formo

* * *

formo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [forma], to shape, fashion, form (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense).

Lit.: omnis fere materia nondum formata rudis appellatur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 265:

materia, quam fingit et format effectio,

Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 6:

utcumque temperatus sit aër, ita pueros orientes animari atque formari,

id. Div. 2, 42, 89:

lapsos formare capillos,

to adjust, Prop. 1, 3, 23:

classem in Ida,

Verg. A. 9, 80:

vultus,

Plin. 35, 8, 34, § 56:

e Pario formatum marmore signum,

Ov. M. 3, 419.— Absol.:

(individua corpora, i. e. atomi) formare, figurare, colorare, animare (se ipsa) non possent,

Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 110.—

Trop., to shape, form, regulate, dispose, direct; to prepare, compose, etc. (in Cic. only with abstr. objects):

verba nos, sicut mollissimam ceram, ad nostrum arbitrium formamus et fingimus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 45, 177:

orationem,

id. ib. 2, 9, 36:

verba recte formare,

Quint. 1, 12, 9; 10, 7, 7:

ea quae inter se discrepant,

Cic. de Or. 3, 9, 34:

eloquentiam,

Quint. 2, 10, 2:

actionem,

id. 11, 3, 180:

disciplinam filii,

id. 4 praef. § 1; cf.:

studia ejus, id. prooem. § 5: consuetudinem partim exercitationis assiduitate partim ratione formare,

Cic. Ac. 1, 5, 20:

mores,

Quint. 12, 2, 27:

vitam et mores juventutis,

Plin. Pan. 47, 1:

custodireque in aetate prima pudorem,

Quint. 1, 2, 4:

nulla res magis penetrat in animos, eosque fingit, format, flectit, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 38, 142:

quae formabat canendo Heroum mentes,

Sil. 11, 452; cf. Quint. 1, 12, 10:

animum judicum,

id. 4, 1, 60:

mentes,

id. 2, 16, 10:

mores juventutis quam principaliter formas!

Plin. Pan. 47, 1; 88, 3:

epistolas orationesque et edicta alieno formabat ingenio,

Suet. Dom. 20; cf.:

si quid res exigeret, Latine formabat,

id. Aug. 89:

inventus est ejus de hac re sermo formatus,

id. Ner. 47:

personam formare nevam,

to invent, Hor. A. P. 126: versus meos cantat formatque citharā, qs. trims, embellishes them, Plin. Ep. 4, 19, 4:

cogitet oratorem institui, rem arduam, etiam cum ei formando nihil defuerit,

Quint. 1, 1, 10; cf.: (juvenis) ita a me formari et institui cupit, ut, etc., Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 3:

perfectum ora torem,

Quint. 2, 15, 33:

sapientem,

id. 1, 10, 5:

virum,

id. 12, 1, 44:

puerum dictis,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 121:

feros cultus hominum recentum dictis,

id. C. 1, 10, 3:

tenerae nimis mentes asperioribus formandae studiis,

id. ib. 3, 24, 54:

poëtam (with alere),

id. A. P. 307:

format enim natura prius nos intus ad omnem Fortunarum habitum,

id. ib. 108:

ad credendum ante formatus,

Quint. 5, 7, 8; 7, 3, 14:

opus movendi judicum animos atque in eum quem volumus habitum formandi,

id. 6, 2, 1; 11, 1, 2:

at quae non tacita formavi gaudia mente,

Ov. Am. 3, 7, 63:

se in mores alicujus,

Liv. 1, 21, 2: in admirationem formata, i. e. feigning, simulans, Suet. Claud. 37.

to shape, form, fashion.

dē-formo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to bring into form or shape; to form, fashion; to design, delineate, describe (class.).

