decide

certō, adv., v. certus, adv. A.

certo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [cerno], to decide something by a contest (cf. cerno, II. C. b.); hence, to fight, struggle, contend, combat, implying great exertion, and usually a measuring of strength (class. in prose and poetry; most freq. in a trop. signif.; syn.: decerto, contendo).

Of a physical contest of strength;

mostly of battle: utrum igitur utilius Fabricio... armis cum hoste certare, an venenis?

Cic. Off. 3, 22, 87:

adulescentium greges Lacedaemone videmus ipsi incredibili contentione certantis pugnis, calcibus, unguibus, morsu denique,

id. Tusc. 5, 27, 77:

manu,

Sall. H. 2, 41, 6 Dietsch:

proelio,

id. J. 81, 3:

cum Gallis pro salute,

id. ib. 114, 2; cf. Tac. Agr. 5:

de ambiguo agro bello,

Liv. 3, 71, 2:

de imperio cum populo Romano,

Cic. de Or. 2, 18, 76:

de principatu armis,

Tac. H. 2, 47; cf. Suet. Vesp. 5:

odiis etiam prope majoribus certarunt quam viribus,

Liv. 21, 1, 3:

acie,

Verg. A. 2, 30 et saep.— Impers.: dignus quicum certetur, Pac. ap. Non. p. 473, 16: certatur limine in ipso Ausoniae, Verg. A. 10, 355; 11, 313:

die quo Bedriaci certabatur,

Tac. H. 2, 50:

quā in parte rex pugnae affuit, ibi aliquamdiu certatum,

Sall. J. 74, 3:

in cujus (amnis) transgressu multum certato pervicit Vardanes,

Tac. A. 11, 10; id. H. 4, 61.—Mostly poet. in pass.:

certata lite deorum Ambracia (for the possession of which Apollo. Diana, and Hercules contended),

Ov. M. 13, 713:

certatus nobis orbis (i. e. de quo certavimus),

Sil. 17, 342; cf. II. infra.—

Out of the sphere of milit. operations, to contend, struggle, strive, emulate, vie with: certabant urbem Romam Remoramne vocarent, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 85 Vahl.): haut doctis dictis certantes sed maledictis, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10, 4 (Ann. v. 274 ib.):

minis mecum, minaciis,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 56:

malitiā tecum,

id. Pers. 2, 2, 56:

benedictis,

Ter. Phorm. prol. 20:

certare ingenio, contendere nobilitate,

Lucr. 2, 11:

cum aliquo dicacitate,

Cic. Brut. 46, 172:

officiis inter se,

id. Fam. 7, 31, 1; cf.:

certatum inter collegas maledictis,

Liv. 5, 8, 13; and:

eo modo inter se duo imperatores certabant,

Sall. J. 52, 1:

cum civibus de virtute,

id. C. 9, 2:

pro sua quisque potentia,

id. ib. 38, 3:

contumaciā adversus contemnentes humilitatem suam nobiles certavit (Licinius),

Liv. 9, 46, 4: cum usuris fructibus praediorum, to contend against interest ( to strive to pay interest) with the produce of estates, Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 18: cum a Cheruscis Longobardisque pro antiquo decore aut recenti libertate;

et contra, augendae dominationi certaretur,

Tac. A. 2, 46:

ob hircum,

Hor. A. P. 220:

joco,

id. C. 2, 12, 18:

mero,

id. ib. 4, 1, 31:

animis iniquis,

Verg. A. 10, 7:

parsimoniā et vigiliis et labore cum ultimis militum,

Liv. 34, 18, 5:

sententiis,

Tac. A. 1, 29 al.:

ut si nautae certarent, quis eorum potissimum gubernaret,

Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87:

mos gentis est, equitare jaculari cursu cum aequalibus certare,

Sall. J. 6, 1:

dic mecum quo pignore certes,

Verg. E. 3, 31:

celeri sagittā,

id. A. 5, 485:

certemus, spinas animone ego fortius an tu Evellas agro,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 4.— Poet., with acc.: hanc rem ( = de hac re), Sedigit. ap. Gell. 15, 24; cf. in pass.:

cui (multae) certandae cum dies advenisset,

Liv. 25, 3, 14.—With dat. instead of cum:

solus tibi certat Amyntas,

Verg. E. 5, 8; Hor. S. 2, 5, 19; id. Epod. 11, 18; 2, 20; id. C. 2, 6, 15; Verg. E. 8, 55; id. G. 2, 138; Ov. M. 14, 794.—

Particularly of judicial disputations, to contend at law:

inter se,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 16, § 39; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 13, §

32: in centumvirali judicio,

id. de Or. 1, 39, 177:

si a duumviris provocarit, provocatione certato,

Liv. 1, 26, 6:

si quid se judice certes,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 49:

foro si res certabitur olim,

id. ib. 2, 5, 27.—

With inf. (mostly poet.), to strive to do something, to labor, endeavor, struggle earnestly, to exert one ' s self:

certantes ad summum succedere honorem,

Lucr. 5, 1123; so,

inter se cernere,

id. 5, 394:

dimittere se (nubes),

id. 6, 509:

populum alium suorum sepelire,

id. 6, 1247:

Phoebum superare canendo,

Verg. E. 5, 9:

superare,

Ov. M. 5, 394:

vincere,

Verg. A. 5, 194:

tollere (hunc) tergeminis honoribus,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 8:

inter se eruere quercum,

Verg. A. 4, 443:

certat quisque evadere,

Curt. 9, 4, 33:

frangere fluctus,

Plin. Pan. 81 fin.; Sil. 13, 222; Stat. S. 5, 3, 191.

consĭlĭum, ii, n. [from con and root sal-; Sanscr. sar-; cf. consul], deliberation, consultation, a considering together, counsel (cf. concilium; very freq. in all periods and species of composition).

Prop.:

consulta sunt consilia,

are finished, at an end, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 7:

quid in consilio consuluistis?

id. Bacch. 1, 1, 6 Ritschl:

consilium volo capere unā tecum,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 66:

neque pol consili locum habeo neque ad auxilium copiam,

id. And. 2, 1, 20:

cum aliquo consilia conferre,

Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 38 (v. confero, I. B.):

saepe in senatu consilia versata sunt,

Quint. 12, 2, 21; 7, 4, 2:

quasi vero consilii sit res, et non necesse sit, etc.,

as if the matter were yet open for deliberation, Caes. B. G. 7, 38; cf. Nep. Con. 4, 2:

quid efficere possis, tui consilii est,

is for you to consider, Cic. Fam. 3, 2, 2:

vestrum jam consilium est. non solum meum, quid sit vobis faciendum,

id. ib. 14, 14, 1: quid aetati credendum sit, quid nomini, magni consilii est, id. Att. 15, 12, 2; cf.:

nihil mihi adhuc accidit, quod majoris consilii esset,

id. ib. 10, 1, 3:

in consilio habere,

Quint. 8, 2, 23:

fit publici consilii particeps,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 2; cf. Quint. 12, 3, 1; 3, 8, 4:

nocturna,

Sall. C. 42, 2:

arcanis ut interesset,

Liv. 35, 18, 2 et saep.—

Meton.

In abstr.

A conclusion made with consideration, a determination, resolution, measure, plan, purpose, intention, Quint. 6, 5, 3; cf.:

consilium est aliquid faciendi aut non faciendi excogitata ratio,

Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36; 2, 9, 31:

certum,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 16:

callidum,

id. ib. 3, 4, 10:

ut sunt Gallorum subita et repentina consilia,

Caes. B. G. 3, 8:

aliquid communi consilio agere,

id. ib.:

consilium communicaverunt perfeceruntque,

Suet. Calig. 56:

aedificandi consilium abicere,

Cic. Att. 5, 11, 6; Liv. 33, 41, 5; Tac. A. 4, 4:

deponere,

Caes. B. C. 3, 103.—And of the purpose. as opp. to the act, etc.:

quod initio scripsi, totius facti tui judicium non tam ex consilio tuo quam ex eventu homines esse facturos,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5:

quasi exitus rerum, non hominum consilia, legibus vindicentur,

id. Mil. 7, 19:

mentem peccare, non corpus, et unde consilium afuerit culpam abesse,

Liv. 1, 58, 9. —Often with epithets characterizing the person who forms the purpose, etc.:

amentissimum,

Cic. Att. 7, 10 init.:

audax,

Liv. 25, 38, 18; 35, 32, 13:

fortissima cousilia,

id. 25, 38, 18:

fidele,

Cic. Agr. 2, 3, 5; Curt. 6, 4, 8:

providens,

Gell. 3, 7, 8:

malum,

id. 4, 5, 5:

temerarium,

Vell. 2, 120, 2:

incautum,

Cic. Att. 8, 9, 3:

lene,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 41:

praeceps,

Suet. Aug. 8:

repudio quod consilium primum intenderam,

Ter. And. 4, 3, 18:

eo consilio, uti frumento Caesarem intercluderet,

Caes. B. G. 1, 48; 2, 9; Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 72 fin.; Sall. C. 57, 1:

quo consilio huc imus?

Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 1;

also: hoc consilio ut,

Nep. Milt. 5, 3: privato consilio, on one's own account (opp. publico consilio, in the name or behalf of the state):

qui contra consulem privato consilio exercitus comparaverunt,

Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; Caes. B. C. 3, 14; Nep. Pelop. 1, 2.—Sometimes absol. consilio adverbially, intentionally, designedly:

casu potius quam consilio,

Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 8:

consul, seu forte, seu consilio, Venusiam perfugit,

Liv. 22, 49, 14; 35, 14, 4; Verg. A. 7, 216.—

Esp. in the phrases,

Consilium capere, to form a purpose or plan, to resolve, decide, determine:

neque, quid nunc consili capiam, scio, De virgine istac,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 27: consilium capere with a gen. gerund., Caes. B. G. 3, 2; 5, 29; Cic. Att. 5, 11, 6; Liv. 39, 51, 3; 43, 3, 7; 35, 34, 4; 10, 38, 6; Sall. C. 16, 4; Curt. 8, 6, 8; 8, 7, 1; Tac. A. 6, 26; Suet. Vesp. 6; Quint. 11, 3, 180; Just. 2, 13, 5; 34, 4, 1; cf. with gen.:

profectionis et reversionis meae,

Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 1.—With inf., Cic. Quint. 16, 53 fin.; Caes. B. G. 7, 71; Nep. Lys. 3, 1; Liv. 44, 11, 6 al.—With ut:

capio consilium, ut senatum congerronum convocem,

Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 8:

consilium ceperunt plenum sceleris, ut nomen hujus deferrent,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 10, 28; id. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 140:

consilium cepi, ut antequam luceret exirem,

id. Att. 7. 10; id. Tull. 14, 34; Liv. 25, 34, 7.—And with inf.:

consilium cepit... iter in urbem patefacere,

Liv. 44, 11, 7:

hominis fortunas evertere,

Cic. Quint. 16, 53:

Heraclius capit consilium... non adesse ad judicium,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 17, § 41:

ex oppido profugere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 26; 7, 71; Just. 35, 1, 3.—

In the same sense, inire consilium, with similar construction:

inita sunt consilia urbis delendae,

Cic. Mur. 37, 80; 38, 81:

regni occupandi consilium inire,

Liv. 2, 8, 2; 6, 17, 7; 7, 38, 5:

jus gentium cujus violandi causā consilium initum erat,

id. 38, 25, 8; 4, 11, 4:

sceleris conandi consilia inierat,

Vell. 2, 35, 5; 2, 80, 6:

Graeci consilium ineunt interrumpendi pontis,

Just. 2, 13, 5; Suet. Calig. 48:

iniit consilia reges Lacedaemoniorum tollere,

Nep. Lys. 3, 1:

consilia inibat, quemadmodum, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 43:

de bello consilia inire incipiunt,

id. ib. 7, 1:

cum de recuperandā libertate consilium initum videretur,

id. ib. 5, 27:

consilia inita de regno,

Liv. 4, 15, 4:

atrox consilium init, ut, etc.,

Tac. H. 3, 41.—

Freq. consilium est, with and without inf., I purpose:

ita facere,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 73; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 44; Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1; Sall. C. 4, 1; 53, 6; Liv. 21, 63, 2; Sall. H. Fragm. 4, 61, 16 Dietsch. —Rarely with ut:

ut filius Cum illà habitet... hoc nostrum consilium fuit,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 41:

ea uti acceptā mercede deseram, non est consilium,

Sall. J. 85, 8; and absol.:

quid sui consilii sit, ostendit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 21.—Hence,

In partic., in milit. lang., a warlike measure, device, stratagem: consilium imperatorium quod Graeci stratêgêma appellant, Cic. N. D. 3, 6, 15; so Caes. B. G. 7, 22; Nep. Dat. 6, 8; id. Iphicr. 1, 2; cf.:

opportunus consiliis locus (= insidiis),

Quint. 5, 10, 37.—

With special reference to the person for whose advantage a measure is devised, counsel, advice:

tu quidem antehac aliis solebas dare consilia mutua,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 98; so,

dare,

Ter. And. 2, 1, 9:

quid das consili?

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 93:

Cethegum minus ei fidele consilium dedisse,

Cic. Clu. 31, 85:

vos lene consilium datis,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 41; 3, 5, 45 et saep.:

juvabo aut re aut operā aut consilio bono,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 17;

imitated by Ter.: aut consolando aut consilio aut re juvero,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 34 (quoted ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 10, 4); cf. Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 29; Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2; 15, 2, 2; id. Att. 13, 31, 3:

te hortor ut omnia moderere prudentiā tuā, ne te auferant aliorum consilia,

id. Fam. 2, 7, 1:

sin aliquid impertivit tibi sui consilii,

id. ib. 5, 2, 9:

consiliis, non curribus utere nostris,

Ov. M. 2, 146:

facile ratio tam salubris consilii accepta est,

Curt. 3, 7, 10:

saniora consilia pati,

id. 4, 1, 9.—

As a mental quality, understanding, judgment, wisdom, sense, penetration, prudence:

et dominari in corpore toto Consilium quod nos animum mentemque vocamus,

Lucr. 3, 139; 3, 450:

acta illa res est animo virili, consilio puerili,

Cic. Att. 14, 21, 3; cf. id. Caecin. 7, 18:

ut popularis cupiditas a consilio principum dissideret,

id. Sest. 49, 103:

majore studio quam consilio ad bellum proficisci,

Sall. H. 2, 96, 4 Dietsch:

res forte quam consilio melius gestae,

id. J. 92, 6:

quae quanto consilio gerantur, nullo consilio adsequi possumus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 38, 97:

simul consilium cum re amisisti?

