.: dare se in consuetudinem sic, ut etc., Cic.: bene penitus in istius familiaritatem sese dare, Cic.: u. dare alci se in adoptionem, sich von jmd. adoptieren lassen, Suet.
6) sich einer Sache ergeben, hingeben, widmen, sich an etw. machen, sich auf etw. legen, α) m. Dat., se labori et itineribus, Cic.: se duritiae, Nep.: se rei familiari vitaeque rusticae, Cic.: se voluptatibus, Turpil. fr. u. Cic.: se iucunditati, Cic.: se historiae, Cic.: se philosophiae, Capit.: se huic generi litterarum, Cic.: se auctoritati senatus, das A. des S. zu sördern suchen, Cic.: mit prädik. Acc. eines Adi., se totos libidinibus, Cic. Tusc. 1, 72: des Gerundivi, non se luxu neque inertiae corrumpendum dare, Sall. Iug. 6, 1. – β) m. in u. Akk., in eam exercitationem ita se studiose, ut etc., Cic. Tusc. 1, 7. – γ) m. ad u. Akk., se ad συντάξεις, Cic. ad Att. 15, 14, 1. – bes. m. ad u. Akk. des Gerundii u. Gerundivi, se ad docendum, Cic.: se ad ius respondendum, Cic.: se ad defendendos homines, Cic.: se non modo ad legendos libros, sed etiam ad totam philosophiam pertractandam, Cic.
7) dare se m. prädik. Acc., α) eines Subst., sich hergeben zu usw., temeritatis me omnium potius socium (zum G.) quam unius prudentiae dedi, Liv. 6, 24, 9. – β) eines Adi., sich so u. so zeigen, dare se facilem, Ter.: se alci hilarum, Plaut.: se alci placidum, Ov.
8) dare se m. Adv., a) v. Pers., sich so u. so geben, -halten, -benehmen, mirum ni ego me turpiter hodie hic dabo, mich blamiere, Ter. eun. 230: usque quaque, inquis, se Domitii male dant, bringen uns Unglück, Cael. in Cic. ep. 8, 15, 2. – b) v. Lebl., sich so u. so machen, sich so u. so gestalten, ut se initia dederint perscribat, Cic. ad Att. 3, 23, 5: omnibus nobis ut res dant sese, ita etc., Ter. Hec. 380: ita dat se res, ut operam dabit, Enn. fr. scen. 269: eaque ferme se dedēre melius consultoribus quam etc., *Afran. com. 332: multa adeo gelidā melius se nocte dedēre, macht sich (wird getan) vorteilhafter, Verg. georg. 1, 287: omnibus feliciter hic locus se dedit, kam glücklich zustatten, Sen. ep. 79, 5: negotia ingentia nec se dant facile et etc., Sen. de ira 3, 7, 1.
II) von sich geben, A) eig.: 1) aus sich hervorgeben, castum cruorem, vergießen, Ov.: u. so lacrimas, Tr. vergießen, weinen, Ov.: ore colores, strahlen lassen, Verg.: v. Lebl., ara dabat fumos, ließ aufsteigen, Ov.
2) Töne od. Worte von sich geben, a) Töne von sich geben, hören-, verlauten-, vernehmen lassen, sonum, Verg.: sonitum, Lucr. u. Ov.: fragorem, Ov.: balatus, Hyg.; mugitum, mugitus, Ov.: plausum, Cic. u. Hor.: clamorem, Verg.: cantus, Verg.: Phrygios modos, Ov.: gemitum u. gemitus, Ov.: sibila vibratā linguā, Ov.: felices cantus ore sonante, Tibull.
b) Worte von sich geben, hören-, vernehmen lassen, lingua vix tales icto dedit aëre voces, hauchte kaum hörbar solcherlei Worte, Ov.: talia dicta dabat (dedit), er ließ sich also vernehmen, Verg. u. Ov.: u. so haec dicta dabat, Liv.
