cocti-ō

cŏquo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. [kindr. with Sanscr. pak; Gr. pep in peptô or pessô; Germ. backen; Engl. bake], to cook, to prepare by cooking, to bake, boil, roast, parch, steep, melt, heat (very freq. and class.).

Lit.:

cenam,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 17; id. Ps. 3, 2, 7:

cottidie sic cena ei coquebatur, ut, etc.,

Nep. Cim. 4, 3:

cibum,

Lucr. 5, 1102; cf.

cibaria,

Liv. 3, 27, 3; 29, 25, 6; 44, 32, 11;

44, 35, 13 al.: qui illa coxerat,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98:

quae coxerat aere cavo,

Ov. M. 4, 505:

dulce dedit, tostā quod coxerat ante polentā,

cooked from parched malt, id. ib. 5, 450:

humana exta,

Hor. A. P. 186:

(pavonem),

id. S. 2, 2, 28:

aliquid ex oleo,

in oil, Cels. 5, 177; so,

aliquid ex aceto,

Scrib. Comp. 252. — Absol.:

si nusquam coctum is, quidnam cenat Juppiter?

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 56:

in nonum diem solet ire coctum,

id. Aul. 2, 4, 46; 3, 2, 15:

coquendo sit faxo et molendo,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 61.—

Subst.

coctum, i, n., cooked food:

quid tu, malum, curas, utrum crudum an coctum edim?

Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 16 Ussing:

ne quid in popinas cocti praeter legumina aut olera veniret,

Suet. Ner. 16.— Plur.:

cocta vendere,

Suet. Claud. 38.—

cocta, ae, f., water boiled, and cooled by ice; a decoction, Mart. 2, 85, 1; cf. Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 55; Suet. Ner. 48.—

Transf.

To prepare by fire, to burn, parch, etc.:

laterculos,

Cato, R. R. 39, 2:

calcem,

id. ib. 38, 1 sq.:

carbonem,

id. ib. fin.:

locum sol,

Varr. R. R. 3, 14, 2; cf.:

glaebas maturis solibus aestas,

Verg. G. 1, 66:

cocta ligna,

dried, hardened by drying, Dig. 32, 1, 55, § 7:

coctus agger,

i. e. built of bricks, Prop. 3 (4), 11, 22:

rosaria cocta matutino Noto,

dried up, parched, id. 4 (5), 5, 62; cf.:

at vos, praesentes Austri, coquite horum obsonia,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 41:

aurum cum plumbo,

Plin. 33, 3, 19, § 60:

aera fornacibus,

Luc. 6, 405.—

To ripen, make mature:

arbores sol ac luna,

Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 4:

uvas,

id. ib. 1, 54, 1; cf.

vinum,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 125; and:

mitis vindemia,

Verg. G. 2, 522:

poma (with matura),

Cic. Sen. 19, 71:

fructus solibus,

Plin. 12, 5, 11, § 23:

messem,

Mart. 10, 62 al. —

= concoquo, to digest:

cibus confectus jam coctusque,

Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 137; 2, 54, 136 (but in these passages Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 64, would read concoquo, denying that coquo ever means to digest; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 8, 4, 16); Lact. Opif. Dei, 14, 5; cf.:

balineae ardentes, quibus persuasere in corporibus cibos coqui,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 26:

plerique... bubulum coquunt,

Cels. 4, 5, § 27; 4, 18, § 4.—

Trop. (in the poets and prose writers after the Aug. per.).