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 10; cf.:

miseros prudentia prima relinquit, Et sensus cum re consiliumque fugit,

Ov. P. 4, 12, 48:

mulieres omnes propter infirmitatem consilii majores in tutorum potestate esse voluerunt,

Cic. Mur. 12, 27:

vir et consilii magni et virtutis,

Caes. B. G. 3, 5:

cum plus in illo senili animo non consilii modo sed etiam virtutis esse dicerent,

Liv. 4, 13, 13; so,

tam iners, tam nulli consili Sum,

Ter. And. 3, 5, 2:

est hoc principium improbi animi, miseri ingenii, nulli consilii,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 48:

omnes gravioris aetatis, in quibus aliquid consilii aut dignitatis fuit,

Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. Ov. M. 6, 40:

misce stultitiam consiliis brevem,

Hor. C. 4, 12, 27:

quae res in se neque consilium neque modum Habet ullum, eam consilio regere non potes,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 13. —

Poet., transf., of inanim. things:

consilii inopes ignes,

indiscreet, Ov. M. 9, 746:

vis consili expers,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 65; id. S. 2, 3, 266.—

In concr., the persons who deliberate, a council; of the Roman senate:

senatum, id est orbis terrae consilium, delere gestit,

Cic. Phil. 4, 6, 14; id. Fam. 3, 8, 4; id. de Or. 2, 82, 333; id. Sest. 65, 137:

summum consilium orbis terrae,

id. Phil. 7, 7, 19; Liv. 1, 8, 7; 23, 22, 2; Vell. 1, 8, 6:

di prohibeant, ut hoc, quod majores consilium publicum vocari voluerunt, praesidium sectorum existimetur,

i. e. a court of justice, Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 151; cf.:

qui ex civitate in senatum propter dignitatem, ex senatu in hoc consilium delecti estis propter severitatem,

id. ib. 3, 8.—Of the division of the centumviri, who sat for ordinary cases in four consilia:

sedebant centum et octoginta judices, tot enim quattuor consiliis colliguntur,

Plin. Ep. 6, 33, 2:

omnibus non solum consiliis sed etiam sententiis superior discessit,

Val. Max. 7, 7, 1:

Galba consilio celeriter convocato sententias exquirere coepit,

a council of war, Caes. B. G. 3, 3; cf.:

consilio advocato,

Liv. 25, 31, 3; 43, 22, 9 al.:

castrense,

id. 44, 35, 4:

mittunt (Carthaginienses) triginta seniorum principes: id erat sanctius apud illos consilium,

id. 30, 16, 3; cf. id. 35, 34, 2:

consilium Jovis,

Hor. C. 3, 25, 6:

bonorum atque sapientium,

Quint. 3, 8, 2 al. —

Facetiously:

paulisper tace, Dum ego mihi consilia in animum convoco, et dum consulo,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 44.—

(Acc. to II. A. [p. 433] 1. c.) A counsellor:

ille ferox hortator pugnae consiliumque fuit,

Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 32:

Clymene, Aethraque, Quae mihi sunt comites consiliumque duae,

id. H. 16 (17), 268; id. F. 3, 276.

con-stĭtŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a. [statuo], to cause to stand, put or lay down, to set, put, place, fix, station, deposit a person or thing somewhere (esp. firmly or immovably), etc. (the act. corresponding to consistere; class.).

In gen.

Prop.:

hominem ante pedes Q. Manilii constituunt,

Cic. Clu. 13, 38:

vobis (dīs) candentem taurum ante aras,

Verg. A. 5, 237:

impedimenta,

Liv. 44, 36, 6:

reliquias praedonum contractas in urbibus,

Vell. 2, 32 fin.:

unum aliquem lectorem,

Quint. 2, 5, 6:

velut in aliquā sublimi speculā constitutus,

Lact. 2, 2, 18.—

Trop.:

cum hujus vobis adulescentiam proposueritis, constituitote vobis ante oculos etiam hujus miseri senectutem,

Cic. Cael. 32, 79.—

Esp.,

Milit. t. t.

To station or post troops somewhere, to draw up, set in order:

legionem Caesar passibus CC. ab eo tumulo constituit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 43:

legiones pro castris in acie,

id. ib. 2, 8 fin.;

4, 35: aciem ordinesque intra silvas,

id. ib. 2, 19:

octo cohortes in fronte,

Sall. C. 59, 2:

quod reliquum peditum erat, obliquo constituerunt colle,

Liv. 28, 33, 8 al.:

naves ad latus apertum hostium,

Caes. B. G. 4, 25; cf.:

naves aperto ac plano litore,

id. ib. 4, 23 fin.:

naves nisi in alto,

id. ib. 4, 24:

subsidiarias (naves) in secundo ordine, Auct. B. Alex. 14, 3: classem apud Salamina exadversum Athenas,

Nep. Them. 3, 4; cf. id. Alcib. 8, 1:

praesidia in Rutenis provincialibus,

Caes. B. G. 7, 7.—Rarely of a single person: se constituere, to station or post one's self: dum se Gallus iterum eodem pacto constituere studet, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 17.—

In contrast with a march, to cause to halt:

paulisper agmen constituit,

Sall. J. 49, 5; so,

agmen,

Liv. 35, 28, 8; 38, 25, 12:

signa paulisper novitate rei,

id. 33, 10, 3; so,

signa,

id. 34, 20, 4.—And trop.:

si constituitur aliquando (narratio) ac non istā brevitate percurritur,

Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328.—

With the access. idea of preparation, to set up, erect, establish, found, build, construct, prepare, make, create, constitute (class. and very freq.).

Lit.:

genus humanum, quorum omnia causā constituisse deos,

Lucr. 2, 175:

aggerem apparare, vineas agere, turres duas constituere coepit,

Caes. B. G. 7, 17:

turres,

id. ib. 2, 12:

turrim,

id. ib. 2, 30:

castella ad extremas fossas,

id. ib. 2, 8:

vineas ac testudines,

Nep. Milt. 7, 2:

locis certis horrea,

Caes. B. C. 3, 42:

inane sepulcrum,

Ov. M. 6, 568:

feralis cupressos,

Verg. A. 6, 216:

ingentem quercum in tumulo,

id. ib. 11, 6:

pyras curvo in litore,

id. ib. 11, 185:

quattuor aras ad alta delubra dearum,

id. G. 4, 542; Suet. Aug. 59 fin.:

aedem in foro geminis fratribus,

id. Caes. 10:

castra Romae,

id. Tib. 37 et saep.:

oppidum,

to found, Caes. B. C. 1, 15; Nep. Cim. 2, 2; so,

nova moenia,

Verg. A. 12, 194; cf.:

moenia in Aside terrā,

Ov. M. 9, 449:

domicilium sibi Magnesiae,

Nep. Them. 10, 2:

triplex Piraeei portus constitutus est,

id. ib. 6, 1:

hiberna omnium legionum in Belgis,

Caes. B. G. 3, 38:

di primum homines humo excitatos celsos et erectos constituerunt,

Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 140.—

Trop., to bring about, effect, establish, appoint, etc., freq. of judicial determinations, etc.: videte, [p. 438] per deos immortalis, quod jus nobis, quam condicionem vobismet ipsis, quam denique civitati legem constituere velitis, to establish, Cic. Caecin. 14, 40:

jus melius Sullanis praediis quam paternis,

id. Agr. 3, 3, 10:

judicium,

id. Part. Or. 28, 99:

judicium de pecuniis repetundis,

id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:

judicium capitis in se,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 141:

controversiam,

id. de Or. 1, 31, 143:

quaestionem,

Quint. 3, 11, 17; 4, 2, 10:

ratiocinationem,

id. 5, 14, 12:

in hac accusatione comparandā constituendāque laborare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 2; and of persons, to designate, appoint, select, put forward, etc.:

accusatorem,

id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; Quint. 3, 10, 3 (cf.:

comparare accusatorem,

Cic. Clu. 67, 191):

testis,

Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 55:

tutores pupillis,

Dig. 2, 1, 1 et saep.:

nuper apud C. Orchivium collegam meum locus ab judicibus Fausto Sullae de pecuniis residuis non est constitutus,

no trial of him was permitted, Cic. Clu. 34, 94:

reum statim fecit, utique ei locus primus constitueretur impetravit,

id. ib. 20, 56:

fidem,

id. Part. Or. 9, 31; cf. id. Sen. 18, 62:

concordiam,

id. Att. 8, 11, D, 1:

si utilitas amicitiam constituet, tollet eadem,

id. Fin. 2, 24, 78:

amicitiam tecum,

Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 7, 27 (cf. id. ib. §

25: amicitiae permultae comparantur): libertatem,

Cic. Fl. 11, 25:

victoriam,

id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16:

pacem (opp. bellum gerere),

id. ib. 8, 22:

quantum mali sibi ac liberis suis,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 25, § 65.—

With the access. idea of ordering, contriving, to establish, fix, appoint, settle, order, manage; to confirm, regulate, arrange, dispose.

Lit.:

Ti. et C. Gracchos plebem in agris publicis constituisse,

to have established, Cic. Agr. 2, 5, 10; cf. id. ib. 2, 31, 83:

ibi futuros Helvetios, ubi eos Caesar constituisset,

should assign them a permanent abode, Caes. B. G. 1, 13:

reges in civitate,

Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15; cf. id. Off. 2, 12, 41:

Commium regem ibi,

Caes. B. G. 4, 21:

decemviralem potestatem in omnibus urbibus,

Nep. Lys. 2, 1; cf. Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 17:

curatores legibus agrariis,

id. ib.; cf.:

publice patronum huic causae,

id. Mur. 2, 4:

regnum alicui,

Nep. Chabr. 2, 1 al.:

composita et constituta res publica,

Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 42; cf.:

bene morata et bene constituta civitas,

id. Brut. 2, 7; so id. Agr. 2, 5, 10 fin.:

civitates,

to organize, id. de Or. 1, 9, 35:

quis tibi concesserit... reliquas utilitates in constituendis civitatibus... a disertis ornateque dicentibus esse constitutas,

id. ib. 1, 9, 36:

Chersoneso tali modo constituto,

Nep. Milt. 2, 4:

res summā aequitate,

id. ib. 2, 2; cf.:

rem nummariam,

Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80:

rem familiarem,

id. Phil. 11, 2, 4.—

Trop.:

ineuntis aetatis inscitia senum constituenda et regenda prudentiā est,

Cic. Off. 1, 34, 122; cf.:

majores vestri majestatis constituendae gratiā bis Aventinum occupavere,

Sall. J. 31, 17; Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 6:

jam perfectis constitutisque viribus,

Quint. 10, 1, 57.— Pass. impers.: non tam sinistre constitutum est, ut non, etc., i. e. we are not so badly off as not, etc., Plin. Pan. 45, 5.—Of persons:

Athenaeum in maximā apud regem auctoritate gratiāque,

Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 6:

aliquem sibi quaestoris in loco,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 77:

in potestate aliquem,

Lact. Epit. 55, 6:

constituuntur in honoribus, cum magistratus creantur,

Aug. Cont. adv. Leg. 1, 45 al. —

With the access. idea of limiting, fixing, allotting, to fix, appoint something ( for or to something), to settle, agree upon, define, determine.

Lit.:

propter dissensionem placuerat dividi thesauros finesque imperii singulis constitui,

Sall. J. 12, 1:

summum pretium,

Cic. Att. 12, 31, 2; cf.:

pretium frumento,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 73, § 171:

certam pecuniam proconsulibus,

Suet. Aug. 36; id. Ner. 10:

propria loca senatoribus,

id. Claud. 21:

diem nuptiis,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 180; cf.:

nuptias in hunc diem,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 34:

diem concilio,

Caes. B. G. 1, 30:

diem colloquio,

id. ib. 1, 47:

posterum diem pugnae,

id. ib. 3, 23 fin.:

negotio proximum diem,

Sall. J. 93, 8:

certum tempus ei rei,

Caes. B. C. 3, 19:

grandiorem aetatem ad consulatum,

Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 47:

tempus in posterum diem locumque,

Liv. 38, 25, 2:

postquam ad constitutam non venerat diem,

id. 27, 16, 16:

locus, tempus constitutum est,

Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 3:

modum credendi,

Cic. Rab. Post. 3, 5: de numero pastorum alii angustius, alii laxius constituunt:

ego in octogenas hirtas oves singulos pastores constitui, Atticus in centenas,

Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 10.—

T. t. of the lang. of business, to accord, agree with one in a thing, to appoint, fix, to concert, agree upon, assent to (cf. Gron. Obss. p. 14 sq.); constr. aliquid cum aliquo, alicui, inter se, or with acc. only, or absol.

Cum aliquo:

ubiea dies, quam constituerat cum legatis venit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 8:

pactam et constitutam esse cum Manlio diem,

Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 24:

constitui cum quodam hospite, Me esse illum conventuram,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 120:

constitui cum hominibus, quo die mihi Messanae praesto essent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 27, § 65: cum aliquo, ut, etc., Aug. ap. Suet. Calig. 8; cf. under P. a., B. 2.—

Alicui:

L. Cincio HS. XXCD. constitui me curaturum Idibus Febr.,

Cic. Att. 1, 7 init.; id. Off. 1, 10, 32:

ubi nocturnae Numa constituebat amicae,

Juv. 3, 12; cf.:

sane, inquit, vellem non constituissem, in Tusculanum me hodie venturum esse, Laelio,

id. de Or. 1, 62, 265.—

With acc. only or absol.:

vadimonia constituta,

Cic. Sen. 7, 21:

de pecuniā constitutā,

Dig. 13, tit. 5; Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 4:

(Vaccenses) compositis inter se rebus in diem tertiam constituunt,

Sall. J. 66, 2:

sic constituunt, sic condicunt,

Tac. G. 11; Juv. 6, 487.— Pass. impers.:

Avillius, ut erat constitutum, simulat se aegrotare,

Cic. Clu. 13, 37.—

Trop.:

constituendi sunt qui sint in amicitiā fines deligendi,

Cic. Lael. 16, 56:

si forte quaereretur quae esset ars imperatoris, constituendum putarem principio, quis esset imperator: qui cum esset constitutus administrator quidam belli gerendi, tum adjungerem, etc. (for which, soon after, definire),

id. de Or. 1, 48, 210; cf. C. 1. supra, and Quint. 12, 1, 1:

nondum satis constitui molestiaene plus an voluptatis attulerit mihi Trebatius noster,

Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 1:

ut constitueret, honestum esse aliquid quod, etc.,

id. Off. 2, 3, 9:

bona possessa non esse constitui,

id. Quint. 29, 89:

de hoc Antigonus cum solus constituere non auderet, ad consilium retulit,

Nep. Eum. 12, 1.—

With the access. idea of resolving, to determine to do something, to take a resolution, to resolve, decide, determine.

With inf.:

si quis mare Neptunum Cereremque vocare Constituit fruges,

Lucr. 2, 656:

cohortes duas in Nantuatibus collocare,

Caes. B. G. 3, 1:

bellum cum Germanis gerere,

id. ib. 4, 6:

Romanorum adventum exspectare atque ibi decertare,

id. ib. 4, 19:

desciscere a rege,

Nep. Dat. 5, 5.—

With acc. and inf.:

audio constitutum esse Pompeio et ejus consilio in Siciliam me mittere,

Cic. Att. 7, 7, 4. —

With interrog.-clause:

quantum pecuniae quaeque civitas daret, Aristides delectus est, qui constitueret,

Nep. Arist. 3, 1. —

With ut:

rus uti irem, jam heri constitueram,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 136:

constitueram, ut pridie Idus Aquini manerem,

Cic. Att. 16, 10, 1:

constituimus inter nos ut ambulationem conficeremus,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 1:

Lentulus cum ceteris constituerant, uti, etc.,

Sall. C. 43, 1.—Hence, constĭtūtus, a, um, P. a.