Lit.:

areas,

Cato R. R. 161; Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 10:

marmora prima manu,

Quint. 5, 11, 30:

non flosculos sed certos ac deformatos fructus ostenderat,

full-formed, perfect, id. 6 prooem. §

9: tragicae (scenae) deformantur columnis et fastigiis et signis,

are delineated, represented, Vitr. 5, 8; cf.:

operis speciem exemplaribus pictis,

to represent in outline, to sketch, id. 1, 1.—

Trop.:

quae ita a fortuna deformata sunt, ut tamen a natura inchoata compareant,

Cic. Sull. 26, 73; cf. Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 11:

ille, quem supra deformavi,

have depicted, described, Cic. Caecin. 5, 14; Sen. Ben. 7, 2:

ministratio deformata litteris,

Vulg. 2 Cor. 3, 7.

dē-formo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [forma; cf. deformis], to bring out of shape; to deform, disfigure; to spoil, mar (class.).

Lit.:

deformatus corpore, fractus animo,

Cic. Att. 2, 21, 3 sq.; cf.:

aerumnis deformatus,

Sall. J. 14, 7:

vultum macies deformat,

Verg. G. 4, 254:

membra veneno,

Sil. 2, 707:

capillos tonsura,

Ov. A. A. 1, 517; cf.:

canitiem multo pulvere,

Verg. A. 10, 844 (for which, id. ib. 12, 611, turpare; and Catull. 64, 224; and Ov. M. 8, 530, foedare):

parietes nudos ac deformatos reliquit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 55; cf. Liv. 37, 3: patriam turpissimis incendiis et ruinis, Auct. B. Alex. 24, 3; cf. Italiam, Auct. (Cicero?) ap. Quint. 9, 3, 31.—

Trop., to mar, disgrace, dishonor:

quae accusatores deformandi hujus causa dixerunt,

Cic. Cael. 2; cf.:

(rusticana illa parsimonia) deformata atque ornamentis omnibus spoliata,

id. Quint. 30, 92:

ordinem prava lectione (senatus),

Liv. 9, 30:

victoriam clade,

id. 33, 36 fin.; cf. id. 3, 71:

multa bona uno vitio,

id. 30, 14 fin.:

orationem (with lacerare),

Quint. 10, 7, 32:

domum,

Verg. A. 12, 805.

con-formo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to form, fashion, shape symmetrically or skilfully (several times in Cic.; elsewhere very rare).

Prop.:

si mundum aedificatum esse, non a naturā conformatum putarem,

Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 26:

ad majora quaedam nos natura genuit et conformavit,

id. Fin. 1, 7, 23: quercus conformata securi, * Cat. 19, 3:

(ursa) fetum lambendo conformat et fingit,

licks into shape, Gell. 17, 10, 3: ova in volucrum speciem, * Col. 8, 5, 10:

imaginem tauri,

Gell. 13, 9, 6.—

Trop.: puellam, Afran. ap. Non. p. 174, 32:

animum et mentem cogitatione hominum excellentium,

Cic. Arch. 6, 14:

ipse me conformo ad ejus voluntatem,

id. Fam. 1, 8, 2:

mores,

id. Fin. 4, 2, 5; cf.:

liberos parente orbatos sibi et posteris,

Tac. A. 4, 8; Cic. Mur. 29, 60:

vocem hujus hortatu praeceptisque,

id. Arch. 1, 1; cf.

11, 3, 45:

orationem constructione verborum,

Cic. de Or. 1, 5, 17 (but in Lucr. 4, 114, the right read. is confirmem).

ef-fingo, finxi, fictum, 3, v. a., orig., to work out by pressing = fingendo exprimere, ekmassein (v. fingo).—Hence,

To form, fashion (artistically—class.; most freq. in the trop. sense; cf.: formo, informo, conformo, fingo, reddo, instituo, etc.).

Lit.:

oris lineamenta in tabula: Veneris Coae pulchritudinem aspersione fortuita,

Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23:

sui dissimilia,

id. N. D. 3, 9, 23:

deum imagines in species hominum,

Tac. H. 5, 5 et saep.— Poet.:

(Daedalus) casus alicujus in auro,

Verg. A. 6, 32; cf. id. ib. 10, 640; Luc. 5, 713:

horrentes effingens crine galeros,

Sil. 1, 404.—

Trop., to express, represent, portray:

(natura) speciem ita formavit oris, ut in ea penitus reconditos mores effingeret,