To elaborate something in mind, to consider, to think, meditate upon, contrive, plan: quicquid est, incoctum non expromet;

bene coctum dabit,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 55: bene cocto, condito, sermone bono, Lucil. ap. Cic. Att. 13, 52, 1; cf. Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 25; cf.:

consilia secreto,

Liv. 2, 36, 2:

bellum,

id. 8, 3, 2:

trucem invidiam,

Stat. Th. 2, 300:

iras cum fraude,

Sil. 7, 403:

Latio extrema coepta,

id. 10, 431.—

To vex, harass, torment, disturb the mind:

egomet me coquo et macero et defetigo,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 3: si quid ego adjuero curamve levasso, quae nunc te coquit et versat in pectore fixa, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1; cf.:

si sollicitudo oratorem macerat et coquit,

Quint. 12, 10, 77:

quos ira metusque coquebat,

Sil. 14, 103:

quam... Femineae ardentem curaeque iraeque coquebant,

Verg. A. 7, 345.—Hence, Ital. cuocere; Fr. cuire. —Hence, coctus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to III. A. supra), well considered, well digested: bene coctus sermo, Lucil. ap. Cic. Att. 13, 52, 1.— Transf., of persons: hodie juris coctiores non sunt, qui lites creant. Quam, etc. (alluding to the double meaning of jus), better skilled in, etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 9.

cŏquo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. [kindr. with Sanscr. pak; Gr. pep in peptô or pessô; Germ. backen; Engl. bake], to cook, to prepare by cooking, to bake, boil, roast, parch, steep, melt, heat (very freq. and class.).

Lit.:

cenam,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 17; id. Ps. 3, 2, 7:

cottidie sic cena ei coquebatur, ut, etc.,

Nep. Cim. 4, 3:

cibum,

Lucr. 5, 1102; cf.

cibaria,

Liv. 3, 27, 3; 29, 25, 6; 44, 32, 11;

44, 35, 13 al.: qui illa coxerat,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98:

quae coxerat aere cavo,

Ov. M. 4, 505:

dulce dedit, tostā quod coxerat ante polentā,

cooked from parched malt, id. ib. 5, 450:

humana exta,

Hor. A. P. 186:

(pavonem),

id. S. 2, 2, 28:

aliquid ex oleo,

in oil, Cels. 5, 177; so,

aliquid ex aceto,

Scrib. Comp. 252. — Absol.:

si nusquam coctum is, quidnam cenat Juppiter?

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 56:

in nonum diem solet ire coctum,

id. Aul. 2, 4, 46; 3, 2, 15:

coquendo sit faxo et molendo,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 61.—

Subst.

coctum, i, n., cooked food:

quid tu, malum, curas, utrum crudum an coctum edim?

Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 16 Ussing:

ne quid in popinas cocti praeter legumina aut olera veniret,

Suet. Ner. 16.— Plur.:

cocta vendere,

Suet. Claud. 38.—

cocta, ae, f., water boiled, and cooled by ice; a decoction, Mart. 2, 85, 1; cf. Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 55; Suet. Ner. 48.—

Transf.

To prepare by fire, to burn, parch, etc.:

laterculos,

Cato, R. R. 39, 2:

calcem,

id. ib. 38, 1 sq.:

carbonem,

id. ib. fin.:

locum sol,

Varr. R. R. 3, 14, 2; cf.:

glaebas maturis solibus aestas,

Verg. G. 1, 66:

cocta ligna,

dried, hardened by drying, Dig. 32, 1, 55, § 7:

coctus agger,

i. e. built of bricks, Prop. 3 (4), 11, 22:

rosaria cocta matutino Noto,

dried up, parched, id. 4 (5), 5, 62; cf.:

at vos, praesentes Austri, coquite horum obsonia,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 41:

aurum cum plumbo,

Plin. 33, 3, 19, § 60:

aera fornacibus,

Luc. 6, 405.—

To ripen, make mature:

arbores sol ac luna,

Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 4:

uvas,

id. ib. 1, 54, 1; cf.

vinum,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 125; and:

mitis vindemia,

Verg. G. 2, 522:

poma (with matura),

Cic. Sen. 19, 71:

fructus solibus,

Plin. 12, 5, 11, § 23:

messem,

Mart. 10, 62 al. —

= concoquo, to digest:

cibus confectus jam coctusque,

Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 137; 2, 54, 136 (but in these passages Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 64, would read concoquo, denying that coquo ever means to digest; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 8, 4, 16); Lact. Opif. Dei, 14, 5; cf.:

balineae ardentes, quibus persuasere in corporibus cibos coqui,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 26:

plerique... bubulum coquunt,

Cels. 4, 5, § 27; 4, 18, § 4.—

Trop. (in the poets and prose writers after the Aug. per.).