Adj. (acc. to B.), constituted, arranged, disposed:

bene constitutum corpus,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 6, 17:

viri sapientes et bene naturā constituti,

id. Sest. 65, 137:

quotus quisque philosophorum invenitur, qui sit ita moratus, ita animo ac vitā constitutus, ut ratio postulat,

id. Tusc. 2, 4, 11:

qui integri sunt et sani et bene constituti de rebus domesticis,

id. Sest. 45, 97.—

(Acc. to C.) Fixed, established:

cursus siderum,

Quint. 1, 10, 46:

discrimina (opp. fortuita),

id. 5, 10, 42:

jam confirmatae constitutaeque vocis,

id. 11, 3, 29.—

Subst.: constĭtūtum, i, n.

(Acc. to B.) An institution, ordinance, law (mostly postclass.), Cod. Th. 1, 11, 5; 12, 41, 1.—

Trop.:

cum videas ordinem rerum et naturam per constituta procedere,

according to established laws, Sen. Q. N. 3, 16, 2.—

(Acc. to D. 1. b.) An agreement, appointment, accommodation; a compact (in good prose):

ante rem quaeruntur, quae talia sunt, apparatus, conloquia, locus, constitutum, convivium,

Cic. Top. 12, 52; so absol., id. Att. 11, 16, 2; id. Cael. 8, 20:

rescripsit constitutum se cum eo habere,

id. Att. 12, 23, 3:

constitutum factum esse cum servis, ut venirent, etc.,

id. Cael. 25, 61; and humorously: si quod constitutum cum podagra habes, fac ut in alium diem differas, id. Fam. 7, 4; so,

ad constitutum venire,

Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 1; Cic. Caecin. 12, 33:

se proripu it,

Suet. Oth. 6;

and without a verb,

Cic. Att. 12, 1, 1; Flor. 2, 6, 16 (but in Vell. 2, 110, 1, the better read. is consili).

dē-cĭdo, cĭdi, 3, v. n. [cado], to fall off, fall down (class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

decido de lecto praeceps,

Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 48; so,

anguis decidit de tegulis,

Ter. Ph. 4, 4, 26:

poma ex arboribus decidunt,

Cic. de Sen. 19 fin.; cf.:

e flore guttae,

Ov. M. 9, 345:

equo,

Caes. B. G. 1, 48, 6;

for which ex equo (in terram),

Nep. Eum. 4;

and ab equo (in arva),

Ov. Ib. 259:

summo toro,

id. F. 2, 350:

arbore glandes,

id. M. 1, 106:

caelo,

Plin. 37, 10, 59, § 164; so,

caelo,

id. 2, 52, 53, § 138:

in terras imber,

Lucr. 6, 497; so,

imber,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 29:

celsae turres graviore casu,

id. Od. 2, 10, 11:

comae,

id. ib. 4, 10, 3 et saep.:

montium decidentium moles,

Plin. Ep. 8, 17, 3:

(volucris) decidit in terram,

Ov. M. 12, 569;

so in terras sidus,

id. ib. 14, 847:

in puteum foveamve auceps,

Hor. A. P. 458:

in lacum fulmen,

Suet. Galb. 8:

in dolia serpens,

Juv. 6, 432:

in casses praeda,

Ov. A. A. 2, 2:

in laqueos suos auceps,

id. Rem. Am. 502:

in turbam praedonum hic fugiens,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 42:

in praeceps,

Ov. M. 12, 339:

ad pedes tunica,

Suet. Aug. 94. —

Pregn. (like cado and concido), to fall down dead, to sink down, to die (in class. Lat. only poet.):

morbo decidunt,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 143:

nos ubi decidimus, Quo pater Aeneas,

Hor. Od. 4, 7, 14:

scriptor abhinc annos centum qui decidit,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 36:

decidit exanimis vitamque reliquit in astris,

Verg. A. 5, 517; cf. Stat. Th. 8, 125; and id. ib. 9, 755: (nupta) Decidit;

in talum serpentis dente recepto,

Ov. M. 10, 10.

Trop., to fall, drop, fall away, fail, sink:

quanta de spe decidi!

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 9;

for which quanta spe decidi!

id. ib. 4, 8, 11; Suet. Oth. 5;

and a spe societatis Prusiae,

Liv. 37, 26:

ex astris,

Cic. Att. 2, 21, 4 (cf.: astrum, no. II. B. fin.):

ego ab archetypo labor et decido,

Plin. Ep. 5, 10, 1:

eo decidit ut exsul de senatore fieret,

has fallen so low, id. ib. 4, 11, 1: oculis captus in hanc fraudem decidisti (cf. katapiptein), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 101:

ad eas rei familiaris angustias decidit, ut, etc.,

Suet. Claud. 9 fin.; cf.:

huc decidisse cuncta, ut, etc.,

Tac. A. 3, 59:

ficta omnia celeriter tamquam flosculi decidunt,

perish, Cic. Off. 2, 12 fin.:

non virtute hostium sed amicorum perfidia decidi,

am fallen, defeated, Nep. Eum. 11 fin.:

an toto pectore deciderim,

wholly banished from her affections, Tib. 3, 1, 20 (cf. ek thumou peseein, Hom. Il. 23, 595):

qui huc deciderunt,

into this illness, Cels. 3, 21 fin.:

in hydropa,

id. ib. med.: in maximis necessitatibus, ad quas libidine deciderat, Schol. Juv. 5, 3.

dē-cīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to cut off.

Lit. (rare in ante-Aug. per.; more freq. abscīdo;

not in Caes.): taleas oleaginas tripedaneas,

Cato R. R. 45:

collum,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 37:

aures,

Tac. A. 12, 14:

virgam arbori,

id. G. 10:

caput,

Curt. 7, 2;

prov.: pennas,

to clip the wings, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 50:

malleolum,

Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 162:

filicem nascentem falce,

Col. 2, 2, 13; Sil. 4, 389 et saep.—

Transf., to cudgel, beat soundly:

aliquem verberibus decidere,

Dig. 47, 21, 2.

Trop., to decide a disputed, or, indeed, any matter (qs. to cut the knot; cf.:

dirimo and secare lites, res,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 42; id. Sat. 1, 10, 15); to determine, settle, terminate, put an end to (class., most freq. in judic. lang.; cf.: transigo, paciscor).

With acc.: damnum, XII. Tab. 12, 4; Gai. Inst. 4, 37; 4, 45:

quibus rebus actis atque decisis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45 fin.; cf.:

decisa negotia,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 59:

res transactione decisa,

Dig. 5, 2, 29;

and jam decisa quaestio,

ib. 18, 3, 4:

decidis statuisque tu, quid iis ad denarium solveretur,

Cic. Quint. 4, 17; id. Rosc. Com. 11, 32; Dig. 47, 2, 63; cf. ib. 9, 4, 22, § 4:

hoc loco praeter nomen cetera propriis decisa sunt verbis,

i. e. decidedly, clearly expressed, Quint. 8, 6, 47: ego pol istam jam aliquovorsum tragulam decidero, I will now dispose of this dart one way or another, i. e. I will now put an end to this attack, these tricks, Plaut. Casin. 2, 4, 18.—

With praepp.:

cum aliquo,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § [p. 520] 79; 2, 1, 48, § 125; id. Rosc. Am. 39, 114; Plin. 7, 40, 41, § 130:

non erit uncia tota, decidat tecum qua pater ipse deum,

for which Jupiter may compound with you, Mart. 9, 4, 6; cf.:

cum patrono pecuniā,

Dig. 12, 6, 26, § 12:

de rebus,

Cic. Quint. 5, 19; id. Rosc. Com. 12, 35 sq.; id. Att. 1, 8; Just. 31, 7: decidere jactu coepit cum ventis, to compound with the winds by throwing overboard (the cargo), Juv. 12, 33.—

Absol.:

in jugera singula ternis medimnis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 48; id. Rosc. Com. 36; Aur. Vict. de Vir. Ill. 56, 4.—

To cut down, reduce, diminish:

ad tertiam partem vectigal,

Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38.

dis-cingo, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a., to ungird, deprive of the girdle.

Lit.:

discinctā tunicā fugiendum est,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 132; Vell. 2, 41 fin.; cf.:

tunicati et discincti,

Suet. Aug. 100:

jam discingitur armis,

Sil. 8, 34.—As a milit. punishment:

destrictis gladiis discinctos destituit,

Liv. 27, 13; Suet. Aug. 24 and 100: cum tenues nuper Marius discinxerit Afros, had disarmed, i. e. conquered, Juv. 8, 120; cf.:

peltatam Amazona Scythico nodo,

Mart. 9, 101, 5.—

Trop.

In verb finit.:

mihi crede, in sinu est (Caesar), neque ego discingor,

i. e. I do not neglect him, I endeavor to preserve his friendship, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 13; cf. Sen. Ep. 92 fin.:

discinxit ratione dolos fraudesque resolvit,

i. e. discovered, detected, Sil. 7, 153; cf.:

ut inter Methium et Paulum, quae veniunt in disceptationem, discingas,

i. e. that thou wilt decide, Sid. Ep. 2, 7.—

discinctus, a, um, ungirt.

Lit.:

ne glorietur accinctus aeque ac discinctus,

i. e. who has put off his armor, Vulg. 3 Reg. 20, 11.—

Trop.

Voluptuous, effeminate, Afri, Verg. A. 8, 724.— Hence,

Slovenly, careless, negligent; loose, dissolute, reckless:

discincti ludere,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 73:

avarus ut Chremes, opp. discinctus ut nepos,

id. Epod. 1, 34:

Natta,

Pers. 3, 31:

verna,

id. 4, 22:

discincta in otia natus,

Ov. Am. 1, 9, 41.

făcĭo, feci, factum, 3, v. a. and n.; in pass.: fio, factus, fieri ( imper. usually fac, but the arch form face is freq., esp. in Plaut. and Ter., as Plaut. As. prol. 4; 1, 1, 77; id. Aul. 2, 1, 30; id. Cist. 2, 1, 28; id. Ep. 1, 1, 37; 2, 2, 117; id. Most. 3, 2, 167 et saep.; Ter. And. 4, 1, 57; 4, 2, 29; 5, 1, 2; 14; id. Eun. 1, 2, 10 al.; Cato, R. R. 23, 1; 26; 32 al.; Cat. 63, 78; 79; 82; Ov. Med. fac. 60; Val. Fl. 7, 179 al.; futur. facie for faciam, Cato ap. Quint. 1, 7, 23; cf. dico, init., and the letter e:

faxo,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 199; 2, 1, 42; 3, 3, 17; 3, 4, 14; 5, 1, 55 et saep.; Ter. And. 5, 2, 13; id. Eun. 2, 2, 54; 4, 3, 21 al.; Verg. A. 9, 154; 12, 316; Ov. M. 3, 271; 12, 594: faxim, Enn. ap. Non. 507, 23; Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 13; id. Aul. 3, 2, 6; 3, 5, 20 al.; Ter. And. 4, 4, 14; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 13:

faxis,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 38; Sil. 15, 362: faxit, Lex Numae in Paul. ex Fest. s. v. ALIVTA, p. 6 Mull.; Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 12; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 90; 3, 5, 54; id. Cas. 3, 5, 6 al.; Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:

faximus,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 40: faxitis, an old form in Liv. 23, 11, 2; 25, 12, 10; 29, 27, 3:

faxint,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 85; id. Aul. 2, 1, 27; 2, 2, 79 al.; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 109; id. Hec. 1, 2, 27; 3, 2, 19; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 35, § 81; id. Fam. 14, 3, 3.—In pass. imper.:

fi,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 87; Hor. S. 2, 5, 38; Pers. 1, 1, 39:

fite,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 89 al. — Indic.: facitur, Nigid. ap. Non. 507, 15: fitur, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 789:

fiebantur,

id. ib.: fitum est, Liv. Andron. ap. Non. 475, 16.— Subj.: faciatur, Titin. ib.— Inf.: fiere, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 75 P.; Ann. v. 15, ed. Vahl.; Laev. ap. Gell. 19, 7, 10.—On the long i of fit, v. Ritschl, prol. p. 184, and cf. Plaut. Capt. prol. 25: ut fit in bello) [prob. root bha-; Sanscr. bhasas, light; Gr. pha-, in phainô, phêmi; cf. fax, facetiae, facilis, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 423.—But Curt. refers facio to root the- (strengthened THEK), Griech. Etym. p. 64], to make in all senses, to do, perform, accomplish, prepare, produce, bring to pass, cause, effect, create, commit, perpetrate, form, fashion, etc. (cf. in gen.:

ago, factito, reddo, operor, tracto): verbum facere omnem omnino faciendi causam complectitur, donandi, solvendi, judicandi, ambulandi, numerandi,

Dig. 50, 16, 218.

In gen.

With acc.: ut faber, cum quid aedificaturus est, non ipse facit materiam, sed ea utitur, quae sit parata, etc.... Quod si non est a deo materia facta, ne terra quidem et aqua et aer et ignis a deo factus est, Cic. N. D. Fragm. ap. Lact. 2, 8 (Cic. ed. Bait. 7, p. 121):

sphaera ab Archimede facta,

Cic. Rep. 1, 14:

fecitque idem et sepsit de manubiis comitium et curiam,

id. ib. 2, 17:

aedem,

id. ib. 2, 20:

pontem in Arari faciundum curat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 1:

castra,

id. ib. 1, 48, 2; Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4:

faber vasculum fecit,

Quint. 7, 10, 9:

classem,

Caes. B. G. 4, 21, 4:

cenas et facere et obire,

Cic. Att. 9, 13, 6:

ignem lignis viridibus,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 17, § 45:

poema,

to compose, id. Pis. 29, 70:

carmina,

Juv. 7, 28:

versus,

id. 7, 38:

sermonem,

Cic. Fam. 9, 8, 1; cf.

litteram,

id. Ac. 2, 2, 6: ludos, to celebrate, exhibit = edere, id. Rep. 2, 20; id. Att. 15, 10;

also i. q. ludificari,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 47:

sementes,

i. e. to sow, Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 1:

messem,

Col. 2, 10, 28:

pecuniam,

to make, acquire, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:

manum (with parare copias),

to collect, prepare, id. Caecin. 12, 33; so,

cohortes,

Caes. B. C. 3, 87, 4:

exercitum,

Vell. 2, 109, 2; and:

auxilia mercede,

Tac. A. 6, 33:

iter,

Cic. Att. 3, 1; id. Planc. 26, 65; id. Div. 1, 33, 73 et saep.; cf.