Cic. Leg. 1, 9; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47; id. de Or. 2, 43 fin.; Tac. A. 11, 14; Quint. 6, 2, 17:

oratorem effingere (connected with corpora fingendo efficere),

id. 5, 12, 21:

effinge aliquid et excude (sc. scribendo), quod sit perpetuo tuum,

Plin. Ep. 1, 3, 4:

imaginem virtutis,

to represent by imitation, Quint. 10, 2, 15; cf. id. 10, 1, 108; 11, 3, 89 sq.; Plin. Ep. 9, 22, 2.—Of the conception of external objects:

visum impressum effictumque ex eo, unde esset,

id. Ac. 2, 6, 18; cf. id. Tusc. 1, 25, 61; id. de Or. 2, 86 fin. —

To wipe clean, wipe out (only in the foll. passages):

fiscinas spongia effingat,

Cato R. R. 67, 2 (for which: fiscinas spongia tergendas, Plin. 15, 6, 6, § 22):

spongiis sanguinem,

Cic. Sest. 35 fin., v. Halm ad h. l.—

To rub gently, stroke:

manus,

Albin. Cons. ad Liv. 138; Ov. H. 20, 134 (for which: manus fingere, id. F. 5, 409).

formātĭo, ōnis, f. [formo], a shaping, forming; a form, design, plan (post-Aug.).

Lit.:

formationem puto probandam, locum improbandum,

Vitr. 2 praef.:

oblonga fori,

id. 5, 1:

formationes columnarum,

id. 4, 1.—

Trop.:

morum,

Sen. Ep. 117, 20.

in-formo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to give form to a thing, to shape, form, mould, fashion.

Lit. (mostly poet.):

clipeum,

Verg. A. 8, 447:

aream,

Col. 11, 3, 13:

effigiem,

Sil. 17, 525: Martem cerā, Poët. ap. Plin. Ep. 9, 7:

taedas,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 331.—

Trop. (class.).

To form an idea of a thing, to represent, sketch, delineate:

di ita ignoti, ut eos ne conjectura quidem informare possimus,

Cic. N. D. 1, 15:

inanium visorum una depulsio est, sive illa cogitatione informantur, sive in quiete,

id. Ac. 2, 16, 51:

virtutem,

id. Fin. 4, 16, 45:

atque ego in summo oratore fingendo talem informabo,

will describe, id. Or. 2, 7:

ad eum (oratorem) incohandum et informandum,

id. ib. 9, 33:

informat adhuc adumbratum indicium filii,

id. Sull. 18, 52.—

To inform, instruct, educate (syn.:

instruere, instituere): artes quibus aetas puerilis ad humanitatem informari solet,

Cic. Arch. 3, 4:

animus a natura bene informatus,

formed, id. Off. 1, 4, 13.

rĕ-formo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to shape again, remould, transform, metamorphose, change (not ante-Aug.).

Lit.:

sed preme, quicquid erit, dum, quod fuit ante, reformet,

i.e. until she resumes her first shape, Ov. M. 11, 254; cf. id. ib. 9, 399:

rursus in facies hominum tales figuras,

App. M. 3, p. 139, 26:

aliquem in alienam personam,

id. ib. 11 fin.:

hunc (asinum) ad homines,

id. ib. 11, p. 264, 24:

corpus humilitatis nostrae,

Vulg. Phil. 3, 21:

claudorum pedes ad officium gradiendi,

Lact. 4, 26, 1.—

Trop.

To change, alter:

divinae providentiae fatalis dispositio subverti vel reformari non potest,

App. M. 9, p. 217, 27:

sententias in pejus,

Dig. 49, 1, 1:

cum Themistocles ruinas patriae in pristinum habitum reformaret,

Val. Max. 6, 5, 2 ext. —

Pregn., to amend, reform; of persons:

(quadragenarius pupillus) non potest reformari,

Sen. Ep. 25, 1:

sed reformamini in novitate sensūs vestri,

Vulg. Rom. 12, 2.—

Of things: imitari proposita et ad illa reformare chirographum,

Sen. Ep. 94, 51:

mores depravatos,

Plin. Pan. 53, 1; so,

solutam et perditam disciplinam,

Eum. Pan. Const. 2. —

To restore, re-establish:

pacem,

Eutr. 9, 20.