To elaborate something in mind, to consider, to think, meditate upon, contrive, plan: quicquid est, incoctum non expromet;

bene coctum dabit,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 55: bene cocto, condito, sermone bono, Lucil. ap. Cic. Att. 13, 52, 1; cf. Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 25; cf.:

consilia secreto,

Liv. 2, 36, 2:

bellum,

id. 8, 3, 2:

trucem invidiam,

Stat. Th. 2, 300:

iras cum fraude,

Sil. 7, 403:

Latio extrema coepta,

id. 10, 431.—

To vex, harass, torment, disturb the mind:

egomet me coquo et macero et defetigo,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 3: si quid ego adjuero curamve levasso, quae nunc te coquit et versat in pectore fixa, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1; cf.:

si sollicitudo oratorem macerat et coquit,

Quint. 12, 10, 77:

quos ira metusque coquebat,

Sil. 14, 103:

quam... Femineae ardentem curaeque iraeque coquebant,

Verg. A. 7, 345.—Hence, Ital. cuocere; Fr. cuire. —Hence, coctus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to III. A. supra), well considered, well digested: bene coctus sermo, Lucil. ap. Cic. Att. 13, 52, 1.— Transf., of persons: hodie juris coctiores non sunt, qui lites creant. Quam, etc. (alluding to the double meaning of jus), better skilled in, etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 9.

cŭmŭlo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to form into a heap, to accumulate, heap, or pile up (class.).

In gen.

Prop. (mostly post-Aug.;

esp. in Curt. and Tac.): materiem,

Lucr. 1, 989:

nubila,

id. 6, 191; 6, 518:

stipites,

Curt. 6, 6:

harenas,

id. 5, 1, 30:

nivem,

id. 5, 4, 88:

arma in ingentem acervum,

Liv. 45, 33, 1:

pyram truncis nemorumque ruinā,

Stat. Th. 6, 85.—

Trop.:

benefacta,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 64:

omnia principatūs vocabula,

Tac. H. 2, 80:

honores in eam,

id. A. 13, 2:

tantum honorum atque opum in me cumulasti,

id. ib. 14, 53;

1, 21: propemodum saeculi res in illum unum diem fortuna cumulavit,

Curt. 4, 16, 10.—

With special access. ideas (class.).

To augment by heaping up, to increase, heap, amass, accumulate.

With abl.:

funus funere,

Lucr. 6, 1237 (cf. Liv. 26, 41, 8):

aes alienum usuris,

id. 2, 23, 6:

haec aliis nefariis cumulant atque adaugent,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 30; cf.:

alio scelere hoc scelus,

id. Cat. 1, 6, 14:

bellicam gloriam eloquentiā,

id. Off. 1, 32, 116.—

Without abl.:

invidiam,

Liv. 3, 12, 8:

injurias,

id. 3, 37, 3:

vitia,

Tac. Or. 28:

accesserunt quae cumularent religiones animis,

Liv. 42, 20, 5.—

To make full by heaping up, to fill full, fill, overload, etc.

Lit.

With abl.:

locum strage semiruti muri,

Liv. 32, 17, 10:

fossas corporibus,

Tac. H. 4, 20:

viscera Thyesteis mensis,

Ov. M. 15, 462:

cumulatae flore ministrae,

id. F. 4, 451:

altaria donis,

Verg. A. 11, 50; cf.:

aras honore, donis,

Liv. 8, 33, 21; Curt. 5, 1, 20; Val. Fl. 1, 204.—

Without abl.:

altos lacus fervida musta,

Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 72; cf.:

cumulata ligula salis cocti,

a full spoon, spoonful, Col. 2, 21, 2.—

Trop.