also the phrases: aditum sibi ad aures,

Quint. 4, 1, 46:

admirationem alicujus rei alicui,

to excite, Liv. 25, 11, 18; Sen. Ep. 115:

aes alienum,

Cic. Att. 13, 46, 4; Liv. 2, 23, 5; Sen. Ep. 119, 1:

alienationem disjunctionemque,

Cic. Lael. 21, 76:

animum alicui,

Liv. 25, 11, 10:

arbitrium de aliquo,

to decide, Hor. C. 4, 7, 21;

opp. arbitrium alicui in aliqua re,

i. e. to leave the decision to one, Liv. 43, 15, 5:

audaciam hosti,

id. 29, 34, 10:

audientiam orationi,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 13, 42:

auspicium alicui,

Liv. 1, 34, 9; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 86:

auctoritatem,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 15, 43:

bellum,

Cic. Off. 1, 11, 35; Caes. B. G. 3, 29, 2:

multa bona alicui,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 46:

castra,

to pitch, Tac. H. 5, 1:

caulem,

to form, Col. Arb. 54:

clamores,

to make, raise, Cic. Brut. 95, 326:

cognomen alicui,

to give, Liv. 1, 3, 9:

commercium sermonis,

id. 5, 15, 5:

concitationes,

Caes. B. C. 3, 106 fin.:

conjurationes,

to form, id. B. G. 4, 30 fin.:

consuetudinem alicui cum altero,

Cic. Fam. 13, 23, 1:

consilia alicui,

Liv. 35, 42, 8:

contentionem cum aliquo,

Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

controversiam,

to occasion, id. Or. 34, 121:

convicium magnum alicui,

id. Fam. 10, 16, 1:

copiam pugnandi militibus,

Liv. 7, 13, 10:

corpus,

to grow fat, corpulent, Cels. 7, 3 fin.; Phaedr. 3, 7, 5:

curam,

Tac. A. 3, 52:

damnum,

to suffer, Cic. Brut. 33, 125:

detrimentum,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 20:

desiderium alicujus, rei alicui,

Liv. 3, 34, 7; 7, 24, 10:

dicta,

Ov. F. 2, 375; 3, 515:

difficultatem,

Quint. 10, 3, 10 and 16:

discordiam,

to cause, Tac. H. 3, 48:

discrimen,

Quint. 7, 2, 14; 11, 1, 43:

disjunctionem (with alienationem),

Cic. Lael. 21, 76:

dolorem alicui,

id. Att. 11, 8, 2:

dulcedinem,

Sen. Ep. 111:

eloquentiam alicui (ira),

Quint. 6, 2, 26:

epigramma,

to write, Cic. Arch. 10, 25:

errorem,

Sen. Ep. 67:

eruptiones ex oppido,

Caes. B. C. 2, 2, 5:

exemplum,

Quint. 5, 2, 2: exempla = edere or statuere, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 66. exercitum, to raise, muster, Tac. A. 6, 33:

exspectationem,

Quint. 9, 2, 23:

facinus,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 1; Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 95; Tac. A. 12, 31:

facultatem recte judicandi alicui,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 73, § 179:

fallaciam,

Ter. And. 1, 8, 7:

famam ingenii,

Quint. 11, 2, 46:

fastidium,

Liv. 3, 1, 7:

favorem alicui,

id. 42, 14, 10; Quint. 4, 1, 33:

fidem alicui,

Cic. Cat. 3, 2, 4; id. Att. 7, 8, 1; Quint. 6, 2, 18:

finem,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, 16; id. Rep. 2, 44:

formidinem,

to excite, Tac. H. 3, 10:

fortunam magnam (with parare),

Liv. 24, 22, 9:

fraudem,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 9; Cic. Att. 4, 12:

fugam fecerunt, stronger than fugerunt,

Liv. 8, 9, 12 Weissenb.; Sall. J. 53, 3;

but: cum fugam in regia fecisset (sc. ceterorum),

Liv. 1, 56, 4; so,

fugam facere = fugare,

id. 21, 5, 16; 21, 52, 10:

fugam hostium facere,

id. 22, 24, 8; 26, 4, 8 al.:

gestum vultu,

Quint. 11, 3, 71:

gradum,

Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 249; id. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 3; Quint. 3, 6, 8:

gratiam alicujus rei,

Liv. 3, 56, 4; 8, 34, 3:

gratulationem alicui,

Cic. Fam. 11, 18, 3; Sen. Ep. 6:

gratum alicui,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 56; Cic. Rep. 1, 21; cf.:

gratissimum alicui,

id. Fam. 7, 21 fin.:

histrioniam,

Plaut. Am. prol. 152:

homicidium,

to commit, Quint. 5, 9, 9:

hospitium cum aliquo,

Cic. Balb. 18, 42:

imperata,

Caes. B. G. 2, 3, 3:

impetum in hostem,

Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 34; Liv. 25, 11, 2:

incursionem,

Liv. 3, 38, 3:

indicium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57, § 150:

inducias,

id. Phil. 8, 7, 20:

initium,

to begin, id. Agr. 2, 29, 79; cf.:

initia ab aliquo,

id. Rep. 1, 19:

injuriam,

id. ib. 3, 14 (opp. accipere); Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 4; Quint. 3, 6, 49; 10, 1, 115:

insidias alicui,

Cic. Mil. 9, 23:

iram,

Quint. 6, 1, 14:

jacturam,

Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89; id. Fin. 2, 24, 79; Caes. B. G. 7, 77, 7:

judicium,

Cic. Att. 7, 23, 2:

judicatum,

to execute, id. Fl. 20, 48:

jus alicui,

Liv. 32, 13, 6:

jussa,

Ov. F. 1, 379:

laetitiam,

Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:

largitiones,

id. Tusc. 3, 20, 48:

locum poetarum mendacio,

Curt. 3, 1, 4:

locum alicui rei,

Cels. 2, 14 fin.; 7, 4, 3; Curt. 4, 11, 8; Sen. Ep. 91, 13 et saep.:

longius,

Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 22 al.:

valde magnum,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7:

medicinam alicui,

to administer, id. Fam. 14, 7:

memoriam,

Quint. 11, 2, 4:

mentionem,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 11, 2:

metum,

to excite, Tac. A. 6, 36:

turbida lux metum insidiarum faciebat,

suggested, Liv. 10, 33, 5:

metum alicui,

id. 9, 41, 11:

missum aliquem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134:

modum irae,

Liv. 4, 50, 4:

moram,

Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 72:

morem alicujus rei sibi,

Liv. 35, 35, 13:

motus,

id. 28, 46, 8: multam alicui, Cato ap. Gell. 11, 1, 6:

munditias,

id. R. R. 2, 4:

mutationem,

Cic. Sest. 12, 27; id. Off. 1, 33, 120:

multa alicui,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5, § 16:

naufragium,

to suffer, id. Fam. 16, 9, 1:

negotium alicui,

to give to do, make trouble for, Quint. 5, 12, 13; Just. 21, 4, 4:

nomen alicui,

Liv. 8, 15, 8; cf.

nomina,

to incur debts, Cic. Off. 3, 14, 59:

odium vitae,

Plin. 20, 18, 76, § 199:

officium suum,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 5, 12:

omnia amici causa,

Cic. Lael. 10, 35; id. Fam. 5, 11, 2:

opinionem alicui,

id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:

orationem,

id. de Or. 1, 14, 63; id. Brut. 8, 30; id. Or. 51, 172:

otia alicui,

to grant, Verg. E. 1, 6:

pacem,

to conclude, Cic. Off. 3, 30, 109:

pecuniam ex aliqua re,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:

periculum,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 23; id. Heaut. 2, 1, 9; Tac. A. 13, 33; 16, 19; Sall. C. 33, 1: perniciem alicui, to cause, = parare, Tac. H. 2, 70:

planum,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 19, 54:

potestatem,

id. Cat. 3, 5, 11; id. Rep. 2, 28:

praedam,

Caes. B. G. 4, 34, 5; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 60, § 156; Plaut. Poen. 3, 6, 8:

praedas ab aliquo,

Nep. Chabr. 2, 2:

proelium,

to join, Caes. B. G. 1, 13; Cic. Deiot. 5, 13; Liv. 25, 1, 5; Tac. H. 4, 79; id. A. 12, 40:

promissum,

Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95:

pudorem,

Liv. 3, 31, 3:

ratum,

id. 28, 39, 16:

rem,

Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 12:

reum,

to accuse, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38: risum, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 40; 48:

scelus,

to commit, Tac. H. 1, 40:

securitatem alicui,

Liv. 36, 41, 1:

sermonem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66:

significationem ignibus,

Caes. B. G. 2, 33, 3:

silentium,

Liv. 24, 7, 12:

somnum,

to induce, Juv. 3, 282:

spem,

Cic. Att. 3, 16; Liv. 30, 3, 7:

spiritus,

id. 30, 11, 3:

stercus,

Col. 2, 15:

stipendia,

Sall. J. 63, 3; Liv. 3, 27, 1; 5, 7, 5:

stomachum alicui,

Cic. Att. 5, 11, 2; id. Fam. 1, 9, 10:

suavium alicui,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 53:

suspicionem,

Cic. Fl. 33, 83:

taedium alicujus rei,

Liv. 4, 57, 11:

terrorem iis,

to inflict, id. 10, 25, 8:

timorem,

to excite, id. 6, 28, 8:

mihi timorem,

Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 2:

totum,

Dig. 28, 5, 35:

transitum alicui,

Liv. 26, 25, 3:

turbam,

Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 2:

urinam,

Col. 6, 19:

usum,

Quint. 10, 3, 28:

vadimonium,

Cic. Quint. 18, 57:

verbum, verba,

to speak, talk, id. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147:

verbum,

to invent, id. Fin. 3, 15, 51:

versus,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 5:

vestigium,

id. Rab. Post. 17, 47: viam [p. 717] sibi, Liv. 3, 5, 6:

vim alicui or in aliquem,

id. 38, 24, 4; 3, 5, 5:

vires,

to get, acquire, Quint. 10, 3, 3:

vitium,

Cic. Top. 3, 15 al. —

With ut, ne, quin, or the simple subj.:

faciam, ut ejus diei locique meique semper meminerit,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 20:

facere ut remigret domum,

id. Pers. 4, 6, 3; id. Capt. 3, 4, 78; 4, 2, 77:

ea, quantum potui, feci, ut essent nota nostris,

Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 8:

facito, ut sciam,

id. Att. 2, 4, 4:

non potuisti ullo modo facere, ut mihi illam epistolam non mitteres,

id. ib. 11, 21, 1:

si facis ut patriae sit idoneus,

Juv. 14, 71:

ut nihil ad te dem litterarum facere non possum,

Cic. Ac. 8, 14, 1; for which, with quin:

facere non possum, quin ad te mittam,

I cannot forbear sending, id. ib. 12, 27, 2:

fecisti, ut ne cui maeror tuus calamitatem afferret,

id. Clu. 60, 168:

fac, ne quid aliud cures,

id. Fam. 16, 11, 1:

domi assitis, facite,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 53:

fac fidele sis fidelis,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 79:

fac cupidus mei videndi sis,

Cic. Fam. 5, 21, 5:

fac cogites,

id. ib. 11, 3, 4.—In pass.:

fieri potest, ut recte quis sentiat, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 6: potest fieri, ut iratus dixerit, etc., Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 285:

nec fieri possit, ut non statim alienatio facienda sit,

id. Lael. 21, 76; so with ut non, id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 190 (Zumpt, Gram. § 539).—

With inf. = efficere, curare, to cause (rare):

nulla res magis talis oratores videri facit,

Cic. Brut. 38, 142; Pall. 6, 12:

aspectus arborum macrescere facit volucres inclusas,

Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 3; Sall. Fragm. ap. Sen. Ep. 114:

qui nati coram me cernere letum Fecisti,

Verg. A. 2, 539; Ov. H. 17, 174:

mel ter infervere facito,

Col. 12, 38, 5 (perh. also in Ov. H. 6, 100, instead of favet, v. Loers. ad h. l.; cf. infra, B. 4.).—

Absol.:

ego plus, quam feci, facere non possum,

Cic. Fam. 11, 14, 3:

faciam, ut potero, Laeli,

id. de Sen. 3, 7; cf. id. Rep. 1, 24:

noli putare, pigritia me facere, quod non mea manu scribam,

id. Att. 16, 15, 1; so,

facere = hoc or id facere,

Lucr. 4, 1112 (cf. Munro ad loc.); 1153: vereor ne a te rursus dissentiam. M. Non facies, Quinte, Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 33;

so after scribam,

id. Att. 16, 16, 15:

nominaverunt,

id. Rep. 2, 28, 50;

after disserere: tu mihi videris utrumque facturus,

id. ib. 2, 11, 22;

after fingere: ut facit apud Platonem Socrates,

id. ib.:

necesse erit uti epilogis, ut in Verrem Cicero fecit,

Quint. 6, 1, 54:

qui dicere ac facere doceat,

id. 2, 3, 11:

faciant equites,

Juv. 7, 14; Liv. 42, 37, 6:

petis ut libellos meos recognoscendos curem. Faciam,

Plin. Ep. 4, 26, 1; 5, 1, 4 et saep. (cf. the use of facio, as neutr., to resume or recall the meaning of another verb, v. II. E. infra; between that use and this no line can be drawn).

In partic.

With a double object, to make a thing into something, to render it something:

senatum bene firmum firmiorem vestra auctoritate fecistis,

Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18:

te disertum,

id. ib. 2, 39 fin.:

iratum adversario judicem,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 220:

heredem filiam,

to appoint, constitute, id. Verr. 2, 1, 43, § 111:

aliquem regem,

Just. 9, 6:

aliquem ludos,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 75:

aliquem absentem rei capitalis reum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 93:

animum dubium,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 27:

injurias irritas,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 63:

vectigalia sibi deteriora,

Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 4:

hi consules facti sunt,

Cic. de Sen. 5, 14:

disciplina doctior facta civitas,

id. Rep. 2, 19:

di ex hominibus facti,

id. ib. 2, 10; cf.:

tua virtute nobis Romanos ex amicis amicissimos fecisti,

Sall. J. 10, 2.—In pass.:

quo tibi sumere depositum clavum fierique tribuno?

to become a tribune, Hor. S. 1, 6, 25.—

to value, esteem, regard a person or thing in any manner (like the Engl. make, in the phrase to make much of).—Esp. with gen. pretii:

in quo perspicere posses, quanti te, quanti Pompeium, quem unum ex omnibus facio, ut debeo, plurimi, quanti Brutum facerem,

Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 2:

te quotidie pluris feci,

id. ib. 3, 4, 2:

voluptatem virtus minimi facit,

id. Fin. 2, 13, 42:

dolorem nihili facere,

to care nothing for, to despise, id. ib. 27, 88:

nihili facio scire,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 42:

negat se magni facere, utrum, etc.,

Quint. 11, 1, 38:

parum id facio,

Sall. J. 85, 31: si illi aliter nos faciant quam aequum sit. Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 43.—

With gen., to make a thing the property of a person, subject it to him: omnia, quae mulieris fuerunt, viri fiunt, Cic. Top. 4, 23.—Esp.: facere aliquid dicionis alicujus, to reduce to subjection under a person or power:

omnem oram Romanae dicionis fecit,

Liv. 21, 60, 3:

dicionis alienae facti,

id. 1, 25, 13; 5, 27, 14; cf.: ut munus imperii beneficii sui faceret, to make it ( seem) his own bounty, Just. 13, 4, 9:

ne delecto imperatore alio sui muneris rempublicam faceret,

Tac. A. 15, 52.—

To represent a thing in any manner, to feign, assert, say. —Constr. with acc. and adj. or part., or with acc. and inf.