3) in Worten von sich geben, a) angeben, anzeigen, mitteilen, nennen, sagen, berichten, erzählen, ipsa quod res dedit ac docuit nos, Lucr.: cum auctoribus hoc dedi, quibus dignius credi est, Liv.: unum da mihi ex oratoribus illis, qui dicat etc., Cic. – m. dopp. Acc., qualem te fama dabat videmus, Val. Flacc. 5, 506. – m. folg. inoir. Fragesatz, da, si grave non est, quae prima iratum ventrem placaverit esca, Hor.: sed tamen iste qui deus sit, da nobis, Verg.: da, dea, quem sciter, Ov.: nunc quam ob rem has partes didicerim, paucis dabo, Ter.: immo etiam dabo, quo (damit du) magis credas, Ter.: m. Acc. u. mit indir. Fragesatz, dabis igitur tribunatum (das Jahr des Tr.) et, si poteris, Tubulus quo crimine (sc. accusatus fuerit), Cic. ad Att. 12, 5, 3. – datur mit folg. Nom. u. Infin., Aeneas eripuisse datur, Ov. fast. 6, 434 M. (Riese ferunt): quis tot templa, tot aras promeruisse datur, Stat. silv. 3, 3, 80; u. so auch Stat. Theb. 7, 315; 11, 572. Claud. rapt. Pros. 3, 337.
b) mündlich verbreiten, hic primo sensim temptantium animos sermo per totam civitatem est datus, Liv. 2, 2, 4: sceleris data fama per urbes finitimas, Stat. Theb. 3, 10: inde dato passim varias rumore per urbes, Stat. Ach. 2, 352.
c) mündlich geben, erteilen, lehren, dare alci consilium, Ter., Cic. u.a. (s. cōnsiliumno. II, b, S. 1531): dare (alci) responsum, Cic., Hor. u.a.: dare (alci) praecepta, Cic. u.a. (s. praeceptumdas Nähere): alci haec promissa, Catull.: dare testimonium, s. testimonium: dare legem, leges, s. lēx: dare ius, iura, s. 1. iūs: alci fidem, s. 1. fidēs(= Wort, Versprechen, sicheres Geleit; versch. alci rei fidem dare, Glauben verschaffen, bestätigen, s. 1. fidēs= Glaubwürdigkeit). – dah. als t.t., α) ein Orakel, eine Weissagung geben, abgeben, erteilen, sortem, Ov. u. Suet.: oracula, Spart.: data dictio erat, caveret etc., Liv.: prägn., data fata, das (durch das Orakel) verheißene Geschick, Verg. Aen. 1, 382. – β) als jurist. t.t., dare alci diem, Frist geben, Plin. ep. 3, 9, 32. – dare litem secundum alqm, den Prozeß zugunsten jmds. entscheiden, Cic. u. Liv.: u. so bl. dare secundum alqm, zugunsten jmds. entscheiden, Sen. rhet. u.a. – γ) als geschäftl. t.t., dare rationem, Rechnung ablegen, Plaut. u. Cic.: übtr., dare rationem alcis rei, von etwas Rechenschaft geben, Plaut. u. Cornif. rhet.
d) als milit. u. publiz. t.t., anmelden, melden, nomen dare, sich melden, v. Soldaten zum Kriegsdienst, Cic. u.a., von neuen Kolonisten, Plaut, u. Liv., u. zu andern Diensten, Tac. (s. nōmendas Nähere).
4) schaffend hervorbringen, a) erzeugen, α) v. leb. Wesen, αα) leb. Wesen: geminam partu prolem, Verg.: fetus, Tibull.: liberos, Catull.: progeniem vitiosiorem, Hor.: Augustos multos de se daturum, Treb. Poll. – ββ) lebl. Objj., entstehen lassen, non fumum ex fulgore, sed ex fumo lucem, Hor. de art. poët. 143. – β) v. Lebl., hervorbringen, erzeugen, entstehen lassen, aus sich liefern, quod sol atque imbres dederant, Lucr.: tellus dedit ferarum ingentia corpora partu, Lucr.: terra fabas tantum duraque farra dabat, Ov.: cum segetes occat tibi mox frumenta daturas, Hor.: quercus singulos ramos a frutice dedit (trieb), Suet.