With abl.:

non possum non confiteri cumulari me maximo gaudio, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 1; cf.:

ponebas cumulatum aliquem plurimis voluptatibus,

id. Fin. 2, 19, 63: nunc meum cor cumulatur irā, Caecil. ap. Cic. Cael. 16, 37:

duplici dedecore cumulata domus,

Cic. Att. 12, 5, 1; cf.:

orator omni laude cumulatus,

id. de Or. 1, 26, 118:

tot honoribus cumulatus,

Tac. H. 3, 37:

hoc vitio cumulata est Graecorum natio,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 18:

neque tot adversis cumulant,

overwhelm, Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 55.—

With ex: (summum bonum) cumulatur ex integritate corporis et ex mentis ratione perfecta, is made complete, perfect, = completus, absolvitur, Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 40. —

Absol.:

ad cumulandum gaudium (meum) conspectum mihi tuum defuisse,

in order to make my joy full, complete, Cic. Att. 4, 1, 2; cf. under P. a., B. a.—Hence, cŭmŭlātus, a, um, P. a.

(Acc. to II. A.) Increased, augmented:

eādem mensurā reddere quā acceperis aut etiam cumulatiore,

Cic. Brut. 4, 15:

gloria cumulatior,

Liv. 2, 47, 11; cf. id. 4, 60, 2.—

(Acc. to II. B.) Filled full, full, complete, perfect.

Absol.:

tantum accessit ad amorem, ut mirarer locum fuisse augendi in eo, quod mihi jam pridem cumulatum etiam videbatur,

Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 5:

hoc sentire et facere perfectae cumulataeque virtutis (est),

id. Sest. 40, 86.— Poet.:

veniam... cumulatam morte remittam, i. e. cumulate referam,

shall abundantly reward, Verg. A. 4, 436.—

With gen.: ineptitudinis cumulatus, Caecil. ap. Non. p. 128, 15:

scelerum cumulatissime,

Plaut. Aul. 5, 16.— Adv.: cŭmŭ-lātē, in rich abundance, abundantly, copiously (freq. in Cic.;

elsewh. very rare),

Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 42; id. Div. 2, 1, 3; id. Att. 6, 3, 3 al.— Comp., Cic. Or. 17, 54.— Sup., Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 1; 10, 29 init.

glŏbus, i, m. [kindr. with glomus], a round body, a ball, sphere, globe.

Lit.

In gen.: cum duae formae praestantes sint, ex solidis globus (sic enim sphairan interpretari placet), ex planis autem circulus aut orbis, qui kuklos Graece dicitur, Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 47:

ille globus, quae terra dicitur,

id. Rep. 6, 15:

terrae,

id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68; cf.

stellarum,

id. Rep. 6, 16; 6, 17:

solis et lunae,

Lucr. 5, 472; cf.

lunae,

id. 5, 69:

cum caelum discessisse visum est atque in eo animadversi globi,

fire-balls, Cic. Div. 1, 43, 97:

in fundas visci indebant grandiculos globos,

Plaut. Poen. 2, 35: cordis, poet. for cor, Lucr. 4, 119:

farinae,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 107 Müll.; v. in the foll.—

In partic.