Acc. and part.:

in eo libro, ubi se exeuntem e senatu et cum Pansa colloquentem facit,

id. Brut. 60, 218:

Xenophon facit... Socratem disputantem,

id. N. D. 1, 12, 31; cf.:

ejus (Socratis) oratio, qua facit eum Plato usum apud judices,

id. Tusc. 1, 40 fin. al.—

Acc. and inf.:

qui nuper fecit servo currenti in via decesse populum,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 31:

fecerat et fetam procubuisse lupam,

Verg. A. 8, 630; cf. Ov. M. 6, 109, v. Bach ad h. l.:

poetae impendere apud inferos saxum Tantalo faciunt,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 35:

quem (Herculem) Homerus apud inferos conveniri facit ab Ulixe,

id. N. D. 3, 16, 41:

Plato construi a deo mundum facit,

id. ib. 1, 8, 19:

Plato Isocratem laudari fecit a Socrate,

id. Opt. Gen. 6, 17; id. Brut. 38, 142:

M. Cicero dicere facit C. Laelium,

Gell. 17, 5, 1:

caput esse faciunt ea, quae perspicua dicunt,

Cic. Fia. 4, 4, 8, v. Madv. ad h. l.—

In double construction:

Polyphemum Homerus cum ariete colloquentem facit ejusque laudare fortunas,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 39 fin. —

To make believe, to pretend:

facio me alias res agere,

Cic. Fam. 15, 18:

cum verbis se locupletem faceret,

id. Fl. 20:

me unum ex iis feci, qui, etc.,

id. Planc. 27, 65.—

Hypothetically in the imper. fac, suppose, assume:

fac, quaeso, qui ego sum, esse te,

Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1; cf.:

fac potuisse,

id. Phil. 2, 3, 5:

fac animos non remanere post mortem,

id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82; 1, 29, 70:

fac velit,

Stat. Ach. 2, 241:

fac velle,

Verg. A. 4, 540.—

In mercant. lang., to practise, exercise, follow any trade or profession:

cum mercaturas facerent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 72:

naviculariam,

id. ib. 2, 5, 18, §

46: argentariam,

id. ib. 2, 5, 49, § 155; id. Caecin. 4, 10:

topiariam,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 5:

haruspicinam,

id. Fam. 6, 18, 1:

praeconium,

id. ib.; so,

piraticam,

id. Post. Red. in Sen. 5, 11:

medicinam,

Phaedr. 1, 14, 2.—

In relig. lang., like the Gr. rhezein, to perform or celebrate a religious rite; to offer sacrifice, make an offering, to sacrifice:

res illum divinas apud eos deos in suo sacrario quotidie facere vidisti,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 8, § 18:

sacra pro civibus,

id. Balb. 24, 55:

sacrificium publicum,

id. Brut. 14, 56.— Absol.:

a sacris patriis Junonis Sospitae, cui omnes consules facere necesse est, consulem avellere,

Cic. Mur. 41, 90.—With abl.:

cum faciam vitula pro frugibus,

Verg. E. 3, 77:

catulo,

Col. 2, 22, 4.— Pass. impers.:

cum pro populo fieret,

Cic. Att. 1, 13, 3:

quibus diis decemviri ex libris ut fieret, ediderunt,

Liv. 37, 3, 5.—

In gram., to make, form in inflecting:

cur aper apri et pater patris faciat?

Quint. 1, 6, 13; so id. 14; 15; 27; cf.:

sic genitivus Achilli et Ulixi fecit,

id. 1, 5, 63; 1, 6, 26:

eadem (littera) fecit ex duello bellum,

id. 1, 4, 15.—

In late Lat., (se) facere aliquo, to betake one's self to any place:

intra limen sese facit,

App. 5, p. 159, 25;

without se: homo meus coepit ad stelas facere,

Petr. 62:

ad illum ex Libya Hammon facit,

Tert. Pall. 3.—

Peculiar phrases.

Quid faciam (facias, fiet, etc.), with abl., dat., or (rare) with de, what is to be done with a person or thing? quid hoc homine facias? Cic. Sest. 13, 29; id. Verr. 2, 2, 16, § 40:

nescit quid faciat auro,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 100:

quid tu huic homini facias?

Cic. Caecin. 11, 30; cf.:

quid enim tibi faciam,

id. Att. 7, 3, 2: quid faceret huic conclusioni, i. e. how should he refute, etc., id. Ac. 2, 30, 96:

quid facias illi?

Hor. S. 1, 1, 63:

miserunt Delphos consultum quidnam facerent de rebus suis,

Nep. Them. 2: quid fecisti scipione? what have you done with the stick? or, what has become of it? Plaut. Cas. 5, 4, 6; cf. id. ib. 5, 4, 9.—In pass.:

quid Tulliola mea fiet?

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 3:

quid illo fiet? quid me?

id. Att. 6, 1, 14:

quid fiet artibus?

id. Ac. 2, 33, 107:

quid mihi fiet?

Ov. A. A. 1, 536:

quid de illa fiet fidicina igitur?

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 48: de fratre quid fiet? Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 39.— Absol.:

quid faciat Philomela? fugam custodia claudit?

Ov. M. 6, 572:

quid facerem? neque servitio me exire licebat, etc.,

Verg. E. 1, 41 al. —

Fit, factum est aliquo or aliqua re, it happens to, becomes of a person or thing:

volo Erogitare, meo minore quid sit factum filio,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 32:

nec quid deinde iis (elephantis) factum sit, auctores explicant,

Plin. 8, 6, 6, § 17:

quid eo est argento factum?

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 106.—Hence,

Esp., si quid factum sit aliquo, if any thing should happen to one (i. q. si quid acciderit humanitus), euphemistically for if one should die:

si quid eo factum esset, in quo spem essetis habituri?

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 20, 59; cf.:

eum fecisse aiunt, sibi quod faciendum fuit,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 1, 23. —

Ut fit, as it usually happens, as is commonly the case:

praesertim cum, ut fit, fortuito saepe aliquid concluse apteque dicerent,

Cic. Or. 53, 177:

queri, ut fit, incipiunt,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 56:

dum se uxor, ut fit, comparat,

id. Mil. 10, 28:

fecit statim, ut fit, fastidium copia,

Liv. 3, 1, 7.—

Fiat, an expression of assent, so be it! very good! fiat, geratur mos tibi, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 146; id. As. 1, 1, 27; id. Am. 2, 2, 138; id. Most. 4, 3, 44 al.—

Dictum ac factum, no sooner said than done, without delay, at once; v. dictum under dico, A. d.—

In certain phrases the ellipsis of facere is common, e. g. finem facere:

Quae cum dixisset, Cotta finem,

Cic. N. D. 3, 40, 94; id. Fin. 4, 1 init. —With nihil aliud quam, quid alium quam, nihil praeterquam, which often = an emphatic Engl. only (but not in Cic.):

Tissaphernes nihil aliud quam bellum comparavit,

Nep. Ages. 2:

per biduum nihil aliud quam steterunt parati,

Liv. 34, 46; Suet. Caes. 20; id. Aug. 83; Liv. 2, 63; 4, 3; 3, 26.—So with nihil amplius quam, nihil prius quam, nihil minus quam, Liv. 26, 20; 35, 11; Suet. Dom. 3.

With adverbs, to do, deal, or act in any manner:

recta et vera loquere, sed neque vere neque recte adhuc Fecisti umquam,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7;

v. recte under rego: bene fecit Silius, qui transegerit,

Cic. Att. 12, 24, 1:

seu recte seu perperam,

to do right or wrong, id. Quint. 8, 31:

Dalmatis di male faciant,

id. Fam. 5, 11 fin.:

facis amice,

in a friendly manner, id. Lael. 2, 9; cf.:

per malitiam,

maliciously, id. Rosc. Com. 7, 21:

humaniter,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1:

imperite,

id. Leg. 1, 1, 4:

tutius,

Quint. 5, 10, 68:

voluit facere contra huic aegre,

Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10: bene facere, to profit, benefit (opp. male facere, to hurt, injure), Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 25; 5, 7, 19; Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 22; id. Capt. 5, 2, 23; v. also under benefacio and benefactum.—

Facere cum or ab aliquo, to take part with one, to side with one; and opp. contra (or adversus) aliquem, to take part against one:

si respondisset, idem sentire et secum facere Sullam,

Cic. Sull. 13, 36; cf.:

cum illo consulem facere,

id. Att. 6, 8, 2; and:

secum consules facere,

id. Planc. 35, 86:

auctoritatem sapientissimorum hominum facere nobiscum,

id. Caecin. 36, 104; cf.:

rem et sententiam interdicti mecum facere fatebatur,

id. ib. 28, 79:

cum veritas cum hoc faciat,

is on his side, id. Quint. 30, 91:

commune est, quod nihilo magis ab adversariis quam a nobis facit,

id. Inv. 1, 48, 90:

omnes damnatos, omnes ignominia affectos illac (a or cum Caesare) facere,

id. Att. 7, 3, 5:

quae res in civitate duae plurimum possunt, eae contra nos ambae faciunt in hoc tempore,

id. Quint. 1, 1:

neque minus eos cum quibus steterint quam adversus quos fecerint,

Nep. Eum. 8, 2:

cum aliquo non male facere,

to be on good terms with, Ov. Am. 3, 762.—

In late Lat. facere cum aliqua = vivere cum aliqua, to live in matrimony, to be married, Inscr. Orell. 4646. —

Ad aliquid, alicui, or absol., to be good or of use for any thing; to be useful, of service:

chamaeleon facit ad difficultatem urinae,

Plin. 22, 18, 21, § 46; Scrib. Comp. 122:

ad talem formam non facit iste locus,

Ov. H. 16, 190; cf. id. ib. 6, 128; id. Am. 1, 2, 16 al.:

radix coronopi coeliacis praeclare facit,

Plin. 22, 19, 22, § 48; so with dat., Plin. Val. 2, 1; Prop. 3 (4), 1, 20:

facit autem commode ea compositio, quam, etc.,

Col. 7, 5, 7; 8, 17, 13:

nec caelum, nec aquae faciunt, nec terra, nec aurae,

do not benefit me, Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 23:

mire facit in peroratione confessio,

Quint. 11, 3, 173; 171; cf. with a subject-clause: plurimum facit, totas diligenter [p. 718] nosse causas, id. 6, 4, 8: ad aliquid or alicui signifies also to suit, fit:

non faciet capiti dura corona meo,

Prop. 3, 1, 19; cf. Ov. H. 16, 189.—

Like the Gr. poiein or dran, and the Engl. to do, instead of another verb (also for esse and pati):

factum cupio (sc. id esse),

Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 24:

factum volo,

id. Bacch. 3, 3, 91; id. Most. 3, 2, 104:

an Scythes Anacharsis potuit pro nihilo pecuniam ducere, nostrates philosophi facere non potuerunt?

Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 90:

nihil his in locis nisi saxa et montes cogitabam: idque ut facerem, orationibus inducebar tuis,

id. Leg. 2, 1, 2; cf.:

Demosthenem, si illa pronuntiare voluisset, ornate splendideque facere potuisse,

id. Off. 1, 1 fin.; and:

cur Cassandra furens futura prospiciat, Priamus sapiens hoc idem facere nequeat?

id. Div. 1, 39, 85; so id. Ac. 2, 33, 107; id. Att. 1, 16, 13; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 2; Nep. Chabr. 3, 4; 4, 3 al.:

vadem te ad mortem tyranno dabis pro amico, ut Pythagoreus ille Siculo fecit tyranno (here also with the case of the preceding verb),

Cic. Fin. 2, 24 fin. (v. Madv. ad h. l. p. 278):

jubeas (eum) miserum esse, libenter quatenus id facit (i. e. miser est),

what he is doing, Hor. S. 1, 1, 64:

in hominibus solum existunt: nam bestiae simile quiddam faciunt (i. q. patiuntur or habent),

Cic. Tusc. 4, 14; so,

ne facias quod Ummidius quidam (= ne idem experiaris, ne idem tibi eveniat),

Hor. S. 1, 1, 94. —

Facere omitted, especially in short sentences expressing a judgment upon conduct, etc.:

at stulte, qui non modo non censuerit, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 27, 101.—Hence,

factus, a, um, P. a.

As adjective ante-class. and very rare:

factius nihilo facit, sc. id, i. e. nihilo magis effectum reddit,

is no nearer bringing it about, Plaut. Trin. 2, 3, 6; cf. Lorenz ad loc.—Far more freq.,

In the neutr. as subst.: factum, i ( gen. plur. factum, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 Trag. 81), that which is done, a deed, act, exploit, achievement (syn.: res gestae, facinus).

In gen.:

depingere,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 5, 38:

facere factum,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 5; id. Mil. 3, 1, 139:

dicta et facta,

Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 19; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 12:

opus facto est,

id. Phorm. 4, 5, 4:

ecquod hujus factum aut commissum non dicam audacius, sed, etc.,

Cic. Sull. 26, 72: meum factum probari abs te triumpho gaudio, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, A. 1;

14, 9, 2: quod umquam eorum in re publica forte factum exstitit?

id. ib. 8, 14, 2:

praeclarum atque divinum,

id. Phil. 2, 44, 114:

egregium,

id. Fam. 10, 16, 2; id. Cael. 10, 23:

factum per se improbabile,

Quint. 7, 4, 7; 6, 1, 22:

illustre,

Nep. Arist. 2, 2; cf.:

illustria et gloriosa,

Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37:

forte,

id. Att. 8, 14, 2:

dira,

Ov. M. 6, 533:

nefanda,

id. H. 14, 16 al.; but also with the adv.:

recte ac turpiter factum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 5; cf.:

multa huius (Timothei) sunt praeclare facta sed haec maxime illustria,

Nep. Timoth. 1, 2;

v. Zumpt, Gram. § 722, 2: dimidium facti, qui coepit, habet,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 40:

quo facto aut dicto adest opus,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 15 et saep.:

famam extendere factis,

Verg. A. 10, 468: non hominum video. non ego facta boum, doings, i. e. works, Ov. H. 10, 60.—

In partic., bonum factum, like the Gr. agathê tuchê, a good deed, i. e. well done, fortunate (ante-class. and post-Aug.):

bonum factum'st, edicta ut servetis mea,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 16; cf. id. ib. 44; cf.:

hoc factum est optimum, ut, etc.,

id. Ps. 1, 2, 52:

majorum bona facta,

Tac. A. 3, 40; cf. id. ib. 3, 65. —At the commencement of edicts, Suet. Caesar, 80; id. Vit. 14; Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 49, 17; Tert. Pudic. 1.—(But in the class. per. factum in this sense is a participle, and is construed with an adv.:

bene facta,

Sall. C. 8, 5; id. J. 85, 5; Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 64:

recte, male facta,

id. Off. 2, 18, 62:

male facto exigua laus proponitur,

id. Leg. Agr. 2, 2, 5; id. Brut. 43, 322; Quint. 3, 7, 13; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 460).—

facteon, a word jestingly formed by Cicero, after the analogy of the Greek, for faciendum: quare, ut opinor, philosophêteon, id quod tu facis, et istos consulatus non flocci facteon, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 13 Orell. N. cr. (for facteon, Ernesti has eateon).

interprĕtor, ātus (in tmesi:

inter quaecumque pretantur,

Lucr. 4, 832), 1, v. dep. [interpres], to explain, expound, interpret, give expression to, translate; to understand, conclude, infer, appreciate, recognize, comprehend.