b) machen, bilden, α) im engern Sinne: cuneum, Verg.: sinum in medio, Liv.: gremium (v. der Erde), Mela: locum, Platz machen (Raum geben), Ov.: viam, einen Weg bahnen, Platz machen, Plaut., alci, Liv. u. Curt. – β) im weitern Sinne, umschreibend, αα) m. Objj., die den Begriff einer Bewegung enthalten, machen, tun, si quid proprio dat corpore motus, Lucr.: nullos audet dare corpore motus, wagt nicht sich zu rühren, Ov.: haud indecoros motus more Tusco dabant, Liv.: longos dat corpore tortus, krümmt sich in langen Windungen, Verg.: amplexus od. complexus d., umarmen, auch alci (jmd.), Ov.: dare saltum, Ov., dare undique saltus, Ov., in aëra saltus, Ov.: dare fugam, die Flucht ergreifen, Verg.: cursum in medios, eilen, stürmen, Verg.: impetum, Liv., impetum od. impetus in alqm, Liv.: impressionem, Liv. – ββ) m. Partiz. Perf. (f. Brix Plaut. capt. 342. Spengel Ter. Andr. 683), alqd effectum dare, Plaut.: perfectum hoc negotium, Plaut.: iam hoc tibi inventum dabo, Ter.: sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum etc., will so niederstrecken, Liv. 8, 6, 6: te mea dextra bello defensum dabit, wird dir Schutz gewähren im Kr., Verg. Aen. 12, 437: hanc mactatam victimam legatorum manibus dabo, will ich fällen als Sühnopfer für usw., Liv. 4, 19, 3. – γγ) m. Gerundiv, ego mecum hostium legiones mactandas Telluri et diis manibus dabo, will zum Sühnopfer für die T. usw. machen, Liv. 10, 28, 13. – δδ) m. prädik. Adi., anni multi me dubiam danunt, Plaut. Epid. 544: cautumque dabant exempla sequentem, Claud. IV. cons. Hon. 77. – alterum geminata victoria ferocem in certamen tertium dabat, Liv. 1, 25, 11.
B) übtr.: 1) von sich geben, ablegen, geben, documentum dare m. folg. Akk. u. Infin., Liv.: documenta dare m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, Cic. u. Liv.: documenta sui dare, Curt.. legis in se documenta dare, Iustin.: u. so dare exemplum, ex-perimenfcum, specimen, w.s. – 2) geben, schaffen, verschaffen, beibringen, einflößen, animos (Mut), Ov.: spiritus, Liv.: vires, s. vīs: spem, s. spēs: suspicionem, s. 2. suspīcio: eo sibi minus dubitationis dari, quod etc., er könne sich um so weniger bedenken, sei vollkommen entschieden, Caes. – 3) bringen, bereiten, machen, verursachen, veranlassen, alci tussim, Catull.: risus, risus iocosque, Stoff geben zu usw., Hor.: sonitum, ein Geräusch erregen, Verg.: alci somnum, Hor.: alci curas, Cornif. rhet.: damnum, malum, ruinam, stragem u. dgl., w.s.: funera, Verg.: alci dolorem, Cic.: proelio od. bello finem, ein Ende machen, Eutr.: finem animae, ein Ende bereiten, Iuven..: causam bello, Veranlassung zum Kr. geben, Eutr. – 4) machen, bewirken, m. Infin., dat posse moveri, Ov. met. 11, 177: sed haec vetusta dent recordari, quemadmodum etc., Mamert. pan. Iulian. 19, 3.
/ Nbf. dano, ere, wov. danunt, Naev. b. Pun. 4. fr. 4. Plaut, capt. 819 u.ö. Caecil. com. 176. Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 1175; vgl. Paul. ex Fest. 68, 12. Non. 97, 14. – Archaist. Konj. Präs. duas, duat, Plaut. – archaist. Konj. Präs. duim, duis, duit, duint, Trag. u. Comic. vett., Cato u.a.; vgl. Neue-Wagener Formenl.3 Bd. 3. S. 311 u. 312 u. Georges Lexik. d. lat. Wortf. S. 224 u. 225 u. (für Terenz) Spengel Ter. Andr. 666. – Archaist. Imperat. duitor, XII tabb. bei Plin. 21, 7 D. (wo Schöll XII tabb. X, 7 arduitur). – Synkop. Formen dan = dasne, Plaut. asin. 671 u. truc. 373: datin = datisne. Plaut. Curc. 311; truc. 631: dabin = dabisne, Plaut. Bacch. 883; Pseud. 536 u. 1078. – Apokop. Form dedistin = dedistine, Plaut. Curc. 345; trin. 127 u. 129 – Archaist. Infin. Präs. Pass. darei, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 205 sq. u.ö. – Parag. Infin. Präs. Pass. darier, Lex vet. bei Fest. 189 (a), 14. – Nach Diom. 379, 25 ist. Pers. Präs. Pass. dor selten, nach Macr. de diff. 23, 8 gar nicht gebräuchlich.
См. также в других словарях:
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Gef the talking mongoose — Infobox Paranormalcreatures Creature Name = Gef the talking mongoose Image Caption = Grouping = Talking animal/Spirit Sub Grouping = Mongoose AKA = The Dalby Spook Country = Isle of Man Region = Habitat = First Reported = 1931 Last Sighted =… … Wikipedia
gefædlic — adj fit, suitable, proper; adv gefædliclíce orderly, quietly; craftily? [fadian] … Old to modern English dictionary