A dumpling:

a globo farinae dilatato item in oleo cocti dicti globi,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 107 Müll.; Cato, R. R. 79.—

In milit. lang., a close order of battle, a knot, troop, band, company, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. serra, p. 344 b. Müll.:

cum globo juvenum,

Liv. 1, 6, 7; 1, 12, 9:

emissi militum globi turbam disjecere,

Tac. A. 14, 61; 4, 50; 12, 43; 15, 60; Sil. 7, 53.—

Transf., a globular mass, a ball, globe of things collected together (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; not in Cicero nor Cæsar): flammarumque globos liquefactaque volvere saxa, globes or masses of flame, Verg. G. 1, 473:

sanguinis,

Ov. M. 12, 238:

nubium,

Luc. 4, 74; Tac. A. 2, 23:

telorum,

Val. Fl. 6, 381. — A throng, crowd, body, or mass of people:

extrema contio et circa Fabium globus increpabant inclementem dictatorem,

Liv. 8, 32, 13:

circa eum aliquot hominum, ne forte violaretur, constitisset globus,

id. 2, 29, 2:

cum repelleretur adsertor virginis a globo mulierum,

id. 3, 47, 8:

aditum senatus globus togatorum obsederat,

Tac. A. 16, 27:

magno semper electorum juvenum globo circumdari,

id. G. 13;

and with a contemptuous secondary notion: si quem ex illo globo nobilitatis ad hoc negotium mittatis,

from that noble clique, Sall. J. 85, 10 Kritz.:

conjurationis,

Vell. 2, 58, 2; cf.

consensionis,

Nep. Att. 8, 4:

Jehu,

Vulg. 4 Reg. 9, 17.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to ripen, to bake, to cook, to digest' (Il.).

Other forms: Att. πέττω, aor. πέψαι (Il.), fut. πέψω (Ar.), innovation pres. πέπτω (Arist.); pass. perf. πέπεμ-μαι, aor. πεφθῆναι with πεφθήσομαι (Hp., Att.).

Compounds: Also w. κατα-, περι-, συν-. 1. ἀρτο-κόπος s. ἄρτος; 2. δρυ-πεπ-ής `ripening on the tree' (com., AP).

Derivatives: 1. πέμμα n. `pastry, cake' (IA.) with - άτιον (Ath.); 2. πέψις f. `the digestion, the cooking, the ripening' (Hp., Arist.). 3. πεπτός (E. Fr. 467, 4, pap., Plu.), more usu. in compp., e.g. ἄ-, δύσ-πεπτος `indigested', resp. `hard to digest' (Hp., Arist.) with ἀ-, δυσ-πεψ-ία f. (Arist., hell.); cf. Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 18; 4. πεπτ-ικός `fit for digestion' (Arist.), - ήριος `id.' (Aret.). 5. πέπτρια f. `bakeress' H. s. σιτοποιός. With o-vocal.: 6. πόπανον n. `pastry' (Att., hell.) with - ώδης `like pastry' H. s. φυσακτήρ, - ευμα n. `id.' - εῖον panificium Gloss. (: *-εύω); cf. ὄχανον, πλόκανον a.o., Chantraine Form. 198. 7. ποπάς, - άδος f. `id.' (AP); cf. πλοκάς etc., Chantraine 353. --. On πέπων s. v.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [798] * pekʷ- `cook'

Etymology: The yot-present πέσσω agrees exatly with Skt. pácyate (midd.) `ripens', IE *pekʷ-i̯o\/e-; for it elsewhere a themat. root- present * pekʷ-o \/ e- in Skt. pácati = Lat. coquō = OCS pekǫ, Lith. kepù (with inversion, cf. ἀρτοκόπος) etc. Thus the aor. πέψαι agrees with Skt. pákṣat (subj.) and Lat. coxī. The verbal nouns too are often found back outside Greek; but some may be parallel innovations: πέψις = Skt. (Ved.) paktí-, pákti- f. `cooking, cooked meal' = Lat. cocti-ō `id.' (Vitr.) = OCS peštь f. `furnace'; πεπτός (cf. above) = Lat. coctus = Welsh poeth `hot' = Lith. kèptas `baked' (but Skt. not *paktá-, but pakvá-; cf. on πέπων); πέπτρια f.: Skt. paktár- m. = Lat. coctor (Petron etc.). -- WP. 2, 17f., Pok. 798, W.-Hofmann s. coquō, Mayrhofer s. pácati etc. w. lit. and further details.

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