In gen. (class.):

tuae memoriae interpretari me aequom censes,

Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 29:

nec quidquam aliud est philosophia, si interpretari velis, quam studium sapientiae,

Cic. Off. 2, 2, 5:

jus,

id. Leg. 1, 4, 14:

monstra aut fulgura,

id. Div. 1, 6, 12:

somnia,

id. ib. 1, 23, 46:

sapienter,

id. Dom. 1, 1:

cetera de genere hoc,

Lucr. 4, 832:

aliquid mitiorem in partem,

id. Mur. 31, 64: felicitatem alicujus grato animo, id. Brut. 1:

male bene dicta,

id. N. D. 3, 31, 77:

grate beneficia,

Plin. Ep. 2, 13:

male beneficium fortunae,

Sen. Ep. 63:

voluntatem alicujus,

Cic. Inv. 2, 47, 139:

sententiam alicujus,

id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37:

epistolam alicujus,

id. Att. 15, 28:

qui scriptum recitet et scriptoris voluntatem non interpretetur,

Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14:

medio responso spem ad voluntatem interpretantibus fecerat,

Liv. 39, 39:

obscure dicta,

Quint. 3, 4, 3:

aenigmata,

id. 8, 6, 53:

leges,

id. 3, 6, 87:

versus,

id. 1, 9, 2: allêgoria, quam inversionem interpretamur, translate, id. 8, 6, 44; 2, 15, 25; Suet. Gramm. 1:

ut plerique... viso aspectoque Agricola quaererent famam, pauci interpretarentur,

few understood him, Tac. Agr. 40:

jussa ducum interpretari quam exsequi malle,

id. H. 2, 39.—With inf.:

reditu enim in castra, liberatum se esse jurejurando, interpretabatur,

Cic. Off. 3, 32, 113:

pomoerium verbi vim solam intuentes postmoerium interpretantur esse,

Liv. 1, 44, 4:

victoriam ut suam,

claimed as his own, Vell. 2, 80, 2:

nolite consilium ex necessitate, nec voluntatem ex vi interpretari,

Cic. Rab. Post. 11, 29:

virtutem ex consuetudine vitae,

id. Lael. 6, 21: Chaldaeos interpretatos imperium Persarum ad eos transiturum, interpret signs, etc., i. e. predict, foretell, Curt. 3, 3, 6; Suet. Aug. 44; id. Galb. 8.—

Esp.

To decide, determine:

neque, recte, an perperam, interpretor,

Liv. 1, 23, 8.—

Memoriae alicujus, to assist one ' s memory, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 25.—

To translate:

recte sententiam (v. the context),

Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20.—

Diabolo, to ascribe to the devil, Tert. Verg. Vel. 15.

sense:

scripturae, quae male de Hebraicis interpretata sunt,

Lact. 4, 7, 7:

ex quo ita illud somnium esse interpretatum, ut, etc.,

Cic. Div. 1, 25, 53:

flumen Naarmalcha, quod amnis regum interpretatur,

Amm. 24, 6.— interprĕtātus, a, um, P. a., explained, translated (class.):

nomen,

Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 29:

haec ex Graeco carmine interpretata recitavit,

Liv. 23, 11, 4; 45, 29, 3.

jūdĭcĭum, ii, n. [judex], a judgment, i. e. a judicial investigation, trial; a judicial sentence (class.).

Lit.:

omnia judicia aut distrahendarum controversiarum aut puniendorum maleficiorum causā reperta sunt,

Cic. Caecin. 2:

dignitatis meae,

concerning, id. Brut. 1, 1:

praetor judicium prius de probro, quam de re fieri maluit,

id. Quint. 2:

de alicujus meritis judicia facere,

id. Or. 41, 140:

de mea fide,

id. Fam. 11, 29, 2:

de se,

Caes. B. G. 1, 41, 2:

inter sicarios,

for assassination, Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 11:

adducere causam aliquam in judicium,

id. Opt. Gen. Or. 7, 18:

judicio aliquid defendere,

id. Quint. 20, 62:

agere,

to settle a dispute, Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120: ferre, to give his vote; of a judge (different from sententiam ferre, to pass sentence), Cic. Tog. Cand. p. 525 Orell.:

exercere,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 16, 3:

vocare aliquem in judicium,

to summon before court, id. Balb. 28, 64:

judicio quempiam arcessere,

to sue, id. Fl. 6, 14:

sistere in judicium,

to set before the court, Dig. 2, 5, 4: dare, to allow, grant a trial, of the prætor who proposes the judges:

in Lurconis libertum judicium ex edicto dedit,

Cic. Fl. 35, 88:

judicium accipere, suscipere,

to undertake a legal trial, id. Quint. 20, 62; Dig. 5, 3, 7:

pati,

to submit to, Cic. Quint. 20, 63:

damnatus inani judicio Marius,

Juv. 1, 48. —

Transf.

A court of justice:

at ille in judicium venit,

Nep. Ep. 8:

judicium clauserat militibus armatis,

Quint. 4, 2, 25. —

Beyond the legal sphere, a judgment, decision, opinion with regard to any thing:

meum semper judicium fuit, omnia nostros invenisse per se sapientius quam, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 1:

decima legio per tribunos militum ei gratias egit, quod de se optimum judicium fecisset,

Caes. B. G. 1, 41:

judicium facere, quanti quisque sibi faciendus esset,

to judge, decide, Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 1:

meo judicio,

in my judgment, according to my opinion, id. Brut. 8, 32; Quint. 9, 3, 59:

ex alicujus judicio,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 37, 108: de quo homine vos tanta et tam praeclara judicia fecistis, i. e. by conferring honors on him, id. de Imp. Pomp. 15, 43.—

The power of judging, judgment, discernment:

studio optimo, judicio minus firmo praeditus,

Cic. Or. 7, 24; id. Fam. 9, 6, 4:

intellegens,

id. Opt. Gen. Or. 4, 11:

subtile,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 242:

si quid mei judicii est,

if I can judge of it, Cic. Fin. 2, 12, 36:

videor id judicio facere,

i. e. with discretion, good judgment, id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5, § 18; so Caes. B. G. 5, 27; Cic. Div. 2, 13, 30 dub.:

adhibere,

Tac. H. 1, 83:

acri judicio perpendere aliquid,

Lucr. 2, 1042.—

Judicial harangues, speeches in court:

illa mala judicia,

Quint. 10, 1, 70.

jūdĭco, āvi, ātum, 1 (judicassit for judicaverit, Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6), v. a. [judex], to examine judicially, to judge, be a judge, pass judgment, decide (syn.: judicium facio, reddo; class.).

Lit.:

si recte et ordine judicaris,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 48, 138:

cum magistratus judicassit,

id. Leg. 3, 3, 6:

ordo alius ad res judicandas postulatur,

id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:

aliquid contra aliquem,

id. Fl. 4, 11:

judicare, deberi viro dotem,

id. Caecin. 25 fin.:

homo in rebus judicandis spectatus et cognitus,

id. Verr. 1, 10, 29:

judicantem vidimus Aeacum,

Hor. C. 2, 13, 22:

ad judicandum evocari,

Suet. Galb. 14:

ne aut spoliaret fama probatum virum, si contra judicavisset,

Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77:

de bene meritis civibus potestas judicandi,

id. Mil. 2, 4:

res,

id. Phil. 1, 8, 20; id. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 76:

ex aequo et bono,

id. Caecin. 23, 63:

mihi tris hodie litis judicandas dicito,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 10.—With kindred acc.: inclytum judicium, Poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 50, 114. —Esp.,

To condemn = damnare;

quo jam diu sum judicatus,

Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 20:

judicati atque addicti,

Liv. 6, 34, 2; 6, 14, 10:

judicatum pecuniae,

id. 6, 14, 3:

quoad vel capitis vel pecuniae judicasset privato,

id. 26, 3, 8:

quique judicati pecuniae in vinculis essent,

id. 23, 14, 3:

judicare aliquem pecuniae,

to fine, Gell. 20, 1, 47:

alicui perduellionem judicare,

Liv. 1, 26.—

Transf. beyond the legal sphere.

To judge, judge of a thing:

aliquid oculorum fallacissimo sensu,

Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91:

quod egomet multis argumentis jam antea judicāram,

id. Fam. 3, 4, 1:

sic statuo et judico, neminem, etc.,

id. de Or. 2, 28, 22.—

To declare, proclaim a person to be any thing:

judicetur non verbo sed re, non modo non consul, sed etiam, hostis Antonius,

Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14:

Deiotarum unum fidelem populo Romano,

id. ib. 11, 13, 34:

cujus rei exemplum pulcherrimum judicarem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 77.—

To determine, resolve, conclude:

de itinere ipsos brevi tempore judicaturos,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—

To adjudge, make over to a person:

nam ego ad Menaechmum nunc eo, cui jam diu Sum judicatus (al. quo),

Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 20:

judicata pecunia,

Val. Max. 4, 1, 8.—Hence, jūdĭ-cātus, a, um, P. a., decided, determined:

mihi judicatum est deponere illam personam,

I am determined, Cic. Fam. 7, 33, 2:

res judicata,

a decided matter taken as a precedent for other cases, id. Top. 5, 28; Quint. 5, 2, 1:

infirmatio rerum judicatarum,

Cic. Agr. 2, 3, 8.—Also, sentenced, condemned:

judicatum duci,

Cic. de Or. 2, 63. —Hence, subst.: jūdĭcātum, i, n., a matter judged or decided; a decision, judgment, precedent, authority:

judicatum est id, de quo sententia lata est, aut decretum interpositum,

Auct. Her. 2, 13, 19:

judicatum est, de quo ante jam sententia alicujus... constitutum est,

Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 68; id. Flac. 20, 48:

quamvis postea judicatum fiat, tamen actio data non intercidit,

Dig. 27, 3, 21.—

An award, a fine:

solvere,

Cic. Quint. 13, 44; 7, 29.— Adv.: jūdĭcātō, deliberately (post-class.), Gell. 14, 1.

lĭquĕo, līqui or licui, 2, v. n. [Sanscr. rik-, riktas, empty; Zend, ric-, to pour out; Gr. lip- in leipô; cf. linquo], to be fluid or liquid.

Lit. (only in the part. pres.):

lac est omnium rerum liquentium maxime alibile,

Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 1:

vina liquentia fundere,

Verg. A. 5, 238:

caelum ac terras camposque liquentes,

id. ib. 6, 724:

fluvium liquentem,

id. G. 4, 442.—

Transf., to be clear: polus liquet, Prud. steph. 1, 88. —

Trop., to be clear, manifest, apparent, evident (class., but used for the most part only in the third pers. sing.):

quicquid incerti mihi in animo prius aut ambiguum fuit, Nunc liquet, nunc defaecatum est,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 69:

ut liqueant omnia,

id. Most. 2, 1, 69:

hoc non liquet nec satis cogitatum est, utrum, etc.,

id. Trin. 2, 1, 3:

Protagoras sese negat omnino de deis habere, quod liqueat,

Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29; cf.:

cui (Protagorae) neutrum licuerit, nec esse deos nec non esse,

id. ib. 1, 42, 117:

te liquet esse meum,

Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 62:

si liquerit eum vivere,

Dig. 29, 3, 2.—In part. pres.:

fidei purae liquentisque (opp. turbidae, ambiguae),

Gell. 18, 5, 11.—

In partic.: non liquet, it doth not appear, a legal formula by which the judge declared that he was unable to decide respecting the guilt or innocence of the accused.—Hence also, in gen., it is not evident, it is doubtful:

non liquere dixerunt (judices),

Cic. Clu. 28, 76:

cum id de quo Panaetio non liquet, reliquis ejusdem disciplinae solis luce videatur clarius,

id. Div. 1, 3, 6:

juravi, mihi non liquere,

Gell. 14, 2, 25:

non liquet mihi,

Quint. 9, 3, 97.—So, on the contrary, liquet:

cum causam non audisset, dixit sibi liquere,

Cic. Caecin. 10, 29:

quid maxime liquere judici velit,

Quint. 3, 6, 12:

de quo liquet,

id. 3, 6, 35:

si liquebit mundum providentia regi,

id. 5, 10, 14:

mirabatur, id. cuiquam pro percepto liquere, stellas istas non esse plures, etc.,

Gell. 14, 1, 11.

pendo, pĕpendi, pensum, 3 (pendissent, for pependissent, Liv. 45, 26 fin.:

penderit for pependerit,

Paul. Nol. Carm. 14, 122), v. a. and n. [etym. dub.; cf. root sphad-, sphendonê, a sling; Lat. funda].— Lit., to cause to hang down, to suspend; esp. of scales in weighing.

Act., to weigh, weigh out.

Lit. (very rare: syn. penso, expendo): unumquodque verbum staterā aurariā pendere, Varr. ap. Non. 455, 21: da pensam lanam, Titin. ap. Non. 369, 21; Plin. 19, 3, 15, § 39, read repensum: aere gravi cum uterentur Romani, penso eo, non numerato debitum solvebant, Fest. s. v. pendere, p. 208 Müll.:

pensas examinat herbas,

Ov. M. 14, 270.—

Transf., to pay, pay out (because, in the earliest times, payments were made by weighing out the metals; v. in the preced. the passage from Fest.;

class.): militis stipendia ideo, quod eam stipem pendebant,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 182 Müll.:

Achaei ingentem pecuniam pendunt L. Pisoni quotannis,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 3, 5; id. Att. 12, 25, 1:

vectigal populo Romano,

Caes. B. G. 5, 23:

vectigal,

Liv. 25, 8:

tributum pro navibus,

Tac. A. 13, 51:

pretium,

id. ib. 2, 87:

coria boum in usus militares,

id. ib. 4, 72:

mercedem alicui,

Juv. 3, 15.— Absol.:

pro pabulo pendunt,

pay, Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 65.— Impers. pass.:

iterumque imperii nostri publicanis penditur,

Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 65.—As punishments consisted of fines in money or cattle: pendere poenas, supplicia, etc., signified to pay, suffer, undergo a penalty:

pendere poenas solvere significat,

Fest. p. 268 Müll.:

Syrus mihi tergo poenas pendet,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:

maximas poenas pendo temeritatis meae,

Cic. Att. 11, 8, 1:

satis pro temeritate unius hominis suppliciorum pensum esse,

Liv. 34, 61:

capitis poenas,

Ov. F. 3, 845:

poenas violatae religionis sanguine et caedibus,

Just. 8, 2, 4:

magna supplicia perfidiae,

id. 11, 4, 2:

crimen, culpam,

Val. Fl. 4, 477.—Rarely in this signif. absol., to suffer any thing ( poet.):

tuis nam pendit in arvis Delius,

Val. Fl. 1, 445.—

Trop.

To weigh mentally, to ponder, consider, deliberate upon, decide (class.;

syn.: pensito, trutinor): vos eam (rem) suo, non nominis pondere penditote,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1:

in philosophiā res spectatur, non verba penduntur,

id. Or. 16, 51:

causam ex veritate,

id. Quint. 1, 5:

rem levi conjecturā,

id. Rosc. Am. 22, 62.—

To value, esteem, regard a thing; with gen. of the value (mostly ante-class. and poet.):

neque cum me magni pendere visum'st,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 12:

aliquem,

Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 25:

quem tu vidisse beatus Non magni pendis,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 93:

nec jam religio divum neque numina magni Pendebantur,

Lucr. 6, 1277:

unice unum plurimi pendit,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 29:

te volturium vocant: Hostisne an civis comedis, parvi pendere,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 64 sq.:

nequam hominis ego parvi pendo gratiam,

lightly esteem, id. Bacch. 3, 6, 29; so,

parvi,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 46; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 37; id. Hec. 3, 5, 63:

minoris pendo tergum illorum, quam meum,

care less for, Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 29:

aliquem minoris,

id. ib. 1, 3, 58:

aliquem nihili,

id. ib. 1, 3, 88:

nihili,

id. Men. 5, 7, 4; id. Trin. 3, 1, 6; Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 6; cf.:

non flocci pendere,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 21:

sese experturum, quanti sese penderem,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 44:

tu illum numquam ostendisti quanti penderes,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 103.—

(Acc. to A. 2.) To pay, render ( poet.):

dignas pendere grates,

Stat. Th. 11, 223.—

Neutr., to weigh ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

tantundem pendere par est,

Lucr. 1, 361:

talentum ne minus pondo octoginta Romanis ponderibus pendat,

Liv. 38, 38, 13; Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 44; id. 30, 48 fin., § 93; id. 18, 7, 12, § 66; id. 31, 6, 31, § 58 (in Sen. Ep. 66, 30, read pendent).—Hence, pensus, a, um, P. a., lit. weighed; hence, trop., esteemed, valued, prized, dear (as P. a. not in Cic. or Cæs.):

utra condicio pensior, Virginemne an viduam habere?

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 61: ut nihil quicquam esset carius pensiusque nobis quam nosmetipsi, Taurus ap. Gell. 12, 5, 7.—Esp., as subst.: pensum, i, n., something weighed.

Weight, consideration, scruple, importance, only in gen. sing.: nihil pensi habere aliquid, to lay no weight or stress upon a thing, to attach no value to, be indifferent to, care nothing about:

sua parvi pendere, aliena cupere,... nihil pensi neque moderati habere,

Sall. C. 12, 2:

nihil pensi neque sancti habere,

id. J. 41, 9:

neque id quibus modis assequeretur, quicquam pensi habebat,

id. C. 5, 6:

prorsus neque dicere, neque facere quicquam pensi habebat,

id. ib. 23, 2:

nihil pensi habuit, quin, etc.,

Suet. Dom. 12; id. Ner. 34:

ut neque fas neque fidem pensi haberet,

Tac. A. 13, 15: aliquid ratum pensumque habere, Att. Capitol. ap. Gell. 13, 12, 2. —So, non pensi ducere (very rare), Val. Max. 2, 9, 3.—Also, non adest or est alicui pensi: nec mihi adest tantillum pensi jam, quos capiam calceos, I don't care in the least, am perfectly indifferent, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 52:

sed illis nec quid dicerent, nec quid facerent, quicquam umquam pensi fuisse,

they never cared at all, Liv. 34, 49:

quibus si quicquam pensi umquam fuisset, non ea consilia de republicā habuissent,

if they had ever had regard for any considerations, Sall. C. 52, 34. —

Prop., the wool weighed out to a slave to spin in a day; hence, a day's work in spinning, and, in gen., spinning, a spinner's task.

Lit. (mostly ante-class. and poet.):

pensum facere,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 63; id. Men. 5, 2, 45:

nocturna carpentes pensa puellae,

Verg. G. 1, 391:

carmine quo captae dum fusis mollia pensa Devolvunt, etc.,

id. ib. 4, 348:

famulasque ad lumina longo Exercet penso,

id. A. 8, 412; Prop. 3, 15, (4, 14), 15:

castrensia,

i. e. for military garments, id. 4 (5), 3, 33:

pensa manu ducunt,

Juv. 12, 65:

lanificam revocas ad sua pensa manum,

Ov. Am. 1, 13, 24; id. H. 3, 75; Just. 1, 3, 2.— Poet., a thread spun by the Fates:

durae peragunt pensa sorores,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 181:

jamque in fine dies et inexorabile pensum Deficit,

Stat. S. 3, 3, 172: mortale resolvere, to unbind his mortal thread, i. e. to make him immortal, Calp. Ecl. 4, 137.—

Trop., a charge, duty, office (so in Cic.; cf.:

ministerium, munus, officium): pensum meum lepide accurabo,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 33; cf.:

meum confeci,

id. Pers. 2, 4, 1:

absolvere,

to perform one's duty, Varr. R. R. 2, 2:

me ad meum munus pensumque revocabo,

Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 119; id. Verr. 2, 3, 46, § 109:

nominis familiaeque,

Liv. 4, 52:

operis sui peragere,

Col. 3, 10, 7.—Hence, adv.: pensē, carefully, considerately (post-class.): pensius, Flav. ap. Symm. Ep. 2, 34.

prae-jūdĭco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to judge, pass sentence, or decide beforehand, to prejudge (class.).

Lit., in the judicial sphere:

praejudicare de aliquo majore maleficio,

Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 60; id. Verr. 2, 3, 65, § 153.—

Transf., apart from judicial lang.: de iis censores praejudicent, let the censors give their preliminary judgment (before the case is brought before the judges), Cic. Leg. 3, 20, 47.—

To be injurious, prejudicial; with dat. (post-class.):

res inter alios judicatae aliis non praejudicant,

Dig. 42, 1, 63; 47, 10, 7:

ingenuitati,

Paul. Sent. 5, 3, 3; Ambros. in Luc. 3, 41.—Hence, praejūdĭcātus, a, um, P. a., decided beforehand, prejudged:

praejudicatum eventum belli habetis,

Liv. 42, 61:

res,

Cic. Clu. 17, 49:

nihil,

id. ib. 44, 124:

opinio,

a preconceived notion, prejudice, id. N. D. 1, 5, 10.— Sup.:

vir praejudicatissimus,

i.e. whose talents are already clearly ascertained, Sid. post Carm. 22.—

Subst.: praejūdĭ-cātum, i, n.

Something decided beforehand, Liv. 26, 2.—

A previous opinion, prepossession, = praejudicium postulo, ut ne quid huc praejudicati afferatis, Cic. Clu. 2, 6.

praetor, ōris, m. [for praeitor, from praeeo].

Prop., a leader, head, chief, president:

regio imperio duo sunto: iique praeeundo, judicando, consulendo, praetores, judices, consules appellantor,

Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 8.—So, in gen., of the chief magistrates in colonies, as in Capua:

cum in ceteris coloniis duoviri appellentur, hi se praetores appellari volebant,

Cic. Agr. 2, 34, 93; cf. the context.—Of the Roman consul as chief judge, Liv. 3, 55.—Of the dictator:

praetor maximus,

Liv. 7, 3: aerarii, president of the treasury, an office created by Augustus, Tac. A. 1, 75; id. H. 4, 9.—Of the suffetes in Carthage, Nep. Hann. 7, 4.—Of generals, commanders of foreign nations, Cic. Div. 1, 54, 123; id. Inv. 1, 33, 55; Nep. Milt. 4, 4 et saep.—

In partic., a prœtor, a Roman magistrate charged with the administration of justice; the office was first made distinct from the consulship A. U. C. 387. After the first Punic war, A. U. C. 490, there were two, praetor urbanus for Roman citizens, and praetor peregrinus for strangers, Cic. Lael. 25, 96; id. Mur. 20, 41: praetor primus centuriis cunctis renunciatus, i. e. appointed first, id. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2; id. Pis. 1, 2; Gai. lnst. 1, 6;

1, 78. The praetor had a tribunal where he sat on the sella curulis, with the judges on subsellia beside him. But he used to decide less important controversies wherever the parties found him: e plano,

Suet. Tib. 33:

in aequo quidem et plano loco,

Cic. Caecin. 17, 50:

Quid vis in jus me ire? tu's praetor mihi,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 66.—

Transf.

For propraetor, a proprœtor, an officer who, after the administration of the prœtorship, was sent as governor to a province, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 27; 2, 4, 25, § 56 al.—

For proconsul, q. v., Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6; id. Verr. 2, 3, 54, § 125.

sĕco, cŭi, ctum ( part. fut. secaturus, Col. 5, 9, 2), 1, v. a. [root sak-, to cut; whence securis, sĕcula, serra (secra), segmen, sexus, saxum, etc.; cf. sīca, and Gr. keiô, keazô, schizô], to cut, cut off, cut up (class.; syn.: caedo, scindo).

Lit.

In gen.:

leges duodecim tabularum, si plures forent, quibus rens esset judicatus, secare, si vellent, atque partiri corpus addicti sibi hominis permiserunt,

Gell. 20, 1, 48 sq.; cf.:

et judicatos in partes secari a creditoribus leges erant,

Tert. Apol. 4:

cape cultrum, seca Digitum vel aurem,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 38 sq.:

omne animal secari ac dividi potest, nullum est eorum individuum,

Cic. N. D. 3, 12, 29: pabulum secari non posse, be cut, mown, * Caes. B. G. 7, 14; so,

sectae herbae,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 67:

gallinam,

to cut to pieces, Juv. 5, 124:

placenta,

Mart. 3, 77, 3:

alicui collum gladio suā dexterā,

Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 3, 10:

palatum,

to divide, Cels. 8, 1:

tergora in frusta,

Verg. A. 1, 212: dona auro gravia sectoque elephanto, i. e. of carved, wrought ivory (an imitation of the Homeric pristos elephas, Od. 18, 196), Verg. A. 3, 464:

marmora,

Hor. C. 2, 18, 17: sectis nitebat marmoribus, Luc. 10, 114; so absol.:

nec ideo ferrum secandi vim non perdidit,

Sen. Ben. 5, 5, 1:

prave sectus unguis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 104:

secti lapides,

Vulg. Exod. 20, 25. —

In partic.

Med. t. t., to cut surgically; to operate on; to cut off or out, amputate, excise, etc.:

in corpore si quid ejusmodi est, quod reliquo corpori noceat, id uri secarique patimur,

Cic. Phil. 8, 5, 15; cf.:

saevitia secandi,

Plin. 29, 1, 6, § 13; so,

membra,

id. 26, 11, 69, § 112:

vomicam,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 13:

varices Mario,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 15, 35 (for which, exciditur, Cels. 7, 31); cf. of the same: C. Marius cum secaretur, ut supra dixi, principio vetuit se alligari;

nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,

was cut, operated upon, Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:

servum,

Just. Inst. 4, 3, 6.—

To cut, castrate (very rare):

puer avari sectus arte mangonis,

Mart. 9, 7, 4; so,

sectus Gallus (corresp. to eviratus),

id. 5, 41, 3.—

Transf. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

To scratch, tear, wound, hurt, injure (cf. caedo, II.):

ambo (postes) ab infimo tarmes secat,

the worms are gnawing them, they are wormeaten, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 140:

luctantis acuto ne secer ungui,

lest I should be torn, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 47; cf.:

rigido sectas invenit ungue genas,

Ov. F. 6, 148:

teneras plantas tibi (glacies),

Verg. E. 10, 49:

corpora vepres,

id. G. 3, 444:

crura (sentes),

Ov. M. 1, 509:

pete ferro Corpus et intorto verbere terga seca,

cut, lacerate, Tib. 1, 9, 22; so,

sectus flagellis,

Hor. Epod. 4, 11:

loris,

Mart. 10, 5, 14 al.:

si quem podagra secat,

gnaws, torments, Cat. 71, 2;

imitated by Martial: podagra cheragraque secatur Gaius,

Mart. 9, 92, 9.—

Like the Gr. temnein, and our to cut, i. e.,

To divide, cleave, separate ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

quos (populos) secans interluit Allia,

Verg. A. 7, 717:

medios Aethiopas (Nilus),

Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 53:

medios agros (Tiberis),

Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 12:

medium agmen (Turnus),

Verg. A. 10, 440:

agrum (limes),

Plin. 18, 34, 77, § 331:

caelum (zonae),

Ov. M. 1, 46:

sectus orbis,

Hor. C. 3, 27, 75; cf.:

in longas orbem qui secuere vias,

Ov. Am. 2, 16, 16.—

With the idea of motion, to cut through, i. e. to run, sail, fly, swim, go, etc., through:

delphinum similes, qui per maria umida nando Carpathium Libycumque secant,

cut through, cleave, Verg. A.5, 595:

aequor,

id. ib. 5, 218:

pontum,

id. ib. 9, 103:

aequor Puppe,

Ov. M. 11, 479:

fretum puppe,

id. ib. 7, 1; cf.:

vada nota (amnis),

id. ib. 1, 370:

ales avis... geminis secat aëra pennis,

Cic. Arat. 48:

aethera pennis (avis),

Verg. G. 1, 406; 1, 409:

auras (cornus),

id. A. 12, 268:

ventos (Cyllenia proles),

ib. ib. 4, 257:

sub nubibus arcum (Iris),

id. ib. 9, 15 et saep.— Secare viam (vias), the Gr. temnein hodon, to take one's way, to travel a road:

ille viam secat ad naves,

Verg. A. 6, 899:

hinc velut diversae secari coeperunt viae,

Quint. 3, 1, 14.—

Trop. (acc. to I. C. 1. and 2.).

To cut up, lash in speaking, i.e. to censure, satirize:

secuit Lucilius Urbem,

Pers. 1, 114.—

To divide (not freq. till after the Aug. per.):

cum causas in plura genera secuerunt,

Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 117:

haec in plures partes,

Quint. 8, 6, 13; cf.:

scrupulose in partes sectā divisionis diligentiā,

id. 4, 5, 6:

quae natura singularia sunt secant (corresp. to divido),

id. 4, 5, 25:

sectae ad tenuitatem suam vires (just before: distinguendo. dividendo),

id. 12, 2, 13.—Hence, in Hor., like dirimo (II.), of disputes, to cut off, i.e. to decide them:

quo multae magnaeque secantur judice lites,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 42: magnas res, to cure (as it were, by a light operation), id. S. 1, 10, 15.—And once in Verg.: secare spem (the figure borrowed from the phrases secare mare, auras, viam): quae cuique est fortuna hodie, quam quisque secat spem, whatever hope each follows, i. e. indulges in, entertains, Verg. A. 10, 107 (secat, sequitur, tenet, habet;

ut: Ille viam secat ad naves,

id. ib. 6, 899: unde et sectas dicimus, habitus animorum et instituta philosophiae circa disciplinam, Serv.).

sentĭo, si, sum, 4 ( perf. sync. sensti, Ter. And. 5, 3, 11), v. a.

Physically.

In gen., to discern by the senses; to feel, hear, see, etc.; to perceive, be sensible of (syn. percipio).

With acc.:

calorem et frigus,

Lucr. 1, 496; cf.:

duritiem saxi,

id. 4, 268; 3, 381 sq.: feram nare sagaci (venaticā), Enn. ap. Fest. p. 177 Müll. (Ann. v. 346 Vahl.):

varios rerum odores,

Lucr. 1, 298:

sucum in ore,

id. 4, 617 sq.:

suavitatem cibi,

Cic. Phil. 2, 45, 115:

varios rerum colores,

Lucr. 4, 492:

sonitum,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 69:

nil aegri,

Lucr. 3, 832:

utrumque (calorem et frigus) manu,

id. 1, 496:

famem,

Liv. 25, 13:

morbos articularios,

Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 39.—In mal. part.:

sensit delphina Melantho,

Ov. M. 6, 120.— Pass.:

posse prius ad angustias veniri, quam sentirentur,

before they should be observed, Caes. B. C. 1, 67.—

With inf. or an, object-clause:

sei movero me seu secari sensero,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 40: sentio aperiri fores. id. Truc. 2, 3, 29:

nec quisquam moriens sentire videtur, Ire foras animam,

Lucr. 3, 607:

sentire sonare,

id. 4, 229 Munro.—

Absol.:

perpetuo quoniam sentimus,

Lucr. 4, 228; 6, 935; Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 77:

qui (homines) corruant, sed ita, ut ne vicini quidem sentiant,

Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 21.—

Of things:

pupula cum sentire colorem dicitur album,

Lucr. 2, 811 sq. — Absol.:

haud igitur aures per se possunt sentire,

Lucr. 3, 633:

si quis corpus sentire refutat,

id. 3, 350; 3, 354; cf. id. 3, 552; 3, 625.—

In partic.

To perceive the effects (esp. the ill effects) of any thing; to feel, experience, suffer, undergo, endure:

sentiet, qui vir siem,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 21:

jam curabo sentiat, Quos attentarit,

Phaedr. 5, 2, 6:

quid ipse ad Avaricum sensisset, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 52; cf. Liv. 45, 28, 6:

Centupirini etiam ceterarum civitatum damna ac detrimenta senserunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 45, § 108; id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 38; cf. id. Verr. 2, 1, 49, § 127:

tecum Philippos et celerem fugam Sensi,

Hor. C. 2, 7, 10:

(Apollinem) vindicem,

id. ib. 4, 6, 3:

caecos motus orientis austri,

id. ib. 3, 27, 22:

contracta aequora (pisces),

id. ib. 3, 1, 33:

prima arma nostra (Salyi),

Flor. 3, 2, 3:

sentire paulatim belli mala,

Tac. H. 1, 89:

famem,

Liv. 25, 13, 1; Curt. 9, 10, 11:

damnum,

Liv. 2, 64, 6:

cladem belli,

id. 35, 33, 6:

inopiam rerum omnium,

id. 43, 22, 10; 44. 7, 6:

incommoda belli,

id. 44, 14, 10:

lassitudo jam et sitis sentiebatur,

id. 44, 36, 2:

ubi primum dolorem aliquis sentit,

Cels. 6, 7 init.; cf. Lact. 7, 20, 7:

cujus ulceris dolorem sentire etiam spectantes videntur,

Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 59:

corporis aegri vitia sentire,

Curt. 8, 10, 29:

qui in urbe se commoverit... sentiet, in hac urbe esse consules vigilantes, esse egregios magistratus, etc.,

Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27; cf. id. Sest. 28, 69; Ov. M. 13, 864.— Absol.:

iste tuus ipse sentiet Posterius,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 59.—Of beasts, etc.:

oves penuriam sentiunt,

Col. 7, 9, 3 sq.:

frigus aut aestum,

id. 7, 4, 7:

praegelidam hiemem omnes pisces sentiunt,

Plin. 9, 16, 24, § 57.—

Of things, to be affected or influenced by:

meae istuc scapulae sentiunt,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 25; Liv. 9, 37:

transitum exercitus (ager),

id. 9, 41, 58:

pestilentem Africum (Fecunda vitis),

Hor. C. 3, 23, 5:

lacus et mare amorem Festinantis eri,

id. Ep. 1, 1, 84:

alnos fluvii cavatas,

Verg. G. 1, 136 al.; cf. Plin. Pan. 31, 5:

carbunculi cum ipsi non sentiant ignes,

Plin. 37, 7, 25, § 92:

eadem (gemma) sola nobilium limam sentit,

is affected by, id. 37, 8, 32, § 109:

cum amnis sentit aestatem, et ad minimum deductus est,

Sen. Ira, 3, 21, 1:

miramur quod accessionem fluminum maria non sentiant,

id. Q. N. 3, 4: illa primum saxa auctum fluminis sentiunt, id. ib. 4, 2, 7:

totum mare sentit exortum ejus sideris,

Plin. 9, 16, 25, § 58:

caseus vetustatem,

id. 11, 42, 97, § 242:

herba cariem,

id. 12, 7, 14, § 28:

ferrum robiginem,

id. 34, 14, 41, § 143. —

In the elder Pliny, to be susceptible of, to be subject or liable to a disease:

morbos,

Plin. 9, 49, 73, § 156:

rabiem,

id. 8, 18, 26, § 68:

cariem,

id. 12, 7, 14, § 28.—

Mentally.

Lit., to feel, perceive, observe, notice (syn. intellego).

With acc.:

id jam pridem sensi et subolet mihi,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 7; so,

quid,

id. Truc. 1, 1, 39:

quando Aesculapi ita sentio sententiam,

I observe, understand, id. Curc. 2, 1, 2:

primus sentio mala nostra,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 7:

numquam illum ne minimā quidem re offendi, quod quidem senserim,

that I have perceived, Cic. Lael. 27, 103:

ut cui bene quid processerit, multum illum providisse, cui secus, nihil sensisse dicamus,

id. Rab. Post. 1, 1:

praesentia numina sentit,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 134; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 162; id. C. S. 73 et saep.:

de victoriā atque exitu rerum sentire,

Caes. B. G. 7, 52:

omnia me illa sentire quae dicerem, nec tantum sentire, sed amare,

Sen. Ep. 75, 3:

illum sensisse quae scripsit,

id. ib. 100, 11.— Poet.:

ut vestram sentirent aequora curam,

Ov. M. 5, 557:

nec inania Tartara sentit,

i. e. does not die, id. ib. 12, 619.—

With inf. or an obj.-clause:

quoniam sentio errare (eum),

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 16:

hoc vir excellenti providentiā sensit ac vidit, non esse, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 3, 5:

suspicionem populi sensit moveri,

id. ib. 2, 31, 54:

quod quid cogitent, me scire sentiunt, etc.,

id. Cat. 2, 3, 5 sq.:

postquam nihil esse pericli Sensimus,

Hor. S. 2, 8, 58:

non nisi oppressae senserunt (civitates), etc.,

Just. 8, 1, 2.—

With rel.- or interrog.-clause:

scio ego et sentio ipse, quid agam,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 13:

jam dudum equidem sentio, suspicio Quae te sollicitet,

id. Bacch. 4, 8, 49:

quoniam sentio, Quae res gereretur,

id. ib. 2, 3, 56:

si quid est in me ingenii, quod sentio quam sit exiguum,

Cic. Arch. 1, 1:

ex quo fonte hauriam, sentio,

id. ib. 6, 13:

victrices catervae Sensere, quid mens rite, quid indoles... Posset,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 25.—With the indic., in a rel.clause:

sentio, quam rem agitis,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 14.—

With de:

hostes postea quam de profectione eorum senserunt,

became aware of their retreat, Caes. B. G. 5, 32; 7, 52.—

With nom. of part. ( poet.):

sensit terrae sola maculans,

Cat. 63, 6:

sensit medios delapsus in hostis,

Verg. A. 2, 377.—

Absol.:

vehementer mihi est irata: sentio atque intellego,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 64; cf. id. Trin. 3, 2, 72; id. Mil. 2, 6, 97:

mentes sapientium cum e corpore excessissent sentire ac vigere (opp. carere sensu),

Cic. Sest. 21, 47; cf. id. Rep. 6, 24, 26:

(Aristoteles) paeana probat eoque ait uti omnes, sed ipsos non sentire cum utantur,

id. Or. 57, 193; cf. Quint. 9, 4, 52:

priusquam hostes sentirent,

Liv. 34, 14; 2, 25; 22, 4.— Impers. pass.:

non ut dictum est, in eo genere intellegitur, sed ut sensum est,

Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 168.—

To feel, experience (with acc. of the feeling;

rare): quidquid est quod sensum habet, id necesse est sentiat et voluptatem et dolorem,

Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 36:

tenesne memoriā quantum senseris gaudium, cum, etc.,

Sen. Ep. 4, 2:

non sentire amisso amico dolorem,

id. ib. 99, 26;

121, 7: victoriae tantae gaudium sentire,

Liv. 44, 44, 3; cf.:

segnius homines bona quam mala sentire,

id. 30, 21, 6.—

Transf. (in consequence of mental perception), to think, deem, judge, opine, imagine, suppose (syn.:

opinor, arbitror): si ita sensit, ut loquitur, est homo impurus,

Cic. Rep. 3, 21, 32; cf.:

jocansne an ita sentiens,

id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:

fleri potest, ut recte quis sentiat, et id quod sentit, polite eloqui non possit,

id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6:

humiliter demisseque sentire,

id. ib. 5, 9, 24:

tecum aperte, quod sentio, loquar,

id. Rep. 1, 10, 15; cf.:

quod sentio scribere,

id. Fam. 15, 16, 3:

causa est haec sola, in quā omnes sentirent unum atque idem,

id. Cat. 4, 7, 14:

idemque et unum sentire,

Suet. Ner. 43:

sapiens de dis immortalibus sine ullo metu vera sentit,

Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 62.—With acc. and inf.:

idem, quod ego, sentit, te esse huic rei caput,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 29; cf.:

nos quidem hoc sentimus: si, etc.... non esse cunctandum,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5:

voluptatem hanc esse sentiunt omnes,

id. Fin. 2, [p. 1673] 3, 6 Madv. ad loc.:

sensit in omni disputatione id fieri oportere,

id. ib. 2, 2, 4; 5, 8, 23; id. Tusc. 5, 28, 82; id. Att. 7, 6, 2; id. Fam. 1, 7, 5:

sic decerno, sic sentio, sic affirmo, nullam rerum publicarum conferendam esse cum eā, quam, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 46, 70.—With two acc. (very rare):

aliquem bonum civem,

Cic. Off. 1, 34, 125 (cf. id. Fin. 2, 3, 0, supra, where Orell. omits esse).—With de and abl.:

cum de illo genere rei publicae quae sentio dixero,

Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65; so,

quid de re publicā,

id. ib. 1, 21, 34;

1, 38, 60: quid de quo,

id. ib. 1, 11:

quid gravius de vobis,

Caes. B. C. 2, 32, 4; Cic. Rep. 1, 13, 19; cf.:

qui omnia de re publicā praeclara atque egregia sentirent,

were full of the most noble and generous sentiments, id. Cat. 3, 2, 5:

mirabiliter de te et loquuntur et sentiunt,

id. Fam. 4, 13, 5:

male de illo,

Quint. 2, 2, 12: sentire cum aliquo, to agree with one in opinion:

tecum sentio,

Plaut. Most. 3, 3, 24; id. Ps. 4, 2, 3:

cum Caesare sentire,

Cic. Att. 7, 1, 3; id. Rosc. Am. 49, 142; cf.:

nae iste haud mecum sentit,

Ter. And. 2, 1, 24: ab aliquo sentire, to dissent from, disagree with:

abs te seorsum sentio,

judge otherwise, think differently, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 52: ut abs te seorsus sentiam De uxoriā re, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 195 P.: Gr. Omnia istaec facile patior, dum hic hinc a me sentiat. Tr. Atqui nunc abs te stat, is on my side, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 56 (cf. ab); cf.

also: qui aliunde stet semper, aliunde sentiat,

Liv. 24, 45, 3.—

In partic., publicists' and jurid. t. t., to give one's opinion concerning any thing; to vote, declare, decide (syn. censeo):

sedens iis assensi, qui mihi lenissime sentire visi sunt,

Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 9; 11, 21, 2; 3, 8, 9:

quae vult Hortensius omnia dicat et sentiat,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 76:

si judices pro causā meā senserint,

decided in my favor, Gell. 5, 10, 14; cf.: in illam partem ite quā sentitis, Vet. Form. ap. Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 20.—Hence, sensa, ōrum, n. (acc. to II. B.).

Thoughts, notions, ideas, conceptions (class. but very rare):

sententiam veteres, quod animo sensissent, vocaverunt... Non raro tamen et sic locuti sunt, ut sensa sua dicerent: nam sensus corporis videbantur, etc.,

Quint. 8, 5, 1:

exprimere dicendo sensa,

Cic. de Or 1, 8, 32:

sensa mentis et consilia verbis explicare,

id. ib. 3, 14, 55.—

Opinions, doctrines (late Lat.):

sensa et inventa Disarii,

Macr. S. 7, 5, 4.

sŭper-sĕdĕo, sēdi, sessum, 2, v. n. and a., to sit upon or above.

Lit. (very rare;

not in Cic. or Cæs.): eques Romanus elephanto supersedens,

Suet. Ner. 11:

tentorio (aquila),

id. Aug. 96:

corio (damnati),

Amm. 23, 6, 82:

utribus,

id. 25, 8, 2.—With acc.:

ansam (aspis),

App. M. 11, p. 262, 29. —

Trop.

To preside over:

vilicus litibus familiae supersedeat,

i. e. decide them, Cato, R. R. 5, 1.—

To be above or superior to, to forbear, to refrain or desist from, to pass, omit (the predom. and class. signif.); constr. usu. with abl., less freq. with dat., acc., or inf.

With abl.:

ita censeo facias, ut supersedeas hoc labore itineris, Cic Fam. 4, 2, 4: proelio,

Caes. B. G. 2, 8:

istis rebus,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 37:

istis verbis,

id. Poen. 1, 3, 5: nuptiis, Turp. ap. Non. 40, 8 (Com. Rel. v. 163 Rib.):

commode principio,

Auct. Her. 3, 9, 17 et saep.— Impers. pass.:

posse complexione supersederi,

Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 72:

supersederi litibus et jurgiis,

Liv. 38, 51, 8:

divinis rebus,

id. 6, 1, 12:

tributo ac delectu supersessum est,

id. 7, 27, 4:

quod cum acciderit, omnino oratione supersedendum est,

Cic. Inv. 1, 21, 30:

supersedendum multitudine verborum,

id. ib. 1, 20, 28:

complexione,

Auct. Her. 2, 19, 30.—

With dat.:

pugnae, Auct. B. Afr. 75, 2: maledicto,

App. Mag. p. 285, 19.—

With acc.:

operam,

Gell. 2, 29, 13.— Pass.:

haec causa non visa est supersedenda,

Auct. Her. 2, 17, 26:

istis omnibus supersessis,

App. Flor. p. 359, 9.—

With inf.: de virtute eorum accusanda proloqui supersederunt, Sisenn. ap. Non. 40, 11:

supersedissem loqui apud vos,

Liv. 21, 40, 1:

certare,

id. 4, 7, 8; 34, 59, 2: quae in vulgus edita ejus verbis invertere supersedeo, Tac A. 15, 63 fin.:

scribere,

Plin. Ep. 5, 7, 5:

castigare territos,

Curt. 5, 6, 14:

spectare supersedit,

Suet. Tit. 7:

deflectere ad visendum Apin supersedit,

id. Aug. 93:

ut venire supersedeant,

Val. Max. 2, 8, 6.